537 lines
62 KiB
HTML
537 lines
62 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html lang="" xml:lang="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head>
|
||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||
<meta content="pandoc" name="generator"/>
|
||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes" name="viewport"/>
|
||
<title>08 April, 2022</title>
|
||
<style type="text/css">
|
||
code{white-space: pre-wrap;}
|
||
span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;}
|
||
span.underline{text-decoration: underline;}
|
||
div.column{display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;}
|
||
</style>
|
||
<title>Daily-Dose</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><style>*{overflow-x:hidden;}</style><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How to Unionize at Amazon</strong> - On Staten Island, it made all the difference that the union was independent and led by workers from the warehouse, not managed by a large, outside organization. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/how-to-unionize-at-amazon">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Collecting Bodies in Bucha</strong> - A team of Ukrainian volunteers say that, since the Russian retreat, they have picked up three hundred corpses. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/collecting-bodies-in-bucha">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Putin’s War Gives America a Chance to Get Serious About Refugees</strong> - The climate crisis will produce a huge wave of migrants, and we’re not ready. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/putins-war-gives-america-a-chance-to-get-serious-about-refugees">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>International Coöperation in a Bakery, in “Refuge”</strong> - Two filmmakers who set out to make a film about refugees put aside the harrowing in favor of a slice of life. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/culture/screening-room/international-cooperation-in-a-bakery-in-refuge">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>What Happens When Twelve Thousand Game Developers Converge?</strong> - A week of boba, crypto, and introspection at the Game Developers Conference, in San Francisco. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-silicon-valley/what-happens-when-twelve-thousand-game-developers-%20converge">link</a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>One Good Thing: An unsolicited dik-dik pic</strong> -
|
||
<figure>
|
||
<img alt="A picture of a small antelope with a black box and an exclamation point superimposed over its
|
||
head." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/wSD9b9ZyJerAPOr4zyIm87oTwKI=/579x0:5176x3448/1310x983/cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/70725438/GettyImages_901367454.0.jpg"/>
|
||
<figcaption>
|
||
A Günther’s dik-dik in Kenya’s Samburu National Reserve. | Benji Jones; Adria Photography/Getty Images
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
</figure></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
It’s not NSFW. It’s a Twitter account that tweets photos of tiny antelopes.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kW3Lil">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="bGRcqo">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CN2X5d">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GKKs8Z">
|
||
Few experiences are more jarring than opening your phone to find an image of genitalia that you didn’t request — <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-
|
||
politics/2019/9/3/20847447/unsolicited-dick-pics-texas-law-harassment">an unsolicited dick pic</a>. Such an occurrence is diametrically opposite, I’d argue, to getting an unsolicited dik-dik pic.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RELV8B">
|
||
Dik-diks are tiny antelopes that are no larger than an overfed house cat. These creatures are adorable because of their size, but also because they have enormous eyes and long eyelashes, small trunk-like snouts, and tufts of disheveled fur jutting out of their scalp.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7wicRp">
|
||
I get unsolicited dik-dik pics twice a day because I follow the Twitter account <a href="https://twitter.com/UnsolicitedDiks">Unsolicited Dik-Diks</a> — and I urge you to do the same. Twice each day, the account posts a photo or video of these peculiar antelopes to its 115,000 followers. It’s got it all: dik-diks <a href="https://twitter.com/UnsolicitedDiks/status/1482465111969189888?s=20&t=rjTLQpsSjvQIIt9eQRcKqA">eating leaves</a>, dik-diks with <a href="https://twitter.com/UnsolicitedDiks/status/1481015225713364993?s=20&t=rjTLQpsSjvQIIt9eQRcKqA">Alfalfa hair</a>, dik-diks <a href="https://twitter.com/UnsolicitedDiks/status/1475579743302991875?s=20&t=rjTLQpsSjvQIIt9eQRcKqA">on a scale</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="bqZsJ3">
|
||
The images are little beams of light piercing through what is otherwise a feed of despair. They put me at ease, making me feel warm and comfortable, perhaps because these animals seem so innocent. Like I said, the opposite of a dick pic.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zYiYs2">
|
||
To satisfy my growing dik-dik fixation, I searched for scientific research on these animals and tried to hunt down the account owner. But as I’d learn, none of the four species of dik- dik is particularly well-studied. Perhaps that’s because, as one newspaper <a href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/268958654/?terms=%22dik-dik&match=1">wrote</a> in 1957, “dik-diks aren’t considered very important animals.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DNkh0e">
|
||
Well, I beg to differ.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="3xM3fj">
|
||
Dik-diks: What you need to know
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iAuOfC">
|
||
“There’s nothing not to like about a dik-dik,” Adam Ford, an ecologist at the University of British Columbia, told me when I reached him by phone. Ford did his doctoral research on the antelopes, which are native to southern and eastern Africa, and is one of the few Western scientists who knows them well.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iwihID">
|
||
Unlike most other mammals, dik-diks are pretty <a href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.885.7954&rep=rep1&type=pdf">strict monogamists</a> — they mate for life and don’t seem to cheat. In fact, dik-diks are such good models of monogamy that some organizations have featured them in posters for HIV prevention, to inspire people to stick to one sexual partner. “Learn to live like a dik-dik,” read a poster sponsored by the US Agency for International Development that Ford saw stapled to a bulletin board in Kenya.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<figure class="e-image">
|
||
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/thumbor/GA9DVIoyZGcD8k3DC17gBRk91ok=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23322177/GettyImages_1039918774.jpg"/> <cite>Roland Weihrauch/picture alliance via Getty Images</cite>
|
||
<figcaption>
|
||
A 13-day-old Salt’s dik-dik is weighed for the first time at the Duisburg Zoo in Duisburg, Germany, on November 20, 2015.
