Objective To determine how the severity of successively dominant SARS-CoV-2 variants has changed over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Design Prospective cohort analysis. Setting Community- and hospital- sequenced COVID-19 cases in the NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (NHS GG&C) Health Board (1.2 million people). Participants All sequenced non- nosocomial adult COVID-19 cases in NHS GG&C identified to be infected with the relevant SARS-CoV-2 lineage during the following analysis periods. B.1.177/Alpha analysis: 1st November 2020 - 30th January 2021 (n = 1640). Alpha/Delta analysis: 1st April - 30th June 2021 (n = 5552). AY.4.2 Delta/non-AY.4.2 Delta analysis: 1st July - 31st October 2021 (n = 9613). Non-AY.4.2 Delta/Omicron analysis: 1st - 31st December 2021 (n = 3858). Main outcome measures Admission to hospital, admission to ICU, or death within 28 days of first positive COVID-19 test Results In the B.1.177/Alpha analysis, 300 of 807 (37.2%) B.1.177 cases were recorded as hospitalised or having a more severe outcome, compared to 232 of 833 (27.9%) Alpha cases. After adjusting for the following covariates: age, sex, time of positive test, comorbidities and partial postcode, the cumulative odds ratio was 1.51 (95% central credible interval 1.08-2.11) for Alpha versus B.1.177. In the Alpha/Delta analysis, 113 of 2104 (5.4%) Alpha cases were recorded as hospitalised or having a more severe outcome, compared to 230 of 3448 (6.7%) Delta cases. After adjusting for the above covariates plus number of vaccine doses and reinfection, the cumulative odds ratio was 2.09 (95% central credible interval 1.42-3.08) for Delta versus Alpha. In the non-AY.4.2 Delta/AY.4.2 Delta analysis, 845 of 8644 (9.8%) non-AY.4.2 Delta cases were recorded as hospitalised or having a more severe outcome, compared to 101 of 969 (10.4%) AY.4.2 Delta cases. After adjusting for the previously stated covariates, the cumulative odds ratio was 0.99 (95% central credible interval 0.76-1.27) for AY.4.2 Delta versus non-AY.4.2 Delta. In the non-AY.4.2 Delta/Omicron analysis, 30 of 1164 (2.6%) non- AY.4.2 Delta cases were recorded as hospitalised or having a more severe outcome, compared to 26 of 2694 (1.0%) Omicron cases. After adjusting for the previously listed covariates, the median cumulative odds ratio was 0.49 (95% central credible interval 0.22-1.06) for Omicron versus non-AY.4.2 Delta. Conclusions The direction of change in disease severity between successively emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern was inconsistent. This heterogeneity in virulence between variants, coupled with independent evolutionary emergence, demonstrates that severity associated with future SARS-CoV-2 variants is inherently unpredictable.
SARS-nCoV2 may have increased capacity to generate autoimmune disease; multiple reports suggest increased risk of Type 1 Diabetes, and case reports suggest other autoimmune linkages. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) pathogenesis appears to be a mix of genetic susceptibility, microbial populations, and immune triggers such as infections. Given the perceived role of infection in pathogenesis, decreased incidence of all infections during the pandemic secondary to non- pharmaceutical interventions should decrease IBD incidence rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the Covid-19 pandemic and IBD presentation in NYC using data from new diagnoses at a consortium of institutions. Using EMR systems all diagnoses at 4 collaborating institutions were retrieved from 2015-2021. We fit time series model (ARIMA) to the quarterly number of cases of each disease for January 2016-March 2020 and forecast the subsequent 21 months. We not only did not observe a decline in pediatric IBD secondary to absent viral illness, but noted a statistically significant increase in Crohn9s Disease approximately 6 months after the initial 2020 COVID wave in NYC, and trends suggesting increases overall in IBD diagnoses above the existing trend towards increased disease presentation that pre-dated the pandemic. This data suggests that there may be a linkage between SARS-nCoV2 infection rates and subsequent pediatric IBD presentation, warranting further evaluation in the aftermath of the Omicron wave.
