navan
/
Daily-Dose
mirror of https://github.com/navanchauhan/Daily-Dose.git
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Added daily report

This commit is contained in:
Navan Chauhan 2023-10-01 12:42:16 +00:00
parent ff00da1b77
commit 3766642c8d
3 changed files with 669 additions and 2 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

186
archive-covid-19/01 October, 2023.html Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="" xml:lang="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<meta content="pandoc" name="generator"/>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes" name="viewport"/>
<title>01 October, 2023</title>
<style>
code{white-space: pre-wrap;}
span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;}
span.underline{text-decoration: underline;}
div.column{display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;}
div.hanging-indent{margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em;}
ul.task-list{list-style: none;}
</style>
<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
<body>
<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Now You See Me, Now You Don’t: Student Engagement, Student Instructor Relationship and Webcam Use in Synchronous Courses</strong> -
<div>
One of the changes brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic was compulsory online learning, the success of which partly depends on feelings of belongingness and connectedness that are enhanced when students use a webcam. While there is ample research on online learning, webcam use is underexplored. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between student engagement, webcam use (WU), and student-instructor relationship (SIR). It was hypothesized that that student engagement would be positively correlated with WU and SIR would mediate this relationship. Females were expected to report higher WU frequency than males. Differences in WU between a private and public institution were also explored. An online survey was administered to 63 undergraduate students from private and public institutions in Greece. Students completed the University Student Engagement Inventory, and the Instructor connectedness and anxiety subscales from the Student-Instructor Relationship Scale. There was a positive correlation between student engagement and WU, while SIR did not mediate the relationship. The hypothesis regarding gender differences was not supported. Webcam use frequency was higher among private college students. The aim of the study was to shed light to the new learning circumstances and identify possible factors that are related to student engagement.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/ky2r7/" target="_blank">Now You See Me, Now You Don’t: Student Engagement, Student Instructor Relationship and Webcam Use in Synchronous Courses</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Pathology and Anticatalysis treatment of exacerbated COVID-19</strong> -
<div>
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces various systemic coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19). Its pathophysiologies involve 1 the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway, 2 Neuropilins (NRPs) Pathway, 3 The sterile alpha motif (SAM) and histi-dine-aspartate domain (HD)-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) tetramerization pathway 4 Inflammasome ac-tivation pathways, 5 Cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) (cGAS–STING) signaling pathway, 6 Spike protein pathway, and 7 Immunological memory en-gram pathway. COVID-19 exacerbates immune-mediated diseases whose metabolisms use 1. ACE2, TLR4 in the brain, 2. SAMHD1 tetramerization and cGAS–STING-NLRP3 signaling, 3. inflammasome–spike protein–genetic activation, and 4. innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) with NRPs. Immune triad: Aspirin, Dapsone, and Dexamethasone to treat COVID-19 have worked harmoniously with modulating ILCs. Therefore, it is necessary to prescribe this triad to alleviate and block the pathologic course due to diverse and subsequent SARS-CoV-2 variants.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/t9wjz/" target="_blank">Pathology and Anticatalysis treatment of exacerbated COVID-19</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Protective non-neutralizing mAbs targets conserved opsonic epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 variants</strong> -
<div>
Antibodies play a central role in the immune defense against SARS-CoV-2. Strong evidence has shown that non-neutralizing antibodies (nnAbs) are important for anti-SARS-Cov-2 immunity through Fc-mediated effector functions. These nnAbs bind to epitopes that could be less subjected to mutations in the emerging variants. When protective, such nnAbs would constitute a more promising alternative to neutralizing mAbs (nAbs). Here, we show that six nnAbs retain binding to Omicron, while two nAbs do not. Furthermore, two of our nnAbs, which are protective in vivo, retained binding to XBB, XBB.1.5, and BQ.1.1. They appear to bind to conserved epitopes on the N-terminal and receptor binding domain (RBD), respectively. As a proof of concept, we show that these protective non-neutralizing antibodies retain potent Fc-mediated opsonic function against BQ.1.1 and XBB. We also show that the Fc-mediated function is further enhanced by expressing the antibodies in the IgG3 subclass and combining them into a dual antibody cocktail. Our work suggests that opsonizing nnAbs could be a viable strategy for anti-SARS-CoV-2 mAb therapies against current and future SARS-CoV-2 variants.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.29.560084v1" target="_blank">Protective non-neutralizing mAbs targets conserved opsonic epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 variants</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Contributions of hyperactive mutations in Mpro from SARS-CoV-2 to drug resistance</strong> -
<div>
The appearance and spread of mutations that cause drug resistance in rapidly evolving diseases, including infections by SARS-CoV-2 virus, are major concerns for human health. Many drugs target enzymes, and resistant mutations impact inhibitor binding and/or enzyme activity. The most widely used inhibitors currently used to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections, including nirmatrelvir, target the main protease (Mpro) preventing it from processing viral polyproteins into active subunits. Previous work has systematically analyzed resistance mutations in Mpro that reduce binding to inhibitors, and here we investigate mutations that affect enzyme function. Hyperactive mutations that increase Mpro activity can contribute to drug resistance both directly by requiring elevated inhibitor concentrations to reduce function to critical levels and indirectly by increasing tolerance to mutations that reduce both substrate turnover and inhibitor binding. We comprehensively assessed how all possible individual mutations in Mpro affect enzyme function using a mutational scanning approach with a FRET-based yeast readout. We identified hundreds of mutations that significantly increased Mpro activity. Hyperactive mutations occurred both proximal and distal to the active site, consistent with protein stability and/or dynamics impacting activity. Hyperactive mutations were observed three times more than mutations that reduced apparent binding to nirmatrelvir in laboratory grown viruses selected for drug resistance and were also about three times more prevalent than nirmatrelvir binding mutations in sequenced isolates from circulating SARS-CoV-2. Our findings indicate that hyperactive mutations are likely to contribute to the natural evolution of drug resistance in Mpro and provide a comprehensive list for future surveillance efforts.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.28.560010v1" target="_blank">Contributions of hyperactive mutations in Mpro from SARS-CoV-2 to drug resistance</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Discovery of First-in-Class PROTAC Degraders of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease</strong> -
<div>
We have witnessed three coronavirus (CoV) outbreaks in the past two decades, including the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. Main protease (MPro) is a highly conserved and essential protease that plays key roles in viral replication and pathogenesis among various CoVs, representing one of the most attractive drug targets for antiviral drug development. Traditional antiviral drug development strategies focus on the pursuit of high-affinity binding inhibitors against MPro. However, this approach often suffers from issues such as toxicity, drug resistance, and a lack of broad-spectrum efficacy. Targeted protein degradation represents a promising strategy for developing next-generation antiviral drugs to combat infectious diseases. Here we leverage the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology to develop a new class of small-molecule antivirals that induce the degradation of SARS-CoV-2 MPro. Our previously developed MPro inhibitors MPI8 and MPI29 were used as MPro ligands to conjugate a CRBN E3 ligand, leading to compounds that can both inhibit and degrade SARS-CoV-2 MPro. Among them, MDP2 was demonstrated to effectively reduce MPro protein levels in 293T cells (DC50 = 296 nM), relying on a time-dependent, CRBN-mediated, and proteasome-driven mechanism. Furthermore, MPD2 exhibited remarkable efficacy in diminishing MPro protein levels in SARS-CoV-2-infected A549-ACE2 cells, concurrently demonstrating potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity (EC50 = 492 nM). This proof-of-concept study highlights the potential of PROTAC-mediated targeted protein degradation of MPro as an innovative and promising approach for COVID-19 drug discovery.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.29.560163v1" target="_blank">Discovery of First-in-Class PROTAC Degraders of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The Role of ATP Hydrolysis and Product Release in the Translocation Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 NSP13</strong> -
<div>
In response to the emergence of COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, there has been a growing interest in understanding the functional mechanisms of the viral proteins to aid in the development of new therapeutics. Non-structural protein 13 (Nsp13) helicase is an attractive target for antivirals because it is essential for viral replication and has a low mutation rate; yet, the structural mechanisms by which this enzyme binds and hydrolyzes ATP to cause unidirectional RNA translocation remain elusive. Using Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics (GaMD), we generated a comprehensive conformational ensemble of all substrate states along the ATP-dependent cycle. ShapeGMM clustering of the protein yields four protein conformations that describe an opening and closing of both the ATP pocket and RNA cleft. This opening and closing is achieved through a combination of conformational selection and induction along the ATP cycle. Furthermore, three protein-RNA conformations are observed that implicate motifs Ia, IV, and V as playing a pivotal role in an ATP-dependent inchworm translocation mechanism. Finally, based on a linear discriminant analysis of protein conformations, we identify L405 as a pivotal residue for the opening and closing mechanism and propose a L405D mutation as a way of testing our proposed mechanism. This research enhances our understanding of nsp13's role in viral replication and could contribute to the development of antiviral strategies.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.28.560057v1" target="_blank">The Role of ATP Hydrolysis and Product Release in the Translocation Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 NSP13</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Network-based integrative multi-omics approach reveals biosignatures specific to COVID-19 disease phases.</strong> -
<div>
