BACKGROUND: Protection conferred by natural SARS-CoV-2 infection versus COVID-19 vaccination has not been investigated in rigorously controlled studies. We compared head-to-head protection conferred by natural infection to that from the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccines in Qatar, between February 28, 2020 and March 6, 2022. METHODS: Two national matched retrospective target-trial cohort studies were conducted to compare incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 hospitalization and death among those with a documented primary infection to incidence among those with a two-dose primary-series vaccination. Associations were estimated using Cox proportional-hazards regression models. RESULTS: The overall adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) for infection was 0.46 (95% CI: 0.45-0.48) comparing those with a prior infection to those vaccinated with BNT162b2, and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.48-0.53) comparing those with a prior infection to those vaccinated with mRNA-1273. For BNT162b2, the AHR decreased gradually from 0.55 (95% CI: 0.46-0.65) in the fourth month after primary infection/vaccination to 0.31 (95% CI: 0.27-0.37) in the eighth month, while for mRNA-1273, it decreased from 0.80 (95% CI: 0.59-1.07) to 0.35 (95% CI: 0.29-0.41) over the same time period. During the Omicron wave, the AHR was ~0.50 for BNT162b2 and ~0.60 for mRNA-1273. The overall AHR for any severe, critical, or fatal COVID-19 (against all variants) was 0.32 (95% CI: 0.10-1.00) for BNT162b2, and 0.58 (95% CI: 0.14-2.43) for mRNA-1273. CONCLUSIONS: Natural infection was associated with stronger and more durable protection against infection, regardless of the variant, than mRNA primary-series vaccination. Nonetheless, vaccination remains the safest and optimal tool of protection against infection and COVID-19 hospitalization and death.
Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination wanes over time in a non-linear fashion, making modelling of likely population impacts of COVID-19 policy options challenging. We observed that it was possible to mathematize non-linear waning of vaccine effectiveness (VE) on the percentage scale as linear waning on the log-odds scale, and developed a random effects logistic regression equation based on UK Health Security Agency data to model VE against Omicron following two and three doses of a COVID-19 vaccine. VE on the odds scale reduced by 47% per month for symptomatic infection after two vaccine doses, lessening to 35% per month for hospitalisation. Waning on the odds scale after triple dose vaccines was 35% per month for symptomatic disease and 19% for hospitalisation. This log-odds system for estimating waning and boosting of COVID-19 VE provides a simple solution that may be used to parametrize SARS-CoV-2 immunity over time parsimoniously in epidemiological models.
The recent surge of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) coincided with new treatment options for mild-to- moderate Covid-19 in high-risk adolescents and adults. In this report we describe patient characteristics, treatment- related process measures and outcomes associated with early Covid-19 therapy in high-risk pediatric patients.
Alaska is the largest geographic state in the United States with the lowest population density and a mix of urban centers and isolated rural communities. The differences in population dynamics in Alaska from the contiguous United States may have contributed to a unique pattern of emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants observed in early
Dysregulated host responses to infection can lead to organ dysfunction and sepsis, causing millions of deaths globally each year. To alleviate this burden, improved prognostication and biomarkers of response are urgently needed. We investigated the use of whole blood transcriptomics for stratification of patients with severe infection by integrating data from 3,149 samples of sepsis patients and healthy individuals into a gene expression reference map. We used this map to derive a quantitative sepsis response signature (SRSq) score reflective of immune dysfunction and predictive of clinical outcomes, which can be estimated using a 19-gene signature. Finally, we built a machine learning framework, SepstratifieR, to deploy SRSq in sepsis, H1N1 influenza, and COVID-19, demonstrating clinically relevant stratification across diseases and revealing the physiological alterations linking immune dysregulation to mortality. Our method enables early identification of individuals with dysfunctional immune profiles, thus bringing us closer to precision medicine in infection.
