Objectives For Tanzania including Zanzibar, The development of the COVID-19 pandemic has remained unclear, since reporting cases was suspended during2020/21. The present study provides first data on the COVID-19 seroprevalence among Zanzibari before the omicron variant wave starting in late 2021. Design During August through October 2021 representative cross-sectional data were collected from randomly selected households in 120 wards of the two main islands, Unguja and Pemba. Participants voluntarily provided blood samples to test their sera for antibodies against SARS-CoV2 in a semiquantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Results 57% of the 2080 sera analysed were positive without significant differences between Unguja and Pemba or between rural and urban areas, similar to observations from other sub-Saharan Africa countries. Conclusions The antibody levels observed are most likely to previous infections with SARS-CoV2, since vaccination was basically not available before the survey. Therefore, this study provides first insight, how many Zanzibari have had COVID-19 before the Omicron variant. Further, it provides the appropriate basis for a follow-up survey addressing how this seroprevalence influenced the susceptibility to the Omicron variants, given harmonised methodologies are used.
Official Covid-19 death tallies have under-estimated the total mortality impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. Excess mortality is a useful measure for assessing the total effects of the pandemic on mortality levels. While most studies of excess mortality in the United States have taken place at the state or national levels, some studies have produced county-level estimates. However, no estimates are currently available for the period from 2020 to 2021. In the present study, we estimate two hierarchical linear models to predict county-level death rates using mortality data by county of residence from January 2015 to December 2019. After fitting the models, we generate estimates of expected deaths for each month in the period from March 2020 to December 2021 and compare these estimates with the observed number of deaths to obtain counts of excess deaths. An estimated 936,911 excess deaths occurred during 2020 and 2021, of which 171,168 were not assigned to Covid-19 on death certificates. In the Far West, Great Lakes, Mideast, and New England, there was a substantial urban mortality disadvantage in 2020, which was reversed in 2021 to yield a rural mortality disadvantage. In the Southeast, Southwest, Rocky Mountain, and Plains regions, there was a rural mortality disadvantage in 2020, which was exacerbated in 2021. The proportion of excess deaths assigned to Covid-19 was lower in 2020 (76.3%) than in 2021 (87.0%), suggesting fewer Covid-19 deaths went unassigned later in the pandemic. However, in rural areas and in the Southeast and Southwest many excess deaths were still not assigned to Covid-19 during 2021.
Background: After establishing safety and immunogenicity of Biological Es CORBEVAX vaccine in adult population (18-80 years) in Phase 1-3 studies, vaccine is further tested in children and adolescents in this study. Methods: This is a phase-2/3 prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, study evaluating safety, reactogenicity, tolerability and immunogenicity of CORBEVAX vaccine in children and adolescents of either gender between 17 to 12 years of age in Phase-II and 17-5 years of age in Phase-III with placebo as a control. This study has two age sub groups; age subgroup-1 with subjects 17 to 12 years of age and age subgroup-2 with subjects 11 to 5 years of age. In both age sub groups eligible subjects (SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR negative and seronegative at baseline) were randomized to receive either CORBEVAX vaccine or Placebo in 3: 1 ratio. Findings: The safety profile of CORBEVAX vaccine in both pediatric cohorts was comparable to the placebo control group. Majority of reported adverse events (AEs) were mild in nature. No severe or serious AEs, medically attended AEs (MAAEs) or AEs of special interest (AESI) were reported during the study period and all the reported AEs resolved without any sequelae. In both pediatric age groups, CORBEVAX vaccinated subjects showed significant improvement in humoral immune-responses in terms of anti-RBD-IgG concentrations, anti-RBD-IgG1 titers, neutralizing antibody (nAb)-titers against Ancestral Wuhan and Delta strains. Significantly high interferon gamma immune response (cellular) was elicited by CORBEVAX vaccinated subjects with minimal effect on IL-4 cytokine secretion. Interpretations: The safety profile of CORBEVAX vaccine in 17 to 5 years children and adolescents was found to be safe and tolerable. The adverse event profile was also found to be acceptable. Significant increase in anti-RBD IgG and nAb titers and IFN-gamma immune responses were observed post vaccination in both pediatric age sub groups. Both humoral and cellular immune responses were found to be non-inferior to the immune responses induced by CORBEVAX vaccine in adult population. This study shows that CORBEVAX vaccine is highly immunogenic and can be safely administered to pediatric population as young as 5 years old.
As SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve, several variants of concern (VOCs) have arisen which are defined by multiple mutations in their spike proteins. These mutations have resulted in variable escape from antibody responses and the elicitation of qualitatively different antibody responses during infection. By studying plasma from individuals infected with either the original D614G, Beta or Delta variants, we showed that the Beta and Delta variants elicit antibody responses that are overall more cross-reactive than those triggered by D614G. Patterns of cross-reactivity varied, and the Beta and Delta variants did not elicit cross-reactive responses to each other. However, Beta-elicited plasma was highly cross-reactive against Delta plus (Delta+) which differs from Delta by a single K417N mutation in the receptor binding domain, suggesting the plasma response targets the N417 residue. To probe this further, we isolated monoclonal antibodies from a Beta-infected individual with plasma responses against Beta, Delta+ and Omicron, which all possess the N417 residue. We isolated a N417-dependent antibody, 084-7D, which showed similar neutralization breadth to the plasma. The 084-7D mAb utilized the IGHV32301 germline gene and had similar somatic hypermutations compared to previously described public antibodies which target the 417 residue. Thus, we have identified a novel antibody which targets a shared epitope found on three distinct VOCs. Understanding the antibody response towards escape mutations such as K417N, which repeatedly emerge through convergent evolution in SARS-CoV-2 variants, may aid in the development of next-generation antibody therapeutics and vaccines.
Background: Administration of plasma therapy may contribute to viral control and survival of COVID-19 patients receiving B-cell depleting agents that hinder the endogenous humoral response. However, little is known on the impact of anti-CD20 pre-exposition and the use of different sources of plasma (convalescent versus vaccinated) on the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and viral evolution after plasma therapy. Methods: Eligible COVID-19 patients (n = 36), half of them after anti-CD20 targeted therapy, were treated with therapeutic plasma from convalescent (n = 17) or mRNA-vaccinated (n = 19) donors. Each plasma-transfused patient was thoroughly monitored over time by anti-S IgG quantification and whole-genome SARS-CoV-2 sequencing. Results: The majority of anti-CD20 pre-exposed patients (15/18) showed progressive declines of anti-S protein IgG titers following plasma therapy, indicating that they mostly relied on the passive transfer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Such antibody kinetics correlated with prolonged infection before virus clearance, contrasting with the endogenous humoral response predominantly present in patients who had not received B-cell depleting agents (15/18). No relevant differences were observed between patients treated with plasma from convalescent and/or vaccinated donors. Finally, 4/30 genotyped patients showed increased intra-host viral evolution and 3/30 included 1 to 4 spike mutations, potentially associated to immune escape. Conclusions: Convalescent and/or vaccinated plasma therapy may provide anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and clinical benefit to B-cell depleted COVID-19 patients. Only a limited number of patients acquired viral mutations prior to clinical recovery, yet our study further emphasizes the need for long-term surveillance for intra-host variant evolution, to guide best therapeutic strategies.
The relative accumulated and daily characteristics of the COVID-19 pandemic dynamics in Africa were used to find links with the gross domestic product per capita (GDP), percentages of fully vaccinated people and daily numbers of tests per case. A simple statistical analysis of datasets corresponding to February 1, 2022 showed that accumulated and daily numbers of cases per capita, daily numbers of deaths per capita and vaccination levels increase with the increase of GDP. As in the case of Europe, the smoothed daily numbers of new cases per capita in Africa increase with the increasing of the vaccination level. But the increase of the accumulated numbers of cases and daily number of deaths with increasing the vaccination level was revealed in Africa. In comparison with Europe, no significant correlation was revealed between the vaccination level and the number of deaths per case. As in the case of Europe, African countries demonstrate no statistically significant links between the pandemic dynamics characteristics and the daily number of tests per case. It looks that countries with very small GDP are less affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The cause of this phenomenon requires further research, but it is possible that low incomes limit the mobility of the population and reduce the number of contacts with infected people. In order to overcome the pandemic, quarantine measures and social distance should not be neglected (this also applies to countries with a high level of income and vaccination).
