Covid-19 Sentry

Contents

• From Preprints
• From Clinical Trials
• From PubMed
• From Patent Search

From Preprints

• Joko Widodo Views on Women’s Interests Before and During the Pandemic Based on Social-Media -
  The COVID-19 Pandemic has had many impacts on Indonesian women. As one of the pilot countries for the HeForShe project campaigned by UN Women, it is interesting to analyze how the President of Indonesia responds to this phenomenon. Many studies focus on the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on women. But, there is a lack of research on how the government responds to women’s interests during the Pandemic compared to the situation before the Pandemic. Using a qualitative approach, this study analyses how the President of Indonesia views women’s interests before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Two official social-media of the President of Republic Indonesia Joko Widodo: The Official Twitter Account of the President of Indonesia @jokowi and The Official Facebook Account of The President of Indonesia @Jokowi · Minat are used as the primary data sources. The findings indicate that before the COVID-19 Pandemic, President Joko Widodo gave significant attention to strategic women’s interests such as subordination and gender equality. But the situation changed during the Pandemic. The President views the fulfillment of daily needs such as food and health as more urgent for women in the COVID-19 Pandemic than strategic interests. This study highlights that in a crisis, the focus of the government policy is safe for the people first (women and men) to fulfill their basic needs. The gender equality agenda is becoming marginalized.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Joko Widodo Views on Women’s Interests Before and During the Pandemic Based on Social-Media
• The Effect of Chairobic Dance Program on Cardiorespiratory Endurance in Faculty of Education Staff, Thaksin University -
  The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all aspects of daily life, especially exercise, where restrictions on location, time, and work can make exercise even more difficult. Hence, this study aims to create a Chairobic dance program dancing with a chair that uses few spaces, able to sit and dance in your chair. It was developed from the aerobics dance. In addition, to compare the effect of the Chairobic dance program on Cardiorespiratory endurance before and after training. The target group is 24 staff of the Faculty of Education at Thaksin University. The participants were trained through a Chairobic dance program created by the researcher for eight weeks (3 days/week, i.e., Monday, Wednesday, and Friday). They have to practice 45 minutes a day after work. The Cardiorespiratory endurance was tested using a 3-minute knee-up and down test and compared before and after eight weeks of training by the Pair t-test statistics. The results showed that in the Chairobic dance program created by the researcher, there is an IOC (Index of Item-Objective Congruence) in the range of 0.6 -1.00, which is acceptable and usable. In addition, the target group had better Cardiorespiratory endurance than before training. Therefore, It will be helpful for anyone interested in an alternative to exercise. This is because it takes up less space, is convenient to exercise, fun, and can develop Cardiorespiratory endurance.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: The Effect of Chairobic Dance Program on Cardiorespiratory Endurance in Faculty of Education Staff, Thaksin University
• Did the pandemic increase social media-induced appearance pressures? A longitudinal analysis of social media caused appearance-related pressures before and during the Covid-19 pandemic -
  Has the use of social media intensified and increased appearance-related pressures during the Covid-19 pandemic? A growing body of research has suggested that body image concerns and disordered eating have increased during the Covid-19 pandemic. One of the potential pathways includes an increase in social media use. However, examinations of this pathway have been limited because of the lack of longitudinal data. Drawing on a four-wave population-based survey, we demonstrate that social media-based appearance pressures did not increase at the beginning of the pandemic, but rather at the later stage, and among women only. However, the changes in social media use do not explain this subtle increase. These findings suggest that other pathways than intensified use of social media might be more useful in explaining increased appearance-related pressures during the Covid-19 pandemic.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Did the pandemic increase social media-induced appearance pressures? A longitudinal analysis of social media caused appearance-related pressures before and during the Covid-19 pandemic
• Coping with Covid 19 lockdown: Optimism and Intolerance of Uncertainty in India -
  Background: Kerala state in India has been hailed as an exceptional model in containing the Covid 19 pandemic within a low resource setting Insights from such a setting are valuable for mental health research during an epidemic situation, especially for resource poor countries. Aims:The study examined the relationship between optimism intolerance of uncertainty (IU), and socio- demographic factors among participants from Kerala, India. Methods: An observational design was used and data was collected using online survey. Snowball sampling method was employed. Sample consisted of 121 adults belonging to Kerala. Standardised tools and customised questionnaire were used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. Results: A strong relationship existed between inhibitory anxiety and optimism. Socio-demographic factors did not determine either intolerance of uncertainty or optimism. The unprecedented uncertainty brought about by the pandemic needs further exploration. Conclusions: The present pandemic has presented an unprecedented situation regarding well being of individuals. Further studies on anxiety and related issues, and protective factors during situations of uncertainty are needed for policy and practice related to community level disaster preparedness.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Coping with Covid 19 lockdown: Optimism and Intolerance of Uncertainty in India
• Laboratory evaluation of a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC)-based antimicrobial coating used in public transport during the COVID-19 pandemic -
