Covid-19 Sentry

Contents

• From Preprints
• From Clinical Trials
• From PubMed
• From Patent Search

From Preprints

• Inequality in employment trajectories and their socio-economic consequences during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany -
  This paper evaluates the inequalities in employment trajectories during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Germany. We assess individual-level panel data collected weekly between 20 March and 25 June (N=2,297), which allows us to examine the risks of short-time work, furlough, and job loss, as well as changes between working on-site and from home. Using sequence analysis, we detect typical patterns of employment trajectories and analyse how these vary between socio-demographic groups. Finally, we relate the types of employment trajectories to changes in income, subjective job security (compared to values in January and February 2020), and COVID-19 infection risks. Our results show clear gradients in employment risks: low-wage workers were severely affected by furlough and job loss, while highly qualified employees were able to work from home. Furthermore, in contrast to previous crises, service sector and female employees were more affected by short-time work; however, its timing and duration differs compared to male workers in manufacturing. Income loss was pronounced among those who became unemployed and those continuously in short-term work, while everybody—including employees continuously working from home—experienced a significant reduction in subjective job security compared to employees whose employment hours or location have not changed. The infection risk was only increased for individuals who changed from furlough to working on-site.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Inequality in employment trajectories and their socio-economic consequences during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany
• ACE2 polymorphisms interplay with the apelinergic peptide system: potential tools for COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment -
  Aiming to decrease the unexplained COVID-19 mortality in some young and otherwise healthy patients, including health care professionals, we suggest that ACE2 polymorphisms might be reflected through under/overexpression of ACE2 transcribed or regulated proteins including the activity of metaloproteinsase-2 and apelin-13 and 36 cleavage, leading to unexpected immune responses and complications. We might detect the higher vulnerable groups if a genetic test to detect potential associated variant ACE2 alleles, or a serological test to detect the suggested associated proteins, could be developed and linked to those cases of unexpected complications and/or mortality. Furthermore, basing on the same hypothesis, we suggest testing infusion of apelin-13 to treat critical cases of COVID-19, especially those complaining of advanced heart failure.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: ACE2 polymorphisms interplay with the apelinergic peptide system: potential tools for COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment
• SARS CoV-2 Replication Attributed to Guanylate kinase 1: A Concise SWOT Analysis -
  A recent interesting study has suggested that guanylate kinase 1 (GK1) plays a crucial role in SARS CoV-2 replication and recommended to test GK 1 inhibitors for invitro experiments. We are providing a concise strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis while discussing guanylate kinase physiological function, pharmacological importance. Importantly, we argue that though this hypothesis might prove valid, GK 1 inhibitors are very unlikely, at least for the short term, to be beneficial in clinical management of COVID-19. However, we recommend conducting focused genetic studies to test their suggested hypothesis as it might add to our knowledge of some COVID-19 encountered idiosyncratic morbidity and mortality outcomes.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: SARS CoV-2 Replication Attributed to Guanylate kinase 1: A Concise SWOT Analysis
• Tocilizumab, Remdesivir, Favipiravir and Dexamethasone Repurposed for COVID-19: The Risk Benefit Ratio at a Glance. -
  In this manuscript, we discuss the expectations versus the real word results of four repurposed COVID-19 drugs; tocilizumab, remdesivir, favipiravir and dexamethasone from a pharmacovigilant point of view. We recommend considering a personalized risk benefit ratio before a decision is made using any of these drugs. We suggest that though the results of phase III clinical trials have been less than expected; tocilizumab might have a potential to treat some critical cases of COVID-19. On the contrary, remdesivir, though its FDA approval, together with favipiravir are least likely to benefit COVID-19 patients. Finally, we recommend that the RECOVERY dexamethasone should only be further investigated and to be considered only for critical cases of hospitalized COVID-19 patients and we urge physicians in the developing countries to avoid and stop using it in mild-moderate COVID-19 cases.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Tocilizumab, Remdesivir, Favipiravir and Dexamethasone Repurposed for COVID-19: The Risk Benefit Ratio at a Glance.
• Information about herd immunity through vaccination and empathy promote COVID-19 vaccination intentions -
