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<title>19 November, 2020</title>
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<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
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<li><strong>An integrated in silico immuno-genetic analytical platform provides insights into COVID-19 serological and vaccine targets</strong> -
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<div>
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ABSTRACT Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has a major global health and socio-economic burden. It has instigated the mobilisation of resources into the development of control tools, such as diagnostics and vaccines. The poor performance of some diagnostic serological tools has emphasised the need for up to date immune-informatic analyses to inform the selection of viable targets for further study. This requires the integration and analysis of genetic and immunological data for SARS-CoV-2 and its homology with other human coronavirus species to understand cross-reactivity. Methods: We have developed an online “immuno-analytics” resource to facilitate SARS-CoV-2 research, combining an extensive B/T-cell epitope mapping and prediction meta-analysis, and human CoV sequence homology mapping and protein database annotation, with an updated variant database and geospatial tracking for >7,800 non-synonymous mutation positions derived from >150,000 whole genome sequences. To demonstrate its utility, we present an integrated analysis of SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins, both being vaccine and serological diagnostic targets, including an analysis of changes in relevant mutation frequencies over time. Results: Our analysis reveals that the nucleocapsid protein in its native form appears to be a sub-optimal target for use in serological diagnostic platforms. The most frequent mutations were the spike protein D614G and nsp12 L314P, which were common (>86%) across all the geographical regions. Some mutations in the spike protein (e.g. A222V and L18F) have increased in frequency in Europe during the latter half of 2020, detected using our automated algorithms. The tool also suggests that orf3a proteins may be a suitable alternative target for diagnostic serologic assays in a post-vaccine surveillance setting. Conclusions: The immuno-analytics tool can be accessed online (http://genomics.lshtm.ac.uk/immuno) and will serve as a useful resource for biological discovery and surveillance in the fight against SARS-CoV-2. Further, the tool may be adapted to inform on biological targets in future outbreaks, including potential emerging human coronaviruses that spill over from animal hosts.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.11.089409v2" target="_blank">An integrated in silico immuno-genetic analytical platform provides insights into COVID-19 serological and vaccine targets</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>A Rapid Scoping Review of Publications Examining Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 in China</strong> -
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<div>
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Objective: Despite the surge of publications examining the psychological impacts of COVID-19 in China, little was reported about effective solutions. The gap necessitates a timely literature synthesis. Methods: A rapid scoping review was conducted in major English and Chinese databases, ArXivs, and trial registries. Two researchers independently extracted data following the PRISMA guideline. Results: Screening of publications led to 102 English and 322 Chinese publications between December 31st, 2019, and June 15th, 2020. The majority resembled “Problem Admiration” efforts of commentaries on policies or guidelines (35.38%), and cross-sectional surveys (53.54%) that documented the prevalence and types of psychopathology in China during the pandemic. Although the publications unanimously called for clinical trials, solution-focused studies were scarce (2.12%). Conclusions: Researchers should move beyond “Problem Admiration” to coordinating rigorous trials of timely, scalable, and cost-effective prevention and intervention strategies to address the psychological demands of people in the current and future crises.
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/2uadr/" target="_blank">A Rapid Scoping Review of Publications Examining Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 in China</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Age Specific Months of Mortality (MOMa) from Endemic and Pandemic (Covid 19) diseases</strong> -
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People do not naturally understand risk. We fear things that happen rarely like kidnapping while ignoring common risks like motor vehicle crashes. We also do not fully comprehend the large effect that age has on risk. In this paper, I introduce a concept that I call age specific months of mortality, abbreviated MOMa, a statistic that will allow people to understand their risk of death within their age group. In a year without excess mortality, i.e. no pandemic, individual causes of death will add up to a total of 12 MOMa. Excess mortality, e.g. a pandemic, adds MOMa beyond 12. For people in their 20s, the MOMa is 5 for accidents, 1.9 for suicide, 1.6 for homicide, and 1.2 for Covid-19. For people in their 60s, the MOMa is 12 for Covid-19, 4 for cancer, 2.6 for coronary heart, and treatment of Covid-19 with dexamethasone reduces MOMa from 12 to 7 months.
