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<title>14 November, 2021</title>
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<title>Daily-Dose</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><style>*{overflow-x:hidden;}</style><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
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<ul>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Does Xi Jinping’s Seizure of History Threaten His Future?</strong> - The struggles of the first century of Communist Party rule are being buried by the need to cohere around what Xi calls “the great rejuvenation” of China. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/does-xi-jinpings-seizure-of-history-threaten-his-future">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Inside the Democrats’ Battle to Build Back Better</strong> - House progressives delayed the infrastructure bill to protect Biden’s multitrillion-dollar agenda. Did it work? - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/the-political-scene/inside-the-democrats-battle-to-build-back-better">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Trial of Kyle Rittenhouse Begins with Gruesome Videos and a Plea for Fact-Finding</strong> - The rifle-wielding teen-ager killed two men and grievously wounded a third during racial-justice protests in Kenosha, Wisconsin. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/the-trial-of-kyle-rittenhouse-begins-with-gruesome-videos-and-a-plea-%20for-fact-finding">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How Britney Spears Got Free, and What Comes Next</strong> - Spears fought for years to end the conservatorship she was under, and finally won. But the legal battles aren’t over. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/how-britney-spears-got-free-and-what-comes-next">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ted Cruz Gets to Sesame Street</strong> - The senator from Texas draws the ire of Big Bird and company. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/cartoons/blitts-kvetchbook/ted-cruz-gets-to-sesame-street">link</a></p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>What Steve Bannon’s indictment means for Trump’s stonewalling tactics</strong> -
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<figure>
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<img alt="Media surround former Trump strategist Steve Bannon exits the Manhattan Federal Court in New
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York City on August 20, 2020." src="https://cdn.vox-
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cdn.com/thumbor/cPO7OTOqEgRqA0rfeyr3i9sSH8c=/352x0:3200x2136/1310x983/cdn.vox-
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cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/70138870/1228128971.0.jpg"/>
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<figcaption>
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Former White House strategist Steve Bannon exits the Manhattan Federal Court in New York City on August 20, 2020. | Stephanie Keith/Getty Images
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</figcaption>
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</figure>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
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A Steve Bannon indictment shows the DOJ willing to enforce Congress’s subpoena power.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ndySME">
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On Friday, Steve Bannon, a former top adviser to President Donald Trump, was <a href="https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/stephen-k-bannon-indicted-contempt-congress">indicted</a> for contempt of Congress, signaling that Trump’s ability to shield himself from potentially damning disclosures related to the January 6 attack on the capital may be waning.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DWr3Cv">
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The indictment is the first of its kind in <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/12/us/politics/bannon-indicted.html">nearly 40 years</a>, and it could be an important sign of things to come as Congress seeks testimony from the <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/11/10/politics/list-january-6-subpoenas/index.html">35 people and groups</a>, including Bannon, who have so far received a subpoena.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zxokL7">
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Bannon, who was <a href="https://january6th.house.gov/news/press-releases/select-committee-subpoenas-individuals-tied-former-president-
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days-surrounding">subpoenaed</a> along with a number of other former Trump officials in September, <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/8/18/16145188/steve-bannon-fired-resigns">left the administration</a> in 2017, but reporting about Bannon’s conversations with Trump in the lead-up to the January 6 attack, as well as remarks made on his podcast, <em>War Room, </em>indicate that his testimony would be of significant interest to the committee.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="lZCw8u">
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On January 5, just one day before the attack, Bannon told listeners of his podcast that “All hell is going to break loose tomorrow,” <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/18/politics/trump-bannon-stone-
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giuliani-capitol-riot-invs/index.html">according to CNN</a>; in December, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/23/politics/steve-bannon-january-6-capitol-riot/index.html">according to reporting by Bob Woodward and Robert Costa in their recent book <em>Peril</em></a>, Bannon told Trump that, “We are going to kill it in the crib. Kill the Biden presidency in the crib.”
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3nZHyW">
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Despite Friday’s indictment, it’s extremely unclear whether even the prospect of jail time will compel Bannon to testify; <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/11/12/some-exile-trumpworld-is-less-appealing-than-prison/">as the Washington Post’s Philip Bump wrote on Friday</a>, “the indictment will likely be a point of pride [for Bannon], proof that he’s a true soldier in this world-altering struggle that he’s been hyping on his show.”
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CuAhYA">
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Regardless of Bannon’s own inclination to testify, however, it now appears substantially more likely that he will face some consequence for not doing so, unlike previous Trump officials who have flouted subpoenas; if found guilty, <a href="https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/stephen-k-bannon-indicted-contempt-congress">according to the DOJ</a>, he will face “a minimum of 30 days and a maximum of one year in jail, as well as a fine of $100 to $1,000” for each of the two charges of contempt.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="h4xYp4">
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Additionally, with the DOJ backing up Congress’s requests for information with real legal muscle, the threat of a subpoena could prove a powerful incentive to testify — and a key tool for Congress in the face of Trump’s efforts to stonewall the investigation.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CbRv4C">
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The Bannon indictment is just one of two developments this week that suggest Trump’s stonewalling tactics could be reaching their limit; the other came earlier in the week, when a DC district court judge <a href="https://int.nyt.com/data/documenttools/chutkan-trump-nara/4fb1c64c09b2e50a/full.pdf">ruled</a> the committee should receive documents from the Trump White House related to the attack.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="o0jYBE">
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For the time being, a <a href="https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/zoetillman/trump-insurrection-january-6-investigation-records">temporary administrative injunction</a> means that the committee will have to wait at least a while longer to receive the documents — arguments before the DC Circuit Court of Appeals are <a href="https://twitter.com/ZoeTillman/status/1458903458040401925?s=20">set for November 30</a> — but experts say the case is moving quickly by the standards of federal courts, a blow to Trump’s efforts to run out the clock.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gK5Y7J">
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Specifically, Chutkan’s decision was delivered just 23 days after Trump filed suit, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/10/us/politics/swift-ruling-tests-trump-delay-tactic.html">according to the New York Times</a>; in contrast, it took a district court more than three months to rule on a <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/10/us/politics/swift-ruling-tests-trump-delay-tactic.html">2019 effort</a> to compel former White House Counsel Don McGahn to testify regarding Trump’s efforts to obstruct the Russia investigation.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ECYoqA">
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In her Tuesday ruling, Judge <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2021/11/09/trump-executive-
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privilege-court-ruling-kings-520512">Tanya Chutkan</a> concluded that Trump’s claims of executive privilege are not sufficient to withhold the documents from Congress, writing that “the public interest lies in permitting—not enjoining—the combined will of the legislative and executive branches to study the events that led to and occurred on January 6.”
