184 lines
42 KiB
HTML
184 lines
42 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html lang="" xml:lang="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head>
|
||
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
|
||
<meta content="pandoc" name="generator"/>
|
||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes" name="viewport"/>
|
||
<title>08 September, 2021</title>
|
||
<style type="text/css">
|
||
code{white-space: pre-wrap;}
|
||
span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;}
|
||
span.underline{text-decoration: underline;}
|
||
div.column{display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;}
|
||
</style>
|
||
<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>State anhedonia in young healthy adults: psychometric properties of the German Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS) and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
Healthy reward processing is a complex interplay of several components. Recent self-report measures of anhedonia, the decrease or loss of hedonic capacity, take this complexity into account. The Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS) measures interest, motivation, effort and consummatory pleasure across four domains: hobbies, food/drink, social activities and sensory experiences. In the present cross-sectional survey study, we validated the German version of the DARS in a sample of 557 young healthy adults. Factor structure as well as convergent and divergent validity were assessed. As a secondary aim, we examined the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on state anhedonia and depression severity. Our results suggest good convergent and divergent validity and high internal consistency of the German DARS. The original differentiation of four factors mapping onto the four domains was confirmed. We conclude that the DARS is a valid instrument to comprehensively assess state anhedonia in German samples. Future studies should further assess the utility of the German DARS in clinical contexts. In line with many previous reports, there were significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms during the pandemic. We found no indication that the COVID-19 pandemic affected state hedonic capacity.
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/rvtjm/" target="_blank">State anhedonia in young healthy adults: psychometric properties of the German Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS) and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Learning it the hard way – how enjoying life and positive appraisal buffer the negative effects of stressors on mental health in the COVID-19 pandemic</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
Background. Higher levels of stress and negative emotions such as anxiety and depression have been reported since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, but it remains less clear how positive emotions, such as hedonic capacity, may be affected. Further, during lockdowns, the ability to learn new pleasurable activities (hedonic learning) may be particularly relevant. Here, we investigated if state hedonia and/or hedonic learning mediated the relationship between COVID-19 stress and mental health. Moreover, we explored whether positive appraisal style (PAS), a major resilience factor, influenced these relationships. Methods. Using a cross-sectional design, 5000 German-speaking participants filled out online questionnaires targeting stressors, mental health, state hedonia, hedonic learning, and PAS between April 9 and May 15, 2020. After confirming the factor structure of our constructs, we applied latent structural equation modeling to test mediation as well as moderated mediation models. Results. Stress showed a positive association with mental health symptoms, which was buffered by both state hedonia and hedonic learning. While higher stress was related to lower state hedonia, participants reported more hedonic learning with greater stressor load. The latter effect was greater for individuals with high PAS. Limitations. The present results should be replicated in longitudinal designs with representative samples to confirm the directionality and generalizability of effects. Conclusions. Both state hedonia and hedonic learning buffered the effect of stress on mental health in an early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Learning new rewarding activities in combination with a PAS may be especially relevant for maintaining mental health during lockdowns.