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</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.17.20233197v1" target="_blank">Age Specific Months of Mortality (MOMa) from Endemic and Pandemic (Covid 19) diseases</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Combined epidemiological and genomic analysis of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission identifies community social distancing as the dominant intervention reducing outbreaks</strong> -
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Many healthcare facilities report SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks but analysis of transmission during the first wave is complicated by the high prevalence of infection and limited viral genetic diversity. Furthermore, there is limited evidence on the contribution of different vectors for nosocomial infection or on the effectiveness of interventions. Detailed epidemiological and viral nanopore sequence data were analysed from 574 consecutive patients with a PCR positive SARS-CoV-2 test between March 13th and March 31st, when the pandemic first impacted on a large, multisite healthcare institution in London. During this time the first major preventative interventions were introduced including progressive community social distancing (CSD) policies leading to mandatory national lockdown, exclusion of hospital visitors, and introduction of universal surgical facemask-use by healthcare-workers (HCW). Incidence of nosocomial cases, community SARS-CoV-2 cases, and infection in a cohort of 228 HCWs followed the same dynamic course, decreasing subsequent to CSD and prior to introduction of the main hospital-based interventions. We investigated clusters involving nosocomial cases based on overlapping ward-stays during the 14-day incubation period and SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence similarity. Our method placed 80 (89%) of all 90 probable and definite nosocomial cases into 14 clusters containing a median of 4 patients (min 2, max 19) No genetic support was found for the majority of epidemiological clusters (31/44 70%) and genomics revealed multiple contemporaneous outbreaks within single epidemiological clusters. We included a measure of hospital enrichment compared to community cases to increase confidence in our clusters, which were 1-14 fold enriched. Applying genomics, we could provide a robust estimate of the incubation period for nosocomial transmission, with a median lower bound and upper bound of 6 and 9 days respectively. Six (43%) clusters spanned multiple wards, with evidence of cryptic transmission, and community-onset cases could not be identified in more than half the clusters, particularly on the elective hospital site, implicating HCW as vectors of transmission. Taken together these findings suggest that CSD had the dominant impact on reducing nosocomial transmission by reducing HCWs infection.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.17.20232827v1" target="_blank">Combined epidemiological and genomic analysis of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission identifies community social distancing as the dominant intervention reducing outbreaks</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Community prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and correlates of protective immunity in five localities in an Indian metropolitan city</strong> -
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Background Current testing guidelines for COVID-19 substantially underestimates the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in dense urban populations. Granular estimates of infection are important for understanding population-level immunity. We examined seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Pune city in India and its implication for protective immunity. Methods Seroprevalence was estimated during July 20-August 5, 2020 from 1659 randomly selected individuals recruited from five administrative Pune sub-wards (combined population 366,984). Prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies were estimated and along with correlates of virus neutralisation. Findings Seropositivity was extensive (51.3%; 95%CI 39.9-62.4) but varied widely in the five localities tested, ranging from 35.8% to 66.4%. Seropositivity was higher in crowded living conditions in the slums (OR 1.91), and was lower in those 65 years or older (OR 0.59). The infection-fatality ratio was estimated at 0.28%. Post survey, COVID-19 incidence was lower in areas noted to have higher seroprevalence. Substantial virus-neutralising activity was observed in seropositive individuals, but with considerable heterogeneity in the immune response and possible age-dependent diversity in the antibody repertoire. Interpretation Despite crowded living conditions having facilitated widespread transmission, the variability in seroprevalence in localities that are in geographical proximity indicates a heterogenous spread of infection. Declining infection rates in areas with high seropositivity suggest population-level protection and is supported by substantial neutralising activity in asymptomatically infected individuals. The heterogeneity in antibody levels and neutralisation capacity indicates the existence of immunological sub-groups of functional interest.
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</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.17.20228155v1" target="_blank">Community prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and correlates of protective immunity in five localities in an Indian metropolitan city</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Projections and fractional dynamics of COVID-19 with optimal control analysis</strong> -
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When the entire world is eagerly waiting for a safe, effective and widely available COVID-19 vaccine, unprecedented spikes of new cases are evident in numerous countries. To gain a deeper understanding about the future dynamics of COVID-19, a compartmental mathematical model has been proposed in this paper incorporating all possible non-pharmaceutical intervention policies. Model parameters have been calibrated using sophisticated trust-region-reflective algorithm and short-term projection results have been illustrated for Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Colombia and India. Control reproduction numbers (R<sub>c</sub>) have been calculated in order to get insights about the current epidemic scenario in the above-mentioned countries. Forecasting results depict that the aforesaid countries are having downward trends in daily COVID-19 cases. However, it is highly recommended to use efficacious face coverings and maintain strict physical distancing, as the pandemic is not over in any country. Global sensitivity analysis enlightens the fact that efficacy of face coverings is the most significant parameter, which could significantly control the transmission dynamics of the novel coronavirus compared to other non-pharmaceutical measures. In addition, reduction in effective contact rate with isolated patients is also essential in bringing down the epidemic threshold (R<sub>c</sub>) below unity. All necessary graphical simulations have been performed with the help of Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivatives. In addition, optimal control problem for fractional system has been designed and the existence of unique solution has also been showed by using Picard-Lindelof technique. Finally, the unconditionally stability of the given fractional numerical technique has been proved.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.17.20233031v1" target="_blank">Projections and fractional dynamics of COVID-19 with optimal control analysis</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Removing weekly administrative noise in the daily count of COVID-19 new cases. Application to the computation of Rt</strong> -