  The virucidal activity of a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC)-based antimicrobial coating used by the UK rail industry during the COVID-19 pandemic was evaluated using the bacteriophage {Phi}6 as a surrogate for SARS-CoV-2. Immediately after application and in the absence of interfering substance, the product showed efficacy (>3 log10 reduction) on some materials typically used in rail carriages (stainless steel, high pressure laminate and plastic), variable efficacy on glass and no efficacy (<3 log10 reduction) on a train armrest made of Terluran 22. If, after application of the product, the surfaces remained undisturbed, the antimicrobial coating retained its efficacy for at least 28 days on all materials where it was effective immediately after application. However, regardless of the material coated or time since application, the presence of organic debris (fetal bovine serum) significantly reduced the viricidal activity of the coating. Wiping the surface with a wetted cloth after organic debris deposition was not sufficient to restore efficacy. We conclude that the product is likely to be of limited effectiveness in a busy multi-user environment such as public transport.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Laboratory evaluation of a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC)-based antimicrobial coating used in public transport during the COVID-19 pandemic
• SARS-CoV-2 infection in domestic rats after transmission from their infected owner -
  We report the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant from a COVID-19 symptomatic individual to two domestic rats, one of which developed severe symptoms. Omicron carries several mutations which permit rodent infection. This report demonstrates that pet, and likely wild, rodents could therefore contribute to SARS-CoV-2 spread and evolution.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: SARS-CoV-2 infection in domestic rats after transmission from their infected owner
• Combination of the parent analogue of Remdesivir (GS-441524) and Molnupiravir results in a markedly potent antiviral effect in SARS-CoV-2 infected Syrian hamsters -
  Remdesivir was the first drug to be approved for the treatment of severe COVID-19; followed by molnupiravir (another prodrug of a nucleoside analogue) and the protease inhibitor nirmatrelvir. Combination of antiviral drugs may result in improved potency and help to avoid or delay the development of resistant variants. We set out to explore the combined antiviral potency of GS-441524 (the parent nucleoside of remdesivir) and molnupiravir against SARS-CoV-2. In SARS-CoV-2 (BA.5) infected A549-Dual hACE2-TMPRSS2 cells, the combination resulted in an overall additive antiviral effect with a synergism at certain concentrations. Next, the combined effect was explored in Syrian hamsters infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Beta, B.1.351); treatment was started at the time of infection and continued twice daily for four consecutive days. At 4 day 4 post-infection, GS-441524 (50 mg/kg, oral BID) and molnupiravir (150 mg/kg, oral BID) as monotherapy reduced infectious viral loads by 0.5 and 1.6 log10, respectively, compared to the vehicle control. When GS-441524 (50 mg/kg, BID) and molnupiravir (150 mg/kg, BID) were combined, infectious virus was no longer detectable in the lungs of 7 out of 10 of the treated hamsters (4.0 log10 reduction) and titers in the other animals were reduced by ~2 log10. The combined antiviral activity of molnupiravir which acts by inducing lethal mutagenesis and GS-441524, which acts as a chain termination appears to be highly effective in reducing SARS-CoV-2 replication/infectivity. The unexpected potent antiviral effect of the combination warrants further exploration as a potential treatment for COVID-19.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Combination of the parent analogue of Remdesivir (GS-441524) and Molnupiravir results in a markedly potent antiviral effect in SARS-CoV-2 infected Syrian hamsters
• Reduction of RBD Binding Affinity to Glycosylated ACE2 is Entropic in Origin -
  The spike protein in the virus SARS-CoV-2 (the causative agent of COVID-19) recognizes the host cell by binding to the peptidase domain (PD) of the extracellular enzyme Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). A variety of carbohydrates could be attached to the six asparagines in the PD, resulting in a heterogeneous population of ACE2 glycoforms. Experiments have shown that the binding affinity of glycosylated and deglycosylated ACE2 to the virus is virtually identical. In most cases, the reduction in glycan size correlates with stronger binding, which suggests that volume exclusion, and hence entropic forces, determine the binding affinity. Here, we quantitatively test the entropy-based hypothesis by developing a lattice model for the complex between ACE2 and the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein Receptor-binding Domain (RBD). Glycans are treated as branched polymers with only volume exclusion, which we justify using all atom molecular dynamics simulations in explicit water. We show that the experimentally measured changes in the ACE2-RBD dissociation constants for a variety of engineered ACE2 glycoforms are well accounted for by our theory, thus affirming that ACE2 glycans have only a weak, entropic effect on RBD binding.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Reduction of RBD Binding Affinity to Glycosylated ACE2 is Entropic in Origin
• A pseudovirus system enables deep mutational scanning of the full SARS-CoV-2 spike -
  A major challenge in understanding SARS-CoV-2 evolution is interpreting the antigenic and functional effects of emerging mutations in the viral spike protein. Here we describe a new deep mutational scanning platform based on non-replicative pseudotyped lentiviruses that directly quantifies how large numbers of spike mutations impact antibody neutralization and pseudovirus infection. We demonstrate this new platform by making libraries of the Omicron BA.1 and Delta spikes. These libraries each contain ~7000 distinct amino-acid mutations in the context of up to ~135,000 unique mutation combinations. We use these libraries to map escape mutations from neutralizing antibodies targeting the receptor binding domain, N-terminal domain, and S2 subunit of spike. Overall, this work establishes a high-throughput and safe approach to measure how ~‘10 to the 5’ combinations of mutations affect antibody neutralization and spike-mediated infection. Notably, the platform described here can be extended to the entry proteins of many other viruses.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: A pseudovirus system enables deep mutational scanning of the full SARS-CoV-2 spike
• Utility of human judgment ensembles during times of pandemic uncertainty: A case study during the COVID-19 Omicron BA.1 wave in the USA -

