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<title>10 October, 2022</title>
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<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
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<li><strong>The mediating role of religious beliefs in the relationship between well-being and fear of COVID-19</strong> -
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<div>
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Religion has been one of the social entities that significantly impacted the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aims to examine the relationship between well-being and fear of COVID-19 and to test whether religious beliefs mediate the effect of well-being on fear of COVID-19. The sample comprised 433 participants in Vietnam. The results show that individuals who attend religious services daily, people without chronic disease, and younger adults have higher levels of well-being than others. Additionally, older adults have higher levels of religious beliefs than others. Females are more likely to experience fear of COVID-19 compared to males. The latter shows religious beliefs mediated the effect of well-being on fear of COVID-19. Social workers and clinicians must consider older adults and people with chronic disease as prioritized vulnerable groups for early mental interventions and should be aware of the role of religion in psychological treatment integration.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/y5zs2/" target="_blank">The mediating role of religious beliefs in the relationship between well-being and fear of COVID-19</a>
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<li><strong>Comparison of COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Test (Oral Fluid) and Real-Time RT-PCR in the laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection</strong> -
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first diagnosed in December 2019. Since then this virus has caused an ongoing wide pandemic. Accurate diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 are used to prevent the virus from spreading. However, these tests could not keep up with the demand and were not available in all places. Self-testing devices are easy-to-use-tests and reduce the demand in the diagnostic laboratories. The Antigen Rapid Test evaluated in this study uses oral fluid which is a non-invasive technique compared to nasopharyngeal swabs. In this study the COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Test (Oral fluid) was evaluated with 150 SARS-CoV-2 positive saliva specimens and 350 SARS-CoV-2 negative saliva specimens. The Antigen Rapid Test was performed according to the instruction manual. SARS-CoV-2 Real-time RT-PCR was used as Golden Standard. Although the criteria of the WHO are specific to nasal / nasopharyngeal samples (and not saliva), the specificity of the Antigen Rapid Test meets the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO; specificity ≥ 97%). The test meets the WHO sensitivity criteria in samples with higher viral loads (Ct<30), showing the better performance of the test in highly positive samples. For positive SARS-CoV-2 specimens with a Ct value lower than 30 a sensitivity of 83.8% (95% CI: 80.1%-86.8%) and an accuracy of 95.9% (95% CI: 93.7%-97.4%) was observed. This shows that this assay with saliva samples is able to meet the high standards set by the WHO. The performance of the test is comparable to other antigen rapid tests reported in meta-analyses. Furthermore, the test allows self-testing which is non-invasive, affordable and straightforward. This antigen rapid test may provide an affordable, quick, and easy to perform method to differentiate between individuals with high and low viral loads.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.07.22280607v1" target="_blank">Comparison of COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Test (Oral Fluid) and Real-Time RT-PCR in the laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Covid-19 effects on medical industry</strong> -
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<div>
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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant influence on the medical system and pharmaceutical sector in practically every nation on the planet. Communication with patients in their homes away from clinics was a typical practice in order to give safety actions to the healthcare team; however, health services have been interrupted on many levels throughout the world. The financial success of hospitals and health insurers was impacted by these measures. Another difficulty in this circumstance was the inability of medication manufacturers to get active medicinal components from Chinese companies. The considerable disruption of international trade and travel has had a negative effect on the actual economy. Different procedures based on currently available drugs were used to treat coronavirus infections.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/ntmb6/" target="_blank">Covid-19 effects on medical industry</a>
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<li><strong>Impact of COVID-19 on quality of care indicators in patients of carcinoma cervix treated with definitive radiotherapy: A cross-sectional study</strong> -
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<div>