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The way each country counts and reports the incident cases of SARS-CoV-2 infections is strongly affected by the “weekend effect”. During the weekend, fewer tests are carried out and there is a delay in the registration of cases. This introduces an “administrative noise” that can strongly disturb the calculation of trend estimators such as the effective reproduction number Rt. In this work we propose a procedure to correct the incidence curve and obtain a better fit between the number of infected and the one expected using the renewal equation. The classic way to deal with the administrative noise is to invoke its weekly period and therefore to filter the incidence curve by a seven days sliding mean. Yet this has three drawbacks: the first one is a loss of resolution. The second one is that a 7-day mean filter hinders the estimate of the effective reproduction number Rt in the last three days before present. The third drawback of a mean filter is that it implicitly assumes the administrative noise to be additive and time invariant. The present study supports the idea that the administrative is better dealt with as being both periodic and multiplicative. The simple method that derives from these assumptions amount to multiplying the number of infected by a correcting factor which depends on the day of the week. This correcting factor is estimated from the incidence curve itself. The validity of the method is demonstrated by its positive impact on the accuracy of an the estimates of Rt. To exemplify the advantages of the multiplicative periodic correction, we apply it to Sweden, Germany, France and Spain. We observe that the estimated administrative noise is country dependent, and that the proposed strategy manages to reduce it noise considerably. An implementation of this technique is available at www.ipol.im/ern, where it can be tested on the daily incidence curves of an extensive list of states and geographic areas provided by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.16.20232405v1" target="_blank">Removing weekly administrative noise in the daily count of COVID-19 new cases. Application to the computation of Rt</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Scientific output on coronavirus and WHO’s Solidarity Project: a science-based choice?</strong> -
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In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the Solidarity Program probably the largest global initiative to encourage and support research in four promising drugs and therapies (Remdesivir, Hydroxychloroquine, β interferon and the combination Lopinavir / Ritonavir) to reduce the mortality of COVID-19. Considering the potential impact of this project to restrain the current pandemic, the present study aims to investigate whether it was designed upon a scientific basis. For this proposal, we collected all documents on coronavirus indexed in Scopus database by using a search strategy based in MESH terms. Among the studied groups of documents, we looked in more detail the Coronavirus group in order to find documents related to WHO′s drugs or to other drugs and therapies extracted from another source. The main findings indicate that the number of documents related to WHO′s drugs are higher than in the other groups and this subset of documents involves a larger number of institutions and countries. Hence, the results shown in this study illustrate that decisions by an international body, as WHO, may be science-based and not be merely bureaucratic decisions.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.16.20232488v1" target="_blank">Scientific output on coronavirus and WHO’s Solidarity Project: a science-based choice?</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Designing Efficient Contact Tracing Through Risk-Based Quarantining</strong> -
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Contact tracing for COVID-19 is especially challenging because transmission often occurs in the absence of symptoms and because a purported 20% of cases cause 80% of infections, resulting in a small risk of infection for some contacts and a high risk for others. Here, we introduce risk-based quarantine, a system for contact tracing where each cluster (a group of individuals with a common source of exposure) is observed for symptoms when tracing begins, and clusters that do not display them are released from quarantine. We show that, under our assumptions, risk-based quarantine reduces the amount of quarantine time served by more than 30%, while achieving a reduction in transmission similar to standard contact tracing policies where all contacts are quarantined for two weeks. We compare our proposed risk-based quarantine approach against test-driven release policies, which fail to achieve a comparable level of transmission reduction due to the inability of tests to detect exposed people who are not yet infectious but will eventually become so. Additionally, test-based release policies are expensive, limiting their effectiveness in low-resource environments, whereas the costs imposed by risk-based quarantine are primarily in terms of labor and organization.
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</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.16.20227389v1" target="_blank">Designing Efficient Contact Tracing Through Risk-Based Quarantining</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>RT-LAMP assay for ultra-sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and VTM clinical samples</strong> -