  Responding to a rapidly evolving pandemic like COVID-19 is challenging, and involves anticipating novel variants, vaccine uptake, and behavioral adaptations. Human judgment systems can complement computational models by providing valuable real-time forecasts. We report findings from a study conducted on Metaculus, a community forecasting platform, in partnership with the Virginia Department of Health, involving six rounds of forecasting during the Omicron BA.1 wave in the United States from November 2021 to March 2022. We received 8355 probabilistic predictions from 129 unique users across 60 questions pertaining to cases, hospitalizations, vaccine uptake, and peak/trough activity. We observed that the case forecasts performed on par with national multi-model ensembles and the vaccine uptake forecasts were more robust and accurate compared to baseline models. We also identified qualitative shifts in Omicron BA.1 wave prognosis during the surge phase, demonstrating rapid adaptation of such systems. Finally, we found that community estimates of variant characteristics such as growth rate and timing of dominance were in line with the scientific consensus. The observed accuracy, timeliness, and scope of such systems demonstrates the value of incorporating them into pandemic policymaking workflows.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Utility of human judgment ensembles during times of pandemic uncertainty: A case study during the COVID-19 Omicron BA.1 wave in the USA
• Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody containing plasma improves outcome in patients with hematologic or solid cancer and severe COVID-19 via increased neutralizing antibody activity. A randomized clinical trial -