Background: COVID-19 disease is characterized by a spectrum of disease phases (mild, moderate, and severe). Each disease phase is marked by changes in omics profiles with corresponding changes in the expression of features (biosignatures). However, integrative analysis of multiple omics data from different experiments across studies to investigate biosignatures at various disease phases is limited. Exploring an integrative multi-omics profile analysis through a network approach could be used to determine biosignatures associated with specific disease phases and enable the examination of the relationships between the biosignatures. Aim: To identify and characterize biosignatures underlying various COVID-19 disease phases in an integrative multi-omics data analysis. Method: We leveraged the correlation network approach to integrate transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and lipidomics data. The World Health Organization (WHO) Ordinal Scale (WOS) was used as a disease severity reference to harmonize COVID-19 patient metadata across two studies with independent data. A unified COVID-19 knowledge graph was constructed by assembling a disease-specific interactome from the literature and databases. Disease-state omics-specific graphs were constructed by integrating multi-omics data with the unified COVID-19 knowledge graph. We expanded on the network layers of multiXrank, a random walk with restart on multilayer network algorithm, to explore disease state omics-specific graphs and perform enrichment analysis. Results: Network analysis revealed the biosignatures involved in inducing chemokines and inflammatory responses as hubs in the severe and moderate disease phases. We observed more shared biosignatures between severe and moderate disease phases as compared to mild-moderate and mild-severe disease phases. We further identified both biosignatures that discriminate between the disease states and interactions between biosignatures that are either common between or associated with COVID-19 disease phases. Interestingly, cross-layer interactions between different omics profiles increased with disease severity. Conclusion: This study identified both biosignatures of different omics types enriched in disease-related pathways and their associated interactions that are either common between or unique to mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19. These biosignatures include molecular features that underlie the observed clinical heterogeneity of COVID-19 and emphasize the need for disease-phase-specific treatment strategies. In addition, the approach implemented here can be used for other diseases.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.29.560110v1" target="_blank">Network-based integrative multi-omics approach reveals biosignatures specific to COVID-19 disease phases.</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Childhood Adversity and COVID-19 Outcomes: Findings from the UK Biobank</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Objectives. To investigate the association between childhood adversity and COVID-19-related hospitalization and COVID-19-related mortality in the UK Biobank. Design. Cohort study. Setting. United Kingdom. Participants. 151,200 participants in the UK Biobank cohort who had completed the Childhood Trauma Screen, were alive at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic (01-10-2021), and were still active in the UK Biobank when hospitalization and mortality data were most recently updated (11-2021). Main outcome measures. COVID-19-related hospitalization and COVID-19-related mortality. Results. Higher self-reports of childhood adversity were related to greater likelihood of COVID-19-related hospitalization in all statistical models. In models adjusted for age, ethnicity, and sex, childhood adversity was associated with an OR of 1.228 of hospitalization (95% CI=1.155 to 1.31, Childhood Adversity z=6.51, p&lt;0.005) and an OR of 1.25 of a COVID-19 related death (95% CI=1.11 to 1.425, Childhood Adversity z=3.53, p&lt;0.005). Adjustment for potential confounds attenuated these associations, although associations remained statistically significant. Conclusions. Childhood adversity was significantly associated with COVID-19-related hospitalization and COVID-19-related mortality after adjusting for sociodemographic and health confounders. Further research is needed to clarify the biological and psychosocial processes underlying these associations to inform public health intervention and prevention strategies to minimize COVID-19 disparities.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.03.20.23287479v2" target="_blank">Childhood Adversity and COVID-19 Outcomes: Findings from the UK Biobank</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Comparison of immunity induced by Omicron breakthrough infection versus monovalent SARS-CoV-2 intramuscular booster reveals differences in mucosal and systemic antibody responses</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Our understanding of the quality of cellular and humoral immunity conferred by COVID-19 vaccination alone versus vaccination plus SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough (BT) infection remains incomplete. While the current (2023) SARS-CoV-2 immune landscape of Canadians is complex, in late 2021 most Canadians had either just received a third dose of COVID-19 vaccine, or had received their two dose primary series and then experienced an Omicron BT. Herein we took advantage of this coincident timing to contrast cellular and humoral immunity conferred by three doses of vaccine versus two doses plus BT. Our results show that mild BT infection induces cell-mediated immune responses to variants comparable to an intramuscular vaccine booster dose. In contrast, BT subjects had higher salivary IgG and IgA levels against the Omicron Spike and enhanced reactivity to the ancestral Spike for the IgA isotype, which also reacted with SARS-CoV-1. Serum neutralizing antibody levels against the ancestral strain and the variants were also higher after BT infection. Our results support the need for mucosal vaccines to emulate the enhanced mucosal and humoral immunity induced by Omicron without exposing individuals to the risks associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.22.23295541v2" target="_blank">Comparison of immunity induced by Omicron breakthrough infection versus monovalent SARS-CoV-2 intramuscular booster reveals differences in mucosal and systemic antibody responses</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Measuring and increasing rates of self-isolation in the context of infectious diseases: A systematic review with narrative synthesis</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background: Self-isolation was used to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and will likely be used in future infectious disease outbreaks. Method: We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA and SWiM guidelines. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science, PsyArXiv, medRxiv, and grey literature sources were searched (1 January 2020 to 13 December 2022) using terms related to COVID-19, isolation, and adherence. Studies were included if they contained original, quantitative data of self-isolation adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic. We extracted definitions of self-isolation, measures used to quantify adherence, adherence rates, and factors associated with adherence. The review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022377820). Findings: We included 45 studies. Self-isolation was inconsistently defined. Only four studies did not use self-report to measure adherence. Of 41 studies using self-report measures, only one reported reliability; another gave indirect evidence for a lack of validity of the measure. Rates of adherence to self-isolation ranged from 0% to 100%. There was little evidence that self-isolation adherence was associated with socio-demographic or psychological factors. Interpretation: There was no consensus in defining, operationalising, or measuring self-isolation. Only one study presented evidence of the psychometric properties of the measure highlighting the significant risk of bias in included studies. This, and the dearth of scientifically rigorous studies evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to increase self-isolation adherence, is a fundamental gap in the literature. Funding: This study was funded by Research England Policy Support Fund 2022-23; authors were supported by the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.29.23296339v1" target="_blank">Measuring and increasing rates of self-isolation in the context of infectious diseases: A systematic review with narrative synthesis</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The RAPID Survey Platform: A Tool for Child and Family-Centered Systems-Minded Design</strong> -
<div>
This article introduced how a novel survey tool - the RAPID survey platform - was conceived out of the COVID-19 pandemic as a way to document the strengths and challenges facing young children, their parents, and other adults in their lives. It is also a narrative about how this tool has subsequently evolved into an easy-to-use and effective method for eliciting community voices to be heard as a means to inform early childhood policy, practice, systems change, and science. In this article, we described the RAPID survey platform as a tool for such systematic examinations of pandemic influences on the “COVID generation” young children. We started by describing the overarching structure of RAPID. We then introduced the key design principles of this survey platform and discussed the insights gleaned from examining surveys from the RAPID national household and ECE provider workforce. Next, we shifted to describing how RAPID has evolved into a scalable tool that transcends the pandemic and documenting how local RAPID Community Voices surveys are being sought out by a growing number of communities and states in the US and elsewhere. These communities are determined to adopt data-driven approaches and leverage information on the strengths, needs, and aspirations of adults in the lives of young children to redesign or improve the existing ECD systems.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/zdb2p/" target="_blank">The RAPID Survey Platform: A Tool for Child and Family-Centered Systems-Minded Design</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Decision support system to evaluate VENTilation in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Rationale. The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) shows significant heterogeneity in responsiveness to changes in mechanical ventilation and lacks personalisation. Objectives. Investigate the clinical efficacy of a physiologic-based ventilatory decision support system (DSS) on ARDS patients. Methods. An international, multi-centre, randomized, open-label study enrolling patients with ARDS during the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary outcome was to detect a reduction in average driving pressure between groups. Secondary outcomes included several clinically relevant measures of respiratory physiology, ventilator free days; time from control mode to support mode; number of changes in ventilator settings per day; percentage of time in control and support mode ventilation; ventilation related and device related adverse events; and number of times the advice is followed. Measurements and Main Results. 95 patients were randomized to this study. The DSS showed was no effect in the average driving pressure between arms. Patients in the intervention arm had statistically improved oxygenation index when in support mode ventilation (-1.41, 95% CI: -2.76, -0.08; p=0.0370). Ventilatory ratio was also significantly improved in the intervention arm for patients in control mode ventilation (-0.63, 95% CI: -1.08, -0.17, p= 0.0068). The application of the DSS resulted in a significantly increased number of ventilator changes for pressure settings and respiratory frequency. Conclusions. The application of a physiological model-based decision support system for advice on mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ARDS showed that application of about 60% of advice improved physiological state, despite no significant difference in driving pressure as a primary outcome measure.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.28.23295668v1" target="_blank">Decision support system to evaluate VENTilation in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Influence of age, sex, body habitus, vaccine type and anti-S serostatus on cellular and humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Vaccine development targeting SARS-CoV-2 in 2020 was of critical importance in reducing COVID-19 severity and mortality. In the U.K. during the initial roll-out most individuals either received two doses of Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2) or the adenovirus-based vaccine from Oxford/AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-nCoV-19). There are conflicting data as to the impact of age, sex and body habitus on cellular and humoral responses to vaccination, and most studies in this area have focused on determinants of mRNA vaccine immunogenicity. Here we studied a cohort of participants in a population-based longitudinal study (COVIDENCE UK) to determine the influence of age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and pre-vaccination anti-Spike (anti-S) antibody status on vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immune responses to two doses of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx-n-CoV-19 vaccination. Younger age and pre-vaccination anti-S seropositivity were both associated with stronger antibody responses to vaccination. BNT162b2 generated higher neutralising and anti-S antibody titres to vaccination than ChAdOx1-nCoV-19, but cellular responses to the two vaccines were no different. Irrespective of vaccine type, increasing age was also associated with decreased frequency of cytokine double-positive CD4+ T cells. Increasing BMI was associated with reduced frequency of SARS-CoV-2-specific TNF+ CD8% T cells for both vaccines. Together, our findings demonstrate that increasing age and BMI associate with attenuated cellular and humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Whilst both vaccines induced T cell responses, BNT162b2 induced significantly elevated humoral immune response as compared to ChAdOx-n-CoV-19.