Covid-19 Sentry

Contents

• From Preprints
• From Clinical Trials
• From PubMed
• From Patent Search

From Preprints

• Should Children be Vaccinated Against SARS-CoV-2 -
  The risk of children under the age of 18 of dying from COVID is almost non-existent, while in the United States the vaccine has accounted for over 1000 deaths. The long terms effects of vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in children are completely unknown. At this time, the evidence does not support vaccinating children COVID unless they are immunocompromised, have severe heart, pulmonary disease or related disorders.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Should Children be Vaccinated Against SARS-CoV-2
• The Impact of COVID-19 on Test Administration and Scores -
  Eighty Woodcock–Johnson IV Tests of Achievement protocols from 40 test administrators were examined to determine the types and frequencies of administration and scoring errors made. Non-critical errors (e.g., failure to record verbatim) were found on every protocol (M = 37.2). Critical (e.g., standard score, start point) errors were found on 98.8% of protocols (M = 15.3). Additionally, a series of paired samples t-test were conducted to determine differences in total, critical, and non-critical errors pre- and during-COVID-19. No statistic differences were found. Our findings add to a growing body of research that suggests that errors on norm-referenced tests of achievement are pervasive. However, the frequency of errors did not appear to be affected by COVID-19 stressors or social distancing requirements. Implications of these findings for training and practice are discussed. Suggestions for future research are also provided.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: The Impact of COVID-19 on Test Administration and Scores
• Influence of Social Media on Consumers’ Online Purchasing Habits During: The COVID-19 Pandemic in Pakistan -
  Currently, businesses located all over the world are adjusting to a new standard of operation. Customers are encouraged to make their purchases of necessities through the favored e-commerce platform of the organization. For the purpose of marketing web-based enterprises, websites such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Pinterest are utilized. The purpose of the study was to investigate how the COVID-19 epidemic altered the purchase patterns of Pakistani customers shopping online, with a particular emphasis on the role played by social media. The study utilized a quantitative research model and a descriptive research technique in its data collection and analysis. In order to obtain responses from 400 Pakistani clients, an online questionnaire employing the “purposive sampling” method was used. When looking at the data and putting the hypothesis to the test, PLS-SEM analysis was utilized. During the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan, a PLS-SEM study indicated that advertising tools, online reviews, and endorsements from celebrities had a favorable and significant effect on how individuals bought products online. According to the findings of this study, online businesses can improve their use of social media for marketing and advertising by following a number of particular measures. Customers have a greater propensity to make purchases via social media platforms when they come across favorable evaluations and recommendations from celebrities.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Influence of Social Media on Consumers’ Online Purchasing Habits During: The COVID-19 Pandemic in Pakistan
• Tick tick boom: The rise of child marriage in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic -
  Introduction: Child marriage is a global phenomenon where one in six girls aged under 19 are married as child brides that are exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, in which girls are disproportionately affected by this practice. Therefore, this study aimed to provide reliable numbers of child marriages in Indonesia during the pandemic. Methods: Records from all 412 [Islamic] Religious Courts at the city/district level provided by the Supreme Court of The Republic of Indonesia were analysed, particularly the numbers of child marriage dispensation applications (bride and/or groom is below 19 years old) from 2019 to 2021. Results: New child marriage dispensation application numbers in 2019, 2020, and 2021 were 24,865, 64,225, and 62,890 cases, respectively, of which 2-4% of new applications were withdrawn every year. Up to 65% of new applications from 2019 to 2021 were consistently registered in six provinces in Java. However, the top-rank provinces with the rise of new applications in 2020 and 2021 when compared to records in 2019 were from outside Java, including Papua Barat, DI Aceh, Jambi, Maluku, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Barat, and Bengkulu. Conclusions: The child marriages in Indonesia skyrocketed by 2.5 times during the pandemic, represented by the rise of new child marriage dispensation applications to the Religious Courts between 2020 and 2021. Policy implications: Stakeholders should consider socio-economic and psycho-cultural factors in planning child marriage intervention programs during the pandemic, including involving local/religious leaders, tightening the marriage dispensation process, and prioritising areas with high percentages of poverty and the girl population.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Tick tick boom: The rise of child marriage in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic
• Predicting self-harm and suicide ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: A nationwide survey report -
  Background: It is estimated that 77.0% of suicide cases occurred in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs), which would increase because of the COVID-19 pandemic and socioeconomic inequity. However, there is lack of reports on this topic from LMICs, especially during the pandemic. Therefore, this nationwide study aimed to explore self-harm and suicide ideation and its predictive variables during the pandemic in Indonesia as a MIC with the highest COVID-19 fatality rate in Asia. Methods: Non-random sampling online survey was conducted nationwide between 25 May and 16 June 2021. The collected data were demographic variables (i.e. age group), loneliness from social isolation using The UCLA Loneliness Scale Six Items (ULS-6), and self-harm and suicide ideation using item 9 of The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Predictive model was analyzed using hierarchical logistic regression. Results: A total of 5,211 participants from all 34 provinces in Indonesia completed the survey. Among 39.3% of them reported self-harm and suicide ideation during the pandemic, which significantly correlated with loneliness. The predictive variables associated with the likelihood of self-harm and suicide ideation were age, residence, job, religion, sex-gender, sexual orientation, HIV status, disability status, and loneliness. The predictive model showed a significant goodness-of-fit to the observed data (x2(15) = 1,803.46, p<.001), RN2 = .40. Conclusion: Four out of 10 Indonesians experienced self-harm and suicide ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly people within the age range of 18-24, living in the Java Island, unemployed/student/retired and freelancer, women, members of minority and marginalized communities, and experience of loneliness during the pandemic.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Predicting self-harm and suicide ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: A nationwide survey report
• THE INFLUENCE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE QUALITY OF NURSING SERVICES IN SURGERY AND INTERNAL DISEASE CARE ROOMS IN 2021 BAUBAU CITY HOSPITAL -