Background COVID 19 infection has a similar clinical spectrum of disease presentation such as SARS and MERS in the past. These led to the assumption of the possibility to treat COVID 19 infection with antivirals which had been used to treat SARS and MERS. Methods A retrospective analysis was done on the data of SEV COVID Trial in symptomatic adult patients of COVID 19 infection with objectives to explore whether ribavirin antiviral combinations reduces the need of both noninvasive and invasive ventilators in treatment of COVID 19 infections. Results The patients were categorized as Cohort A consisting of 40 patients and Cohort B of 61 patients as Cohort A being the group of patients who received the standard therapy and Cohort B the group of patients who received the ribavirin combination therapy. Conclusion The study concluded that there was no statistically significant difference in regard to the need of noninvasive ventilation and invasive ventilation and also the development of multiorgan dysfunction in between the two Cohorts. Also, with progress of time, the proportion of patients with single organ dysfunctions in the two cohorts showed gradual recovery without any statistically significant differences.
An understanding of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants can inform pandemic response, vaccine development, disease epidemiology, and use of monoclonal antibody treatments. We developed custom assays targeting characteristic mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 and confirmed their sensitivity and specificity in silico and in vitro. We then applied these assays to daily wastewater solids samples from eight publicly owned treatment works in the greater Bay Area of California, USA, over four months to obtain a spatially and temporally intensive data set. We documented regional replacement of BA.1 with BA.2 in agreement with, and ahead of, clinical sequencing data. This study highlights the utility of wastewater surveillance for real time tracking of SARS-CoV-2 variant circulation.
Importance: The benefit of primary and booster vaccination in people who experienced prior SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unclear. Objective: To estimate the effectiveness of a primary (two-dose) and booster (third dose) vaccination against Omicron infection among previously infection people. Design: Test-negative case-control study. Setting: Yale New Haven Health System facilities serving southern Connecticut communities. Participants: Vaccine eligible people who received SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing between November 1, 2021, and January 31, 2022. Exposure: COVID-19 mRNA primary and booster vaccination. Main Outcomes and Measures: We conducted two analyses, each with an outcome of Omicron BA.1 variant infection (S-gene target failure defined) and each stratified by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection status. We estimated the effectiveness of primary vaccination during the period before and during booster eligibility (14-149 and ≥150 days, respectively, after 2nd dose) and of booster vaccination (≥14 days after booster dose). To test whether booster vaccination reduced the risk of infection beyond that of the primary series, we compared the odds among boosted and booster eligible people. Results: Overall, 10,676 cases and 119,397 controls were included (median age: cases: 35 years, controls: 39 years). Among cases and controls, 6.1% and 7.8% had a prior infection. The effectiveness of primary vaccination 14-149 days after 2nd dose was 36.1% (95% CI, 7.1-56.1%) and 28.5% (95% CI, 20.0-36.2%) for people with and without prior infection, respectively. The effectiveness of booster vaccination was 45.8% (95% CI, 20.0-63.2%) and 56.9% (95% CI, 52.1-61.2%) in people with and without prior infection, respectively. The odds ratio comparing boosted and booster eligible people with prior infection was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.56-1.23), whereas the odds ratio comparing boosted and booster eligible people without prior infection was 0.51 (95% CI, 0.46-0.56). Conclusions and Relevance: Primary vaccination provided significant but limited protection against Omicron BA.1 infection among people with and without prior infection. While booster vaccination was associated with additional protection in people without prior infection, it was not associated with additional protection among people with prior infection. These findings support primary vaccination in people regardless of prior infection status but suggest that infection history should be considered when evaluating the need for booster vaccination.
