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<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Report2: Impact of Covid-19 on young people aged 13-24 in the UK- preliminary findings</strong> -
<div>
A brief follow on report (for Report 1, see https://psyarxiv.com/uq4rn/). This report presents data on parents and their children's well being as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic from our adult survey study. In addition to presenting additional data showing a potentially significant increase in anxiety and depression in young people aged 13-24, as a consequence of COVID-19. Data collection for our Adult Study (Wave 2) took place between 22nd April and was ended on Friday, May 1st, here we report headline figures for the impact of Covid-19 on parents and their children. We have described our methods in a separate report (https://psyarxiv.com/wxe2n) and released two reports on our mental health outcomes from wave 1 (https://psyarxiv.com/hb6nq, https://psyarxiv.com/ydvc7).
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/s32j8/" target="_blank">Report2: Impact of Covid-19 on young people aged 13-24 in the UK- preliminary findings</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 infection of circulating immune cells is not responsible for virus dissemination in severe COVID-19 patients</strong> -
<div>
In late 2019 a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged, and has since caused a global pandemic. Understanding the pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease is necessary to inform development of therapeutics, and management of infected patients. Using scRNAseq of blood drawn from SARS-CoV-2 patients, we asked whether SARS-CoV-2 may exploit immune cells as a 'Trojan Horse' to disseminate and access multiple organ systems. Our data suggests that circulating cells are not actively infected with SARS-CoV-2, and do not appear to be a source of viral dissemination.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.19.427282v1" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 infection of circulating immune cells is not responsible for virus dissemination in severe COVID-19 patients</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>BRD2 inhibition blocks SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro by reducing transcription of the host cell receptor ACE2</strong> -
<div>
SARS-CoV-2 infection of human cells is initiated by the binding of the viral Spike protein to its cell-surface receptor ACE2. We conducted an unbiased CRISPRi screen to uncover druggable pathways controlling Spike protein binding to human cells. We found that the protein BRD2 is an essential node in the cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. BRD2 is required for ACE2 transcription in human lung epithelial cells and cardiomyocytes, and BRD2 inhibitors currently evaluated in clinical trials potently block endogenous ACE2 expression and SARS-CoV-2 infection of human cells. BRD2 also controls transcription of several other genes induced upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, including the interferon response, which in turn regulates ACE2 levels. It is possible that the previously reported interaction between the viral E protein and BRD2 evolved to manipulate the transcriptional host response during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Together, our results pinpoint BRD2 as a potent and essential regulator of the host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and highlight the potential of BRD2 as a novel therapeutic target for COVID-19.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.19.427194v1" target="_blank">BRD2 inhibition blocks SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro by reducing transcription of the host cell receptor ACE2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Sterically-Confined Rearrangements of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Control Cell Invasion</strong> -
<div>
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly contagious, and transmission involves a series of processes that may be targeted by vaccines and therapeutics. During transmission, host cell invasion is controlled by a large-scale conformational change of the Spike protein. This conformational rearrangement leads to membrane fusion, which creates transmembrane pores through which the viral genome is passed to the host. During Spike-protein-mediated fusion, the fusion peptides must be released from the core of the protein and associate with the host membrane. Interestingly, the Spike protein possesses many post-translational modifications, in the form of branched glycans that flank the surface of the assembly. Despite the large number of glycosylation sites, until now, the specific role of glycans during cell invasion has been unclear. Here, we propose that glycosylation is needed to provide sufficient time for the fusion peptides to reach the host membrane, otherwise the viral particle would fail to enter the host. To understand this process, an all-atom model with simplified energetics was used to perform thousands of simulations in which the protein transitions between the prefusion and postfusion conformations. These simulations indicate that the steric composition of the glycans induces a pause during the Spike protein conformational change. We additionally show that this glycan-induced delay provides a critical opportunity for the fusion peptides to capture the host cell. This previously-unrecognized role of glycans reveals how the glycosylation state can regulate infectivity of this pervasive pathogen.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.18.427189v1" target="_blank">Sterically-Confined Rearrangements of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Control Cell Invasion</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Azithromycin Plus Zinc Sulfate Rapidly and Synergistically Suppresses IκBα-Mediated In Vitro Human Airway Cell ACE2 Expression for SARS-CoV-2 Entry</strong> -
<div>
Large-scale efforts have been persistently undertaken for medical prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 disasters worldwide. A variety of novel viral spike protein-targeted vaccine preparations have recently been clinically distributed based on accelerated approval. We revisited the early but inconclusive clinical interest in the combination of azithromycin and zinc sulfate repurposing with safety advantages. In vitro proof of concept was provided for rapid and synergistic suppression of ACE2 expression following treatments in human airway cells, Calu-3 and H322M. The two representative ACE2-expressing human airway cells indicate the upper and lower respiratory tracts. Prophylactic and early therapeutic roles of azithromycin combined with zinc are proposed for virus cellular entry prevention potential bridging to effective antibody production.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.19.427206v1" target="_blank">Azithromycin Plus Zinc Sulfate Rapidly and Synergistically Suppresses IκBα-Mediated In Vitro Human Airway Cell ACE2 Expression for SARS-CoV-2 Entry</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>A trans-complementation system for SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
<div>
The biosafety level-3 (BSL-3) requirement to culture severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a bottleneck for research and countermeasure development. Here we report a trans-complementation system that produces single-round infectious SARS-CoV-2 that recapitulates authentic viral replication. We demonstrate that the single-round infectious SARS-CoV-2 can be used at BSL-2 laboratories for high-throughput neutralization and antiviral testing. The trans-complementation system consists of two components: a genomic viral RNA containing a deletion of ORF3 and envelope gene, and a producer cell line expressing the two deleted genes. Trans-complementation of the two components generates virions that can infect naive cells for only one round, but does not produce wild-type SARS-CoV-2. Hamsters and K18-hACE2 transgenic mice inoculated with the complementation-derived virions exhibited no detectable disease, even after intracranial inoculation with the highest possible dose. The results suggest that the trans-complementation platform can be safely used at BSL-2 laboratories for research and countermeasure development.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.16.426970v1" target="_blank">A trans-complementation system for SARS-CoV-2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Experimental re-infected cats do not transmit SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
<div>
SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19 and responsible for the current global pandemic. We and others have previously demonstrated that cats are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and can efficiently transmit the virus to naive cats. Here, we address whether cats previously exposed to SARS-CoV-2 can be re-infected with SARS-CoV-2. In two independent studies, SARS-CoV-2-infected cats were re-challenged with SARS-CoV-2 at 21 days post primary challenge (DPC) and necropsies performed at 4, 7 and 14 days post-secondary challenge (DP2C). Sentinels were co-mingled with the re-challenged cats at 1 DP2C. Clinical signs were recorded, and nasal, oropharyngeal, and rectal swabs, blood, and serum were collected and tissues examined for histologic lesions. Viral RNA was transiently shed via the nasal, oropharyngeal and rectal cavities of the re-challenged cats. Viral RNA was detected in various tissues of re-challenged cats euthanized at 4 DP2C, mainly in the upper respiratory tract and lymphoid tissues, but less frequently and at lower levels in the lower respiratory tract when compared to primary SARS-CoV-2 challenged cats at 4 DPC. Histologic lesions that characterized primary SARS-CoV-2 infected cats at 4 DPC were absent in the re-challenged cats. Naive sentinels co-housed with the re-challenged cats did not shed virus or seroconvert. Together, our results indicate that cats previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 can be experimentally re-infected with SARS-CoV-2; however, the levels of virus shed was insufficient for transmission to co-housed naive sentinels. We conclude that SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats induces immune responses that provide partial, non-sterilizing immune protection against reinfection.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.18.427182v1" target="_blank">Experimental re-infected cats do not transmit SARS-CoV-2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Comprehensive mapping of SARS-CoV-2 interactions in vivo reveals functional virus-host interactions</strong> -
<div>
SARS-CoV-2 has emerged as a major threat to global public health, resulting in global societal and economic disruptions. Here, we investigate the intramolecular and intermolecular RNA interactions of wildtype (WT) and a mutant ({Delta}382) SARS-CoV-2 virus in cells using high throughput structure probing on Illumina and Nanopore platforms. We identified twelve potentially functional structural elements within the SARS-CoV-2 genome, observed that identical sequences can fold into divergent structures on different subgenomic RNAs, and that WT and {Delta}382 virus genomes can fold differently. Proximity ligation sequencing experiments identified hundreds of intramolecular and intermolecular pair-wise interactions within the virus genome and between virus and host RNAs. SARS-CoV-2 binds strongly to mitochondrial and small nucleolar RNAs and is extensively 2'-O-methylated. 2'-O-methylation sites in the virus genome are enriched in the untranslated regions and are associated with increased pair-wise interactions. SARS-CoV-2 infection results in a global decrease of 2'-O-methylation sites on host mRNAs, suggesting that binding to snoRNAs could be a pro-viral mechanism to sequester methylation machinery from host RNAs towards the virus genome. Collectively, these studies deepen our understanding of the molecular basis of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity, cellular factors important during infection and provide a platform for targeted therapy.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.17.427000v1" target="_blank">Comprehensive mapping of SARS-CoV-2 interactions in vivo reveals functional virus-host interactions</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>An all-solid-state heterojunction oxide transistor for the rapid detection of biomolecules and SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein</strong> -