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The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the shortcomings in the deployment of state-of-the-art diagnostic platforms. Although several PCR-based techniques have been rapidly developed to meet the growing testing needs, such techniques often need samples collected through a swab, the use of RNA extraction kits, and expensive thermocyclers in order to successfully perform the test. Isothermal amplification-based approaches have also been recently demonstrated for rapid SARS-CoV-2 detection by minimizing sample preparation while also reducing the instrumentation and reaction complexity. There are limited reports of saliva as the sample source and some of these indicate inferior sensitivity when comparing RT-LAMP with PCR-based techniques. In this paper, we demonstrate an improved sensitivity assay to test saliva using a 2-step RT-LAMP assay, where a short 10-minute RT step is performed with only B3 and BIP primers before the final reaction. We show that while the 1-step RT-LAMP demonstrate satisfactory results, the optimized 2-step approach allows for single molecule sensitivity per reaction and performs significantly better than the 1-step RT-LAMP and conventional 2-step RT-LAMP approaches with all primers included in the RT Step. Importantly, we demonstrate RNA extraction-free RT-LAMP based assays for detection of SARS-CoV-2 from VTM and saliva clinical samples.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.16.20232678v1" target="_blank">RT-LAMP assay for ultra-sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and VTM clinical samples</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>The impact of COVID-19 employment shocks on suicide and poverty alleviation programs: An early-stage investigation</strong> -
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This paper examines whether the COVID-19-induced employment shock has increased suicides and the utilization of means-tested poverty alleviation programs in the first eight months of the COVID-19 crisis. We exploit plausibly exogenous regional variation in the magnitude of the employment shock in Japan and adopt a difference-in-differences (DID) research design to identify the employment-shock impact. Our preferred point estimates suggest that a one-percentage-point decrease in the employment rate in the second quarter of 2020 resulted in an additional 0.14-0.44 male suicides per one hundred thousand male population in June 2020 and an additional 5.3-7.9 Public Assistance recipients per one hundred thousand population in August 2020. The impacts on female suicides and other poverty alleviation programs are not precisely estimated, but there is suggestive evidence that the same employment shock has also increased the caseloads of the other poverty alleviation programs. We also examine the impact of the increase in the unemployment rate and find a positive impact on the poverty alleviation programs but not on suicides.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.16.20232850v1" target="_blank">The impact of COVID-19 employment shocks on suicide and poverty alleviation programs: An early-stage investigation</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Adverse effects of remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, and lopinavir/ritonavir when used for COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials</strong> -
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Introduction: In an attempt to improve outcomes for patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), several drugs, such as remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine (with or without azithromycin), and lopinavir/ritonavir, have been evaluated for treatment. While much attention focuses on potential benefits of these drugs, this must be weighed against their adverse effects. Methods: We searched 32 databases in multiple languages from 1 December 2019 to 27 October 2020. We included randomized trials if they compared any of the drugs of interest to placebo or standard care, or against each other. A related world health organization (WHO) guideline panel selected the interventions to address and identified possible adverse effects that might be important to patients. Pairs of reviewers independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We analyzed data using a fixed-effects pairwise meta-analysis and assessed the certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach. Results: We included 16 randomized trials which enrolled 8226 patients. Compared to standard care or placebo, low certainty evidence suggests that remdesivir may not have an important effect on acute kidney injury (risk difference [RD] 8 fewer per 1000, 95% confidence interval (CI): 27 fewer to 21 more) or cognitive dysfunction/delirium (RD 3 more per 1000, 95% CI: 12 fewer to 19 more). Low certainty evidence suggests that hydroxychloroquine may increase the risk of serious cardiac toxicity (RD 10 more per 1000, 95% CI: 0 more to 30 more) and cognitive dysfunction/delirium (RD 33 more per 1000, 95% CI: 18 fewer to 84 more), whereas moderate certainty evidence suggests hydroxychloroquine probably increases the risk of diarrhoea (RD 106 more per 1000, 95% CI: 48 more to 175 more) and nausea and/or vomiting (RD 62 more per 1000, 95% CI: 23 more to 110 more) compared to standard care or placebo. Low certainty evidence suggests lopinavir/ritonavir may increase the risk of diarrhoea (RD 168 more per 1000, 95% CI: 58 more to 330 more) and nausea and/or vomiting (RD 160 more per 1000, 95% CI: 100 more to 210 more) compared to standard care or placebo. Conclusion: Hydroxychloroquine probably increases the risk of diarrhoea and nausea and/or vomiting and may increase the risk of cardiac toxicity and cognitive dysfunction/delirium. Remdesivir may have no effect on risk of acute kidney injury or cognitive dysfunction/delirium. Lopinavir/ritonavir may increase the risk of diarrhoea and nausea and/or vomiting. These finding provide important information to support the development of evidence-based management strategies for patients with COVID-19.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.16.20232876v1" target="_blank">Adverse effects of remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, and lopinavir/ritonavir when used for COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials</a>
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<li><strong>Convalescent COVID-19 patients are susceptible to endothelial dysfunction due to persistent immune activation</strong> -
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The rapid rise of coronavirus disease 2019 patients who suffer from vascular events after their initial recovery is expected to lead to a worldwide shift in disease burden. We aim to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the pathophysiological state of blood vessels in convalescent patients. Here, convalescent COVID-19 patients with or without preexisting conditions (i.e. hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia) were compared to non-COVID-19 patients with matched cardiovascular risk factors or healthy participants. Convalescent patients had elevated circulating endothelial cells (CECs), and those with underlying cardiovascular risk had more pronounced endothelial activation hallmarks (ICAM1, P-selectin or CX3CL1) expressed by CECs. Multiplex microbead-based immunoassays revealed some levels of cytokine production sustained from acute infection to recovery phase. Several proinflammatory and activated T lymphocyte-associated cytokines correlated positively with CEC measures, implicating cytokine-driven endothelial dysfunction. Finally, the activation markers detected on CECs mapped to the counter receptors (i.e. ITGAL, SELPLG, and CX3CR1) found primarily on CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells, suggesting that activated endothelial cells could be targeted by cytotoxic effector cells. Clinical trials in preventive therapy for post-COVID-19 vascular complications may be needed.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.16.20232835v1" target="_blank">Convalescent COVID-19 patients are susceptible to endothelial dysfunction due to persistent immune activation</a>