Background: While dialysis patients are at greater risk of serious SARS-CoV-2 complications, stringent infection prevention measures can help mitigate the risk of infection and transmission within dialysis facilities. We describe an outbreak of 14 cases diagnosed in a 13-day period between May and June of 2021 in a hospital-based ESRD facility, and our coordinated use of epidemiology, viral genome sequencing, and infection control practices to quickly end the cycle of transmission. Methods: Symptomatic patients and staff members were diagnosed via RT-PCR tests. Facility-wide screening was conducted using rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen tests. SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences were obtained from residual diagnostic PCR specimens. Results: Of the 106 patients who received dialysis in the facility, 10 were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection, as was one patient support person. Of three positive staff members, two were unvaccinated and had provided care for six and four of the affected patients, respectively. Sequencing demonstrated that all the cases in the cluster shared an identical B.1.1.7./Alpha substrain. Attack rates were greatest among unvaccinated patients and staff. Vaccine effectiveness was 88% among patients. Conclusions: Prompt recognition of an infection cluster and rapid intervention efforts successfully ended the outbreak. Alongside consistent adherence to core infection prevention measures, vaccination was highly effective in reducing disease incidence and morbidity in this vulnerable population.
Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 raised concerns about diminishing vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 caused by particular variants. Even with high initial efficacy, if a vaccine efficacy drops significantly against variants, or if it cannot be distributed quickly, it is uncertain whether the vaccine can provide better health outcomes than other vaccines. Hence, we evaluated the trade-offs between the speed of distribution vs. efficacy against infection of multiple vaccines when variants emerge by utilizing a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Deceased (SIR-D) model and assessing the level of infection attack rate (IAR). Our results show that speed is a key factor to a successful immunization strategy to control the COVID-19 pandemic even when the emerging variants may reduce the efficacy of a vaccine. Due to supply-chain challenges, the accessibility and distribution of the vaccines have been hindered in many regions, especially in low-income countries, while the second or third wave of the pandemic has occurred due to the variants. Understanding the tradeoffs between speed and efficacy and distributing vaccines that are available as quickly as possible are crucial to eradicate the pandemic before new variants spread.
Clinical Performance Evaluation of the Bio-Self™ COVID-19 Antigen Home Test - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Device: Bio-Self COVID-19 Antigen Home Test; Device: Standard of Care COVID-19 Test; Diagnostic Test: RT-PCR Test
Sponsors: BioTeke USA, LLC; CSSi Life Sciences
Not yet recruiting
Immunogenicity and Safety of Fractional Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccines Available for Use in Pakistan/Brazil: A Phase 4 Dose-optimizing Trial - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Biological: Sinovac; Biological: AZD1222; Biological: BNT162b2
Sponsors: Albert B. Sabin Vaccine Institute; Aga Khan University; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation; Stanford University
Not yet recruiting
Functional Capacity in Patients Post Mild COVID-19 - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Device: Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET)
Sponsor: Rambam Health Care Campus
Recruiting
Circuit Training Program in Post COVID-19 Patients - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Other: Circuit Training Exercise Program; Other: Aerobic Training Exercise Program
Sponsor: Riphah International University
Recruiting
A Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of a Recombinant Protein COVID-19 Vaccine as a Booster Dose in Population Aged 12-17 Years - Conditions: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Interventions: Biological: SCTV01E; Biological: mRNA-1273
Sponsor: Sinocelltech Ltd.
Not yet recruiting
A Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of Two Recombinant Protein COVID-19 Vaccines in Population Aged ≥18 Years as Booster Vaccines - Conditions: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Interventions: Biological: SCTV01C; Biological: SCTV01E; Biological: Sinopharm inactivated COVID-19 vaccine; Biological: mRNA-1273
Sponsor: Sinocelltech Ltd.
