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<title>14 December, 2021</title>
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<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
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<li><strong>Anxiety and Worries of Individuals with Down Syndrome During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Study in the UK</strong> -
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<div>
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The present study explored the effects of the pandemic on individuals with Down Syndrome (n= 67) compared to other SEND diagnoses (n= 48) and their Typically Developing Siblings (n= 56). In total, 115 caregivers reported on their own anxiety and worries as well as of their children. Anxiety levels for individuals with Down syndrome appeared to be lower compared to other SEND populations and to Typically Developing Siblings. In terms of worries, individuals with Down Syndrome worried more about social-related worries but worried less about family- related aspects compared to the other groups. In sum, individuals with Down Syndrome might show less anxiety but still worried more about specific aspects related to the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on their lives.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/vumct/" target="_blank">Anxiety and Worries of Individuals with Down Syndrome During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Study in the UK</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Psychometric properties of the Inventory of Complicated Grief in Mexican community sample during COVID-19 pandemic.</strong> -
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<div>
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Objective: The aim of the present study was to validate the Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG) in the adult population, since there is no valid instrument that evaluates this construct in the Mexican population. Method: This study was based on an Ex Post Facto, instrumental design with a convenience sample. The ICG was applied to 4014 participants (3540, females, 470 males and 4 individuals classified as other) who had experienced a loss of a loved one during the COVID-19 pandemic. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. The internal reliability of each factor was examined by means of the Cronbach’s alpha index (α). Correlation analyses between the ICG, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Satisfaction with life scale and the Beck’s Hopelessness Scale were performed to assess convergent and divergent validity of the ICG. Results: The ICG showed a high internal reliability with a Cronbach alpha of 0.92. The confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that a four-factor model of the ICG (normal grief symptoms, emotional-anxious detachment, intense negative emotions, loss-impairing anxiety) fits the data well. According to bivariate analyses the ICG was correlated with measures of life satisfaction (r = -.208, n = 1984, p = .001), hopelessness (r = .522, n = 1984, p = .001), and depressive symptoms (r = .641, n = 1984, p = .001). Conclusions: The ICG with a Mexican sample is valid, with good psychometric properties and an appropriate measure of complicated grief for Mexican adults.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/fh6wd/" target="_blank">Psychometric properties of the Inventory of Complicated Grief in Mexican community sample during COVID-19 pandemic.</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Predicting Vaccine Uptake during COVID-19 Crisis: A Motivational Approach</strong> -
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<div>
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The present research examined which motivational factors contribute to individuals’ intention to take a vaccine that protects against SARS-CoV-2-virus and their self-reported vaccine uptake several months later. The role of different types of motivation was investigated (i.e., autonomous and controlled regulation) as well as vaccine distrust and effort to obtain a vaccine. Across two large-scale cross-sectional (N = 8887) and longitudinal (N = 6996) studies and controlling for various covariates, autonomous motivation and distrust-based amotivation contributed positively and negatively, respectively, to a) concurrent vaccination intentions, b) self-reported vaccination and c) subsequent subscription to a waitlist to obtain a vaccine. Participants’ infection-related risk perception predicted more positive vaccination outcomes through fostering greater autonomous motivation for vaccination and lower distrust, whereas pandemic-related health concerns failed to yield such adaptive effects. The results emphasize the importance of fostering autonomous motivation for vaccination and handling distrust, both at the societal and face-to-face level.
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/3f4pb/" target="_blank">Predicting Vaccine Uptake during COVID-19 Crisis: A Motivational Approach</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Comparative efficacy of tocilizumab and baricitinib in COVID-19 treatment: a retrospective cohort study</strong> -
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Background Although biological agents, tocilizumab and baricitinib, have been shown to improve the outcomes of patients with COVID-19, a comparative evaluation has not been performed. Methods A retrospective, single-center study was conducted using the data of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Hokkaido University hospital between April 2020 and September 2021, who were treated with tocilizumab or baricitinib. The clinical characteristics of patients who received each drug were compared. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were performed against the outcomes of all-cause mortality and the improvement in respiratory status. The development of secondary infection events was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test. Results The use of tocilizumab or baricitinib was not associated with all-cause mortality and the improvement in respiratory status within 28 days of drug administration. Age, chronic renal disease, and comorbid respiratory disease were independent prognostic factors for all-cause mortality, while anti-viral drug use and severity of COVID-19 at baseline were associated with the improvement in respiratory status. There was no significant difference in the infection-free survival between patients treated with tocilizumab and those with baricitinib. Conclusion There were no differences in efficacy and safety between tocilizumab and baricitinib for the treatment of COVID-19.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.13.21267717v1" target="_blank">Comparative efficacy of tocilizumab and baricitinib in COVID-19 treatment: a retrospective cohort study</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Mental Health During COVID-19: A Qualitative Study with Ethnically Diverse Healthcare Workers in the United Kingdom</strong> -
