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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Heartbreak of Going Back to School in Uvalde</strong> - The summer after the mass shooting was fraught, fragile—and rife with fear for fall. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-the-southwest/the-heartbreak-of-back-to-school-in-uvalde">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Could Coal Waste Be Used to Make Sustainable Batteries?</strong> - Acid mine drainage has long been a scourge in Appalachia. Recent research suggests that we may be able to simultaneously clean up the pollution and extract the minerals and elements needed to power green technologies. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/us-journal/could-coal-waste-be-used-to-make-sustainable-batteries">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>When Private Equity Takes Over a Nursing Home</strong> - After an investment firm bought St. Josephs Home for the Aged, in Richmond, Virginia, the company reduced staff, removed amenities, and set the stage for a deadly outbreak of COVID-19. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/when-private-equity-takes-over-a-nursing-home">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Year After the Fall of Kabul</strong> - For the Biden Administration, supporting the Afghan people without empowering the Taliban is the foreign-policy case study from hell. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/a-year-after-the-fall-of-kabul">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How Mondragon Became the Worlds Largest Co-Op</strong> - In Spain, an industrial-sized conglomerate owned by its workers suggests an alternative future for capitalism. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/business/currency/how-mondragon-became-the-worlds-largest-co-op">link</a></p></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
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<li><strong>Renewable energy, explained (to kids)</strong> -
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<img alt="Sunrise in morning fog with wind turbines." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/WdsMCB4g9qlj9F0zIr-h65QFExk=/0x0:4687x3515/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/71291431/1242535722.0.jpg"/>
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The sunrise shines through the morning fog over the landscape with wind turbines in Parstein, Brandenburg, Germany.  | Patrick Pleul/picture alliance via Getty Images
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Today, Explained to Kids explores the damage done by fossil fuels and why renewable energy might be the best way to power the future.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="erZb4c">
In each episode of the Vox podcast <a href="https://www.vox.com/today-explained-to-kids"><em>Today, Explained to Kids</em></a>, a group of friends takes a journey to the Island of Explained. Kids (and adults) come along to explore the magical island and meet its whimsical inhabitants, all while tackling some of the biggest questions in the world. This summer, were answering questions about how to make the future better through <a href="https://www.vox.com/23281310/vegan-plant-based-diet">the way we eat</a>, <a href="https://www.vox.com/23207998/species-habitat-loss-biodiversity-today-explained">protect species habitats</a>, <a href="https://www.vox.com/podcasts/23300410/listening-understanding-explained-kids">listen to each other</a>, and more.
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In <em>Today, Explained to Kids: Its electric!, a</em> magical theme park ride on the Island of Explained demonstrates the damage done by fossil fuels and why renewable energy might be the best way to power the future.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="bzHlgP">
<a href="https://link.chtbl.com/texkids">Listen to the episode</a> with the young people in your life — or just because — and then come back here to download our <a href="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23973242/082622_VOX_Episode4.pdf">educational activities</a> that build on what we learned in the episode. Thanks to early childhood education specialist Rachel Giannini for developing our learning materials!
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You can also read the <a href="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23968427/Today__Explained_to_Kids____S2_E4_It_s_electric_____Transcript.pdf">full transcript</a> of this episode below:
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And listen to more <a href="https://www.vox.com/today-explained-to-kids"><em>Today, Explained to Kids</em></a><em> </em>episodes:
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KFg5i8">
For season two, <em>Today, Explained to Kids</em> is teaming up with KiwiCo to bring four new episodes to life with <a href="https://www.kiwico.com/mlp/vox">fun and enriching home-based activities</a> to create a seamless listening and hands-on experience.
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<li><strong>Public transit for nine bucks a month? Germany tried it.</strong> -
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<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/DfDGVF5ZyOkgpQxXjrodytJJgqo=/539x0:8102x5672/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/71291359/1242242792.0.jpg"/>
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Participants and activists of the campaign organization Campact protest with banners, a Porsche, and an oversized mask depicting the likeness of Finance Minister Lindner in front of the Ministry of Finance for the preservation of the 9-euro ticket, on August 1 in Berlin, Germany.  | Kay Nietfeld/picture alliance via Getty Images
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Germany introduced a 9-Euro-Ticket to help ease the energy crisis. Now its trying to figure out what comes next.