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="573LLQ">
|
||
As far as we know, dik-diks aren’t monogamous because they love each other, at least in a human sense. It’s likely more that they’re highly territorial. Bucks try to prevent other males from invading their territories and breeding with their does, and it’s hard for them to guard and mate with more than one doe, according to <a href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.885.7954&rep=rep1&type=pdf">research from the 1990s</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="vKt31z">
|
||
While dik-diks are tiny, they defend their territories ferociously. Using liquid that oozes from large glands under their eyes, they mark plants and draw an invisible boundary around their range with scent. Should another dik-dik attempt to enter, it could lead to what ecologists call an “air cushion” battle — a.k.a. the <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bc0ZjlVN6SI">cutest fight</a> ever. “They’re non-contact headbutting matches for dominance,” Ford said.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<div id="2EbVTe">
|
||
<div style="width: 100%; height: 0; padding-bottom: 56.25%;">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="m1sKs0">
|
||
If you’re not yet charmed by dik-diks, let me introduce to you one last feature: their multipurpose snout. The antelopes use them the way elephants use their ears: to <a href="https://www.britannica.com/animal/dik-dik">cool down</a> in an arid landscape where temperatures often soar well above 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Dik-diks pump blood in and out of their noses, where the heat then dissipates, like a reverse radiator.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VC4M19">
|
||
There’s more: When dik-diks sense danger, such as when a leopard or lion draws near, they <a href="https://www.awf.org/wildlife-
|
||
conservation/dik-dik">whistle</a> through their nose to warn others. That whistle — which some people say sounds like “zik-zik” — is likely how they got their name. (I can’t say I’m <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Vk4jd0bt6Q">hearing it</a>.)
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YnhVOg">
|
||
Whether or not you find their features endearing, dik-diks are important animals in the African savanna. They’re such voracious grazers, they can actually help shape plant communities, Ford said, and they’re an abundant source of food for predators. In one <a href="https://pringle.princeton.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/798/2020/10/2015-Ford-Ecology.pdf">2015 study</a>, led by Ford, researchers found that dik-diks likely helped fuel the recovery of endangered African wild dogs at a site in central Kenya.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="QQAYNv">
|
||
Who runs Unsolicited Dik-Diks? An investigation dead-ends.
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pYJSVc">
|
||
I have plenty of experience searching for sources, but I was unprepared for the challenge of rooting out the owner of Unsolicited Dik-Diks. The account has no identifying information; the username isn’t on other social media platforms; there are no identifiable patterns in the account’s “Likes” and it follows no one; and trying to reset the password revealed no clues.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ovPMnh">
|
||
Unsolicited Dik-Diks doesn’t seem to be striving for virality. Though it posts twice a day, the images and videos look unedited, without the careful cropping or color enhancements common in some follower-hungry profiles. It’s as though someone just typed “dik-dik” into Google Images and dumped the results. Most of the animals the account features seem to be in zoos or sanctuaries, and not in the wild, Ford added.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QAENFQ">
|
||
My last option was to reach out directly over Twitter, but that didn’t yield much either. I couldn’t DM the account, and the only person who responded to my public plea was a former editor of mine who used the opportunity to laugh about my story selection (the last thing I wrote for him was a <a href="https://www.audubon.org/news/what-are-
|
||
fecal-sacs-bird-diapers-basically">700-word story</a> about “fecal sacs”). It seems that Unsolicited Dik-Diks doesn’t want to be found, or perhaps it’s just a bot — though even dik-dik bots need makers.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fU0fqu">
|
||
Then again, I’m not sure it matters. I’m just glad it exists. “Twitter and doomscrolling now go hand-in-hand,” Ford said, who subscribes to Unsolicited Dik-Diks, too. “Has anybody come across a photo on that account and felt worse?” Having built a massive account in less than three years, where each post is consistently retweeted and “Liked” by hundreds of people, I’m guessing the account has made a lot of people feel better. (To be fair, I should add that there are also Twitter accounts that regularly post images of other critters, like <a href="https://twitter.com/raccoonhourly">raccoons</a> and <a href="https://twitter.com/TheDailyPossums">possums</a> — unsolicited animal pics is a whole genre.)
