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<title>22 May, 2021</title>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Missense variants in human ACE2 modify binding to SARS-CoV-2 Spike</strong> -
<div>
SARS-CoV-2 infection begins with the interaction of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (Spike) and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). To explore whether population variants in ACE2 might influence Spike binding and hence infection, we selected 10 ACE2 variants based on affinity predictions and prevalence in gnomAD and measured their affinities for Spike receptor binding domain through surface plasmon resonance (SPR). We discovered variants that enhance and reduce binding, including two variants with distinct population distributions that enhanced affinity for Spike. ACE2 p.Ser19Pro ({Delta}{Delta}G = 0.59 {+/-} 0.08 kcal mol-1) is often seen in the gnomAD African cohort (AF = 0.003) whilst p.Lys26Arg ({Delta}{Delta}G = 0.26 {+/-} 0.09 kcal mol-1) is predominant in the Ashkenazi Jewish (AF = 0.01) and European non-Finnish (AF = 0.006) cohorts. Carriers of these alleles may be more susceptible to infection or severe disease and these variants may influence the global epidemiology of Covid-19. We also identified three rare ACE2 variants that strongly inhibited (p.Glu37Lys, {Delta}{Delta}G = -1.33 {+/-} 0.15 kcal mol-1 and p.Gly352Val, predicted {Delta}{Delta}G = -1.17 kcal mol-1) or abolished (p.Asp355Asn) Spike binding. These variants may confer resistance to infection. Finally, we calibrated the mCSM-PPI2 {Delta}{Delta}G prediction algorithm against our SPR data, give new predictions for all possible ACE2 missense variants at the Spike interface and estimate the overall burden of ACE2 variants on Covid-19 phenotypes.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.21.445118v1" target="_blank">Missense variants in human ACE2 modify binding to SARS-CoV-2 Spike</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Structure and dynamics of RNA guanine quadruplexes in SARS-CoV-2 genome. Original strategies against emerging viruses</strong> -
<div>
Guanine quadruplexes (G4) structures in viral genome have a key role in modulating viruses’ biological activity. While several DNA G4 structures have been experimentally resolved, RNA G4s are definitely less explored. We report the first calculated G4 structure of the RG-1 RNA sequence of SARS-CoV-2 genome, obtained by using a multiscale approach combining quantum and classical molecular modelling and corroborated by the excellent agreement between the corresponding calculated and experimental circular dichroism spectra. We prove the stability of RG-1 G4 arrangement as well as its interaction with G4 ligands potentially inhibiting viral protein translation.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.20.444918v1" target="_blank">Structure and dynamics of RNA guanine quadruplexes in SARS-CoV-2 genome. Original strategies against emerging viruses</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Water-triggered, irreversible conformational change of SARS-CoV-2 main protease on passing from the solid state to aqueous solution</strong> -
<div>
The main protease from SARS-CoV-2 is a homodimer. Yet, a recent 0.1 ms long molecular dynamics simulation shows that it readily undergoes a symmetry breaking event on passing from the solid state to the aqueous solution. As a result, the subunits present distinct conformations of the binding pocket. By analysing this long time simulation, here we uncover a previously unrecognised role of water molecules in triggering the transition. Interestingly, each subunit presents a different collection of long-lived water molecules. Enhanced sampling methods performed here, along with machine learning approaches, further establish that the transition to the asymmetric state is essentially irreversible.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.21.445090v1" target="_blank">Water-triggered, irreversible conformational change of SARS-CoV-2 main protease on passing from the solid state to aqueous solution</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The Role of ATP in the RNA Translocation Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 NSP13 Helicase</strong> -
<div>
The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the need to develop potent and transferable therapeutics to treat coronavirus infections. Numerous antiviral targets are being investigated, but non-structural protein 13 (nsp13) stands out as a highly conserved and yet under studied target. Nsp13 is a superfamily 1 (SF1) helicase that translocates along and unwinds viral RNA in an ATP dependent manner. Currently, there are no available structures of nsp13 from SARS-CoV-1 or SARS-CoV-2 with either ATP or RNA bound presenting a significant hurdle to the rational design of therapeutics. To address this knowledge gap, we have built models of SARS-CoV-2 nsp13 in Apo, ATP, ssRNA and ssRNA+ATP substrate states. Using 30 microseconds of Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics simulation (at least 6 microseconds per substrate state), these models were confirmed to maintain substrate binding poses that are similar to other SF1 helicases. A gaussian mixture model and linear discriminant analysis structural clustering protocol was used to identify key aspects of the ATP-dependent RNA translocation mechanism. Namely, four RNA-nsp13 structures are identified that exhibit ATP-dependent populations and support the inch-worm mechanism for translocation. These four states are characterized by different RNA-binding poses for motifs Ia, IV, and V and suggest a powerstroke–like motion of domain 2A relative to domain 1A. This structural and mechanistic insight of nsp13 RNA translocation presents novel targets for the further development of antivirals.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.21.445152v1" target="_blank">The Role of ATP in the RNA Translocation Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 NSP13 Helicase</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>ESCA pipeline: Easy-to-use SARS-CoV-2 genome Assembler</strong> -
<div>
Early sequencing and quick analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genome are contributing to un-derstand the dynamics of COVID19 epidemics and to countermeasures design at global level. Amplicon-based NGS methods are widely used to sequence the SARS-CoV-2 genome and to identify novel variants that are emerging in rapid succession, harboring multiple deletions and amino acid changing mutations. To facilitate the analysis of NGS sequencing data obtained from amplicon-based sequencing methods, here we propose an easy-to-use SARS-CoV-2 genome Assembler: the ESCA pipeline. Results showed that ESCA can perform high quality genome assembly from IonTor-rent and Illumina raw data, and help the user in easily correct low-coverage regions. Moreover, ESCA includes the possibility to compare assembled genomes of multi sample runs through an easy table format.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.21.445156v1" target="_blank">ESCA pipeline: Easy-to-use SARS-CoV-2 genome Assembler</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Deamidation drives molecular aging of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding motif</strong> -
<div>
The spike is the main protein component of the SARS-CoV-2 virion surface. The spike receptor binding motif mediates recognition of the hACE2 receptor, a critical infection step, and is the preferential target for spike-neutralizing antibodies. Post-translational modifications of the spike receptor binding motif can modulate viral infectivity and immune response. We studied the spike protein in search for asparagine deamidation, a spontaneous event that leads to the appearance of aspartic and isoaspartic residues, affecting both the protein backbone and its charge. We used computational prediction and biochemical experiments to identify five deamidation hotspots in the SARS-CoV-2 spike. Similar deamidation hotspots are frequently found at the spike receptor-binding motifs of related sarbecoviruses, at positions that are mutated in emerging variants and in escape mutants from neutralizing antibodies. Asparagine residues 481 and 501 from the receptor-binding motif deamidate with a half-time of 16.5 and 123 days at 37 {degrees}C, respectively. This process is significantly slowed down at 4 {degrees}C, pointing at a strong dependence of spike molecular aging on the environmental conditions. Deamidation of the spike receptor-binding motif decreases the equilibrium constant for binding to the hACE2 receptor more than 3.5-fold. A model for deamidation of the full SARS-CoV-2 virion illustrates that deamidation of the spike receptor-binding motif leads to the accumulation in the virion surface of a chemically diverse spike population in a timescale of days. Our findings provide a mechanism for molecular aging of the spike, with significant consequences for understanding virus infectivity and vaccine development.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.20.445042v1" target="_blank">Deamidation drives molecular aging of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding motif</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Generation of potent cellular and humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 antigens via conjugation to a polymeric glyco-adjuvant</strong> -
<div>