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
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Introduction: Healthcare workers are experiencing deterioration in their mental health due to COVID-19. Ethnic minority populations in the United Kingdom are disproportionately affected by COVID-19, with a higher death rate and poorer physical and mental health outcomes. It is important that healthcare organisations consider the specific context and mental, as well as physical, health needs of an ethnically diverse healthcare workforce in order to better support them during, and after, the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We undertook a qualitative work package as part of the United Kingdom Research study into Ethnicity and COVID-19 outcomes among healthcare workers (UK-REACH). As part of the qualitative research, we conducted focus group discussions with healthcare workers between December 2020 and July 2021, and covered topics such as their experiences, fears and concerns, and perceptions about safety and protection, while working during the pandemic. The purposive sample included ancillary health workers, doctors, nurses, midwives and allied health professionals from diverse ethnic backgrounds. We conducted discussions using Microsoft Teams. Recordings were transcribed and thematically analysed. Findings: We carried out 16 focus groups with a total of 61 participants. Several factors were identified which contributed to, and potentially exacerbated, the poor mental health of ethnic minority healthcare workers during this period including anxiety (due to inconsistent protocols and policy); fear (of infection); trauma (due to increased exposure to severe illness and death); guilt (of potentially infecting loved ones); and stress (due to longer working hours and increased workload). Conclusion: COVID-19 has affected the mental health of healthcare workers. We identified a number of factors which may be contributing to a deterioration in mental health across diverse ethnic groups. Healthcare organisations should consider developing strategies to counter the negative impact of these factors. This paper will help employers of healthcare workers and other relevant policy makers better understand the wider implications and potential risks of COVID-19 and assist in developing strategies to safeguard the mental health of these healthcare workers going forward, and reduce ethnic disparities.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="article- link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.13.21267718v1" target="_blank">Mental Health During COVID-19: A Qualitative Study with Ethnically Diverse Healthcare Workers in the United Kingdom</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant by sera from BNT162b2 or Coronavac vaccine recipients</strong> -
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Background The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, designated as a Variant of Concern(VOC) by the World Health Organization, carries numerous spike protein mutations which have been found to evade neutralizing antibodies elicited by COVID-19 vaccines. The susceptibility of Omicron variant by vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies are urgently needed for risk assessment. Methods Omicron variant strains HKU691 and HKU344-R346K were isolated from patients using TMPRSS2-overexpressing VeroE6 cells. Whole genome sequence was determined using nanopore sequencing. Neutralization susceptibility of ancestral lineage A virus and the Omicron, Delta and Beta variants to sera from 25 BNT162b2 and 25 Coronavac vaccine recipients was determined using a live virus microneutralization assay. Results The Omicron variant strain HKU344-R346K has an additional spike R346K mutation, which is present in 8.5% of strains in GISAID database. Only 20% and 24% of BNT162b2 recipients had detectable neutralizing antibody against the Omicron variant HKU691 and HKU344-R346K, respectively, while none of the Coronavac recipients had detectable neutralizing antibody titer against either Omicron isolates. For BNT162b2 recipients, the geometric mean neutralization antibody titers(GMT) of the Omicron variant isolates(5.43 and 6.42) were 35.7-39.9-fold lower than that of the ancestral virus(229.4), and the GMT of both omicron isolates were significantly lower than those of the beta and delta variants. There was no significant difference in the GMT between HKU691 and HKU344-R346K. Conclusions Omicron variant escapes neutralizing antibodies elicited by BNT162b2 or CoronaVac. The additional R346K mutation did not affect the neutralization susceptibility. Our data suggest that the Omicron variant may be associated with lower COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness.
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</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.13.21267668v1" target="_blank">Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant by sera from BNT162b2 or Coronavac vaccine recipients</a>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Harmonization of SARS CoV-2 antibodies determination. Is it really possible?</strong> -
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The WHO standard was prepared with the aim of harmonizing assays detecting antibodies against SARS CoV-2. The aspect of the harmonization of the assays is to date under debate. We re-evaluated a previously studied set of cases (108 specimens of 48 patients and 60 specimens of 20 vaccinated subjects, collected after 14 days from the first dose, 14 days and 3 months after a second dose of the Comirnaty BNT162b2 vaccine), calculating the ratios between the results of two methods (SARS-CoV-2 IgG anti-RBD, SNIBE and anti-SARS-CoV-2 QuantiVac ELISA IgG, Euroimmun). In the vaccinated subjects the ratios of the results between methods according to the WHO standard were relatively dispersed, but the harmonization results good. On the other hand, in patient samples the variability between tests was very high and the harmonization was unsatisfactory (median ratios between methods 2.23, 10th-90th percentile: 1.1-5.6). Interestingly, in patient samples the harmonization depends on the time from the onset of symptoms, and greatly improves after 6 months from the diagnosis. 40 patient specimens and 31 of vaccinated subjects after the second dose were evaluated also with a third method (Access SARS-CoV-2 IgG (1st IS), Beckman Coulter), obtaining similar trend. We can conclude that the actual effectiveness of harmonization between methods may vary depending on the scenario in which they will be used.