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6FtBq8">
|
||
Yes, the whole thing is silly. We’re giggling like middle-school children at an animal with a vulgar- sounding name. But sometimes, that’s exactly what we need; it’s definitely what I need. Throw in an excuse to dredge up animal facts and, well, that’s my ideal story.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>Can we 3D print a better face mask?</strong> -
|
||
<figure>
|
||
<img alt="Two health care workers in full PPE — body suit, face mask, and goggles — stand back to back,
|
||
in front of a stylized image of face masks." src="https://cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/thumbor/KWAtLkbUZYaXQt4EWhJk26W62M0=/225x0:1576x1013/1310x983/cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/70725335/update_ppe_board_1b.0.jpg"/>
|
||
<figcaption>
|
||
Christina Animashaun/Vox
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
How 3D printing can help mitigate PPE supply shortages in future pandemics.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="SbRNhC">
|
||
<em>Part of </em><a href="https://www.vox.com/23001426/pandemic-proof"><em>Pandemic- Proof</em></a><em>, Future Perfect’s series on the upgrades we can make to prepare for the next pandemic.</em>
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BemZw9">
|
||
Some of the most indelible images of the early pandemic were of the personal protective equipment (PPE) crisis in our hospitals — photos of doctors and nurses wearing repurposed garbage bags, swim goggles, and snorkeling masks as the supply of PPE dwindled in the face of Covid-19’s assault.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="A4Nj9D">
|
||
Those images underscored just how unprepared we were to deal with a fast-moving pandemic. US hospitals relied heavily on overseas suppliers, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8441910/">especially in China</a>, for PPE, and there are no regulations requiring hospitals or states to keep a certain level of stock in case of a crisis. Most didn’t; US health care operates under tight financial pressures, and just-in-time sourcing is — in normal times — more cost-effective. The result was a supply crunch that hampered our response against the pandemic.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="UmX30y">
|
||
As the country waited for US manufacturers to scale up PPE production and for supply chains to stabilize, a fascinating stopgap solution emerged: 3D printing. In the face of a shortage of masks, a coalition of private, public, and volunteer groups coalesced to fill a void, their efforts centered on producing and distributing 3D-printed masks.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YzZMPQ">
|
||
Their work, to be sure, was not nearly enough to meet the shortfall. But as a stopgap, they undoubtedly helped, especially at the local level where such operations were focused — and it all suggests a limited but promising role for 3D printing in the fight against future pandemics.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="H7xfDL">
|
||
“The Wild West of PPE”
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hAYZzu">
|
||
It is hard to overstate just how terrible the PPE crisis of the early days of the pandemic was, especially for the health care workers at the front lines of the crisis.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8L6y0J">
|
||
The shortage led to a fierce search for masks and other equipment that pitted hospitals and states against one another. <a href="https://www.hennepinhealthcare.org/provider/john-l-hick-
|
||
md/">John Hick</a>, medical director for emergency preparedness at Hennepin Healthcare in Minnesota, recalls the lengths to which his hospital needed to go to secure shipments from the increasingly insufficient stock. “We knew the supply chain was not going to be able to keep up with the pandemic. And it didn’t,” he told me.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="55OvYL">
|
||
Meanwhile, supply companies in China tried to work around the <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/chinas-export-restrictions-
|
||
strand-medical-goods-u-s-needs-to-fight-coronavirus-state-department-says-11587031203">export restrictions</a> put in place by the Chinese government early in the pandemic. “When we were receiving samples of masks and gowns from China,” Hick told me, “a lot of times they would come in a box wrapped in clothing, so that from an export standpoint, it would look like they were sending those and not PPE.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MngB1V">
|
||
Premier Inc, a health care supply company, told me that orders rose 17-fold in the early days of Covid-19, and that hospitals all over the country were sending representatives overseas in a frantic attempt to buy up any remaining supplies they could. Sometimes they were lucky, but personnel unfamiliar with the process and without preexisting relationships with vendors often returned with counterfeit products — or sometimes nothing at all.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="vLQk7Q">
|
||
It was the “Wild West of PPE,” remembers Hick.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ozr4tR">
|
||
That’s where 3D printing came in.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="7FFa88">
|
||
The promise of printing PPE in a pandemic crisis
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QEafyM">
|
||
3D printers <a href="https://3dprinting.com/what-is-3d-printing/">can make</a> solid, three- dimensional objects from digital designs. Following a digital blueprint, material like plastics or metal powders are laid down in successive layers, one added after another — one reason why 3D printing is also known as <a href="https://www.ge.com/additive/additive-manufacturing">additive manufacturing</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9cNY6t">
|
||
Given enough raw material and a digital design to work from, 3D printers can <a href="https://int-enviroguard.com/blog/the-hazards-
|
||
of-3d-printing-and-the-necessary-ppe-for-protection/">manufacture physical objects like face shields and masks</a> within a few minutes or hours. It’s far from perfect — additive manufacturing has generally been relied on more for prototyping designs than full-scale manufacturing — but the desperate need for PPE early in the pandemic provided an opportunity to <a href="https://catalyst.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/CAT.21.0321?utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery">push the limits of 3D printing technology</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TSIrJf">
|
||
This is exactly what the <a href="https://catalyst.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/CAT.21.0321">COVID 3D Trust</a> project tried to facilitate, once the shortages of PPE became clear early on in the pandemic. The group was founded under the umbrella of the <a href="https://3dprint.nih.gov/">National Institutes of Health (NIH) 3D Print Exchange</a>, a program the agency launched in 2014 to support bioscience research; they mainly printed 3D models of molecules being studied in biology research labs.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hTTPCn">
|
||
They already had the necessary infrastructure and were able to work closely with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)<strong> </strong>to support cutting-edge biomedical work, printing masks and face shields for health care workers. In just <a href="https://www.fda.gov/about-
|
||
fda/domestic-mous/mou-225-20-008">10 days in</a> March 2020, they were able to provide a platform that would host a crowdsourced repository of 3D-printed designs for masks, face shields, and other supplies such as nasal swabs for testing — all of them tested by the VA to meet the FDA’s emergency use authorization standards for PPE.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pk9Pf6">
|
||
Meanwhile, the Advanced Manufacturing Crisis Production Response, <a href="https://www.amcrisisresponse.us/">(AMCPR) Exchange</a>, a website platform run by America Makes (a public-private partnership for promoting innovative work like 3D printing), provided a separate platform to connect small-scale manufacturers to buyers. According to Meghan McCarthy, the program lead at the NIH 3D Print Exchange, the demand was clear: Traffic to the COVID 3D Trust site jumped rapidly, from 15,000 users per month before the pandemic to 30,000 users per day<em> </em>in March 2020.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sKuhHA">
|
||
The AMCPR’s success relied on individuals, volunteer groups, university organizations, and commercial entities that stepped up to contribute their local 3D printing capacity toward providing PPE needed for the Covid-19 response efforts.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4GTupb">
|
||
Among them was the <a href="https://www.illinoisppe.org/">Illinois PPE Project</a>, a volunteer-led effort that came together when the urgent need for PPE in nearby hospitals became glaring and the response from established institutions proved lackluster. The project was able to arrange for veterans to make product deliveries, use donated loading dock space from local companies, and rely on volunteer efforts to call hospitals and find out who had the most pressing needs.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BLMJty">
|
||
A <a href="https://www.fda.gov/media/150614/download">report</a> put together by <a href="https://www.americamakes.us/">America Makes</a> estimated that its effort produced and delivered 38 million face shields and face shield parts, over 12 million Covid-19 diagnostic nasal swabs, over 2 million ear savers, and hundreds of thousands of mask components and ventilator parts. (The <a href="https://3dprint.nih.gov/discover/ear-saver">ear saver</a> is an attachment that can be used to make masks more comfortable by removing pressure from the ears. That may not matter to the average person temporarily wearing a mask as they dip into a store, but it is highly relevant to health care providers, who often have to wear a mask for the entirety of a 12-hour shift.)