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<li><strong>Effectiveness of Second Wave COVID-19 Response Strategies in Australia</strong> -
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Abstract Background: There is a significant challenge in responding to second waves of COVID-19 cases, with governments being hesitant in introducing hard lockdown measures given the resulting economic impact. In addition, rising case numbers reflect an increase in coronavirus transmission some time previously, so timing of response measures is highly important. Australia experienced a second wave from June 2020 onwards, confined to greater Melbourne, with initial social distancing measures failing to reduce rapidly increasing case numbers. We conducted a detailed analysis of this outbreak, together with an evaluation of the effectiveness of alternative response strategies, to provide guidance to countries experiencing second waves of SARS-Cov-2 transmission. Method: An individual-based transmission model was used to 1) describe a second-wave COVID-19 epidemic in Australia; 2) evaluate the impact of lockdown strategies used; and 3) evaluate effectiveness of alternative mitigation strategies. The model was calibrated using daily diagnosed case data prior to lockdown. Specific social distancing interventions were modelled by adjusting person-to-person contacts in mixing locations. Results: Modelling earlier activation of lockdown measures are predicted to reduce total case numbers by more than 50%. Epidemic peaks and duration of the second wave were also shown to reduce. Our results suggest that activating lockdown measures when second-wave case numbers first indicated exponential growth, would have been highly effective in reducing COVID-19 cases. The model was shown to realistically predict the epidemic growth rate under the social distancing measures applied, validating the methods applied. Conclusions: The timing of social distancing activation is shown to be critical to their effectiveness. Data showing exponential rise in cases, doubling every 7-10 days, can be used to trigger early lockdown measures. Such measures are shown to be necessary to reduce daily and total case numbers, and the consequential health burden, so preventing health care facilities being overwhelmed. Early control of second wave resurgence potentially permits strict lockdown measures to be eased earlier.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.16.20232843v1" target="_blank">Effectiveness of Second Wave COVID-19 Response Strategies in Australia</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 epidemic after social and economic reopening in three US states reveals shifts in age structure and clinical characteristics</strong> -
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<div>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
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In the United States, state-level re-openings in spring 2020 presented an opportunity for the resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. One important question during this time was whether human contact and mixing patterns could increase gradually without increasing viral transmission, the rationale being that new mixing patterns would likely be associated with improved distancing, masking, and hygiene practices. A second key question to follow during this time was whether clinical characteristics of the epidemic would improve after the initial surge of cases. Here, we analyze age-structured case, hospitalization, and death time series from three states ‒ Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania ‒ that had successful re-openings in May 2020 without summer waves of infection. Using a Bayesian inference framework on eleven daily data streams and flexible daily population contact parameters, we show that population-average mixing rates dropped by >50% during the lockdown period in March/April, and that the correlation between overall population mobility and transmission-capable mobility was broken in May as these states partially re-opened. We estimate the reporting rates (fraction of symptomatic cases reporting to health system) at 96.0% (RI), 72.1% (MA), and 75.5% (PA); in Rhode Island, when accounting for cases caught through general-population screening programs, the reporting rate estimate is 94.5%. We show that elderly individuals were less able to reduce contacts during the lockdown period when compared to younger individuals, leading to the outbreak being concentrated in elderly congregate settings despite the lockdown. Attack rate estimates through August 31 2020 are 6.4% (95% CI: 5.8% ‒ 7.3%) of the total population infected for Rhode Island, 5.7% (95% CI: 5.0% ‒ 6.8%) in Massachusetts, and 3.7% (95% CI: 3.1% ‒ 4.5%) in Pennsylvania, with some validation available through published seroprevalence studies. Infection fatality rates (IFR) estimates are higher in our analysis (>2%) than previously reported values, likely resulting from the epidemics in these three states affecting the most vulnerable sub-populations, especially the most vulnerable of the ≥80 age group. We make several suggestions for enhancements to current data collection practices that could improve response efforts in winter.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.17.20232918v1" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 epidemic after social and economic reopening in three US states reveals shifts in age structure and clinical characteristics</a>
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</div></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