Background Mortality from COVID-19 among kidney transplant recipients (KTR) is high, and their response to three vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 is strongly impaired. Methods We retrospectively analyzed serological response of up to five doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in KTR from December 27, 2020, until December 31, 2021. Particularly, the influence of different dose adjustment regimens for mycophenolic acid (MPA) on serological response to fourth vaccination was analyzed. Results In total, 4.277 vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 in 1.478 patients were analyzed. Serological response was 19.5% after 1.203 basic immunizations, and increased to 29.4%, 55.6%, and 57.5% in response to 603 third, 250 fourth and 40 fifth vaccinations, resulting in a cumulative response rate of 88.7%. In patients with calcineurin inhibitor and MPA maintenance immunosuppression, pausing MPA and adding 5 mg prednisolone equivalent before the fourth vaccination increased serological response rate to 75% in comparison to no dose adjustment (52%) or dose reduction (46%). Belatacept-treated patients had a response rate of 8.7% (4/46) after three vaccinations and 12.5% (3/25) after four vaccinations. Conclusion Except for belatacept-treated patients, repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination of up to five times effectively induces serological response in kidney transplant recipients. It can be enhanced by pausing MPA at the time of vaccination.
In Dec 2021-Feb 2022, an intense and unprecedented co-circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants with high genetic diversity raised the question of possible co-infections between variants and how to detect them. Using 11 mixes of Delta:Omicron isolates at different ratios, we evaluated the performance of 4 different sets of primers used for whole- genome sequencing and we developed an unbiased bioinformatics method which can detect all co-infections irrespective of the SARS-CoV-2 lineages involved. Applied on 21,387 samples collected between weeks 49-2021 and 08-2022 from random genomic surveillance in France, we detected 53 co-infections between different lineages. The prevalence of Delta and Omicron (BA.1) co-infections and Omicron lineages BA.1 and BA.2 co-infections were estimated at 0.18% and 0.26%, respectively. Among 6,242 hospitalized patients, the intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates were 1.64%, 4.81% and 15.38% in Omicron, Delta and Delta/Omicron patients, respectively. No BA.1/BA.2 co-infections were reported among ICU admitted patients. Although SARS-CoV-2 co-infections were rare in this study, their proper detection is crucial to evaluate their clinical impact and the risk of the emergence of potential recombinants.
Post-acute lung sequelae of COVID-19 are challenging many survivors across the world, yet the mechanisms behind are poorly understood. Our results delineate an inflammatory cascade of events occurring along disease progression within fibrovascular niches. It is initiated by endothelial dysfunction, followed by heme scavenging of CD163+ macrophages and production of CCL18. This chemokine synergizes with local CCL21 upregulation to influence the stromal composition favoring endothelial to mesenchymal transition. The local immune response is further modulated via recruitment of CCR7+ T cells into the expanding fibrovascular niche and imprinting an exhausted, T follicular helper like phenotype in these cells. Eventually, this culminates in the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures, further perpetuating chronic inflammation. Thus, our work presents misdirected immune-stromal interaction mechanisms promoting a self-sustained and non-resolving local immune response that extends beyond active viral infection and leads to profound tissue repurposing and chronic inflammation.
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to be a significant public health challenge globally. SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus, and the understanding of what constitutes expressed RNAseq variants in healthy, convalescent, severe, moderate and to those admitted at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is yet to be presented. We set to characterize the different expressed RNAseq variants in healthy, severe, moderate, ICU, and convalescent individuals. Materials and methods: The bulk RNA sequencing data with identifier PRJNA639275 was download from Sequence Reads Archive (SRA). The individuals were divided into: (i) healthy, n=34, severe, n=16, ICU, n=8, moderate, n=8, and convalescent, n=2. Fastqc version 0.11.9 and Cutadapt version 3.7 was used to asses the reads quality and to perform adapter trimming respectively. STAR was using to align reads to the reference genome and GATK best practice was followed to call variants using rnavar pipeline, part of the nf-core pipelines. Results: Our analysis demonstrated that convalescent, moderate, severe and those admitted to the ICU are characterized by different sets of unique RNAseq variants. The data shows that the individuals who recover from SARS-CoV-2 infection have the same set of expressed variants as in the healthy controls. We showed that the healthy and SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals display different sets of expressed varinats which is characteristic of the patient phenotype. Conclusion: The individuals with severe, moderate, those admitted at the ICU, and convalescent individuals display a unique set of variants. The findings in this study will inform the test kit development and SARS-CoV-2 patients classification to enhance management and control of SARS-CoV-2 infection in our population. Key words: RNAseq, variants, SARS-CoV-2, severe, ICU, moderate
Throughout the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, multiple waves of variants of concern have swept across populations, leading to a chain of new and yet more contagious lineages dominating COVID-19 cases. Here, we tracked the remarkably rapid shift from Omicron BA.1 to BA.2 sub-variant dominance in the Swedish population during January-March 2022. By analysis of 174,933 clinical nasopharyngeal swab samples using a custom variant-typing RT-PCR assay, we uncover nearly two-fold higher levels of viral RNA in cases with Omicron BA.2. Importantly, increased viral load in the upper pharynx upon BA.2 infection may provide part of the explanation why Omicron BA.2 is more transmissible and currently outcompetes the BA.1 variant across populations.