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</p>
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</ul>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.13.21267669v1" target="_blank">Harmonization of SARS CoV-2 antibodies determination. Is it really possible?</a>
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</div>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>Humoral and cellular immune responses and their kinetics vary in dependence of diagnosis and treatment in immunocompromised patients upon COVID-19 mRNA vaccination.</strong> -
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Background Knowledge about humoral and cellular immunogenicity and their kinetics following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations in immunosuppressed patients is limited. Methods Antibody and cytokine responses were assessed in 263 patients with either solid tumors (SOT, n=63), multiple myeloma (MM, n=70) or inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD, n=130) undergoing various immunosuppressive regimens and from 66 healthy controls before the first and the second, as well as four weeks and 5-6 months after the second mRNA vaccine dose with either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. Findings Four weeks after the second dose, seroconversion was lower in cancer than in IBD patients and controls, with the highest non-responder rate in MM patients (17.1%). S1-specific IgG levels correlated with neutralizing antibody titers. While antibody responses correlated with cellular responses in controls and IBD patients, IFN-g; and antibody responses did not in SOT and MM patients. At six months, 19.6% of patients with MM and 7.3% with SOT had become seronegative, while IBD patients and controls remained seropositive in 96.3% and 100%, respectively. Vaccinees receiving mRNA-1273 presented higher antibody levels than those vaccinated with BNT162b2. Interpretation Cancer patients may launch an inadequate seroresponse in the immediate time range following vaccination and up to six months, correlating with vaccine-specific cellular responses. These findings propose antibody testing in immunosuppressed - along with cellular testing - provides guidance for administration of additional vaccine doses, or may indicate the necessity for antibody treatment. IBD patients respond well to the vaccine, but treatment such as with TNF-a; inhibitors may reduce persistence of immune responses.
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</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.13.21267603v1" target="_blank">Humoral and cellular immune responses and their kinetics vary in dependence of diagnosis and treatment in immunocompromised patients upon COVID-19 mRNA vaccination.</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Differential impact of Covid-19 on incidence of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases in acute, post-acute and long Covid-19: population-based cohort study in the United Kingdom</strong> -
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Objective: This study aimed to estimate the incidence of new diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) up to one year after Covid-19 compared with matched controls. Methods: A cohort study was conducted using electronic records for 1,473 family practices with a population of 14.9 million. Covid-19 patients without DM or CVD were individually matched with controls and followed up to October 2021. A difference-in-difference analysis estimated the net effect of Covid-19 allowing for baseline differences and covariates. Results: There were 372,816 Covid-19 patients, with 2,935 CVD and 3,139 DM events, and 372,816 matched controls with 1,193 CVD and 1,861 DM events following the index date. Net incidence of DM increased in acute Covid-19 up to four weeks from index date (adjusted rate ratio, RR 1.71, 1.40 to 2.10) and remained elevated in post-acute (five to 12 weeks from index date; RR 1.17, 1.01 to 1.36) and long-Covid-19 (13 to 52 weeks, 1.20, 1.09 to 1.31). Acute Covid-19 was associated with net increased CVD incidence (RR 6.02, 95% confidence interval 4.84 to 7.47) including pulmonary embolism (RR 14.5, 7.72 to 27.4), atrial arrythmias (6.58, 3.78 to 11.4) and venous thromboses (5.44, 3.22 to 9.17). CVD incidence declined in post-acute Covid-19 (R 1.68, 1.41 to 2.01) and showed no net increase in long Covid-19 (0.95, 0.85 to 1.06). Conclusions: DM incidence remains elevated up to one year following Covid-19. CVD is increased early after Covid-19 mainly from pulmonary embolism, atrial arrhythmias and venous thromboses.
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</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.13.21267723v1" target="_blank">Differential impact of Covid-19 on incidence of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases in acute, post-acute and long Covid-19: population-based cohort study in the United Kingdom</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Third BNT162b2 vaccination neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection</strong> -
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
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Using isolates of SARS-CoV-2 WT, Beta, Delta and most importantly Omicron we studied the capability of the BNT162b2 vaccine given in two or three doses to neutralize major SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC). We demonstrate low neutralization efficiency against delta and wild-type for vaccines with more than 5 months following the second BNT162b2 dose, with no neutralization efficiency against Omicron. We demonstrate the importance of a third dose, by showing a 100-fold increase in neutralization efficiency of Omicron following a third dose, with a 4-fold reduced neutralization compared to that against the Delta VOC. The durability of the effect of the third dose is yet to be determined.