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Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has affected cancer care worldwide. We audited adherence to 19 predefined quality indicators (QI) of treatment in patients with carcinoma cervix in our institute. Methods Patients with carcinoma cervix treated with curative intent radical radiotherapy were eligible for this study. Patients who started treatment between 24 March 2019 and 24 March 2021 were evaluated. We divided participants into two groups, the pre pandemic period between 24 March 2019 and 23 March 2020, and the period of pandemic from 24 March 2020 - 24 March 2021. Adherence to 19 predefined QI was evaluated for each patient’s treatment course. Multivariable analysis of adherence to QI was performed using proportional odds regression. Results 154 patients underwent treatment, of whom 83 (53.9%) received treatment during the pandemic. 17 patients had COVID-19 infection before or during treatment. Adherence to QI decreased during the pandemic, primarily driven by delays in the start and delivery of treatment. The median number of QI adhered to in the pre pandemic period was 17 (IQR: 16 - 17.5) versus 17 during the pandemic (IQR: 16 - 17). Multivariable analysis showed that treatment during the pandemic period was associated with a lower adherence to QI (Odds ratio 3.30, 95% confidence intervals 1.70 - 6.50). Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with reduced adherence to QI. Treatment delivery was affected not only by COVID-19 infection, but also logistic challenges due to restrictions related to the pandemic.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/nz5s3/" target="_blank">Impact of COVID-19 on quality of care indicators in patients of carcinoma cervix treated with definitive radiotherapy: A cross-sectional study</a>
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<li><strong>Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 helicase at single-nucleotide resolution.</strong> -
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The genome of SARS-CoV-2 encodes for a helicase called nsp13 that is essential for viral replication and highly conserved across related viruses, making it an attractive antiviral target. Here we use nanopore tweezers, a high-resolution single-molecule technique, to gain detailed insight into how nsp13 turns ATP-hydrolysis into directed motion along nucleic acid strands. We measured nsp13 both as it translocates along single-stranded DNA or unwinds short DNA duplexes. Our data confirm that nsp13 uses the inchworm mechanism to move along the DNA in single-nucleotide steps, translocating at ~1000 nt/s or unwinding at ~100 bp/s. Nanopore tweezers’ high spatio-temporal resolution enables observation of the fundamental physical steps taken by nsp13 even as it translocates at speeds in excess of 1000 nucleotides per second enabling detailed kinetic analysis of nsp13 motion. As a proof-of-principle for inhibition studies, we observed nsp13’s motion in the presence of the ATPase inhibitor ATP{gamma}S. Our data reveals that ATP{gamma}S interferes with nsp13’s action by affecting several different kinetic processes. The dominant mechanism of inhibition differs depending on the application of assisting force. These advances demonstrate that nanopore tweezers are a powerful method for studying viral helicase mechanism and inhibition.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.07.511351v1" target="_blank">Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 helicase at single-nucleotide resolution.</a>
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<li><strong>SiRNA Molecules as Potential RNAi Therapeutics to Silence RdRP Region and N-Gene of SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico Approach</strong> -
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<div>
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COVID-19 pandemic keeps pressing onward and effective treatment option against it is still far-off. Since the onslaught in 2020, 13 different variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been surfaced including 05 different variants of concern. Success in faster pandemic handling in the future largely depends on reinforcing therapeutics along with vaccines. As a part of RNAi therapeutics, here we developed a computational approach for predicting siRNAs, which are presumed to be intrinsically active against two crucial mRNAs of SARS-CoV-2, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and the nucleocapsid phosphoprotein gene (N gene). Sequence conservancy among the alpha, beta, gamma, and delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 was integrated in the analyses that warrants the potential of these siRNAs against multiple variants. We preliminary found 13 RdRP-targeting and 7 N gene-targeting siRNAs using the siDirect V.2.0. These siRNAs were subsequently filtered through different parameters at optimum condition including macromolecular docking studies. As a result, we selected 4 siRNAs against the RdRP and 3 siRNAs against the N-gene as RNAi candidates. Development of these potential siRNA therapeutics can significantly synergize COVID-19 mitigation by lessening the efforts, furthermore, can lay a rudimentary base for the in silico design of RNAi therapeutics for future emergencies.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.08.511397v1" target="_blank">SiRNA Molecules as Potential RNAi Therapeutics to Silence RdRP Region and N-Gene of SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico Approach</a>
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<li><strong>An alternative mechanism for skeletal muscle dysfunction in long-term post-viral lung disease</strong> -
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<div>