<div>
Solid-state transistor sensors that can detect biomolecules in real time are highly attractive for emerging bioanalytical applications. However, combining cost-effective manufacturing with high sensitivity, specificity and fast sensing response, remains challenging. Here we develop low-temperature solution-processed In2O3/ZnO heterojunction transistors featuring a geometrically engineered tri-channel architecture for rapid real-time detection of different biomolecules. The sensor combines a high electron mobility channel, attributed to the quasi-two-dimensional electron gas (q2DEG) at the buried In2O3/ZnO heterointerface, in close proximity to a sensing surface featuring tethered analyte receptors. The unusual tri-channel design enables strong coupling between the buried q2DEG and the minute electronic perturbations occurring during receptor-analyte interactions allowing for robust, real-time detection of biomolecules down to attomolar (aM) concentrations. By functionalizing the tri-channel surface with SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) antibody receptors, we demonstrate real-time detection of the SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein down to attomolar concentrations in under two minutes.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.19.427256v1" target="_blank">An all-solid-state heterojunction oxide transistor for the rapid detection of biomolecules and SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The impact of Spike mutations on SARS-CoV-2 neutralization</strong> -
<div>
Multiple SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have shown protective efficacy, which is most likely mediated by neutralizing antibodies recognizing the viral entry protein, Spike. Antibodies from SARS-CoV-2 infection neutralize the virus by focused targeting of Spike and there is limited serum cross-neutralization of the closely-related SARS-CoV. As new SARS-CoV-2 variants are rapidly emerging, exemplified by the B.1.1.7, 501Y.V2 and P.1 lineages, it is critical to understand if antibody responses induced by infection with the original SARS-CoV-2 virus or the current vaccines will remain effective against virus variants. In this study we evaluate neutralization of a series of mutated Spike pseudotypes including a B.1.1.7 Spike pseudotype. The analyses of a panel of Spike-specific monoclonal antibodies revealed that the neutralizing activity of some antibodies was dramatically reduced by Spike mutations. In contrast, polyclonal antibodies in the serum of patients infected in early 2020 remained active against most mutated Spike pseudotypes. The majority of serum samples were equally able to neutralize the B.1.1.7 Spike pseudotype, however potency was reduced in a small number of samples (3 of 36) by 5-10-fold. This work highlights that changes in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike can alter neutralization sensitivity and underlines the need for effective real-time monitoring of emerging mutations and their impact on vaccine efficacy.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.15.426849v1" target="_blank">The impact of Spike mutations on SARS-CoV-2 neutralization</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The effect of eviction moratoria on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Massive unemployment during the COVID-19 pandemic could result in an eviction crisis in US cities. Here we model the effect of evictions on SARS-CoV-2 epidemics, simulating viral transmission within and among households in a theoretical metropolitan area. We recreate a range of urban epidemic trajectories and project the course of the epidemic under two counterfactual scenarios, one in which a strict moratorium on evictions is in place and enforced, and another in which evictions are allowed to resume at baseline or increased rates. We find, across scenarios, that evictions lead to significant increases in infections. Applying our model to Philadelphia using locally-specific parameters shows that the increase is especially profound in models that consider realistically heterogenous cities in which both evictions and contacts occur more frequently in poorer neighborhoods. Our results provide a basis to assess municipal eviction moratoria and show that policies to stem evictions are a warranted and important component of COVID-19 control.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.10.27.20220897v2" target="_blank">The effect of eviction moratoria on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Rapid protection from COVID-19 in nonhuman primates vaccinated intramuscularly but not intranasally with a single dose of a recombinant vaccine</strong> -
<div>
The ongoing pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to exert a significant burden on health care systems worldwide. With limited treatments available, vaccination remains an effective strategy to counter transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Recent discussions concerning vaccination strategies have focused on identifying vaccine platforms, number of doses, route of administration, and time to reach peak immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we generated a single dose, fast-acting vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine derived from the licensed Ebola virus (EBOV) vaccine rVSV-ZEBOV, expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the EBOV glycoprotein (VSV-SARS2-EBOV). Rhesus macaques vaccinated intramuscularly (IM) with a single dose of VSV-SARS2-EBOV were protected within 10 days and did not show signs of COVID-19 pneumonia. In contrast, IN vaccination resulted in limited immunogenicity and enhanced COVID-19 pneumonia compared to control animals. While IM and IN vaccination both induced neutralizing antibody titers, only IM vaccination resulted in a significant cellular immune response. RNA sequencing data bolstered these results by revealing robust activation of the innate and adaptive immune transcriptional signatures in the lungs of IM-vaccinated animals only. Overall, the data demonstrates that VSV-SARS2-EBOV is a potent single-dose COVID-19 vaccine candidate that offers rapid protection based on the protective efficacy observed in our study.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.19.426885v1" target="_blank">Rapid protection from COVID-19 in nonhuman primates vaccinated intramuscularly but not intranasally with a single dose of a recombinant vaccine</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants</strong> -
<div>
To date severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected nearly 100 million individuals resulting in over two million deaths. Many vaccines are being deployed to prevent coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) including two novel mRNA-based vaccines. These vaccines elicit neutralizing antibodies and appear to be safe and effective, but the precise nature of the elicited antibodies is not known. Here we report on the antibody and memory B cell responses in a cohort of 20 volunteers who received either the Moderna (mRNA-1273) or Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccines. Consistent with prior reports, 8 weeks after the second vaccine injection volunteers showed high levels of IgM, and IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S), receptor binding domain (RBD) binding titers. Moreover, the plasma neutralizing activity, and the relative numbers of RBD-specific memory B cells were equivalent to individuals who recovered from natural infection. However, activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants encoding E484K or N501Y or the K417N:E484K:N501Y combination was reduced by a small but significant margin. Consistent with these findings, vaccine-elicited monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2, targeting a number of different RBD epitopes epitopes in common with mAbs isolated from infected donors. Structural analyses of mAbs complexed with S trimer suggest that vaccine- and virus-encoded S adopts similar conformations to induce equivalent anti-RBD antibodies. However, neutralization by 14 of the 17 most potent mAbs tested was reduced or abolished by either K417N, or E484K, or N501Y mutations. Notably, the same mutations were selected when recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV)/SARS-CoV-2 S was cultured in the presence of the vaccine elicited mAbs. Taken together the results suggest that the monoclonal antibodies in clinical use should be tested against newly arising variants, and that mRNA vaccines may need to be updated periodically to avoid potential loss of clinical efficacy.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.15.426911v1" target="_blank">mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 pseudovirus by BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited human sera</strong> -
<div>
Recently, a new SARS-CoV-2 lineage called B.1.1.7 has emerged in the United Kingdom that was reported to spread more efficiently than other strains. This variant has an unusually large number of mutations with 10 amino acid changes in the spike protein, raising concerns that its recognition by neutralizing antibodies may be affected. Here, we investigated SARS-CoV-2-S pseudoviruses bearing either the Wuhan reference strain or the B.1.1.7 lineage spike protein with sera of 16 participants in a previously reported trial with the mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2. The immune sera had equivalent neutralizing titers to both variants. These data, together with the combined immunity involving humoral and cellular effectors induced by this vaccine, make it unlikely that the B.1.1.7 lineage will escape BNT162b2-mediated protection.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.18.426984v1" target="_blank">Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 pseudovirus by BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited human sera</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Native-like SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein expressed by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 vaccine</strong> -
<div>