Background and aim : Despite the significant mental health challenges the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated government measures have presented, research have shown that the majority of people have adapted and coped well. The aim of this study was i) to determine the proportion of people with mental stability and volatility during the pandemic in a North West urban environment sample and ii) to establish group differences in psychosocial variables. Mental stability and volatility refer to the extent to which individuals reported change in levels of common mental health symptoms over the course of 12 weeks. Method : a two-wave-online survey (N = 163) was used to explore the psychological and social impact of the pandemic on relatively disadvantaged neighbourhoods within the Liverpool City Region over 12 weeks. Kruskal-Wallis with post-hoc tests were used to determine how people with mental stability and volatility differed on factors categorised within an ecological framework of resilience (individual, community, societal, and COVID-19 specific). Results : Individuals categorised as ‘stable’ in terms of mental health symptoms (63.6%) had better mental and physical health; were more tolerant of uncertainty; reported higher levels of resilience and wellbeing compared to ‘very volatile’ people (19.8%). These individuals also reported feeling less socially isolated, experienced a greater sense of belonging to their community which was more likely to fulfil their needs, and were more likely to have access to green space nearby for their recommended daily exercise. ‘Stable’ individuals did not report worrying any more during the pandemic than usual and tolerated uncertainty better compared to those in the ‘volatile’ group. Implications : The majority of participants in this sample were mentally stable and coping well with the challenges presented by the pandemic. The resilience of these individuals was related to key place-based factors such as a strong sense of community and useable local assets. The data showcase the role of place-based social determinants in supporting resilience and thereby highlight key preventative measures for public mental health during times of international crisis.
In February 2021, Peru launched a vaccination campaign among healthcare personnel using BBIBP-CorV inactivated whole virus (BBIBP-CorV) COVID-19 vaccine. Two doses of BBIBP-CorV vaccine are recommended, 21 days apart. Data on BBIBP-CorV vaccine effectiveness will inform the use and acceptance of vaccination with BBIBP-CorV vaccine. We evaluated BBIBP-CorV vaccine effectiveness among an existing multi-year influenza cohort at two hospitals in Lima. We analyzed data on 290 participants followed between February and May 2021. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire and provided weekly self-collected anterior nasal swabs tested for SARS-CoV-2 by rRT-PCR for sixteen weeks. We performed multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for pre-selected characteristics (age, sex, exposure to COVID-19 patients, work in intensive care unit or emergency department, BMI, and exposure time in days). BBIBP-CorV vaccine effectiveness was calculated after the two-week post-vaccination period as (1-Odds Ratio for testing SARS-CoV-2 positive)x100%. SARS-CoV-2 was detected by rRT-PCR among 25 (9%) participants during follow-up (February-May 2021). Follow-up period ranged 1-11 weeks (median: 2 weeks). Among cohort participants who were fully vaccinated the adjusted vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection was estimated as 95% (95% CI: 70%, 99%) and 100% (95% CI: 88%, 100%) for those partially vaccinated. During the study period, vaccination of healthcare personnel with BBIBP-CorV vaccine was effective at reducing SARS-CoV-2 infections in the weeks immediately following vaccination. This information can be used to support vaccination efforts in the region, especially among those who could be concerned about their effectiveness.
Background Acute COVID-19 clinical symptoms have been clearly documented, but long-term functional and symptomatic recovery from COVID -19 is less well described. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to describe patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in adults at least 8 weeks post hospital discharge for COVID-19. Comprehensive database searches in accordance with the PRISMA statement were carried out up till 31/05/2021. Data were narratively synthesized, and a series of meta-analyses were performed using the random-effects inverse variance method. Results From 49 studies, across 14 countries with between 2-12 months follow up, the most common persisting symptom reported was fatigue with meta-analysis finding 36.6% (95 % CI 27.6 to 46.6, n=14) reporting it at 2-4 months, decreasing slightly to 32.5% still reporting it at >4 months (95% CI 22.6 to 44.2, n=15). This was followed by dyspnoea. Modified MRC score (mMRC) ≥1 was reported in 48% (95% CI 30 to 37, n=5) at 2-4months reducing to 32% (95% CI 22 to 43, n=7) at 4 months. Quality of life (QOL) as assessed by the EQ-5D-5L VAS remained reduced at >4 months (73.6 95% CI 68.1 to 79.1, n=6). Hospitalisation with COVID-19 also resulted in persisting sick leave, change in scope of work, and continued use of primary and secondary healthcare. Conclusion The symptomatic and functional impact of COVID-19 continues to be felt by patients months after discharge from hospital. This widespread morbidity points towards a multi-disciplinary approach to aid functional recovery.