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Chronic lung disease is often accompanied by disabling extrapulmonary symptoms, notably skeletal muscle dysfunction and atrophy. Moreover, the severity of respiratory symptoms correlates with decreased muscle mass and in turn lowered physical activity and survival rates. Previous models of muscle atrophy in chronic lung disease often modeled COPD and relied on cigarette smoke exposure and LPS-stimulation, but these conditions independently affect skeletal muscle even without accompanying lung disease. Moreover, there is an emerging and pressing need to understand the extrapulmonary manifestations of long-term post-viral lung disease (PVLD) as found in Covid-19. Here, we examine the development of skeletal muscle dysfunction in the setting of chronic pulmonary disease using a mouse model of PVLD caused by infection due to the natural pathogen Sendai virus. We identify a significant decrease in myofiber size when PVLD is maximal at 49 d after infection. We find no change in the relative types of myofibers, but the greatest decrease in fiber size is localized to fast-twitch type IIB myofibers based on myosin heavy chain immunostaining. Remarkably, all biomarkers of myocyte protein synthesis and degradation (total RNA, ribosomal abundance, and ubiquitin-proteasome expression) were stable throughout the acute infectious illness and chronic post-viral disease process. Together, the results demonstrate a distinct pattern of skeletal muscle dysfunction in a mouse model of long-term PVLD. The findings thereby provide new insight into prolonged limitations in exercise capacity in patients with chronic lung disease after viral infections and perhaps other types of lung injury.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.07.511313v1" target="_blank">An alternative mechanism for skeletal muscle dysfunction in long-term post-viral lung disease</a>
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<li><strong>When Lockdowns Force “Everyone” to Work From Home: Inequalities in Telework During COVID-19 in Uruguay</strong> -
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Working from home arrangements have been on the rise globally throughout the 21st century. Despite this trajectory, developing economies have trailed developed countries in adopting such arrangements. However, because of COVID-19 lockdowns and social distancing measures, countries such as Uruguay, where teleworking was scarce and unregulated, were forced to adopt this practice to ensure business continuity. Under such conditions, preexisting organizational and individual disparities stratified the likelihood of working from home during the pandemic. Conventional wisdom holds that the main determinants potential-to-telework stems almost exclusively from the nature of jobs themselves. This article expands the traditional understanding of telework determinants by showing that during the first stages of the pandemic individual features of the worker, and organizational and managerial features of the employer, were both determinative of the likelihood that a given worker would work from home. We conducted a secondary data analysis of the March 2020 wave of the Work Monitor, a web-based survey of 847 employed Uruguayan adults. We fitted several multivariate regression models predicting a) the odds of working for a company which adopted COVID-19-related teleworking policies at least for some workers and b) the odds of working from home as a consequence of COVID-19. As the adoption of telework was largely unplanned and abrupt, result show that disparities on organizational adoption of teleworking policies were related to pre-pandemic differences across organizations in terms of preparedness, technological investment, and management practices. Results also show that employers’ willingness to enable working from home policies was the strongest predictor, at any level, of the likelihood of individuals to telework during the national emergency. Individual disparities in terms of human capital also have a great impact on the likelihood of teleworking during lockdowns, but their effect depends on the existence of organizational teleworking policies. Findings’ implications for the present and future of telework in developing countries are discussed.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/nr4j3/" target="_blank">When Lockdowns Force “Everyone” to Work From Home: Inequalities in Telework During COVID-19 in Uruguay</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Using analogy-based messages to influence attitudes toward workplace COVID-19 vaccination mandates</strong> -
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<div>
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Workplace mandates are a highly effective strategy for increasing COVID-19 vaccination rates, and their adoption by United States employers grew throughout 2021. Still, public opinion on these mandates has remained starkly polarized. Drawing from the widespread use of analogies in health communication during the pandemic, we investigated whether analogies to widely-accepted workplace safety rules could affect attitudes toward vaccination mandates. In a survey experiment conducted in September-October 2021, 1194 respondents were randomized to one of three messages about workplace COVID-19 vaccination mandates that included (1) no analogy; (2) an analogy to workplace hard hat policies; or (3) an analogy to workplace smoking bans. Only the smoking analogy increased support for (b = 0.41; p < .001) and perceived effectiveness of (b = 0.20; p = .037) workplace vaccination mandates. Moreover, the smoking analogy’s effect on perceived effectiveness was greater for unvaccinated respondents (b = 0.54; p = .015 for interaction) and was mediated via the perceived strength of mandate enforcement (indirect effect = 0.05; 95% confidence interval = [0.01, 0.10]; P = .006). Our results demonstrate that policymakers and administrators may use a simple analogy to boost public opinion on workplace mandates for COVID-19 vaccination.