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="L8Ibq4">
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“Presidents are not kings, and Plaintiff [Trump] is not President,” Chutkan said.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NRuE93">
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Between that case and the threat of indictment now hovering over intransigent former Trump administration officials — and with Trump and the GOP removed from power at least until the 2022 midterm elections — there’s a real possibility that Trump’s favorite tactic, stonewalling, won’t be as effective a shield for him as it has been previously.
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</p>
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<h3 id="HfEUsv">
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Stonewalling is a classic Trump tactic — and one that has worked before
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</h3>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yZXzHj">
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Trump has leaned heavily on delaying tactics throughout his presidency, and there’s a good reason he’s doing the same thing now: It’s worked before.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cYEipz">
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In the past, either as a candidate or in office with the levers of power at his disposal, Trump has successfully stalled, obstructed, or given the runaround to any number of efforts to uncover potentially embarrassing, or even incriminating, information about himself.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TF1mxF">
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Even before taking office, Trump successfully and repeatedly punted on the issue of releasing his tax returns, <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-58020969">citing</a> an audit by the IRS that the agency itself has said wouldn’t prevent him from doing so, and ultimately managed to forestall their release until after leaving office, when the <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-court-trump-taxes-idUSKBN2AM1MN">US Supreme Court ruled</a> that Trump’s tax returns could be released to the New York City district attorney’s office in a probe into Trump’s personal and business finances.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="idOTk1">
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Similar tactics, including a flat refusal to comply with subpoenas, also worked while Trump was in office; though he was <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-
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politics/2019/12/18/21026767/trump-impeached-impeachment-vote-results-update">impeached</a> for <a href="https://www.vox.com/2019/12/10/21004695/articles-of-impeachment-full-text-read">obstruction of Congress</a> — in addition to abuse of power — in 2019 after directing government agencies and witnesses not to comply with congressional subpoenas, he was ultimately <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/2/5/21124038/senate-acquits-trump-impeachment-
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articles">acquitted</a> in the Senate.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IpJUx3">
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As <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/10/politics/donald-
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trump-white-house-transparency-stonewalling/index.html">CNN’s Maegan Vazquez</a> pointed out last year, Trump’s “habit of noncompliance is, in some ways, an effective strategy”: Even prior to his first impeachment, Trump’s strategy successfully hampered the Mueller investigation. Under pressure to turn around a report quickly, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/10/politics/donald-trump-white-house-transparency-stonewalling/index.html">Vazquez points out</a>, Mueller declined to interview Trump directly, knowing that it would turn into a legal morass that would hold up the investigation as long as possible.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3Q2qSf">
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But while Trump’s tactics often succeeded when he was in office, with Republicans controlling at least one chamber of Congress, now that Trump and his party are out of power, there’s only so much he can do to block the January 6 committee’s ongoing investigation into his conduct.
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</p>
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<h3 id="tKl182">
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Congress doesn’t have time to waste, but Trump may have a lot to hide
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</h3>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="87ccsj">
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Bannon’s indictment also signals the seriousness with which the January 6 committee is handling its investigation — and for good reason.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="W5iXsY">
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Among other issues, the committee is potentially facing a time crunch: With the 2022 midterms coming up quickly and Republicans in prime position to <a href="https://www.rollcall.com/2021/11/10/its-not-too-early-
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to-say-gop-is-well-positioned-to-take-congress/">win back control of the House</a>, the committee could have only so much time to conduct its investigation before it’s in danger of being shuttered by a Republican House majority.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="v3nyau">
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That means Trump’s stonewalling tactics are potentially all the more potent, if they succeed, and it raises the stakes of the committee’s work.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Wre3MN">
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Specifically, while much is already known about the actions of Trump and his allies following the 2020 presidential election and ahead of the January 6 insurrection, Trump advisers could still provide key firsthand details if compelled to testify.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9fKpx5">
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Bannon in particular, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/23/politics/steve-bannon-january-6-capitol-riot/index.html">reporting suggests</a>, was a major instigator in the events that led to the January 6 attack; attorney <a href="https://www.npr.org/2021/11/08/1053632748/jan-6-committee-subpoenas-trump-officials-michael-flynn">John Eastman</a>, another key figure who wrote a memo outlining the ways that Trump could attempt to overthrow the 2020 election results, was also <a href="https://january6th.house.gov/news/press-releases/select-committee-subpoenas-
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additional-witnesses-tied-efforts-overturn-election">subpoenaed</a> by the committee this week.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6mKQY0">
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So far, many of Trump’s inner circle have failed to comply with subpoenas; on Friday, his former chief of staff, Mark Meadows, blew past a <a href="https://www.npr.org/2021/11/12/1055096462/lawyer-for-mark-meadows-says-courts-will-have-
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to-resolve-jan-6-panel-dispute">deadline to testify</a> and could now be facing a contempt of Congress referral of his own.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CP4OTQ">
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But as progress this week on several fronts demonstrates, Trump’s best efforts to stonewall haven’t slowed the process as much as he might have hoped. By all indications, the January 6 committee is willing to use its power to pursue a thorough investigation, and if so, it might still have time enough to uncover new details of what happened on January 6 — and how Trump, the <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/11/13/top-10-gop-
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presidential-candidates-2024-ranked/">clear favorite for the 2024 Republican presidential nomination</a>, was involved.
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</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>What the world did and didn’t accomplish at COP26</strong> -
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<figure>
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<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/-wVroCRhjpndfgNd-
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Szu6ewugmI=/216x0:4543x3245/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/70138390/GettyImages_1236516843.0.jpg"/>
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<figcaption>
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A passerby walks in front of a mural on the 1.5 degree target at the COP26 Climate Change Conference in Glasgow, Scotland, on November 12. | Christoph Soeder/picture alliance via Getty Images
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</figcaption></figure></li>
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</ul>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
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The biggest climate conference in history was a tiny step toward solving a gargantuan problem.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8b5nEK">
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GLASGOW, Scotland — The high-stakes COP26 climate change talks in Glasgow concluded on Saturday evening with the strongest government commitments to fighting climate change in history. Yet they’re still not enough to meet the ambitious targets of the Paris climate agreement and stave off some of the worst consequences of global warming.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7GcvRa">
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It was not the massive course correction for the climate that activists — some of whom staged a “die-in” outside the COP26 venue — were clamoring for.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jdUNYc">
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“I hope you can appreciate that where I live, a 2 degree [Celsius warmer] world means that a billion people will be affected by extreme heat stress,” Vanessa Nakate, a climate activist from Uganda, told attendees. “I hope you can understand why many of the activists who are here in Glasgow and millions of activists who could not be here do not see the success that is being applauded in these halls.”