  Service quality must start from customer needs and end with customer satisfaction and positive perceptions of the services provided. However, the challenge is that the customer’s assessment of the service they receive is more subjective. To increase the utilization of health facilities, it is necessary to make corrections to public perceptions so that they are able to meet the expectations of consumers. If the customer is satisfied with good service, then the consumer will show a great opportunity to make a repeat purchase. COVID19 Worker Health Promotion must be regulated in terms of changes, from the implementation of COVID19 management instructions, new guidelines must be made, changes in nurse-patient interaction, with personal protective equipment (PPE), Covid19 fear or transmitting fear or transmitting. This new habit can affect the quality of care services The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the Covid 19 pandemic on the quality of nursing services in the Surgical and Disease Treatment rooms in the Baubau City Hospital in 2021. This type of research is a descriptive study using a cross-sectional approach. Therefore, it is a type of investigation that emphasizes measuring time only once at this point. The results showed that there was no influence between the Covid-19 pandemic on the quality of nursing services in the internal medicine and surgery rooms at Baubau Hospital in 2021, with a p-value = 0.230 or greater than a = 0.05, It is hoped that the hospital will maintain the quality standards provided by nurses in the surgical treatment room and those related to diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic so that patient satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic always feels pleasant.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: THE INFLUENCE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE QUALITY OF NURSING SERVICES IN SURGERY AND INTERNAL DISEASE CARE ROOMS IN 2021 BAUBAU CITY HOSPITAL
• THE INFLUENCE OF WORKLOAD ON NURSE WORK STRESS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN FLAMBOYAN AND INTERNA ROOMS AT RSUD KOTA BAUBAU 2021 -
  Job stress is a condition in which there is interaction between humans and work and is characterized by human changes that prevent it from having an impact on normal functioning. all professional employees in the hospital are at risk of experiencing stress, but nurses have a higher level of stress The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of workload on nurses’ work stress during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Flamboyan and Interna Rooms at the Baubau City Hospital. This type of investigation uses analytical investigations to find out how and why phenomena occur. A cross-sectional design simultaneously studying the two independent variables was adopted. The purpose of this study was to find out whether workload had an impact on the work pressure of Flamboyán and nurses at the Baubau City Hospital during the Covid19 pandemic. The results of the study showed that the most interviewees were moderate workload and moderate work stress, namely 25 people (17.80) and 8 respondents who had work stress (18.50). As long as people with high workloads with 8 types of heavy work stress (18.50). Based on the results of the Kruskal Wallis H-Test analysis with a value of & agr; 0.016 (α < 0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that there is an effect of burden on nurses’ work stress.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: THE INFLUENCE OF WORKLOAD ON NURSE WORK STRESS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN FLAMBOYAN AND INTERNA ROOMS AT RSUD KOTA BAUBAU 2021
• A single C-terminal residue controls SARS-CoV-2 spike trafficking and virion assembly -
  The spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 is delivered to the virion assembly site in the ER-Golgi Intermediate Compartment (ERGIC) from both the ER and cis-Golgi in infected cells1-3. However, the relevance and modulatory mechanism of this bidirectional trafficking are unclear. Here, using structure-function analyses, we show that S incorporation into virions and viral fusogenicity are determined by coatomer-dependent S delivery from the cis-Golgi and restricted by S-coatomer dissociation. Although S mimicry of the host coatomer-binding dibasic motif ensures retrograde trafficking to the ERGIC, avoidance of the host-like C-terminal acidic residue is critical for S-coatomer dissociation and therefore incorporation into virions or export for cell-cell fusion. Because this C-terminal residue is the key determinant of SARS-CoV-2 assembly and fusogenicity, our work provides a framework for the export of S protein encoded in genetic vaccines for surface display and immune activation.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: A single C-terminal residue controls SARS-CoV-2 spike trafficking and virion assembly
• Ultrapotent SARS coronavirus-neutralizing single-domain antibodies that bind a conserved membrane proximal epitope of the spike -
  Currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants have gained complete or significant resistance to all SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies that have been used in the clinic. Such antibodies can prevent severe disease in SARS-CoV-2 exposed patients for whom vaccines may not provide optimal protection. Here, we describe single-domain antibodies (VHHs), also known as nanobodies, that can broadly neutralize SARS-CoV-2 with unusually high potency. Structural analysis revealed their binding to a unique, highly conserved, membrane proximal, quaternary epitope in the S2 subunit of the spike. Furthermore, a VHH-human IgG1 Fc fusion, efficiently expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells as a stable antibody construct, protected hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 replication in a therapeutic setting when administered systemically at low dose. This VHH-based antibody represents a new candidate anti-COVID-19 biologic that targets the Achilles heel of the viral spike.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Ultrapotent SARS coronavirus-neutralizing single-domain antibodies that bind a conserved membrane proximal epitope of the spike
• SARS-CoV-2 protein structure and sequence mutations: evolutionary analysis and effects on virus variants SARS-CoV-2 protein structure and sequence mutations: -
  Proteins sequence, structure, and function are related, so that any changes in the protein sequence may cause modifications in its structure and function. Thanks to the exponential growth of data availability, many studies have addressed different questions such as: (i) how structure evolves based on the sequence changes, (ii) how structure and function change over time. Computational experiments have contributed to the study of viral protein structures. For instance the Spike (S) protein has been investigated for its role in binding receptors and infection activity in COVID-19, hence the interest of scientific researchers in studying the effects of virus mutations due to sequence, structure and vaccination effects. Protein Contact Networks (PCNs) can be used for investigating protein structures to detect biological properties thorough network topology. We apply topological studies based on graph theory of the PCNs to compare the structural changes with sequence changes, and find that both node centrality and community extraction analysis play a relevant role in changes in protein stability and functionality caused by mutations. We compare the structural evolution to sequence changes and study mutations from a temporal perspective focusing on virus variants. We finally highlight a timeline correlation between Omicron variant identification and the vaccination campaign.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: SARS-CoV-2 protein structure and sequence mutations: evolutionary analysis and effects on virus variants SARS-CoV-2 protein structure and sequence mutations:
• Coronavirus and Journalism: A Meta-analysis of Early Research on Journalism in the COVID-19 pandemic -
  This study conducts a meta-analysis of journalism studies research of the COVID-19 pandemic. Through an analysis of research published during the early stages of the pandemic (n=21) in Tier 1 and Tier 2 Communication journals, the study synthesizes extant findings to reflect the role of the pandemic on journalists financially, emotionally, and practically, the role of the pandemic on journalistic audiences and finally, the central mediating role of social media during the pandemic. Through the lens of field theory, these findings reflect both the adaptable nature of the journalistic field–adaptability that allows journalism to be, at times, unstable but also allow for resourceful adaptation in the face of tragedy.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Coronavirus and Journalism: A Meta-analysis of Early Research on Journalism in the COVID-19 pandemic
• Prevalence of IgG and IgM to SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses in The Democratic Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone and Uganda: A Longitudinal Study -