Vaccine development against the SARS-CoV-2 virus focuses on the principal target of the neutralizing immune response, the spike (S) glycoprotein. Adenovirus-vectored vaccines offer an effective platform for the delivery of viral antigen, but it is important for the generation of neutralizing antibodies that they produce appropriately processed and assembled viral antigen that mimics that observed on the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here, we describe the structure, conformation and glycosylation of the S protein derived from the adenovirus-vectored ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 vaccine. We demonstrate native-like post-translational processing and assembly, and reveal the expression of S proteins on the surface of cells adopting the trimeric prefusion conformation. The data presented here confirms the use of ChAdOx1 adenovirus vectors as a leading platform technology for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.15.426463v1" target="_blank">Native-like SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein expressed by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 vaccine</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>APT™ T3X on the COVID-19 Contamination Rate</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Tetracycline hydrochloride 3%;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   University of Nove de Julho;   Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study of ORTD-1 in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Related Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: ORTD-1 low dose;   Drug: ORTD-1 mid dose;   Drug: ORTD-1 high dose;   Other: Vehicle control<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Oryn Therapeutics, LLC<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety and Efficacy of Doxycycline and Rivaroxaban in COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Doxycycline Tablets;   Drug: Rivaroxaban 15Mg Tab;   Combination Product: Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Yaounde Central Hospital<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Effect of Deep Breathing Exercise on Dyspnea, Anxiety and Quality of Life in Patients Treated for COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: Deep Breathing Exercise with Triflo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Ankara University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pilot Study of Cefditoren Pivoxil in COVID-19 Patients With Mild to Moderate Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19 Pneumonia<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Cefditoren pivoxil 400mg<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Meiji Pharma Spain S.A.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Real World Study of Bamlanivimab in Participants With Mild-to-moderate Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Bamlanivimab<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Eli Lilly and Company;   AbCellera Biologics Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Evaluate the Effects of AT-527 in Non-Hospitalized Adult Patients With Mild or Moderate COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: AT-527;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Hoffmann-La Roche;   Atea Pharmaceuticals, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dexamethasone for COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Dexamethasone<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University of Oklahoma<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy and Safety of DWJ1248 With Remdesivir in Severe COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Severe COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: DWJ1248 with Remdesivir;   Drug: Placebo with Remdesivir<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co. LTD.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Assessment of Efficacy and Safety of Therapy With COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma in Subjects With Severe COVID-19 (IPCO)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Severe COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: COVID-19 convalescent plasma<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Medical School<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapy in Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Other: Mesenchymal stem cells<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Evaluate the Lot Consistency, Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of BNT162b2 Against COVID-19 in Healthy Adults</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   SARS-CoV-2 Infection;   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: BNT162b2<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   BioNTech SE;   Pfizer<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The (HD)IVACOV Trial (The High-Dose IVermectin Against COVID-19 Trial)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Ivermectin 0.6mg/kg/day;   Drug: Ivermectin 1.0mg/kg/day;   Drug: Placebo;   Drug: Hydroxychloroquine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Corpometria Institute<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>To Evaluate SCTA01 Treatment of High-risk Outpatients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19;   SARS-CoV-2<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: SCTA01;   Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Sinocelltech Ltd.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study of Adalimumab or Placebo in Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Mild to Moderate COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Adalimumab;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Ology Bioservices;   Pharm-Olam, LLC;   Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Medical<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hydroxychloroquine-mediated inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 entry is attenuated by TMPRSS2</strong> - Hydroxychloroquine, used to treat malaria and some autoimmune disorders, potently inhibits viral infection of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV-1) and SARS-CoV-2 in cell-culture studies. However, human clinical trials of hydroxychloroquine failed to establish its usefulness as treatment for COVID-19. This compound is known to interfere with endosomal acidification necessary to the proteolytic activity of cathepsins. Following receptor binding and endocytosis, cathepsin L can cleave the SARS-CoV-1 and...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Modeling the structure of the frameshift-stimulatory pseudoknot in SARS-CoV-2 reveals multiple possible conformers</strong> - The coronavirus causing the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, uses -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting (-1 PRF) to control the relative expression of viral proteins. As modulating -1 PRF can inhibit viral replication, the RNA pseudoknot stimulating -1 PRF may be a fruitful target for therapeutics treating COVID-19. We modeled the unusual 3-stem structure of the stimulatory pseudoknot of SARS-CoV-2 computationally, using multiple blind structural prediction tools followed by μs-long molecular...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Fighting the storm: could novel anti-TNFalpha and anti-IL-6 C. sativa cultivars tame cytokine storm in COVID-19?</strong> - The main aspects of severe COVID-19 disease pathogenesis include hyper-induction of proinflammatory cytokines, also known as 'cytokine storm', that precedes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and often leads to death. COVID-19 patients often suffer from lung fibrosis, a serious and untreatable condition. There remains no effective treatment for these complications. Out of all cytokines, TNFα and IL-6 play crucial roles in cytokine storm pathogenesis and are likely responsible for the...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Purinergic Signaling of ATP in COVID-19 Associated Guillain-Barre Syndrome</strong> - Declared as a global public health emergency, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is presented as a disease of the respiratory tract, although severe cases can affect the entire organism. Several studies have shown neurological symptoms, ranging from dizziness and loss of consciousness to cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, Guillain-Barré syndrome, an immune-mediated inflammatory neuropathy, has been closely associated with critical cases of infection with "severe...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mass spectrometry reveals potential of beta-lactams as SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) inhibitors</strong> - The main viral protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 is a nucleophilic cysteine hydrolase and a current target for anti-viral chemotherapy. We describe a high-throughput solid phase extraction coupled to mass spectrometry Mpro assay. The results reveal some β-lactams, including penicillin esters, are active site reacting Mpro inhibitors, thus highlighting the potential of acylating agents for Mpro inhibition.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of inhaled magnesium sulphate in combination with standard treatment in patients with moderate or severe COVID-19: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial</strong> - OBJECTIVES: Basic and clinical studies have shown that magnesium sulphate ameliorates lung injury and controls asthma attacks by anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory effects. Both intravenous and inhaled magnesium sulphate have a clinical impact on acute severe asthma by inhibition of airway smooth muscle contraction. Besides, magnesium sulphate can dilate constricted pulmonary arteries and reduce pulmonary artery resistance. However, it may affect systemic arteries when administered...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>What coronavirus 3C-like protease tells us: From structure, substrate selectivity, to inhibitor design</strong> - The emergence of a variety of coronaviruses (CoVs) in the last decades has posed huge threats to human health. Especially, the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to more than 70 million infections and over 1.6 million of deaths worldwide in the past few months. None of the efficacious antiviral agents against human CoVs have been approved yet. 3C-like protease (3CL^(pro) ) is an attractive target...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Cytokine Profiles Before and After Immune Modulation in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19</strong> - We describe the cytokine profiles of a large cohort of hospitalized patients with moderate to critical COVID-19, focusing on IL-6, sIL2R, and IL-10 levels before and after receiving immune modulating therapies, namely, tocilizumab and glucocorticoids. We also discuss the possible roles of sIL2R and IL-10 as markers of ongoing immune dysregulation after IL-6 inhibition. We performed a retrospective chart review of adult patients admitted to a tertiary care center with moderate to critical...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Natural agents modulating ACE-2: A review of compounds with potential against SARS-CoV-2 infections</strong> - One of the biggest challenges of public health worldwide is reducing the number of events and deaths related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a carboxypeptidase that degrades angiotensin II into angiotensin 1-7, has been identified as a potent receptor for SARSCoV-2. In the last decades, ACE inhibition has assumed a central role in reducing cardiovascular and renal events. However, with the advent of COVID-19,...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>An in silico analysis of Ibuprofen enantiomers in high concentrations of sodium chloride with SARS-CoV-2 main protease</strong> - 2020 will be remembered worldwide for the outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which quickly spread until it was declared as a global pandemic. The main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2, a key enzyme in coronavirus, represents an attractive pharmacological target for inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication. Here, we evaluated whether the anti-inflammatory drug Ibuprofen, may act as a potential SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor, using an in silico study. From molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we also...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Molecular docking and simulation studies of natural compounds of Vitex negundo L. against papain-like protease (PL(pro)) of SARS CoV-2 (coronavirus) to conquer the pandemic situation in the world</strong> - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) is β-coronavirus that is responsible for the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) all over the world. The rapid spread of the novel SARS CoV-2 worldwide is raising a significant global public health issue with nearly 61.86 million people infected and 1.4 million deaths. To date, no specific drugs are available for the treatment of COVID-19. The inhibition of proteases essential for the proteolytic treatment of viral...