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="H0qshB">
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But unlike so many climate meetings in recent years, the negotiations in Glasgow did not collapse or produce only a tepid statement of consensus.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="d7fyb0">
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After working through the night on Friday, past the scheduled close of 5 pm, negotiators made progress on some crucial unsolved problems, like how countries can trade emissions credits and pledging more money to deal with the staggering costs of climate change in developing countries.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="PKyUhf">
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The final agreement, dubbed the <a href="https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/cma2021_L16_adv.pdf">Glasgow Climate Pact</a>, was endorsed by nearly 200 countries and functions as a set of principles and goals for action on climate change. While there is no enforcement mechanism, the agreement serves as a lever for international political pressure.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZWL2zp">
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For the first time, UN climate negotiators specifically called to draw down fossil fuels, which scientists say is necessary to meet climate targets. Many countries and corporations have fiercely resisted ending their reliance on oil, gas, and coal — the dominant sources of greenhouse gases that trap heat in the atmosphere.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uaEPPt">
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More than 130 countries also said they will zero out their impact on the climate in the next half-century, and most countries strengthened their pledges to cut emissions. India announced at the beginning of the two-week conference a target of net-zero emissions by 2070. That means the world’s three largest greenhouse-gas emitters — China, the US, and India, accounting for nearly half of global emissions — are now aiming to stop contributing to climate change completely in the coming decades. India, however, weakened some of the language on ending coal power in the final hours of the meeting.
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</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pu8vk7">
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“This is the moment of truth for our planet and it’s the moment of truth for our children and our grandchildren,” said COP president Alok Sharma. “These decisions I believe set out tangible next steps and very clear milestones to get us on track to meet the goals of the Paris agreement.”
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</p>
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<figure class="e-image">
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<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/rrddzad7NOKu9Q2iTXyg4E6vxZw=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
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cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23010636/GettyImages_1236519724.jpg"/> <cite>Ben Stansall/AFP via Getty Images</cite>
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<figcaption>
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COP26 president Alok Sharma (second from right) speaks with members of his team during negotiations on November 12.
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</figcaption>
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</figure>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jYbayR">
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But other key topics like setting up a system to pay for damages wrought by climate change, a high priority for countries facing sea-level rise and more extreme disasters today, were still unsettled.
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</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XSTmhH">
|
||
“It is not perfect, it is not without fault, but it does represent real progress,” said Tina Stege, climate envoy for the Marshall Islands. “There is work to do on loss and damage … and we know and we commit to focusing on this in the coming year to find actual solutions.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2YswrG">
|
||
Glasgow also showed how much UN climate events have evolved in line with the urgency of the issues. What were once sleepy affairs with hundreds of bureaucrats have become carefully stage-managed international festivals. The COP26 meeting, with 39,000 registered attendees across the sprawling Scottish Event Campus along the River Clyde, was the largest climate meeting in history.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eXIxGZ">
|
||
In addition to world leaders like President Joe Biden and former President Barack Obama, <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-59139279">celebrities</a>, <a href="https://ukcop26.org/events/5x15-at-cop26-arts-and-the-imagination-hosted-by-brian-eno/">artists, musicians, authors</a>, and 3,700 reporters attended. The venue included massive meeting halls, a huge showroom where countries brought exhibits, and Instagram-ready art pieces. COP26 ads greeted travelers at every major airport in the United Kingdom proclaiming “the world is looking to you” and banners hung in major cities across the country.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Ek4srf">
|
||
However, the true test of the negotiations will be the actions that countries take to make their pledges real — not just in terms of reducing emissions, but also restoring ecosystems, switching to clean energy, and addressing the historic injustices around climate change.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FOs7Op">
|
||
Countries came to the table rattled by a year of disasters worsened by climate change — like <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-58866854">flooding in China</a>, <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/uttarakhands-most-disaster-related-deaths-
|
||
in-2021/articleshow/87231742.cms">flooding in India</a>, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/aug/23/climate-crisis-made-deadly-german-floods-up-to-nine-times-
|
||
more-likely">flooding in Germany</a>, <a href="https://www.vox.com/22538401/heat-wave-record-temperature-extreme-
|
||
climate-change-drought">heat waves in the US</a>, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/sep/22/russia-forest-
|
||
fire-damage-worst-since-records-began-says-greenpeace">wildfires in Russia</a> — illustrating just how much is at stake. A <a href="https://www.vox.com/22613027/un-ipcc-climate-change-report-ar6-disaster">major new scientific report</a> also came out this summer and found that rising temperatures are causing irreversible “widespread and rapid changes” in every inhabited part of the world.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oR8Pt7">
|
||
In stark white meeting rooms, island nations sat directly across from major polluters. Outside, environmental campaigners chanted and clapped, calling for climate justice and definitive actions to keep warming in check.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="l851Lf">
|
||
By itself, COP26 was never likely to bring the world fully in line with the goals of the 2015 Paris climate agreement, limiting global warming to less than 2 degrees Celsius this century, with a second target of staying below 1.5<strong>°</strong>C. The process is slow and tedious; the latest iteration did not deliver a decisive victory and left few happy. But it’s a small bit of progress.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="9OWCUu">
|
||
What COP26 actually accomplished
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BlMF2e">
|
||
When 196 parties adopted the Paris climate agreement in 2015, their individual promises were far too modest to limit global warming in line with the goals they set. If those pledges were fulfilled, the world would be on course to warm by roughly 2.7°C by 2100. And those pledges were not being fulfilled. In fact, greenhouse gas emissions continued to rise in the years since.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<aside id="osGnzH">
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</aside>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ibOBeU">
|
||
But countries also agreed to ramp up their commitments, known as nationally determined contributions (NDCs), over time. So far, <a href="https://climateactiontracker.org/climate-target-
|
||
update-tracker/">150 countries</a> have agreed to step up their goals. More than 130 have pledged to reach <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-58874518">net-zero emissions by 2050</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qebJjQ">
|
||
Estimates vary, but the sum of the new NDCs plus net-zero commitments — if they are met — would put the world on course <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-do-cop26-promises-keep-global-warming-below-2c">to warm by roughly 1.8°C</a>, though there is a wide range of uncertainty around this number.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<figure class="e-image">