</p>
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MUNICH, Germany —<strong> </strong>Maybe you buy the <a href="https://www.bahn.com/en/offers/regional/9-euro-ticket-en">9-Euro-Ticket</a> to travel from Saxony to Bavaria to go to the <a href="https://www.merkur.de/lokales/muenchen/stadt-muenchen/ztz-muenchen-helene-fischer-gigantische-show-messe-riem-kritik-91737510.html">Helene Fischer concert</a> in Munich. Maybe you buy it to go hiking, taking the train on summer weekends to villages outside Munich. Or maybe you buy it because youre an American journalist, but also a little bit of a tourist, used to paying $2.75 to wait 15 minutes for a crowded Brooklyn Q train, like me.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="vpcZfc">
Because, really, why <em>not </em>buy it? For 9 euros a month for June, July, August, passengers could buy one ticket to travel anywhere in Germany — on the U-Bahn throughout Berlin, or a regional train from Hamburg to towns along the North Sea.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DXpmYZ">
The German government created the 9-Euro-Ticket as one component of a <a href="https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/news/relief-faq-2065498">relief package</a> to mitigate inflation, <a href="https://www.destatis.de/EN/Press/2022/03/PE22_N016_61.html#:~:text=Imported%20energy%20cost%20129.5%25%20more,Federal%20Statistical%20Office%20(Destatis).">especially higher energy costs</a>, made worse by the war in <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/apr/26/ukraine-war-food-energy-prices-world-bank#:~:text=As%20a%20result%20of%20trade,than%2040%25%20compared%20with%202021.">Ukraine</a> and <a href="https://www.vox.com/2022/7/20/23270078/europe-russia-gas-nord-stream-ukraine-war">Russias threats</a>. The ticket was largely subsidized by the federal government, at a cost of about <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-9-ticket-is-it-here-to-stay/a-62669414">2.5 billion euros</a>. It<strong> </strong>offered a financial break, with a climate-friendly incentive on the side. That is, maybe take this extremely affordable train instead of your car.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uf9S04">
As of August, about 38 million people bought Germanys 9-Euro-Ticket, according to Deutsche Bahn (DB), Germanys national railway. In many places, ridership rebounded to pre-Covid-19 levels. Experts and officials said many people used the ticket for leisure, including some passengers who took trips they otherwise might not have been able to afford. Research and surveys on the impacts of the ticket are still ongoing, but <a href="https://www.hfp.tum.de/hfp/tum-think-tank/mobilitaet-leben/">one in Munich</a> showed car congestion in the city <a href="https://www.hfp.tum.de/hfp/tum-think-tank/mobilitaet-leben/">decreased 3 percent from May to June</a>, and another, by the association for Germanys transport companies, <a href="https://www.tagesschau.de/wirtschaft/verbraucher/9-euro-ticket-klimaschutz-verkehrsverlagerung-auto-oepnv-verkehr-stau-verkehrswende-101.html">found about 3 percent chose public transit over car</a>.
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<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/D0eP-k9dzr4H6DLA94XDc-42IsY=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23967445/IMG_4112__1_.jpg"/> <cite>Jen Kirby for Vox</cite>
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An advertisement for the 9-Euro-Ticket at the Brudermühlstaße U-Bahn station in Munich in August 2022.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="680TiR">
Those are modest shifts. And the ticket had its hiccups; especially in the early days, <a href="https://www.thelocal.de/20220607/e9-ticket-hundreds-of-german-trains-overcrowded-on-long-weekend/">routes were overcrowded and strained the rail systems</a>. But the affordability, and the simplicity of travel, all made the <a href="https://twitter.com/search?q=%239Euroticketbleibt&amp;src=trend_click&amp;vertical=trends">9-Euro-Ticket extremely popular</a>.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VIaLgj">
“The ticket shows that people want to use public transport — when its easy to use and when its affordable,” said Lukas Iffländer, the vice chairman of Fahrgastverband Pro Bahn, a passenger association.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qGiVfW">
The problem is, the 9-Euro-Ticket is about to end.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EJiCkD">
Right now, the government has no plan to immediately continue or replace it. Which means, starting in September, travelers will again pay regular fares, and maybe even more. Many transit companies are <a href="https://www.thelocal.de/20220818/will-german-transport-companies-hike-fares-after-e9-ticket/">expected to hike prices</a> because of energy costs.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QV5NCb">
All of that has left Germany trying to figure out what can, or should, replace the 9-Euro-Ticket. Thousands have <a href="https://9-euro-ticket-weiterfahren.de/">signed a petition</a> to keep it. On Twitter, the hashtag <a href="https://twitter.com/search?q=%239Euroticketbleibt&amp;src=trend_click&amp;vertical=trends">#9Euroticketbleibt</a> (basically, “the 9-Euro-Ticket stays”) is perpetually trending. Political parties, advocates, and industry groups have floated different proposals — <a href="https://www.golem.de/news/oepnv-nach-dem-9-euro-ticket-soll-das-69-euro-ticket-kommen-2207-166890.html">a 69 euro monthly ticket</a>, a <a href="https://www.iamexpat.de/expat-info/german-expat-news/left-calls-nationwide-365-euro-ticket-follow-9-euro-ticket-2023">365 euro yearly ticket</a>, and <a href="https://www.vcd.org/artikel/vcd-fordert-laender-plustickets-und-mobilitaetsgarantie">more</a>. German Chancellor Olaf Scholz called the 9-Euro-Ticket <a href="https://www.spiegel.de/auto/es-war-eine-der-besten-ideen-die-wir-hatten-a-9626990b-c149-4721-9398-521fa2495fec">“one of the best ideas we had</a>,” but the coalition government is also divided on its possible successor.