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/c4zmx/" target="_blank">Learning it the hard way – how enjoying life and positive appraisal buffer the negative effects of stressors on mental health in the COVID-19 pandemic</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Potentially effective drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 in children: a systematic review</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
Introduction: The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using potential drugs: remdesivir and glucocorticoid in treating children and adolescents with COVID-19 and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in treating MIS-C. Methods: We searched seven databases, three preprint platform, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google from December 1, 2019, to August 5, 2021, to collect evidence of remdesivir, glucocorticoid, and IVIG which were used in children and adolescents with COVID-19 or MIS-C. Results: A total of six cohort studies and one case series study were included in this systematic review. In terms of remdesivir, the meta-analysis of single-arm cohort studies have shown that, after the treatment, 37.1% (95%CI, 0.0% to 74.5%) experienced adverse events, 5.9% (95%CI, 1.5% to 10.2%) died, 37.2% (95%CI, 0% to 76.0%) needed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or invasive mechanical ventilation. As for glucocorticoids, the results of the meta-analysis showed that the fixed-effect summary odds ratio for the association with mortality was 2.79 (95%CI, 0.13 to 60.87), and the mechanical ventilation rate was 3.12 (95%CI, 0.80 to 12.08) for glucocorticoids compared with the control group. In terms of IVIG, the two included cohort studies showed that for MIS-C patients with more severe clinical symptoms, IVIG combined with methylprednisolone could achieve better clinical efficacy than IVIG alone. Conclusions: Overall, the current evidence in the included studies is insignificant and of low quality. It is recommended to conduct high-quality randomized controlled trials of remdesivir, glucocorticoids, and IVIG in children and adolescents with COVID-19 or MIS-C to provide substantial evidence for the development of guidelines.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.07.20.21260827v2" target="_blank">Potentially effective drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 in children: a systematic review</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Microfluidic Affinity Profiling reveals a Broad Range of Target Affinities for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Plasma of Covid Survivors</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
The clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infections, which can range from asymptomatic to lethal, is crucially shaped by the concentration of antiviral antibodies and by their affinity to their targets. However, the affinity of polyclonal antibody responses in plasma is difficult to measure. Here we used Microfluidic Antibody Affinity Profiling (MAAP) to determine the aggregate affinities and concentrations of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in plasma samples of 42 seropositive individuals, 19 of which were healthy donors, 20 displayed mild symptoms, and 3 were critically ill. We found that dissociation constants, Kd, of anti-receptor binding domain antibodies spanned 2.5 orders of magnitude from sub- nanomolar to 43 nM. Using MAAP we found that antibodies of seropositive individuals induced the dissociation of pre- formed spike-ACE2 receptor complexes, which indicates that MAAP can be adapted as a complementary receptor competition assay. By comparison with cytopathic-effect based neutralisation assays, we show that MAAP can reliably predict the cellular neutralisation ability of sera, which may be an important consideration when selecting the most effective samples for therapeutic plasmapheresis and tracking the success of vaccinations.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.09.20.20196907v2" target="_blank">Microfluidic Affinity Profiling reveals a Broad Range of Target Affinities for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Plasma of Covid Survivors</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Entrectinib - a SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor in Human Lung Tissue (HLT) cells</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
Since the start of the COVID-19 outbreak, pharmaceutical companies and research groups have focused on the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we apply a drug repurposing strategy to identify potential drug candidates that are able to block the entrance of the virus into human cells. By combining virtual screening with in vitro pseudovirus assays and antiviral assays in Human Lung Tissue (HLT) cells, we identify entrectinib as a promising antiviral drug. We found that part of the antiviral action of entrectinib is mediated by a non-specific mechanism, likely occurring at the viral membrane level. Such a profile could provide entrectinib with protection against the development of drug resistance by emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.07.459123v1" target="_blank">Entrectinib - a SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor in Human Lung Tissue (HLT) cells</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Ineffective neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 Mu variant by convalescent and vaccine sera</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
On August 30, 2021, the WHO classified the SARS-CoV-2 Mu variant (B.1.621 lineage) as a new variant of interest. The WHO defines “comparative assessment of virus characteristics and public health risks” as primary action in response to the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants (https://www.who.int/en/activities/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants/). Here, we demonstrate that the Mu variant is highly resistant to sera from COVID-19 convalescent and BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals. Direct comparison of different SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins revealed that Mu spike is more resistant to serum- mediated neutralization than all other currently recognized variants of interest (VOI) and concern (VOC). This includes the Beta variant (B.1.351) that has been suggested to represent the most resistant variant to convalescent and vaccinated sera to date (e.g., Collier et al, Nature, 2021; Wang et al, Nature, 2021). Since breakthrough infection by newly emerging variants is a major concern during the current COVID-19 pandemic (Bergwerk et al., NEJM, 2021), we believe that our findings are of significant public health interest. Our results will help to better assess the risk posed by the Mu variant for vaccinated, previously infected and naive populations.