  Objectives We assessed the prevalence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) against four endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs) and two SARS-CoV-2 antigens, among vaccinated and unvaccinated staff at health care centres in Uganda, Sierra Leone, and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Methods Government health facility staff who had patient contact in Goma (DRC), Kambia District (Sierra Leone), and Masaka District (Uganda) were enrolled. Questionnaires and blood samples were collected at three timepoints over four months. Blood samples were analysed with the Luminex MAGPIX. Results Among unvaccinated participants, the prevalence of IgG/IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 RBD or N-protein at enrolment was 70% in Goma (138/196), 89% in Kambia (112/126) and 89% in Masaka (190/213). IgG responses against endemic HCoVs at baseline were not associated with SAR-CoV-2 sero-acquisition during follow-up. Among vaccinated participants, those who had evidence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM at baseline tended to have higher IgG responses to vaccination compared to those SARS-CoV-2 seronegative at baseline, controlling for the time of sample collection since vaccination. Conclusions The high levels of natural immunity and hybrid immunity should be incorporated into both vaccination policy and prediction models of the impact of subsequent waves of infection in these settings.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Prevalence of IgG and IgM to SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses in The Democratic Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone and Uganda: A Longitudinal Study
• Impaired potency of neutralizing antibodies against cell-cell fusion mediated by SARS-CoV-2 -
  The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants have dominated the pandemic due to their high transmissibility and immune evasion conferred by the spike mutations. The Omicron subvariants can spread by cell-free virus infection and cell-cell fusion, the latter of which is more effective but has not been extensively investigated. In this study, we developed a simple and high-throughput assay that provides a rapid readout to quantify cell-cell fusion mediated by the SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins without using live or pseudotyped virus. This assay can be used to identify variants of concern and to screen for prophylactic and therapeutic agents. We further evaluated a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and vaccinee sera against D614G and Omicron subvariants, finding that cell-cell fusion is substantially more resistant to mAb and serum inhibition than cell-free virus infection. Such results have important implications for the development of vaccines and antiviral antibody drugs against cell-cell fusion induced by SARS-CoV-2 spikes.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Impaired potency of neutralizing antibodies against cell-cell fusion mediated by SARS-CoV-2
• Index Cases First Identified by Nasal-Swab Rapid COVID-19 Tests Had More Transmission to Household Contacts Than Cases Identified by Other Test Types -