Not yet recruiting
A Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of a Recombinant Protein COVID-19 Vaccine in Population Aged ≥18 Years - Conditions: SARS-CoV-2 Infection; COVID-19
Interventions: Biological: SCTV01E; Biological: Comirnaty
Sponsor: Sinocelltech Ltd.
Not yet recruiting
Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of Ad5 COVID-19 Vaccines for Booster Use in Children Aged 6-17 Years. - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Biological: 1 Nebulized inhalation for booster groups; Biological: 2 Nebulized inhalation for booster groups; Biological: 3 Nebulized inhalation for booster groups; Biological: 4 Nebulized inhalation for booster groups; Biological: 5 Intramuscular injection for booster groups; Biological: 6 Intramuscular injection for booster groups; Biological: 7 Intramuscular injection for booster groups; Biological: 8 Intramuscular injection for booster groups; Biological: 9 Intramuscular injection for booster groups; Biological: 10 Intramuscular injection for booster groups; Biological: 11 Nebulized inhalation for booster groups; Biological: 12 Nebulized inhalation for booster groups; Biological: 13 Nebulized inhalation for booster groups; Biological: 14 Nebulized inhalation for booster groups; Biological: 15 Intramuscular injection for booster groups; Biological: 16 Intramuscular injection for booster groups; Biological: 17 Intramuscular injection for booster groups; Biological: 18 Intramuscular injection for booster groups; Biological: 19 Intramuscular injection for booster groups; Biological: 20 Intramuscular injection for booster groups; Biological: 21 Nebulized inhalation for primary groups; Biological: 22 Nebulized inhalation for primary groups; Biological: 23 Nebulized inhalation for primary groups; Biological: 24 Nebulized inhalation for primary groups
Sponsor:
Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital
Not yet recruiting
Immunogenicity and Safety Study of Recombinant Two-Component COVID-19 Vaccine (CHO Cell)(ReCOV) - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Biological: Recombinant two-component COVID-19 vaccine (CHO cell); Biological: COVID-19 Vaccine (Vero Cell), Inactivated
Sponsor: Jiangsu Rec- Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
Not yet recruiting
Immunogenicity，Safety and Cross - Immune Response With the Strains of the Booster Immunization Using an Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Biological: Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine
Sponsor: Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd.
Not yet recruiting
Aerobic Exercise and Covid-19 Survivors With Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (Pics) - Conditions: COVID-19; Post Intensive Care Syndrome
Interventions:
Other: Aerobic Exercise Training; Other: Home Plan
Sponsor: Riphah International University
Not yet recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of JT001 (VV116) Compared With Paxlovid - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Drug: JT001; Drug: Paxlovid
Sponsor:
Vigonvita Life Sciences
Recruiting
Interleukine 6 (IL6) Assay for Predicting Failure of Spontaneous Breathing in Patients With COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome - Condition: COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Interventions:
Biological: IL6 assessment; Biological: CRP and PCT assessment
Sponsor:
Centre Hospitalier Henri Duffaut - Avignon
Recruiting
A Single Arm Phase-IV Study to Determine Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of Delayed COVID-19 Vaccine Schedule in Children - Conditions: Vaccine Reaction; COVID-19; Children, Only
Intervention:
Biological: BNT162b2 Pfizer-BioNTech/Comirnaty
Sponsors: KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital; Duke- NUS Graduate Medical School
Recruiting
Use of Continuous Glucose Monitors in Coronavirus Disease 2019 ICU and Potential Inpatient Settings - Conditions: Covid19; Diabetes Mellitus