We studied the relationship between declines in mobility and subsequently reported COVID-19 case incidence in 111 of the most populous U.S. counties during the Omicron surge from December 2021 through February 2022. We employed principal component analysis to construct a one-dimensional summary measure of the six Google mobility categories that are regularly reported for each county. Among counties with a lower mobility decline between December 20 and January 3, reported COVID-19 incidence did not peak until the week ending January 17, whereas among counties with a higher mobility decline, incidence peaked earlier by the week ending January 10 and remained significantly lower. Based upon a fixed- effects, longitudinal cohort model, we estimated that every 1-percent decline in mobility between December 20 and January 3 was associated with a 0.63 percent decline in peak incidence during the week ending January 17 (95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.86 percent). Based upon a cross-sectional analysis including mean household size and vaccination participation as covariates, we estimated that the same 1-percent decline in mobility was associated with a 0.36 percent decline in cumulative reported COVID-19 incidence from January 10 through February 28 (95% CI, 0.18-0.54 percent). Omicron did not simply sweep through the U.S. population until it ran out of susceptible individuals to infect. To the contrary, a significant fraction managed to avoid infection by engaging in risk-mitigating behaviors. More broadly, the behavioral response to perceived risk should be viewed as an intrinsic component of the natural course of epidemics in humans.
Selection of reference genes in quantitative PCR is critical to determine accurate and reliable mRNA expression. Despite this knowledge, not a single study has investigated the expression stability of housekeeping genes to determine their suitability to act as reference gene in SARS-CoV-2 or Covid19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) infections. Herein, we address these gaps by investigating the expression stability of nine most commonly used housekeeping genes including TBP, CypA, B2M, 18S, PGC-1α, GUSB, HPRT-1, β-ACTIN and GAPDH in the patients of varying severity (asymptomatic, mild, moderate and severe). We observed significant differences in the expression of candidate genes across the disease spectrum. Next, using various statistical algorithms (delta Ct, Normfinder, Bestkeeper, RefFinder and GeNorm), we observed that CypA demonstrated the most consistent expression across the patients of varying severity and emerged as the most suitable gene in Covid19, and CAM infections. Incidentally, the most commonly used reference gene GAPDH showed maximum variations and found to be the least suitable. Lastly, comparative evaluation of expression of NRF2 is performed following normalization with GAPDH and CypA to highlight the relevance of an appropriate reference gene. Our results reinforce the idea of a selection of housekeeping genes only after validation especially during infections.
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic researchers looked for evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in feces dissolved in wastewater samples to assess levels of infection across communities. This activity is known colloquially as sewer monitoring and called wastewater-based epidemiology in academic settings. When used for public health surveillance in the United States, wastewater monitoring is not regulated, although general ethical principles have been described. Prior to this study, no nationwide data existed regarding the public9s perceptions of wastewater being used for community health monitoring. Using an online survey distributed to a representative sample of adults in the Unites States (N=3,083), we investigated the public9s perceptions regarding what is monitored, where monitoring occurs, and privacy concerns related to wastewater monitoring as a public health surveillance tool. Further, the Privacy Attitudes Questionnaire assessed respondents9 general privacy boundaries. The results suggest that respondents supported using wastewater for health monitoring, but within some bounds. Participants were most likely to support or strongly support monitoring for disease (95%), environmental toxins (94%), and terroristic threats (90%, e.g., anthrax). Two-thirds of respondents endorsed no prohibition to locations being monitored while the most common category of location respondents wanted to be prohibited from monitoring was personal residencies. Additionally, the findings suggest that those younger in age and living in an urban area were more supportive of wastewater monitoring, compared to older, suburban dwellers.
At the end of 2019 a new coronavirus (called SARS-COV-2) epidemic appears in china and spreads from China to the rest of the world at beginning of 2020 and caused a new disease called COVID-19. It9s well known that, COVID-19 disease spreads between humans through the air by coughing and sneezing or by contact. In this paper, we develop a mathematical SIR model which takes into account the effect of disease transmission by coughing and sneezing and the period of latency which is represented by time delays. We prove that, there is non effect of latency period on the dynamics of the propagation and transmission of the coronavirus, and for some critical value of the basic reproduction number a transcritical bifurcation may occur and the disease disappears for values smaller than this critical value and persist otherwise. In the end, we carry out some numerical simulations in order to illustrate our theoretical results. Our study confirm that, cleaning surfaces and wearing masks is a controlling strategy for limiting the propagation of COVID-19.