|
||
<pre><code> <img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/FWrVbP_Bl-</code></pre>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Gsc0XUb3KJrUSIsak=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox- cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23010611/GettyImages_1352926964.jpg" /> <cite>Ian Forsyth/Getty Images</cite></p>
|
||
<pre><code> <figcaption>A COP26 delegate attends the People’s Plenary on November 12.</figcaption></code></pre>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uto8u8">
|
||
Here are some of the most important elements of the agreement forged in Glasgow.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h4 id="GCIv4a">
|
||
1.5 is (sort of) the new 2
|
||
</h4>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AefbGV">
|
||
The world has already warmed up by about 1.1°C. Greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere are still rising, which will trap more heat for years to come. To stay below 1.5°C, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change found in 2018 that the world would have to cut greenhouse gas emissions roughly in half by 2030, and the world is further off-course than ever.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6nstrL">
|
||
Still, for many negotiators at COP26, particularly representatives from countries most vulnerable to the effects of climate change, the slogan of the climate talks has been “<a href="https://ukcop26.org/around-120-leaders-gather-at-cop26-in-glasgow-for-last-best-
|
||
chance-to-keep-1-5-alive/">keep 1.5 alive</a>.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DhxJzt">
|
||
“The difference between 1.5 and 2 degrees is a death sentence for us,” said Aminath Shauna, environment, climate change and technology minister for the Maldives.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VIQD5c">
|
||
The more the planet warms, even incrementally, the worse the impacts of things like sea-level rise and extreme weather. Small changes in global average temperatures can fuel deadly heat waves and can make large storms even more severe. So everything done to avert fractions of a degree in global warming can save lives and livelihoods.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gTci42">
|
||
But fossil fuel-producing countries like Saudi Arabia and Russia resisted making 1.5<strong>°</strong>C the new de facto target since it implies a much more aggressive phaseout of coal, oil, and natural gas.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="THKFHL">
|
||
The Glasgow pact “resolves to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C” and “recognizes that limiting global warming to 1.5 °C requires rapid, deep and sustained reductions in global greenhouse gas emissions.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KTPeOb">
|
||
It’s still not an official target, but the greater emphasis on it means that NDCs and other climate goals put forward by countries will be evaluated based on how close they hew to this goal.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GgXjNK">
|
||
“As uncomfortable as we all are with the text, as imperfect as it is, it does bring sufficient enough balance for us to move forward, and it does provide us with the best chance at this time to keep 1.5 alive,” said Grenada’s Minister for Climate Resilience Simon Stiell.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pHX2yE">
|
||
The Glasgow pact also calls for countries to come back to the table next year with stronger and more detailed plans for cutting their emissions by the end of the decade and by the middle of the century.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h4 id="B4qVtX">
|
||
Fossil fuels are directly in the crosshairs
|
||
</h4>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="n71S3S">
|
||
The COP26 declaration for the first time calls for the end of fossil fuels, but some of the language was watered down at the last minute. Draft text called upon countries to accelerate “efforts towards the phase-out of unabated coal power and inefficient fossil fuel subsidies.” India, however, asked for “phase-out” to be changed to “phase-down,” implying reduction, but not elimination. Historically, major coal, oil, and natural gas producers have opposed any mention of fossil fuels at all.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JQmj05">
|
||
The word “unabated” in front of coal implies that there is wiggle room for countries to use technologies like carbon capture to keep coal-fired power plants running, and “inefficient” before “subsidies” may allow some subsidies for dirty fuels to persist.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IO3p3W">
|
||
But it’s a shift from past COPs, where agreements focused solely on the goalposts and not on the tactics for reaching them.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h4 id="ziXWsB">
|
||
There are now rules for international carbon markets
|
||
</h4>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pdRCwO">
|
||
Under <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/in-depth-q-and-a-how-article-6-carbon-markets-could-make-or-break-the-paris-
|
||
agreement">Article 6</a> of the Paris climate agreement, countries can work across borders to meet their climate goals. A country that has surpassed its climate target can tally up the emissions it has prevented, for example, and sell them to a country that’s falling behind. It could also include <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/2/27/20994118/carbon-offset-
|
||
climate-change-net-zero-neutral-emissions">carbon offsets</a> like restoring forests to balance out greenhouse gases.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="l3tzcd">
|
||
But these tools are only as good as their accounting, and figuring out the right balance of transparency and flexibility has proven to be an immensely difficult task. Many vulnerable countries also argue such mechanisms end up being a way for polluters to stall instead of making emissions cuts.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<aside id="IBeSJR">
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</aside>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wtdXkq">
|
||
Debates over the arcane rules governing carbon markets drove past climate meetings into overtime, but they were finally settled at COP26.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7BYbPo">
|
||
The agreement on Article 6 in Glasgow created rules to prevent double-counting of emissions credits, closed loopholes, and added stronger language make credits being traded across borders represent real reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Countries will also have to take a detailed inventory of their greenhouse gas emissions by 2024, which will be used as the basis for future emissions cuts.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="W5qdvH">
|
||
Key details of paying for past, present, and future climate damages were unresolved
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tSgumo">
|
||
Climate change adds up over time, and the wealthiest countries in the world have spewed out the largest share of greenhouse gases that are heating up the planet. Yet the countries facing the worst effects of sea-level rise, more intense heat waves, and more destructive downpours — countries whose citizens often have the least resources to adapt — contributed the least to the problem.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LHwTaS">
|
||
“I think we say consistently that 20 countries equal 80 percent of all the emissions, and they do bear the greatest responsibility,” US climate envoy John Kerry told delegates. “President Biden from the moment he has come into office has been determined to live up to that responsibility.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ycuCjp">
|
||
A key principle in international climate finance negotiations is the idea of “<a href="https://unfccc.int/topics/climate-finance/the-big-picture/introduction-to-climate-finance/introduction-to-climate-
|
||
finance">common but differentiated responsibility</a>.” Every country has to contribute to solving climate change, but more developed countries have an obligation to help countries that have fewer resources pay for it.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="14HOLC">
|
||
But some of the mechanisms for paying for these losses have been underfunded, and many wealthy countries, including the US, have <a href="https://www.vox.com/22774622/cop26-climate-change-glasgow-money-finance-aid">pushed back on paying for the climate damages</a> they already caused.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<figure class="e-image">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/_qbGPkL1NEt1ooicTV5NufAxDQo=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23010655/GettyImages_1236517263.jpg"/> <cite>Ian Forsyth/Getty Images</cite></p>
|
||
<figcaption>
|
||
US climate envoy John Kerry speaks during the stocktaking plenary at COP26 on November 12.