Intervention: Device: continuous glucose monitoring
Sponsor: Tanureet K Arora
Completed
Genome-wide CRISPR screens identify GATA6 as a proviral host factor for SARS-CoV-2 via modulation of ACE2 - The global spread of SARS-CoV-2 led to major economic and health challenges worldwide. Revealing host genes essential for infection by multiple variants of SARS-CoV-2 can provide insights into the virus pathogenesis, and facilitate the development of novel therapeutics. Here, employing a genome-scale CRISPR screen, we provide a comprehensive data-set of cellular factors that are exploited by wild type SARS-CoV-2 as well as two additional recently emerged variants of concerns (VOCs), Alpha and…
Transcriptional regulation and small compound targeting of ACE2 in lung epithelial cells - Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of COVID-19 pathogen SARS-CoV-2, but the transcription factors (TFs) that regulate the expression of the gene encoding ACE2 (ACE2) have not been systematically dissected. In this study we evaluated TFs that control ACE2 expression, and screened for small molecule compounds that could modulate ACE2 expression to block SARS-CoV-2 from entry into lung epithelial cells. By searching the online datasets we found that 24 TFs might be ACE2…
SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses in elderly and immunosuppressed participants and patients with hematologic disease or checkpoint inhibition in solid tumors: study protocol of the prospective, observational CoCo immune study - BACKGROUND: Immunocompromised people (ICP) and elderly individuals (older than 80 years) are at increased risk for severe coronavirus infections. To protect against serious infection with SARS-CoV-2, ICP are taking precautions that may include a reduction of social contacts and participation in activities which they normally enjoy. Furthermore, for these people, there is an uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of the vaccination. The COVID-19 Contact (CoCo) Immune study strives to…
Berbamine hydrochloride potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection by blocking S protein-mediated membrane fusion - COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has posed a significant threat to global public health since its outbreak in late 2019. Although there are a few drugs approved for clinical treatment to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection currently, the severity of the ongoing global pandemic still urges the efforts to discover new antiviral compounds. As the viral spike (S) protein plays a key role in mediating virus entry, it becomes a potential target for the design of antiviral drugs against COVID-19. Here, we tested…
Brominated Carbazole with Antibiotic Adjuvant Activity Displays Pleiotropic Effects in MRSA’s Transcriptome - Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major threat to human health, as the US mortality rate outweighs those from HIV, tuberculosis, and viral hepatitis combined. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections acquired during hospital stays have increased. Antibiotic adjuvants are a key strategy to combat these bacteria. We have evaluated several small molecule antibiotic adjuvants that have strong potentiation with β-lactam antibiotics and are…
Evaluation of phytoconstituents of Tinospora cordifolia against K417N and N501Y mutant spike glycoprotein and main protease of SARS-CoV-2- an in silico study - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused appalling conditions over the globe, which is currently faced by the entire human population. One of the primary reasons behind the uncontrollable situation is the lack of specific therapeutics. In such conditions, drug repurposing of available drugs (viz. Chloroquine, Lopinavir, etc.) has been proposed, but various clinical and preclinical investigations indicated the toxicity and adverse side effects of these drugs. This study explores the inhibition…