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.29.23296222v1" target="_blank">Influence of age, sex, body habitus, vaccine type and anti-S serostatus on cellular and humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>COVID-related Excess Missed HIV Diagnoses in the United States in 2021: Follow-up to 2020</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Objective: COVID-19 and related disruptions led to a significant drop in HIV diagnoses in the US in 2020. Recent analyses found 18% fewer diagnoses than expected among persons with HIV (PWH) acquiring infection in 2019 or earlier, suggesting that the drop in diagnoses cannot be attributed solely to decreased transmission. This analysis evaluates the progress made towards closing the 2020 diagnosis deficit in 2021. Methods: We apply modified versions of previously developed methods analyzing 2021 diagnosis data from the National HIV Surveillance System to determine whether the 2021 diagnosis levels of PWH infected pre-2020 are above or below the projected pre-COVID trends. We apply these analyses on stratifications based on assigned sex at birth, transmission group, geographic region, and race/ethnicity. Results: In 2021, HIV diagnoses returned to pre-COVID levels among all PWH acquiring infection 2011-19. Among Hispanic/Latino PWH and males, diagnoses returned to pre-COVID levels. White PWH, men who have sex with men, and PWH living in the south and northeast showed higher-than-expected levels of diagnosis in 2021. For the remaining populations, there were fewer HIV diagnoses in 2021 than expected. Conclusions: While overall diagnoses returned to pre-COVID levels, the large diagnosis gap observed in 2020 remained unclosed at the end of 2021. Lower than expected diagnosis levels among certain populations indicates that COVID-19 related disruptions to HIV diagnosis trends were present in 2021. Although some groups showed higher-than-projected levels of diagnoses, such increases were smaller than the corresponding 2020 decreases. Expanded testing programs designed to close these gaps are essential.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.28.23296285v1" target="_blank">COVID-related Excess Missed HIV Diagnoses in the United States in 2021: Follow-up to 2020</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The more symptoms the better? Covid-19 vaccine side effects and long-term neutralizing antibody response</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Protection against SARS-CoV-2 wanes over time, and booster uptake has been low. This study explores the link between post-vaccination symptoms, biometric changes, and neutralizing antibodies (nAB) after mRNA vaccination. Data were collected from adults (n = 363) who received two doses of either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273, with serum nAB concentration measured at 1 and 6 months post-vaccination. Daily symptom surveys were completed for six days starting on the day of each dose. Concurrently, objective biometric measurements, including skin temperature, heart rate, heart rate variability, and respiratory rate, were collected. We found that certain symptoms (chills, tiredness, feeling unwell, and headache) after the second dose were associated with increases in nAB at 1 and 6 months post-vaccination, to roughly 140-160% the level of individuals without each symptom. Each additional symptom predicted a 1.1-fold nAB increase. Greater changes in skin temperature and heart rate after the second dose predicted higher nAB levels. Skin temperature had a stronger predictive relationship for 6-month than 1-month nAB level. In the context of low ongoing vaccine uptake, our findings suggest that public health messaging could seek to reframe systemic symptoms after vaccination as desirable.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.26.23296186v1" target="_blank">The more symptoms the better? Covid-19 vaccine side effects and long-term neutralizing antibody response</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study of “Sputnik Lite” for the Prevention of COVID-19 With Altered Antigenic Composition.</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: “Sputnik Lite” vaccine for the prevention of COVID-19 with altered antigenic composition <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Health Ministry of the Russian Federation <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study Will Assess the Safety, Neutralizing Activity and Efficacy of AZD3152 in Adults With Conditions Increasing Risk of Inadequate Protective Immune Response After Vaccination and Thus Are at High Risk of Developing Severe COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Biological: AZD3152; Biological: Biological: Placebo <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: AstraZeneca <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Examining the Function of Cs4 on Post-COVID-19 Disorders</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Long COVID <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Other: Chinese medicine nutritional supplement Cs4 <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: The University of Hong Kong <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Amantadine Therapy for Cognitive Impairment in Long COVID</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Long COVID; Post-COVID19 Condition; Post-Acute COVID19 Syndrome <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Amantadine <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Ohio State University <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Stellate Ganglion Block With Lidocaine for the Treatment of COVID-19-Induced Parosmia</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Parosmia <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Procedure: Stellate Ganglion Block; Other: Placebo <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Lawson Health Research Institute <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>CPAP Efficacy in Post-COVID Patients With Sleep Apnea</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19; Sleep Apnea <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Device: Continuous positive airway pressure <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: University of Pittsburgh <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Cell Therapy With Treg Cells Obtained From Thymic Tissue (thyTreg) to Control the Immune Hyperactivation Associated With COVID-19 (THYTECH2)</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Allogeneic thyTreg 5.000.000; Biological: Allogeneic thyTreg 10.000.000 <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon; Instituto de Salud Carlos III <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SA55 Injection: a Potential Therapy for the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: SA55 Injection; Other: Placebo for SA55 injection <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Sinovac Life Sciences Co., Ltd. <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mind Body Intervention for Long COVID</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Long COVID; Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19; COVID Long-Haul <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: Mind Body Intervention #1 <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Bioequivalence Trial of Fasting Single Oral STI-1558 Capsule in Healthy Chinese Subjects</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: STI-1558 <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Zhejiang ACEA Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>ACTIV-6: COVID-19 Study of Repurposed Medications - Arm G (Metformin)</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Covid19 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Other: Placebo; Drug: Metformin <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Susanna Naggie, MD; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS); Vanderbilt University Medical Center <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Omicron BA.4/5-Delta COVID-19 Vaccine Phase I Clinical Trial</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Omicron BA.4/5-Delta strain recombinant novel coronavirus protein vaccine (CHO cells); Biological: Placebo <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biologic Pharmacy Co., Ltd.; Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SA55 Novel Coronavirus Broad-spectrum Neutralizing Antibody Nasal Spray in Health People</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: SA55 nasal spray <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Sinovac Life Sciences Co., Ltd. <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Tele-physiotherapy on Post-stroke Hemiplegia Patients</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Hemiplegia; Muscle Spasticity <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Other: Conventional Physiotherapy + telephysiotherapty <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Hermanas Hospitalarias del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús; Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca <br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Psychosomatic, Physical Activity or Both for Post-covid19 Syndrom</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Post-COVID-19 Syndrome <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: Exercise Therapy; Behavioral: Psychotherapy <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Hannover Medical School; Health Insurance Audi BKK; occupational health service Volkswagen AG; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The role of cross-reactive immunity to emerging coronaviruses: Implications for novel universal mucosal vaccine design</strong> - Host immune response to coronaviruses and the role of cross-reactivity immunity among different coronaviruses are crucial for understanding and combating the continuing COVID-19 outbreak and potential subsequent pandemics. This review paper explores how previous exposure to common cold coronaviruses and more pathogenic coronaviruses may elicit a protective immune response against SARS-CoV-2 infection, and discusses the challenges posed by some variants of concern that may escape current…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Multi-structural molecular docking (MOD) combined with molecular dynamics reveal the structural requirements of designing broad-spectrum inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 entry to host cells</strong> - New variants of SARS-CoV-2 that can escape immune response continue to emerge. Consequently, there is an urgent demand to design small molecule therapeutics inhibiting viral entry to host cells to reduce infectivity rate. Despite numerous in silico and in situ studies, the structural requirement of designing viral-entry inhibitors effective against multiple variants of SARS-CoV-2 has yet to be described. Here we systematically screened the binding of various natural products (NPs) to six…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effect of monovalent COVID-19 vaccines on viral interference between SARS-CoV-2 and several DNA viruses in patients with long-COVID syndrome</strong> - Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation may be involved in long-COVID symptoms, but reactivation of other viruses as a factor has received less attention. Here we evaluated the reactivation of parvovirus-B19 and several members of the Herpesviridae family (DNA viruses) in patients with long-COVID syndrome. We hypothesized that monovalent COVID-19 vaccines inhibit viral interference between SARS-CoV-2 and several DNA viruses in patients with long-COVID syndrome, thereby reducing clinical symptoms….