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/e8p4s/" target="_blank">Using analogy-based messages to influence attitudes toward workplace COVID-19 vaccination mandates</a>
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<li><strong>Upregulation of CD55 complement regulator in distinct PBMC subpopulations of COVID-19 patients is associated with suppression of interferon responses.</strong> -
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Complement activation has been verified in COVID-19 patients by both increased serum levels of complement factors C3a and C5b-9 and increased complement deposition at the tissue levels. Complement regulatory proteins (CRPs) CD55, CD46, CD59 and CR1 act to control complement overactivation and eliminate complement deposition and cell lysis. The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of CRPs in COVID-19 in order to identify potential dysregulated expression patterns of CRPs and address whether these may contribute to disease pathogenesis. Single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis performed on isolated PBMCs revealed an increase of CD55 expression in severe and critical COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. This increase was also detected upon integrated subclustering analysis of the monocyte, T cell and B cell populations. Flow cytometric analysis verified the distinct pattern of upregulated CD55 expression in monocyte and T cell sub populations of severe COVID-19 patients. This upregulation was associated with decreased expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) in patients with severe COVID-19 suggesting a potential suppressor effect of CD55 on interferon responses. The present study identifies a COVID-19 specific CD55 expression pattern in PBMC subpopulations that coincides with reduced interferon responses thus indicating that the complement regulator CD55 may contribute to COVID-19 pathogenesis.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.07.510750v1" target="_blank">Upregulation of CD55 complement regulator in distinct PBMC subpopulations of COVID-19 patients is associated with suppression of interferon responses.</a>
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<li><strong>Identification of motif-based interactions between SARS-CoV-2 protein domains and human peptide ligands pinpoint antiviral targets.</strong> -
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The infection and replication cycle of all viruses depend on interactions between viral and host proteins. Each of these protein-protein interactions is therefore a potential drug target. These host-virus interactions often involve a disordered protein region on one side of the interface and a folded protein domain on the other. Here, we used proteomic peptide phage display (ProP-PD) to identify peptides from the intrinsically disordered regions of the human proteome that bind to folded protein domains encoded by the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Eleven folded domains of SARS-CoV-2 proteins were found to bind peptides from human proteins. Of 281 high/medium confidence peptides, 23 interactions involving eight SARS-CoV-2 protein domains were tested by fluorescence polarization, and binding was observed with affinities spanning the whole micromolar range. The key specificity determinants were established for six of these domains, two based on ProP-PD and four by alanine scanning SPOT arrays. Finally, two cell-penetrating peptides, targeting Nsp9 and Nsp16, respectively, were shown to function as inhibitors of viral replication. Our findings demonstrate how high-throughput peptide binding screens simultaneously provide information on potential host-virus interactions and identify ligands with antiviral properties.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.07.511324v1" target="_blank">Identification of motif-based interactions between SARS-CoV-2 protein domains and human peptide ligands pinpoint antiviral targets.</a>
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<li><strong>Development of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines encoding spike N-terminal and receptor binding domains</strong> -
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With the success of mRNA vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), strategies can now focus on improving vaccine potency, breadth, and stability. We present the design and preclinical evaluation of domain-based mRNA vaccines encoding the wild-type spike-protein receptor-binding (RBD) and/or N-terminal domains (NTD). An NTD-RBD linked candidate vaccine, mRNA-1283, showed improved antigen expression, antibody responses, and stability at refrigerated temperatures (2-8{degrees}C) compared with the clinically available mRNA-1273, which encodes the full-length spike protein. In mice administered mRNA-1283 as a primary series, booster, or variant-specific booster, similar or greater immune responses and protection from viral challenge were observed against wild-type, beta, delta, or omicron (BA.1) compared with mRNA-1273 immunized mice, especially at lower vaccine dosages. These results support clinical assessment of mRNA-1283 (NCT05137236).