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.06.459005v1" target="_blank">Ineffective neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 Mu variant by convalescent and vaccine sera</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Increased neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant by nanobody (Nb22) and the structural basis</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
Delta variant, also known as B.1.617.2, has become a predominant circulating variant in many countries since it first emerged in India in December 2020. Delta variant is less sensitive to serum neutralization from COVID-19 convalescent individuals or vaccine recipients, relative to Alpha strains. It was also resistant to neutralization by some anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) and anti-N-terminal domain (NTD) antibodies in clinics. Previously, we reported the discovery of nanobodies isolated from an alpaca immunized with spike protein, exhibiting ultrahigh potency against SARS-CoV-2 and its mutated variants, where a novel inhalable bispecific Nb15 protected SARS-CoV-2 infection in hACE2 mice. Here, we found that Nb22-Fc, among our previously reported nanobodies, exhibited 8.4-fold increased neutralization potency against Delta variant with an IC50 value of 0.41 ng/ml (5.13 pM) relative to Alpha variant. Furthermore, our crystal structural analysis reveals that the binding of Nb22 on SARS-CoV-2 RBD effectively blocks the binding of RBD to ACE2 during virus infection. Furthermore, the L452R mutation in RBD of Delta variant forms an additional hydrogen bond with the hydroxy group of T30 of Nb22, leading to the increased neutralization potency of Nb22 against Delta variant. Thus, Nb22 is a potential therapeutic agent against SARS-CoV-2, especially the highly contagious Delta variant.
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.06.459055v1" target="_blank">Increased neutralization of SARS- CoV-2 Delta variant by nanobody (Nb22) and the structural basis</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 originated from SARS-CoV-1-related Bat-CoVs through Pan-CoVs rather than from SARS-CoV-2-related Bat- CoVs</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
The emergence of the novel SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 sparked a dispute concerning its origin. Here, we report that the SARS-CoV-2 originated through pangolin-coronavirus (Pan-CoVs) from the SARS-CoV-related-bat-coronaviruses (SARS- CoV-1-rB-CoVs) rather than from SARS-CoV-2-related-bat-coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2-rB-CoVs), in contrast to the previous thought. Further, our analyses strongly suggest that the Pan-CoVs evolved from the SARS-CoV-1-rB-CoVs without recombination. Further, our results suggest that the SARS-CoV-1-rB-CoVs’ perhaps jumped into the pangolin, which forced the viruses to mutate and adapt to the new host, and resulted in the origin of Pan-CoVs. Surprisingly, the Pan-CoVs formed an evolutionary intermediate between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2-rB-CoVs at the spike gene. Our findings also suggest that the Pan-CoV/GX and Pan-CoV/Guangdong lineages recombined to form the SARS-CoV-2 spike gene. We also found evidence that the SARS-CoV-2-rB-CoVs spike gene evolved via recombination between Pan-CoV/Guangdong and SARS-CoV-1-rB- CoVs. Overall, our findings suggest that the SARS-CoV-2 emerged from SARS-CoV-1-rB-CoVs through host jumping.
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.06.459210v1" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 originated from SARS- CoV-1-related Bat-CoVs through Pan-CoVs rather than from SARS-CoV-2-related Bat-CoVs</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li><strong>The vaccinia-based Sementis Copenhagen Vector COVID-19 vaccine induces broad and durable cellular and humoral immune responses</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic perpetuated by SARS-CoV-2 variants, has highlighted the continued need for broadly protective vaccines that elicit robust and durable protection. Here, the vaccinia virus-based, replication-defective Sementis Copenhagen Vector (SCV) was used to develop a first-generation COVID-19 vaccine encoding the spike glycoprotein (SCV-S). Vaccination of mice rapidly induced polyfunctional CD8 T cells with cytotoxic activity and robust Th1-biased, spike-specific neutralizing antibodies, which are significantly increased following a second vaccination, and contained neutralizing activity against the alpha and beta variants of concern. Longitudinal studies indicated neutralizing antibody activity was maintained up to 9 months post-vaccination in both young and aging mice, with durable immune memory evident even in the presence of pre-existing vector immunity. This immunogenicity profile suggests a potential to expand protection generated by current vaccines in a heterologous boost format, and presents a solid basis for second- generation SCV-based COVID-19 vaccine candidates incorporating additional SARS-CoV-2 immunogens.