  Cancer patients are at high risk of severe COVID-19 with high morbidity and mortality. Further, impaired humoral response renders SARS-CoV-2 vaccines less effective and treatment options are scarce. Randomized trials using convalescent plasma are missing for high-risk patients. Here, we performed a multicenter trial (https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-001632-10/DE) in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 within four risk groups (1, cancer; 2, immunosuppression; 3, lab-based risk factors; 4, advanced age) randomized to standard of care (CONTROL) or standard of care plus convalescent/vaccinated anti-SARS-CoV-2 plasma (PLASMA). For the four groups combined, PLASMA did not improve clinically compared to CONTROL (HR 1.29; p=0.205). However, cancer patients experienced shortened median time to improvement (HR 2.50, p=0.003) and superior survival in PLASMA vs. CONTROL (HR 0.28; p=0.042). Neutralizing antibody activity increased in PLASMA but not in CONTROL cancer patients (p=0.001). Taken together, convalescent/vaccinated plasma may improve COVID-19 outcome in cancer patients unable to intrinsically generate an adequate immune response.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody containing plasma improves outcome in patients with hematologic or solid cancer and severe COVID-19 via increased neutralizing antibody activity. A randomized clinical trial
• High titers of infectious SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 corpses -

  Background: The prolonged presence of infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in deceased coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients has been reported. However, infectious virus titers have not been determined. Such information is important for public health, death investigation, and handling corpses. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the level of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in COVID-19 corpses. Methods: We collected 11 nasopharyngeal swabs and 19 lung tissue specimens from 11 autopsy cases with COVID-19 in 2021. We then investigated the viral genomic copy number by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and infectious titers by cell culture and virus isolation. Results: Infectious virus was present in 6 of 11 (55%) cases, 4 of 11 (36%) nasopharyngeal swabs, and 9 of 19 (47%) lung specimens. The virus titers ranged from 6.00E + 01 plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL to 2.09E + 06 PFU/g. In all cases in which an infectious virus was found, the time from death to discovery was within 1 day and the longest postmortem interval was 13 days. Conclusion: COVID-19 corpses may have high titers of infectious virus after a long postmortem interval (up to 13 days). Therefore, appropriate infection control measures must be taken when handling corpses.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: High titers of infectious SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 corpses
• Evaluating an epidemiologically motivated surrogate model of a multi-model ensemble -

  Multi-model and multi-team ensemble forecasts have become widely used to generate reliable short-term predictions of infectious disease spread. Notably, various public health agencies have used them to leverage academic disease modelling during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, ensemble forecasts are difficult to interpret and require extensive effort from numerous participating groups as well as a coordination team. In other fields, resource usage has been reduced by training simplified models that reproduce some of the observed behaviour of more complex models. Here we used observations of the behaviour of the European COVID-19 Forecast Hub ensemble combined with our own forecasting experience to identify a set of properties present in current ensemble forecasts. We then developed a parsimonious forecast model intending to mirror these properties. We assess forecasts generated from this model in real time over six months (the 15th of January 2022 to the 19th o July 2022) and for multiple European countries. We focused on forecasts of cases one to four weeks ahead and compared them to those by the European forecast hub ensemble. We find that the surrogate model behaves qualitatively similarly to the ensemble in many instances, though with increased uncertainty and poorer performance around periods of peak incidence (as measured by the Weighted Interval Score). The performance differences, however, seem to be partially due to a subset of time points, and the proposed model appears better probabilistically calibrated than the ensemble. We conclude that our simplified forecast model may have captured some of the dynamics of the hub ensemble, but more work is needed to understand the implicit epidemiological model that it represents.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Evaluating an epidemiologically motivated surrogate model of a multi-model ensemble
• Age-stratified infection fatality rate of COVID-19 in the non-elderly informed from pre-vaccination national seroprevalence studies -