  Objective: An effective vaccine against COVID-19 is a desired solution to curb the spread of the disease. However, vaccine hesitancy might hinder high uptake rates and thus undermine efforts to eliminate COVID-19 once an effective vaccine became available. The present contribution addresses this issue by examining two ways of increasing the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19. Methods: Two pre-registered online studies were conducted (N = 2,315 participants from the UK) in which knowledge about and beliefs in herd immunity through vaccination, as well as empathy for those most vulnerable to the virus, were either measured (Study 1) or manipulated (Study 2). As a dependent variable, individuals’ self-reported vaccination intention once a vaccine against COVID-19 became available was assessed. Results: In Study 1 (N = 310), the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 was correlated with knowledge about and belief in herd immunity (r = .58, p < .001), as well as with empathy for those most vulnerable to the virus (r = .26, p < .001). In Study 2 (N = 2,005), information about herd immunity (Cohen’s d = 0.13, p = .003) and empathy (Cohen’s d = 0.22, p < .001) independently promoted vaccination intention. Conclusions: The motivation to get vaccinated against COVID-19 was related to and could be causally promoted by both mere information about herd immunity and by empathy. As such, the present research provides a better understanding of the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Information about herd immunity through vaccination and empathy promote COVID-19 vaccination intentions
• Role of Immunity and Inflammation Mediators in Early COVID-19 Management: Genetic Results Interpretations Versus Real-life Practice. -
  Pairo-Castineira et al. have recently demonstrated that altered expression of certain genes related to the immune and inflammatory systems reduced the odds of severe COVID-19 and protected against it; we agree with their results from a clinical perspective. However, they have suggested some drugs, including barictinib, to be of priority to be tested basing on their results. We present a concise analysis of these results according to our real-life and academic experience that disagree with some of their recommendations from a clinical and pharmacovigilant point of view. Further, we confirm that the important results released Pairo-Castineira et al. confirm the validity to our recommended real-life used protocol using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, nitazoxanide and azithromycin to manage COVID-19 patients.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Role of Immunity and Inflammation Mediators in Early COVID-19 Management: Genetic Results Interpretations Versus Real-life Practice.
• Psychological Science in the Wake of COVID-19: Social, Methodological, and Meta-Scientific Considerations -
  The COVID-19 pandemic has extensively changed the state of psychological science, from what research questions psychologists can ask to which methodologies psychologists can employ to investigate them. In this article, we offer a perspective on how to optimize new research in the pandemic’s wake. As this pandemic is inherently a social phenomenon—an event that hinges upon human-to-human contact—we focus on socially relevant subfields of psychology. We highlight specific psychological phenomena that have likely shifted due to the pandemic and discuss theoretical, methodological, and practical considerations of conducting research on these phenomena. Following this discussion, we evaluate meta-scientific issues that have been amplified by the pandemic. We aim to demonstrate how theoretically grounded views on the COVID-19 pandemic can help make psychological science stronger—not weaker—in its wake.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Psychological Science in the Wake of COVID-19: Social, Methodological, and Meta-Scientific Considerations
• Rural Safety Net Use During the Covid-19 Pandemic -
  Despite unparalleled government relief spending, many households have fallen into financial distress during the Covid-19 pandemic. At the same time, reports of non-governmental forms of disaster aid - both from organizations and among individuals - are widespread. Given that formal government programs have not fully met the material needs of many households across the United States during the pandemic, we build on disaster scholarship to compare utilization of three distinct forms of disaster support to better understand how households are getting by: (1) government safety net programs, (2) not-for-profit support, and (3) informal social support. We focus our study on a large, yet especially vulnerable and under-researched population: rural residents across the Western U.S. Drawing on results from a representative survey fielded during the summer of 2020, we find that informal social support was the most widely used safety net, with over half of all residents giving or receiving some form of informal support. However, differences in age, education, sex, race, ethnicity, and homeownership status variously predicted different types of safety net use, demonstrating the unevenness of pandemic impacts and access to relief resources across demographic groups. Finally, rural residents who experienced the worst pandemic impacts were the most likely to utilize any of the three forms of safety nets examined. Despite identified limitations to government relief, both formal government programs and informal social support systems were utilized by those most affected by the pandemic.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Rural Safety Net Use During the Covid-19 Pandemic
• A time travel amidst a recession -
  Since I was born in 1998, three major international economic crises had hit: the Asian financial crisis in 1997-1999, the Dotcom bubble in the early 2000s, and the 2007- 2008 financial crisis. And now, the world is undergoing another economic downturn due to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: A time travel amidst a recession