  Importance: At-home rapid COVID-19 tests utilize nasal-swab specimens and require high viral loads to reliably give positive results. Longitudinal studies from the onset of infection have found infectious virus can present in oral specimens days before nasal. Detection and initiation of infection-control practices may therefore be delayed when nasal-swab rapid tests are used, resulting in greater exposure and transmission to contacts. Objective: We assessed whether index cases first identified by rapid nasal-swab COVID-19 tests had more transmission to household contacts than index cases who used other test types (tests with higher analytical sensitivity but longer turnaround times, and/or that utilize non-nasal specimen types). Design: In this observational cohort study, members of households with a recent COVID-19 case were screened for infection at least daily by RT-qPCR on one or more self-collected upper-respiratory specimen types. Participants reported demographic/medical information (including COVID-19 testing), symptom and exposure information, and household infection-control practices. A two-level random intercept model was used to assess the association between the infection outcome of household contacts and each covariable (household size, race/ethnicity, age, vaccination status, viral variant, infection-control practices, and whether a rapid nasal-swab test was used to initially identify the household index case). Setting: Southern California, September 2020-June 2021 and November 2021-March 2022. Participants: Cohort of 370 individuals from 85 households. Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s): Transmission was quantified by adjusted secondary attack rates (aSAR) and adjusted odds ratios (aOR). Results: An aSAR of 53.6% (95%CI 38.8-68.3%) was observed among households where the index case first tested positive by a rapid nasal-swab COVID-19 test, which was significantly higher than the aSAR for households where the index case utilized another test type (27.2% [19.5-35.0%], P=0.003 pairwise comparisons of predictive margins). We observed an aOR of 4.90 (95%CI 1.65-14.56) for transmission to household contacts when a nasal-swab rapid test was used to identify the index case, compared to other test types. Conclusions and Relevance: Use of nasal-swab rapid COVID-19 tests for initial detection of infection and initiation of infection control may not limit transmission as well as other test types.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Index Cases First Identified by Nasal-Swab Rapid COVID-19 Tests Had More Transmission to Household Contacts Than Cases Identified by Other Test Types
• Integrated analyses of single-cell RNA-seq public data reveal the gene regulatory network landscape of respiratory epithelial and peripheral immune cells in COVID-19 patients -