Background Little is known about the population prevalence of antibodies against emerging immune escape variants of SARS-CoV-2. Methods A population-based prevalence study was conducted in Yokohama City, the most populous municipality of Japan. Quantitative measurements of immunoglobulin G against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SP-IgG) and qualitative measurements of neutralization antibodies against the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants were performed. Results Of 6,000 randomly selected residents aged 20-74, 1,277 participated in the study during a period from January 30 to February 28, 2022. Of them, 3% had prior diagnosis of COVID-19, 96% received at least two-doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and 94% were positive for SP-IgG. The positive rates of neutralizing antibodies were 28% to Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants in a random sample of 10% of participants (n=123) and 100% to BA.1 and BA.2 among participants who received the third vaccination at least 7 days before (n=66). Conclusions In this population-based prevalence study in Japan, most had SP-IgG antibodies but the overall neutralizing antibody positive rate was 28% against the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants. The population-level insufficient humoral immunity against the Omicron variants may explain the outbreak of COVID-19 during this period in Japan.
Background To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and infection prevention measures on children visiting emergency departments across Europe. Methods Routine health data were extracted retrospectively from electronic patient records of children aged <16 years, presenting to 38 emergency departments (ED) in 16 European countries for the period January 2018 – May 2020, using predefined and standardised data domains. Observed and predicted numbers of ED attendances were calculated for the period February 2020 to May 2020. Poisson models and incidence rate ratios (IRR) were used to compare age groups, diagnoses, and outcomes. Findings Reductions in paediatric ED attendances, hospital admissions and high triage urgencies were seen in all participating sites. ED attendances were relatively higher in countries with lower SARS-CoV-2 prevalence (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 2·62, 95% CI 2·19 to 3·13), and in children aged >12 months (12-<24 months IRR 0·89, 95% CI 0·86 to 0·92; 2-<5years IRR 0·84, 95% CI 0·82 to 0·87; 5-<12 years IRR 0·74, 95% CI 0·72 to 0·76; 12-<16 years IRR 0·74, 95% CI 0·71 to 0·77; vs. age <12 months as reference group). The impact on paediatric intensive care admissions (IRR 1·30, 95% CI 1·16 to 1·45) was not as great as the impact on general admissions. Lower triage urgencies were reduced more than higher triage urgencies (urgent triage IRR 1·10, 95% CI 1·08 to 1·12; emergent and very urgent triage IRR 1·53, 95% CI 1·49 to 1·57; vs. non-urgent triage category). Reductions were highest and sustained throughout the study period for children with communicable infectious diseases. Interpretation Reductions in ED attendances were seen across Europe during the first COVID-19 lockdown period. More severely ill children continued to attend hospital more frequently compared to those with minor injuries and illnesses, although absolute numbers fell.
Objectives: To explore the experiences of healthcare workers of providing Non-Invasive Advanced Respiratory Support (NARS) to critically unwell patients with covid-19. Design: A qualitative study drawing on a social constructionist perspective using thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews. Setting: A single acute UK NHS Trust across two hospital sites. Participants: Multidisciplinary team members in acute, respiratory and palliative medicine. Results: 21 nurses, doctors (juniors and consultants) and physiotherapists described the provision of NARS to critically unwell covid-19 patients as extremely challenging. The main themes were of feeling ill prepared and unsupported, a need to balance complex moral actions, a sense of duty to patients and their families. The impact on staff was profound and findings are discussed via a lens of moral injury. Injurious events included staff feeling they had acted in a way that caused harm, failed to prevent harm or had been let down by seniors or the Trust. Participants identified factors that mitigated adverse impact. Conclusions: Although many of the issues described by participants are likely immutable components of healthcare in a pandemic there were several important protective factors that emerged from the data. Experience, debriefing and breaks from covid-19 wards were valuable to participants and successfully achieving a peaceful death for the patient was often viewed as compensation for a difficult journey. These protective factors may provide modelling for future education and support services to help prevent moral injury or aide in its recovery.