</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antibacterial and anti-corona virus (229E) activity of Nigella sativa oil combined with photodynamic therapy based on methylene blue in wound infection: in vitro and in vivo study</strong> - Microbial skin infections, antibiotic resistance, and poor wound healing are major problems, and new treatments are needed. Our study targeted solving this problem with Nigella sativa (NS) oil and photodynamic therapy based on methylene blue (MB-PDT). Antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were determined via agar well diffusion assay and broth microdilution, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) proved deformations in Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538….</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>N-linked glycoproteins and host proteases are involved in swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus entry</strong> - Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is highly pathogenic to piglets and poses a major threat to the swine industry. SADS-CoV has a wide cell tropism and pathogenic potential in younger animals. Therefore, understanding how SADS-CoV enters cells is essential for curbing its re-emergence and spread. Here, we report that tunicamycin, an N-linked glycoprotein inhibitor, inhibited the attachment of SADS-CoV to host cells, suggesting that the SADS-CoV receptor may be an N-linked…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>EGR1 functions as a new host restriction factor for SARS-CoV-2 to inhibit virus replication through the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH8</strong> - Coronavirus disease 2019, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to an unprecedented public health crisis worldwide. Though the host produces interferons (IFNs) and restriction factors to suppress virus infection, SARS-CoV-2 has evolved multiple strategies to inhibit the antiviral responses. Understanding host restriction factors and viral escape mechanisms is conducive to developing effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. Here, we constructed SARS-CoV-2…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong><em>In-silico</em> investigation of 4-nitro-N-1H-pyrazol-3-ylbenzamide towards its potential use against SARS-CoV-2: a DFT, molecular docking and molecular dynamics study</strong> - In the present research work, we report the synthesis and characterization of novel pyrazole derivative obtained by the condensation reaction of 4-nitro benzaldehyde group with one equivalent of the 2-amino pyrazole yielding 4-nitro-N-1H-pyrazol-3-ylbenzamide with high yield. The two symmetry-independent molecules (molecule A and molecule B) differ about the central C-N bond, with the dihedral angles between the pyrazole ring system and the nitrobenzene ring being 13.90° and 18.64°,…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dimeric ACE2-FC Is Equivalent to Monomeric ACE2 in the Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test</strong> - Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the main cellular receptor for the dangerous sarbecoviruses SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Its recombinant extracellular domain is used to monitor the level of protective humoral immune response to a viral infection or vaccine using the surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT). Soluble ACE2 is also considered as an option for antiviral therapy potentially insensitive to the changes in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Extensive testing of the samples of…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ancestral, Delta, and Omicron (BA.1) SARS-CoV-2 strains are dependent on serine proteases for entry throughout the human respiratory tract</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that entry of Omicron BA.1 SARS-CoV-2 is dependent on serine proteases for entry throughout the respiratory tract.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>DETECTION OF SARS-COV-2 NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES IN RETROPHARYNGEAL LYMPH NODE EXUDATES OF WHITE-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS) FROM NEBRASKA, USA</strong> - Disease surveillance testing for emerging zoonotic pathogens in wildlife is a key component in understanding the epidemiology of these agents and potential risk to human populations. Recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in humans, and subsequent detection of this virus in wildlife, highlights the need for developing new One Health surveillance strategies. We used lymph node exudate, a sample type that is routinely collected in hunter-harvested white-tailed deer (WTD, Odocoileus virginianus) for…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Physiological effects of ivabradine in heart failure and beyond</strong> - Ivabradine is a pharmacologic agent that inhibits the funny current responsible for determining heart rate in the sinoatrial node. Ivabradine’s clinical potential has been investigated in the context of heart failure since it is associated with reduced myocardial oxygen demand, enhanced diastolic filling, stroke volume, and coronary perfusion time; however, it is yet to demonstrate definitive mortality benefit. Alternative effects of ivabradine include modulation of the…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The REEP5/TRAM1 complex binds SARS-CoV-2 NSP3 and promotes virus replication</strong> - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), like other coronaviruses, replicates their genome in virus-induced cytosolic membrane-bound replication organelles (ROs). SARS-CoV-2 promotes the biogenesis of ROs by inducing the rearrangement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes. NSP3, NSP4, and NSP6 are transmembrane viral non-structural proteins (NSPs) and essential players in the formation of ROs. To understand how these three NSPs work synergistically with host-binding…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pupillographic Analysis of COVID-19 Patients: Early and Late Results After Recovery</strong> - CONCLUSION: PDs were significantly larger in COVID-19 patients in all light intensities in the 1^(st) month after COVID-19. However, pupillary dilation was transient, and no significant difference was found in the 6^(th) month. We suggest that the transient pupillary dilation may be secondary to the autonomic nervous system dysfunction and/or optic nerve and visual pathways alterations following COVID-19.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>An In Silico Design of Peptides Targeting the S1/S2 Cleavage Site of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein</strong> - SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, invades host cells via its spike protein, which includes critical binding regions, such as the receptor-binding domain (RBD), the S1/S2 cleavage site, the S2 cleavage site, and heptad-repeat (HR) sections. Peptides targeting the RBD and HR1 inhibit binding to host ACE2 receptors and the formation of the fusion core. Other peptides target proteases, such as TMPRSS2 and cathepsin L, to prevent the cleavage of the S protein. However, research has…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>microRNA-185 Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Infection through the Modulation of the Host’s Lipid Microenvironment</strong> - With the emergence of the novel betacoronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there has been an urgent need for the development of fast-acting antivirals, particularly in dealing with different variants of concern (VOC). SARS-CoV-2, like other RNA viruses, depends on host cell machinery to propagate and misregulate metabolic pathways to its advantage. Herein, we discovered that the immunometabolic microRNA-185 (miR-185) restricts SARS-CoV-2 propagation by…</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
<script>AOS.init();</script></body></html>

481
archive-daily-dose/01 October, 2023.html Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,481 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="" xml:lang="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<meta content="pandoc" name="generator"/>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes" name="viewport"/>
<title>01 October, 2023</title>
<style>
code{white-space: pre-wrap;}
span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;}
span.underline{text-decoration: underline;}
div.column{display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;}
div.hanging-indent{margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em;}
ul.task-list{list-style: none;}
</style>
<title>Daily-Dose</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><style>*{overflow-x:hidden;}</style><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
<body>
<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Latino Question at the Second Republican Debate</strong> - At an event featuring Univision’s Ilia Calderón, the candidates showed little interest in speaking to Latino concerns. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-latino-question-at-the-second-republican-debate">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>“Thank You for Speaking While I’m Interrupting”: The Crosstalk Chaos of the Second Republican Debate</strong> - The event, which was billed as a chance for Donald Trump’s rivals to change their fortunes, only reinforced the confusion and aimlessness of their candidacies. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/thank-you-for-speaking-while-im-interrupting-the-crosstalk-chaos-of-the-second-republican-debate">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Peter Daou’s Theory of Election Interference—by Democrats</strong> - The former Clinton aide, now running the third-party Presidential campaign of Cornel West, on his recent political awakening. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/peter-daous-theory-of-election-interference-by-democrats">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Worrying Democratic Erosions in South Korea</strong> - In recent months, authorities have raided offices of press outlets publishing critical reports on President Yoon Suk-yeol. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-worrying-democratic-erosions-in-south-korea">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Powerful New York Law That Finally Brought Trump to Book</strong> - In investigating the former President, New York’s attorney general relied on legislation passed at the behest of one of her Republican predecessors, Jacob Javits. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-powerful-new-york-law-that-finally-brought-trump-to-book">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>The messy art of posting through it</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="An illustration of 12 yellow emoticons melting. Some have smiles, some are frowning." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/wQHgt299kJis5_qltI0MWuE4rCk=/134x0:5467x4000/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/72708183/GettyImages_1415094830.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Getty Images/iStockphoto
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Social media is our public diary — and it’s only getting more intimate.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1Q6Ca7">
Oversharing in conversation is nothing new. Throughout thousands of years of social interaction, people have divulged certain secrets, vulnerabilities, and desires to perhaps the wrong listener, with results ranging from mild embarrassment to shattered reputations. Thanks to social media, the ability to make these confessions to a potentially much wider audience is easier than ever.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zJ7TYk">
What isn’t as straightforward is defining what constitutes oversharing online. Each platform has its specific norms and users who have their own opinions on what content they consider too cringe or vulnerable for public consumption. For instance, when people express negative emotions on <a href="https://www.vox.com/facebook">Facebook</a>, it doesn’t seem so out of place, according to <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1461444817707349">a 2017 study</a>. On the contrary, <a href="https://www.vox.com/instagram-news">Instagram</a> is where users expect to see positive content — albeit <a href="https://anthrosource.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jola.12224">content that isn’t particularly authentic</a>. One<a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3479574"> study, from 2021</a>, suggests the norms on <a href="https://www.vox.com/tiktok">TikTok</a> empower users to embrace both difficult and positive experiences when they post.