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Withanolides from Withania somnifera as an immunity booster and their therapeutic options against COVID-19</strong> - Traditionally, Withania somnifera is widely used as an immune booster, anti-viral, and for multiple medicinal purposes. The present study investigated the withanolides as an immune booster and anti-viral agents against the coronavirus-19. Withanolides from Withania somnifera were retrieved from the open-source database, their targets were predicted using DIGEP-Pred, and the protein-protein interaction was evaluated. The drug-likeness score and intestinal absorptivity of each compound were also...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Potential health benefits of zinc supplementation for the management of COVID-19 pandemic</strong> - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The COVID-19 pandemic has created unimaginable and unprecedented global health crisis. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, millions of dollars have been spent, hospitalization overstretched with increasing morbidity and mortality. All these have resulted in unprecedented global economic catastrophe. Several drugs and vaccines are currently being evaluated, tested,...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Compounds of Citrus medica and Zingiber officinale for COVID-19 inhibition: in silico evidence for cues from Ayurveda</strong> - CONCLUSION: In silico studies suggest that the phytochemical compounds in C. medica and Z. officinale may have good potential in reducing viral load and shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in the nasal passages. Further studies are recommended to test its efficacy in humans for mitigating the transmission of COVID-19.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Factual insights of the allosteric inhibition mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 main protease by quercetin: an in silico analysis</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M^(pro)) cleaves the viral polypeptide 1a and 1ab in a site-specific ((L-Q|(S, A, G)) manner and produce functional enzymes for mediating viral replication. Numerous studies have reported synthetic competitive inhibitors against this target enzyme but increase in substrate concentration often reduces the effectiveness of such inhibitors. Allosteric inhibition by natural compound can provide safe and effective treatment by alleviating this limitation. Present study deals...</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 CLASSIFICATION RECOGNITION METHOD BASED ON CT IMAGES OF LUNGS</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU314054415">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A traditional Chinese medicine composition for COVID-19 and/or influenza and preparation method thereof</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU313300659">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Covid 19 - Chewing Gum</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU313269181">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>STOCHASTIC MODEL METHOD TO DETERMINE THE PROBABILITY OF TRANSMISSION OF NOVEL COVID-19</strong> - The present invention is directed to a stochastic model method to assess the risk of spreading the disease and determine the probability of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN313339294">link</a></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Fahrzeuglüftungssystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Fahrzeuglüftungssystems</strong> -
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
</p><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fahrzeuglüftungssystem (1) zum Belüften einer Fahrgastzelle (2) eines Fahrzeugs (3), mit einem Umluftpfad (5). Die Erfindung ist gekennzeichnet durch eine wenigstens abschnittsweise in einen Umluftansaugbereich (4) des Umluftpads (5) hineinreichende Sterilisationseinrichtung (6), wobei die Sterilisationseinrichtung (6) dazu eingerichtet ist von einem aus der Fahrgastzelle (2) entnommenen Luftstrom getragene Schadstoffe zu inaktivieren und/oder abzutöten.</p></li>
</ul>
<img alt="embedded image" id="EMI-D00000"/>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"></p>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=DE313868337">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The use of human serum albumin (HSA) and Cannabigerol (CBG) as active ingredients in a composition for use in the treatment of Coronavirus (Covid-19) and its symptoms</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU313251184">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The use of human serum albumin (HSA) and Cannabigerol (CBG) as active ingredients in a composition for use in the treatment of Coronavirus (Covid-19) and its symptoms</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU313251182">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>"AYURVEDIC PROPRIETARY MEDICINE FOR TREATMENT OF SEVERWE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS 2 (SARS-COV-2."</strong> - AbstractAyurvedic Proprietary Medicine for treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)In one of the aspect of the present invention it is provided that Polyherbal combinations called Coufex (syrup) is prepared as Ayurvedic Proprietary Medicine , Aqueous Extracts Mixing with Sugar Syrup form the following herbal aqueous extract coriandrum sativum was used for the formulation of protek.Further another Polyherbal combination protek as syrup is prepared by the combining an aqueous extract of the medicinal herbs including Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, Aegle marmelos, Zingiber officinale, Ocimum sanctum, Adatoda zeylanica, Piper lingum, Andrographis panivulata, Coriandrum sativum, Tinospora cordiofolia, cuminum cyminum,piper nigrum was used for the formulation of Coufex. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN312324209">link</a></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung</strong> -
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
</p><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung (1), wobei die Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung (1) mindestens an einem Ohr eines Trägers magnetisch befestigbar ist.</p></li>
</ul>
<img alt="embedded image" id="EMI-D00000"/>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"></p>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=DE313866760">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Haptens, hapten conjugates, compositions thereof and method for their preparation and use</strong> - A method for performing a multiplexed diagnostic assay, such as for two or more different targets in a sample, is described. One embodiment comprised contacting the sample with two or more specific binding moieties that bind specifically to two or more different targets. The two or more specific binding moieties are conjugated to different haptens, and at least one of the haptens is an oxazole, a pyrazole, a thiazole, a nitroaryl compound other than dinitrophenyl, a benzofurazan, a triterpene, a urea, a thiourea, a rotenoid, a coumarin, a cyclolignan, a heterobiaryl, an azo aryl, or a benzodiazepine. The sample is contacted with two or more different anti-hapten antibodies that can be detected separately. The two or more different anti-hapten antibodies may be conjugated to different detectable labels. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU311608060">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>New York City’s Clown-Car Mayoral Race</strong> - More than thirty-five people are running for mayor. Does that bode well for the voters? - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-local-correspondents/new-york-citys-clown-car-mayoral-race">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Living in the Age of the White Mob</strong> - The attack on the Capitol shows that white riotous violence, brutally epitomized by the Tulsa Race Massacre, has never been relegated to history. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/living-in-the-age-of-the-white-mob">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Trial of Donald Trump Must Tell the Full Story of the Capitol Insurrection</strong> - We need a truth-finding mission rather than just a punitive undertaking, and it requires the support of President-elect Biden. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-trial-of-donald-trump-must-tell-the-full-story-of-the-capitol-insurrection">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Obituary for a Failed Presidency</strong> - In the end, Donald Trump was everything his haters feared—a chaos candidate who became a chaos President. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-trumps-washington/obituary-for-a-failed-presidency">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Alexey Navalny’s Fearless Return to Russia</strong> - The Russian dissident’s superpower is his ability to show people what they have always known about the Putin regime but had the option of pretending away. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/alexey-navalnys-fearless-return-to-russia">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Kamala Harris is making history. Don’t let hatred and fear take that away.</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="kamala harris white suit" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/NaIKWzzqVjZmWeo8YXCAop871L0=/288x0:4892x3453/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68693901/GettyImages_1284486972.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Kamala Harris speaks in Wilmington, Delaware, on November 7, 2020, after it’s been announced she and Joe Biden won the election. | Tasos Katopodis/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Harris will become the first woman and first Black and South Asian American to serve as US vice president.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WzaI9j">
This is the first time a new US administration will be sworn in during a pandemic. The week-long procession of balls, dinners, concerts, and sheer jubilation has been waived under the threat of the virus. Just 2,000 people will be present for the inauguration, a far cry from the 1.8 million who attended Obama’s first inauguration in 2009 and even the 1 million who attended his second in 2013. Congressional leadership, the Biden and Harris families, and other dignitaries will be in attendance, but they’ll be socially distanced on the risers — and masks will be a necessary feature.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TIzI76">
Then add to those precautions the ones taken since a mob overran the US Capitol on January 6: an urgent “stay home” order from DC Mayor Muriel Bowser; an estimated 25,000 members of the National Guard on site, far outnumbering inauguration attendees; the National Mall remaining closed until January 21; Airbnb canceling all reservations in the District; local hotels housing active-duty military. The inauguration will look like no other in history.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EzY3sf">
But make no mistake: The significance of the moment can’t be erased. Harris is America’s first woman vice president. The first vice president of Jamaican descent. The first vice president of Indian descent. Harris will bring her experiences as a Black and South Asian American woman to the vice presidency. She’s bringing Howard University and the Alpha Kappa Alphas with her; she’s bringing her large blended family, along with the wisdom imparted to her by her late immigrant mother, Shyamala Gopalan, and late grandfather P.V. Gopalan. Inside the office of the vice president will be Orange Hill, Jamaica; Chennai, India; and Berkeley, California. America will have its first second gentleman: Doug Emhoff, the son of two Jewish parents from Brooklyn.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="aPTOxU">
This is a major moment for America, its opportunity to finally confirm that women, particularly women of color, have helped cultivate the best version of America. This is America’s chance to honor and reward their image, their nonstop toil for opportunity. This is America’s moment to write a chapter that celebrates the diversity that makes it strong.