We used daily real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) results from 67 cases of SARS- CoV-2 infection in a household transmission study to examine the trajectory of cycle threshold (Ct) values, an inverse correlate of viral RNA concentration, from nasal specimens collected between April 2020 and May 2021. Ct values varied over the course of infection, across RT-PCR platforms, and by participant age. Specimens collected from children and adolescents showed higher Ct values and adults aged ≥50 years showed lower Ct values than adults aged 18-49 years. Ct values were lower on days when participants reported experiencing symptoms.
Effect of Bronchipret on Antiviral Immune Response in Patients With Mild COVID-19 - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Drug: Bronchipret
Sponsors: Dr. Frank Behrens; Bionorica SE
Recruiting
Evaluating Public Health Interventions to Improve COVID-19 Testing Among Underserved Populations - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Behavioral: Public Health Intervention Package
Sponsors: Kathleen Fairfield; MaineHealth
Not yet recruiting
COVID-19 Serologic Strategies for Skilled Nursing Facilities - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Other: Cohorting
Sponsors: NYU Langone Health; Brown University; National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Recruiting
Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine Betuvax-CoV-2 - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Biological: Betuvax-CoV-2; Drug: Placebo
Sponsors: Human Stem Cell Institute, Russia; Betuvax LLC; CEG BIO LLC
Active, not recruiting
A Community-based Study of Spikogen®, a Protein-subunit Covid-19 Vaccine - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Biological: Advax-CpG55.2 adjuvanted recombinant spike protein
Sponsors: Professor Nikolai Petrovsky; Australian Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Institute; Tasmanian Eye Institute
Not yet recruiting
COVID-19 Volumetric Quantification on Computer Tomography Using Computer Aided Diagnostics - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Diagnostic Test: CAD analysis
Sponsors:
Bogdan Bercean; Pius Brinzeu Timisoara County Emergency Hospital
Not yet recruiting
Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Impacts of COVID-19 on Young Adults - Condition: Post COVID-19
Intervention: Other: Evaluation of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Impacts of COVID-19 on Young Adults
Sponsor: Istanbul Arel University
Not yet recruiting
Early High-Titre Convalescent Plasma in Clinically Vulnerable Individuals With Mild COVID-19 - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Biological: COVID-19 convalescent and vaccinated plasma; Other: Current standard of care
Sponsors: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besancon; Deutsches Rotes Kreuz DRK-Blutspendedienst Baden-Wurttemberg-Hessen; NHS Blood and Transplant
Not yet recruiting
Efficacy of TCM Capsules Lian Hua Qing Wen Jiao Nang in Mild COVID-19 Patients - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Other: TCM intervention; Other: Placebo intervention
Sponsor: Singapore Chung Hwa Medical Institution
Not yet recruiting
Trial to Study the Efficacy and Safety of BEJO Red Ginger in COVID-19 Patients With Mild Symptoms - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Dietary Supplement: BEJO Red Ginger Extract; Other: Placebo
Sponsors: Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia; National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia; RSDC Wisma Atlet; PT. Bintang Toedjoe
Recruiting
Safety and Pharmacokinetics of FBR-002 for the Treatment of Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in Need of Supplemental Oxygen and at Risk of Severe Outcome - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Drug: FBR-002; Drug: Placebo
Sponsor:
Fab’entech
Not yet recruiting
MF59®) and mRNA (MIPSCo-mRNA-RBD-1) Vaccines in Healthy Adults** - Condition: SARS-CoV-2
Interventions: Biological: Adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 beta variant RBD recombinant protein vaccine (DoCo-Pro-RBD-1 + MF59); Biological: SARS-CoV-2 beta variant RBD mRNA vaccine; Other: Normal Saline
Sponsors: University of Melbourne; Southern Star Research
Not yet recruiting
PROSPECTIVE OPEN LABEL CLINICAL TRIAL TO ADMINISTER A BOOSTER DOSE OF PFIZER/BIONTECH OR MODERNA COVID-19 VACCINE IN HIGH-RISK INDIVIDUALS - Conditions: SARS CoV 2 Infection; COVID-19
Interventions:
Biological: Pfizer/BioNTech (BNT162b2); Biological: Moderna
Sponsor:
DHR Health Institute for Research and Development
Recruiting
Self-Management Interventions for Long-COVID - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Behavioral: Education and Strategies Intervention; Behavioral: Mindfulness Skills Intervention
Sponsors: Toronto Rehabilitation Institute; Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR); University Health Network, Toronto
Recruiting
COVID-19 Hyper Coagulability Care by LLLT - Condition: COVID-19 Pneumonia
Interventions: Radiation: Low level laser Therapy; Other: Circulatory exercises
Sponsor: Cairo University
Recruiting