</p>
<div class="c-float-right">
<div id="PuW5oT">
<div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Y6eULd">
However, as social media continues to occupy an increasingly intimate space in our lives, as <a href="https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/socstudies/people/academic-staff/ysabel-gerrard">Ysabel Gerrard</a>, a senior lecturer in digital communication at the University of Sheffield, thinks it will, what we post — and how audiences interpret it — will shift. Gerrard, who studies young people’s experiences of social media and digital identities, says that when social platforms become a place to store meaningful memories, the way we post will only become more personal. But does this give us permission to post through it?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WTE05u">
<em>This interview has been edited and condensed for clarity.</em>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3c9p1y">
<strong>On one hand, I see sharing details online of something difficult or frustrating as being cathartic</strong>. <strong>But what is too much?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2XEMCg">
The thing about any digital phenomenon is that everything has a pre-social media alternative. Loads of sociologists have talked about what is acceptable communication and conduct. But now, we’re re-asking those questions in relation to social media. What is actually new here and what has stayed the same from previous social norms?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oTMMuz">
There is something that is distinctive and new, which is that it really depends on what a person’s account is for. Social media has become so embedded in so many people’s lives — not everybody’s, obviously not everybody uses it — that people tend to do what <a href="https://journal.media-culture.org.au/index.php/mcjournal/article/view/1379">Emily van der Nagel calls compartmentalizing your identity</a> across different accounts on different platforms and sometimes across multiple accounts within the same platform. What might be an overshare on one account might feel completely different to your audience on another. For a lot of people, how you interpret an overshare is based on what you imagine that person’s account to be for, and that might conflict with what that person intends their account to be for. If you’re talking to someone face-to-face, you’re in that specific context. Those contextual cues are lost and dispersed when it comes to social media.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="W5o4Pu">
<strong>How much do the norms of each platform play into how much people are comfortable sharing?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eqC8Oa">
That, to me, is the crux. There’s <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1369118X.2014.987152">an article by Martin Gibbs and a few other authors</a> about funerals and grief. But actually, that’s a vehicle for them to discuss what they call platform vernaculars, about how each platform is a really complex combination of policies, technologies, visual aesthetics, finance models — everything that combines to make a platform a platform. What they’re saying is each platform is so distinct that your identity manifests differently across each platform. You could have the same username and profile picture across all the same platforms but your behavior and your emotional connection to that platform, the people you speak to or the people you don’t speak to, is so fundamentally different across platforms. That’s why we often see this tension in how people interpret other people’s content. Is it an overshare? Is it not an overshare?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7ZV9ki">
If I say to you, “Pick a post on a platform that you think is an overshare and show it to me.” If you surveyed X number of people with loads of different identity markers — age, gender, ethnicity, social class, religious background — I would be really shocked if you got consensus on that. It would be really tricky.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="l21QF7">
<strong>I recently saw a very vulnerable post on Instagram about a breakup and I remember thinking, “This feels like too much for Instagram.” But I think if I saw it on TikTok, it wouldn’t have felt so out of place.</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DUUk8L">
How each of us goes into a specific platform not only shapes how you post and what you do there, but it shapes how you receive other people’s content. That person who shared that, maybe for them, their Instagram occupies a really, really intimate and personal place in their life, but yours doesn’t and that’s where you get that mismatch of expectations versus understanding.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KRZ48l">
I feel, in my own life and research, that social media is occupying an even more intimate role in our lives now. We’re using platforms that are really familiar to us, particularly Instagram, in way more intimate ways than we ever have — and there are quite a few trends to back that up, for instance, finstas and photo dumps. That’s all signposting us toward a place where the platform has a really intimate role in our lives, and perhaps that shapes what we share and therefore how people interpret that.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="m5qKzi">
<strong>Could you elaborate more on how that intimacy manifests? </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="66wrV4">
I <a href="https://theconversation.com/why-are-photo-dumps-so-popular-a-digital-communications-expert-explains-210486">wrote a piece for the Conversation about the photo dumps</a> trend on Instagram. It got me looking back at literature on tangible photo albums: how people craft them, why they use them, how they interpret them. One of the things I realized was that the photo dump trend is showing us that we’re wanting to curate a set of photographs and reflect on important pieces of our lives — maybe it’s a holiday, maybe it’s a season, maybe it’s an event — instead of just putting that one powerful aesthetic picture. That has resonance with photo albums and how we would craft and carefully place photographs in tangible albums. That shift, to me, signifies that we’re using the platform more intimately, which means that we are using it more as a form of archival. It means that we have relationships on certain accounts with certain people that feel intimate, that feel like you’d want to share those moments of your life with. Instagram in particular is becoming more meaningful and <a href="https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2018/3/28/17054848/smartphones-photos-memory-research-psychology-attention">a form of memory</a>, and it may be suggested that we think it’s going to be around for a while if we’re willing to put these pieces of our histories in there.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZrPvbr">
<strong>We all are aware of the fact that there’s usually an audience when we’re posting in this public way. How does the way people interact with or potentially perceive us play into what we choose to share?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tHdFCP">
There’s an understanding that certain forms of intimacy will generate more clicks, more likes, more views, more virality. You do need to go into these things with a healthy degree of skepticism and think, “What was the motivation behind that?”<em> </em>There’s a lot of<a href="https://repository.uclawsf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1449&amp;context=hwlj"> discourse around</a> the <a href="https://time.com/5857023/karen-meme-history-meaning/">weaponization of tears</a>, <a href="https://www.papermag.com/white-women-fake-cry-tiktok#rebelltitem11">especially in terms of race</a>. There are forms of intimacy that are not innocent.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="x26u4L">
But to me, I think a good chunk of content out there is genuinely people who want to use social media as an outlet to express their emotions, to share stories from their lives. There are lots of stories where social media has saved people’s lives because people got access to communities where they feel seen and they feel heard and they can find people with common experiences. A lot of people wouldn’t admit this, but [maybe] they’ve created a throwaway account on Reddit, and they’ve gone on to a subreddit and they’ve shared the most harrowing, intimate personal details about their lives because they need help and they get that support. Because that’s in a really bounded context — in a subreddit, where it’s supposed to be — it’s not considered an overshare because the norms of that space dictate that it should be there.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KMmmME">
When you’ve got something like Instagram or TikTok, it really depends on who you are and who uses the platform. You’ve got all these different audiences from different parts of your lives that have been collapsed into one: you’ve got your work colleagues, you’ve got your one-night stand, you’ve got your partner, you’ve got your partner’s family, you’ve got your parents. It’s really hard to post anything without someone somewhere having something to say about it, whether it was an overshare, inappropriate. That’s why subreddits and more niche spaces are so valuable and so powerful, and they’re not really the places where people get accused of oversharing. The places we accuse people of doing this on are your more mainstream, generalized platforms.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jlK51G">
<strong>How can oversharing backfire?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qciJcd">
There’s a very obvious way it can go wrong, which is when a person says something objectively harmful or hurtful and then it escalates from there. But to me, there are two main micro-ways that it can go wrong. One of the ways oversharing goes wrong is when you post something, and someone is in your audience who isn’t really the intended receiver and it backfires. Another way that it can go wrong is when you post to the wrong place. It’d be fair game on this platform, but not this platform.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZO35Yw">
<strong>So should we be posting through it?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jEzJ44">
I’ve done a lot of research into how people with, for example, depression and who have eating disorders are sharing, what they’re talking about, and how they’re using different platforms. I’ve tended to focus on people who do this anonymously. I’ve written a lot about how people conceal their identities in order to talk about these things, partly, for a lot of people, because they are stigmatized, and people don’t want their legal identity being linked to what are essentially their innermost thoughts on their health conditions.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1Hu1KK">
On the flip side, you’ve got a lot of people who are putting their names and faces to lots of different things. I saw this TikTok the other day of this girl whose partner had died. She was sobbing and the first words that came out of her mouth were “I don’t know why I’m doing this.” I thought it was a really powerful sentence. We assume there’s so much craft and thought that goes into these moments. A word that gets bandied around a lot is “attention-seeking.” There’s a lot of disparagement of people who do that, but like I said, social media has become so intimate as part of our lives. It is probably getting to a point in society where it does feel more normal and more natural to talk about how you feel and post it.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yo6Fmp">
There’s a really simple explanation where you can say it might benefit someone else who is going through that. There’s lots of evidence to suggest that is the case, that it’s helping to destigmatize certain things and that it’s been really helpful. But that, to me, is a simple explanation. What else is happening on top of that is that we are having, as a society, a very different level of intimacy toward social media that we might not be comfortable admitting at this stage. I don’t think it is as easy anymore to just say, “That’s an overshare,” or, “That’s cringe.”