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.07.511319v1" target="_blank">Development of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines encoding spike N-terminal and receptor binding domains</a>
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<li><strong>Fate and plasticity of SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells during memory and recall response in humans</strong> -
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B cell responses to different pathogens recruit tailored effector mechanisms, resulting in functionally specialized subsets. For human memory B cells (MBCs), these include CD21+ resting, CD21-CD27+ activated, and CD21-CD27- atypical cells. Whether these subsets follow deterministic or interconnected fates is unknown. We demonstrate in COVID-19 patients that single clones of SARS-CoV-2-specific MBCs followed multiple fates with distinctive phenotypic and functional characteristics. 6-12 months after infection, most circulating MBCs were CD21+ resting cells, which also accumulated in peripheral lymphoid organs where they acquired markers of tissue residency. Conversely, at acute infection and following SARS-CoV-2-specific immunization, CD21- MBCs became the predominant subsets, with atypical MBCs expressing high T-bet, inhibitory molecules, and distinct chemokine receptors. B cell receptor sequencing allowed tracking of individual MBC clones differentiating into CD21+, CD21-CD27+, and CD21-CD27- cell fates. Collectively, single MBC clones can adopt functionally different trajectories, thus contributing to immunity to infection.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.07.511336v1" target="_blank">Fate and plasticity of SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells during memory and recall response in humans</a>
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<li><strong>Incipient parallel evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Deltacron variant in South Brazil</strong> -
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With the coexistence of multiple lineages and increased international travel, recombination and gene flow are likely to become increasingly important in the adaptive evolution of SARS-CoV-2. This could result in the incipient parallel evolution of multiple recombinant lineages. However, identifying recombinant lineages is challenging, and the true extent of recombinant evolution in SARS-CoV-2 may be underestimated. This study describes the first SARS-CoV-2 Deltacron recombinant case identified in Brazil. We demonstrate that the recombination breakpoint is at the beginning of Spike gene (S). The 5’ genome portion (circa 22 kb) resembles the AY.101 lineage (VOC Delta), and the 3’ genome portion (circa 8 kb nucleotides) is most similar to the BA.1.1 lineage (VOC Omicron). Furthermore, evolutionary genomic analyses indicate that the new strain emerged after a single recombination event between lineages of diverse geographical locations in December 2021 in South Brazil. This Deltacron, named AYBA-RS, is one out of almost 30 recombinants described this year. The submission of only four sequences in the GISAID database suggests that this Brazilian lineage had a minor epidemiological impact. On the other hand, the recent emergence of this and various other Deltacron recombinant lineages (i.e., XD, XF, and XS) suggests that gene flow and recombination may play an increasingly important role in the COVID-19 pandemic. We explain the evolutionary and population genetic theory that support this assertion, and we conclude that this stresses the need for continued genomic and epidemiological surveillance. This is particularly important for countries where multiple variants are present, as well as for countries that receive significant inbound international travel.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.06.511203v1" target="_blank">Incipient parallel evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Deltacron variant in South Brazil</a>
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<li><strong>Baculoviral COVID-19 Delta DNA vaccine cross-protects against SARS-CoV2 variants in K18-ACE2 transgenic mice</strong> -
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After severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) made the world tremble with a global pandemic, SARS-CoV2 vaccines were developed. However, due to the coronavirus’s intrinsic nature, new variants emerged, such as Delta and Omicron, refractory to the vaccines derived using the original Wuhan strain. We developed an HERV-enveloped recombinant baculoviral DNA vaccine against SARS-CoV2 (AcHERV-COVID19S). A non-replicating recombinant baculovirus that delivers the SARS-CoV2 spike gene showed a protective effect against the homologous challenge in a K18-hACE2 Tg mice model; however, it offered only a 50% survival rate against the SARS-CoV2 Delta variant. Therefore, we further developed the AcHERV-COVID19 Delta vaccine (AcHERV-COVID19D). Cross-protection experiments revealed that mice vaccinated with the AcHERV-COVID19D showed 100% survival upon challenge with Delta and Omicron variants and 71.4% survival against prototype SARS-CoV2. These results support the potential of the viral vector vaccine, AcHERV-COVID19D, in preventing the spread of coronavirus variants such as Omicron and SARS-CoV2 variants.