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<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/-J10KpVitT5apfWb0SnWXZZ-Yb8=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23967442/IMG_4096__1_.jpg"/> <cite>Jen Kirby for Vox</cite>
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A rider sits on the U-Bahn in Munich, beneath an advertisement for the 9-Euro-Ticket.
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The 9-Euro-Ticket was supposed to give Germans a break on rising energy expenses. It helped do that, but it brought Germany to reckon with what public transport can and should look like, especially in the age of an energy and climate crisis. This three-month experiment could help reshape the countrys transportation infrastructure.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="K0XKpI">
Although it probably will never be quite this cheap again.
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<h3 id="cCbJAY">
What Germany learned from its 9-Euro-Ticket experiment
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This spring, the German coalition government <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/germany-unveils-energy-relief-package-2022-03-24/">agreed on a series of measures </a>to help ease <a href="https://www.vox.com/russia-invasion-ukraine">the financial fallout</a> from the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The deal included ways to make travel and transport a little cheaper, including a reduction on gas and diesel tax starting in June. It also created this 9-Euro-Ticket, which would last for three months and allocate money to compensate local and regional transit companies for the lost revenues.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/0yLcx4reeFfqeewUBlIrQ49dIik=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23967436/IMG_4128.PNG"/> <cite>Jen Kirby for Vox</cite>
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A 9-Euro-Ticket, purchased through Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hi340l">
The 9-Euro-Ticket was cheap, obviously. A monthly ticket in Berlin <a href="https://www.bvg.de/en/tickets-tariffs/all-tickets/time-tickets/monthly-ticket">can ordinarily cost 86 euros</a> or more; in Munich, it depends on which zones youre traveling to, but can be <a href="https://www.mvv-muenchen.de/en/tickets-and-fares/frequent-travellers/index.html">upward of 150 euros each month</a>.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wziALK">
The 9-Euro-Ticket uncomplicated travel within cities and between them. “The best thing about the ticket that people said was just the simplicity of it,” said Isabel Cademartori, an SPD member of the Bundestag from Mannheim, serving on the Committee on Transport.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XyrpzM">
The 9-Euro-Ticket meant riders didnt have to game out complicated fare schemes, figuring out how much to pay depending on how far the travel, or when. People could ride the U-Bahn, and then hop on the local train to a neighboring city, and take the bus around town, all with the same ticket. (High-speed trains werent included in the 9-Euro-Ticket.)
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That affordability and ease of travel outside of your town or city also meant that a lot of people used the ticket for leisure getaways, according to government officials, advocates, and researchers. Callum, a PhD student from Munich, said that he used it to go on hiking trips. In the small villages and towns he passed through, he said, “they were saying to us all: You traveled out here because of the 9-Euro-Ticket, right? We were like, Yeah, definitely. So it really seemed to be appreciated by everyone.”
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Markus Siewert, managing director of the TUM Think Tank and member of the research team conducting a mobility study in and around Munich, said that they often received emails from people, seniors, or lower-income people, who said that the 9-Euro-Ticket meant they could go on vacation for the first time, or were able to send their children on a school field trip.
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But those trips did, at times, test Germanys transit infrastructure, especially on weekends and holidays. During one of the <a href="https://www.thelocal.de/20220607/e9-ticket-hundreds-of-german-trains-overcrowded-on-long-weekend/">first big holiday weekends of the ticket in June</a>, overcrowded trains slowed travel, platforms were full, and trains were at capacity. It also put pressure <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-9-euro-travel-ticket-success-or-failure/a-62329405">on train and station staff,</a> who had to handle the influx. Some of these problems eased over time, but it also revealed some strains on Germanys infrastructure.