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BgMhBm">
|
||
One of the main shortfalls is a commitment made in 2009 to make $100 billion available for climate-related financing for developing countries by 2020. This money, via loans, grants, and investments, would go toward supporting a shift toward clean energy and building resilience to climate change. That goal has still not been met and may not cross that threshold until 2023. For developing countries, this promise was a key test of how serious wealthy countries are in addressing the climate damages they caused, and they emphasize that this is an obligation, not charity.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="UsJnTH">
|
||
The Glasgow pact “[n]otes with deep regret that the goal of developed country Parties to mobilize jointly USD 100 billion per year by 2020 in the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation has not yet been met.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="L5ZmNI">
|
||
<a href="https://www.oxfam.de/blog/autor_innen/jan-kowalzig">Jan Kowalzig</a>, a senior policy advisor for Oxfam, said that “not yet been met” implies that getting to $100 billion at some point in the future would fulfill the pledge. However, developing countries say that since it was pegged to a specific point in time, the window has closed and that this climate finance package must have enough money to retroactively fill the shortfalls beginning in 2020.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="aDRR8f">
|
||
“This $100 billion is a key ingredient to this carefully crafted balance between developing and developed countries,” Kowalzig said. “Not meeting it is eroding this trust.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<aside id="X17ubm">
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</aside>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yKvRTO">
|
||
Wealthy countries are also failing in their promises to help the countries facing the worst effects of climate change to adapt to a warmer world. The text of the pact “[n]otes with concern that the current provision of climate finance for adaptation remains insufficient to respond to worsening climate change impacts in developing country Parties.” There is no funding target mentioned, but developing countries said they want international climate adaptation finance to roughly double from 2019 levels to about $40 billion by 2025.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="X2bFgg">
|
||
Another key issue is paying for the losses and damages from climate change that have already happened. The Glasgow agreement urges developed countries “to provide enhanced and additional support for activities addressing loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KpGEc5">
|
||
But there is no funding mechanism in place and contributions to loss and damage funds are voluntary and so far only one country — Scotland, which contributed $2.68 million — has chipped in at all. The US, the European Union, and the UK opposed language that would have created a more rigorous funding stream.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="T2Q19V">
|
||
“The reason is, they fear that once they start accepting that they are contributing to financial assistance to address loss and damage, this would open up the avenue towards compensation claims for harm done through causing the climate crisis,” said Kowalzig.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="PRd2qQ">
|
||
COP26 also spawned a number of smaller climate agreements
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pR1sOx">
|
||
Taking advantage of the international spotlight on the proceedings, a number of countries at COP26 also signed on to other climate side deals and targets:
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h4 id="0GRnxv">
|
||
The US-China deal
|
||
</h4>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="20i0qA">
|
||
Even as President Biden and former President Obama called out Chinese President Xi Jinping for not attending COP26, Chinese and US diplomats were hashing out a deal. The countries put out a <a href="https://www.state.gov/u-s-china-joint-glasgow-declaration-on-enhancing-climate-action-in-the-2020s/">surprise statement</a> during the meeting that emphasized their willingness to do more to cut fossil fuel pollution over the next 10 years. The statement doesn’t change either country’s goals and is light on details, but observers said it shows that the US and China are willing to separate their work on climate change from other diplomatic tensions.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1Is8iG">
|
||
“This agreement of the world’s two biggest emitters is a reassuring sign that the US and China can work together on the biggest crisis humanity is facing,” said Byford Tsang, a senior policy advisor for climate diplomacy at <a href="https://www.e3g.org/people/byford-tsang/">E3G</a>, a think tank, in a statement.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h4 id="f6NhQH">
|
||
Ending deforestation by 2030
|
||
</h4>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="L7DxpU">
|
||
Forests absorb and store carbon dioxide as they grow. When they’re cut down, much of that carbon ends up back in the atmosphere, heating up the planet. Deforestation accounts for about <a href="https://www.rainforest-alliance.org/insights/what-is-the-relationship-between-deforestation-and-climate-
|
||
change/">10 percent of humanity’s greenhouse gas emissions</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="m3NGLP">
|
||
More than 100 countries, including Russia, Brazil, and the US, pledged to <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-59088498">end deforestation by 2030</a>. Between them, they cover 85 percent of the world’s forests. These countries also committed almost $20 billion in public and private funding to back efforts to curb deforestation. However, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/indonesia-walk-talk-deforestation-despite-
|
||
cop26-u-turn-2021-11-11/">Indonesia</a>, home to one-third of the world’s rainforests, has already begun to walk back its commitment, and past promises to save the Amazon have failed to save <a href="https://www.vox.com/down-to-
|
||
earth/2021/8/27/22639885/amazon-rainforest-fires-climate-change-2021">millions of acres</a> from fires, illegal logging, and agriculture in Brazil.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<figure class="e-image">
|
||
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/thumbor/7ddKRGrKaHD-0fdn3VQRxfJmq-I=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23010675/GettyImages_1236514896.jpg"/> <cite>Andrew Milligan/PA Images via Getty Images</cite>
|
||
<figcaption>
|
||
Environmental activists greet delegates with banners and placards at the COP26 gates on the final day of the summit in Glasgow on November 12.
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<h4 id="BinKxC">
|
||
Cutting methane emissions
|
||
</h4>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jfYqNR">
|
||
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that leaks out of natural gas pipes, belches out of cows, and seeps out from landfills, ultimately trapping about 30 times as much heat as carbon dioxide over 100 years. That means cutting methane has swift and sweeping climate benefits. More than 100 countries, responsible for half of global methane emissions, signed the <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/statement_21_5766">Global Methane Pledge</a> to cut their methane emissions by 30 percent by 2030. Signatories include the US, the European Union, and Japan.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h4 id="s7htaN">
|
||
Phasing out coal
|
||
</h4>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BqLYuT">
|
||
More than 40 countries have committed to ending their domestic use of coal for electricity, and 25 countries agreed to stop financing coal power in developing countries. Coal-fired power plants produce <a href="https://www.iea.org/reports/global-energy-co2-status-report-2019/emissions">one-third of global greenhouse gas emissions</a>. But China, India, the US, and Australia — comprising more than two-thirds of global coal consumption — did not agree to a domestic coal phase-out.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h4 id="MvXlLP">
|
||
Ending oil and gas production
|
||
</h4>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="me5hbZ">
|
||
Many discussions focus on the burning of fossil fuels, but a new program at COP26 targets their extraction in the first place. The <a href="https://beyondoilandgasalliance.com/">Beyond Oil and Gas Alliance</a>, launched by Costa Rica and Denmark, commits country members to phasing out new licenses for oil and gas production. Members, which currently include France, Greenland, Ireland, Quebec, Sweden, and Wales, must also set a date for ending oil and gas production in line with the Paris agreement.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KwqPNk">
|
||
“Fossil fuel demand is decreasing, and supply needs to adjust,” said Christiana Figueres, one of the lead negotiators of the Paris agreement, in a statement. “That’s why I’m so pleased to see such a diverse group of governments launching the Beyond Oil & Gas Alliance to take decisive action to phase out oil and gas production.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="4kOjxK">
|
||