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<ul>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of CKD-314 in Hospitalized Adult Patients Diagnosed With COVID-19 Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: Nafamostat Mesilate<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Phase III Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study of AZD7442 for Post- Exposure Prophylaxis of COVID-19 in Adults</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: AZD7442; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: AstraZeneca; QuintilesIMS<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Phase III Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study of AZD7442 for Pre-exposure Prophylaxis of COVID-19 in Adult.</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: AZD7442; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: AstraZeneca; QuintilesIMS<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effectiveness and Safety of Rhea Health Tone® as add-on Therapy for COVID-19 in Hospitalized Adults in Indonesia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Dietary Supplement: Rhea Health Tone®<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Universitas Padjadjaran; PT. Rhea Pharmaceutical Sciences Indonesia; Prodia Diacro Laboratories P.T.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) Treatment in Hospitalized Participants With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: FSD201; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: FSD Pharma, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Intravenous Infusion of CAP-1002 in Patients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: CAP-1002; Biological: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Capricor Inc.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Clarithromycin Versus Azithromycin in Treatment of Mild COVID-19 Infection</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Clarithromycin 500mg; Drug: Azithromycin; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: South Valley University<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy of Probiotics in Reducing Duration and Symptoms of COVID-19 (PROVID-19)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Dietary Supplement: Probiotics (2 strains 10x10^9 UFC); Dietary Supplement: Placebo (potato starch and magnesium stearate)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke; Lallemand Health Solutions<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Fase I Clinical Trial on NK Cells for COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Covid19; Sars-cov 2<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: Natural Killer Cells infusion<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety and Immunogenicity of COVI-VAC, a Live Attenuated Vaccine Against COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: COVI-VAC; Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Codagenix, Inc<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Prevention With Chloroquine in Health Personnel Exposed to Infection With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) (TS-COVID)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: Chloroquine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Fundacion Clinica Valle del Lili<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Organization of Pulmonary Rehabilitation of Post-COVID-19 Patient With Sequelae (REHABCOVID)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Other: Respiratory rehabilitation program (RR).; Other: Respiratory tele-rehabilitation program (TRR).<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Toulon La Seyne sur Mer<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy and Safety of Acetyl L-Carnitine in COVID-19 Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Disease</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Dietary Supplement: Acetyl L-Carnitine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone Palermo<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Early Versus Delayed Intubation of Patients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19; Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Other: Endotracheal intubation<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Evangelismos Hospital<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study To antagOnize Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Severe COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: TM5614; Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Northwestern University<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
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<ul>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The combination of bromelain and curcumin as an immune-boosting nutraceutical in the prevention of severe COVID-19</strong> - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still ongoing, while no treatment has been proved effective. COVID-19 pathophysiology involves the activation of three main pathways: the inflammatory, the coagulation and the bradykinin cascades. Here, we highlight for the first time the joint potential therapeutic role of bromelain and curcumin, two well-known nutraceuticals, in the prevention of severe COVID-19. Bromelain (a cysteine protease isolated from the pineapple stem) and curcumin (a…</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Virus-induced p38 MAPK activation facilitates viral infection</strong> - Rationale: Many viral infections are known to activate the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. However, the role of p38 activation in viral infection and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. The role of virus-hijacked p38 MAPK activation in viral infection was investigated in this study. Methods: The correlation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and p38 activation was studied in patient tissues and primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) by immunohistochemistry and…</p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Network Pharmacology Analysis to Identify Phytochemicals in Traditional Chinese Medicines That May Regulate ACE2 for the Treatment of COVID-19</strong> - “Three formulas and three medicines,” which include Jinhua Qinggan granule, Lianhua Qingwen capsule/granule, Xuebijing injection, Qingfei Paidu decoction, HuaShiBaiDu formula, and XuanFeiBaiDu granule, have been proven to be effective in curbing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), according to the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The aims of this study were to identify the active components of “Three formulas and three medicines” that can be used to treat COVID-19,…</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>High-content screening of Thai medicinal plants reveals Boesenbergia rotunda extract and its component Panduratin A as anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents</strong> - Since December 2019, the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused severe pneumonia, a disease named COVID-19, that became pandemic and created an acute threat to public health. The effective therapeutics are in urgent need. Here, we developed a high-content screening for the antiviral candidates using fluorescence-based SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein detection in Vero E6 cells coupled with plaque reduction assay. Among 122 Thai natural products, we found…</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Triterpenoid-Mediated Inhibition of Virus-Host Interaction: Is Now the Time for Discovering Viral Entry/Release Inhibitors from Nature?