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.06.459206v1" target="_blank">The vaccinia-based Sementis Copenhagen Vector COVID-19 vaccine induces broad and durable cellular and humoral immune responses</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Both Simulation and Sequencing Data Reveal Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Variants Coinfection in COVID-19 Pandemic</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA betacoronavirus with a high mutation rate. The rapidly emerged SARS-CoV-2 variants could increase the transmissibility, aggravate the severity, and even fade the vaccine protection. Although the coinfections of SARS-CoV-2 with other respiratory pathogens have been reported, whether multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants coinfection exists remains controversial. This study collected 12,986 and 4,113 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from the GISAID database on May 11, 2020 (GISAID20May11) and April 1, 2021 (GISAID21Apr1), respectively. With the single-nucleotide variants (SNV) and network clique analysis, we constructed the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) coexistence networks and noted the SNP number of the maximal clique as the coinfection index. The coinfection indices of GISAID20May11 and GISAID21Apr1 datasets were 16 and 34, respectively. Simulating the transmission routes and the mutation accumulations, we discovered the linear relationship between the coinfection index and the coinfected variant number. Based on the linear relationship, we deduced that the COVID-19 cases in the GISAID20May11 and GISAID21Apr1 datasets were coinfected with 2.20 and 3.42 SARS-CoV-2 variants on average. Additionally, we performed Nanopore sequencing on 42 COVID-19 patients to explore the virus mutational characteristics. We found the heterozygous SNPs in 41 COVID-19 cases, which support the coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 variants and challenge the accuracy of phylogenetic analysis. In conclusion, our findings reported the coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 variants in COVID-19 patients, demonstrated the increased coinfected variants number in the epidemic, and provided clues for the prolonged viral shedding and severe symptoms in some cases.
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.06.459196v1" target="_blank">Both Simulation and Sequencing Data Reveal Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Variants Coinfection in COVID-19 Pandemic</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Interplay between receptor binding, immune escape and protein stability determines the natural selection of SARS- CoV-2 variants</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
Emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants has raised concerns at the effectiveness of vaccines and antibody therapeutics developed against the unmutated wild-type virus. We examined the effect of 12 most commonly occurring mutations in the receptor binding domain on its expression, stability, activity, and antibody escape potential- some of the factors that may influence the natural selection of mutants. Recombinant proteins were expressed in human cells. Stability was measured using thermal denaturation melts. Activity and antibody escape potential were measured using isothermal titration calorimetry in terms of binding to ACE2 and to a neutralizing human antibody CC12.1, respectively. Our results show that variants differ in their expression levels with the two least stable variants showing lesser expression. Out of the 8 well-expressed mutants, only 2 (N501Y and K417T/E484K/N501Y) showed stronger affinity to ACE2, 4 (Y453F, S477N, T478I and S494P) have similar affinity, whereas the other 2 (K417N and E484K) have weaker affinity when compared to the wild-type. In terms of CC12.1 binding, when compared to the wild-type, 4 variants (K417N, Y453F, N501Y and K417T/E484K/N501Y) have weaker affinity, 2 (S477N and S494P) have similar affinity, and 2 (T478I and E484K) have stronger affinity. Taken together, these results indicate that multiple factors contribute towards the natural selection of variants, and all these factors need be considered to understand the evolution of the virus. In addition, since not all variants can escape a given neutralizing antibody, antibodies to treat new variants can be chosen based on the specific mutations in that variant.