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused an unprecedented global crisis, and curtailing its spread requires an effective vaccine which elicits a diverse and robust immune response. We have previously shown that vaccines made of a polymeric glyco-adjuvant conjugated to an antigen were effective in triggering such a response in other disease models and hypothesized that the technology could be adapted to create an effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. The core of the vaccine platform is the copolymer p(Man-TLR7), composed of monomers with pendant mannose or a toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist. Thus, p(Man-TLR7) is designed to target relevant antigen-presenting cells (APCs) via mannose-binding receptors and then activate TLR7 upon endocytosis. The p(Man-TLR7) construct is amenable to conjugation to protein antigens such as the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, yielding Spike-p(Man-TLR7). Here, we demonstrate Spike-p(Man-TLR7) vaccination elicits robust antigen-specific cellular and humoral responses in mice. In adult and elderly wild-type mice, vaccination with Spike-p(Man-TLR7) generates high and long-lasting titers of anti-Spike IgGs, with neutralizing titers exceeding levels in convalescent human serum. Interestingly, adsorbing Spike-p(Man-TLR7) to the depot-forming adjuvant alum, amplified the broadly neutralizing humoral responses to levels matching those in mice vaccinated with formulations based off of clinically-approved adjuvants. Additionally, we observed an increase in germinal center B cells, antigen-specific antibody secreting cells, activated T follicular helper cells, and polyfunctional Th1-cytokine producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. We conclude that Spike-p(Man-TLR7) is an attractive, next-generation subunit vaccine candidate, capable of inducing durable and robust antibody and T cell responses.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.20.445060v1" target="_blank">Generation of potent cellular and humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 antigens via conjugation to a polymeric glyco-adjuvant</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>6’,6’-Difluoro-aristeromycin is a potent inhibitor of MERS-coronavirus replication</strong> -
<div>
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has highlighted the lack of treatments to combat infections with human or (potentially) zoonotic CoVs. Thus, it is critical to develop and evaluate antiviral compounds that either directly target CoV functions or modulate host functions involved in viral replication. Here, we demonstrate that low-micromolar concentrations of 6’,6’-difluoro-aristeromycin (DFA), an adenosine nucleoside analogue, strongly inhibit the replication of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in a cell-based infection assay. DFA was designed to target S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) hydrolase and, consequently, may affect intracellular levels of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine, which is used by two CoV methyltransferases involved in the capping of the 5 end of the viral mRNAs. Passaging of wild-type MERS-CoV in the presence of DFA selected a mutant with a ~100-fold decreased DFA sensitivity. This drug-resistant population carried various amino acid substitutions in the viral nonstructural proteins (nsp), including mutations in nsp16, which has 2-O-methyltransferase activity, and nsp13, which contains a nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase activity that has also been implicated in CoV capping. Based on our results, we hypothesize that DFA directly or indirectly affects viral cap methylation, either by inhibiting the viral enzymes involved or by binding to SAH hydrolase. We also evaluated the antiviral activity of DFA against other betacoronaviruses, but found it to have limited impact on their replication, while being quite cytotoxic to the Calu-3 cells used for this comparison. Nevertheless, our results justify the further characterization of DFA derivatives as an inhibitor of MERS-CoV replication.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.20.445077v1" target="_blank">6’,6’-Difluoro-aristeromycin is a potent inhibitor of MERS-coronavirus replication</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Identification of a novel lineage bat SARS-related coronaviruses that use bat ACE2 receptor</strong> -
<div>
Severe respiratory disease coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the most devastating disease, COVID-19, of the recent century. One of the unsolved scientific questions around SARS-CoV-2 is the animal origin of this virus. Bats and pangolins are recognized as the most probable reservoir hosts that harbor the highly similar SARS-CoV-2 related viruses (SARSr-CoV-2). Here, we report the identification of a novel lineage of SARSr-CoVs, including RaTG15 and seven other viruses, from bats at the same location where we found RaTG13 in 2015. Although RaTG15 and the related viruses share 97.2% amino acid sequence identities to SARS-CoV-2 in the conserved ORF1b region, but only show less than 77.6% to all known SARSr-CoVs in genome level, thus forms a distinct lineage in the Sarbecovirus phylogenetic tree. We then found that RaTG15 receptor binding domain (RBD) can bind to and use Rhinolophus affinis bat ACE2 (RaACE2) but not human ACE2 as entry receptor, although which contains a short deletion and has different key residues responsible for ACE2 binding. In addition, we show that none of the known viruses in bat SARSr-CoV-2 lineage or the novel lineage discovered so far use human ACE2 efficiently compared to SARSr-CoV-2 from pangolin or some of the SARSr-CoV-1 lineage viruses. Collectively, we suggest more systematic and longitudinal work in bats to prevent future spillover events caused by SARSr-CoVs or to better understand the origin of SARS-CoV-2.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.21.445091v1" target="_blank">Identification of a novel lineage bat SARS-related coronaviruses that use bat ACE2 receptor</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Probenecid Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication In Vivo and In Vitro</strong> -
<div>
Effective vaccines are slowing the COVID-19 pandemic, but SARS-CoV-2 will likely remain an issue in the future making it important to have therapeutics to treat patients. There are few options for treating patients with COVID-19. We show probenecid potently blocks SARS-CoV-2 replication in mammalian cells and virus replication in a hamster model. Furthermore, we demonstrate that plasma concentrations up to 50-fold higher than the protein binding adjusted IC90 value are achievable for 24h following a single oral dose. These data support the potential clinical utility of probenecid to control SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.21.445119v1" target="_blank">Probenecid Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication In Vivo and In Vitro</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>A SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody selected from COVID-19 patients by phage display is binding to the ACE2-RBD interface and is tolerant to most known recently emerging RBD mutations</strong> -
<div>
The novel betacoranavirus SARS-CoV-2 causes a form of severe pneumonia disease, termed COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). Recombinant human antibodies are proven potent neutralizers of viruses and can block the interaction of viral surface proteins with their host receptors. To develop neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, antibody gene libraries from convalescent COVID-19 patients were constructed and recombinant antibody fragments (scFv) against the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the S1 subunit of the viral spike (S) protein were selected by phage display. The selected antibodies were produced in the scFv-Fc format and 30 showed more than 80% inhibition of spike (S1-S2) binding to cells expressing ACE2, assessed by flow cytometry screening assay. The majority of these inhibiting antibodies are derived from the VH3-66 V-gene. The antibody STE90-C11 showed a sub nM IC50 in a plaque-based live SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay. The in vivo efficacy of the antibody was demonstrated in the Syrian hamster and in the hACE2 mice model using a silenced human IgG1 Fc part. The crystal structure of STE90-C11 Fab in complex with SARS-CoV-2-RBD was solved at 2.0 Angstrom resolution showing that the antibody binds at the same region as ACE2 to RBD. The binding and inhibtion of STE90-C11 is not blocked by many known RBD mutations including N439K, L452R, E484K or L452R+E484Q (emerging B.1.617). STE90-C11 derived human IgG1 with Fc-gamma receptor silenced Fc (COR-101) is currently undergoing Phase Ib/II clinical trials for the treatment of moderate to severe COVID-19.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.03.409318v2" target="_blank">A SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody selected from COVID-19 patients by phage display is binding to the ACE2-RBD interface and is tolerant to most known recently emerging RBD mutations</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Porndemic? A longitudinal study of pornography use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a nationally representative sample of Americans</strong> -
<div>