</p>
<h3 id="abZ5ig">
Kamala Harris’s swearing-in cannot be overshadowed by hate
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="K0mX1K">
Harris has a big opportunity to help America confront some of its biggest ills. Her<a href="https://www.vox.com/identities/2020/8/14/21366307/kamala-harris-black-south-asian-indian-identity"> multiracial identity</a> will hopefully force America to, if not confront the racism that’s at the foundation of its division, then at least stretch the public’s understanding of race. Her identity as a woman will unlock possibilities for other women across the country and help young minds imagine new dreams.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iFYud1">
Harris’s swearing-in will redefine the power of representation, a power that she acknowledged last summer. At the Black Girls Lead Conference in August, she told the attendees, “There will be a resistance to your ambition. There will be people who say to you, ‘You are out of your lane,’ because they are burdened by only having the capacity to see what has always been instead of what can be. But don’t you let that burden you.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4rcr6T">
Harris’s swearing-in makes representation in America’s second-highest office visible, tangible, and so much more real.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DdHOa8">
“We have never had a vice president who was not a white man. By her very presence, Harris will shift the paradigm,” Kimberly Peeler-Allen, a co-founder of Higher Heights, an organization dedicated to increasing the political power of Black women, and visiting practitioner at the Center for American Women and Politics at Rutgers University, told Vox. “Biden has stated that he is looking for a real partner in governing. As that governing partner,<strong> </strong>Harris<strong> </strong>will draw on her full life experience as a Black woman in America and a law enforcement officer, a prosecutor, a diplomat, a legislator, to inform the decision-making process of the administration. This is a unique opportunity to uplift and draw focus to underrepresented, underresourced, and marginalized sectors of our society to create systemic change.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2OZ0Z2">
Howard University political science professor Niambi<strong> </strong>Carter agrees that Harris will likely be “more public-facing” than past vice presidents, since both the pandemic and the calls for racial justice have created a new sense of urgency. Harris has “a real opportunity to not only lay the groundwork for bold policymaking in this administration but maybe also in her own administration if she chooses to run. This is a moment where bold leadership will be needed,” Carter told Vox.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dIwiIR">
America has only had a few examples of Black women in such high positions — there’s never been a Black female governor, and only two Black women have held office in the US Senate, Carol Moseley Braun of Illinois and Harris.<strong> </strong>Harris made her commitment to improving communities of color clear while running for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2019. She advanced a <a href="https://www.vox.com/2019/7/29/8933257/kamala-harris-medicare-for-all-bernie-sanders-private-insurance">Medicare-for-all plan</a> and plans to help Black mothers, <a href="https://www.vox.com/2019/6/13/18663029/kamala-harris-dreamers-immigrants-citizenship">DREAMers</a>, and <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/06/us/politics/harris-essence-festival-2020-democrats.html">Black people held back by the homeownership gap</a>. But during a time when activists are calling for prison abolition and the abolishment of the police, many progressives also feel that because of her <a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/1/23/18184192/kamala-harris-president-campaign-criminal-justice-record">record as a prosecutor</a>, she has a long way to go on criminal justice reform. It will be up to her to meet that challenge.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iUGVhZ">
Harris is also taking office two weeks after insurrectionists<strong> </strong>violently scaled the Capitol scaffolding set up for the inauguration, casually replaced American flags with Confederate ones, and forcefully denied the outcome of the presidential election. White supremacy will likely never disappear, but her presence is a marker of defiance, a sign that there’s always been a steady resistance. The new vice president can spearhead the effort to pass anti-racist policies that can help reverse inequality in America.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Pmicpb">
A depopulated inauguration, surrounded by an armed camp, may be an ominous start to Harris’s vice presidency.<strong> </strong>Mothers who planned to accompany their daughters to the historic swearing-in will have to stay home. The National Mall, typically the site of smiling faces anticipating the inaugural parade, is instead decorated with flags that represent the millions of people who will be absent. The West side of the Capitol, which has been the site of the swearing-in for 40 years, is one of the few constants this year.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GOsXCr">
The pandemic has taught America that it can still stay connected — virtually. Years from now, we’ll remember watching, from afar, Howard University’s famed Showtime Marching Band escort Vice President Harris during the inaugural parade. We’ll remember seeing, through our screens, the first Latinx Supreme Court Justice, Sonia Sotomayor, swear in the first Black and South Asian American vice president with a Bible that belonged to Thurgood Marshall, the first Black Supreme Court justice.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="04M0L9">
Harris is aware that any joy over the new administration is flanked by anxiety ahead of the inauguration — and she doesn’t want that to ruin the moment.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="k1sSYF">
She addressed the country in a<a href="https://twitter.com/KamalaHarris/status/1351357788384014337"> video statement</a> on Monday, saying, “I know this Inauguration Day may look a little different from years past — a lot different. Let’s take a moment to celebrate, and then let’s get to work building the America we know is possible.”
</p>
<div id="A7oCj3">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Inauguration2021?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Inauguration2021</a> on Wednesday may look a little different from years past but it’s important we all take a moment to celebrate this historic moment. <a href="https://t.co/WZGnkadiwo">pic.twitter.com/WZGnkadiwo</a>
</p>
— Kamala Harris (<span class="citation">@KamalaHarris</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/KamalaHarris/status/1351357788384014337?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 19, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iC5pdu">
She also noted the hard work ahead for the nation. “Our country is on a path to heal and to rebuild. Of course, that doesn’t mean the road ahead is going to be easy. Our nation continues to face challenges from the coronavirus pandemic to this economic recession, from our climate crisis to a long-overdue reckoning with racial injustice, to healing and strengthening the democracy that we all cherish.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zl4KhV">
The pandemic, the Capitol riot, and racial justice are issues she is so far not running away from. She also can’t run away from the communities in Georgia, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Nevada, Wisconsin, and Arizona that ushered in a Biden-Harris victory.<strong> </strong>The swearing-in of Kamala Harris remains historic, despite the smoke of white supremacy that wishes to blur the country’s groundbreaking win.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dQnL0Y">
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QA9S70">
</p>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Facebook and Twitter made special world leader rules for Trump. What happens now?</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="President Donald J. Trump sits at a desk and looks at his phone." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/pAV00LgF4RZxL_G14xVb6UB_1jc=/0x0:4893x3670/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68693867/GettyImages_1223057458.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
President Trump is no longer allowed to use many of the apps on his phone. | Jabin Botsford/The Washington Post via Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Social media abuse from political figures isn’t just a Trump problem, and banning him won’t solve it.