A Clinical Trial on Sequential Immunization of Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine (CHO Cell, NVSI-06-09) and Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine (Vero Cell) - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Biological: Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine (CHO cell，NVSI-06-09); Biological: Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (Vero cells)
Sponsors:
National Vaccine and Serum Institute, China; China National Biotec Group Company Limited; Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd; Beijing Insitute of Biological Products Co., Ltd
Not yet recruiting
Phase 1/2 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled IBIO123 in Participants With Mild to Moderate COVID-19 Illness - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Biological: IBIO123; Other: Placebo
Sponsor: Immune Biosolutions Inc
Recruiting
Compass Course: COVID-19 - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Behavioral: Compass Course
Sponsor:
Allina Health System
Recruiting
A Community-based Study of Spikogen®, a Protein-subunit Covid-19 Vaccine - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Biological: Advax-CpG55.2 adjuvanted recombinant spike protein
Sponsors: Professor Nikolai Petrovsky; Australian Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Institute; Tasmanian Eye Institute
Not yet recruiting
COVID-19 Volumetric Quantification on Computer Tomography Using Computer Aided Diagnostics - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Diagnostic Test: CAD analysis
Sponsors:
Bogdan Bercean; Pius Brinzeu Timisoara County Emergency Hospital
Not yet recruiting
Improving COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among Black and Latino Youth - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Behavioral: Culturally-Tailored COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Intervention; Behavioral: Standard Care
Sponsors: Nemours Children’s Health System; National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS); University of Delaware; ChristianaCare
Active, not recruiting
Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Impacts of COVID-19 on Young Adults - Condition: Post COVID-19
Intervention: Other: Evaluation of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Impacts of COVID-19 on Young Adults
Sponsor: Istanbul Arel University
Not yet recruiting
Clinical Evaluation of Rapid Antibody Test for Covid-19 - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Diagnostic Test: Livzon Rapid Antibody Test for COVID-19
Sponsors: University of Southampton; West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust
Completed
ApTOLL for the Treatment of COVID-19 - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Drug: ApTOLL; Other: Saline
Sponsors:
Macarena Hernández Jiménez; Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial
Recruiting
Platform Trial to Compare Homologous Boost of Authorized COVID-19 Vaccines and Heterologous Boost With UB-612 Vaccine - Condition: COVID-19 Vaccines
Interventions: Biological: UB-612; Biological: BNT162b2 vaccine; Biological: ChAdOx1-S vaccine; Biological: Sinopharm BIBP
Sponsors: Vaxxinity, Inc.; Syneos Health
Recruiting
Nitrate-based Nutritional Formula for Oxygen Saturation and Patient-reported Outcomes in Covid-19 - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Dietary Supplement: NITRATE; Dietary Supplement: PLACEBO
Sponsor: University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education
Completed
COVID-19 Variant Immunologic Landscape Trial (COVAIL Trial) - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Biological: mRNA-1273; Biological: mRNA-1273.351; Other: Sodium Chloride, 0.9%
Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Not yet recruiting
Trial to Study the Efficacy and Safety of BEJO Red Ginger in COVID-19 Patients With Mild Symptoms - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Dietary Supplement: BEJO Red Ginger Extract; Other: Placebo
Sponsors: Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia; National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia; RSDC Wisma Atlet; PT. Bintang Toedjoe
Recruiting
Safety and Pharmacokinetics of FBR-002 for the Treatment of Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in Need of Supplemental Oxygen and at Risk of Severe Outcome - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Drug: FBR-002; Drug: Placebo
Sponsor:
Fab’entech
Not yet recruiting
PROSPECTIVE OPEN LABEL CLINICAL TRIAL TO ADMINISTER A BOOSTER DOSE OF PFIZER/BIONTECH OR MODERNA COVID-19 VACCINE IN HIGH-RISK INDIVIDUALS - Conditions: SARS CoV 2 Infection; COVID-19
Interventions:
Biological: Pfizer/BioNTech (BNT162b2); Biological: Moderna
Sponsor:
DHR Health Institute for Research and Development
Recruiting
Aprotinin treatment against SARS-CoV-2: a randomized phase III study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a pan- protease inhibitor for moderate COVID-19 - CONCLUSIONS: Inhaled aprotinin may improve standard treatment and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, resulting in a shorter treatment time and hospitalization compared to the placebo group. Administration of aprotinin was safe.