Of the many changes in daily life brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing efforts and governmentally mandated lockdowns were among the most drastic. Coinciding with these changes, popular pornography websites made some previously premium content available for free, spurring dramatic increases in traffic to these websites. This increase in time spent at home and reported increases in traffic to specific pornographic websites led to some speculation that pornography use might generally increase over the course of the pandemic and that problematic use might also increase. To test these speculations and quantify the effects of the pandemic and its associated restrictions on social behaviors on pornography use, we analyzed data from a longitudinal sample of American adults. Baseline, nationally representative data were collected in August, 2019 via YouGov (N=2,518). Subsequent data were collected in February, 2020 (n=1,677), May, 2020 (n=1,533), August, 2020 (n=1,470), and October, 2020 (n=1,269). Results indicated that, in May, 2020, immediately following the height of the first wave of pandemic related lockdowns, more people reported past month pornography use than at any other time point. Among those who reported use in May, 2020, only 14% reported increases in use since the start of the pandemic, and their use returned to levels similar to all other users by August of 2020. In general, pornography use trended downward over the pandemic, for both men and women. Problematic pornography use trended downward for men and remained low and unchanged in women. Collectively, these results suggests that many fears about pornography use during pandemic related lockdowns were largely not supported by available data.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/kjvbr/" target="_blank">Porndemic? A longitudinal study of pornography use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a nationally representative sample of Americans</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Epidemiological characteristics of three SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and implications for future COVID-19 pandemic outcomes</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Three SARS-CoV-2 variants classified as variants of concern - B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1 - have spread globally. To characterize their viral and epidemiological properties in support of public health planning, we develop and apply a model-inference system to estimate the changes in transmissibility and immune escape for each variant, based on case and mortality data from the country where each variant emerged. Accounting for under-detection of infection, disease seasonality, concurrent non-pharmaceutical interventions, and mass-vaccination, we estimate that B.1.1.7 has a 46.6% (95% CI: 32.3 - 54.6%) increase in transmissibility but nominal immune escape from protection induced by prior wild-type infection; B.1.351 has a 32.4% (95% CI: 14.6 - 48.0%) increase in transmissibility and 61.3% (95% CI: 42.6 - 85.8%) immune escape; and P.1 has a 43.3% (95% CI: 30.3 - 65.3%) increase in transmissibility and 52.5% (95% CI: 0 - 75.8%) immune escape. Model simulations indicate that B.1.351 and P.1 could supplant B.1.1.7 dominance and lead to increased infections. Our findings highlight the importance of preventing the spread of B.1.351 and P.1, in addition to B.1.1.7, via continued preventive measures, prompt mass-vaccination of all populations, continued monitoring of vaccine efficacy, and possible updating of vaccine formulations to ensure high efficacy.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.19.21257476v1" target="_blank">Epidemiological characteristics of three SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and implications for future COVID-19 pandemic outcomes</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 infection of BNT162b2(mRNA)-vaccinated individuals is not restricted to variants of concern or high-risk exposure environments</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) has raised questions regarding the extent of protection of currently implemented vaccines. Ten “vaccination breakthrough” infections were identified in Alachua County, Florida, among individuals fully vaccinated with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine as a result of social or household transmission. Eight individuals presented mild symptoms in the absence of infection with other common respiratory viruses, confirmed using viral genetic sequencing. SARS-CoV-2 genomes were successfully generated for five of the vaccine breakthroughs and 399 individuals in the surrounding area and were included for reference-based phylogenetic investigation. These five individuals were characterized by infection with both VOCs and low-frequency variants present within the surrounding population. Mutations in the Spike protein were consistent with their respective circulating lineages, with the exception of a viable, low-frequency (approximately 1%) B.1.1.7 mutation, which we describe as a mutation of potential concern. The findings indicate that in cases of limited vaccine protection, infection is not restricted to VOCs or high-risk settings, highlighting the critical need for continued testing and monitoring of infection among individuals regardless of vaccination status.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.19.21257237v1" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 infection of BNT162b2(mRNA)-vaccinated individuals is not restricted to variants of concern or high-risk exposure environments</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Short Telomeres and a T-Cell Shortfall in COVID-19: The Aging Effect</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Transient lymphopenia is a common feature of acute viral respiratory infections. The drastic and prolonged lymphopenia of COVID-19, however, is distinctive and largely stems from falling counts of T cells. This T-cell lymphopenia may contribute to the inordinate rise in COVID-19 mortality with older age, because naive T-cell clonal expansion is telomere length (TL)-dependent and TL of hematopoietic cells shortens with age. Here we present a biologically plausible model that links naive T-cell clonal expansion capacity and age-dependent hematopoietic cell TL (HCTL) shortening to explain the T- cell shortfall and the high COVID-19 mortality in older adults. The model shows that an individual with average HCTL at age twenty years maintains maximal T-cell clonal expansion capacity until the 6th decade of life when this capacity plummets by more than 90% over the next eight years. The collapse coincides with the steep increase in COVID-19 mortality with age. As young adults tend to maintain their relative HCTL over their life course, individuals with above and below average HCTL respectively experience the drop in maximal T-cell clonal expansion capacity at older and younger ages. HCTL metrics may thus explain the vulnerability of older adults to COVID-19 and predict the capacity for T-cell clonal expansion following vaccination against the virus.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.19.21257474v1" target="_blank">Short Telomeres and a T-Cell Shortfall in COVID-19: The Aging Effect</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Recombinant Hyperimmune Polyclonal Antibody (GIGA-2050) in COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: GIGA-2050<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   GigaGen, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Using Text Messages to Improve COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake, an RCT.</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: Text message content<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust;   Central London CCG;   Imperial College Health Partners;   Institute for Global Health Innovations;   The Behavioural Insights Team<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Evaluate the Effects of RO7496998 (AT-527) in Non-Hospitalized Adult and Adolescent Participants With Mild or Moderate COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: RO7496998;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Atea Pharmaceuticals, Inc.;   Hoffmann-La Roche<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Role of High Dose Co-trimoxazole in Severe Covid-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19 Pneumonia<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Co-trimoxazole;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Effect of STC3141 Continuous Infusion in Subjects With Severe Corona Virus Disease 2019（COVID-19）Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: STC3141<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Grand Medical Pty Ltd.;   Trium Clinical Consulting<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on COVID-19 Recovery</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Vit-D 0.2 MG/ML Oral Solution [Calcidol];   Drug: Physiological Irrigating Solution<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   University of Monastir;   Loussaief Chawki;   Nissaf Ben Alaya;   Cyrine Ben Nasrallah;   Manel Ben Belgacem;   Hela Abroug;   Imen Zemni;   Manel Ben fredj;   Wafa Dhouib<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Phase 2 Study of APX-115 in Hospitalized Patients With Confirmed Mild to Moderate COVID-19.</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: APX-115;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Aptabio Therapeutics, Inc.;   Covance<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Prophylaxis for COVID-19: Ivermectin in Close Contacts of COVID-19 Cases (IVERNEX-TUC)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Ivermectin;   Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Ministry of Public Health, Argentina<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Breathing Effort in Covid-19 Pneumonia: Effects of Positive Pressure, Inspired Oxygen Fraction and Decubitus</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19 Pneumonia<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Device: Esophageal catheter<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mix and Match of the Second COVID-19 Vaccine Dose for Safety and Immunogenicity</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine;   Biological: BNT162b2;   Biological: ChAdOx1-S [recombinant];   Other: 0, 28 day schedule;   Other: 0, 112 day schedule<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Canadian Immunization Research Network;   Canadian Center for Vaccinology;   BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute;   Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba;   CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval;   Ottawa Hospital Research Institute;   Northern Alberta Clinical Trials + Research Centre;   Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion;   University of Toronto;   Massachusetts General Hospital<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Anti COVID 19 Intravenous Immunoglobulin (C-IVIG) Therapy for Severe COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: Anti COVID 19 Intravenous Immunoglobulin (C-IVIG)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Dow University of Health Sciences;   Higher Education Commission (Pakistan)<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>ACTIV-6: COVID-19 Study of Repurposed Medications</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Ivermectin Tablets<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Susanna