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.07.511252v1" target="_blank">Baculoviral COVID-19 Delta DNA vaccine cross-protects against SARS-CoV2 variants in K18-ACE2 transgenic mice</a>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Learn About a Repeat 5-Day Treatment With the Study Medicines (Called Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir) in People 12 Years Old or Older With Return of COVID-19 Symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 Positivity After Finishing Treatment With Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: nirmatrelvir; Drug: ritonavir; Drug: placebo for nirmatrelvir<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Pfizer<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Phase III Study to Evaluate Immunogenicity and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccine EuCorVac-19 in Healthy Adults</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: EuCorVac-19; Biological: ChAdOx1<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: EuBiologics Co.,Ltd<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 iCura SARS-CoV-2 Ag OTC: Clinical Evaluation</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: SARS-CoV-2 Infection; COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Device: iCura COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Home Test; Diagnostic Test: RT-PCR Test<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: EDP Biotech; Paragon Rx Clinical, Inc.; iCura Diagnostics, LLC<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study Evaluating Diltiazem in Combination With Standard Treatment in the Management of Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: DILTIAZEM TEVA 60 mg or placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Hospices Civils de Lyon; Signia Therapeutics<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>FMT for Post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Post-Acute COVID19 Syndrome; COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Procedure: Faecal Microbiota Transplantation<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Chinese University of Hong Kong<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Booster Dose Reminder/Recall for Adolescents</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19 Vaccines<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Behavioral: Reminder/Recall Sent Via Preferred Method of Communication<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>VAX-MOM COVID-19: Increasing Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Immunization; Infection; Pregnancy Related; COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: VAX-MOM COVID-19 Intervention; Other: Standard of Care<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: University of Rochester; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; University of California, Los Angeles<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Research on Community Based ATK Test Study to Control Spread of COVID-19 in Migrant Community</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19 Pandemic<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Device: STANDARD Q COVID-19 Ag Test<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: University of Oxford<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Personalized Computerized Training Program for Cognitive Dysfunction After COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Post-Acute COVID-19; Long COVID<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Device: CogniFit’s CCT Post COVID-19<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Universidad Antonio de Nebrija<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>3EO Health SARS-CoV-2 OTC At Home Test</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19 Pandemic<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Diagnostic Test: In Vitro<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: 3EO Health<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Understanding the Impact of Death Conditions Linked to the COVID-19 Crisis on the Grieving Process in Bereaved Families</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Psychological Disorder<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Other: Qualitative research interview<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Sequential Enhanced Safety Study of a Novel Coronavirus Messenger RNA (mRNA) Vaccine in Adults Aged 18 Years and Older.</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: 0.3ml of mRNA vaccine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Yu Qin<br/><b>Enrolling by invitation</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Bringing Optimised COVID-19 Vaccine Schedules To ImmunoCompromised Populations (BOOST-IC): an Adaptive Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: HIV; Organ Transplantation; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia; Multiple Myeloma; COVID-19 Vaccines<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: BNT162b2; Biological: mRNA-1273; Biological: NVX-COV2373<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Bayside Health; Monash University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>PAPR: PAP + MBSR for Front-line Healthcare Provider COVID-19 Related Burnout</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Depression; Burnout, Professional<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Psilocybin; Behavioral: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: University of Utah; Heffter Research Institute; Usona Institute<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Physiology of Long COVID and the Impact of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation on Quality-of-Life and Functional Capacity</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Post-acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Behavioral: Exercise<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: University of Colorado, Denver<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