</strong> - Fatal infectious diseases caused by HIV-1, influenza A virus, Ebola virus, and currently pandemic coronavirus highlight the great need for the discovery of antiviral agents in mechanisms different from current viral replication-targeted approaches. Given the critical role of virus-host interactions in the viral life cycle, the development of entry or shedding inhibitors may expand the current repertoire of antiviral agents; the combination of antireplication inhibitors and entry or shedding…</p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Molecular docking studies, molecular dynamics and ADME/tox reveal therapeutic potentials of STOCK1N-69160 against papain-like protease of SARS-CoV-2</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 is a new strain of Coronavirus that caused the pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China and has spread to over 200 countries of the world. It has received worldwide attention due to its virulence and high rate of infection. So far, several drugs have experimented against SARS-CoV-2, but the failure of these drugs to specifically interact with the viral protease necessitates urgent measure to boost up researches for the development of effective therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. Papain-like…</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Computational Design of 25-mer Peptide Binders of SARS-CoV-2</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 is the novel coronavirus causing the COVID-19 pandemic. To enter human cells, the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2-RBD) initially binds to the peptidase domain of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor (ACE2-PD). Using peptides to inhibit SARS-CoV-2-RBD binding to ACE2 is a potential therapeutic solution for COVID-19. A previous study identified a 23-mer peptide (SBP1) that bound to SARS-CoV-2-RBD with comparable K(D) to ACE2. We employed…</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Endothelial pulsatile shear stress is a backstop for COVID-19</strong> - There has not been any means to inhibit replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for the rapid, deadly spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and an effective, safe, tested across diverse populations vaccine still requires extensive investigation. This review deals with the repurpose of a wellness technology initially fabricated for combating physical inactivity by increasing muscular activity. Its action increases pulsatile shear stress (PSS) to the endothelium such that the bioavailability of…</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pharmacological inhibition of MMP3 as a potential therapeutic option for COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome</strong> - The high mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients is due to their progression to cytokineassociated organ injuries, primarily the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The uncertainties in the molecular mechanisms leading to the switch from the early virus infection to the advanced stage ARDS is a major gridlock in therapeutic development to reduce mortality. Previous studies in our laboratory have identified matrix metalloprotease-3 (MMP3) as an important mediator of…</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Natural Compounds as Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (3CLpro): A Molecular Docking and Simulation Approach to Combat COVID-19</strong> - The emergence and dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 has caused high mortality and enormous economic loss. Rapid development of new drug molecules is the need of hour to fight COVID-19. However, the conventional approaches of drug development are time consuming and expensive. Here, we have adopted a computational approach to identify lead molecules from nature. Ligands from natural compounds library available at Selleck Inc (L1400) have been screened for their ability to bind and inhibit the main…</p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Gain-of-function assay for SARS-CoV-2 M (pro) inhibition in living cells</strong> - The main protease, M ^(pro) , of SARS-CoV-2 is required to cleave the viral polyprotein into precise functional units for virus replication and pathogenesis. Here we demonstrate a quantitative reporter for M ^(pro) function in living cells, in which protease inhibition by genetic or chemical methods results in strong eGFP fluorescence. This robust gain-of-function system readily distinguishes between inhibitor potencies and can be scaled-up to high-throughput platforms for drug testing.</p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Copper(II) Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease</strong> - In an analysis of the structural stability of the coronavirus main protease (Mpro), we identified regions of the protein that could be disabled by cobalt(III)-cation binding to histidines and cysteines [1]. Here we have extended our work to include copper(II) chelates, which we have docked to HIS 41 and CYS 145 in the Mpro active-site region. We have found stable docked structures where Cu(II) could readily bond to the CYS 145 thiolate, which would be lethal to the enzyme. We also started…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Synthesis of novel coumarin analogues: Investigation of molecular docking interaction of SARS-CoV-2 proteins with natural and synthetic coumarin analogues and their pharmacokinetics studies</strong> - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, identified as SARS-CoV-2, initially established in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019, affects respiratory infections known as COVID-19. In an extraordinary manner, COVID-19 is affecting human life and has transformed a global public health issue into a crisis. Natural products are already recognized owing to the massive advantageous window and efficient antioxidant, antiviral immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory belongings. Additionally, the…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in neurodegenerative diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor for infecting and spreading in humans. Studies have shown that the widespread expression of ACE2 in human tissues may be associated with organ function damage (e.g., lung, kidney, and stomach) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, in neurodegenerative diseases, whose pathogenesis is closely related to advanced age, ACE2 plays a neurotrophic and protective…</p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Covid-19, heat shock proteins, and autoimmune bullous diseases: a potential link deserving further attention</strong> - A link between Covid-19 and development of autoimmunity has been reported. A possible explanation could be molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 and human proteins. Peptide sharing has been found between antigenic epitopes of this virus and heat shock proteins (Hsp) 60 and 90, both of which are associated with autoimmune diseases including those of the bullous type. In particular, there is evidence for the latter Hsp acting as a pathophysiological factor and treatment target in autoimmune…</p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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<ul>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>AN EFFICIENT METHODOLOGY TO MANAGE THE ADMISSIONS IN HOSPITALS DURING THE PANDEMICS SUCH AS COVID 19</strong> -</p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 예방을 위한 mRNA기반 항원보강제 혼합물 합성 방법</strong> - 본 발명은 SARS-CoV-2(코로나 바이러스) 예방을 위한 mRNA 항원보강제에 관한 것으로 코로나 바이러스에 대한 백신으로서 상기의 항원에 대한 예방을 목적으로 하고 있다. 아이디어에는 보강제에 해당하는 완전프로인트항원보강제(CFA)와 불완전프로인트항원보강제(IFA), 번역과 안정성의 최적화가 된 mRNA, mRNA 운반체, 양이온성 지질 나노입자(lipid nanoparticles)로 구성되며 기존의 백신에 비해 효율성과 안정성의 측면에서 더 향상된 효과를 가지고 있다.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Vorrichtung zum Reinigen und/oder Desinfizieren von Objekten</strong> -</p>