  Introduction: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 leads to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which can result in acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. However, its comprehensive influence on pathological immune responses in the respiratory epithelium and peripheral immune cells is not yet fully understood. Methods: In this study, we integrated multiple public scRNA-seq datasets of nasopharyngeal swab and peripheral blood results to investigate the gene regulatory networks (GRNs) of healthy individuals and COVID-19 patients with mild/moderate and severe disease, respectively. Similar and dissimilar regulons were identified within or between epithelial and immune cells during COVID-19 severity progression. The relative transcription factors (TFs) and their targets were used to construct GRNs among different infection sites and conditions. Results: Between respiratory epithelial and peripheral immune cells, different TFs tended to be used to regulate the activity of a cell between healthy individuals and COVID-19 patients, although they had some TFs in common. For example, XBP1, FOS, STAT1, and STAT2 were activated in both the epithelial and immune cells of virus-infected individuals. In contrast, severe COVID-19 cases exhibited activation of CEBPD in peripheral immune cells, while CEBPB was exclusively activated in respiratory epithelial cells. Moreover, in patients with severe COVID-19, CEBPD upregulated S100A8 and S100A9 in CD14 and CD16 monocytes, while S100A9 genes were co-upregulated by different regulators (SPEDEF and ELF3) in goblet and squamous cells. The cell-cell communication analysis suggested that epidermal growth factor receptor signaling among epithelial cells contributes to mild/moderate disease, and chemokine signaling among immune cells contributes to severe disease. Conclusions: This study identified cell type- and condition-specific regulons in a wide range of cell types from the initial infection site to the peripheral blood, and clarified the diverse mechanisms of maladaptive responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Integrated analyses of single-cell RNA-seq public data reveal the gene regulatory network landscape of respiratory epithelial and peripheral immune cells in COVID-19 patients

From Clinical Trials

• A Study to Compare QLS1128 With Placebo in Symptomatic Participants With Mild to Moderate COVID-19 - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Drug: QLS1128;   Drug: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  Not yet recruiting

• Effect of Selected Types of Breathing Exercises on Different Outcome Measures in Covid-19 Patients - Condition:   COVID-19
  Intervention:   Other: breathing exercise
  Sponsor:   Basma Mosaad Abd-elrahman Abushady
  Completed

• Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of the Beta-variant Recombinant Protein Booster Vaccine (VidPrevtyn Beta, Sanofi) Compared to a Bivalent mRNA Vaccine (Comirnaty Original/Omicron BA.4-5, BioNTech-Pfizer) in Adults Previously Vaccinated With at Least 3 Doses of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine - Conditions:   Vaccine Reaction;   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Biological: Comirnaty® BNT162b2 /Omicron BA.4-5 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech);   Biological: VidPrevtyn® Beta vaccine (Sanofi/GSK)
  Sponsors:   Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris;   IREIVAC/COVIREIVAC Network
  Not yet recruiting

• Study of WPV01 Compared With Placebo in Patients With Mild/Moderate COVID-19 Infection - Condition:   COVID-19 Infection
  Interventions:   Drug: WPV01;   Drug: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Westlake Pharmaceuticals (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd.
  Not yet recruiting

• ARVAC-A New Recombinant Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - Condition:   COVID-19 Vaccine
  Interventions:   Biological: Gamma Variant RBD-based ARVAC-CG vaccine;   Biological: Omicron Variant RBD-based ARVAC-CG vaccine;   Biological: Bivalent RBD-based ARVAC-CG vaccine;   Other: Placebo
  Sponsors:   Mónica Edith Lombardo;   Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM);   National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, Argentina;   Laboratorio Pablo Cassará S.R.L.
  Recruiting

• A Study of HH-120 Nasal Spray in Close Contacts of Those Diagnosed With COVID-19 - Conditions:   COVID-19;   SARS-CoV-2 Infection
  Intervention:   Drug: HH-120 Nasal Spray
  Sponsor:   Beijing Ditan Hospital
  Completed

• Oxygen Atomizing Inhalation of EGCG in the Treatment COVID-19 Pneumonia in Cancer Patients - Conditions:   COVID-19 Pneumonia;   Neoplasms Malignant
  Interventions:   Drug: EGCG;   Drug: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute
  Recruiting

• The Use of Photobiomodulation in the Treatment of Oral Complaints of Long COVID-19.A Randomized Controlled Trial. - Conditions:   Xerostomia;   COVID-19;   Long COVID;   Persistent COVID-19
  Interventions:   Combination Product: Institutional standard treatment for xerostomia and Long Covid;   Radiation: Photobiomodulation Therapy;   Radiation: Placebo Photobiomodulation Therapy
  Sponsor:   University of Nove de Julho
  Recruiting

• Acupuncture for Post COVID-19 Fatigue - Conditions:   Acupuncture;   Post COVID-19 Condition;   Fatigue
  Interventions:   Device: Acupuncture;   Device: Sham Acupuncture
  Sponsor:   Guang’anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
  Not yet recruiting

• Clinical and Imaging Biomarkers Associated With Plasma ad Cellular Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease at the Time of COVID 19 - Condition:   Cardiovascular Diseases
  Intervention:   Other: sample blood
  Sponsor:   Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS
  Active, not recruiting

• Lactoferrin for COVID-19-Induced Taste or Smell Abnormality - Conditions:   Covid19;   Taste Disorder, Secondary;   Taste Disorders;   Dysgeusia;   Smell Disorder;   Ageusia;   Anosmia
  Intervention:   Dietary Supplement: Lactoferrin
  Sponsor:   Wake Forest University Health Sciences
  Withdrawn

• tDCS in Post-COVID Syndrome: Comparison of Two Targets - Conditions:   COVID-19;   Post-COVID-19 Syndrome;   Post COVID-19 Condition
  Intervention:   Device: transcranial current direct stimulation
  Sponsor:   Hospital San Carlos, Madrid
  Recruiting

• In Vivo Investigation on Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Post-COVID Fatigue and Cancer Fatigue. - Conditions:   Mitochondrial Dysfunction;   COVID-19;   Fatigue
  Interventions:   Other: MRI/ 3D Arterial Spin Labelling (ASL) and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS);   Other: Chalder Fatigue Scale;   Other: Health Questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L);   Other: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale
  Sponsors:   National University Hospital, Singapore;   National University of Singapore
  Recruiting