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</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.13.21267670v1" target="_blank">Third BNT162b2 vaccination neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Durability of mRNA-1273 against COVID-19 in the time of Delta: Interim results from an observational cohort study</strong> -
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Background: We conducted a prospective cohort study at Kaiser Permanente Southern California to study the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of mRNA-1273 over time and during the emergence of the Delta variant. Methods: The cohort for this planned interim analysis consisted of individuals aged ≥18 years receiving 2 doses of mRNA-1273 through June 2021, matched 1:1 to randomly selected unvaccinated individuals by age, sex, and race/ethnicity, with follow-up through September 2021. Outcomes were SARS-CoV-2 infection, and COVID-19 hospitalization and hospital death. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing outcomes in the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Adjusted VE (%) was calculated as (1-aHR)x100. HRs and VEs were also estimated for SARS-CoV-2 infection by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and during the Delta period (June-September 2021). VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 hospitalization was estimated at 0-<2, 2-<4, 4-<6, and 6-<8 months post-vaccination. Results: 927,004 recipients of 2 doses of mRNA-1273 were matched to 927,004 unvaccinated individuals. VE (95% CI) was 82.8% (82.2-83.3%) against SARS-CoV-2 infection, 96.1% (95.5-96.6%) against COVID-19 hospitalization, and 97.2% (94.8-98.4%) against COVID-19 hospital death. VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection was similar by age, sex, and race/ethnicity, and was 86.5% (84.8-88.0%) during the Delta period. VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection decreased from 88.0% at 0-<2 months to 75.5% at 6-<8 months. Conclusions: These interim results provide continued evidence for protection of 2 doses of mRNA-1273 against SARS-CoV-2 infection over 8 months post-vaccination and during the Delta period, and against COVID-19 hospitalization and hospital death.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.13.21267620v1" target="_blank">Durability of mRNA-1273 against COVID-19 in the time of Delta: Interim results from an observational cohort study</a>
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<li><strong>Broad anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody immunity induced by heterologous ChAdOx1/mRNA-1273 prime-boost vaccination</strong> -
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Heterologous prime-boost immunization strategies have the potential to augment COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and address ongoing vaccine supply challenges. Here, we longitudinally profiled SARS-CoV-2 spike (S)-specific serological and memory B cell (MBC) responses in individuals receiving either homologous (ChAdOx1:ChAdOx1) or heterologous (ChAdOx1:mRNA-1273) prime-boost vaccination. Heterologous mRNA booster immunization induced significantly higher serum neutralizing antibody and MBC responses compared to homologous ChAdOx1 boosting. Specificity mapping of circulating S-specific B cells revealed that mRNA-1273 booster immunization dramatically immunofocused ChAdOx1-primed responses onto epitopes expressed on prefusion-stabilized S. Monoclonal antibodies isolated from mRNA-1273-boosted participants displayed higher binding affinities and increased breadth of reactivity against variants of concern (VOCs) relative to those isolated from ChAdOx1-boosted participants. Overall, the results provide fundamental insights into the B cell response induced by ChAdOx1 and a molecular basis for the enhanced immunogenicity observed following heterologous mRNA booster vaccination.
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</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.13.21267598v1" target="_blank">Broad anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody immunity induced by heterologous ChAdOx1/mRNA-1273 prime-boost vaccination</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Randomized controlled trial transfusing convalescent plasma as post-exposure prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 infection</strong> -
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BACKGROUND: The efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasma (CCP) for preventing infection in exposed, uninfected individuals is unknown. We hypothesized that CCP might prevent infection when administered before symptoms or laboratory evidence of infection. METHODS: This double-blinded, phase 2 randomized, controlled trial (RCT) compared the efficacy and safety of prophylactic high titer (≥1:320) CCP with standard plasma. Asymptomatic participants aged ≥18 years with close contact exposure to a person with confirmed COVID-19 in the previous 120 hours and negative SARS-CoV-2 test within 24 hours before transfusion were eligible. The primary outcome was development of SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS: 180 participants were enrolled; 87 were assigned to CCP and 93 to control plasma, and 170 transfused at 19 sites across the United States from June 2020 to March 2021. Two were excluded for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positivity at screening. Of the remaining 168 participants, 12/81 (14.8%) CCP and 13/87 (14.9%) control recipients developed SARS- CoV-2 infection; 6 (7.4%) CCP and 7 (8%) control recipients developed COVID-19 (infection with symptoms). There were no COVID-19-related hospitalizations in CCP and 2 in control recipients. There were 28 adverse events in CCP and 58 in control recipients. Efficacy by restricted mean infection free time (RMIFT) by 28 days for all SARS-CoV-2 infections (25.3 vs. 25.2 days; p=0.49) and COVID-19 (26.3 vs. 25.9 days; p=0.35) were similar for both groups. CONCLUSION: In this trial, which enrolled persons with recent exposure to a person with confirmed COVID-19, high titer CCP as post- exposure prophylaxis appeared safe, but did not prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrial.gov number NCT04323800.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.13.21267611v1" target="_blank">Randomized controlled trial transfusing convalescent plasma as post-exposure prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 infection</a>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Broad antiviral effects of Echinacea purpurea against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and potential mechanism of action</strong> -