</p></li>
<li><strong>The 2010s was a decade of protests. Why did so many revolutions fail?</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="Protesters in a dark street with illuminated smoke at their feet." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/K3Bb9kN7ba7LAPQUh6Nn0Hqvz1E=/108x0:3023x2186/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/72708073/171566782.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
A demonstrator kicks a tear gas shell during clashes with the police outside the Mineirao stadium in Belo Horizonte, on June 26, 2013. | Christophe Simon/AFP via Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Journalist Vincent Bevins grapples with failed revolutions from Egypt to Brazil to Hong Kong.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cCFIIp">
When a street vendor named Mohamed Bouazizi self-immolated in protest of the Tunisian government in 2010, he inspired a revolution in his country and ultimately a cascade of revolt across the Middle East, Europe, Asia, Latin America, and even in the United States.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Qgi04n">
The 2010s was a decade of mass protest, as the journalist <a href="https://www.northsouthnotes.org/">Vincent Bevins</a> writes in his new book <a href="https://www.hachettebookgroup.com/titles/vincent-bevins/if-we-burn/9781541788978/?lens=publicaffairs"><em>If We Burn: The Mass Protest Decade and the Missing Revolution</em></a><em>. </em>But the movements demonstrating in public squares in world capitals lost out, and many countries ended up with leaders even more repressive than the autocrats that protests toppled.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NrCfPS">
Figuring out why many of the revolutions never materialized has bedeviled activists since.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BgcjU9">
This is the task that Bevins, a former correspondent for the Los Angeles Times and the Washington Post, sets out to explore in over 250 interviews across 12 countries. The result is the kind of broad survey that was impossible for reporters to capture in the middle of these uprisings. There are trends and shared triggers: that after governments crack down on an initially small group of protesters, the squares swell with more and more demonstrators; that in the midst of a leftist eruption, the far right often quickly coopts the momentum; that <a href="https://www.vox.com/media">the media</a> itself bears some responsibility for the movements’ shortcomings; that, now, activists are eager to tell the intricacies of their efforts so that the next generation of protesters can get things right.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt="A huge outdoor protest, photographed from on high." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/X-8jQDgqvO2mTum8ssRcYWKTD68=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/24962951/108694085.jpg"/> <cite>Peter Macdiarmid/Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Protesters gather in Tahrir Square on February 1, 2011, in Cairo, Egypt.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HUV0LJ">
On the media’s role, he looks back at when he was covering <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/06/brazil-protest-june-2013-rousseff-lula-bolsonaro-election-workers-party-temer/563165/">Brazil’s 2013 protests</a> from the vantage point of an American. “People like me ended up in this position that we did not earn and we did not deserve, of being called upon to explain to the world what was actually happening in the streets,” Bevins told me. “We did not have the intellectual or material resources to do this properly. … And we too often saw what we wanted to see in the mass protest explosions.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qjAOEb">
Are there lessons for those ready to rise up today or tomorrow? “If you look back on the decade with this wide lens as I do, you see the copying and pasting of tactics that were developed in wildly different circumstances,” he says. “One of the many lessons that comes out of these conversations is: Pay very, very close attention to what your society is, how you’re trying to change it, and the applicability of the tactics you’re adopting to your given situation.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XKmOsj">
Somehow, despite all the loss and the failed revolutions, it’s a hopeful story.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XWIHpz">
<em>Our conversation has been edited and condensed for clarity.</em>
</p>
<h4 id="lIw3ku">
Jonathan Guyer
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pdYhOM">
What struck me in this book is just how many of these protests were happening concurrently. Just to speak from my own experience, I was in Egypt during the 2013 coup that was in part sparked by an astroturf movement, and I left the country for Istanbul, <a href="https://www.vox.com/turkey">Turkey</a>, as the Gezi Park protests were happening. And the umbrella protests in Hong Kong were inspired by Occupy Wall Street. Tell me about the connections between these movements.
</p>
<h4 id="l0HoUc">
Vincent Bevins
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="S2Pg8m">
Connectivity provided unexpected benefits and unexpected dangers when it came to the possibility of observing, learning from, and transferring knowledge and solidarity across national borders.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4QKBNk">
Because on the one hand, the great thing about the internet is that you could see what was happening anywhere, immediately. Movements can be in contact with each other.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8ILcvW">
I unexpectedly went viral in Brazil when I tweeted about a protest chant that was about Turkey, and Turkish people are sending me messages to pass on to the protesters in Brazil. I was very uncomfortable with this dynamic at the time, not only because I was a journalist in the mainstream corporate media and I was supposed to be objective about this movement, and I’m not supposed to be a part of it. And number two, I’m thinking, “Well, wait a minute, these are really different countries.”
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/ZY4Y1AJtPEfDECxDhqfR0T1w6PM=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/24962942/171725554.jpg"/> <cite>Luis Felipe Muller/Contributor</cite>
<figcaption>
On June 17, 2013, an estimated 65,000 people marched through São Paulo streets to voice a range of frustrations.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt="Masked protesters stand outside near a spray-painted wall." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/cRT1Jk8gJD2Vo-l2Bxoz04L4V-s=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/24962947/529255676.jpg"/> <cite>Monique Jaques/Corbis via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
A woman gives out a solution of milk and antacid that relieves eyes from the sting of tear gas on Istiklal Caddesi in Istanbul, Turkey, on June 1, 2013.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eZLKIO">
If you look back on the decade with this wide lens as I do, you see the copying and pasting of tactics that were developed in wildly different circumstances. You see the application of something that was developed to, for example, try to remove an autocratic leader in North Africa being employed in imperfect democracies — but democracies — like Brazil and Ukraine.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VtA2Zk">
You also saw it happening after it became clear in the original country that this particular tactic didn’t even work.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="neISCZ">
The Umbrella Movement in 2014 in Hong Kong was inspired by Occupy Wall Street, which was inspired by Egypt, which was inspired by Tunisia. Really, this is the globalization of the Tahrir Square model. But by the time they put it into practice in Hong Kong in 2014, Egypt had already ended in disaster; Egypt had already experienced the Sisi coup, which arguably installs a dictator, which is even worse than the Mubarak government that the protest movement initially sought to overthrow.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="vfv1Yc">
The idea of writing a book which identifies this mismatch between tactics and targets is to identify the way that you can fix that mismatch. So what looks like a pessimistic reading of history can quickly become an optimistic project that looks toward the future because all you have to do is match the tactics to this huge, demonstrable desire for change in the global system; then you have something that you can work on in the next decade.
</p>
<h4 id="mobzJN">
Jonathan Guyer
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3o0Lo3">
Since you started writing this book, social media has fundamentally been transformed, you might even say it has died. How central was social media to the series of protests that you were covering? Could they happen with social media in the state it’s in today?
</p>
<h4 id="uLXm0S">
Vincent Bevins
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DFEyWz">
The types of mass protest movements that I look at in this book are the explosions which become so large, in which so many people enter the streets that governments are either toppled or fundamentally destabilized. And often getting over that line requires many, many factors to come into play, and to act upon each other and to combine in an explosive manner. And without social media, I think a lot less of them would have gotten across that line.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="60bI4s">
The reason that social media did not work as promised is not because we misunderstood the nature of the internet and the possibilities of digital connectivity, but because oligarchs took over the digital space.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7ayYe6">
Often when I’m explaining this book to younger people, my cousins and nieces and nephews, they’re often shocked to hear something that you or I might remember that 10-15 years ago, the common-sense wisdom, the mainstream opinion, and basically, this is what was shared almost across the board in the English-language media, was that anything that happened as a result in social media was going to be fundamentally, necessarily progressive, more democratic, and lead to a better world.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Cbax4u">
Now, 10-15 years later, if one can imagine a movement of young men storming the capital of a country because of something they saw on the internet, our first reaction is probably going to be the exact opposite. Our first reaction is going to be whoa, hold on, this might be very dangerous. Our first reaction is to think of all of the ways that that can go wrong. And again, I think that’s not because the internet does not have the promise that we believe that it did. It’s because oligarchs conquered it and murdered the best parts of it.