• Diclofenac potassium/Nitazoxanide/Azithromycin Used in Adults, Children and Pregnant Patients: A Novel Potential Game Changer COVID-19 Protocol. -
  Background: The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 has necessitated trial of several drugs searching for a potential cure. We developed a novel protocol basing on our early pioneering article that recommended and justified adoption of nitazoxanide/azithromycin for early cases of COVID-19 which was followed by two published articles to justify addition of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to nitazoxanide/azithromycin. Notably, nitazoxanide/azithromycin is currently being proven clinically beneficial by other researchers and several clinical trials are currently registered to test the potential benefit of NSAIDs in COVID-19 patients and some countries have already included them in their official COVID-19 management protocols. Patients and methods: The author is presenting his telemedicine experience through a prospective case series involving consented twenty-seven confirmed and highly suspected COVID-19 Egyptian patients including 13 adult males, 8 adult females, 2 pregnant patients as well as 4 children. All patients have received a 5-day-regimen of NSAIDs (diclofenac potassium, ibuprofen or ketoprofen)/nitazoxanide/azithromycin +/- cefoperazone either in full or in part as illustrated in the manuscript. The primary endpoint of this protocol was full relief of all serious COVID-19 symptoms and signs like fever, progressive cough, moderate/severe dyspnea or disturbed level of consciousness. Results: The primary endpoint was fully achieved in all patients within two weeks. Most of the patients treated early with the protocol have fully recovered during its described five days; the leucocytic/lymphocytic count was significantly improved for those with prior leucopenia/lymphopenia. No significant adverse effects were reported. Conclusion: A novel short course COVID-19 protocol using inexpensive FDA approved drugs is illustrated and it might be considered when adopted.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Diclofenac potassium/Nitazoxanide/Azithromycin Used in Adults, Children and Pregnant Patients: A Novel Potential Game Changer COVID-19 Protocol.
• Health Protocol Sanctions in Sorong Mayor Regulation Number 17 of 2020 -
  This study aims to analyze the legal sanctions for public health protocols in Article 7 of Sorong Mayor's Regulation Number 17 of 2020. The type of research used in this study is a type of juridical normative research which is analyzed qualitatively with a statutory approach. The results of this study indicate that the sanctions in the form of monetary fines as stipulated in Article 7 paragraph (2) letter a do not have a firm legal basis, and tend to have the potential to disrupt economic activities to improve people's welfare, especially in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Health Protocol Sanctions in Sorong Mayor Regulation Number 17 of 2020
• A comparative survey of Betacoronavirus binding dynamics relevant to the functional evolution of the highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variant N501Y -
  Comparative functional analysis of the binding interactions between various Betacoronavirus mutant strains and their potential multiple human target proteins is crucial for a more complete understanding of zoonotic spillovers of viruses that cause diseases like COVID-19. Here, employing hundreds of replicate sets of nanosecond scale GPU accelerated molecular dynamics simulations, we statistically compare atom motions of ACE2 and CD26 target proteins in both the presence and absence of different strains of the viral receptor binding domain (RBD) of the S spike glycoprotein. In all strains, we demonstrate a universally conserved functional binding signature of the viral RBD with the N-terminal helices of ACE2. We also identify a second more dynamically transient interaction of the viral N501 with the previously confirmed ACE2 K353 and two nearby novel sites, Q325 and the AAQPFLL 386-92 motif. We propose a model of the functional evolution of SARS-type zoonotic spillovers involving both (A) a conserved binding interaction with the N-terminal helices of ACE2 that is preadapted from viral interaction of the Tylonycteris bat coronavirus progenitor strain HKU4 with the SAMLI 291-5 motif in protein CD26 and (B) a more promiscuous and likely more evolvable interaction between viral N501 and the above-mentioned multiple regions of ACE2 that is preadapted from the bat viral interaction at the CD26 SS 333-4 motif. Our recent analysis of the highly transmissible N501Y lineage B.1.1.7 mutation in SARS-CoV-2 also supports this model, identifying a less promiscuous Y501 interaction with ACE2 that favors more stable functional binding with the K353 site alone.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: A comparative survey of Betacoronavirus binding dynamics relevant to the functional evolution of the highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variant N501Y
• pyrpipe: a python package for RNA-Seq workflows -