</p>
<div class="c-float-left">
<figure class="e-image">
<pre><code> &lt;img alt="Open Sourced logo" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/lcj6gww0ZKRDdVz0qOCNWvVxgYw=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/19433750/open_sourced_story_logo.png" /&gt;</code></pre>
</figure>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="S369Xk">
Today would have been President Trump’s last day with the special privileges Facebook and Twitter grant to world leaders, which exempt their speech from many of the platforms’ rules. But Trump managed to violate even those platforms’ most permissive policies with posts that encouraged violence at the United States Capitol, getting him <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/22221543/twitter-suspended-trump-account-permanent-ban">kicked off</a> them (and <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/1/10/22223356/every-platform-that-banned-trump-twitter-facebook-snapchat-twitch">several others</a>) entirely. At least for now, anyway; Facebook and Twitter can, as they always have, change the rules they made up.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1J7hmD">
Trump’s ban came after years of the social media giants allowing him to push their limits, creating and adjusting their rules about world leaders to avoid having to take action against him — and to avoid positioning themselves as the arbiters of acceptable political speech. Citing the public interest and newsworthiness of almost anything world leaders had to say, Facebook and Twitter allowed them to break some of their rules. But not, as Trump discovered, all of them.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DhYP2Y">
Trump’s ban may have been in accordance with the platforms’ established policies, but deplatforming a world leader — especially <em>this</em> world leader — was still an extraordinary step. Twitter told Recode that Trump is the first head of state to be permanently suspended since the company’s 2019 world leaders policy <a href="https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2019/worldleaders2019.html">update</a>. Trump’s Twitter account is gone, along with all of his tweets. Facebook’s ban will definitely last until January 20 and is “indefinite” after that. His page is currently in a state of limbo: still up for all to see, but he’s not allowed to post anything on it.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6HBGwM">
Now that Facebook and Twitter have shown that they will set and enforce limits for the most powerful person in the world, it raises questions about how the companies will apply or change their policies for world leaders in the future, the relative harm or good their services have caused for democracy, and who they’ll deplatform next.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6yQ2Gv">
“I do agree with the decision [to ban Trump],” Deborah Brown, a senior researcher and digital rights advocate at Human Rights Watch, told Recode. “I don’t necessarily agree with how we got there.”
</p>
<h3 id="nNV0tR">
Trump said whatever he wanted on social media with codified impunity until the Trump problem became too big to ignore
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="faeQ9o">
Before Trump, social media platforms didn’t see the need for defined policies or special rules for world leaders. Adam Sharp, Twitter’s founding head of news, government, and elections from 2010 until the end of 2016, told Recode that he often had to convince political figures to use the platform, ideally in a personal or authentic way that would make their constituents feel more connected to them.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IXe2lN">
Trump would need no such convincing. He already used social media — <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/22170168/trump-twitter-social-media-presidency-aoc-biden">especially Twitter</a> — the way a lot of people did: to blast out his notions and whims, however unsavory, to whoever was willing to read them. Trump wasn’t dignified, he wasn’t diplomatic, and he saw no need to change his behavior when he ran for and then became president. But the platforms couldn’t have expected what would come next.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YgLj7m">
“I think there was an expectation that abuse would not be originating from these individuals,” Sharp said. “I can’t really fault anyone, five years ago, for not thinking, ‘Do we need a policy for what happens if the president of the United States promotes an insurrection against the United States?’”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dUQ8uh">
After Trump was elected, <a href="https://about.fb.com/news/2016/10/input-from-community-and-partners-on-our-community-standards/">Facebook</a> and <a href="https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2018/world-leaders-and-twitter.html">Twitter</a> came out with their policies on posts that they saw as “newsworthy” or of “public interest” — which was pretty much anything the president of the United States (or other world leaders) said on their platforms. This allowed him to threaten nuclear war with North Korea and call for a ban on all Muslims entering the United States.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5LsQi0">
Twitter became more restrictive in the latter half of Trump’s presidency, placing notices on tweets from political figures that broke its rules, as well as limiting their spread. In October 2019, Twitter again <a href="https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2019/worldleaders2019.html">laid out</a> its policies regarding world leaders, including what content was still subject to their terms of service — that is, the exemptions to the world leader exemptions. Here, Twitter noted that its policies may change depending on the “increasingly complex and polarized political culture.” The company also noted that “context matters” when it came to its decisions about threats of violence.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="K9pUi5">
By 2020, both platforms were starting to push back on Trump as the election neared and the coronavirus pandemic raged. When Trump played up the possibility of fraud in voting by mail and played down the severity of the coronavirus, both platforms finally acted: Twitter <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/5/26/21271210/twitter-fact-check-trump-tweets-mail-voting-fraud-rigged-election-misleading-statements">appended fact-checks</a> to misinformation about mail-in voting, and Facebook <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/8/5/21356348/trump-children-immune-covid-19-facebook-post-taken-down-misinformation-twitter">took down</a> Trump’s inaccurate post that children were immune to the coronavirus, for example. The platforms increasingly cracked down on other political figures’ posts, too. Inaccurate posts about the coronavirus from Brazil’s president Jair Bolsonaro and Venezuela’s president Nicolás Maduro were <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2020/3/30/21199845/twitter-tweets-brazil-venezuela-presidents-covid-19-coronavirus-jair-bolsonaro-maduro">pulled</a> last March.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Pzk6nF">
But the platforms avoided taking much — or any — action on Trump’s posts that promoted violence. In June, he posted “when the looting starts, the shooting starts!” in response to the George Floyd protests. Twitter kept the tweet up but <a href="https://twitter.com/TwitterComms/status/1266267446979129345">placed a notice</a> on it, while Facebook did nothing. CEO Mark Zuckerberg would <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/6/16/21293672/facebook-mark-zuckerberg-voting-registration-elections-political-misinformation">later say</a> that while he understood the desire to remove some politicians’ content, he still believed it was better that the public know what their leaders are saying.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="SRHKE0">
Then Trump lost the election, only to insist, frequently and aggressively, that he won it and encourage his supporters to act before his win was “stolen” from him. <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/11/13/technology-202-trump-will-have-new-rules-facebook-twitter-after-he-leaves-office/">Facebook and Twitter said</a> the world leader exemption would no longer apply to Trump once he left office, and likely counted down the days until their Trump problem solved itself. But Trump still managed to force the hands of platforms that dragged their feet to punish him.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4bF5Fw">
“This is not a change in policy — it’s a response to a specific situation based on risk,” Facebook told Recode of Trump’s ban. “We have established policies for dealing with praise of violence on the platform. They apply to all users around the world, including politicians.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Gnppmn">
“We made it clear going back years that these accounts are not above our rules and cannot use Twitter to incite violence,” Twitter told Recode. “We will continue to be transparent around our policies, how they evolve, how they are enforced.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FSIT7G">
Sharp has for years <a href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/opinion/donald-trump-twitter-1.4340762">defended</a> Twitter’s world leader policy, believing that it’s better for the world to see what its leaders have to say than for a private company to take on the job of sanitizing their timelines.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DpCxFx">
“If the emperor doesn’t have clothes, there should be a bright, burning-hot spotlight on it,” Sharp said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VYmhd5">
After the election, though, Sharp saw less of a case that Trump’s tweets informed his electorate, as the electorate had now made the informed decision to remove Trump from power. And Sharp now believes the same world leader status that made Trump exempt from many of Twitter’s rules also made his posts about the insurrection so uniquely destructive — and, therefore, finally actionable.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="lxc5ns">
During and after the Capitol riots, Trump continued to push his narrative that the election was stolen from him and refused to condemn his supporters’ actions, and Facebook and Twitter responded by banning him temporarily, and then indefinitely. After all the words that Trump put on Twitter and Facebook, his ban came down to what was between the lines. His posts, on their face, were actually fairly tame by Trump standards. But the context around them — as well as the possibility that he would use their platforms to incite more violence — was what Twitter and Facebook took into account when making their decision to deplatform Trump.