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One of the secondary hopes for the ticket was that it might reduce gasoline consumption, as more people took these trips by train instead of using their cars.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7xMZx1">
On that question, the results arent as clear. One survey, from the Association of German Transport Companies (VDV), found that about a quarter of <a href="https://www.tagesschau.de/wirtschaft/verbraucher/9-euro-ticket-klimaschutz-verkehrsverlagerung-auto-oepnv-verkehr-stau-verkehrswende-101.html">trips made with the 9-Euro-Ticket wouldnt have been made</a> otherwise. When it came to using public transit instead of a car, the VDV found that only about 3 percent of people surveyed said they took transit instead of driving.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="omllLX">
Research from the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and the Munich School of Politics (HfP) think tank, in Munich, also had similar findings, and found a 3 percent decrease in car usage from May to June and the beginning of July.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Tt4a81">
But those same researchers found that about 35 percent of people in their Munich sample traveled by bus or tram more. About 22 percent of people in that same study used public transit for the first time; about a quarter of them used it four or more days a week. Traffic data from Tomtom also showed that <a href="https://newsingermany.com/less-traffic-jams-with-a-9-euro-ticket-analysis-of-tomtom-data-economy/">traffic congestion decreased</a> in 23 of 26 cities during the time of the 9-Euro-Ticket.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Pkye6Q">
And that was just in three months. Car owners werent going to fully abandon their cars during that period, but it at least gave them an incentive to use public transit. One big question that no one yet has an answer to is whether those less used to taking public transit before the 9-Euro-Ticket might still opt to take it after the program ends. And the other big question is whether a more permanent version of the 9-Euro-Ticket could accelerate or entrench such a transition — but to do, so the investment may need to go beyond a transport subsidy.
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“On the long term, if you want to have a transport transition, you have to have not too expensive open transport, and, on the other hand, you should have more and better trains and buses,” said Alexander Kaas Elias, the spokesperson for railway policy for the Greens Faction in Berlin.
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<h3 id="N9wP61">
A temporary measure that people want to make permanent. But how?
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Vd7Lfg">
Luka Blazic was waiting for the S-Bahn in Munich last week<strong>,</strong> but, he said, he did not have the 9-Euro-Ticket.
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The 25-year-old law student bought the 9-Euro-Ticket in June because he went to school and he had a lot of books, so it was hard to lug them all on his motorcycle. But when he really needed transit, say, after being out at night, it wasnt readily available. It also wasnt all that reliable. “If I would have had an important appointment, I wouldnt want to depend on public transit,” he said. He didnt buy the pass again in July or August. This August trip was a one-off thing.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zNuZIb">
The complaints about Munichs transit are a bit harder to sympathize with if you live, <a href="https://infrastructurereportcard.org/">well, in America</a>. But the 9-Euro-Ticket, in sending people back to public transit (or toward it for the the first time), did reveal some weaknesses in Germanys transit system. It can be confusing, and it also has some big gaps, especially in connections between cities and smaller towns, and within smaller cities, towns, and rural areas.
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Bernd Reuther, a Free Democrat Bundestag member from North-Rhine Westphalia, also on the Committee on Transport, said the 9-Euro-Ticket showed that Germany needs to simplify, but also expand and invest in infrastructure, to make it more reliable, so that people can use it in daily life. “If you have a good infrastructure then people will not use the car anymore. I mean, for my best example is the staff in my office. In my office [in Berlin], nobody has a car. In my home office, here in my voting district, everybody comes by car because they have no other chance to get there,” he said.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="txwhrq">
Many also see that kind of investment as necessary if Germany wants to meet its climate goals in the longer term — beyond the immediate energy crisis. For this, its not just about investing in public transit, but also using some sticks to wean people off of cars. Frederic Rudolph, the head of T3 Transportation Think Tank, which advocates for sustainable mobility, especially around bike access, said the incentive to use the 9-Euro-Ticket was blunted somewhat because the German government also increased fuel subsidies around the same time — that is, drivers got a break, too. “Its not sufficient if you only support alternatives to the car, but you have also to be more restrictive towards the car,” he said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OVOwTO">
But any effort to boost public transit ridership and infrastructure will cost money, and that is the big question looming around the 9-Euro-Ticket or its eventual successor. The government has estimated that it would cost 14 billion euros a year to continue the 9-Euro-Ticket, a sum that Finance Minister Christian Lindner, of the Free Democrats, said would take away from other necessary investments. “Nine euros per month isnt free of charge — it means someone else pays,” <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-20/lindner-says-1-year-of-9-ticket-would-cost-germany-14-billion">Lindner said recently.</a> “Money that then isnt available for education, for example.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JRnn7T">
Lindners comments are just one window into the divide on the 9-Euro-Ticket among Germanys coalition partners, the center-left SPD, the business-friendly Free Democrats, and the pro-environment Greens. Volker Wissing, the minister for Transport, has convened a working group in coordination with Germanys federal states, which typically run public transit, to come up with proposals, though that isnt expected until later in the fall.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt="A pop-up window reads, in part, “Presale for September. The 9-Euro-Ticket expires at the end of this month.”" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/TlPgl2qtwr6dDVUaZRAWHtgzp14=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23967557/IMG_4127.PNG"/> <cite>Jen Kirby for Vox</cite>