• [14C] Study on Mass Balance and Biotransformation of STI-1558 in Healthy Chinese Adult Male Subjects - Condition:   COVID-19
  Intervention:   Drug: [14C]STI-1558
  Sponsor:   Zhejiang ACEA Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.
  Not yet recruiting

• A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of HH-120 Nasal Spray in Healthy Volunteers - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Drug: HH-120 nasal spray, PartA cohort 1;   Drug: HH-120 nasal spray, Part A cohort 2-7;   Drug: HH-120 nasal spray, Part A cohort 8-9;   Drug: HH-120 nasal spray, Part B;   Other: Placebo nasal spray, Part B
  Sponsor:   Huahui Health
  Active, not recruiting

From PubMed

• Neutralizing activity and 3-month durability of tixagevimab and cilgavimab prophylaxis against Omicron sublineages in transplant recipients - Neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses are attenuated in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) despite severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 vaccination. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with the antibody combination tixagevimab and cilgavimab (T+C) might augment immunoprotection, yet in vitro activity and durability against Omicron sublineages BA.4/5 in fully vaccinated SOTRs have not been delineated. Vaccinated SOTRs, who received 300 + 300 mg T+C (ie, full dose), within a…

• Therapeutic potential of salicylamide derivatives for combating viral infections - Since time immemorial human beings have constantly been fighting against viral infections. The ongoing and devastating coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic represents one of the most severe and most significant public health emergencies in human history, highlighting an urgent need to develop broad-spectrum antiviral agents. Salicylamide (2-hydroxybenzamide) derivatives, represented by niclosamide and nitazoxanide, inhibit the replication of a broad range of RNA and DNA viruses such as flavivirus,…

• Antimicrobial and Antiviral Properties of Triclosan-Containing Polymer Composite: Aging Effects of pH, UV, and Sunlight Exposure - The present study deals with the synthesis and characterization of a polymer composite based on an unsaturated ester loaded with 5 wt.% triclosan, produced by co-mixing on an automated hardware system. The polymer composite’s non-porous structure and chemical composition make it an ideal material for surface disinfection and antimicrobial protection. According to the findings, the polymer composite effectively inhibited (100%) the growth of Staphylococcus aureus 6538-P under exposure to…

• Triterpene Derivatives as Potential Inhibitors of the RBD Spike Protein from SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico Approach - The appearance of a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, in 2019 kicked off an international public health emergency. Although rapid progress in vaccination has reduced the number of deaths, the development of alternative treatments to overcome the disease is still necessary. It is known that the infection begins with the interaction of the spike glycoprotein (at the virus surface) and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 cell receptor (ACE2). Therefore, a straightforward solution for promoting virus…

• High Plasma tPAPAI-1C Levels May Be Related to a Poor Prognosis in Patients with Severe or Critical COVID-19: A Single-Center Retrospective Study - Severe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients have a high incidence of thrombotic complications and mortality. The pathophysiology of coagulopathy involves fibrinolytic system impairment and vascular endothelial damage. This study examined coagulation and fibrinolytic markers as outcome predictors. In an observational study of 164 COVID-19 patients admitted to our emergency intensive care unit, hematological parameters on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 were retrospectively compared between…

• Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and Its nsp14 Suppress ER Stress Induced GRP78 - Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a member of the α-coronavirus genus, can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration in piglets. Neonatal piglets infected with PEDV have a mortality rate as high as 100%. PEDV has caused substantial economic losses to the pork industry. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which can alleviate the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in ER, involves in coronavirus infection. Previous studies have indicated that ER stress could inhibit the replication…

• R-Propranolol Has Broad-Spectrum Anti-Coronavirus Activity and Suppresses Factors Involved in Pathogenic Angiogenesis - The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic highlighted the need for broad-spectrum antivirals to increase our preparedness. Patients often require treatment by the time that blocking virus replication is less effective. Therefore, therapy should not only aim to inhibit the virus, but also to suppress pathogenic host responses, e.g., leading to microvascular changes and pulmonary damage. Clinical studies have previously linked SARS-CoV-2 infection to pathogenic intussusceptive angiogenesis in the lungs, involving…

• Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Omicron Variants Inhibition Comparison after BNT162b2 mRNA Booster Doses with a New PETIA sVNT Assay - CONCLUSION: This study correlates vaccine-induced IgG expression and neutralizing activity using a new PETIA assay, suggesting its usefulness for SARS-CoV2 infection management.