</p>
<h4 id="SffpHo">
Jonathan Guyer
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oVOmfZ">
I liked this line where you said, “Getting tear-gassed is great for engagement.” I wonder if you could step back and talk to me about how you fit yourself into this story. This is more personal than your last book, <a href="https://www.hachettebookgroup.com/titles/vincent-bevins/the-jakarta-method/9781541724013/?lens=publicaffairs"><em>The Jakarta Method: Washington’s Anticommunist Crusade and the Mass Murder Program That Shaped Our World</em></a>.
</p>
<h4 id="Fpz09v">
Vincent Bevins
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0Bi1QP">
It is a little bit more personal than <em>The Jakarta Method</em>, I think, for two reasons. One is because I lived through the events of this decade, especially in Brazil. And I think that at some points, I was so close to the unfolding events as to require my inclusion in order to be fully honest.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="akxy6z">
But a fuller answer, the more difficult answer, is that this particular type of response to perceived injustice; this type of explosion; this repertoire of contention; the apparently spontaneous, digitally coordinated, horizontally organized mass protests in public spaces ends up meeting, relying on, handing the privilege of interpreting these events to people like me.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XsaoYD">
People like me ended up in this position that we did not earn and we did not deserve, of being called upon to explain to the world what was actually happening in the streets.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="lFS8Ww">
The participants and the original organizers of these mass protest events, many of them now recognize that this is a fundamental flaw of this particular type of contention, that it relies on somebody else to impose meaning upon it from outside, because the meaning of the movement itself is incapable of speaking in one coherent voice. But whatever the reason for this, people like me, foreign correspondents, especially from the most powerful countries in the world, especially from the dominant corporate outlets, which have the biggest microphone on the global stage, were called upon to explain an endlessly complex set of explosions around the world, and we failed.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/q-54rLuNObkdFpX-BkHUZjWgdR0=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/24962955/459567356.jpg"/> <cite>Chris McGrath/Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
A pro-democracy activist holds a yellow umbrella in front of a police line on a street in Mongkok district on November 25, 2014, in Hong Kong.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yiVOTO">
We did not have the intellectual or material resources to do this properly. We too often were guided by narrow ideological or careerist concerns. We often do not have the depth of knowledge required to place these movements in context. And we too often saw what we wanted to see in the mass protest explosions.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7dcjBI">
So in order to tell this story honestly, I think we do have to talk about the role of media representation, not only in defining the sort of world-historical significance of these explosions, but indeed in reconfiguring the concrete form of the movements on the street. Because often the particular type of coverage that these movements got, whether in traditional media or on social media, dictated who went out to the street and what they understood that they were going to find there. The gap between what the original organizers thought they were doing and what the later arrivals thought they were going to find often ended in violence or tragedy.
</p>
<h4 id="OdvQWN">
Jonathan Guyer
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gAxX8Z">
What do you think is the big takeaway of these varied stories of activists across many different contexts organizing in a whole lot of different societies?
</p>
<h4 id="FtzhRv">
Vincent Bevins
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="vbDpHF">
This book is not structured as an argument, it’s really a work of history. And I think that by reading what happens, following chronologically how the decade starts in Tunisia and how things unfold throughout the decade, different readers will come to different conclusions and different interpretations of what really happened.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="d80U4O">
One of the many lessons that comes out of these conversations is: Pay very, very close attention to what your society is, how you’re trying to change it, and the applicability of the tactics you’re adopting to your given situation.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="52hMzb">
The mass protest decade, as I call it, demonstrates that there’s a huge amount of desire to change the world for the better, to affect transformations to our global system. And the entire point of this book, the reason that hundreds of people wanted to sit down and talk to me, was to help future generations match the right tactics with the right goals and succeed at creating a better world.
</p></li>
<li><strong>Congress avoided a shutdown. What happens now?</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="House Speaker Kevin McCarthy points emphatically while speaking." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/iPX5-zBV7EwM3nRkGDcyOnk-ANI=/45x0:4806x3571/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/72707181/1699000079.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Kevin McCarthy teamed with Democrats to keep the government open. Will he keep his job? | Photo by Nathan Howard/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Kevin McCarthy faced either a shutdown or a right-wing push to kick him out of his job. He chose the latter.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Lmip4C">
With only hours to spare, Congress on Saturday narrowly avoided a government shutdown. The Senate approved a bill to keep the government open for the next 45 days by a vote of 88 to 9<em> </em>after a dramatic reversal by House Speaker <a href="https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2022/10/2022-midterms-kevin-mccarthy-is-the-man-in-the-maga-middle.html">Kevin McCarthy </a>ensured an overwhelming House vote to keep the government open.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ntL1R6">
McCarthy had spent weeks trying to find a path that would both keep the government open and protect himself from an internal coup by hardliners within the House Republican Conference. Ultimately, McCarthy opted to fund the government and challenge the hardliners to do their worst — opening him up to attempts to remove him from the House’s top job.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eAsCpN">
McCarthy had tried Friday to get his caucus to support a short-term measure — known as a continuing resolution — that was loaded up with major spending cuts to appeal to House right wingers. But after that failed, the California Republican punted on Saturday after accepting that he could not pass any short-term funding measure with Republican votes alone.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fIpfh5">
Instead, he allowed the House to vote on legislation that would continue current government spending for the next 45 days along with disaster aid. The only major provision desired by Democrats not included in the legislation is additional aid to Ukraine. The short-term bill passed with all but one Democrat supporting it. However, 90 Republicans were opposed.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hRIVtT">
For many of those Republicans, they were opposed to a continuing resolution on principle. They believed McCarthy had made a commitment to funding the government through twelve individual appropriations bills rather than a single legislative vehicle. As Rep Wesley Hunt (R-TX) put it on Friday. “We got to break the fever. This is how business has been conducted for the past 33 years in this country, which coincidentally are close to $30 trillion in debt.” He added “if we don’t break this right now, if you don’t do this right now, it’s gonna be business as usual next year, and the year after the year after.”
</p>
<h3 id="X275hM">
Will Kevin McCarthy stay the GOP speaker?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sNUaCU">
The challenge for McCarthy is whether he can survive his shift in tactics. Speaking to reporters after the vote, he offered a challenge to those dissidents. “If someone is going to bring a motion against me. Bring it.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yebSJB">
McCarthy’s position has always been a precarious one from the start. The California Republican <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2023/1/7/23543163/kevin-mccarthy-speaker-of-the-house-vote-elected">had only been elected Speaker after fifteen ballots</a> and had a four-seat majority in the House. If a motion to oust McCarthy was brought to the floor, only five dissident Republicans would be enough to remove him if no Democrats came to his aid.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fZJuDy">
Matt Gaetz, a longtime critic of McCarthy and one of the ringleaders of the effort to block him from becoming Speaker in January, told reporters: “I’ve said that whether or not Kevin McCarthy faces a motion to vacate is entirely within his control because all he had to do was comply with the agreement that he made with us in January. And putting this bill on the floor and passing it for Democrats would be such an obvious, blatant and clear violation of that, we would have to deal with it.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Uanw8p">
But not all of the skeptics of continuing resolutions in the conference were ready to strip McCarthy of the Speaker’s gavel.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tyitq0">
Rep Troy Nehls (R-TX), who was one of the 21 Republicans who voted against McCarthy on Friday, expressed sympathy for the Speaker. He told reporters that McCarthy had the “most impossible job in the world and the United States.”
</p>
<h3 id="LSNseZ">
So what happens now?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5ihqix">
A potential government shutdown will be averted for the next six weeks. That gives Republicans more time to try to advance the remaining appropriations bills through the House. But anything they pass will go to a Democratic controlled Senate with very different priorities and without the same attachment to the traditional appropriations process possessed by doctrinaire House conservatives.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="o3Jtb4">
But it also means McCarthy will have to thread the same needle then. The tension that he will face is he will continue to be able to both keep the government open and remain Speaker. One longtime conservative critic, Bob Good of Virginia, expressed fundamental dissatisfaction with McCarthy’s leadership on Saturday morning to reporters. As he described the Speaker’s approach “the bus is going 100 miles off the cliff with the Democrats, let’s slow it down to 95 and we get to drive the bus off the cliff.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nLJAdm">
Speaking to <em>Vox</em> earlier this week, Liam Donovan, a longtime Republican operative and Washington lobbyist, thought that the goal of Republican dissidents was to force a showdown and have McCarthy face a reckoning within his conference. After all, regardless of whether it happened without a shutdown or with one, McCarthy’s exit strategy was always to work with Democrats to pass legislation that would fund the government. It was simply a question of which parliamentary approach that he would take and what the collateral damage would be. As of late Saturday night, the showdown had happened and the government would remain open. But, at least for a day, the reckoning would wait.
</p>
<h3 id="eXkK9o">
What happens next on additional funding for Ukraine?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WKEElv">
There are still a number of other possibilities for Congress to provide additional funding to Ukraine, including through a supplemental appropriations request as well as attaching it to future must pass legislation including the next resolution to fund the government.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wK0TpH">
But this bill marks a key demarcation in the political debate over Ukraine on Capitol Hill. Coming only days after, for the first time, a majority of Republicans voted for an amendment to strip funding for Ukraine, it’s a clear indication that there is a growing sentiment on the right against further US aid to the Eastern European country. While McCarthy was willing to punt on almost every other issue in order to avoid a government shutdown, he still didn’t include additional funding for Ukraine in the continuing legislation.