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="bAeheV">
|
||
<a href="https://www.nationofmakers.us/">Nation of Makers</a>, a nonprofit founded to support the “maker” community — a subculture oriented around engineering new hardware and tinkering, often through the use of 3D printing — estimates that nearly <a href="https://www.nationofmakers.us/covid-19-maker-response">50 million total units of PPE</a> and other medical supplies were produced for the Covid-19 response by local additive manufacturing groups by January 2021. It’s an eye-popping number — though still small in the context of domestic mass manufacturing and total demand within the health care system; in March 2020, the US Department of Health and Human Services contracted with companies for <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/07/politics/masks-contract-n95/index.html">600 million N95 masks</a> to be delivered over an 18-month period.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="MzklCV">
|
||
A stopgap, not a solution
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GMnjVu">
|
||
As those figures suggest,<strong> </strong>3D printing is inherently small-scale. It’s not a long-term solution for meeting the PPE demand in the health care system, and will never be as cost-effective at scale as traditional mass manufacturing. Its main value is that it can be done locally, with minimal lead time, and can temporarily fill in the gap to buy time for larger-scale manufacturing and shipping to catch up.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OidlbL">
|
||
3D printing also has value as a means of prototyping new PPE designs. Digital designs can be quickly revised during the additive manufacturing process to try out new approaches. One notable success during this pandemic was the <a href="https://3dprint.nih.gov/discover/3dpx-014168">stopgap surgical mask</a>, a sterilizable mask with a replaceable filter that meets FDA standards and is currently going through the CDC’s NIOSH approval process for N95 masks.<strong> </strong>
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rNTe1j">
|
||
Other promising projects made it to the <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0901502720301235">prototype stage</a>; in particular, the Bellus3D app (which is unfortunately <a href="https://desk.zoho.com/portal/bellus3d/en/kb/articles/bellus3d-wind-down-
|
||
faq">now shutting down</a>) hoped to offer a service for scanning an individual’s face to be combined with 3D printing to create a <a href="https://formlabs.com/eu/blog/3d-printed-medical-mask/">custom-fitted reusable and sterilizable mask</a>, or a customizable plastic frame to improve the seal of a surgical mask.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="e6PZqB">
|
||
But additive manufacturing is just that: additive. Preparing for the next pandemic will require reforming supply chains and enhancing emergency stockpiling for conventionally made PPE as well.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="T6q5rs">
|
||
The wish list of upgrades is long: moving away from just-in-time shipping when it comes to PPE; tax incentives or hospital regulations to incentivize PPE production year-round; and new mechanisms to improve visibility of PPE supplies and chains across hospitals and states, among many others.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AfjLLO">
|
||
But we now have a grasp of the limits of 3D printing in an emergency and how much more we can push them. It almost certainly saved some lives this time around, and it may well be even more consequential in the next pandemic.
|
||
</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine’s disappeared</strong> -
|
||
<figure>
|
||
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/thumbor/cVD2I1qKCnEAzGIxGxAERmPyp_E=/0x0:3115x2336/1310x983/cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/70725317/GettyImages_1239751810a.0.jpg"/>
|
||
<figcaption>
|
||
Close relatives of journalist Maks Levin at his funeral on April 4 in Kyiv, Ukraine. Levin went missing on March 13 and was found dead on April 1 near the village Huta Mezhyhirska, north of Kyiv. | Alexey Furman/Getty Images
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
</figure></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
A local official and a journalist’s father were abducted. Their families’ stories are part of a pattern of disappearances in Russia-occupied Ukraine.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hDSCSO">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="F3Pr9X">
|
||
On March 21, Natali called her father to wish him a happy birthday. It was Viktor Maruniak’s 60th, but, on the phone, he sounded sad and nervous. Maruniak is the starosta, or elected head, of Stara Zbur’ivka, a village more than an hour outside of Kherson, a city in southern Ukraine. Russian forces now occupied it, Maruniak told Natali. He would call her back later. “And I told him, ‘Okay, I will wait for you, please call me back,’” she said.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pMh8dg">
|
||
Natali’s father never did.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YkxkiA">
|
||
She learned later, through relatives, that Russian soldiers took Maruniak from the home he shared with his wife. On the morning of March 23, Russian forces returned, with Maruniak in handcuffs.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QFCfVq">
|
||
The Russian soldiers searched the house, relatives told Natali, though what the soldiers were looking for remains unclear. They ripped the flowers out of their pots. They found the money, even the bills they’d hidden carefully, and they took that along with other valuables, and the candy and the nuts. They destroyed the furniture. The soldiers examined a hole in the yard dug by the dog, suspicious of the loose soil.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jk84OJ">
|
||
“Woman, calm down,” soldiers told Maruniak’s wife, according to Natali. “Maybe it’s the last time you see your husband.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Fc6uV4">
|
||
She saw her husband one more time, on March 24. He returned again with soldiers, though this time, they covered their faces. “Feed him, change his socks, and give him his medicine,” they ordered Maruniak’s wife. As she did, she noticed his legs were bruised blue. There was another bruise on his right temple, another on his arm. Maruniak said nothing, only that it was cold where he was being held.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5wtmxM">
|
||
That was the last Maruniak’s family saw or heard anything about him.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<div class="c-float-right">
|
||
<figure class="e-image">
|
||
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/thumbor/m9hRYHIlyL3EcOWPa5TDu16h36Q=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23374726/File_copy.jpg"/> <cite>Courtesy of Natali</cite>
|
||
<figcaption>
|
||
A photograph of Viktor Maruniak, an elected official of a village in southern Ukraine. According to his daughter, Natali, he was taken by Russian soldiers and has been missing since March 24.