Soluble uric acid inhibits beta2 integrin-mediated neutrophil recruitment in innate immunity - Neutrophils are key players during host defense and sterile inflammation. Neutrophil dysfunction is a characteristic feature of the acquired immunodeficiency during kidney disease. We speculated that the impaired renal clearance of the intrinsic purine metabolite soluble uric acid (sUA) may account for neutrophil dysfunction. Indeed, hyperuricemia (HU, serum UA of 9-12 mg/dL) related or unrelated to kidney dysfunction significantly diminished neutrophil adhesion and extravasation in mice with…
Type I interferon transcriptional network regulates expression of coinhibitory receptors in human T cells - Although inhibition of T cell coinhibitory receptors has revolutionized cancer therapy, the mechanisms governing their expression on human T cells have not been elucidated. In the present study, we show that type 1 interferon (IFN-I) regulates coinhibitory receptor expression on human T cells, inducing PD-1/TIM-3/LAG-3 while inhibiting TIGIT expression. High-temporal-resolution mRNA profiling of IFN-I responses established the dynamic regulatory networks uncovering three temporal transcriptional…
RNA G-quadruplex in TMPRSS2 reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection continues to have devastating consequences worldwide. Recently, great efforts have been made to identify SARS-CoV-2 host factors, but the regulatory mechanisms of these host molecules, as well as the virus per se, remain elusive. Here we report a role of RNA G-quadruplex (RG4) in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Combining bioinformatics, biochemical and biophysical assays, we demonstrate the presence of RG4s in both SARS-CoV-2 genome…
Ferulic acid and berberine, via Sirt1 and AMPK, may act as cell cleansing promoters of healthy longevity - Ferulic acid, a bacterial metabolite of anthocyanins, seems likely to be a primary mediator of the health benefits associated with anthocyanin-rich diets, and has long been employed in Chinese cardiovascular medicine. In rodent studies, it has exerted wide-ranging antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, the molecular basis of which remains rather obscure. However, recent studies indicate that physiologically relevant concentrations of ferulic acid can boost expression of Sirt1 at mRNA and…
Impact of COVID-19 on college student diet quality and physical activity - Background: The COVID-19 pandemic can cause in increase in stress experienced by college students and consequently, potentially adversely affect their health behaviours. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate how COVID-19 impacted college-attending young adults diet quality and physical activity. Methods: Students attending an Appalachian university in spring 2020 participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants were surveyed on their eating habits, diet quality, and physical…
Overview of clinical outcome and therapeutic effectiveness of Favipiravir in patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care unit, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia - CONCLUSION: According to the study’s results revealing FVP is not superior to other antivirals, patients who received Favipiravir presented with more severe symptoms, more comorbidities, more complications, and is not effective in controlling the cytokine storm which negatively impact the efficacy of Favipiravir. FVP therapy had no influence on ICU and hospital length of stay in comparison with the control group as well as in the overall mortality rate among the FVP group was not statistically…
Jumping From Fragment To Drug Via Smart Scaffolds - A focused drug repurposing approach is described where an FDA-approved drug is rationally selected for biological testing based on structural similarities to a fragment compound found to bind a target protein by an NMR screen. The approach is demonstrated by first screening a curated fragment library using 19F NMR to discover a quality binder to ACE2, the human receptor required for entry and infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Based on this binder, a highly related scaffold was derived and used…
Intersected discrimination through the lens of COVID-19: The case example of Christian minority in Iraq - Compelling evidence proved that coronavirus disease (COVID-19) disproportionately affects minorities. The goal of the present study was to explore the effects of intersected discrimination and discrimination types on COVID-19, mental health, and cognition. A sample of 542 Iraqis, 55.7% females, age ranged from 18 to 73, with (M = 31.16, SD = 9.77). 48.7% were Muslims, and 51.3% were Christians (N = 278). We used measures for COVID-19 stressors, executive functions, intersected discrimination…
The Human Liver-Expressed Lectin CD302 Restricts Hepatitis C Virus Infection - C-type lectin domain-containing proteins (CTLDcps) shape host responses to pathogens and infectious disease outcomes. Previously, we identified the murine CTLDcp Cd302 as restriction factor, limiting hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection of murine hepatocytes. In this study, we investigated in detail the human orthologue’s ability to restrict HCV infection in human liver cells. CD302 overexpression in Huh-7.5 cells potently inhibited infection of diverse HCV chimeras representing seven genotypes….