Hesperetin and the PI3K/AKT pathway: Could their interaction play a role in the entry and replication of the SARS- CoV-2? - Hesperetin, mainly found in citrus honey, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. Recently, the effect of hesperetin on different aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection such as viral entry, replication, and inflammatory responses has attracted a lot of attention. However, the exact molecular mechanism for its effects on SARS-CoV-2 infection is not stated. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is an intracellular pathway involved in cell proliferation, protein synthesis, and response to…
Design, synthesis and characterization of novel Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes as antivirus drug candidates against SARS-CoV-2 and HIV virus - This paper describes the structure-based design, synthesis and anti-virus effect of two new coordination complexes, a Ni(II) complex [Ni(L)(2)] (1) and a Cu(II) complex [Cu(L)(2)] (2) of (E)-N-phenyl-2-(thiophen-2-ylmethylene) hydrazine-1-carbothioamide(HL). The synthesized ligand was coordinated to metal ions through the bidentate-N, S donor atoms. The newly synthesized complexes were characterized by various spectroscopic and physiochemical methods, powdered XRD analysis and also X-ray…
Persistent Lung Injury and Prothrombotic State in Long COVID - Lung injury may persist during the recovery period of COVID-19 as shown through imaging, six-minute walk, and lung function tests. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to long COVID have not been adequately explained. Our aim is to investigate the basis of pulmonary susceptibility during sequelae and the possibility that prothrombotic states may influence long-term pulmonary symptoms of COVID-19. The patient’s lungs remain vulnerable during the recovery stage due to persistent shedding of…
Current Knowledge on Infectious Bronchitis Virus Non-structural Proteins: The Bearer for Achieving Immune Evasion Function - Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the first coronavirus discovered in the world, which is also the prototype of gamma-coronaviruses. Nowadays, IBV is widespread all over the world and has become one of the causative agent causing severe economic losses in poultry industry. Generally, it is believed that the viral replication and immune evasion functions of IBV were modulated by non-structural and accessory proteins, which were also considered as the causes for its pathogenicity. In this…
Tryptophan Metabolism and COVID-19-Induced Skeletal Muscle Damage: Is ACE2 a Key Regulator? - The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by systemic damage to organs, including skeletal muscle, due to excessive secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Clinical studies have suggested that the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism is selectively enhanced in patients with severe COVID-19. In addition to acting as a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the causative virus of COVID-19, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) contributes to…
Quantum dots against SARS-CoV-2: diagnostic and therapeutic potentials - The application of quantum dots (QDs) for detecting and treating various types of coronaviruses is very promising, as their low toxicity and high surface performance make them superior among other nanomaterials; in conjugation with fluorescent probes they are promising semiconductor nanomaterials for the detection of various cellular processes and viral infections. In view of the successful results for inhibiting SARS-CoV-2, functional QDs could serve eminent role in the growth of safe…