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pRplN2">
|
||
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/olexandra.matviychuk/posts/10158563572067304">Maruniak is among dozens of local officials</a> or community leaders who have been abducted or arbitrarily arrested by Russian forces as they seized territory in Ukraine, especially in the east and the south. These disappearances are both an attempt to coerce cooperation and a<strong> </strong>targeted effort to silence and intimidate Ukrainians who may oppose or organize against a Russian occupation.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EPk2JN">
|
||
The disappearances, said Tetiana Pechonchyk, the head of Human Rights Centre ZMINA, a Ukraine-based organization, are intended to “stop the resilience of local population and to incline the local mayors, active members of local communities, who have authority in this community, to press them to collaborate with the occupiers.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="w2vM6k">
|
||
The United Nations Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine has documented about 64 cases of suspected detention or enforced disappearances among civilians since February 24, including 34 local officials, about 13 of whom have been released. The UN and other human rights groups have confirmed disappearances among other members of civil society: volunteers, activists, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/02/world/europe/ukraine-photojournalist-maks-levin-dead.html">journalists</a>, religious leaders, protesters, and former military veterans. (Vox reached out to the Russian Embassy for comment, but did not receive a response.)
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oJcVNv">
|
||
Anastasiia Moskvychova, who has been tracking disappearances for ZMINA, says they have confirmed more than 100 arbitrary detentions since February 24; about 50 people are still missing.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hCRln0">
|
||
But Oleksandra Matviichuk, a Kyiv-based activist and head of the Center for Civil Liberties, said these numbers are only the “top of the iceberg.” Her group is tracking dozens more suspected cases of enforced disappearances, but they are still trying to corroborate evidence, a task that’s all the more difficult in Russian-occupied areas. Other times, family and friends of the suspected victims fear making that information public.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<div id="zGidsg">
|
||
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
|
||
Amidst the falling shells in Ukraine, another chilling phenomenon is occurring. People are disappearing off the street—abducted by Russian forces in a campaign of intimidation. Over the next few days I’ll be shining a spotlight on these faces—to call for the release of <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/TheTaken?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#TheTaken</a>. <a href="https://t.co/EcI006vyqg">pic.twitter.com/EcI006vyqg</a>
|
||
</p>
|
||
— Samantha Power (<span class="citation" data-cites="PowerUSAID">@PowerUSAID</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/PowerUSAID/status/1509961280752390146?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">April 1, 2022</a>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yZaP1j">
|
||
Fear is why disappearances happen. It is a particularly insidious human rights violation and a technique utilized by <a href="https://www.hrw.org/legacy/backgrounder/usa/us1004/4.htm">US-backed dictators in Latin America in the 20th century, Nazi Germany, and other regimes around the world</a>. Individuals are arbitrarily arrested or detained by a government — or affiliated groups like security services, local militias, and criminal gangs — and because disappearances happen outside the bounds of the law, there’s often little recourse. “State denial is an essential part of a disappearance,” said Freek van der Vet, a researcher at the University of Helsinki’s institute of international law and human rights. “Somebody would disappear, and now authorities, or occupying forces, would deny they are responsible for the disappearance.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iyOUHG">
|
||
These tactics did not begin with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on February 24; they are a continuation of a strategy used before, including <a href="https://www.rferl.org/a/chechen-shaikhayev-disappearance-kadyrov-human-
|
||
rights/30236674.html#:~:text=Forced%20disappearances%20are%20part%20of,at%20between%203%2C000%20and%205%2C000.">during Russia’s military campaigns in Chechnya</a> and in Ukraine. After Russia annexed the Crimean peninsula in 2014 and invaded the Donbas region in eastern Ukraine in support of a separatist movement, activists and journalists and officials were <a href="https://ukraine.un.org/en/123652-enforced-disappearances-autonomous-republic-crimea-and-city-
|
||
sevastopol-ukraine-temporarily#:~:text=Since%20the%20beginning%20of%20the,3.">abducted and detained in these regions</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FuR3W2">
|
||
“It’s the repetition of the Russian playbook,” said Mattia Nelles, a political analyst specializing in Russia and Ukraine. “It’s definitely a concerted effort of intimidation that we see in the now-occupied areas in the south and east, but also in the north.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mf2O1B">
|
||
All of this foreshadows how Russia might try to consolidate control in Ukrainian areas it captures by force. The Russian occupation is still being met with defiance; <a href="https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-kherson-protestors-fired/31763601.html">people are protesting</a>, those <a href="https://www.npr.org/2022/03/31/1090067116/ukraine-mayor-says-russian-soldiers-who-kidnapped-him-knew-nothing-
|
||
about-his-cou">who have been kidnapped and released are speaking out</a>. But human rights advocates and experts worry that, as the war continues, Russian forces may ratchet up this repression, and carry out more enforced disappearances, <a href="https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-putin-zelenskyy-biden-
|
||
business-1b84b61ca7b7bf3c31bb856845269efd">along with other possible war crimes</a>. The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/context/read-u-s-letter-to-the-u-n-alleging-russia-is-planning-human-rights-abuses-
|
||
in-ukraine/93a8d6a1-5b44-4ae8-89e5-cd5d328dd150/?itid=lk_inline_manual_4">raised this possibility to the United Nations ahead of Russia’s invasion</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="V5b3qJ">
|
||
“What we see now,” Nelles said, “foreshadows how the Russians will govern.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="lCVqR7">
|
||
What’s happening in Ukraine has happened before
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qWidvJ">
|
||
In late March, Svetlana Zalizetskaya, <a href="https://ria-m.tv/author/3">a journalist who ran a news outlet in Melitopol</a>, a city in southeastern Ukraine currently <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/03/12/ukraine-melitopol-mayor-fedorov-
|
||
abducted-zelensky/">under Russian control</a>, got a call from the men who detained her father. She asked what they wanted. “We want you to be here,” came the reply.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8KUTlO">