Naggie, MD;   National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS);   Vanderbilt University Medical Center<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Global Phase III Clinical Trial of Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine (Sf9 Cells)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: Recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (Sf9 cells);   Other: Placebo control<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Jiangsu Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;   WestVac Biopharma Co., Ltd.;   West China Hospital<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Amantadine for COVID-19: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled, Double-blinded, Clinical Trial</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Amantadine;   Drug: Lactose monohydrate<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre;   University of Copenhagen<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>3R Rehabilitation Management of COVID-19 Survivors</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Other: Cardiopulmonary exercise (centre-based);   Other: Cardiopulmonary exercise (online-based)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   The Hong Kong Polytechnic University;   Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong;   Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong;   Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong;   Tuen Mun Hospital Hong Kong<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Intragastric and atomized administration of canagliflozin inhibit inflammatory cytokine storm in lipopolysaccharide-treated sepsis in mice: A potential COVID-19 treatment</strong> - To date, drugs to attenuate cytokine storm in severe cases of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are not available. In this study, we investigated the effects of intragastric and atomized administration of canagliflozin (CAN) on cytokine storm in lung tissues of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced mice. Results showed that intragastric administration of CAN significantly and widely inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines in lung tissues of LPS-induced sepsis mice. Simultaneously,…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The interaction of the bioflavonoids with five SARS-CoV-2 proteins targets: An in silico study</strong> - Flavonoids have been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, antibacterial and antiviral efficacy. Therefore, in this study, we choose 85 flavonoid compounds and screened them to determine their in-silico interaction with protein targets crucial for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The five important targets chosen were the main protease (Mpro), Spike receptor binding domain (Spike-RBD), RNA - dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp or Nsp12), non-structural protein 15 (Nsp15) of…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The SARS-CoV-2 SSHHPS Recognized by the Papain-like Protease</strong> - Viral proteases are highly specific and recognize conserved cleavage site sequences of ∼6-8 amino acids. Short stretches of homologous host-pathogen sequences (SSHHPS) can be found spanning the viral protease cleavage sites. We hypothesized that these sequences corresponded to specific host protein targets since &gt;40 host proteins have been shown to be cleaved by Group IV viral proteases and one Group VI viral protease. Using PHI-BLAST and the viral protease cleavage site sequences, we searched…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Tocilizumab in COVID-19: a meta-analysis, trial sequential analysis, and meta-regression of randomized-controlled trials</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: For hospitalized COVID-19 patients, there is some evidence that tocilizumab use may be associated with a short-term mortality benefit, but further high-quality data are required. Its benefits may also lie in reducing the need for mechanical ventilation.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>In silico Studies on the Interaction Between Mpro and PLpro From SARS-CoV-2 and Ebselen, its Metabolites and Derivatives</strong> - The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 has mobilized scientific attention in search of a treatment. The cysteine-proteases, main protease (Mpro) and papain-like protease (PLpro) are important targets for antiviral drugs. In this work, we simulate the interactions between the Mpro and PLpro with Ebselen, its metabolites and derivatives with the aim of finding molecules that can potentially inhibit these enzymes. The docking data demonstrate that there are two main interactions between the…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies as potential treatment in COVID-19</strong> - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with irreversible effects on vital organs, especially the respiratory and cardiac systems. While the immune system plays a key role in the survival of patients to viral infections, in COVID-19, there is a hyperinflammatory immune response evoked by all the immune cells, such as neutrophils, monocytes, and includes release of various cytokines, resulting in an exaggerated immune response, named cytokine storm. This severe, dysregulated immune…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>In silico Exploration of Interactions Between Potential COVID-19 Antiviral Treatments and the Pore of the hERG Potassium Channel-A Drug Antitarget</strong> - Background: In the absence of SARS-CoV-2 specific antiviral treatments, various repurposed pharmaceutical approaches are under investigation for the treatment of COVID-19. Antiviral drugs considered for this condition include atazanavir, remdesivir, lopinavir-ritonavir, and favipiravir. Whilst the combination of lopinavir and ritonavir has been previously linked to prolongation of the QT(c) interval on the ECG and risk of torsades de pointes arrhythmia, less is known in this regard about…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 Infection Risk: Insights From Patients With Two Rare Genetic Tubulopathies, Gitelman’s and Bartter’s Syndromes</strong> - COVID-19 is spreading globally with the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)-2 serving as the entry point of SARS-CoV-2 virus. This raised concerns how ACE2 and the Renin-Angiotensin (Ang)-System (RAS) are to be dealt with given their roles in hypertension and their involvement in COVID-19’s morbidity and mortality. Specifically, increased ACE2 expression in response to treatment with ACE inhibitors (ACEi) and Ang II receptor blockers (ARBs) might theoretically increase COVID-19 risk by…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Tranilast: a potential anti-Inflammatory and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor drug for COVID-19</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 is a type of beta-CoV that develops acute pneumonia, which is an inflammatory condition. A cytokine storm has been recognized as one of the leading causes of death in patients with COVID-19. ALI and ARDS along with multiple organ failure have also been presented as the consequences of acute inflammation and cytokine storm. It has been previously confirmed that SARS-CoV, as another member of the beta-CoV family, activates NLRP3 inflammasome and consequently develops acute inflammation…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Epigallocatechin Gallate Inhibits the Uridylate-Specific Endoribonuclease Nsp15 and Efficiently Neutralizes the SARS-CoV-2 Strain</strong> - SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus strain that initiated the COVID-19 pandemic, and its subsequent variants present challenges to vaccine development and treatment. As the coronavirus evades the host innate immune response at the initial stage of infection, the disease can have a long nonsymptomatic period. The uridylate-specific endoribonuclease Nsp15 processes the viral genome for replication and cleaves the polyU sequence in the viral RNA to interfere with the host immune system. This study screened…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Marine sulfated polysaccharides as potential antiviral drug candidates to treat Corona Virus disease (COVID-19)</strong> - The viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 has increased the mortality rate and engaged several adverse effects on the affected individuals. Currently available antiviral drugs have found to be unsuccessful in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The demand for efficient antiviral drugs has created a huge burden on physicians and health workers. Plasma therapy seems to be less accomplishable due to insufficient donors to donate plasma and low recovery rate from viral infection. Repurposing of…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Azithromycin: Immunomodulatory and Antiviral Properties for SARS-CoV-2 Infection</strong> - Azithromycin, a member of the macrolide family of antibiotics, is commonly used to treat respiratory bacterial infections. Nevertheless, multiple pharmacological effects of the drug have been revealed in several investigations. Conceivably, the immunomodulatory properties of azithromycin are among its critical features, leading to its application in treating inflammatory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Additionally, azithromycin may directly inhibit…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>DC/L-SIGN recognition of spike glycoprotein promotes SARS-CoV-2 trans-infection and can be inhibited by a glycomimetic antagonist</strong> - The efficient spread of SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a unique pandemic in modern history. Despite early identification of ACE2 as the receptor for viral spike protein, much remains to be understood about the molecular events behind viral dissemination. We evaluated the contribution of C-type lectin receptors (CLRS) of antigen-presenting cells, widely present in respiratory mucosa and lung tissue. DC-SIGN, L-SIGN, Langerin and MGL bind to diverse glycans of the spike using multiple interaction areas….