  The infection fatality rate (IFR) of COVID-19 among non-elderly people in the absence of vaccination or prior infection is important to estimate accurately, since 94% of the global population is younger than 70 years and 86% is younger than 60 years. In systematic searches in SeroTracker and PubMed (protocol: https://osf.io/xvupr), we identified 40 eligible national seroprevalence studies covering 38 countries with pre-vaccination seroprevalence data. For 29 countries (24 high-income, 5 others), publicly available age-stratified COVID-19 death data and age-stratified seroprevalence information were available and were included in the primary analysis. The IFRs had a median of 0.035% (interquartile range (IQR) 0.013 - 0.056%) for the 0-59 years old population, and 0.095% (IQR 0.036 - 0.125%,) for the 0-69 years old. The median IFR was 0.0003% at 0-19 years, 0.003% at 20-29 years, 0.011% at 30-39 years, 0.035% at 40-49 years, 0.129% at 50-59 years, and 0.501% at 60-69 years. Including data from another 9 countries with imputed age distribution of COVID-19 deaths yielded median IFR of 0.025-0.032% for 0-59 years and 0.063-0.082% for 0-69 years. Meta-regression analyses also suggested global IFR of 0.03% and 0.07%, respectively in these age groups. The current analysis suggests a much lower pre-vaccination IFR in non-elderly populations than previously suggested. Large differences did exist between countries and may reflect differences in comorbidities and other factors. These estimates provide a baseline from which to fathom further IFR declines with the widespread use of vaccination, prior infections, and evolution of new variants.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Age-stratified infection fatality rate of COVID-19 in the non-elderly informed from pre-vaccination national seroprevalence studies
• Impact of COVID-19 on mortality in coastal Kenya: a longitudinal open cohort study -

  Background: There is uncertainty about the mortality impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa because of poor ascertainment of cases and limited national civil vital registration. We analysed excess mortality from 1st January 2020-5th May 2022 in a Health and Demographic Surveillance Study in Coastal Kenya where the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence reached 75% among adults in March 2022 despite vaccine uptake of only 17%. Methods: We modelled expected mortality in 2020-2022 among a population of 306,000 from baseline surveillance data between 2010-2019. We calculated excess mortality as the ratio of observed/expected deaths in 5 age strata for each month and for each national wave of the pandemic. We estimated cumulative mortality risks as the total number of excess deaths in the pandemic per 100,000 population. We investigated observed deaths using verbal autopsy. Findings: We observed 16,236 deaths among 3,410,800 person years between 1st January 2010 and 5th May 2022. Across 5 waves of COVID-19 cases during 1st April 2020-16th April 2022, population excess mortality was 4.1% (95% PI -0.2%, 7.9%). Mortality was elevated among those aged ≥65 years at 14.3% (95% PI 7.4%, 21.6%); excess deaths coincided with wave 2 (wild-type), wave 4 (Delta) and wave 5 (Omicron BA1). Among children aged 1-14 years there was negative excess mortality of -20.3% (95% PI -29.8%, -8.1%). Verbal autopsy data showed a transient reduction in deaths from acute respiratory infections in 2020 at all ages. For comparison with other studies, cumulative excess mortality risk for January 2020-December 2021, age-standardized to the Kenyan population, was 47.5/100,000. Interpretation: Net excess mortality during the pandemic was substantially lower in Coastal Kenya than in many high income countries. However, adults, aged ≥65 years, experienced substantial excess mortality suggesting that targeted COVID-19 vaccination of older persons may limit further COVID-19 deaths by protecting the residual pool of naive individuals.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Impact of COVID-19 on mortality in coastal Kenya: a longitudinal open cohort study