|
||
Zalizetskaya, who had already left Melitopol, told them she would not return. Instead, referencing a viral clip of Ukrainians on Snake Island talking to a Russian warship, she told the men they could go where that warship went — that is, to “<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tKSFewA9rdQ">go fuck yourself</a>.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="r7wTk3">
|
||
On March 25, she got another call from a man who she referred to as Sergei. She demanded he let her father go. “When you stop writing bad stuff,” he told her. In another call, Sergei accused Zalizetskaya of causing the deaths of Russian soldiers with her writing. “Why me? You came to our land and you’re killing us,” Zalizetskaya shot back. “I’m not guilty in the death of your soldiers.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="olwxDs">
|
||
Zalizetskaya, though, understood this back-and-forth would not go anywhere. Her 75-year-old father had recently had a stroke, and he needed his blood pressure medication. So she made a deal: on her Facebook page, she would post that she no longer owned the Melitopol news outlet, in exchange for her father’s “evacuation” — the words his captors used, she emphasized.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<div id="c3mqCs">
|
||
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
|
||
In Melitopol aged father of journalist Svetlana Zalizetska was taken hostage by probably FSB people. They say they will release him only if Svetlana gives herself up. She is not in Melitopol anymore. <a href="https://t.co/9MDLdKTial">pic.twitter.com/9MDLdKTial</a>
|
||
</p>
|
||
— Andrei Kurkov (<span class="citation" data-cites="AKurkov">@AKurkov</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/AKurkov/status/1506620167853416451?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 23, 2022</a>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XiKD0e">
|
||
Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-
|
||
russia-putin-news-03-29-22/h_a35aaffc56bcf888261b7212ae4ecd19">told CNN</a> in March that he was not aware of any disappearances among journalists or civil society activists, despite well-documented reports from human rights groups. And these organizations have seen what happened to Zalizetskaya’s family happen before in Russian-occupied territories.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YdwVGQ">
|
||
“We can clearly state that it is a deliberate policy,” Matviichuk said. “This is like a method of conducting warfare.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="C5Jk0G">
|
||
Extrajudicial arrests happen within Russia, but they are documented more frequently in Russia’s other territories, including <a href="https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2007-06-15-voa62-66778767/564908.html">Dagestan</a> and <a href="https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-european-rights-court-relatives-missing-people-
|
||
chechnya/31320684.html">Chechnya</a>, where enforced disappearances became what Human Rights Watch described as an <a href="https://www.hrw.org/legacy/backgrounder/eca/chechnya0305/1.htm">“enduring feature”</a> of the conflict.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ku8Rwp">
|
||
In Crimea, ethnic Tatars, who tended to oppose Russia’s annexation in 2014, <a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/10/07/crimea-enforced-disappearances">were targeted</a>, including one local activist and leader <a href="https://khpg.org/en/1608809101">who was allegedly kidnapped by men in Russian traffic police uniforms</a> in 2016. In the Donbas, <a href="https://khpg.org/en/1503486891">militias kidnapped, tortured, and killed a local city council member</a> who tried to take down a flag of the so-called Donetsk People’s Republic. “They hunted after the activists, after the persons who supported the Ukrainian army, Ukrainian volunteers,” said Oleksandr Pavlichenko, executive director of the Ukrainian Helsinki Human Rights Union.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NRsZ3N">
|
||
“Now we see the same scheme,” Pavlichenko added, “and it’s only the beginning of this scheme.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fEZhsT">
|
||
Disappearances are one element of the scheme; the other is what happens after that. Advocates say they have credible evidence — <a href="https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/violence-and-hope-in-ukraine-stanislav-aseyevs-the-torture-camp-on-paradise-
|
||
street/">including from those who have been released since 2014</a> — that those being held are interrogated, and sometimes tortured, physically and mentally, and <a href="https://khpg.org/en/1579909440">sometimes killed</a>. Zalizetskaya said that her father was never beaten, but interrogated nightly: “They just repeated the same question: ‘Why are you arrested?’ And he was answering, ‘because of my last name.’”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EIt2aO">
|
||
Natali noted that what little information her relatives had about her father’s disappearance, they knew he was cold. “They hold people in conditions which can be torture itself,” Matviichuk said. The longer people stay disappeared, the more likely they are to be killed, though confirmation of that is often difficult to obtain.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="UJqK1p">
|
||
Human rights watchers and experts say it is often difficult to say who is carrying out disappearances, or subsequent mistreatment — including in Ukraine right now. “The state actors are not interested in accountability for those kinds of abuses, so it creates this environment of impunity,” said Saskia Brechenmacher, a fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace who has researched Russian civil society.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rBsIEa">
|
||
That can make it hard to know exactly how organized these actions are, or whether they are directed top-down from Moscow, the work of local units or security services, or militias affiliated with Moscow.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="H6fObP">
|
||
Eugenia Andreyuk, a human rights adviser at the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT), said that some of those detained in Ukraine are arrested just days after Russia takes a city, and Russian forces often come directly to activists’ houses. That speed has led researchers to suspect Russia knew who they were targeting. Russian authorities, Andreyuk said, were “equipped for this.” Her colleague, Maryia Kvitsinskaya, regional consultant for the OMCT, said they are seeing military veterans being targeted in the smallest of villages. “For me, it’s a question of how they got the list of these people,” she said.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Jv0AIv">
|
||
Ahead of the invasion, the United States told the United Nations it had credible information that <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2022/02/20/ukraine-russia-human-rights/">Moscow was compiling lists</a> of Ukrainians to be “killed or sent to camps.” Advocates do not have confirmation of such lists, or who may have compiled them if they do exist, but emphasized that this campaign of disappearances is not random.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MqJfkD">