Social control and solidarity during the COVID-19 pandemic: The direct and indirect effects of causal attribution of insufficient compliance through perceived anomie - The COVID-19 pandemic is a crisis which called for two crucial modes of social regulation: social control and social solidarity. In the present pre-registered study, we examine how the perceived non-compliance with health measures relates to attitudes towards these modes of social regulation, as well as to the role played by the perception of disintegrated and disregulated society (anomie). Using data from an online cross-sectional survey conducted in Belgium in April 2020 (N = 717), results…
Peptide-Based Vaccines and Therapeutics for COVID-19 - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been prevalent in the humans since 2019 and has given rise to a pandemic situation. With the discovery and ongoing use of drugs and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, there is still no surety of its complete suppression of this disease or if there is a need for additional booster doses. There is an urgent need for alternative treatment strategies against COVID-19. Peptides and peptidomimetics have several advantages as therapeutic agents…
The direct and indirect effects of bioactive compounds against coronavirus - Emerging viruses are known to pose a threat to humans in the world. COVID-19, a newly emerging viral respiratory disease, can spread quickly from people to people via respiratory droplets, cough, sneeze, or exhale. Up to now, there are no specific therapies found for the treatment of COVID-19. In this sense, the rising demand for effective antiviral drugs is stressed. The main goal of the present study is to cover the current literature about bioactive compounds (e.g., polyphenols,…
SYSTEM FOR MONITORING COVID-19 PATIENTS USING A VIRTUAL TELEPRESENCE ROBOT - Attached Separately - link
MASCARA FACIAL PARA LA INHALACION DE SUBSTANCIAS NEBULIZADAS, CON SISTEMA DE ASPIRACION INCORPORADO - - link
MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE TO ANALYZE THE WORK PRESSURE OF PARAMEDICAL STAFF DURING COVID 19 - Machine learning technique to analyse the work pressure of paramedical staff during covid 19 is the proposed invention that focuses on identifying the stress levels of paramedical staff. The invention focuses on analysing the level of stress that is induced on the paramedical staff especially during pandemic. - link
一种吡咯烷酮中间体的合成方法 - 本发明涉及药物中间体合成技术领域，尤其是一种吡咯烷酮中间体的合成方法，包括以下步骤：化合物1溶液和有机锂试剂溶液泵入连续反应器，反应生成锂氢交换中间体，再泵入卤代乙腈与中间态发生反应生成化合物2；化合物2用固定床反应装置内进行氢化反应，后处理得到化合物3；将化合物3的溶液和氨水溶液泵入连续反应器生成酰胺化合物4；化合物4和脱水剂使用恒流泵泵入连续化反应器，生成化合物5或其氨基上有保护基的中间体；应用串联连续反应技术，将传统釜式数步反应改进为连续化工艺，解决了传统釜式反应的放大效应问题，降低了含金属试剂以及高压氢化等危险反应的安全风险进而避免了超低温反应釜和高压氢化釜等设备，提高了生产效率。 - link
一株表达新冠病毒S1蛋白单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞系及中和活性抗体 - 本发明属于细胞工程与免疫学领域，具体涉及一株表达新冠病毒S1蛋白单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞系及中和活性抗体。本发明筛选获得一株能高效稳定分泌表达新冠病毒S1蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞系以及其分泌的新冠病毒S1蛋白单克隆抗体；利用普通细胞培养皿培养本发明的重组杂交瘤细胞系，产量可达10mg/L，且纯度能达90%以上；本发明的单抗具有高中和活性，单抗浓度为0.00103μg/mL时即可抑制50％以上新冠假病毒活性，是目前所报告的新冠单抗中和活性最佳的。本发明提供的杂交瘤细胞系或单克隆抗体在新冠病毒的血清学检测、制备新冠病毒感染的试剂或药物及制备新冠病毒抗原或抗体检测的试剂中具有重要的应用价值。 - link
基于SARS-CoV-2的S蛋白的疫苗及其用途 - 本公开提供了基于SARS‑CoV‑2的S蛋白的疫苗及其用途，并具体涉及重组SARS‑CoV‑2刺突蛋白(S蛋白)及编码其的mRNA和DNA。本公开还涉及包含编码重组S蛋白的DNA序列的重组质粒。本公开的重组质粒经转录得到mRNA，其包含SEQ ID NO.12所示的序列。本公开进一步涉及包含前述mRNA的mRNA‑载体颗粒例如脂质纳米颗粒(LNP)和组合物例如疫苗组合物。 - link
CBD Covid 19 Protection - - link
一种双价可电离脂质化合物、组合物及其应用 - 本发明涉及核酸药物递送技术领域，特别是关于一种双价可电离脂质化合物、组合物及其应用。本发明提供多种可以递送核酸药物的可电离阳离子脂质，具备较强的可设计性、可生物降解性及高效的体内外转染效率，由其组成的脂质纳米递送系统用于递送mRNA，在细胞水平上，优于目前上市的产品，并且在动物水平也具有良好的递送效率，可以作为核酸药物的递送新的方法，促进核酸药物的发展。 - link
一种双价可电离脂质化合物、组合物及其应用 - 本发明涉及核酸药物递送技术领域，特别是关于一种双价可电离脂质化合物、组合物及其应用。本发明提供多种可以递送核酸药物的可电离阳离子脂质，具备较强的可设计性、可生物降解性及高效的体内外转染效率，由其组成的脂质纳米递送系统用于递送mRNA，在细胞水平上，优于目前上市的产品，并且在动物水平也具有良好的递送效率，可以作为核酸药物的递送新的方法，促进核酸药物的发展。 - link
新冠肺炎CT图像分割方法及终端设备 - 本发明公开了一种新冠肺炎CT图像分割方法及终端设备，方法包括获取待分割新冠肺炎CT图像；将该图像输入至训练好的分割模型中，得到新冠肺炎病灶区域的图像；其中分割模型包括依次连接的多个下采样模块和下采样模块对应的上采样模块；每个采样模块均包括依次连接的第一提取单元和第二提取单元；上述两个提取单元的卷积模块均为结构重参数化卷积模块。本发明的结构重参数化卷积模块为训练时使用多分支结构，加强模型表达能力，推理时使用单路结构，加快推理速度，快速得出诊断结果。同时，为从不同尺度特征图中学习分层表示，加强模型对图像边缘信息提取，并使梯度更快回流，上采样每一侧输出都连接混合损失函数，实现图像的像素级分割。 - link