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Background: SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) represent an alarming threat as they show altered biological behavior and may escape vaccination effectiveness. Some exhibit increased pathogenicity and transmissibility compared to the original wild-type WUHAN (Hu-1). Broad-spectrum antivirals could complement and further enhance preventive benefits achieved through SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaigns (2) Methods: The anti-coronavirus activity of Echinacea purpurea (Echinaforce extract, EF) against (i) VOCs B1.1.7 (alpha), B.1.351.1 (beta), P.1 (gamma), B1.617.2 (delta), AV.1 (Scottish) and B1.525 (eta), (ii) SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein-pseudotyped viral particles and reference strain OC43 as well as (iii) wild-type SARS-CoV-2 (Hu-1) were analyzed. Molecular dynamics (MD) were applied to study the interaction of Echinacea phytochemical markers with known pharmacological viral and host cell targets. (3) Results: EF extract broadly inhibited propagation of all investigated SARS-CoV-2 VOCs as well as entry of SARS-CoV-2 pseudoparticles at EC50 s ranging from 3.62 to 12.03 micrograms/ml. Preventive addition of 20 micrograms/ml EF to epithelial cells significantly reduced sequential infection with SARS-CoV-2 (Hu-1) as well as with the common human strain OC43. MD analyses showed constant binding affinities to Hu-1, B1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, and B1.617.2-typic S protein variants for alkylamides, caftaric acid, and feruloyl-tartaric acid in EF extract. They further indicated that the EF extract could possibly interact with TMPRSS-2, a serine protease required for virus endocytosis. (4) Conclusions: EF extract demonstrated stable antiviral activity across 6 tested VOCs, which is likely due to the constant affinity of the contained phytochemical marker substances to all spike variants. A possible interaction of EF with TMPRSS-2 partially would explain the cell-protective benefits of the extract by inhibition of endocytosis. EF may therefore offer a supportive addition to vaccination endeavors in the control of existing and future SARS-CoV-2 virus mutations.
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</div></li>
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</ul>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.12.472255v1" target="_blank">Broad antiviral effects of Echinacea purpurea against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and potential mechanism of action</a>
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<li><strong>Epistatic models predict mutable sites in SARS-CoV-2 proteins and epitopes</strong> -
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<div>
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The emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 is a major concern given their potential impact on the transmissibility and pathogenicity of the virus as well as the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Here, we predict the mutability of all positions in SARS-CoV-2 protein domains to forecast the appearance of unseen variants. Using sequence data from other coronaviruses, pre-existing to SARS-CoV-2, we build statistical models that do not only capture amino-acid conservation but more complex patterns resulting from epistasis. We show that these models are notably superior to conservation profiles in estimating the already observable SARS-CoV-2 variability. In the receptor binding domain of the spike protein, we observe that the predicted mutability correlates well with experimental measures of protein stability and that both are reliable mutability predictors (ROC AUC ~0.8). Most interestingly, we observe an increasing agreement between our model and the observed variability as more data become available over time, proving the anticipatory capacity of our model. When combined with data concerning the immune response, our approach identifies positions where current variants of concern are highly overrepresented. These results could assist studies on viral evolution, future viral outbreaks and, in particular, guide the exploration and anticipation of potentially harmful future SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.11.472202v1" target="_blank">Epistatic models predict mutable sites in SARS-CoV-2 proteins and epitopes</a>
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</div></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
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<ul>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Trial to Evaluate Nitazoxanide for Treatment of Mild COVID-19 in Subjects Not at High Risk of Severe Illness</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Nitazoxanide; Drug: Placebo; Dietary Supplement: Vitamin Super-B Complex<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Romark Laboratories L.C.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Trial to Evaluate Nitazoxanide for Treatment of Mild or Moderate COVID-19 in Subjects at High Risk of Severe Illness</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Nitazoxanide; Dietary Supplement: Vitamin Super-B Complex; Drug: Placebo; Other: Standard of Care<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: <br/>
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Romark Laboratories L.C.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial of Ivermectin With Favipiravir in Mild-to-moderate COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Ivermectin Tablets; Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Mahidol University; Prince of Songkla University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Using MOST to Optimize an Intervention to Increase COVID-19 Testing for Frontline Essential Workers</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19; COVID-19 Testing<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: Motivational interviewing</li>
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</ul>
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<ol start="1001" type="I">
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">counseling; Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs); Behavioral: Peer education; Behavioral: Access to COVID testing<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: New York University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></li>
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</ol>
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<ul>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Australian Phase 2/3b Study to Assess Effectiveness of a Protein-based Covid-19 Vaccine (Spikogen)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: Spikogen/Covax-19<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: <br/>