|
||
“It’s not happening as some chaotic or spontaneous thing,” Andreyuk said. “This is very targeted detentions — and it’s a very targeted policy to get more control over society.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3 id="0QqFJB">
|
||
A foreshadowing of how Russia will occupy these zones
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pdj1vM">
|
||
Natali said there still is no information about her father. Her family has heard some rumors, including that a woman was taken to a pretrial detention center in Kherson, and might have seen Maruniak. If it was her father, he was skin and bones. Natali and her relatives still do not know what the Russian soldiers were looking at his hime. She heard they might have been looking for weapons or guns, but her dad was not connected to military servicemen.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZaEkJn">
|
||
Again, this not knowing is the point. “[People] never know if somebody has died, or is still alive, or if they would ever return, and I think that creates the fear in society in general. Could this happen to me?” Van der Vet, of the University of Helsinki, said.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<div class="c-float-left">
|
||
<figure class="e-image">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/thumbor/GlhPQDosofOIYhTEzhy5MMRr2yk=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
|
||
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23374809/File__1__copy.jpg"/> <cite>Courtesy of Natali</cite></p>
|
||
<figcaption>
|
||
Viktor Maruniak’s family says Russian soldiers took him from the family home. “Everyone is afraid to talk in the village,” his daughter said.
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iDgH63">
|
||
Disappearances terrorize the local population, but Russia’s ultimate goal is to consolidate power, either through direct control or pro-Russian proxies. This is why civil society activists — those who can organize a peaceful resistance to occupation — are often the first targeted.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xFr6ur">
|
||
The detention of local authorities is also an effort to win legitimacy. “If you can get mayors, or elected officials, to say that ‘okay, they support the new order,’ I think that’s very important,” said Oxana Shevel, associate professor of political science at Tufts University.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HQgzyF">
|
||
If they cannot win that cooperation, the abduction of a local leader gives the Russian military the opportunity to install a more pliant figure, as Russian personnel attempted to do in <a href="https://www.newsweek.com/russia-installs-new-mayor-ukrainian-city-
|
||
says-adjust-new-reality-1687542">Melitopol</a>. (In that case, surveillance video showed the capture of the elected mayor, Ivan Fedorov, with a bag over his head; he has since been freed, <a href="https://www.npr.org/2022/03/31/1090067116/ukraine-mayor-says-russian-soldiers-who-kidnapped-him-knew-nothing-
|
||
about-his-cou?utm_term=nprnews&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=npr">and has continued to speak about his capture</a>.)
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oDwLFP">
|
||
Added together, these disappearances help create a “Stalin-like” police state, a rule through terror and mistrust, and where nobody knows what — or who — might make them a target of disappearance. “If you just keep silent, it is also suspicious,” Pavlichenko said.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Wo4Acj">
|
||
Those who have tracked disappearances in Ukraine since 2014 point out that, as brutal as that campaign was, this latest chapter is different. The Ukrainian population in places like <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-
|
||
europe-60827106">Kherson</a> and <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60719123">Melitopol</a> have continued to protest and resist the invasion — even after evidence of kidnappings. “We’re really afraid that we will have more and more cases [of enforced disappearances],” Kvitsinskaya said. “Because what we see — it’s really the way how Russia’s military responds when civilians don’t want to cooperate with them.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eVsCtg">
|
||
After her father’s kidnapping, Natali says that few people will come to her father’s house anymore. “Everyone is afraid to talk in the village,” she said. Her father’s wife is afraid too, but of leaving the house. “What if they will bring her husband home when she wouldn’t be there?” she said. “So she’s just waiting for him.”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="B7bqf5">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5ob3Ht">
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>IPL 2022: RCB vs MI | Mumbai needs to fire in unison to effect turnaround against Bangalore</strong> - Mumbai Indians are enduring a poor beginning to the season as they have lost their first three games</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>IPL 2022: CSK vs SRH | Focus on Gaikwad as Chennai faces Hyderabad in battle of strugglers</strong> - One of the most decorated teams in the history of the IPL, CSK have endured a tough season so far</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>PL 2022: Man City vs Liverpool showdown preview and league schedule</strong> - Sunday’s enticing encounter at the Etihad is the standout match of the season so far as the two dominant forces in English football battle for supremacy</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>UEFA’s new regulations to replace Financial Fair Play</strong> - UEFA decided to overhaul the ‘Financial Fair Play’ rules that were introduced in 2010 in order to reduce mounting club debts across Europe</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>AFC Cup: Half capacity allowed at Saltlake stadium for ATKMB vs Blue Star</strong> - 10,000 out of 33,000 available seats are for the Mohun Bagan members, and the remaining are up for sale</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Andhra Pradesh: Joint Collector of Sri Sathya Sai district changed in four days</strong> - T.S. Chetan takes over from K. Dinesh Kumar</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Congress questions authenticity of Al-Qaeda video</strong> -</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>BJP seeks police bandobust for ‘Praja Sangrama Yatra’</strong> -</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SCCL Board approves DPR of 800 MW thermal unit in STPP</strong> - It approves hike in local quota to 95%, purchase of uniforms’ fabric from TSCO</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Kozhikode farmers demand realignment of buffer zone around Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary</strong> - Use of incorrect geo-spatial data for fixing boundary alleged</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Kramatorsk: At least 1,000 at railway station when rockets hit - witness</strong> - An aid worker says Kramatorsk station was crowded with evacuees at the time of the blasts.</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>French election: Far-right Le Pen closes in on Macron ahead of vote</strong> - Emmanuel Macron is now looking over his shoulder before the first round of the presidential race.