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.23.445348v2" target="_blank">Interplay between receptor binding, immune escape and protein stability determines the natural selection of SARS-CoV-2 variants</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Durability analysis of the highly effective BNT162b2 vaccine against COVID-19</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections have been increasingly reported in fully vaccinated individuals. We conducted a test-negative case-control study to assess the durability of protection after full vaccination with BNT162b2, defined as 14 days after the second dose, against polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, in a national medical practice between February 1, 2021 and August 22, 2021. We fit conditional logistic regression (CLR) models stratified on residential county and calendar time of testing to assess the association between time elapsed since vaccination and the odds of symptomatic infection or non-COVID-19 hospitalization (negative control), adjusted for several covariates. The primary population included 652 individuals who had a positive symptomatic test after full vaccination with BNT162b2 (cases) and 5,946 individuals with at least one negative symptomatic test after full vaccination (controls). The adjusted odds of symptomatic infection were higher 120 days after full vaccination versus at the date of full vaccination (Odds Ratio [OR]: 3.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.33-7.74). Importantly, the odds of infection were still lower 150 days after the first BNT162b2 dose as compared to 4 days after the first dose (OR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.19-0.45), when immune protection approximates the unvaccinated status. Low rates of COVID-19 associated hospitalization or death in this cohort precluded analyses of these severe outcomes. The odds of experiencing a non-COVID-19 hospitalization decreased with time since vaccination, suggesting a possible underestimation of waning protection by this approach due to confounding factors. Taken together, these data constitute an early signal for waning protection against symptomatic illness while also providing reassurance that BNT162b2 continues to protect against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection several months after full vaccination. Continued surveillance of COVID-19 vaccine durability, particularly against severe disease, is critical to guide effective and equitable strategies to respond to the pandemic, including distribution of booster doses, development of new vaccines, and implementation of both pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical interventions.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.04.21263115v1" target="_blank">Durability analysis of the highly effective BNT162b2 vaccine against COVID-19</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Effectiveness of the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine six months after vaccination: findings from a large Israeli HMO</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
Israel is currently experiencing a new wave of CoVid-19 infection, six months after implementing a national vaccination campaign. We carried out three discrete analyses using data from a large Israeli HMO to determine whether IgG levels of those fully vaccinated drop over time, the relationship between IgG titer and subsequent PCR-confirmed infection, and compare PCR-confirmed infection rates by period of vaccination. We found that mean IgG antibody levels steadily decreased over the six-month period in the total tested population, and in all age groups. An inverse relationship was found between IgG titer and subsequent CoVid-19 infection (PCR-positive). Those participants vaccinated in the first two months of the campaign were more likely to become infected than those subsequently vaccinated. The 60+ vaccinated had lower initial IgG levels, and were at greater risk of infection. The findings support the decision to add a booster vaccine for those aged 60 and over.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.01.21262957v1" target="_blank">Effectiveness of the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine six months after vaccination: findings from a large Israeli HMO</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Immune responses in COVID-19 respiratory tract and blood reveal mechanisms of disease severity</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
|
||
Although the respiratory tract is the primary site of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the ensuing immunopathology, respiratory immune responses are understudied and urgently needed to understand mechanisms underlying COVID-19 disease pathogenesis. We collected paired longitudinal blood and respiratory tract samples (endotracheal aspirate, sputum or pleural fluid) from hospitalized COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 controls. Cellular, humoral and cytokine responses were analysed and correlated with clinical data. SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies were detected using ELISA and multiplex assay in both the respiratory tract and blood of COVID-19 patients, although a higher receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific IgM and IgG seroconversion level was found in respiratory specimens. SARS-CoV-2 neutralization activity in respiratory samples was detected only when high levels of RBD-specific antibodies were present. Strikingly, cytokine/chemokine levels and profiles greatly differed between respiratory samples and plasma, indicating that inflammation needs to be assessed in respiratory specimens for the accurate assessment of SARS-CoV-2 immunopathology. Diverse immune cell subsets were detected in respiratory samples, albeit dominated by neutrophils. Importantly, we also showed that dexamethasone and/or remdesivir treatment did not affect humoral responses in blood of COVID-19 patients. Overall, our study unveils stark differences in innate and adaptive immune responses between respiratory samples and blood and provides important insights into effect of drug therapy on immune responses in COVID-19 patients.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.01.21262715v1" target="_blank">Immune responses in COVID-19 respiratory tract and blood reveal mechanisms of disease severity</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Time for mentally healthy engineering students</strong> -
|
||
<div>
|
||
Mental health issues related to academic stress are experienced amongst undergraduates from different disciplines, with key factors being workload, study skills, resource access and socioeconomic conditions. The status of mental health and well-being of engineering students, globally, has become of increasing concern, but is relatively poorly researched. This paper presents the findings of a faculty initiative at a research-intensive institution in South Africa to determine engineering students’ experience of academic stress. Drawing on a holistic educational model, quantitative and qualitative survey results are presented. Key systemic factors are the volume, intensity and distribution of workload, as well as the experience of “information overload” during the Covid-19 pandemic. On the affective front, students provide detailed accounts of the negative emotional impact, which, in turn, contributes to loss of productivity and confidence. The cohort-comparison analysis reveals clear trends across years of study, as well as problem- versus emotion-focused coping strategies. This faculty case study on engineering student experience of academic-related stresses hopes to demonstrate the synergistic relationship between the systemic, affective and, ultimately, cognitive educational support domains for which engineering faculties are responsible. Suggestions are included for ways in which to facilitate improved mental health in our engineering students.