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<ul>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Immunogenicity to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant among school-aged children with 2-dose of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines followed by BNT162b2 booster</strong> - CONCLUSION: A regimen of 2-dose of inactivated vaccine followed by BNT162b2 booster dose elicited high neutralizing antibody against the Omicron variants in healthy school-aged children.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A photoelectrochemical immunosensor based on magnetic all-solid-state Z-scheme heterojunction for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein detection</strong> - Rapid, convenient and accurate detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is urgently needed to timely diagnosis of coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) and control of the epidemic. In this study, a signal-off photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor was constructed for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein detection based on a magnetic all-solid-state Z-scheme heterojunction (Fe(3)O(4)<span class="citation" data-cites="SiO">@SiO</span>(2)<span class="citation" data-cites="TiO">@TiO</span>(2)<span class="citation" data-cites="CdS/Au">@CdS/Au</span>, FSTCA). Integrating the advantages of magnetic materials and…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Chemical screen uncovers novel structural classes of inhibitors of the papain-like protease of coronaviruses</strong> - The papain-like protease (PLpro) of coronaviruses is an attractive antiviral target to inhibit both viral replication and interference of the host immune response. We have identified and characterized three novel classes of small molecules, thiophene, cyanofuran, and triazoloquinazoline, as PLpro inhibitors Thiophene inhibited the PLpro of two major coronaviruses, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) including…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Impact of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells on the immune response after mRNA-based Comirnaty vaccine in seronegative health care workers</strong> - CONCLUSION: IgG<sup>(-)MBC</sup>(-) individuals showed the worst humoral and cellular responses, both in frequency and magnitude, after vaccination. Individuals whose antibodies wane and become undetectable after a given period of time post vaccination and show no specific MBCs are less protected and hence are good candidates for boosting vaccine. On the other hand, seronegative individuals with specific MBC showed faster and higher responses compared to the IgG<sup>(-)MBC</sup>(-) group.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Synthesis, spectroscopic, topological, hirshfeld surface analysis, and anti-covid-19 molecular docking investigation of isopropyl 1-benzoyl-4-(benzoyloxy)-2,6-diphenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylate</strong> - Isopropyl 1-benzoyl-4-(benzoyloxy)-2,6-diphenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylate (IDPC) was synthesized and characterized via spectroscopic (FT-IR and NMR) techniques. Hirshfeld surface and topological analyses were conducted to study structural and molecular properties. The energy gap (E(g)), frontier orbital energies (E(HOMO), E(LUMO)) and reactivity parameters (like chemical hardness and global hardness) were calculated using density functional theory with B3LYP/6-311++G (d,p) level…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effects of immunophilin inhibitors and non-immunosuppressive analogs on coronavirus replication in human infection models</strong> - CONCLUSION: The immunophilin inhibitors CsA and ALV display robust anti-coronaviral properties in multiple infection models, including phBECs, reflecting a primary site of HCoV infection. In contrast, FK506 displayed cell-type specific effects, strongly affecting CoV replication in Huh7.5 and HEK293, but inconsistently and less pronounced in phBECs.