Identified human breastmilk compositions effectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and variants infection and replication - The global pandemic of COVID-19 caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection confers great threat to the public health. Human breastmilk is a complex with nutritional composition to nourish infants and protect them from different kinds of infectious diseases including COVID-19. Here, we identified lactoferrin (LF), mucin1 (MUC1) and α-lactalbumin (α-LA) from human breastmilk inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection using a SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus system and…
A comparison of Remdesivir versus gold cluster in COVID-19 animal model: A better therapeutic outcome of gold cluster - While gold compound have been approved for Rheumatoid arthritis treatment as it well suppresses inflammatory cytokines of patients, no such treatment is currently available for COVID-19 treatment in vivo . We firstly disclose gold cluster yields better therapeutic outcome than Remdesivir in COVID-19 hamster treatments as it is armed with direct inhibition viral replication and intrinsic suppression inflammatory cytokines expression. Crystal data reveals that Au (I), released from gold cluster…
A randomized clinical trial of a booster dose with low versus standard dose of AZD1222 in adult after 2 doses of inactivated vaccines - CONCLUSION: Half-dose AZD1222 booster after 2-dose inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination had non-inferior immunogenicity, yet lower systemic reactogenicity. Fractional low-dose AZD1222 booster should be considered especially in resource- constrained settings.
An issue of concern: unique truncated ORF8 protein variants of SARS-CoV-2 - Open reading frame 8 (ORF8) shows one of the highest levels of variability among accessory proteins in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). It was previously reported that the ORF8 protein inhibits the presentation of viral antigens by the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I), which interacts with host factors involved in pulmonary inflammation. The ORF8 protein assists SARS-CoV-2 in evading immunity…
A Faster, Novel Technique to Detect COVID-19 Neutralizing Antibodies - BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has spread globally in a short period of time. It is known that antibody (nAb) level can effectively predict vaccine efficacy, which leads to the exploration of vaccine trials for efficacy assessment. Thus, the current study aimed to develop a platform to quantify nAb levels faster, at lower cost, and with better efficiency. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 69 sera samples were collected for the research, 28 of which were from unvaccinated participants. The other…
Harnessing coronavirus spike proteins’ binding affinity to ACE2 receptor through a novel baculovirus surface display system - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly emerging infectious disease currently spreading across the world. The spike (S) protein plays a key role in the receptor recognition and cell membrane fusion, making it an important target for developing vaccines, therapeutic antibodies and diagnosis. In this study, we constructed a baculovirus surface display system that efficiently presents both SARS-CoV and…
Enoxaparin augments alpha-1-antitrypsin inhibition of TMPRSS2, a promising drug combination against COVID-19 - The cell surface serine protease Transmembrane Protease 2 (TMPRSS2) is required to cleave the spike protein of SARS- CoV-2 for viral entry into cells. We determined whether negatively-charged heparin enhanced TMPRSS2 inhibition by alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT). TMPRSS2 activity was determined in HEK293T cells overexpressing TMPRSS2. We quantified infection of primary human airway epithelial cells (hAEc) with human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) by immunostaining for the nucleocapsid protein and by the…
MERS-CoV ORF4b employs an unusual binding mechanism to target IMPalpha and block innate immunity - The MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a highly pathogenic, emerging virus that produces accessory proteins to antagonize the host innate immune response. The MERS-CoV ORF4b protein has been shown to bind preferentially to the nuclear import adapter IMPα3 in infected cells, thereby inhibiting NF-κB-dependent innate immune responses. Here, we report high- resolution structures of ORF4b bound to two distinct IMPα family members. Each exhibit highly similar binding mechanisms that, in both cases, lack a…