From Clinical Trials

• A Study to Learn About a Repeat 5-Day Treatment With the Study Medicines (Called Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir) in People 12 Years Old or Older With Return of COVID-19 Symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 Positivity After Finishing Treatment With Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Drug: nirmatrelvir;   Drug: ritonavir;   Drug: placebo for nirmatrelvir
  Sponsor:   Pfizer
  Not yet recruiting

• Recombinant Omicron-Delta COVID-19 Vaccine (CHO Cell) - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Biological: Recombinant Omicron-Delta COVID-19 Vaccine (CHO Cell);   Biological: Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (Vero Cell)
  Sponsors:   Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biologic Pharmacy Co., Ltd.;   First Affiliated Hospital Bengbu Medical College
  Active, not recruiting

• A Phase III Study to Evaluate Immunogenicity and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccine EuCorVac-19 in Healthy Adults - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Biological: EuCorVac-19;   Biological: ChAdOx1
  Sponsor:   EuBiologics Co.,Ltd
  Recruiting

• Study Evaluating Diltiazem in Combination With Standard Treatment in the Management of Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Pneumonia - Condition:   COVID-19
  Intervention:   Drug: DILTIAZEM TEVA 60 mg or placebo
  Sponsors:   Hospices Civils de Lyon;   Signia Therapeutics
  Not yet recruiting

• VAX-MOM COVID-19: Increasing Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination - Conditions:   Immunization; Infection;   Pregnancy Related;   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Behavioral: VAX-MOM COVID-19 Intervention;   Other: Standard of Care
  Sponsors:   University of Rochester;   Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;   University of California, Los Angeles
  Not yet recruiting

• COVID-19 Simulation Education on Nursing Students - Conditions:   COVID-19 Pandemic;   Simulation of Physical Illness
  Interventions:   Behavioral: Simulation training;   Other: Control Group
  Sponsor:   Mehmet Akif Ersoy University
  Completed

• COVID-19 Booster Dose Reminder/Recall for Adolescents - Condition:   COVID-19 Vaccines
  Intervention:   Behavioral: Reminder/Recall Sent Via Preferred Method of Communication
  Sponsor:   Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation
  Active, not recruiting

• Safety and Immunogenicity of AdCLD-CoV19-1 OMI as a Booster: A SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Preventive Vaccine - Conditions:   COVID-19;   Vaccines
  Interventions:   Biological: AdCLD-CoV19-1 OMI (Part A);   Biological: AdCLD-CoV19-1 OMI (Part B);   Other: Placebo (Part B)
  Sponsor:   Cellid Co., Ltd.
  Active, not recruiting

• The Effect of Different Masks Used by Pregnant Women on Vital Signs and Non Stress Test During The COVID-19 - Conditions:   Covid-19;   Pregnant;   Fetus;   Mask
  Intervention:   Behavioral: Single surgical mask group, Double surgical mask group, N95 mask group
  Sponsor:   Bozok University
  Completed

• Personalized Computerized Training Program for Cognitive Dysfunction After COVID-19 - Conditions:   Post-Acute COVID-19;   Long COVID
  Intervention:   Device: CogniFit’s CCT Post COVID-19
  Sponsor:   Universidad Antonio de Nebrija
  Completed

• Understanding the Impact of Death Conditions Linked to the COVID-19 Crisis on the Grieving Process in Bereaved Families - Condition:   Psychological Disorder
  Intervention:   Other: Qualitative research interview
  Sponsor:   Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
  Not yet recruiting

• Efficacy of the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP) in People With Post Covid-19 Condition. - Conditions:   Emotional Disorder;   Post COVID-19 Condition;   Anxiety Disorders;   Depressive Disorder
  Intervention:   Behavioral: Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders
  Sponsor:   Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón
  Not yet recruiting

• Sequential Enhanced Safety Study of a Novel Coronavirus Messenger RNA (mRNA) Vaccine in Adults Aged 18 Years and Older. - Condition:   Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)
  Intervention:   Biological: 0.3ml of mRNA vaccine
  Sponsor:   Yu Qin
  Enrolling by invitation