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The potential molecular implications of adiponectin in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2: Inbuilt tendency</strong> - Adiponectin (APN) is an adipokine concerned in the regulation of glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation. APN plays a critical role in viral infections by regulating the immune response through its anti-inflammatory/pro-inflammatory axis. Reduction of APN may augment the severity of viral infections because APN inhibits immune cells’ response via suppression of inflammatory signaling pathways and stimulation of adenosine monophosphate protein kinase (AMPK). Moreover, APN…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pathophysiology of Post-COVID syndromes: a new perspective</strong> - Most COVID-19 patients recovered with low mortality; however, some patients experienced long-term symptoms described as “long-COVID” or “Post-COVID syndrome” (PCS). Patients may have persisting symptoms for weeks after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, including dyspnea, fatigue, myalgia, insomnia, cognitive and olfactory disorders. These symptoms may last for months in some patients. PCS may progress in association with the development of mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), which is a distinct kind…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Combination therapy with nirmatrelvir and molnupiravir improves the survival of SARS-CoV-2 infected mice</strong> - As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic remains uncontrolled owing to the continuous emergence of variants of concern, there is an immediate need to implement the most effective antiviral treatment strategies, especially for risk groups. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potency of nirmatrelvir, remdesivir, and molnupiravir and their combinations in SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 transgenic mice. Systemic treatment of mice with each drug (20 mg/kg) resulted in slightly enhanced antiviral efficacy and yielded…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Investigating the possible mechanisms of pirfenidone to be targeted as a promising anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-tumor, and/or anti-SARS-CoV-2</strong> - Pirfenidone (PFD) is a non-peptide synthetic chemical that inhibits the production of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and collagen 1 (COL1A1), all of which have been linked to the prevention or removal of excessive scar tissue deposition in many organs. PFD has been demonstrated to decrease apoptosis, downregulate angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) receptor expression, reduce…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Structural modeling of protein ensembles between E3 RING ligases and SARS-CoV-2: The role of zinc binding domains</strong> - CONCLUSION: In silico methodologies have shown that the above human E3 ligases interact with viral partners through their Zn(II) binding domains. This RING mediated formation of stable SARS-CoV-2-E3 complexes indicates a critical structural role of RING domains in immune system disruption by SARS-CoV-2-infection.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Discovery of novel SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease covalent inhibitors using deep learning-based screen</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease is one of the key targets for drug development against COVID-19. Most known SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibitors act by covalently binding to the active site cysteine. Yet, computational screens against this enzyme were mainly focused on non-covalent inhibitor discovery. Here, we developed a deep learning-based stepwise strategy for selective covalent inhibitor screen. We used a deep learning framework that integrated a directed message passing neural network with a…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Interleukin-1 and the NLRP3 inflammasome in COVID-19: Pathogenetic and therapeutic implications</strong> - A hyperinflammatory response during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection crucially worsens clinical evolution of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) triggers the activation of the NACHT, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Enhanced inflammasome activity has been associated with increased disease severity and poor prognosis. Evidence…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of quality and antimicrobial efficacy of locally manufactured alcohol-based hand sanitizers marketed in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in the era of COVID-19</strong> - CONCLUSION: One-third of the tested ABHS did not comply with the WHO ethanol content limit and the majority of the products failed to meet the label claim for hydrogen peroxide content. Besides, nearly all products proved that they have activity against all the tested pathogenic microorganisms at a minimum concentration from 10 to 80%; though, they did not show 99.9% bacteriostatic or bactericidal activities as claimed. The study findings suggested regular monitoring of the quality of marketed…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>An overview on nanoparticle-based strategies to fight viral infections with a focus on COVID-19</strong> - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led to COVID-19 and has become a pandemic worldwide with mortality of millions. Nanotechnology can be used to deliver antiviral medicines or other types of viral reproduction-inhibiting medications. At various steps of viral infection, nanotechnology could suggest practical solutions for usage in the fight against viral infection. Nanotechnology-based approaches can help in the fight against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nanoparticles can play…</p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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