</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Interleukin-6 Inhibition Reduces Neuronal Injury In A Murine Model of Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury</strong> - Mechanical ventilation is a known risk factor for delirium, a cognitive impairment characterized by frontal cortex and hippocampal dysfunction. Although interleukin-6 (IL-6) is upregulated in mechanical ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI) and may contribute to delirium, it is not known whether inhibition of systemic IL-6 mitigates delirium-relevant neuropathology. To histologically define neuropathological effects of IL-6 inhibition in an experimental VILI model. VILI was simulated in…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Marine algal antagonists targeting 3CL protease and spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2: a computational approach for anti-COVID-19 drug discovery</strong> - The COVID-19 pandemic has severely destructed human life worldwide, with no suitable treatment until now. SARS-CoV-2 virus is unprecedented, resistance against number of therapeutics and spreading rapidly with high mortality, which warrants the need to discover new effective drugs to combat this situation. This current study is undertaken to explore the antiviral potential of marine algal compounds to inhibit the viral entry and its multiplication using computational analysis. Among the proven…</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>IMPROVEMENTS RELATED TO PARTICLE, INCLUDING SARS-CoV-2, DETECTION AND METHODS THEREFOR</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU323295937">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A COMPREHENSIVE DISINFECTION SYSTEM DURING PANDEMIC FOR PERSONAL ITEMS AND PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) TO SAFEGUARD PEOPLE</strong> - The current Covid-19 pandemic has led to an enormous demand for gadgets / objects for personal protection. To prevent the spread of virus, it is important to disinfect commonly touched objects. One of the ways suggested is to use a personal UV-C disinfecting box that is “efficient and effective in deactivating the COVID-19 virus. The present model has implemented the use of a UV transparent material (fused silica quartz glass tubes) as the medium of support for the objects to be disinfected to increase the effectiveness of disinfection without compromising the load bearing capacity. Aluminum foil, a UV reflecting material, was used as the inner lining of the box for effective utilization of the UVC light emitted by the UVC lamps. Care has been taken to prevent leakage of UVC radiation out of the system. COVID-19 virus can be inactivated in 5 minutes by UVC irradiation in this disinfection box - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN322882412">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING SYSTEM FOR MENTAL HEALTH MONITORING OF PERSON DURING THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU323295498">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>USE OF IMINOSUGAR COMPOUND IN PREPARATION OF ANTI-SARS-COV-2 VIRUS DRUG</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU322897928">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种高灵敏SARS-CoV-2中和抗体的检测方法、检测试剂盒</strong> - 本发明公开了一种高灵敏SARS‑CoV‑2中和抗体的检测方法、检测试剂盒，属于生物医学检测技术领域，本发明试剂盒包括层析试纸、卡壳和样本稀释液，所述层析试纸包括底板、样品垫、结合垫、NC膜和吸水垫，所述NC膜上依次设置有捕获线、检测线和质控线，所述捕获线包被有ACE2蛋白，所述检测线包被有RBD蛋白，所述结合垫设置有RBD蛋白标记物；本发明采用阻断法加夹心法原理提高检测中和抗体的灵敏度，通过添加捕获线的方式，将靶向RBD的非中和抗体提前捕获，保证后续通过夹心法检测中和抗体的特异性。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN323798634">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>逆转录酶突变体及其应用</strong> - 本发明提供一种MMLV逆转录酶突变体，在野生型MMLV逆转录酶氨基酸序列（如SEQ ID No.1序列所示）中进行七个氨基酸位点的突变，氨基酸突变位点为：R205H；V288T；L304K；G525D；S526D；E531G；E574G。该突变体可以降低MMLV逆转录酶对Taq DNA聚合酶的抑制作用，大大提高了一步法RT‑qPCR的灵敏度。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN323494119">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Compositions and methods for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU321590214">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>用于检测新型冠状病毒的试纸和试剂盒</strong> - 本发明涉及生物技术和免疫检测技术领域，具体涉及一种用于检测新型冠状病毒的试纸和试剂盒。所述试纸或试剂盒含有抗体1和/或抗体2，所述抗体1的重、轻链可变区的氨基酸序列分别如SEQ ID NO:1‑2所示，所述抗体2的重、轻链可变区的氨基酸序列分别如SEQ ID NO:3‑4所示。本发明对于大批量的新型冠状病毒样本，包括新型冠状病毒突变（英国、南非）与非突变株的人血清、鼻咽拭子等样本的检测有普遍检测意义，避免突变株的漏检。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN322953478">link</a></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Fahrgastleitsystem und Verfahren zum Leiten von Fahrgästen</strong> -
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
</p><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fahrgastleitsystem zum Leiten von mit einem Fahrzeug (1) mit wenigstens zwei Türen (2.L, 2.R) transportieren Fahrgästen (3), mit wenigstens einem Sensor (4) zur Überwachung der Fahrgäste (3), wenigstens einem Anzeigemittel (5) zur Ausgabe von Leitinformationen, wenigstens einem Aktor zum Öffnen oder Verriegeln einer Tür (2.L, 2.R) und wenigstens einer Recheneinheit (7). Das erfindungsgemäße Fahrgastleitsystem ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Recheneinheit (7) dazu eingerichtet ist durch Auswertung vom wenigstens einen Sensor (4) erzeugter Sensordaten zu erkennen an welcher Tür (2.L, 2.R) des Fahrzeugs (1) Fahrgäste (3) ein- und/oder aussteigen möchten und wenigstens eine Tür (2.L, 2.R) für einen Ausstieg festzulegen und/oder wenigstens eine Tür (2.L, 2.R) für einen Einstieg festzulegen, sodass eine Anzahl an Begegnungen von sich durch das Fahrzeug (1) bewegender Fahrgäste (3) und/oder aus dem Fahrzeug (1) aussteigenden und/oder in das Fahrzeug (1) einsteigenden Fahrgästen (3) minimiert wird.</p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=DE323289145">link</a></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Vorrichtung zum Desinfizieren, der Körperpflege oder dergleichen</strong> -
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
</p><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Vorrichtung zum Desinfizieren, der Körperpflege oder dergleichen mittels einer flüssigen oder cremigen Substanz (20), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung mit einem elektrisch betriebenen Erinnerungs-Modul und einem Vorratsbehälter (10) für die Substanz (20) versehen ist, die Substanz (20) in dosierter Menge zur Ausgabeöffnung (9) gefördert wird und die Vorrichtung dazu geeignet ist, am Körper oder der Kleidung einer Person getragen zu werden.</p></li>
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<li><a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=DE323289850">link</a></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How Violent Cops Stay in Law Enforcement</strong> - Derek Colling was fired from one police department after two fatal shootings and allegations of brutality. Less than a year later, he had a new badge. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/us-journal/how-violent-cops-stay-in-law-enforcement">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Tensions Inside a Mixed Jewish-Arab City in Israel</strong> - Cities such as Lod are experiencing the worst bouts of internecine violence since the country’s founding. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/the-tensions-inside-a-mixed-jewish-arab-city-in-israel">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The G.O.P. Looks for New Ways to Ignore the Capitol Riot</strong> - As a House vote on a bipartisan commission to study the insurrection made clear, it’s Trumpists vs. the truth. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-gop-looks-for-new-ways-to-ignore-january-6th">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Struggle to Improve Vaccination Rates Among Latinos in New York</strong> - Vast disparities in immunization levels persist between the city’s communities. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-local-correspondents/the-struggle-to-improve-vaccination-rates-among-latinos-in-new-york">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Eric Adams Wants to CompStat New York City</strong> - As a cop, he spoke out against police abuse. As a mayoral front-runner, he’s speaking up for the police. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-local-correspondents/eric-adams-wants-to-compstat-new-york-city">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Master of None season 3 is an artfully filmed disappointment</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="Denise and Alicia do laundry and have a dance party." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/L20RwLHzaFIFwhKoK74pj2eBzkM=/0x0:4441x3331/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/69325938/MON_SG_301_00032C.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Denise and Alicia dance while doing laundry in the third season premiere of <em>Master of None</em>. | Courtesy of Netflix
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
<em>Moments in Love</em> is a radically progressive departure for the series — held back by its too-rigid filmmaking.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xLgHFE">
<a href="https://www.netflix.com/title/80049714"><em>Master of None</em></a><em> </em>has always been about co-creator and lead actor Aziz Ansari’s enthusiasms. From his love of great food to his love of New York, the show lets him articulate his passions beautifully, through his writing, direction, and performance.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="31Yc9d">
The show also wound up being a way for Ansari to demonstrate his enjoyment of classic arthouse cinema. He directed more and more episodes across its first two seasons, incorporating more classicist techniques from famed European films of the mid-20th century, and <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/5/13/15628546/master-of-none-review-season-2-netflix">season two</a> actually featured a shot of the Criterion editions of classic films early in its run. (Among those films was Vittorio de Sica’s famed Italian masterpiece <em>Bicycle Thieves</em> — and, fittingly, <em>Master of None</em>’s season two premiere was about Ansari’s character, Dev, having his bicycle stolen.)