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
|
||
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://engrxiv.org/ugc5q/" target="_blank">Time for mentally healthy engineering students</a>
|
||
</div></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>High-dose Intravenous Vitamin C (HDIVC) as Adjuvant Therapy in Critical Patients With Positive COVID-19. A Pilot Randomized Controlled Dose-comparison Trial.</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: High doses of intravenous vitamin C; Drug: Dextrose 500 mL<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Hugo Galindo<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Developing and Testing a COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Intervention</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19 Vaccination<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Behavioral: Moving to COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Intervention<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: VA Office of Research and Development; VA Bedford Healthcare System<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study on Safety and Clinical Efficacy of AZVUDINE in Initial Stage COVID-19 Patients (SARS-CoV-2 Infected)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: AZVUDINE; Drug: AZVUDINE placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: HRH Holdngs Limited; GALZU INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH, TEACHING, APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Brazil; SANTA CASA DE MISERICORDIA DE CAMPOS HOSPITAL (SCMCH), Brazil; UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE (UENF), Brazil<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Enhancing COVID Rehabilitation With Technology</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: NexJ Connected Wellness; Other: Usual Care<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: University of Ottawa; Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate Change in Viral Load After OPN-019 in Adults With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: OPN-019<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Optinose US Inc.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of the Efficacy, Safety and Immunogenicity of Inactivated COVID 19 Vaccine(TURKOVAC) in Healthy Population of 18 and 64 Years of Age (Both Inclusive):a Randomized, Double-blind, Phase IIb Clinical Trial</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: Triple dose vaccination by inactivated Covid19 vaccine<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Health Institutes of Turkey; TC Erciyes University; Kocak Farma; Mene Research<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation in Long COVID-19 Patients With Persistent Breathlessness and Fatigue</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19 Respiratory Infection<br/><b>Intervention</b>: <br/>
|
||
Other: Cardiopulmonary exercise training<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Louis Bherer<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Clinical Trial on Sequential Immunization of Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine (CHO Cells) and Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine (Vero Cells) in Population Aged 18 Years and Above</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 Pneumonia; Coronavirus Infections<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine (CHO cell); Biological: COVID-19 vaccine (Vero cells)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: <br/>
|
||
National Vaccine and Serum Institute, China; China National Biotec Group Company Limited; Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Comparison of Detection of SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) Between Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens and Those Obtained by Salivary Sputum</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Diagnostic Test: Salivary test for COVID19<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Public Health Emergency: SOLIDARITY TRIAL Philippines</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Remdesivir; Drug: Hydroxychloroquine; Drug: Lopinavir / Ritonavir; Drug: Interferon beta-1a; Drug: Acalabrutinib<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: <br/>
|
||
University of the Philippines<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of the Safety and Immunogenicity of SII Vaccine Constructs Based on the SARS-CoV-2 Variant in Adults</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: SII B.1.351; Biological: SII Bivalent; Biological: SII B.1.617.2<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Novavax<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effect of Vojta Therapy on Covid-19 Respiratory Disease</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome<br/><b>Intervention</b>: <br/>