  The availability of terabytes of RNA-Seq data and continuous emergence of new analysis tools, enable unprecedented biological insight. However, implementing RNA-Seq analysis pipelines in a reproducible, flexible manner is challenging as data gets bigger and more complex. Thus, there is a pressing requirement for frameworks that allows for fast, efficient, easy-to-manage, and reproducible analysis. Simple scripting has many challenges and drawbacks. We have developed a python package, python RNA-Seq Pipeliner (pyrpipe) that enables straightforward development of flexible, reproducible and easy-to-debug computational pipelines purely in python, in an object-oriented manner. pyrpipe provides access to popular RNA-Seq tools, within python, via easy-to-use high level APIs. Pipelines can be customized by integrating new python code, third-party programs, or python libraries. Users can create checkpoints in the pipeline or integrate (pyrpipe) into a workflow management system, thus allowing execution on multiple computing environments. pyrpipe produces detailed analysis, and benchmark reports which can be shared or included in publications. pyrpipe is implemented in python and is compatible with python versions 3.6 and higher. To illustrate the rich functionality of pyrpipe, we provide case studies using RNA-Seq data from GTEx, SARS-CoV-2-infected human cells, and Zea mays. All source code is freely available at https://github.com/urmi-21/pyrpipe; the package can be installed from the source or from PyPI (https://pypi.org/project/pyrpipe). Documentation is available at (http://pyrpipe.rtfd.io).
  🖺 Full Text HTML: pyrpipe: a python package for RNA-Seq workflows
• Large scale genomic and evolutionary study reveals SARS-CoV-2 virus isolates from Bangladesh strongly correlate with European origin and not with China. -
  Rationale: The global public health is in serious crisis due to emergence of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Studies are ongoing to reveal the genomic variants of the virus circulating in various parts of the world. However, data generated from low- and middle-income countries are scarce due to resource limitation. This study was focused to perform whole genome sequencing of 151 SARS-CoV-2 isolates from COVID-19 positive Bangladeshi patients. The goal of this study was to identify the genomic variants among the SARS-CoV-2 virus isolates in Bangladesh, to determine the molecular epidemiology and to develop a relationship between host clinical trait with the virus genomic variants. Method: Suspected patients were tested for COVID-19 using one step commercial qPCR kit for SARS-CoV-2 Virus. Viral RNA was extracted from positive patients, converted to cDNA which was amplified using Ion AmpliSeq SARS-CoV-2 Research Panel. Massive parallel sequencing was carried out using Ion AmpliSeq Library Kit Plus. Assembly of raw data is done by aligning the reads to a pre-defined reference genome (NC_045512.2) while retaining the unique variations of the input raw data by creating a consensus genome. A random forest-based association analysis was carried out to correlate the viral genomic variants with the clinical traits present in the host. Result: Among the 151 viral isolates, we observed the 413 unique variants. Among these 8 variants occurred in more than 80 % of cases which include 241C to T, 1163A to T, 3037C to T,14408C to T, 23403A to G, 28881G to A, 28882 G to A, and finally the 28883G to C. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a predominance of variants belonging to GR clade, which have a strong geographical presence in Europe, indicating possible introduction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus into Bangladesh through a European channel. However, other possibilities like a route of entry from China cannot be ruled out as viral isolate belonging to L clade with a close relationship to Wuhan reference genome was also detected. We observed a total of 37 genomic variants to be strongly associated with clinical symptoms such as fever, sore throat, overall symptomatic status, etc. (Fishers Exact Test p-value<0.05). The most mention-worthy among those were the 3916CtoT (associated with causing sore throat, p-value 0.0005), the 14408C to T (associated with protection from developing cough, p-value= 0.027), and the 28881G to A, 28882G to A, and 28883G to C variant (associated with causing chest pain, p-value 0.025). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this study is the first large scale phylogenomic studies of SARS-CoV-2 virus circulating in Bangladesh. The observed epidemiological and genomic features may inform future research platform for disease management, vaccine development and epidemiological study.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Large scale genomic and evolutionary study reveals SARS-CoV-2 virus isolates from Bangladesh strongly correlate with European origin and not with China.
• The Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter of Pulmonary Type 2 Cells Determines Severity of ARDS -
  Acute lung immunity to inhaled pathogens elicits defensive pneumonitis that may convert to the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), causing high mortality. Mechanisms underlying the conversion are not understood, but are of intense interest because of the ARDS-induced mortality in the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. Here, by optical imaging of live lungs we show that key to the lethality is the functional status of mitochondrial Ca2+ buffering across the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) in the alveolar type 2 cells (AT2), which protect alveolar stability. In mice subjected to ARDS by airway exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, there was marked loss of MCU expression in AT2. The ability of mice to survive ARDS depended on the extent to which the MCU expression recovered, indicating that the viability of Ca2+ buffering by AT2 mitochondria critically determines ARDS severity. Mitochondrial transfer to enhance AT2 MCU expression might protect against ARDS.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: The Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter of Pulmonary Type 2 Cells Determines Severity of ARDS