• Impact of Teeth Brushing in Ventilated COVID-19 Patients. - Conditions:   Microbial Colonization;   COVID-19 Respiratory Infection;   Dysbiosis;   VAP - Ventilator Associated Pneumonia;   HAI
  Intervention:   Procedure: Oral Procedure
  Sponsor:   University Hospital in Krakow
  Completed

• Physiology of Long COVID and the Impact of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation on Quality-of-Life and Functional Capacity - Condition:   Post-acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
  Intervention:   Behavioral: Exercise
  Sponsor:   University of Colorado, Denver
  Not yet recruiting

From PubMed

• Intradermal Testing With COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines Predicts Tolerance - CONCLUSION: Sensitization to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines can be detected with intradermal testing. Significantly more individuals were sensitized to mRNA vaccines in the post-vaccination cohort. A two-step 10-90%-vaccination protocol can be safely administered upon negative skin testing.

• Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 helicase at single-nucleotide resolution - The genome of SARS-CoV-2 encodes for a helicase called nsp13 that is essential for viral replication and highly conserved across related viruses, making it an attractive antiviral target. Here we use nanopore tweezers, a high-resolution single-molecule technique, to gain detailed insight into how nsp13 turns ATP-hydrolysis into directed motion along nucleic acid strands. We measured nsp13 both as it translocates along single-stranded DNA or unwinds short DNA duplexes. Our data confirm that nsp13…

• Prophylactic treatment of Glycyrrhiza glabra mitigates COVID-19 pathology through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hamster model and NETosis - Severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is accompanied by acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary pathology, and is presented mostly with an inflammatory cytokine release, a dysregulated immune response, a skewed neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and a hypercoagulable state. Though vaccinations have proved effective in reducing the COVID-19-related mortality, the limitation of the use of vaccine against immunocompromised individuals, those with comorbidity, and emerging variants remains a…

• 3’UTR of SARS-CoV-2 spike gene hijack host miR-296 or miR-520h to disturb cell proliferation and cytokine signaling - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has becoming globally public health threat. Recently studies were focus on SARS-CoV-2 RNA to design vaccine and drugs. It was demonstrated that virus RNA could play as sponge to host noncoding RNAs to regulate cellular processes. Bioinformatic research predicted a series of motif on SARS-CoV-2 genome where are targets of human miRNAs. In this study, we used dual-luciferase reporter assays to validate the interaction between 3’UTR of…

• Synthesis and Evaluation of a Silver Nanoparticle/Polyurethane Composite That Exhibits Antiviral Activity against SARS-CoV-2 - In this proof-of-concept study, we aim to produce a polyurethane (PU)-based composite that can reduce the amount of viable SARS-CoV-2 virus in contact with the surface of the polymeric film without further interventions such as manual cleaning. Current protocols for maintaining the hygiene of commonly used touchpoints (door handles, light switches, shop counters) typically rely on repeated washing with antimicrobial products. Since the start of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, frequent and costly…

• Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antiviral Polymeric Food Packaging in Post-COVID-19 Era - Consumers are now more concerned about food safety and hygiene following the COVID-19 pandemic. Antimicrobial packaging has attracted increased interest by reducing contamination of food surfaces to deliver quality and safe food while maintaining shelf life. Active packaging materials to reduce contamination or inhibit viral activity in packaged foods and on packaging surfaces are mostly prepared using solvent casting, but very few materials demonstrate antiviral activity on foods of animal…

• Mulberrofuran G, a Mulberry Component, Prevents SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Blocking the Interaction between SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1 Receptor-Binding Domain and Human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Receptor - Despite the recent development of RNA replication-targeted COVID-19 drugs by global pharmaceutical companies, their prescription in clinical practice is limited by certain factors, including drug interaction, reproductive toxicity, and drug resistance. COVID-19 drugs with multiple targets for the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle may lead to a successful reduction in drug resistance as well as enhanced therapeutic efficacy, and natural products are a potential source of molecules with therapeutic effects…