<figcaption>
A sad message.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tF80QY">
Some SPD officials <a href="https://www.zeit.de/news/2022-07/18/spd-abgeordneter-duerbrook-fuer-bundesweites-365-euro-ticket">have called</a> for a 365 euro annual ticket, which would basically put the cost of daily<strong> </strong>public transit at 1 euro. The Greens have put forward their own <a href="https://www.thelocal.de/20220805/how-the-greens-want-to-replace-germanys-e9-ticket-deal/">plan for a 29 euro regional monthly ticket</a>, which they argue make up the majority of trips anyway, and a <a href="https://www.thelocal.de/20220805/how-the-greens-want-to-replace-germanys-e9-ticket-deal/">49 euro monthly country-wide ticket</a>. Industry groups and advocates have also come up with similar proposals for a <a href="https://www.thelocal.de/20220704/germany-considers-klimaticket-to-replace-e9-public-transport-offer/">“Klimaticket”</a> as some have called it, including flex regions — so you dont pay more if you pass over a border — and other monthly options.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="n1XjDL">
Most officials and even some advocates concede that 9 euros is probably a bit too cheap. But the goal is to find a price tag that feels accessible and worthwhile, no matter the income level or location. And above all else, keeping things simple and lowering the obstacles to access was maybe the most important lesson of the experiment. “The people want a German-wide ticket,” said Tim Alexandrin, spokesperson for the Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5k3dNJ">
The people want it, but it doesnt look as though Germany will come up with a new plan before the 9-Euro-Ticket expires. The success of the ticket proved Germanys public transit systems can be more accessible and affordable — but it also showed what it might take to get there.
</p></li>
<li><strong>NASAs latest moon mission is the dawn of a new space age</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="Photocollage of a rocket ship on a launchpad with planets and a spaceship surrounding and behind it. " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/sV2sBsyYkI17DuOKSby889z9zEc=/243x0:1594x1013/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/71291263/artemis_launch_board_1b.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Christina Animashaun/Vox
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
NASA will launch the Orion spacecraft from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Monday morning.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kcYvHa">
A new NASA rocket is about to take off on a historic mission to the moon. The Artemis I mission wont land on the lunar surface, but the trip itself will be the farthest <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/around-the-moon-with-nasa-s-first-launch-of-sls-with-orion">a vehicle designed for human astronauts</a> has ever traveled into space.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HXfnaE">
There wont be any humans on NASAs big trip, but there will be three astronauts: Helga, Zohar, and <a href="https://www.space.com/nasa-moonikin-artemis-1-mannequin-on-orion-capsule">Moonikin Campos</a>. Theyre high-tech manikins — thats the term for human models <a href="https://www.latimes.com/socal/daily-pilot/opinion/story/2021-01-12/a-word-please-the-word-manakin-crosses-this-editors-eyes">used in scientific research</a> — filled with sensors that will test how the human body responds to space travel. Helga and Zohar are designed to measure the effects of radiation on womens bodies in space, and Moonikin Campos will sit in the commanders seat to track just how bumpy a voyage to the moon might be for future human crewmembers. While these manikins might not look particularly impressive on their own, they will play a critical role in NASAs ambitions to build a new pathway to the moon and, eventually, send astronauts to Mars. Theyre also just one of several science experiments aboard the mission meant to better our understanding of space travel.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="SkiHhQ">
The Artemis I mission will begin at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Monday morning. NASA is currently targeting a takeoff window between 8:33 and 10:33 am ET. At that point, the Space Launch System (SLS), the <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nasa-moon-rocket-artemis-mission/">most powerful rocket</a> NASA has ever built, will lift off, carrying the Orion spacecraft on its nose. Once the vehicle leaves orbit, Orion will travel past the moon, and then <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/around-the-moon-with-nasa-s-first-launch-of-sls-with-orion">thousands of miles beyond it</a>, before turning around and heading back to Earth — a 1.3 million-mile journey that will last 42 days. You can watch the <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CMLD0Lp0JBg">launch here</a>, starting on Monday at 6:30 am ET.
</p>
<div id="sLLJ7R">
<div style="width: 100%; height: 0; padding-bottom: 56.25%;">
</div>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2ahUwC">
“This is a good demonstration that the rocket works the way its supposed to,” Wendy Whitman Cobb, a professor at the US Air Forces School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, told Recode. “It will give NASA a little bit more confidence for crewed missions coming up in the next couple of years.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="lYEQDq">
Artemis is the next generation of moon missions. Its part of NASAs broader ambitions for lunar exploration, which include astronaut treks across the moons surface, a lunar human <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-outlines-lunar-surface-sustainability-concept">habitat</a>, and a new space station called <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/gateway">Gateway</a>. Artemis I also sets the groundwork for the next two missions in the Artemis program: Artemis 2 is scheduled to send humans on a similar trip around the moon in 2024, and Artemis 3 will make history by landing the first woman and the first person of color on the lunar surface sometime in 2025, at the earliest. All of the research happening on Artemis I — including Helga, Zohar, and Moonikin Campos — is meant to prepare for those later missions.