|
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
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</p><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Vorrichtung (1) zum Desinfizieren von Objekten mit einer Basiseinheit (2), mit einem Aufnahmebehälter (4) für Wasser, welcher an der Basiseinheit (2) montierbar und von der Basiseinheit demontierbar ist, mit einer Objekthalterung (6) zum Halten und/oder Stützen der Objekte (10), wobei diese Objekthalterung (6) in dem Aufnahmebehälter montierbar ist und mit einer elektrisch betriebenen Reinigungseinrichtung (8), welche in dem Wasser befindliche Objekte zumindest mittelbar reinigt oder desinfiziert, wobei diese Reinigungseinrichtung in der Basiseinheit befindliche Erzeugungsmittel zum Erzeugen einer elektrischen Spannung aufweist sowie einen Plasmagenerator und/oder eine Ultraschallerzeugungseinheit.</p></li>
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||
</ul>
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<img alt="embedded image" id="EMI-D00000"/>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"></p>
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<ul>
|
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Methods for treating Arenaviridae and Coronaviridae virus infections</strong> - Provided are methods for treating Arenaviridae and Coronaviridae virus infections by administering nucleosides and prodrugs thereof, of Formula I:</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">wherein the ’ position of the nucleoside sugar is substituted. The compounds, compositions, and methods provided are particularly useful for the treatment of Lassa virus and Junin virus infections.</p>
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<ul>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Atemschutz-Baukastensystem</strong> -
|
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
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Atemschutz-Baukastensystem, das aufweist:</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">eine auf zumindest Mund und Nase einer Person aufsetzbare Maske (1), die einen Eingang (11) und einen Ausgang (12) aufweist, und</li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">mindestens einen Schlauch (3, 31, 32),</li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">wobei sämtliche Komponenten des Atemschutz-Baukastensystems modular ausgebildet und über Steckverbindungen oder Schraubverbindungen (115, 125, 155, 165, 175, 215, 315, 75, 915) miteinander verbindbar sind, um der Maske (1) Luft über deren Eingang (11) zuzuführen und/oder ausgeatmete Luft vom Ausgang (12) der Maske (1) wegzuführen.</li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Vorrichtung zur Übergabe und Dekontamination von mit Krankheitserregern kontaminierten Gegenständen oder Erzeugnissen</strong> -
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Vorrichtung zur Übergabe von mit Krankheitserregern kontaminierten Gegenständen oder Erzeugnissen nach einer Dekontamination, umfassend eine Einrichtung zur Dekontamination der mit Krankheitserregern kontaminierten Gegenstände oder Erzeugnisse mit mindestens einer UV-Strahlungsquelle (24), eine Durchzugseinrichtung mit Ein- und/oder Ausgabebereichen für die kontaminierten bzw. dekontaminierten Gegenstände oder Erzeugnisse, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Durchzugseinrichtung im Eingang bzw. im Ausgang zum Ein- und/oder Ausgabebereich angeordnete sich paarweise gegenüberliegende Walzen (17) und Räder (4) umfasst, die zum Einzug bzw. zur Ausgabe der kontaminierten bzw. dekontaminierten Gegenstände oder Erzeugnisse vorgesehen sind, wobei die Walzen (17) und die Räder (4) durch im Ein- und/oder Ausgabebereich angeordnete Sensoren (23) und einer elektronische Kontrolleinheit (27) in Bewegung bringbar sind, wobei die Gegenstände oder Erzeugnisse in den Bereich der Einrichtung zur Dekontamination förderbar sind, der zwischen den paarweise angeordneten Walzen (17) und Rädern (4) vorgesehen ist, welcher sich gegenüberliegende Platten (25) aus Quarzglas oder einem UV-transparenten Polymermaterial, wie Graphen oder Kunstglas umfasst, über bzw. unter welchen die UV-Strahlungsquelle (24) angeordnet ist, welche als UVC-LED-Leiste und/oder Modul mit mindestens einer LED-Lampe ausgebildet ist.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>제2형 중증급성호흡기증후군 코로나바이러스 감염 질환의 예방 또는 치료용 조성물</strong> - 본 발명은 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물, 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염을 유효성분으로 포함하는 제2형 중증급성호흡기증후군 코로나바이러스 감염 질환 예방 또는 치료용 약학적 조성물을 제공한다. [화학식 1] .</p>
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<pre><code> JPEG
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48
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135</code></pre></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>新型冠状病毒中和性抗体滴度检测ELISA试剂盒</strong> - 本发明提供一种新型冠状病毒中和性抗体滴度检测ELISA试剂盒，其中包括：包被有生物素‑链霉亲和素标记的人ACE2蛋白的酶标板、辣根过氧化酶标记的新型冠状病毒RBD蛋白、新型冠状病毒中和性抗体阳性对照、包被液、洗涤液、稀释液、封闭液、显色液和终止液等。该试剂盒具有成本低，操作简单，高灵敏度、高特异性、高准确度的特点，可用于新型冠状病毒中和抗体的批量、快速检测。</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Reagenzien und Verwendungen zur Diagnose einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektion</strong> -</p>
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</p><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Diagnostisch nützlicher Träger umfassend ein Polypeptid umfassend SEQ ID NO1 oder eine Variante davon, die an einen Antikörper gegen SEQ ID NO1 aus einer Probe von einem Patienten binden kann, der an einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektion leidet, wobei das Polypeptid bevorzugt auf der Festphase des Trägers immobilisiert ist.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Reagenzien und Verwendungen zur Diagnose einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektion</strong> -
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Verwendung eines Polypeptides umfassend SEQ ID NO1 oder eine Variante davon, die an einen Antikörper gegen SED ID NO1 aus einer Probe von einem Patienten binden kann, zur Herstellung eines diagnostischen Kits.</p></li>
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