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YT6coh">
At first blush, the show’s third season, its first new season in just over four years, would seem to go against this tendency of its (now former) star. Ansari barely appears in season three, and he’s one of just two men with roles of any prominence. The story focuses, instead, on the marriage between Denise (Lena Waithe), a supporting character in the first two seasons, and new character Alicia (Naomi Ackie). Over the course of the season’s five episodes (which range from 20 minutes to 55 minutes long), the two navigate relationship strife, much of which stems from attempts to have a baby, first via artificial insemination and later via IVF.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wPgiti">
I want to say here that this season is <em>very intentionally</em> not a comedy. I think I laughed once. <em>Master of None</em> was never a laugh-a-second show, but it did have jokes throughout its first two seasons. These five episodes peer into some very difficult moments in two women’s lives; as such, even when the tone is lighter, there are almost no intentional jokes. For me, that was fine. Your mileage may vary.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VAajGm">
In theory, as a queer woman who’s exploring options to have a baby with her wife, when both of us are well past our years of peak fertility, I should be an easy mark for this narrative. But I felt constantly distanced from <em>Master of None</em>’s third season — which is technically called <em>Master of None Presents Moments in Love</em>, but good luck getting people to call it anything other than “season three” — and the reasons for that distancing largely boil down to Ansari’s direction.
</p>
<h3 id="eKBpp0">
<em>Master of None</em>’s visual aesthetic is too often at odds with the story it’s telling
</h3>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt="Alicia lays on a tree and looks up at the sky." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/Ufg82pt1_iXtVbCAs_MKS_GYstY=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22531512/MON_SG_301_00042C.jpg"/> <cite>Courtesy of Netflix</cite>
<figcaption>
Alicia takes a moment to herself.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="anG0Qd">
Ansari directed all five episodes, all of which he also co-wrote with Waithe. His direction of the season consists of static wide shots, only cutting in for an extreme, intimate close-up at a key emotional moment. The frames are perfectly composed, each and every element within them placed with exactitude. Ansari holds these shots for long periods of time, letting his camera stay fixed while his actors move into and out of the frame, rather than, say, following Denise when she goes into the kitchen from the dining room. We’ll hear her voice from off-camera instead.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LKwtbw">
(Here is where I will note that <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/1/17/16897440/aziz-ansari-allegations-babe-me-too">Ansari was accused in early 2018</a> of being too sexually forward on a date. Ansari said he thought what happened on the date was consensual; the woman accusing him did not. As Me Too-spurred allegations against famous men went, the one against Ansari was comparatively mild, but it’s easy to wonder if the allegations spurred him to work more behind the scenes on <em>Master of None</em>’s third season. Yet back when season two launched in spring 2017, Ansari was already saying that he <a href="https://www.vulture.com/2017/04/aziz-ansari-master-of-none-season-2.html">thought season three would take years to arrive</a>, so a long gap between seasons was always planned. Season three’s stripped-down story was further affected from being produced during the Covid-19 pandemic.)
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gWDBmN">
Because Ansari shoots <em>Moments in Love</em> in a narrower, slightly boxier aspect ratio than we’re used to seeing on modern television — a 4:3 aspect ratio, which was dominant for most of the medium’s history, up until widescreen TVs became more prevalent in the 2000s — scenes often look a little crowded, especially when there are more than two people in them (and, honestly, sometimes when there are only two people in them).
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dGZv82">
There’s nothing inherently wrong with this approach, and at times, <em>Moments in Love</em> benefits from it. But the overall effect holds viewers at arm’s length throughout the season’s 4.5-hour running time, and that works to <em>Master of None</em>’s detriment.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OPu0HW">
It took me a bit to figure out what Ansari’s direction was nodding toward most often, but after rewatching several key sequences, I realized the director is paying homage to <em>Scenes From a Marriage</em>, a 1973 TV miniseries from the great Swedish director Ingmar Bergman. (<em>Scenes From a Marriage </em>was re-edited into a shorter feature film version for its initial release in the US in 1974; both versions are now available via Criterion.) <em>Moments in Love</em> has a similar aspect ratio as <em>Scenes From a Marriage</em>, and both projects rely on static shots held for long lengths of time, as the actors move within those shots.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CUQDdd">
Bergman is not the only great director to have used a “fly on the wall” approach to telling a realistic story, but Ansari seems to have <em>Scenes From a Marriage</em> in mind when filming, say, Denise and Alicia in bed together. Bergman’s detachment from his central married couple in that film reflected both their distance from each other (because the camera was so far away) and how trapped they felt (because of the slightly more confining shape of the frame). But as <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYTWuIMoT18">you’ll see in this scene</a>, Bergman would cut in for close-ups on his actors when they were feeling particularly passionate. Ansari doesn’t do this.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hDYReM">
On the one hand, <em>Moments in Love</em>’s overall approach, beyond its visuals, is a radical one, and it shows the hand of Waithe both at the writing and at the performance stage. Taking the work of Bergman — one of the greatest directors of the Western canon, but whose work was only ever subtextually queer and was always about people of European descent — and transforming his ideas so that they now center a Black queer couple is transgressive on at least some level. What does a story about the ups and downs of a marriage mean when you make it about two Black women? What stays the same, and what changes, if anything?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="S8Dfqn">
Automatically, the process of having a baby becomes more fraught, and some of the best sequences of <em>Moments in Love</em> are about the difficulties of pursuing fertility treatments as a lesbian couple. In a perhaps too-didactic scene, a doctor informs Alicia that there just <em>isn’t</em> an insurance code for a lesbian couple (or a single woman) to have a child via IVF in the same way there is for a straight couple. It’s the kind of quietly devastating moment that Ansari’s direction was designed to capture perfectly, and it feels clearly informed by Waithe, a lesbian, telling this particular story.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8vsrI2">
The season’s fourth episode — which is all about the ups and downs of fertility care — is its best single installment, and it honestly might stand on its own for the curious. When the camera enters the operating room for embryo transplants or egg harvesting, the cool, clinically detached approach that Ansari favors feels as if it dissociates from the characters entirely, to the scene’s benefit. In order to become pregnant this way, a certain distance from the body must occur.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AICbop">
But the season struck me as too artistically conservative in many places. In particular, <em>Moments in Love</em> requires you to be all in on Denise and Alicia’s marriage early on for the later strife they face throughout the fertility treatment process to land. But pulling the camera back from them as a default and placing them within a narrow, boxy frame creates the subconscious sense that they’re already trapped in their relationship. We’re longing for them to escape it long before we should be.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zh7uwJ">
Again, this “fly on the wall” style <em>can</em> be effective. The way the series uses the house Denise and Alicia share as a symbol of the state of their relationship at any given time is wonderfully effective (pay attention to scenes where the two do laundry), and the series’ only significant close-up is <em>tremendous</em> when it finally arrives. It packs a wallop.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WUVY58">
Maybe we are supposed to think Denise and Alicia are trapped from frame one. Yet if that’s the case, I’m not sure this series knows what they’re trapped by.