• Garcinia cambogia Phenolics as Potent Anti-COVID-19 Agents: Phytochemical Profiling, Biological Activities, and Molecular Docking - COVID-19 is a disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and became a pandemic in a critically short time. Phenolic secondary metabolites attracted much attention from the pharmaceutical industries for their easily accessible natural sources and proven antiviral activity. In our mission, a metabolomics study of the Garcinia cambogia Roxb. fruit rind was performed using LC-HRESIMS to investigate its chemical profile, especially the polar aspects, followed by a detailed phytochemical analysis,…

• The Discovery of Small Allosteric and Active Site Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease via Structure-Based Virtual Screening and Biological Evaluation - The main protease enzyme (M^(pro)) of SARS-CoV-2 is one of the most promising targets for COVID-19 treatment. Accordingly, in this work, a structure-based virtual screening of 3.8 million ligand libraries was carried out. After rigorous filtering, docking, and post screening assessments, 78 compounds were selected for biological evaluation, 3 of which showed promising inhibition of the M^(pro) enzyme. The obtained hits (CB03, GR04, and GR20) had reasonable potencies with K(i) values in the…

• In Silico Evaluation of Natural Flavonoids as a Potential Inhibitor of Coronavirus Disease - The recent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, China, has led to millions of infections and the death of approximately one million people. No targeted therapeutics are currently available, and only a few efficient treatment options are accessible. Many researchers are investigating active compounds from natural plant sources that may inhibit COVID-19 proliferation. Flavonoids are generally present in our diet, as well as traditional medicines and are effective against various…

• Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of Spirooxindole-Based Phenylsulfonyl Moiety as a Candidate Anti-SAR-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV-2 with the Implementation of Combination Studies - The search for an effective anti-viral to inhibit COVID-19 is a challenge for the specialized scientific research community. This work investigated the anti-coronavirus activity for spirooxindole-based phenylsulfone cycloadducts in a single and combination protocols. The newly designed anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics spirooxindoles synthesized by [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions represent an efficient approach. One-pot multicomponent reactions between phenyl vinyl sulfone, substituted isatins, and…

• Antiviral Drugs Screening for Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome Coronavirus - Coronaviruses as possible cross-species viruses have caused several epidemics. The ongoing emergency of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has posed severe threats to the global economy and public health, which has generated great concerns about zoonotic viruses. Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), an alpha-coronavirus, was responsible for mass piglet deaths, resulting in unprecedented economic losses, and no approved drugs or vaccines are currently…

• Examining the Relationship between Paternal Mental Health and Informal Support Networks: Reflections on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic - Paternal mental health remains an under-researched area in the UK. Consequently, father-focused formal and informal support provisions fail to address the complex emotional and psychological wellbeing needs of fathers. Drawing on data from twenty semi-structured interviews with fathers in the York area, this study seeks to better understand how access to and participation in informal support networks is influenced by gendered perceptions and the impact hegemonic perceptions of masculinity have…

• NSP4 and ORF9b of SARS-CoV-2 Induce Pro-Inflammatory Mitochondrial DNA Release in Inner Membrane-Derived Vesicles - Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) has been found in the plasma of severely ill COVID-19 patients and is now known as a strong predictor of mortality. However, the underlying mechanism of mtDNA release is unexplored. Here, we show a novel mechanism of SARS-CoV-2-mediated pro-inflammatory/pro-apoptotic mtDNA release and a rational therapeutic stem cell-based approach to mitigate these effects. We systematically screened the effects of 29 SARS-CoV-2 proteins on mitochondrial damage…

• Could Endogenous Glucocorticoids Influence SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity? - Endogenous glucocorticoids and their synthetic analogues, such as dexamethasone, stimulate receptor-mediated signal transduction mechanisms on target cells. Some of these mechanisms result in beneficial outcomes whereas others are deleterious in the settings of pathogen infections and immunological disorders. Here, we review recent studies by several groups, including our group, showing that glucocorticoids can directly interact with protein components on SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of…

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