</p>
<h3 id="jPPm6n">
All aboard Artemis 1
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7dGuhg">
NASAs ride to the moon, the SLS, was designed to carry an extremely heavy payload. The rocket is just a few meters taller than <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasa-knows/what-is-the-space-launch-system-k4.html">the Statue of Liberty</a>, and it can generate <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/sls/index.html">8.8 million pounds of thrust</a>. Like other launch systems, the SLS is made up of several different stages, each of which plays a role in overcoming Earths gravity, breaking through the atmosphere, and reaching outer space. To make that happen, the SLS includes <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/sls/to-the-moon.html">twin solid rocket boosters</a>, as well as a <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/sls/multimedia/infographics/corestage101.html">212-foot tall core stage</a> filled with <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/sls/fs/sls.html">more than 700,000 gallons</a> of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen. Its <a href="https://blogs.nasa.gov/artemis/tag/core-stage/">the largest core stage</a> NASA has ever made.
</p>
<div class="c-wide-block">
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/5YwFte3XcjI1EJQjryVzgsuFOCc=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23973485/GettyImages_1239277165t.jpg"/> <cite>Joel Kowsky/NASA via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
A view of the the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket with the Orion spacecraft aboard from the Rocco A. Petrone Launch Control Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida.
</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XbJSi7">
After takeoff, the boosters will fire for <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/sls/fired-up-engines-and-motors-put-artemis-mission-in-motion.html">about 2 minutes</a> before separating from the vehicle, falling back toward the ground, and landing in the Atlantic Ocean. Eight minutes in, the core stage will do the same. At that point, the Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage (ICPS) will take over and circle the Earth once. About 90 minutes into the flight, the ICPS will give Orion the <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/around-the-moon-with-nasa-s-first-launch-of-sls-with-orion">“big push”</a> it needs to start flying in the direction of the moon, and then fall away.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="plbvmG">
While technically new, the SLS is based on older technology. Several of its components, including <a href="https://www.space.com/artemis-1-space-shuttle-hardware">its main engines</a>, are either from or based on systems used by the NASA Space Shuttle program, which ended in 2011. And while other space launches have started using reusable, or at least partially reusable, rocket boosters, the SLS launched on Monday will only fly once. This differentiates SLS from Starship, the super-heavy launch vehicle that SpaceX is designing for moon missions. SpaceX, which beat out Blue Origin for <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/16/science/spacex-moon-nasa.html#:~:text=Elon%20Musk's%20company%20bested%20Jeff,astronauts%20to%20the%20lunar%20surface.">a $2.9 billion contract</a> to build NASAs lunar landing system, expects Starships first orbital test flight to take place sometime in <a href="https://www.space.com/spacex-starship-orbital-test-flight-launch-window#:~:text=The%20company%20is%20apparently%20targeting,1.&amp;text=The%20first%20orbital%20test%20flight,window%20that%20opens%20on%20Sept.">the next six months</a>. Congresss decision to fund SLS is an ongoing <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/08/former-nasa-official-on-trying-to-stop-sls-there-was-just-such-visible-hostility/">sore spot</a> within the space industry because the project went <a href="https://techcrunch.com/2020/03/11/nasas-sls-moon-rocket-is-2-years-behind-and-billions-over-budget-internal-report-finds/">billions over budget</a> and was delayed several times, and because private companies are now developing less expensive alternatives.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Vs4TpX">
“Congress has put up with the over-budget, behind schedule, because SLS has kept the money and jobs flowing to key congressional districts,” explains Whitman Cobb.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZWgPqY">
There is broad-based support for Orion, which NASA designed specifically for Artemis missions, as well as potential trips to nearby asteroids or <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/orion/about/index.html">Mars</a>. The spacecraft was built by Lockheed Martin and, from the outside, it looks like a giant turkey baster with wing-like panels coming out from its side. Orion is home to the Artemis crew module, which is where astronauts jettisoning to and from the moon will eventually spend their time. Once the spacecraft is vetted for human astronauts, the crew module is expected to offer various space travel amenities, including <a href="https://www.cnet.com/science/moon-bound-nasa-astronauts-get-nifty-sleeping-bags-for-snoozing-in-space/">sleeping bags</a>, an assortment of new NASA-recipe <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/space-food-bars-will-keep-orion-weight-off-and-crew-weight-on">space food bars</a>, and a revamped <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/boldly-go-nasa-s-new-space-toilet-offers-more-comfort-improved-efficiency-for-deep-space">space toilet</a> thats designed for zero gravity and people of all genders.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="x9Tfwd">