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Vaxine Pty Ltd; Australian Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Institute; Cinnagen<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>GlowTest COVID-19 Antigen Home Test Kit QRI Use Study</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid 19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Diagnostic Test: GlowTest COVID-19 Antigen Home Test<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Arion Bio; CSSi Life Sciences<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy of Different COVID-19 Vaccine Combinations in Inducing Long-term Humoral Immunity [PRIBIVAC]</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Homologous mRNA booster vaccine; Biological: Heterologous mRNA booster vaccine; Biological: Non-mRNA booster vaccine A; Biological: Non- mRNA booster vaccine B; Biological: Non-mRNA booster vaccine C<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Tan Tock Seng Hospital; A*Star; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study of GRT-R910 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Boost Vaccine in Healthy Volunteers</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: GRT-R910 booster 113 days after prime; Biological: GRT-R910 booster 28 days after prime<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Gritstone Oncology, Inc.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Adrecizumab (HAM8101) to Improve Prognosis and Outcomes in COVID-19 Trial</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Adrecizumab (HAM 8101); Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Immunogenicity Study of the Covid-19 (Recombinante) Vaccine With a 4 or 8 Week Interval Between the First Doses.</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: Covid-19 (recombinante) vaccine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: The Immunobiological Technology Institute (Bio-Manguinhos) / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety and Immunogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccine, Inactivated in Healthy Population Aged From 3 to 11 Years</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: COVID-19 Vaccine,Inactivated<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd.<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
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||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of the Combination of SCTA01 & SCTA01C in Outpatients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: SCTA01 and SCTA01C; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Sinocelltech Ltd.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study of Immunogenicity Equivalence of a Homologous Third Dose of Covid-19 (Recombinante) Vaccine</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: Covid -19 (recombinante) vaccine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: The Immunobiological Technology Institute (Bio-Manguinhos) / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of a Monoclonal Antibody Cocktail for the Prevention of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: ADM03820; Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: <br/>
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Ology Bioservices; Enabling Biotechnologies (EB)<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy,Immunogenicity and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccine , Inactivated Booster Dose in Adults Aged 18 Years and Above</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Medium-dosage COVID-19 Vaccine,Inactivated; Biological: High-dosage COVID-19 Vaccine,Inactivated; Biological: Placebo-comparator group<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: <br/>
|
||
Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
|
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<ul>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Potential prophylactic efficacy of mast cell stabilizers against COVID-19 vaccine-induced anaphylaxis</strong> - To fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the vaccination is currently the most effective approach. However, in addition to common systemic side effects, the vaccines can cause serious allergic reactions or anaphylaxis. In anaphylaxis, the exposure to the allergen causes a sudden release of chemical mediators from mast cells, for which adrenaline is the drug of first choice. In our previous basic studies, in addition to adrenaline, anti-allergic drugs (olopatadine, loratadine,…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Lived experiences of Ugandan women who had recovered from a clinical diagnosis of postpartum depression: a phenomenological study</strong> - CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Suicidal and homicidal thoughts are important parts of the postpartum depression experience, and these may put the lives of the mothers, their spouses and their babies at a great risk. Poor relationship quality, intimate partner violence and lack of financial resources contribute significantly to the negative emotional experiences of mothers with PPD.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>CD19 B cell repopulation after ocrelizumab, alemtuzumab and cladribine: Implications for SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in multiple sclerosis</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: Most people demonstrate B cell repletion within 3 months of the last treatment of alemtuzumab and cladribine. However, few people repopulate peripheral B-cells with standard ocrelizumab dosing. Controlled studies are warranted to examine a view that delaying the dosing interval by 3-6 months may allow more people to potentially seroconvert after vaccination.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The OM-85 bacterial lysate inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection of epithelial cells by downregulating SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression</strong> - CONCLUSION: OM-85 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 epithelial cell infection in vitro by downregulating SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression. Further studies are warranted to assess whether OM-85 may prevent and/or reduce the severity of COVID-19.</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Governing the Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator: towards greater participation, transparency, and accountability</strong> - The Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT-A) is a multistakeholder initiative quickly constructed in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic to respond to a catastrophic breakdown in global cooperation. ACT-A is now the largest international effort to achieve equitable access to COVID-19 health technologies, and its governance is a matter of broad public importance. We traced the evolution of ACT-A’s governance through publicly available documents and analysed it against three principles…</p></li>
|