From Clinical Trials

• Dexamethasone for COVID-19 - Condition:   Covid19
  Intervention:   Drug: Dexamethasone
  Sponsor:   University of Oklahoma
  Not yet recruiting

• The (HD)IVACOV Trial (The High-Dose IVermectin Against COVID-19 Trial) - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Drug: Ivermectin 0.6mg/kg/day;   Drug: Ivermectin 1.0mg/kg/day;   Drug: Placebo;   Drug: Hydroxychloroquine
  Sponsor:   Corpometria Institute
  Not yet recruiting

• A Study of ORTD-1 in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Related Pneumonia - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Drug: ORTD-1 low dose;   Drug: ORTD-1 mid dose;   Drug: ORTD-1 high dose;   Other: Vehicle control
  Sponsor:   Oryn Therapeutics, LLC
  Recruiting

• Rapid Diagnosis of COVID-19 by Chemical Analysis of Exhaled Air - Condition:   Covid19
  Intervention:   Diagnostic Test: Performance evaluation (sensitivity and specificity) for COVID-19 diagnosis of the Vocus PTR-TOF process
  Sponsor:   Hospices Civils de Lyon
  Not yet recruiting

• IMUNOR® Preparation in the Prevention of COVID-19 - Condition:   Covid19
  Intervention:   Drug: IMUNOR
  Sponsor:   University Hospital Ostrava
  Not yet recruiting

• A Study to Evaluate MVC-COV1901 Vaccine Against COVID-19 in Adult - Condition:   Covid19 Vaccine
  Interventions:   Biological: MVC-COV1901(S protein with adjuvant);   Biological: MVC-COV1901(Saline)
  Sponsor:   Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corp.
  Recruiting

• Clinical Experimentation With Tenofovir Disoproxyl Fumarate and Emtricitabine for COVID-19 - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Drug: Vitamin C 500 MG Oral Tablet;   Drug: Tenofovir disoproxyl fumarate 300 MG Oral Tablet;   Drug: Tenofovir disoproxyl fumarate 300 MG plus emtricitabine 200 MG Oral Tablet
  Sponsors:   Universidade Federal do Ceara;   Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico;   São José Hospital for Infectious Diseases - HSJ;   Central Laboratory of Public Health of Ceará - Lacen-CE
  Recruiting

• The Safety and Efficacy of Pyronaridine-artesunate (Pyramax® or Artecom®)in COVID-19 Patients - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Drug: Artecom® (pyronaridine-artesunate);   Drug: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Shin Poong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.
  Not yet recruiting

• Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of BGE-175 in Participants ≥ 60 Years of Age and Hospitalized With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) That Are Not in Respiratory Failure - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Drug: BGE-175;   Other: Placebo
  Sponsor:   BioAge Labs, Inc.
  Not yet recruiting

• Antiseptic Mouth Rinses to Reduce Salivary Viral Load in COVID-19 Patients - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Drug: Betadine© bucal 100 mg/ml;   Drug: Oximen® 3%;   Drug: Clorhexidine Dental PHB©;   Drug: Vitis Xtra Forte©;   Drug: Distilled Water
  Sponsors:   Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana;   Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz;   Hospital Universitario General de Villalba;   Hospital Universitario Infanta Elena;   Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca;   Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia;   Dentaid SL
  Completed

• The Effect of Deep Breathing Exercise on Dyspnea, Anxiety and Quality of Life in Patients Treated for COVID-19 - Condition:   COVID-19
  Intervention:   Behavioral: Deep Breathing Exercise with Triflo
  Sponsor:   Ankara University
  Not yet recruiting

• RU Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) mAbs in Healthy Volunteers - Condition:   Covid19
  Intervention:   Biological: C144-LS and C-135-LS
  Sponsor:   Rockefeller University
  Recruiting

• Pilot Study of Cefditoren Pivoxil in COVID-19 Patients With Mild to Moderate Pneumonia - Condition:   COVID-19 Pneumonia
  Intervention:   Drug: Cefditoren pivoxil 400mg
  Sponsor:   Meiji Pharma Spain S.A.
  Recruiting

• Study of COVID-19 Outbreak in Hospital Departments of Bamako, Mali - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Diagnostic Test: SARS-CoV-2 screening by molecular biology;   Diagnostic Test: Serological screening
  Sponsor:   Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, France
  Not yet recruiting

• Glutathione, Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Function in COVID-19 - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Dietary Supplement: Glycine;   Dietary Supplement: N-acetylcysteine;   Dietary Supplement: Alanine
  Sponsor:   Baylor College of Medicine
  Recruiting

From PubMed

• Purinergic Signaling of ATP in COVID-19 Associated Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Declared as a global public health emergency, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is presented as a disease of the respiratory tract, although severe cases can affect the entire organism. Several studies have shown neurological symptoms, ranging from dizziness and loss of consciousness to cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, Guillain-Barré syndrome, an immune-mediated inflammatory neuropathy, has been closely associated with critical cases of infection with "severe...

• Mass spectrometry reveals potential of beta-lactams as SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) inhibitors - The main viral protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 is a nucleophilic cysteine hydrolase and a current target for anti-viral chemotherapy. We describe a high-throughput solid phase extraction coupled to mass spectrometry Mpro assay. The results reveal some β-lactams, including penicillin esters, are active site reacting Mpro inhibitors, thus highlighting the potential of acylating agents for Mpro inhibition.

• Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of inhaled magnesium sulphate in combination with standard treatment in patients with moderate or severe COVID-19: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial - OBJECTIVES: Basic and clinical studies have shown that magnesium sulphate ameliorates lung injury and controls asthma attacks by anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory effects. Both intravenous and inhaled magnesium sulphate have a clinical impact on acute severe asthma by inhibition of airway smooth muscle contraction. Besides, magnesium sulphate can dilate constricted pulmonary arteries and reduce pulmonary artery resistance. However, it may affect systemic arteries when administered...

• What coronavirus 3C-like protease tells us: From structure, substrate selectivity, to inhibitor design - The emergence of a variety of coronaviruses (CoVs) in the last decades has posed huge threats to human health. Especially, the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to more than 70 million infections and over 1.6 million of deaths worldwide in the past few months. None of the efficacious antiviral agents against human CoVs have been approved yet. 3C-like protease (3CL^(pro) ) is an attractive target...

• Cytokine Profiles Before and After Immune Modulation in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 - We describe the cytokine profiles of a large cohort of hospitalized patients with moderate to critical COVID-19, focusing on IL-6, sIL2R, and IL-10 levels before and after receiving immune modulating therapies, namely, tocilizumab and glucocorticoids. We also discuss the possible roles of sIL2R and IL-10 as markers of ongoing immune dysregulation after IL-6 inhibition. We performed a retrospective chart review of adult patients admitted to a tertiary care center with moderate to critical...