On this mission, the primary passengers will be a collection of science experiments. One test involves the NASA manikins Zohar and Helga, which are made of <a href="https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Orion/Radiation_for_dummies">38 slices of plastic</a> that are meant to imitate human tissue, as well as more than <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/artemis-i-space-radiation-research-to-help-moon-mars-explorers/">5,600 sensors and 34 radiation</a> detectors. Theres a <a href="https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2019/5/14/18306893/apollo-50-nasa-spaceflight-human-body-twin-study">high level of radiation in space</a>, which is a source of ongoing concern that future astronauts could face heightened cancer risk, especially as space trips become longer and more ambitious. Both of these manikins were designed with breasts and uteri because women tend to be more sensitive to radiation. Zohar will also wear a specialized protective vest called AstroRed, which engineers are evaluating as a potential way to protect astronauts from radiation, including during <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/orion-passengers-on-artemis-i-to-test-radiation-vest-for-deep-space-missions">solar flares</a>. Helga wont receive a vest, and will allow NASA to study how much the AstroRed actually helped.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="N4x86g">
Orion is also carrying <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-02293-8">an experiment</a> thats meant to test how yeast responds to radiation. Researchers plan to store freeze-dried yeast underneath one of the Orion crew seats, and then expose the yeast to fluid over the course of three days in space. Once Orion lands back on Earth, scientists will analyze the yeasts DNA to study how it fared. The experiment could yield insight into how humans might stay healthy in space during future trips.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="d9OcAr">
A version of Amazons Alexa voice assistant, which has been downloaded onto an iPad, is hitching a ride, too. NASA is testing Callisto, a virtual AI that Amazon, Cisco, and Lockheed Martin designed <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/callisto-technology-demonstration-to-fly-aboard-orion-for-artemis-i">to communicate with astronauts</a>. While the tech might sound a little like HAL from <em>2001: A Space Odyssey</em>, the engineers say the system is meant to provide assistance and companionship.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ricPQ4">
“Callisto is a standalone payload onboard the Orion spacecraft, and it does not have any control over flight control or other mission-critical systems,” says Justin Nikolaus, a lead Alexa experience designer at Amazon.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JNONbf">
Other aspects of Artemis Is payload are more sentimental. A plush doll version of the Shaun the Sheep character from the Wallace and Gromit franchise will travel on Orion. So will a <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/snoopy-to-fly-on-nasas-artemis-i-moon-mission/">Snoopy doll</a> outfitted in an astronaut costume, along with a pen nib that Charles M. Schultz used to draw the Peanuts series, wrapped in a comic strip. Momentos from the <a href="http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-080322a-artemis-1-official-flight-kit-ofk.html">Apollo 11 mission</a>, which landed the first humans on the lunar surface in the 1960s, are also going, including a tiny sample of moon dust and a piece of an engine.
</p>
<h3 id="Wx3hBt">
Beyond the moon
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JptOBv">
Some of Artemis Is most important research projects wont be returning to Earth. The mission includes plans to launch 10 miniature satellites, called CubeSats, into the moons orbit. These satellites will collect data that NASA, along with private companies, could eventually use to navigate on and around the moon.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="o3TQkq">
One satellite, <a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=LUNIR">LunIR</a>, will study the safety of the lunar surface with infrared imaging, producing information that could influence where <a href="https://www.space.com/nasa-artemis-1-moon-mission-cubesats">astronauts will eventually travel</a>. One satellite, called <a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=L-ICECUBE">the Lunar IceCube</a>, will attempt to detect lunar sources of water, which NASA could eventually use as a resource. Another satellite, <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/content/nea-scout">NEA Scout</a>, will head to a small, nearby asteroid, a side trip that could inform future crewed missions to other asteroids. The satellites will be launched by another component, called the Orion Stage Adapter, only after the spacecraft is <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/sls/international-partners-provide-cubesats-for-sls-maiden-flight">a safe distance away</a>.
</p>
<div class="c-wide-block">
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/tf52Yu4GCikCpBzImARFr31jIes=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23973523/49110959026_dd4ccef250_6kt.jpg"/> <cite>Courtesy of NASA</cite>
<figcaption>
The Orion spacecraft loaded into a NASA aircraft at the Space Florida-operated Launch and Landing Facility runway at the Kennedy Space Center on November 21, 2019.