</p>
<h3 id="gaI5Be">
Twitter and Facebook made the rules and finally enforced them. What happens next?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3aMFsy">
Trump’s social media exile was applauded by many, but some were also concerned that it could pave the way for deplatforming other world leaders or political speech — and that these decisions would be made by a few private companies with a demonstrably incredible amount of control and influence.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Y2k2zt">
If Trump can get banned from Twitter and Facebook, it stands to reason that any world leader can be, too. But it’s not yet clear if the platforms will change their policies or how aggressively they will enforce them now. Two world leaders that are widely seen as likely to be banned — or who some think should be the next to be banned — are Bolsonaro and Iran’s Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WkgwL0">
Bolsonaro, who has modeled his presidency on Trump’s and has run afoul of Twitter’s and Facebook’s rules, seems to be preparing for the possibility. After Trump was banned, Bolsonaro <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-12/bolsonaro-eyes-alternative-to-twitter-facebook-after-trump-ban">encouraged</a> his Twitter and Facebook followers to follow him on Telegram. Khamenei, whose unverified accounts post Holocaust denials and call for the destruction of Israel, is frequently held up as an example of Twitter’s and Facebook’s double standards when they regulate Trump’s speech. Khamenei remains on the platforms — which his own people don’t have access to, as Twitter and Facebook are banned in Iran — but Twitter recently removed one of his tweets promoting coronavirus misinformation, and <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Khamenei.en/posts/250549846490058">according to Khamenei</a>, Facebook removed the Arabic-language version of his page (he’s since made a new one).
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jJdsLM">
<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2021/jan/17/trump-social-media-ban-jair-bolsonaro-narendra-modi">Several world leaders</a> have meanwhile criticized social media companies’ banning of Trump. Germany’s Angela Merkel <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/angela-merkel-calls-trump-twitter-ban-problematic/a-56197684">called it</a> “problematic” to freedom of opinion, while Mexico’s Andrés Manuel López Obrador, who has <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/11/10/amlo-not-congratulating-biden-similarities-to-trump/">called the results</a> of his own election defeats into question, <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/mexico-leader-condemns-twitter-facebook-for-blocking-trump/2021/01/07/e454ed32-514f-11eb-a1f5-fdaf28cfca90_story.html">said</a> he didn’t agree with the idea of private companies punishing speech.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="y1Zg49">
“It should concern everyone when companies like Facebook and Twitter wield the unchecked power to remove people from platforms that have become indispensable for the speech of billions — especially when political realities make those decisions easier,” American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) senior legislative counsel Kate Ruane said in a statement. “It is our hope that these companies will apply their rules transparently to everyone.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pfAzo0">
Civil and digital rights advocates hope that the platforms will use this as an opportunity to examine how they police political speech and the significant role their services play in the world, where they’ve been <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2017/12/could-facebook-be-tried-for-war-crimes/548639/">weaponized</a> against certain groups, platformed several countries’ <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/24/us/politics/facebook-russia-networks.html">disinformation campaigns</a>, and become a <a href="https://www.wired.com/2016/03/isis-winning-social-media-war-heres-beat/">recruitment tool</a> for terrorists. When Facebook and Twitter did act to stop some of these abuses of their platforms, they often came too late and after ignoring plenty of warning.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9oau5t">
“From my perspective, this raises larger questions around how platforms deal with the speech of politicians,” said Brown of Human Rights Watch. “This shows the need to rethink these policies, to look at whether giving politicians so much free rein to violate policies is actually contributing to harm, and looking at the dynamics in the different countries or people using their platforms.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fG1Lxa">
Brown said she hoped the platforms would do this proactively, rather than reactively. And she hopes that <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/23/world/asia/cambodia-facebook-disinformation.html">lesser</a>-<a href="https://twitter.com/HKigwangalla/status/758689271528194049">known</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/HKigwangalla/status/831585792933888002">instances</a> of <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/24/world/asia/junius-ho-hong-kong-protests.html">social media abuse</a> by political figures are addressed along with the high-profile ones.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1Uiaf6">
Before banning Trump, Twitter and Facebook announced initiatives that acknowledged their platforms’ significant role in the world and the importance of their moderation decisions. Facebook’s independent oversight board, two years in the making, is now <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/10/22/21528859/facebook-oversight-board-mark-zuckerberg">up and running</a> and accepting appeals of Facebook’s content moderation decisions from users. (Who knows? Maybe Trump will submit one.) Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey, in a <a href="https://twitter.com/jack/status/1349510784620003330">long thread</a> about Trump’s ban, which he called a “failure ... to promote healthy conversation,” pointed to Twitter’s effort called “<a href="https://twitter.com/bluesky">bluesky</a>” to develop some kind of “standard” for internet conversation that Twitter would follow but which would also “take <a href="https://twitter.com/jack/status/1204766095246118912">many years</a> to develop.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tjBQCq">
Twitter has also <a href="https://help.twitter.com/en/rules-and-policies/election-integrity-policy">updated</a> its civic integrity policy and temporarily <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/17/politics/marjorie-taylor-greene-twitter/index.html">suspended</a> QAnon <a href="https://www.npr.org/2020/08/12/901628541/qanon-supporter-who-made-bigoted-videos-wins-ga-primary-likely-heading-to-congre">supporter</a> Rep. Marjorie Taylor Green (R-GA), who frequently tweets election misinformation, for violating it.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qjZmSw">
In an ideal world, Twitter and Facebook wouldn’t be left to make these decisions at all. Democratically elected world leaders wouldn’t spend the aftermath of their election losses fomenting dissent among their supporters and tacitly approving their violent uprisings, and they wouldn’t be enabled by the people and institutions that are supposed to keep them in check.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="G76ZCP">
“The promise that I and others believed in, of Twitter as a tool for world leaders to be closer to their electorates, to have a more direct and tangible relationship with their constituents than ever before — no one has proven that promise more effectively than Donald Trump,” Sharp told Recode. “And no one has perverted it to do more harm than Donald Trump.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2caEuO">
Facebook and Twitter are in an impossible situation, but it’s one they created for themselves. And they also get to decide what comes next.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mAvuEA">
<a href="http://www.vox.com/open-sourced"><em>Open Sourced</em></a><em> is made possible by Omidyar Network. All Open Sourced content is editorially independent and produced by our journalists.</em>
</p>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Donald Trump just issued a surprise pardon for the man at the center of an epic fight between Google and Uber</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="Ex-Uber Engineer Accused Of Stealing From Google’s Waymo Self Driving Car Project Appears In Court" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/cvXNJwTT18fOAaFe-QE-34_B9Rw=/0x0:3864x2898/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68693363/1176871830.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The full pardon of Anthony Levandowski came out of nowhere.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8j8GWx">
In one of his final acts as President, Donald Trump early on Wednesday morning suddenly pardoned the engineer at the center of an iconic, litigious, and years-long conflict between Uber, Google, and federal prosecutors over the technology for self-driving cars.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CnsHzz">
Encouraged by some of his highest-profile backers in Silicon Valley, such as venture capitalist Peter Thiel, Trump issued the surprise full pardon to Anthony Levandowski, a former Google executive who had decamped to work for Uber. Levandowski was last year sentenced to 18 months in prison after <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/2019/8/27/20835498/anthony-levandowski-uber-waymo-google-indictment-self-driving-cars">pleading guilty to stealing trade secrets from Google that</a> he then used to help Uber in the self-driving race.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HW97Yx">
The announcement came as a shock for several reasons: One was that the news that Levandowski was seeking a pardon had not previously been reported. Another was that it was yet another twist in a legal saga that went on for years — in addition to the federal conviction, Google’s self-driving arm, Waymo, at one point sued Uber in <a href="https://www.vox.com/2018/2/9/16993598/uber-waymo-alphabet-self-driving-settle-lawsuit-245-million-payout">a messy legal case before reaching a settlement.</a> Finally, the thinking was, the matter was basically resolved.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NZy7AA">
And the final reason making the news so surprising was the cast of characters that the White House said pushed for Levandowski’s full pardon. In addition to Thiel — who was once Trump’s most prominent backer in Silicon Valley — Levandowski’s supporters in his pardon quest included Palmer Luckey, the founder of the virtual-reality company Oculus and a major Trump campaign donor; Michael Ovitz, the legendary founder of the Hollywood talent giant CAA; and other investors and executives tied to Thiel, such as <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/2019/10/2/20895940/blake-masters-us-senate-run-arizona-martha-mcsally-donald-trump">one of his top aides, Blake Masters.</a>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xNUFLT">
“Mr. Levandowski is an American entrepreneur who led Google’s efforts to create self-driving technology. Mr. Levandowski pled guilty to a single criminal count arising from civil litigation,” the White House said in its statement. “Notably, his sentencing judge called him a “brilliant, groundbreaking engineer that our country needs.” Mr. Levandowski has paid a significant price for his actions and plans to devote his talents to advance the public good.”