• CFTR Inhibitors Display In Vitro Antiviral Activity against SARS-CoV-2 - Several reports have indicated that SARS-CoV-2 infection displays unexpected mild clinical manifestations in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), suggesting that CFTR expression and function may be involved in the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle. To evaluate the possible association of CFTR activity with SARS-CoV-2 replication, we tested the antiviral activity of two well-known CFTR inhibitors (IOWH-032 and PPQ-102) in wild type (WT)-CFTR bronchial cells. SARS-CoV-2 replication was inhibited by IOWH-032…

• Screen-printing of chitosan and cationised cellulose nanofibril coatings for integration into functional face masks with potential antiviral activity - Masks proved to be necessary protective measure during the COVID-19 pandemic, but they provided a physical barrier rather than inactivating viruses, increasing the risk of cross-infection. In this study, high-molecular weight chitosan and cationised cellulose nanofibrils were screen-printed individually or as a mixture onto the inner surface of the first polypropylene (PP) layer. First, biopolymers were evaluated by various physicochemical methods for their suitability for screen-printing and…

• Determinants Influencing the Adoption of Internet Health Care Technology Among Chinese Health Care Professionals: Extension of the Value-Based Adoption Model With Burnout Theory - CONCLUSIONS: Perceived value, perceived enjoyment, and employee burnout were the most important determinants of IHT adoption intention by health care professionals. In addition, while employee burnout was negatively related to adoption intention, perceived value inhibited employee burnout. Therefore, this study finds that it is necessary to develop strategies to improve the perceived value and reduce employee burnout, which will benefit the promotion of the adoption intention of IHT in health…

• Elucidation of the liver pathophysiology of COVID-19 patients using liver-on-a-chips - SARS-CoV-2 induces severe organ damage not only in the lung but also in the liver, heart, kidney, and intestine. It is known that COVID-19 severity correlates with liver dysfunction, but few studies have investigated the liver pathophysiology in COVID-19 patients. Here, we elucidated liver pathophysiology in COVID-19 patients using organs-on-a-chip technology and clinical analyses. First, we developed liver-on-a-chip (LoC) which recapitulating hepatic functions around the intrahepatic bile duct…

• SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces IL-18-mediated cardiopulmonary inflammation via reduced mitophagy - Cardiopulmonary complications are major drivers of mortality caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Interleukin-18, an inflammasome-induced cytokine, has emerged as a novel mediator of cardiopulmonary pathologies but its regulation via SARS-CoV-2 signaling remains unknown. Based on a screening panel, IL-18 was identified amongst 19 cytokines to stratify mortality and hospitalization burden in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Supporting clinical data, administration of SARS-CoV-2 Spike 1 (S1)…

• Korupensamine A, but not its atropisomer, korupensamine B, inhibits SARS-CoV-2 in vitro by targeting its main protease (M^pro) - By combining docking and molecular dynamics simulations, we explored a library of 65 mostly axially chiral naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids and their analogues, with most different molecular architectures and structural analogues, for their activity against SARS-CoV-2. Although natural biaryls are often regarded without consideration of their axial chirality, they can bind to protein targets in an atroposelective manner. By combining docking results with steered molecular dynamics simulations, we…

• Divalent siRNAs are bioavailable in the lung and efficiently block SARS-CoV-2 infection - The continuous evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants complicates efforts to combat the ongoing pandemic, underscoring the need for a dynamic platform for the rapid development of pan-viral variant therapeutics. Oligonucleotide therapeutics are enhancing the treatment of numerous diseases with unprecedented potency, duration of effect, and safety. Through the systematic screening of hundreds of oligonucleotide sequences, we identified fully chemically stabilized siRNAs and ASOs that target regions of…

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