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Identification of homologous human miRNAs as antivirals towards COVID-19 genome</strong> - The COVID-19 fatality rate is ~57% worldwide. The investigation of possible antiviral therapy using host microRNA (miRNA) to inhibit viral replication and transmission is the need of the hour. Computational techniques were used to predict the hairpin precursor miRNA (pre-miRNAs) of COVID-19 genome with high homology towards human (host) miRNA. Top 21 host miRNAs with >80% homology towards 18 viral pre miRNAs were identified. The Gibbs free energy (ΔG) between host miRNAs and viral pre-miRNAs…</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Peptides and peptidomimetics as therapeutic agents for Covid-19</strong> - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Covid-19 pandemic has caused high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Virus entry into cells can be blocked using several strategies, including inhibition of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between the viral spike glycoprotein and cellular receptors, as well as blocking of spike protein conformational changes that are required for cleavage/activation and fusogenicity. The spike-mediated viral attachment and entry into…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Using thermodynamic equilibrium models to predict the effect of antiviral agents on infectivity: Theoretical application to SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses</strong> - Thermodynamic equilibrium models predict the infectivity of novel and emerging viruses using molecular data including the binding affinity of the virus to the host cell (as represented by the association constant K(a_virus_T)) and the probability, p(virogenesis), of the virus replicating after entry to the cell. Here those models are adapted based on the principles of ligand binding to macromolecules to assess the effect on virus infectivity of inhibitor molecules which target specific proteins…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>ISGylation in Innate Antiviral Immunity and Pathogen Defense Responses: A Review</strong> - The interferon-stimulating gene 15 (ISG15) protein is a ubiquitin-like protein induced by interferons or pathogens. ISG15 can exist in free form or covalently bind to the target protein through an enzymatic cascade reaction, which is called ISGylation. ISGylation has been found to play an important role in the innate immune responses induced by type I interferon, and is, thus, critical for the defense of host cells against RNA, DNA, and retroviruses. Through covalent binding with the host and…</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>An evaluation of community satisfaction with the government’s COVID-19 pandemic response in Aceh, Indonesia</strong> - Countries around the world are still struggling due to the COVID-19 pandemic. No exception with Indonesia, a developing country with the highest mortality rate and the lowest number of tests in Asia. Located in the northernmost, Aceh is one of the poorest provinces with a history of long-term conflict is not in the best condition to face a pandemic. This study’s objective is to assess the local government’s performance in responding to this pandemic according to the Acehnese community’s level of…</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Herb-Drug Interaction Between Xiyanping Injection and Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Two Agents Used in COVID-19 Pharmacotherapy</strong> - The global epidemic outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which exhibits high infectivity, resulted in thousands of deaths due to the lack of specific drugs. Certain traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), such as Xiyanping injection (XYPI), have exhibited remarkable benefits against COVID-19. Although TCM combined with Western medicine is considered an effective approach for the treatment of COVID-19, the combination may result in potential herb-drug interactions in the clinical…</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Traditional Uses, Pharmacological Effects, and Molecular Mechanisms of Licorice in Potential Therapy of COVID-19</strong> - The current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global challenge, and although vaccines have been developed, it is expected that mild to moderate patients will control their symptoms, especially in developing countries. Licorice, not only a food additive, but also a common traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which has several pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammation, detoxification, antibacterial, antitussive, and immunomodulatory effects, especially in…</p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Bringing Smart Home Technology to Peer-to-Peer Accommodation: Exploring the Drivers of Intention to Stay in Smart Accommodation</strong> - COVID-19 has caused disruptions in the sharing economy for both platforms and owners, who are typically micro- businesses. Lower demand and ample supply means that users have a great deal of choice. Finding ways for properties to differentiate themselves has been a pressing need. Against this background, this paper pursued two objectives: firstly to explore the perceived functional and emotional value of smart accommodation and the factors contributing to this by adopting the Theory of…</p></li>
|
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Modeling the Structure-Activity Relationship of Arbidol Derivatives and Other SARS-CoV-2 Fusion Inhibitors Targeting the S2 Segment of the Spike Protein</strong> - Umifenovir (Arbidol) has been reported to exhibit some degree of efficacy in multiple clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19 as a monotherapy. It has also demonstrated synergistic inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 with other direct-acting antivirals such as Remdesivir. A computational approach was used to identify the most favorable binding site to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike S2 segment and to perform virtual screening. Compounds selected from modeling were evaluated in a live SARS-CoV-2 infection assay….</p></li>
|
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Porcine deltacoronavirus infection is inhibited by Griffithsin in cell culture</strong> - Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging porcine enteric coronavirus that causes severe diarrhea in piglets and results in serious economic losses. There are no effective vaccines and antiviral drugs to prevent and treat PDCoV infection currently. Griffithsin (GRFT) is a lectin with potent antiviral activity against enveloped viruses because of its ability to specifically bind N-linked high-mannose oligosaccharides. GRFT has been reported to possess antiviral activity against severe acute…</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