More long-term climate goals are in place, but near- term actions are still going in the wrong direction
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Q6YogH">
|
||
The foundations for zeroing out global greenhouse gas emissions and staying below 1.5<strong>°</strong>C have to be laid now. But some countries are still moving in the wrong direction, even those that call climate change a “<a href="https://pm.gc.ca/en/news/news-
|
||
releases/2021/04/22/prime-minister-trudeau-announces-increased-climate-ambition">crisis</a>” and an “<a href="https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/cop26-i-head-to-glasgow-an-
|
||
optimist-us-climate-envoy-john-kerry-says-67313311">existential threat</a>,” and activists have <a href="https://www.politics.co.uk/comment/2021/06/28/cop26-must-deliver-cold-hard-policies-not-just-more-words/">decried the hypocrisy</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="073Nxu">
|
||
At COP26, Obama scolded Russia and China for failing to send their top leaders to the meeting and criticized their commitments.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Qu7XMw">
|
||
“Their national plans so far reflect what appears to be a dangerous lack of urgency, a willingness to maintain the status quo on the part of those governments,” Obama said.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fIyr6r">
|
||
However, Obama campaigned for president on boosting US fossil fuel production, presided over a <a href="https://apnews.com/article/business-5dfbc1aa17701ae219239caad0bfefb2">massive increase in US fossil fuel extraction</a>, lifted a ban on crude oil exports, and licensed the US’s first <a href="https://www.axios.com/trump-
|
||
touts-natural-gas-exports-obama-approved-1513388188-294269ed-e10d-4867-9575-6cc63d4299f1.html">natural gas exports</a> shortly before leaving office. Ahead of COP26, President Biden <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/biden-gas-oil-
|
||
prices-opec-11636541739">reached out to the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries</a> to ask them to boost oil production.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<aside id="TFyAkA">
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</aside>
|
||
<figure class="e-image">
|
||
<img alt="A view of the
|
||
disaster area after severe rainstorm and flash floods hit western states of Rhineland-Palatinate and North Rhine-
|
||
Westphalia in Bad Munstereifel town of Euskirchen, Germany" src="https://cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/thumbor/g7VO4QVusWvUSUJM39-7N-NDR88=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23011984/GettyImages_1234048660.jpeg"/> <cite>Abdulhamid Hosbas/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images</cite>
|
||
<figcaption>
|
||
Torrential rainfall and flooding this summer killed more than 150 people in Germany this summer. Researchers at World Weather Attribution found that climate change made such an event more likely.
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CYuiwm">
|
||
In fact, several countries that claim to have net-zero emissions targets are planning to invest in more fossil fuel production in the near future. A group of environmental groups and think tanks put out a report during COP26 highlighting how the <a href="https://fossilfueltreaty.org/fossil-fuel-5">US, Norway, Australia, Canada, and the UK</a> are still subsidizing and expanding fossil fuel production.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RPs0xL">
|
||
And “<a href="https://www.vox.com/22737140/un-cop26-climate-change-net-zero-emissions-carbon-offsets">net zero</a>” targets set decades from now could end up allowing countries to continue emitting more greenhouse gas emissions in the meantime with the expectation that those emissions will be soaked up somehow at a point in the future.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GC7ofF">
|
||
“Developed countries will continue using the carbon budget the belongs to the developing world, and this is not fair,” said Diego Pacheco Balanza, leader of the Bolivian delegation. “We need to really push developed countries not to get to net zero by 2050 but to achieve real reductions of emissions now.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="TYw65s">
|
||
This is a bad way to tackle a global crisis, but there isn’t a better one
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LJ9ZQr">
|
||
A big international meeting of 196 parties with their own prejudices, political constraints, rivalries, and economic interests is a terrible venue for tackling an urgent crisis like climate change.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HaNzog">
|
||
But the atmosphere doesn’t care under whose flag greenhouse gases are being emitted — the whole planet will warm the same. So every country has to be at the table, every country has to have a say, and every country has to agree on what to do. More than two and a half decades into these COP meetings, it’s clear that this makes for an agonizingly slow process as delegates hang on every word in an agreement.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HyK6yf">
|
||
At COP26, a simple change from “<a href="https://twitter.com/DrSimEvans/status/1459103430249795584">urges” to “requests”</a> in a draft document left delegates, observers, and journalists scrambling to figure out which word was stronger as they parsed the language.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<figure class="e-image">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><img alt="Extinction Rebellion protesters
|
||
are seen during a die in protest outside the entrance to the COP26 site on November 13, 2021 in Glasgow, United Kingdom.
|
||
" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/z4xoE6bpMNRwO08Hgysbnyfb1Qc=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23011994/GettyImages_1236539460.jpeg"/> <cite>Peter Summers/Getty Images</cite></p>
|
||
<figcaption>
|
||
Protestors outside the COP26 venue stage a demonstration as climate change negotiations run past their deadline.
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eObCzX">
|
||
Often, many of the same debates are relitigated over and over. Island countries want immediate cuts to emissions, developing countries want more financing, fossil fuel producers don’t want to halt their exports, and wealthy countries don’t want to pay for their damages.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TLe4iE">
|
||
Meetings like COP26 are not the only venues for climate action, but they’re one of the few times where every country faces the spotlight and where negotiators can meet face to face and go head to head. The process is slow, but it still accounts for the biggest strides in mitigating climate change.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tQF5Zq">
|
||
The next challenge will be to strengthen the commitments that are now on paper. “Glasgow has delivered a strong message of hope, a strong message of promise,” said Tuvalu’s Finance Minister Seve Paeniu. “What is left now is for us to deliver on that promise.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xdCN5c">
|
||
At next year’s COP27 meeting in Egypt, the process will repeat again — and possibly end with another step forward. But another year will be lost, the planet will get hotter, and the window for action will close even further.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="o5xeUm">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ix9kd3">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="b5KwOj">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XQGhrR">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GcbPXd">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9kpGTL">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gdsqj2">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>How a simple solution slashed child mortality in rural Kenyan villages</strong> -
|
||
<figure>
|
||
<img alt="A child lifts water to his mouth from a cement trough. Camels are in the background." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/FqaMmL6CUoCLiYc48jlMNV70vKk=/313x0:5308x3746/1310x983/cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/70137289/AP21308569510303__1_.0.jpg"/>
|
||
<figcaption>
|
||
A child looking after livestock quenches his thirst from a water point in the desert near Dertu, in Kenya, on October 24. | Brian Inganga/AP
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
A new paper investigates the effects of chlorine treatment at water sources in some Kenyan villages. The findings were astounding.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mz9iPg">
|
||
Even in dire years like 2020 and 2021, when the pall of the pandemic and economic uncertainty still shadows much of everyday life, there are areas where things are trending in a positive direction. We’re making slow but steady progress toward <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/extreme-poverty">ending global poverty</a>, achieving <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/renewable-energy">carbon-neutral energy</a>, and, most recently, <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations">vaccinating the world against Covid-19</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7T73tP">
|
||
But maybe the most hopeful news I’ve read this year is a new <a href="https://www.nber.org/papers/w29447">white paper on water chlorination</a> — a paper that suggests a simple water treatment solution could dramatically reduce child mortality in poor countries.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4fZyoo">