</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine War: Kremlin spokesman Peskov admits ‘significant’ Russian losses</strong> - Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov called the Russian casualty rate a “huge tragedy” for the country.</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine round-up: Villagers forced to live with the dead for days</strong> - The BBC visits a Ukrainian village, where residents in a basement lived alongside corpses for days.</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine war causes giant leap in global food prices, says UN</strong> - The UN says the conflict has spread shocks through markets for grains and vegetable oil.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Axiom-1 crew launches today—are these guys tourists, astronauts, or what?</strong> - The reality is that the crew of Ax-1 is something new. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1845191">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Elon Musk says Cybertruck will happen in 2023 at Texas plant opening</strong> - Tesla’s CEO also promised the Semi and Roadster will arrive next year. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1846760">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Rocket Report: NASA buys a SpinLaunch, Space Force brass visits Starbase</strong> - “It’s an amazing facility that gives you a lot of ideas of what the future could be.” - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1846491">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ransomware sent North Carolina A&T University scrambling to restore services</strong> - ALPHV/Black Cat ransomware group has claimed at least 3 victims so far. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1846733">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Russian Doll S2 trailer is a trippy time-traveling delight</strong> - “The universe finally found something worse than death. I broke time.” - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1846635">link</a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>A farmer had three daughters</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
|
||
<div class="md">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
And they all three had dates planned for this evening. The farmer got his shotgun out to clean as well for added intimidation for the gentlemen callers. At 5PM there was a knock on the door, so the farmer answered it with his shotgun in tow.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
A young man was standing in the stoop, and said, “Hi, I’m Eddie, I’m here to pick up Betty, we’re going to go and eat some spaghetti, is she ready?”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
The farmer scratched his chin, but turned around and called for Betty, who zipped down the stairs, kissed her father on the cheek and was gone.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
The farmer continued to clean his shotgun until 6PM when there was another knock on the door. The farmer answered the door with shotgun in tow.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
There was, again, a young gentleman on the stoop. He said to the farmer, “Hey! My name is Joe, I’m here to pick up Flo. We’re going to see a show, is she ready to go?”
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
The farmer again scratched his chin, but turned and called for Flo, who hurried down the stairs, kissed her father’s cheek and left with Joe.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
The farmer returned back to his chair cleaning his shotgun.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
At 7PM there was a rap upon the door. The farmer stood and carried his shotgun to the door and answered, where there was once again a gentleman caller on the stoop.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
The gentleman began, “Hello, my name is Chuck-” <strong>BANG</strong> The farmer shot him.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!-- SC_ON -->
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/sixgunflint"> /u/sixgunflint </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/tz0n5m/a_farmer_had_three_daughters/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/tz0n5m/a_farmer_had_three_daughters/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
|
||
<li><strong>I am getting so sick of millennials and their attitude.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
|
||
<div class="md">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
Always walkin around like they rent the place.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!-- SC_ON -->
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/YZXFILE"> /u/YZXFILE </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/tyiuqt/i_am_getting_so_sick_of_millennials_and_their/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/tyiuqt/i_am_getting_so_sick_of_millennials_and_their/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Can February March?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
|
||
<div class="md">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
No, but April May.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!-- SC_ON -->
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/memes_inmyveins"> /u/memes_inmyveins </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/tyxzwk/can_february_march/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/tyxzwk/can_february_march/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Ukrainian cleaning his pistol</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
|
||
<div class="md">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
It’s 1961, and a Ukrainian is cleaning his pistol. His son runs into the room shouting: “Daddy, daddy, Russians have gone to space!” The man stops cleaning his pistol. “What, all of them?” “No, just one!” The man grumbles & continues cleaning the pistol.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!-- SC_ON -->
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/slizzbucket"> /u/slizzbucket </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/tyj4wf/ukrainian_cleaning_his_pistol/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/tyj4wf/ukrainian_cleaning_his_pistol/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Took my son out for his first Pint today.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
|
||
<div class="md">
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
I got him a Fosters, he didn’t like it, I drank it. Then I got him a Budweiser, he didn’t like that either, I drank it. It was the same with the Guinness and the Cider. By the time we got down to the Whisky,
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
I could hardly push the fucking pram.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!-- SC_ON -->
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Buddy2269"> /u/Buddy2269 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/tz0vib/took_my_son_out_for_his_first_pint_today/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/tz0vib/took_my_son_out_for_his_first_pint_today/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script>AOS.init();</script></body></html> |