|
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<ul>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>METHODS OF TREATING SARS-COV-2 INFECTION</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU344309338">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>REAL-TIME REST BREAK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR WORKPLACE</strong> - The present invention relates to a real-time rest break management system for workplace that comprises of a work desk, wherein first portion is incorporated with a biometric unit 4 for authenticating first user, and a second portion with a telescopic panel 2 associated with a weight sensor 6 and timer unit 7 calculating weight of head/hand manifesting user presence and their resting time period is mounted with an inflated cushion 5, an interactive primary display unit 1 attached over desk enables user to set first/second threshold time for sleeping/taking break, further linked with a tracking interface keeping track of activities and a vibrating unit crafted inside the cushion 5 which is linked to a secondary display unit 8 of second user, giving them access to actuate vibrating unit generating impulses to wake first user when threshold time period is exceeded by the first user. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN342791215">link</a></p></li>
|
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>P2P 네트워크를 이용한 내장된 화상회의 시스템</strong> - 본 발명은 P2P 네트워크를 이용한 내장된 화상회의 시스템에 관한 것으로, 상태표시부(1), 영상송출부(2), 제어부(3), 광고부(4), 입력부(5)를 포함한다. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=KR342781397">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A DOORBELL SYSTEM FOR MONITORING AND RECORDING A PHYSIOLOGICAL DATA OF A PERSON</strong> - AbstractTitle: A doorbell system for monitoring and recording a physiological data of a person The present invention provides a doorbell system 500 for monitoring and recording a physiological data of a person. The doorbell system 500 having a transmitter module 100 and a receiving module 200. The transmitter module 100 is having a TOF sensor module 110, an ultrasound detector 120, and an infrared detector 130. Further, a speech recognition system 150, a facial recognition system 160, and a temperature detector 190 are provided for recognizing speech, face, and temperature of the person by comparing pre-stored data. A controlling module 180 is set with a predefined commands for communicating with the transmitter module 100 and receiving module 200. The collected facial and speech data is compared and matched with the pre-stored data then the temperature detector 190 triggers and the door opens when the captured body temperature of the person is matched within the predefined range of temperature.Figure 1 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN340503637">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A study of contemporary trends in investing patterns, household savings, and economic investment.</strong> - Because household savings and household investments are intertwined and interdependent, they are discussed briefly in this paper. Household savings account for more than half of a country’s capital formation, which fluctuates due to a variety of economic factors such as inflation and interest rates. Households should gradually shift their savings and investments from physical assets to financial assets to avoid a sudden change in wealth. They should also save and invest using a variety of platforms. Trends in investing and saving will be easier to track and measure this way. This year’s domestic saving rate in India is 2.3 percent lower than last year’s and 1.2 percent lower than the year before. Since 2011, general domestic savings have been steadily declining, with the trend continuing into the following year. According to official data, the GDP in 2020 shrank by 23.9%, the least in previous years and the least since the Covid-19 pandemic in previous years. As a result, the information presented in this paper is drawn from and evaluated from other sources - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN340502149">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>靶向刺激体液免疫和细胞免疫的新冠病毒mRNA疫苗</strong> - 本发明公开了一种靶向刺激体液免疫和细胞免疫的新冠病毒mRNA疫苗。本申请的第一方面提供一种分离的DNA分子组合，该DNA分子组合包括第一DNA分子和第二DNA分子和第三DNA分子中的至少一种。通过第一DNA分子以及第二DNA分子和/或第三DNA分子的组合，利用第一DNA分子最终合成的mRNA诱导高滴度的交叉中和抗体，利用第二DNA分子和/或第三DNA分子最终合成的mRNA诱导新冠病毒特异性的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞，从而高效地同时激活相对独立的体液免疫应答和细胞免疫应答，应对新冠病毒在流行传播过程中产生的突变毒株所引发的突破性感染。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN343418093">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶2抑制剂在制备治疗和/或预防冠状病毒感染药物中的用途</strong> - 本发明公开了跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶2抑制剂在制备治疗和/或预防冠状病毒感染药物中的用途。本发明通过亲和垂钓及活性导向分离获得3种化合物，证实该类化合物可以直接地与跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶2结合，KD<13μM，且能够显著抑制跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶2的催化活性。在细胞水平上可以有效的抑制新型冠状病毒SARS‑CoV‑2假病毒入侵，表明该类化合物对于制备治疗和/或预防病毒感染药物具有非常积极的作用。化合物1 化合物2 化合物3。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN343418164">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>PROLIPOSOMAL DRY POWDER INHALER OF REMDESIVIR</strong> - The present invention is related to Proliposomal Dry Powder Inhaler of Remdesivir and its method thereof for the treatment of viral infections such Coronaviridae (including COVID-19 infection). - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN342291904">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Use of Diminazene Aceturate, Xanthenone, ACE 2 activators or analogs for the Treatment and therapeutic use of COVID-19 on human patients.</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU340325322">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>ACTIVE RIDER SAFETY SYSTEM FOR TWO WHEELERS</strong> - The present invention relates to an active rider safety system for two wheelers comprising, a protective case equipped by a user for riding, where the case is integrated with multiple piezoelectric sensor that determines fastening of the case by user, a processing unit linked to the sensor, where the unit detects absence of case upon fetching data from the sensor below a threshold value and thereby terminates operation of ignition by stopping a coupled motor operated via a radio frequency module, an alcohol detection sensor that detects presence of alcohol and send data to processing unit, a temperature sensor that measures temperature of the user, an accelerometer sensor that activates upon ignition us tuned on to determine presence of a crash and a navigation module that via communication module sends location of user to pre saved users and concerned authorities. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN340503361">link</a></p></li>
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