STING agonist diABZI induces PANoptosis and DNA mediated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) - Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) contributes to immune responses against tumors and may control viral infection including SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, activation of the STING pathway by airway silica or smoke exposure leads to cell death, self-dsDNA release, and STING/type I IFN dependent acute lung inflammation/ARDS. The inflammatory response induced by a synthetic non-nucleotide-based diABZI STING agonist, in comparison to the natural cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP, is unknown. A low dose…
Fractionation of sulfated galactan from the red alga Botryocladia occidentalis separates its anticoagulant and anti- SARS-CoV-2 properties - Sulfation pattern and molecular weight (MW) play a key role in the biological actions of sulfated glycans. Besides anticoagulant effects, certain sulfated glycans can also exhibit anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties. To develop a more selective antiviral carbohydrate, an efficient strategy to separate these two actions is required. In this work, low MW fractions derived from the red alga Botryocladia occidentalis sulfated galactan (BoSG) were generated, structurally characterized, and tested for activity…
Inhibition of Respiratory RNA Viruses by a Composition of Ionophoric Polyphenols with Metal Ions - Controlling the infectivity of respiratory RNA viruses is critical, especially during the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. There is an unmet need for therapeutic agents that can reduce viral replication, preferably independent of the accumulation of viral mutations. Zinc ions have an apparent activity as modulators of intracellular viral RNA replication and thus, appear attractive in reducing viral RNA load and infectivity. However, the intracellular concentration of zinc is usually too low for…
One-Pot Synthesis and Molecular Modeling Studies of New Bioactive Spiro-Oxindoles Based on Uracil Derivatives as SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors Targeting RNA Polymerase and Spike Glycoprotein - The first outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 was reported about severe acute coronaviral syndrome 2 (SARS- CoV-2). The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020 resulted in an extremely high potential for dissemination. No drugs are validated in large-scale studies for significant effectiveness in the clinical treatment of COVID-19 patients, despite the worsening trends of COVID-19. This study aims to design a simple and efficient cyclo- condensation reaction of…
In Silico and In Vitro Identification of Pan-Coronaviral Main Protease Inhibitors from a Large Natural Product Library - The main protease (M^(pro) or 3CL^(pro)) in coronaviruses represents a promising specific drug target as it is essential for the cleavage of the virus polypeptide and has a unique cleavage site that does not exist in human host proteases. In this study, we explored potential natural pan-coronavirus drugs using in vitro and in silico approaches and three coronavirus main proteases as treatment targets. The PyRx program was used to screen 39,442 natural-product-like compounds from the ZINC…
Repurposing Probenecid to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2, Influenza Virus, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Replication - Viral replication and transmissibility are the principal causes of endemic and pandemic disease threats. There remains a need for broad-spectrum antiviral agents. The most common respiratory viruses are endemic agents such as coronaviruses, respiratory syncytial viruses, and influenza viruses. Although vaccines are available for SARS-CoV-2 and some influenza viruses, there is a paucity of effective antiviral drugs, while for RSV there is no vaccine available, and therapeutic treatments are very…
MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE TO ANALYZE THE WORK PRESSURE OF PARAMEDICAL STAFF DURING COVID 19 - Machine learning technique to analyse the work pressure of paramedical staff during covid 19 is the proposed invention that focuses on identifying the stress levels of paramedical staff. The invention focuses on analysing the level of stress that is induced on the paramedical staff especially during pandemic. - link
CBD Covid 19 Protection - - link