</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qVExbh">
These satellites are a reminder that NASA is interested in far more than just visiting the moon. The Artemis program is laying the groundwork for an unprecedented level of activity on the lunar surface, including a human base camp, a series of nuclear reactors, and a mineral mining operation. NASA has expressly said that it wants to develop a lunar economy, and the space agency has also established the Artemis Accords, a set of principles for exploring the moon that <a href="https://www.space.com/artemis-accords-moon-space-exploration-importance">more than 20 countries</a> have now joined.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zRZSer">
Eventually, NASA plans to turn the moon into a pit stop on a much more ambitious journey: a human mission to Mars. Right now, it seems like that could happen sometime in the late 2030s. But while many of these plans are still far out, its clear that the Artemis program is far more than a repeat of the Apollo program.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Qc25gc">
“Apollo was a political act in the context of the Cold War to demonstrate US national power to the world. It was explicitly a race with the Soviet Union to be first to the moon. Once we were first to the moon, the reason for continuing went away,” explains John Logsdon, the founder of the Space Policy Institute at George Washington University. “Artemis is intended as the first program in a long-term program of human exploration.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IgGcvY">
Of course, all of this hinges on the Artemis I mission running smoothly. NASA still needs to evaluate how well SLS and Orion work together during liftoff. The space agency also needs to study how well Orion survives its descent through the atmosphere, which we wont know for quite some time. If all goes well, the Orion capsule, along with its motley payload of science experiments and galactic tchotchkes, will return to Earth and splash down in the Pacific Ocean on October 10.
</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>F1 2022: Dominant Verstappen sets Belgian GP pace, wont worry over grid penalty</strong> - Though Red Bulls world champion and 2022 leader Max Verstappen clocked a best lap in 1 minute 45.507 seconds in first practice, he is set to start Sundays race from the back end of the grid after collecting grid penalties</p></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The number of companies caught up in the Twilio hack keeps growing</strong> - 2FA provider Authy, password manager LastPass, and DoorDash all experienced breaches. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1876496">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Some day well be recycling wind turbine blades into yummy gummy bears</strong> - Recyclable polymer resin could also be used for car taillights, diapers, kitchen sinks. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1876374">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Poopy lettuce at Wendys still prime suspect in outbreak that just doubled</strong> - Wendys has already pulled the suspect lettuce from its burgers and sandwiches. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1876438">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Walmart lists a 30TB portable SSD for $39. It is, naturally, a scam</strong> - But the “30TB” disk does at least try to fool users in clever ways. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1876366">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID coalition over, Moderna sues Pfizer and BioNTech over vaccines</strong> - With vaccines widely available, Moderna wants to be paid for its earlier work. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1876381">link</a></p></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
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<li><strong>Having homosexual parents must be terrible</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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Either you have double dosage of dad jokes or you are stuck in cycle of “go ask your mom”
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/not-average-joe"> /u/not-average-joe </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/wz0b50/having_homosexual_parents_must_be_terrible/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/wz0b50/having_homosexual_parents_must_be_terrible/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>Job interviewer: Where do you see yourself in 5 years?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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Me: I would say my biggest weakness is listening.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/thesadshow"> /u/thesadshow </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/wyqenr/job_interviewer_where_do_you_see_yourself_in_5/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/wyqenr/job_interviewer_where_do_you_see_yourself_in_5/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>Two scientists were walking around in Russia during winter</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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Scientist one: Its really cold outside, how many degrees?
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Scientist two: its -40°
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Scientist one: Celsius or Fahrenheit?
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Scientist two: Yes.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/MyMainIsbannedForCP"> /u/MyMainIsbannedForCP </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/wyvwmg/two_scientists_were_walking_around_in_russia/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/wyvwmg/two_scientists_were_walking_around_in_russia/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>A Frenchman, an American and an Australian are in a pub…</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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And the Frenchman says, “When I make love to my wife shes in such ecstasy her body rises centimetres off the bed.”
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The American, not to be outdone, replies, “When I have sex with my wife shes having so much fun she rises inches off the bed.”
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They both then look at the Australian and ask “what about you, what does your wife do when you have sex?” The Australian replies “Well, when I finish rooting my misses I wipe my cock on the curtains and she hits the fucking roof!”
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/SprJenkins"> /u/SprJenkins </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/wyws4p/a_frenchman_an_american_and_an_australian_are_in/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/wyws4p/a_frenchman_an_american_and_an_australian_are_in/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>My daughter brought a friend from school and she said his great-great-great-great-grandfather was coming to pick him up later</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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I was impressed and asked: “Does he know how his so many greats grandfather lived for so long?”
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My daughter answered: “Its because of my friends stutter.”
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/EndlessMorfeus"> /u/EndlessMorfeus </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/wy8l3x/my_daughter_brought_a_friend_from_school_and_she/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/wy8l3x/my_daughter_brought_a_friend_from_school_and_she/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
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