• Natural agents modulating ACE-2: A review of compounds with potential against SARS-CoV-2 infections - One of the biggest challenges of public health worldwide is reducing the number of events and deaths related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a carboxypeptidase that degrades angiotensin II into angiotensin 1-7, has been identified as a potent receptor for SARSCoV-2. In the last decades, ACE inhibition has assumed a central role in reducing cardiovascular and renal events. However, with the advent of COVID-19,...

• An in silico analysis of Ibuprofen enantiomers in high concentrations of sodium chloride with SARS-CoV-2 main protease - 2020 will be remembered worldwide for the outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which quickly spread until it was declared as a global pandemic. The main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2, a key enzyme in coronavirus, represents an attractive pharmacological target for inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication. Here, we evaluated whether the anti-inflammatory drug Ibuprofen, may act as a potential SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor, using an in silico study. From molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we also...

• Molecular docking and simulation studies of natural compounds of Vitex negundo L. against papain-like protease (PL(pro)) of SARS CoV-2 (coronavirus) to conquer the pandemic situation in the world - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) is β-coronavirus that is responsible for the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) all over the world. The rapid spread of the novel SARS CoV-2 worldwide is raising a significant global public health issue with nearly 61.86 million people infected and 1.4 million deaths. To date, no specific drugs are available for the treatment of COVID-19. The inhibition of proteases essential for the proteolytic treatment of viral...

• Withanolides from Withania somnifera as an immunity booster and their therapeutic options against COVID-19 - Traditionally, Withania somnifera is widely used as an immune booster, anti-viral, and for multiple medicinal purposes. The present study investigated the withanolides as an immune booster and anti-viral agents against the coronavirus-19. Withanolides from Withania somnifera were retrieved from the open-source database, their targets were predicted using DIGEP-Pred, and the protein-protein interaction was evaluated. The drug-likeness score and intestinal absorptivity of each compound were also...

• Potential health benefits of zinc supplementation for the management of COVID-19 pandemic - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The COVID-19 pandemic has created unimaginable and unprecedented global health crisis. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, millions of dollars have been spent, hospitalization overstretched with increasing morbidity and mortality. All these have resulted in unprecedented global economic catastrophe. Several drugs and vaccines are currently being evaluated, tested,...

• Compounds of Citrus medica and Zingiber officinale for COVID-19 inhibition: in silico evidence for cues from Ayurveda - CONCLUSION: In silico studies suggest that the phytochemical compounds in C. medica and Z. officinale may have good potential in reducing viral load and shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in the nasal passages. Further studies are recommended to test its efficacy in humans for mitigating the transmission of COVID-19.

• Factual insights of the allosteric inhibition mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 main protease by quercetin: an in silico analysis - SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M^(pro)) cleaves the viral polypeptide 1a and 1ab in a site-specific ((L-Q|(S, A, G)) manner and produce functional enzymes for mediating viral replication. Numerous studies have reported synthetic competitive inhibitors against this target enzyme but increase in substrate concentration often reduces the effectiveness of such inhibitors. Allosteric inhibition by natural compound can provide safe and effective treatment by alleviating this limitation. Present study deals...

• In silico docking analysis revealed the potential of phytochemicals present in Phyllanthus amarus and Andrographis paniculata, used in Ayurveda medicine in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 - The Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in outbreak of global pandemic, fatal pneumonia in human referred as Coronavirus Disease-2019 (Covid-19). Ayurveda, the age old practice of treating human ailments in India, can be considered against SARS-CoV-2. Attempt was made to provide preliminary evidences for interaction of 35 phytochemicals from two plants (Phyllanthus amarus and Andrographis paniculata used in Ayurveda) with SARS-CoV-2 proteins (open & closed...