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING IMPROVED GENERALIZED FUZZY PEER GROUP WITH MODIFIED TRILATERAL FILTER TO REMOVE MIXED IMPULSE AND ADAPTIVE WHITE GAUSSIAN NOISE FROM COLOR IMAGES - ABSTRACTMETHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING IMPROVED GENERALIZED FUZZY PEER GROUP WITH MODIFIED TRILATERAL FILTER TO REMOVE MIXED IMPULSE AND ADAPTIVE WHITE GAUSSIAN NOISE FROM COLOR IMAGESThe present invention provides a new approach is proposed that includes fuzzy-based approach and similarity function for filtering the mixed noise. In a peer group, the similarity function was adaptive to edge information and local noise level, which was utilized for detecting the similarity among pixels. In addition, a new filtering method Modified Trilateral Filter (MTF) with Improved Generalized Fuzzy Peer Group (IGFPG) is proposed to remove mixed impulse and Adaptive White Gaussian Noise from Color Images. The modified trilateral filter includes Kikuchi algorithm and loopy belief propagation to solve the inference issues on the basis of passing local message. In this research work, the images were collected from KODAK dataset and a few real time multimedia images like Lena were also used for testing the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. - link
A STUDY ON MENTAL HEALTH, STRESS AND ANXIETY AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS DURING COVID-19 - SARS-Cov-2 virus causes an infectious disease coronavirus(COVID-19).The Students life is made harder by COVID-19.The human reaction that happens normally to everyone through physical or emotional tension is stress. Feeling of angry, nervous and frustration caused through any thought or events leads to stress. As college closures and cancelled events, students are missing out on some of the biggest moments of their young lives as well as everyday moments like chatting with friend, participating in class and cultural programme. For students facing life changes due to the outbreak are feeling anxious, isolated and disappointed which lead them to feel all alone. We like to take the help of expert adolescent psychologist to find out the techniques to practice self-care and look after their mental health. We would like to find out whether techniques used reduce the anxiety and stress among Engineering Students. - link
A METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF COVID-19 INFECTIONS WITH PALMITOYLETHANOLAMIDE - - link
CONNECTING A TUTOR WITH A STUDENT - A system and a method for connecting a tutor with a student in real time. Initially, the system receives a student profile. Further, the system receives a question from the student. Furthermore, the system synthesizes the question based on a set of predefined machine learning model. Subsequently, the system determines a cohort of the students from the set of the cohort of the students. The cohort of the students is determined based on the one or more parameters related to the question. Further, the system identifies a tutor assigned to the cohort of the students. Subsequently, the system notifies the tutor in real time. Further, the system receives an acknowledgement from the tutor within a predefined time. Finally, the system connects the tutor with the student in real time when the acknowledgement is the positive acknowledgement. - link
A CENTRAL TRANSACTION AUTHENTIC SYSTEM FOR OTP VERIFICATION - The present invention relates to a central transaction authentic system (100) for OTP verification. The system (100) comprises one or more user display units (102), one or more financial units (104), an account deposit unit (106), an OTP authentication unit (108) and a service server unit (110). The central transaction authentic system (100) for OTP verification work as Anti-money laundering measure. The system (100) also helpful for minimizing rate of cybercrime. The central transaction authentic system (100) for OTP verification that can neutralize digital financial fraud. The present invention provides a central transaction authentic system (100) for OTP verification that can monitor and analyze every transaction and customer interaction across its customer base for suspicious and potentially criminal activity. - link
人源抗新冠病毒中和性抗体D2及其应用 - 本发明公开了人源抗新冠病毒中和性抗体D2及其应用。本发明利用噬菌体抗体库技术，成功获得一株特异性针对新型冠状病毒表面抗原的人源中和性抗体D2；且其在体外具有阻止新型冠状病毒感染敏感细胞的中和功能，在宿主中表达量高，对抗原亲和力高。利用上述方法获得的人源中和性抗新型冠状病毒表面抗原基因工程抗体可变区基因、Fab抗体基因以及上述每个抗体基因特征下的全抗体基因，可以在原核细胞、酵母细胞、真核细胞及任何重组系统中表达和生产此抗体或以此为基础的改建后的含有此抗体基因的任何其他基因，获得具有中和新型冠状病毒感染的抗体产物，制成临床上用于预防和治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎的特异性抗体药物。 - link
雾化吸入型糖皮质激素纳米药物及其制备方法和应用 - 本发明公开了一种雾化吸入型糖皮质激素纳米药物及其制备方法和应用。该纳米药物包括：纳米级细胞膜囊泡；以及加载在纳米级细胞膜囊泡中的糖皮质激素。本发明的雾化吸入型糖皮质激素纳米药物可以在炎症肺部的滞留增强，并改善对激活的巨噬细胞和树突状细胞的靶向性，从而促进糖皮质激素细胞因子的下调作用，抑制新冠病毒SARS‑CoV‑2感染引起的新冠肺炎COVID‑19炎性细胞浸润和肺组织损伤；纳米糖皮质激素依靠中性粒细胞膜囊泡上丰富的细胞因子受体，中和广谱细胞因子，有效缓解肺部炎症。此外，中性粒细胞膜囊泡显示出了更好的体内安全性，并且雾化吸入型糖皮质激素纳米药物吸入递送后能有效地减轻糖皮质激素引起的骨质疏松症。 - link
检测新型冠状病毒及其Omicron突变株的试剂盒和方法 - 本发明公开了一种检测新型冠状病毒及其Omicron突变株的试剂盒和方法。本发明通过对新冠ORF1ab、N、S三靶标基因进行联合检测对新型冠状病毒进行定性检测，同时S基因检测靶标区域覆盖Omicron变异株的特异性突变位点，如若新型冠状病毒为Omicron变异株，因突变位点的发生会导致S基因丢失无信号，从而对Omicron变异株与非Omicron变异株进行鉴别。本发明的检测试剂，能够高效率、高特异性、高稳定性、低成本的对新型冠状病毒及其Omicron突变株感染患者进行检测。 - link