|
||
The economists behind the paper — Johannes Haushofer (who’s done <a href="https://haushofer.ne.su.se/publications/Christensen_Dube_Haushofer_Siddiqi_Voors_Ebola_2020.pdf">some</a> of <a href="https://haushofer.ne.su.se/publications/Haushofer_Chemin_Jang_Abraham_Insurance_2020.pdf">my favorite</a> <a href="https://haushofer.ne.su.se/publications/Haushofer_Shapiro_UCT_QJE_2016.pdf">randomized</a> <a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/11/25/20973151/givedirectly-basic-income-kenya-study-stimulus">development studies</a>), recent Nobel winner <a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/10/14/20913928/nobel-prize-
|
||
economics-duflo-banerjee-kremer">Michael Kremer</a>, Ricardo Maertens, and Brandon Joel Tan — analyze a large-scale experiment called <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29396219/">WASH Benefits</a>, which randomly selected certain villages in rural Kenya to receive a variety of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) programs, while other villages served as a control group.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5RYglA">
|
||
The experiment tried a bunch of different WASH interventions, including more sanitary latrines, programs promoting hand-washing with soap, nutrition supplements for young children, and more.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="o6lxst">
|
||
One tactic in particular jumped out: adding a simple chlorine solution to drinking water.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="PlCDxz">
|
||
The importance of clean water
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="c5OoaC">
|
||
This new paper focuses on the distribution of a chlorine solution <a href="https://www.evidenceaction.org/dispensersforsafewater/">placed in large dispensers</a> (that look a bit like office water coolers) next to water sources like pumps and wells.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2ZEvIN">
|
||
Water chlorination is standard in developed countries these days; America’s experience <a href="https://waterandhealth.org/safe-drinking-
|
||
water/celebrating-dr-john-l-leal-and-110-years-of-u-s-drinking-water-chlorination/">began in Jersey City, New Jersey, in 1908</a>, at the instigation of a doctor named John L. Leal. Chlorine is a powerful disinfectant, and in the US context, doses of chlorinated solution safe for human consumption proved particularly powerful at killing the bacteria that caused typhoid fever in the water supply.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yufHN8">
|
||
Other cities and states copied Leal’s advance, and typhoid deaths plummeted. In Massachusetts, for instance, a state for which good records exist, the death rate from typhoid <a href="https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/1975/compendia/hist_stats_colonial-1970/hist_stats_colonial-1970p1-chB.pdf#page=20">fell by over 99 percent</a> between 1905 and 1945, driven by cleaner water and increased vaccination.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="60UcJo">
|
||
It wasn’t just typhoid. Chlorination and other clean-water programs played a huge role in the fall in overall mortality and child mortality in the US over the 20th century. Economists David Cutler and Grant Miller estimate that the rollout of water filtration and chlorination systems throughout the US <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1353/dem.2005.0002">explains half the decline in overall mortality</a> in major cities between 1900 and 1936, two-thirds of the decline in child mortality, and three-quarters of the decline in infant mortality.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Hgncuw">
|
||
In many poor countries, waterborne <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-
|
||
sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease">diarrheal diseases</a> like rotovirus, E. coli, or cholera are the biggest threat that better water quality is meant to target. As of 2016, diarrhea was the eighth leading cause of death in the world, <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(18)30362-1/fulltext">killing some 1.6 million people of all ages that year, including 446,000 children</a>. But better water quality can reduce rates of other illness too; reducing rates of diarrheal illnesses seems to <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3700029/">reduce rates of respiratory illness</a>, for instance.
|
||
</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mZIS42">
|
||
The new study on chlorination in Kenya used data collected in 2018 on the deaths of all children in the target villages born after January 2008, and compared death rates in villages that got these chlorine dispensers four to six years earlier to those in villages that didn’t get them.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mEeujO">
|
||
The results were astonishing: Mortality for children under 5 fell by 63 percent. The baseline death rate for children under 5 in the control villages was a horrific 2.23 percent — more than one in 50 children died before their fifth birthdays.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7jslmJ">
|
||
Providing chlorine cut that rate to 0.82 percent, or less than one in 100.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RNEj1y">
|
||
To be sure, that’s still far too high; in the US in 2019, the <a href="https://wonder.cdc.gov/controller/saved/D76/D248F105">under-5 death rate</a> was about 0.13 percent. But cutting child mortality by more than half is a huge achievement.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="O1MLO1">
|
||
The programs in the study were specifically targeted to pregnant women, which might help explain why they saw such large effects on small children; changes in water quality starting in the womb can ripple out over the first few years of a child’s life, reducing rates of diarrhea and other conditions caused by waterborne illness that can prove life-threatening.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="XnYuLb">
|
||
A cost-effective way to save lives
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CXUjyq">
|
||
Here’s another important upshot from the study: The mortality reduction proved relatively cheap to achieve.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XJNnqw">
|
||
Using data from Evidence Action, an aid group whose program <a href="https://www.evidenceaction.org/dispensersforsafewater/">Dispensers for Safe Water</a> distributes these chlorine dispensers in Uganda, Kenya, and Malawi, the researchers estimate that the program saves a life for about $1,941.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FqSoqg">
|
||
That’s an astonishingly low number, lower even than <a href="https://www.givewell.org/how-we-work/our-criteria/cost-effectiveness/cost-effectiveness-models">GiveWell’s estimates for some of its top charities</a>, many of which it selects specifically because they can save lives at the lowest possible cost per life saved.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GAumkj">
|
||
I don’t blame you if you think all this sounds a bit too good to be true. One of the authors, Haushofer, told me in an email he was “very happy about (and mildly shocked by) those results.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8lDpjH">
|
||
The paper cites an as-yet unpublished meta-analysis by some of its authors that found prior experiments on water chlorination found it could reduce mortality by 25.4 percent — a lot, but not nearly as big as the headline estimate in this paper.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="G3kSnt">
|
||
The authors speculate that the experiment in this paper may have been in an area with unusually high levels of water contamination and diarrhea, allowing chlorination to have a bigger effect.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wYZIiF">
|
||
More optimistically, it’s possible this experiment showed bigger effects because it tested this specific dispenser design, where chlorine is placed next to water sources, with an easy-to-use dispenser that releases a pre-measured dose. That might make villages more likely to use the chlorine, leading to bigger health improvements. If that’s true, then these results could scale.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GwDpRG">
|
||
As it stands, it’s just one study, and I’m eager to see more experimental work on this intervention. But it’s an important study, and one that makes <a href="https://www.evidenceaction.org/dispensersforsafewater/">Evidence Action’s Dispensers for Safe Water</a>, and similar programs, seem like highly effective solutions worthy of support from both government aid groups and private donors.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eVsoN1">
|
||
<em>A version of this story was initially published in the </em>Future Perfect<em> newsletter. </em><a href="https://confirmsubscription.com/h/d/A2BA26698741513A"><em><strong>Sign up here to subscribe!</strong></em></a>