</p>
<h3 id="ubWFR6">
<em>Master of None</em> tries to escape the aesthetics of affluence in season three, but it doesn’t go far enough
</h3>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt="Alicia and Denise look out at a green, green field, leaning on the fence." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/AEZhAPDSiU8eRexEcDnZy-dGf1M=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22531514/MON_SG_305_00026C.jpg"/> <cite>Courtesy of Netflix</cite>
<figcaption>
If nothing else, the house in this season has really cool grounds to wander around on.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="L347mw">
Broadly speaking, <em>Master of None </em>belongs to a TV comedy subgenre we might call the “short film sitcom.” The core idea of this type of series means that every episode is its own short film, often centered on the perspective of a singular auteur, who often directs, writes, and stars in the series. Examples would include FX’s <em>Louie</em> and <em>Atlanta</em> and HBO’s <em>Girls</em> and <em>Insecure</em>, but there are many more than just those few. (Remember TV Land’s <em>The Jim Gaffigan Show</em>?)
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HHZ4Qp">
Central to many of these series is an idea that the characters don’t particularly have to worry about money. <em>Girls</em> may have opened with a scene where Hannah’s parents told her she could no longer rely on them to fund her adventures, but she <em>had</em> parents who funded her adventures. Sam Fox on FX’s <em>Better Things</em> stresses about money sometimes, but she also owns a house in Los Angeles and works intermittently as an actor. Money is a fleeting concern in these shows, not a constant one.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Db09j2">
Not every show in this format can be so blasé about economic matters. <em>Atlanta</em> is one of the best TV series ever made about the ways that people in poverty organize their lives to stretch every last dollar they have (and about the horrible structures that keep impoverished people impoverished). But typically, this style of storytelling carries within it an assumption of wealth and power and privilege.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="lDDATz">
Yet the fact remains: Not having to constantly worry about money is a privilege, and the short-film sitcom, whose stylistic roots lie in highbrow film comedies that center on characters who spend most of their time pursuing pure aesthetic pleasures and pondering the deeper mysteries of the universe, is too often rooted in that privilege. There is nothing wrong with telling a story focused on these issues. Many great films and TV shows tackle characters who are economically comfortable.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="i9J1Hx">
Yet <em>Moments in Love</em> seems, fitfully, to want to look at this question of economic privilege. An assumption of economic comfort certainly animated the first two seasons of <em>Master of None</em>. The characters’ affluence, particularly in season two, was mostly presented matter of factly. Though the show was able to step outside the affluent bubble of its central character, its portrayal of New York could never quite leave the perspective of the people paying service-industry employees; it failed to explore the perspective of the service-industry employees themselves, even when it explicitly tried. (To its credit, <em>Master of None </em>tries much harder to shift its economic perspective than other comparable shows, as <a href="https://filmschoolrejects.com/class-politics-master-of-none/">Andrew Karpan at Film School Rejects points out</a>.)
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fa77qW">
In its early going,<em> Moments in Love</em> has the same vague “lifestyles section of the New York Times” visual aesthetic of <em>Master of None</em>’s other two seasons. The house Denise and Alicia share is almost aggressively cozy, and it feels isolated from the rest of the world, like the couple lives inside of <a href="https://www.pinterest.com/pin/291537775883464626/">Taylor Swift’s photoshoot</a> for her cottagecore album <em>folklore</em>. In later episodes, the series complicates its own affluent coziness, and we do learn that some characters from the first two seasons are having economic troubles. <em>Master of None</em> is interested in the ways that its characters’ blinkered perspectives shift with their economic rise and fall, and its examinations of how expensive it is to pursue IVF treatments help to ground this consideration.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HH5TeF">
But no matter how much <em>Master of None </em>explores questions about the way its characters’ access to wealth (or their lack of access) paints their view of the world, it is unwilling to push too far. The season finale still features a lengthy vacation that suggests the characters remain fairly well off when all is said and done.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qx09r1">
If we’re meant, on some level, to see Denise and Alicia as imprisoned by their circumstances in those early episodes but also to see them as being deeply in love (at least for a little while), then the obvious question is what is holding them in place. The series feints toward the idea that it’s financial and social success — that Denise and Alicia are so unable to imagine a life outside of the one we see early in the season that they make choices out of a fear of losing it, but that doesn’t track with much of what actually happens in the season.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2HABF2">
Instead, what imprisons Denise and Alicia is a question that <em>Master of None</em> doesn’t really bother to consider: Why?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LJ3lkw">
Many of us who are queer in America in 2021 are actively considering all of the ways in which the cisheteronormative ideals that most pop culture indulges in blind us to the ways in which those systems are not necessarily the way things have to be.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eFdkD1">
<em>Master of None</em> builds <em>Moments in Love</em> atop the assumption that the happiest life for Denise and Alicia is one of monogamous bliss in a beautiful cabin in the woods, and that having a baby might very well add to that bliss (though on that question, at least, Denise and Alicia don’t immediately agree). But what if it isn’t? What if there are other ways to organize a life, to raise a child, to consider oneself successful? <em>Moments in Love</em> flirts with those questions, but it never really engages with them, because it ultimately can’t think of another way to see the world. The tight frames of this season don’t imprison the characters. They imprison the show itself.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Dr6jP5">
Master of None Presents Moments in Love <em>(phew) debuts Sunday, May 23 </em><a href="https://www.netflix.com/title/80049714"><em>on Netflix</em></a><em>. It’s five episodes long and around 4.5 hours in running time.</em>
</p>
<hr class="p-entry-hr" id="iEVHQZ"/>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="858Wtp">
For more on <em>Master of None</em> season three, listen to <a href="https://megaphone.link/VMP9239894425">Peter Kafka’s conversation with co-creator Alan Yang</a> on the <em>Recode Media</em> podcast.