|
||
Other: Respiratory physiotherapy<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: NUMEN Foundation; Hospital de Emergencias Enfermera Isabel Zendal de Madrid<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Vaccine Boosters in Patients With CKD</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Chronic Kidney Diseases; COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Pfizer- BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine; Biological: MODERNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: <br/>
|
||
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center; University Health Network, Toronto; Unity Health Toronto; Scarborough General Hospital; Providence Healthcare<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>AT1001 for the Treatment of COVID-19 Related MIS-C</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Covid19; Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children<br/><b>Interventions</b>: <br/>
|
||
Drug: Larazotide Acetate; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Massachusetts General Hospital<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Randomized Controlled Trial to Investigate The Role of Adjuvant Inhalable Sodium Bicarbonate Solution 8.4% in Treatment of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 Pneumonia; Covid19; COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Sodium Bicarbonate Solution; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: <br/>
|
||
Mansoura University<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
|
||
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE TO ANALYSE THE CONDITION OF COVID-19 PATIENTS BASED ON THEIR SATURATION LEVELS</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU335054861">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A HERB BASED COMPOSITION ANTI VIRAL MEDICINE FOR TREATMENT OF SARS COV 2 AND A METHOD FOR TREATING A PERSON INFECTED BY THE SARS COV 2 VIRUS</strong> - A Herbal composition, viz., PONNU MARUNTHU essentially comprising of ALLUIUM CEPA extract. [concentrated to 30%] 75%, SAPINDUS MUKOROSSI - extract [Optimised] 10%, CITRUS X LIMON - extract in its natural form 05 TRACYSPERMUM AMMI (L) – extract 07%,ROSA HYBRIDA - extract 03%, PONNU MARUNTHU solution 50 ml, or as a capsulated PONNU MARUNTHU can be given to SARS cov2 positive Patients, three times a day that is ½ an hour before food; continued for 3 days to 5 days and further taking it for 2 days if need be there; It will completely cure a person. When the SARS cov2 test shows negative this medicine can be discontinued. This indigenous medicine and method for treating a person inflicted with SARS COV 2 viral infection is quite effective in achieving of much needed remedy for the patients and saving precious lives from the pangs of death and ensuring better health of people. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN334865051">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Anti-Sars-Cov-2 Neutralizing Antibodies</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333857732">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Expression Vector for Anti-Sars-Cov-2 Neutralizing Antibodies</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333857737">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>DEVELOPMENT OF CNN SCHEME FOR COVID-19 DISEASE DETECTION USING CHEST RADIOGRAPH</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333857177">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-COV-2 BINDING PROTEINS</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333402004">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19胸部CT图像识别方法、装置及电子设备</strong> - 本申请涉及一种COVID‑19胸部CT图像识别方法、装置及电子设备。所述方法获取COVID‑19的胸部CT图像，并针对胸部CT图像的特点，构建新冠肺炎CT识别网络，对该网络进行训练得到COVID‑19胸部CT图像识别模型，并利用该模型对待测CT图像进行分类。采用空洞卷积、深度卷积以及点卷积算子，减少冗余参数；采用并行结构连接方式，实现多尺度特征融合、降低模型复杂度；采用下采样方式，使用最大模糊池化以减少锯齿效应，保持信号的平移不变性；采用通道混洗操作，减少参数量与计算量，提高分类准确率，引入坐标注意力机制，使空间坐标信息与通道信息被关注，抑制不重要的信息，以解决资源匹配问题。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN335069870">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A PROCESS FOR PREPARING MONTELUKAST SODIUM FOR TREATING COVID 19 PATIENTS</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333857132">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>IDENTIFICATION OF ANTI-COVID 19 AGENT SOMNIFERINE AS INHIBITOR OF MPRO & ACE2-RBD INTERACTION</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333857079">link</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种脂质化合物及包含其的脂质载体、核酸脂质纳米粒组合物和药物制剂</strong> - 本发明属于基因治疗技术领域，具体涉及一系列脂质化合物及包含其的脂质载体、核酸脂质纳米粒组合物和药物制剂。本发明提供的具有式（I）结构的化合物，可与其它脂质化合物共同制备脂质载体，展现出pH响应性，对核酸药物的包封效率高，大大提升了核酸药物在体内的递送效率；而且，可根据核酸药物需要富集的器官而选用特定结构的脂质化合物作为脂质载体，具有良好的市场应用前景。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN334878390">link</a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script>AOS.init();</script></body></html> |