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dZNbVV">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jcWZfA">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Laxman will be next NCA head, confirms BCCI official</strong> - It is understood that Laxman’s appointment will come into effect before the BCCI’s Annual General Meeting (AGM), scheduled to be held in Kolkata on December 4</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>WTA Finals: Badosa beats Sakkari; Sabalenka survives Swiatek test</strong> - The seventh-seeded Badosa showed she can also play with grit during a two-hour, four-minute slugfest in the Mexican heat, stretching her winning streak to eight matches</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Shooting | ISSF increases Asia’s Olympic quota places from 38 to 48</strong> - This is expected to come into effect from the 2024 Paris Olympic Games, the qualifications for which will begin from next year</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Bottas ahead of Verstappen in Brazil, Hamilton to start 10th</strong> - Ferrari’s Carlos Sainz finished third, with Red Bull’s Sergio Perez in fourth. McLaren’s Lando Norris will inherit Hamilton’s fifth position on the grid</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Jayawardene, Pollock, Brittin to be inducted into ICC Hall of Fame</strong> - The ICC Hall of Fame recognises the achievements of the legends of the game from cricket’s long and illustrious history</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How monkeys were tracked for Covaxin trial</strong> - In “Going Viral: Making of Covaxin - The Inside Story”, Director General of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) Dr. Balram Bhargava talks about the journey of India’s homegrown vaccine.</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>No child should be deprived of good education, adequate nutrition, healthy environment: Vice President</strong> - As he extended his greetings on Children’s Day, Vice President M. Venkaiah Naidu urged children to dream high and work hard to achieve their goals.</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Lockheed looking at addressing India’s requirements for new-age military solutions</strong> - Lockheed has already tied up with the Tata group.</p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Russia starts delivery of S-400 missile systems to India, says Russian official</strong> - In October 2018, India had signed a U.S. Dollar five billion deal with Russia to buy five units of the S-400 air defence missile systems</p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hike compensation for kin of rain victims, Panneerselvam demands</strong> - The AIADMK coordinator said that last year, when Cyclone Nivar struck, his government had given compensation of ₹10 lakh each to the families of those who died</p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
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<ul>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Belarus-Poland border: Putin warns Belarus over gas threat to EU</strong> - Russia’s leader says Belarus should not cut gas supplies to Europe over the migrant row with Poland.</p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Covid: Dutch partial Covid lockdown sparks protests</strong> - Police in The Hague use water cannon on protesters opposing a lockdown amid a rise in Covid infections.</p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>UK bucks Europe Covid trend but concern over winter</strong> - New infections remain steady in the UK, but PM warns there’s no room for complacency.</p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Poland border: Turkey blocks Belarus flights to ease migrant crisis</strong> - Turkey has stopped all citizens from Iraq, Syria and Yemen from flying from Turkey to Belarus.</p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>France investigates rape of soldier at Élysée palace</strong> - Local media report prosecutors are investigating the alleged rape of a soldier at the Élysée palace.</p></li>
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||
</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
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||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Why the chip shortage drags on and on… and on</strong> - Building factories takes time—and a history of highs and lows may deter some investors. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1812842">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The weekend’s best deals: Disney+, Garmin watches, Xbox Game Pass, and more</strong> - Dealmaster also has good board games, Google Nest devices, and gaming chairs. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1812159">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>This intrepid robot is the Wall-E of the deep sea</strong> - The car-sized Benthic Rover II is roaming the seafloor 13,000 feet deep. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1812769">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Open-sourcing of protein-structure software is already paying off</strong> - The big trade-off is between computational intensity and the size of the complex. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1812830">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Doom’s creator goes after “Doomscroll”</strong> - Metal guitarist thinks Doomscroll is a great name for a band. Id Software disagrees. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1812826">link</a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
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||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
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||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>To the women who say “Men are only interested in one thing”</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
|
||
<div class="md">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
Have you ever considered being more interesting?
|
||
</p>
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||
</div>
|
||
<!-- SC_ON -->
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/broccolicamelvalley"> /u/broccolicamelvalley </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/qtflfv/to_the_women_who_say_men_are_only_interested_in/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/qtflfv/to_the_women_who_say_men_are_only_interested_in/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
|
||
<li><strong>My cake day joke - A man goes to a bar and orders 10 shots of jaeger. The bartender says wow, thats a lot, you celebrating?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
|
||
<div class="md">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
The man says yes! My first blowjob!
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
The bartender says congrats! Why 10?
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
The man says <em>if that won’t get the taste out, nothing will.</em>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!-- SC_ON -->
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/mrschanandlerbonggg"> /u/mrschanandlerbonggg </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/qt4dpu/my_cake_day_joke_a_man_goes_to_a_bar_and_orders/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/qt4dpu/my_cake_day_joke_a_man_goes_to_a_bar_and_orders/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
|
||
<li><strong>According to a recent survey, men say the first thing they notice about a woman is her eyes.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
|
||
<div class="md">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
Women say the first thing they notice about men is that they’re a bunch of liars.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!-- SC_ON -->
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/luckprecludes"> /u/luckprecludes </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/qtg7fj/according_to_a_recent_survey_men_say_the_first/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/qtg7fj/according_to_a_recent_survey_men_say_the_first/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
|
||
<li><strong>What’s something you can say in church and while having sex?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
|
||
<div class="md">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
I come in the name of the Lord.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!-- SC_ON -->
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/sgrl2494"> /u/sgrl2494 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/qt3mdc/whats_something_you_can_say_in_church_and_while/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/qt3mdc/whats_something_you_can_say_in_church_and_while/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
|
||
<li><strong>A mathematician comes home at three in the morning.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
|
||
<div class="md">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
His wife has been waiting for him and says angrily, “You’re late. You said you’d be home at 11:45!”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
“Actually,” the mathematician replies, “I said I’d be home at a quarter of 12.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!-- SC_ON -->
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/TonyLeung82"> /u/TonyLeung82 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/qt0e18/a_mathematician_comes_home_at_three_in_the_morning/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/qt0e18/a_mathematician_comes_home_at_three_in_the_morning/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
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