</p>
<h3 id="ZfYz8i">
Wait, but why am I hearing about a fire alarm?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jXn683">
While there were rhetorical fireworks among Republicans on Saturday, there was a literal fire alarm pulled by a Democrat. Rep. Jamaal Bowman (D-NY) pulled an alarm in a House office building on Saturday. In a statement, a spokesman for the Democrat said: “Congressman Bowman did not realize he would trigger a building alarm as he was rushing to make an urgent vote. The Congressman regrets any confusion.” He later told reporters: “I thought the alarm would open the door.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2bljbj">
However, Republicans suggested that Bowman may have done so intentionally. The alarm was pulled at a time when Democrats were trying to delay a House vote in order to read the legislation introduced by Republicans and ensure they found it acceptable.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3L9XTx">
Rep. Nicole Malliotakis (R-NY) was already preparing legislation to expel the New York Democrat. Such a proposal would require a 2/3rds vote which would require significant Democratic support. Other possibilities for discipline, including a formal reprimand or censure, would only require simple majorities.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GOj0Ha">
McCarthy condemned Bowman. “This should not go without punishment,” he said. The Speaker added that he expected the House Ethics Committee to investigate and that he planned to speak with Democratic leader Hakeem Jeffries of New York about Bowman’s behavior.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1SeWJz">
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="akqtz4">
</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hangzhou Asian Games athletics | Sable becomes first Indian to win 3,000m steeplechase gold, Toor defends shot put title</strong> - The 29-year-old national record holder thus earned India its first gold medal in athletics at the ongoing Games</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hangzhou Asian Games boxing | Parveen seals Olympic berth; Nikhat settles for bronze</strong> - Nikhat Zareen (50kg), Preeti Pawar (54kg), Lovlina Borgohain (75kg ) and Narender Berwal (+92kg) have already secured Olympic quotas</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hangzhou Asian Games | Indian shooters return with best ever haul of 22 medals</strong> - Indian men’s trap shooting team won a gold and women’s team clinched a silver and Kynan Chenai finished the day with bronze</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hangzhou Asian Games | Aditi Ashok slips on final day, signs off with silver in women’s golf</strong> - Aditi saw the advantage evaporate as she stumbled upon four bogeys and a double bogey against a lone birdie to slip to the second position</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Morning Digest | Afghanistan Embassy in India to cease operation from today; Threat of government shutdown ends as Congress passes a temporary funding plan and sends it to Biden</strong> - Here is a select list of stories to start the day</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Tamil Nadu Governor takes part in beach cleaning activity</strong> -</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Police conduct surprise checks at lodges, dhabas in Anantapur of Andhra Pradesh</strong> - Lodge and dhaba owners told to install CCTV cameras on their premises without fail</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Sidhu bats for INDIA bloc amid Punjab Congress’s opposition to allying with AAP</strong> - “The I.N.D.I.A alliance stands like a tall mountain,” he tweeted.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>AFSPA extended in four districts of Assam, withdrawn from four others</strong> - The AFSPA has been withdrawn from Jorhat, Golaghat, Karbi Anglong and Dima Hasao with effect from October 1, said DGP Gyanendra Pratap Singh</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Interview with ISRO Chairman Somanath on Chandrayaan-3, Aditya-L1, and more</strong> - An interview with Dr. Somanath about the Chandrayaan-3 mission, the Aditya-L1 mission, and India’s plans to explore space.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Spain: Nightclub fire kills 11 in Murcia</strong> - Four others are injured in the blaze at the Teatre club in Murcia, authorities say.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Turkey: Two officers injured in blast outside interior ministry</strong> - The interior minister says two people in a commercial vehicle were involved, one blew himself up.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Slovakia elections: Populist party wins vote but needs allies for coalition</strong> - Former PM Robert Fico, who opposes military support for Ukraine, will try to form a government.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Russia police crisis: Burned out, disappointed and demoralised</strong> - Russia’s police force is in crisis, with officers are quitting to become taxi-drivers and couriers.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Nagorno-Karabakh: Armenia says 100,000 refugees flee region</strong> - Almost the entire ethnic Armenian population has fled the region since Azerbaijan seized it last week.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A revelation about trees is messing with climate calculations</strong> - Scientists are learning more about “sesquiterpenes” vapors made from trees. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1972385">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Archaeologists discover ancient sandals buried in a bat cave 6000 years ago</strong> - Some basketry from same site is even older, dating back 9,500 years to Mesolithic period. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1972204">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Critical vulnerabilities in Exim threaten over 250k email servers worldwide</strong> - Remote code execution requiring no authentication fixed. 2 other RCEs remain unpatched. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1972409">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>WHO says flu vaccines should ditch strain that vanished during COVID</strong> - Influenza viruses in the B/Yamagata lineage have not been seen since March 2020. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1972394">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>DOJ finally posted that “embarrassing” court doc Google wanted to hide</strong> - Google exec said users get hooked on search engine like “cigarettes or drugs.” - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1972364">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Choking Lady</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Two hillbillies walked into a local restaurant as they had decided to stop by for a bite to eat. While they dined, they talked about their moonshine operation.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
All of a sudden, one woman sitting next to them (she had been eating a sandwich just right across their table) begun to cough. After one minute or so, she continued to do so. It became apparent that she was, actually in real distress.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
One of the hillbillies became concerned, looked at her and asked: “Kin ya swallar?” The woman shook her head, signaling a no. Then he asks: “Kin ya breathe?” The woman has begun to turn blue in the face, but still somehow manages to shake her head once more.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The hillbilly then walked over to the woman, lifted up her dress, yanked down her drawers, and gave her right b-utt cheek a swift lick – with his tongue.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The woman became very shocked, so much so that she has a violent spasm, which caused her food obstruction to fly out of her mouth and out of her gullet. As she tries to breathe slowly and normally, the hillbilly walks away and back to his table.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
His friend then told him: “Ya know, I’d heard of that there ‘Hind Lick Maneuver’ but I never seed anybody done it.”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/pash5050"> /u/pash5050 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/16wmp40/choking_lady/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/16wmp40/choking_lady/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Sad news. I broke up with my girlfriend Lorraine because I was seeing another girl named Claire Lee…</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
But the good news is that I can see Claire Lee now Lorraine has gone
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/hellarios852"> /u/hellarios852 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/16wjhaj/sad_news_i_broke_up_with_my_girlfriend_lorraine/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/16wjhaj/sad_news_i_broke_up_with_my_girlfriend_lorraine/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Joke from Tony Soprano</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Two bulls are grazing on the mountain: an old one and a young one, and under the mountain there is a herd of cows. The old bull is peacefully nibbling the grass, but the young bull has no time for this, he keeps admiring the cows. And so he walked, walked, came up to the old bull and said:<br/> - Listen, stop eating! Let’s quickly go down and fuck that red-haired chick over there!<br/> “No,” the old man answers and continues to chew. The young man walks around again, looks out, again turns to the old one:<br/> - Okay, if you don’t want the red-haired one, let’s quickly go down and fuck that little black one over there!<br/> “No,” the old man continues to chew. The young man is nervous again:<br/> - Damn, let’s quickly go down and fuck that little white over there!<br/> - No! We will go down slowly, slowly and fuck the whole herd…
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/GirlBestYouKnow"> /u/GirlBestYouKnow </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/16wy1j3/joke_from_tony_soprano/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/16wy1j3/joke_from_tony_soprano/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Two day ago, my wife watched a romance movie.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
That night, we had a romantic dinner.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Yesterday, she watched an erotic movie, and last night was fantastic.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Today, I’m deleting all the horror movie channels.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/MudakMudakov"> /u/MudakMudakov </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/16wma3n/two_day_ago_my_wife_watched_a_romance_movie/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/16wma3n/two_day_ago_my_wife_watched_a_romance_movie/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The animal brothel</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A little mouse, after a tiring week of work, decides to visit an animal brothel for some entertainment.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The fox madam, upon seeing him arrive, offers, ‘If you’d like, there’s Sarah the pythoness, a new arrival.’
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The mouse accepts and goes to Sarah’s room. As soon as she sees him enter, the pythoness mistakes him for dinner and swallows him whole.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
After a while, the madam comes to inform the mouse that his time is up, and not finding him, she senses the situation.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
‘Sarah, spit him out immediately, he’s a paying customer!’ The snake spits out the mouse, who, once free, exclaims
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
‘Oh my God! Best blowjob of my life!’
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/SirOleopanza"> /u/SirOleopanza </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/16wxmd5/the_animal_brothel/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/16wxmd5/the_animal_brothel/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
<script>AOS.init();</script></body></html>

4
index.html
View File

File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long