• A large-scale transcriptional study reveals inhibition of COVID-19 related cytokine storm by traditional chinese medicines - Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has become a major global epidemic. Facilitated by HTS² technology, we evaluated the effects of 578 herbs and all 338 reported anti-COVID-19 TCM formulae on cytokine storm-related signaling pathways, and identified the key targets of the relevant pathways and potential active ingredients in these herbs. This large-scale transcriptional study innovatively combines HTS² technology with bioinformatics methods and computer-aided drug design. For the first time, it...

• Protease inhibitor GC376 for COVID-19: Lessons learned from feline infectious peritonitis - The main protease (M^(pro)) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an important therapeutic target as it plays a major role in the processing and maturation of the viral polyprotein. GC376 is a pre-clinical dipeptide-based protease inhibitor that has been previously used for managing feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV). Since both GC373 and GC376 have already been successfully used in treating animal coronavirus infection, they can be considered as strong drug...

From Patent Search

• COVID-19 CLASSIFICATION RECOGNITION METHOD BASED ON CT IMAGES OF LUNGS - - link

• A traditional Chinese medicine composition for COVID-19 and/or influenza and preparation method thereof - - link

• Covid 19 - Chewing Gum - - link

• STOCHASTIC MODEL METHOD TO DETERMINE THE PROBABILITY OF TRANSMISSION OF NOVEL COVID-19 - The present invention is directed to a stochastic model method to assess the risk of spreading the disease and determine the probability of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). - link

• Fahrzeuglüftungssystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Fahrzeuglüftungssystems -

  Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fahrzeuglüftungssystem (1) zum Belüften einer Fahrgastzelle (2) eines Fahrzeugs (3), mit einem Umluftpfad (5). Die Erfindung ist gekennzeichnet durch eine wenigstens abschnittsweise in einen Umluftansaugbereich (4) des Umluftpads (5) hineinreichende Sterilisationseinrichtung (6), wobei die Sterilisationseinrichtung (6) dazu eingerichtet ist von einem aus der Fahrgastzelle (2) entnommenen Luftstrom getragene Schadstoffe zu inaktivieren und/oder abzutöten.

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• The use of human serum albumin (HSA) and Cannabigerol (CBG) as active ingredients in a composition for use in the treatment of Coronavirus (Covid-19) and its symptoms - - link

• The use of human serum albumin (HSA) and Cannabigerol (CBG) as active ingredients in a composition for use in the treatment of Coronavirus (Covid-19) and its symptoms - - link

• "AYURVEDIC PROPRIETARY MEDICINE FOR TREATMENT OF SEVERWE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS 2 (SARS-COV-2." - AbstractAyurvedic Proprietary Medicine for treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)In one of the aspect of the present invention it is provided that Polyherbal combinations called Coufex (syrup) is prepared as Ayurvedic Proprietary Medicine , Aqueous Extracts Mixing with Sugar Syrup form the following herbal aqueous extract coriandrum sativum was used for the formulation of protek.Further another Polyherbal combination protek as syrup is prepared by the combining an aqueous extract of the medicinal herbs including Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, Aegle marmelos, Zingiber officinale, Ocimum sanctum, Adatoda zeylanica, Piper lingum, Andrographis panivulata, Coriandrum sativum, Tinospora cordiofolia, cuminum cyminum,piper nigrum was used for the formulation of Coufex. - link

• Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung -

  Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung (1), wobei die Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung (1) mindestens an einem Ohr eines Trägers magnetisch befestigbar ist.

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• Haptens, hapten conjugates, compositions thereof and method for their preparation and use - A method for performing a multiplexed diagnostic assay, such as for two or more different targets in a sample, is described. One embodiment comprised contacting the sample with two or more specific binding moieties that bind specifically to two or more different targets. The two or more specific binding moieties are conjugated to different haptens, and at least one of the haptens is an oxazole, a pyrazole, a thiazole, a nitroaryl compound other than dinitrophenyl, a benzofurazan, a triterpene, a urea, a thiourea, a rotenoid, a coumarin, a cyclolignan, a heterobiaryl, an azo aryl, or a benzodiazepine. The sample is contacted with two or more different anti-hapten antibodies that can be detected separately. The two or more different anti-hapten antibodies may be conjugated to different detectable labels. - link