Flipped inflammatory time and the role of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2: optimising tocilizumab against COVID-19 - No abstract
Blocking viral infections with lysine-based polymeric nanostructures: a critical review - The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic due to the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has accelerated the search for innovative antivirals with possibly broad-spectrum efficacy. One of the possible strategies is to inhibit the replication of the virus by preventing or limiting its entry into the cells. Nanomaterials derived from lysine, an essential amino acid capable of forming homopeptides of different shapes and sizes through thermal polymerization, are an exciting antiviral option. In this review, we have…
Peramivir, an Anti-Influenza Virus Drug, Exhibits Potential Anti-Cytokine Storm Effects - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared a public health emergency of international concerns. Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a critical clinical symptom of severe COVID-19 patients, and the macrophage is recognized as the direct host cell of SARS-CoV-2 and potential drivers of CSS. In the present study, peramivir was identified to reduce TNF-α by partly intervention of NF-κB activity in LPS-induced macrophage…
Allosteric Site of ACE-2 as a Drug Target for COVID-19 - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has a significant impact on healthcare systems and our lives. Vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) provide protection against SARS-CoV-2. However, mutations in the viral genome are common, raising concerns about the effectiveness of existing vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 uses angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) as a gateway to enter host cells. Therefore, the…
Case Report: Tackling Complement Hyperactivation With Eculizumab in Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Triggered by COVID-19 - Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare life-threatening disease of unrestrained complement system dysregulation, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure in genetically predisposed individuals. In this report, we describe two cases of SARS-CoV-2-associated HUS treated with eculizumab, a C5-blocking monoclonal antibody reported to be remarkably effective in the treatment of HUS. Detailed biochemical and genetic complement system analysis is reported, and the…
Coagulation factors directly cleave SARS-CoV-2 spike and enhance viral entry - Coagulopathy is a significant aspect of morbidity in COVID-19 patients. The clotting cascade is propagated by a series of proteases, including factor Xa and thrombin. While certain host proteases, including TMPRSS2 and furin, are known to be important for cleavage activation of SARS-CoV-2 spike to promote viral entry in the respiratory tract, other proteases may also contribute. Using biochemical and cell-based assays, we demonstrate that factor Xa and thrombin can also directly cleave…
MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE TO ANALYZE THE WORK PRESSURE OF PARAMEDICAL STAFF DURING COVID 19 - Machine learning technique to analyse the work pressure of paramedical staff during covid 19 is the proposed invention that focuses on identifying the stress levels of paramedical staff. The invention focuses on analysing the level of stress that is induced on the paramedical staff especially during pandemic. - link
CBD Covid 19 Protection - - link
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING IMPROVED GENERALIZED FUZZY PEER GROUP WITH MODIFIED TRILATERAL FILTER TO REMOVE MIXED IMPULSE AND ADAPTIVE WHITE GAUSSIAN NOISE FROM COLOR IMAGES - ABSTRACTMETHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING IMPROVED GENERALIZED FUZZY PEER GROUP WITH MODIFIED TRILATERAL FILTER TO REMOVE MIXED IMPULSE AND ADAPTIVE WHITE GAUSSIAN NOISE FROM COLOR IMAGESThe present invention provides a new approach is proposed that includes fuzzy-based approach and similarity function for filtering the mixed noise. In a peer group, the similarity function was adaptive to edge information and local noise level, which was utilized for detecting the similarity among pixels. In addition, a new filtering method Modified Trilateral Filter (MTF) with Improved Generalized Fuzzy Peer Group (IGFPG) is proposed to remove mixed impulse and Adaptive White Gaussian Noise from Color Images. The modified trilateral filter includes Kikuchi algorithm and loopy belief propagation to solve the inference issues on the basis of passing local message. In this research work, the images were collected from KODAK dataset and a few real time multimedia images like Lena were also used for testing the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. - link
A STUDY ON MENTAL HEALTH, STRESS AND ANXIETY AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS DURING COVID-19 - SARS-Cov-2 virus causes an infectious disease coronavirus(COVID-19).The Students life is made harder by COVID-19.The human reaction that happens normally to everyone through physical or emotional tension is stress. Feeling of angry, nervous and frustration caused through any thought or events leads to stress. As college closures and cancelled events, students are missing out on some of the biggest moments of their young lives as well as everyday moments like chatting with friend, participating in class and cultural programme. For students facing life changes due to the outbreak are feeling anxious, isolated and disappointed which lead them to feel all alone. We like to take the help of expert adolescent psychologist to find out the techniques to practice self-care and look after their mental health. We would like to find out whether techniques used reduce the anxiety and stress among Engineering Students. - link
A METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF COVID-19 INFECTIONS WITH PALMITOYLETHANOLAMIDE - - link
CONNECTING A TUTOR WITH A STUDENT - A system and a method for connecting a tutor with a student in real time. Initially, the system receives a student profile. Further, the system receives a question from the student. Furthermore, the system synthesizes the question based on a set of predefined machine learning model. Subsequently, the system determines a cohort of the students from the set of the cohort of the students. The cohort of the students is determined based on the one or more parameters related to the question. Further, the system identifies a tutor assigned to the cohort of the students. Subsequently, the system notifies the tutor in real time. Further, the system receives an acknowledgement from the tutor within a predefined time. Finally, the system connects the tutor with the student in real time when the acknowledgement is the positive acknowledgement. - link
A CENTRAL TRANSACTION AUTHENTIC SYSTEM FOR OTP VERIFICATION - The present invention relates to a central transaction authentic system (100) for OTP verification. The system (100) comprises one or more user display units (102), one or more financial units (104), an account deposit unit (106), an OTP authentication unit (108) and a service server unit (110). The central transaction authentic system (100) for OTP verification work as Anti-money laundering measure. The system (100) also helpful for minimizing rate of cybercrime. The central transaction authentic system (100) for OTP verification that can neutralize digital financial fraud. The present invention provides a central transaction authentic system (100) for OTP verification that can monitor and analyze every transaction and customer interaction across its customer base for suspicious and potentially criminal activity. - link
FORMULATIONS AND METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF HERBAL MEDICATED TRANSPARENT SOAP - ABSTRACTFORMULATIONS AND METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF HERBAL MEDICATED TRANSPARENT SOAPThe present invention provides formulations for herbal medicated transparent soaps and method of preparation of the same. Transparent soaps are prepared by saponification of mixture of non-edible oils to get the desired consistency and cleaning action. Nonvolatile alcohols and other transparency promoters are used to get good transparency and binding properties. Herbal extracts of different herbs are added to get medicated properties. - link
POOL CAMPUS PLACEMENT INTERACTIVE APP FOR INDUSTRY ACADEMIA - In recent days students complete the studies through online and find difficult in getting placement. Since the COVID has stopped the Industries/Companies to conduct campus interview and direct recruitment throughout India. This leads to huge unemployment and companies lack in finding the correct person for their job. To overcome this issue it is proposed to develop an application where recruiters can easily conduct their recruitment process. This app integrates the student’s database and the Industry/company database. This model helps the recruiter to choose the eligible student from the huge database instead of a group of students from a particular University/college. There are many benefits like faster recruitment process, many students finding their dream job, HR process the interview from the remote location, entire process is in online, no need to travel and accommodate a place for rent. The entire process is recorded and saved as a report, this ensures 100 % genuine and no space for malpractice. - link
SOCIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM FOR MOBILE ROBOTS IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT TECHNOLOGY - The emergency department (ED) is a safety-critical environment in which healthcare workers (HCWs) are overburdened, overworked, and have limited resources, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. One way to address this problem is to explore the use of robots that can support clinical teams, e.g., to deliver materials or restock supplies. However, due to EDs being overcrowded, and the cognitive overload HCWs experience, robots need to understand various levels of patient acuity so they avoid disrupting care delivery. In this invention, we introduce the Safety-Critical Deep Q-Network (SafeDQN) system, a new acuity-aware navigation system for mobile robots. SafeDQN is based on two insights about care in EDs: high-acuity patients tend to have more HCWs in attendance and those HCWs tend to move more quickly. We compared SafeDQN to three classic navigation methods, and show that it generates the safest, quickest path for mobile robots when navigating in a simulated ED environment. We hope this work encourages future exploration of social robots that work in safety-critical, human-centered environments, and ultimately help to improve patient outcomes and save lives. Figure 1. - link