</p>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Steve Smith's contract not renewed by Rajasthan Royals ahead of IPL-14</strong> - Under Smith's captaincy, the inaugural edition champions finished last in the last IPL in the U.A.E.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Cricket Australia lauds India for epic Test series win; thanks BCCI for sacrifices to make it a success</strong> - The CA officials said that the BCCI's cooperation was crucial to making the tour a hit. The series gave the financially struggling CA a major boost with an expected revenue of 300 million Australian dollars</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Warne predicts ‘huge fallout’ in Australian team after series loss to India</strong> - Warne was, however, effusive in his praise for the Indian team which braved injuries to its key players and absence of regular skipper Virat Kohli after the first Test on paternity leave to emerge triumphant</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Harbhajan says IPL contract with CSK has ended</strong> - Veteran Indian off-spinner Harbhajan Singh on Wednesday said his contract with IPL franchise Chennai Super Kings has ended, bringing to a conclusion h</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>At 13th spot, Pant is now world's best-ranked keeper in Tests</strong> - India's Rishabh Pant became the top-ranked wicket-keeper batsman in the world after his sensational series-winning 89-run knock in the Brisbane matc</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ensure continuous supply of ration to tribal people</strong> - HC tells govt. to construct road to facilitate this</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Supreme Court rejects pleas seeking review of 2018 Aadhaar verdict</strong> - The Aadhaar Bill was certified as a money bill which enabled the government to get it cleared without getting the assent of a majority in Rajya Sabha</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Supreme Court directs free education to minor children of rape victim</strong> - It has also ordered the Deputy Commissioner of Ranchi to consider the case of the petitioner for a house under Prime Minister Awas Yojna or any other Central or State Scheme.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>PIL plea wants voting via EVMs for those on poll duty</strong> - ‘It will avoid difficulties in casting votes, ensure high polling percentage’</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>‘Establish Advocates Training Academy in T.N.’</strong> - PIL plea also wants seminars, talks on legal topics organised</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Navalny video: Putin palace claims reach millions for jailed critic</strong> - The jailed opposition figure alleges the property was paid for "with the largest bribe in history".</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Greece #Metoo: Women ending silence of sport abuse shake Greece</strong> - The decision by ex-champion Sofia Bekatorou to describe how she was assaulted leads to a #Metoo moment.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Biden inauguration: EU's von der Leyen welcomes 'friend in White House'</strong> - European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen says the EU is ready for a new start with the US.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Audi to make electric cars with China's oldest carmaker FAW</strong> - FAW counts Red Flag limousines, used by China's communist party leaders, among its products.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Italy PM Conte wins crucial Senate vote to stay in power</strong> - But Giuseppe Conte lacks an absolute majority in the Senate and the row over his future continues.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>CentOS is gone—but RHEL is now free for up to 16 production servers</strong> - RHEL is now free for dev teams, and it's even free in production for up to 16 systems. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1736246">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Qualcomm repackages last year’s flagship SoC as the “Snapdragon 870”</strong> - Qualcomm recycles the Snapdragon 865+, now with a 3 percent clock boost. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1736192">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Fired former data scientist Rebekah Jones arrested, tests positive for COVID-19</strong> - State accuses her of unauthorized access to its computer systems. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1736147">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Trump’s Clean Power Plan replacement gets thrown out by a court</strong> - Biden administration can start afresh without need to revisit existing EPA rules. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1736209">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Today’s best tech deals: Lots of Switch games, Fire HD tablets, and more</strong> - Dealmaster also has deals on <em>Hitman 3</em>, Roomba vacuums, and the iPad Air. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1736072">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>A math teacher welcomed a new French exchange student into her class and then started teaching a lesson on fractions.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The French exchange student raised his hand and said, "Excuse me Madam, but I don't know how to say fractions. How do you say those?"
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
"Easy," said the teacher, "you just say the top number and then the bottom number is read as an ordinal number. For example, 2/3 is 'two-thirds', 3/4 is 'three-fourths', and 2/5 is 'two-fifths'."
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
"Thanks, I understand, "said the exchange student.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
"Good," said the teacher, and then asked the student, "so how do you say 4/8?"
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
"Should I reduce?" asked the boy.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
"That would be best," said the teacher.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
"One-second," said the boy.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
"Take as long as you need," said the teacher.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/AFKOIC"> /u/AFKOIC </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/l0xk53/a_math_teacher_welcomed_a_new_french_exchange/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/l0xk53/a_math_teacher_welcomed_a_new_french_exchange/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>The Nude Gambler</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Two bored casino dealers were waiting at a craps table. A Very attractive blonde woman arrived and bet twenty thousand Dollars on a single roll of the dice. She said, “I hope you don’t Mind, but I feel much luckier when I’m completely nude.” With that, she stripped from her neck down, rolled the dice And yelled, “Mama needs new clothes!” Then she Hollered…”YES! YES! I WON! I WON!” She jumped up and Down and hugged each of the dealers. She then picked up all The money and her clothes and quickly departed. The dealers just stared at each other dumbfounded. Finally, One of them asked, “What did she roll?” The other answered, “I don’t know, I thought YOU were watching!
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/TrustedChimp495"> /u/TrustedChimp495 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/l0woxx/the_nude_gambler/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/l0woxx/the_nude_gambler/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>I can't believe how everybody's freaking out over that guy stealing Nancy Pelosi's podium.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
He was clearly just taking a political stand.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/CIMMGW"> /u/CIMMGW </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/l0ylhh/i_cant_believe_how_everybodys_freaking_out_over/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/l0ylhh/i_cant_believe_how_everybodys_freaking_out_over/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>My wife: You need to do more chores around the house.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Me: Can we change the subject?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
My wife: Ok, more chores around the house need to be done by you.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/porichoygupto"> /u/porichoygupto </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/l0iemt/my_wife_you_need_to_do_more_chores_around_the/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/l0iemt/my_wife_you_need_to_do_more_chores_around_the/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>If you lose one of your senses, your other sense are enhanced.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
This is why people with no sense of humour have a heightened sense of self-importance.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Mr_1nsomniac"> /u/Mr_1nsomniac </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/l0hw5s/if_you_lose_one_of_your_senses_your_other_sense/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/l0hw5s/if_you_lose_one_of_your_senses_your_other_sense/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
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