</p>
<div id="Fjr7S6">
</div></li>
<li><strong>Biden’s negotiations with Republicans are making some Democrats anxious</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/qjlS9blDXJUV4PCC9p2aER66EYM=/0x0:2749x2062/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/69325902/1232869258.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
US President Joe Biden meets with Sen. Shelley Moore Capito (R-WV) and others to discuss an infrastructure bill in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington, DC, on May 13, 2021. | Nicholas Kamm/AFP via Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Democrats are weighing the costs of negotiating with Republicans on infrastructure.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hRzfQW">
As the Biden administration’s infrastructure negotiations with Senate Republicans picked up with a $1.7 trillion counteroffer on Friday, some congressional Democrats are getting antsy.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gAvtLd">
“We move as quickly as we can on going big, we move as quickly as we can on negotiations,” Sen. Sherrod Brown (D-OH) told Vox on Wednesday. “At some point, if they won’t go where we believe the country needs to go and where the country seems to want to go, then we take off.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9S5YUw">
President Biden issued his opening bid last month — the $2.25 trillion American Jobs Plan —<strong> </strong>and the GOP responded with a $568 billion infrastructure counteroffer a few weeks ago. (Separately, the White House also introduced a $1.8 trillion American Families Plan, focusing on child care and education.)
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XrikJn">
The new $1.7 trillion White House counteroffer settles for the $65 billion Republicans floated for broadband funding, and pares back the amount of funding for roads and bridges from Biden’s initial proposal of $159 billion to $120 billion in new investment. It also cuts research and development from a proposed package, vowing to put it in other congressional bills going forward. But the president’s counter keeps funding for clean energy, removing lead pipes from America’s drinking water systems, and boosting long-term care workers.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Lw9DDR">
“We recognize that still leaves us far apart,” a White House memo to Republicans obtained by Vox reads. “However, in service of trying to advance these negotiations, the President has asked us to respond with changes to his American Jobs Plan, in hopes that these changes will spur further bipartisan cooperation and progress.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="98TvkM">
For their part, Republicans don’t seem all that happy. A statement released by a spokesperson for Senate Republicans Friday said, “based on today’s meeting, the groups seem further apart after two meetings with White House staff than they were after one meeting with President Biden.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8xfv1k">
Democrats on the Hill say they support the White House actively talking to Republicans. But some are also anxious that negotiating with Republicans just won’t meet the needs of the moment — whether it’s on climate change or jobs.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fLrpDr">
“I don’t think it’s our job to pass something just so that we can say, ‘Well, that piece over there is bipartisan,’ and wait for the pat on the back,” moderate Sen. Bob Casey (D-PA) told reporters recently. “I think people want us to get big things done.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RdofGJ">
Democrats’ other option is <a href="https://www.vox.com/22242476/senate-filibuster-budget-reconciliation-process">budget reconciliation</a>, a mechanism that would allow them to pass a massive budget bill with just 51 votes rather than the required 60 — mostly likely on party lines. This is what Democrats did for Biden’s $1.9 trillion Covid-19 relief package, and they have at least one more opportunity to do it again before the 2022 midterms.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XgkhCn">
The Biden administration is caught between two promises: working with Republicans on Capitol Hill, and vowing to pass an ambitious economic agenda that reroutes the American economy toward clean energy and passes billions to make child care and long-term care more affordable.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ey3DaB">
Some progressive climate groups are arguing that a bipartisan deal could significantly hurt the president’s climate agenda.<strong> </strong>They argue Biden needs to invest heavily in electric charging stations, and to pass a clean electricity standard to get to his goal of 100 percent clean electricity by 2035. Biden’s counteroffer largely leaves his environmental provisions intact but would forgo a $180 billion investment into research and development — money that could be key for the Energy Department’s development of new technology to combat climate change.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cJYOHr">
“If you spend money on roads without making major investments in either mileage standards or deployment of EVs or investing in putting in new standards to ensure clean electricity by 2030 or 2035, you’ll be going backward on climate,” said Jamal Raad, co-founder of the climate group Evergreen Action and a former top staffer for Washington Gov. Jay Inslee.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fqNbN3">
Still, as much as some Democrats worry that negotiating with Republicans wastes valuable time, some of Biden’s closest allies on Capitol Hill say it is simply part of a process that could make moderate Democrats accept reconciliation, if and when that happens.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xdcONj">
“When the president announced a big and bold proposal, the American Jobs Plan, several Democrats promptly said, ‘I will not vote for this — for reconciliation, a Democrat-only bill — unless there is a serious and determined effort first for bipartisanship,’” Sen. Chris Coons (D-DE) told Vox. “It seems to me the issue isn’t the White House not going bold; the issue is one of order and timing.”
</p>
<h3 id="fxlz5t">
Bipartisan negotiations on infrastructure are ongoing
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OHBAtl">
The main Republican negotiator is Sen. Shelley Moore Capito of West Virginia. Capito is the ranking Republican member on the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, which has purview over five-year reauthorization bills for surface and water infrastructure.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HblX8d">
Capito and other Republicans who are ranking members on key committees had a nearly two-hour meeting with Biden at the White House earlier this month. The senators have also had subsequent conversations with members of Biden’s Cabinet and senior staff including White House counselor Steve Ricchetti, director of legislative affairs Louisa Terrell, National Economic Council Director Brian Deese, Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo, and Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="if2UJS">
While the main difference between Republicans and Democrats is over proposed corporate tax hikes to pay for the projects, there are other areas of disagreement. In staff-level negotiations between Senate Democrats and Republicans on the five-year surface transportation bill, Republicans have been pushing back on climate resilience provisions, a Democratic Senate staffer told Vox. Democrats see infrastructure as a key way to make progress on cutting down on fossil fuel emissions in the transportation sector — investing in 500,000 electric vehicle charging stations across the nation’s roadways to encourage more people to switch to cleaner cars.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WPJwca">
“I’m wary of anything that has Capito’s fingerprints,” said Raad, the co-founder of Evergreen Action. “It would not just hurt our ability to hit our NDC [the US target to limit its carbon emissions], it would take us backward.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3MiA1d">
Sen. Brown says he thinks the Biden administration should be trying to find common ground with Republicans at least to prove they tried. But Brown clearly believes that shouldn’t entail significant concessions, especially on climate.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hUfSNq">
“I assume they’ll obstruct on climate,” he told Vox. “We’ll try to come to bipartisan agreement; I don’t expect it [to happen]. We move forward in a big way.”
</p>
<h3 id="RGlxGl">
Negotiations take time — and that’s a risk
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KP4fBg">
Biden has said he wants to see significant progress on bipartisan talks by Memorial Day, and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi has <a href="https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-nancy-pelosi-bills-archive-063cdac72af44b98b338842416c50752">outlined July 4</a> as when she’d like to see an infrastructure bill get a vote in Congress, but that date could also be pushed if necessary.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Mm6WBB">
It’s possible that Democrats were padding extra time with those initial deadlines, expecting negotiations would move it back. Still, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/10/upshot/democrats-agenda-hinges-health.html">a razor-thin majority in the House and Senate</a> makes the risk of taking additional time a high-stakes strategy. When they will introduce the first draft of a bill is still unclear.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nGiOH7">
“I can’t give you a specific answer because I don’t know the answer,” House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer told Vox, adding that appropriations work in the House will begin in earnest in July. “We’re going to have some time available to do the work of the Jobs Plan and the Families Plan in that time frame if, in fact, we can get agreement. And, if we can’t get agreement, work with the administration on how we’ll move forward.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DDUQnS">
House Budget Committee Chair John Yarmuth (D-KY), who will be overseeing the budget reconciliation process in the House if Democrats do indeed pursue budget reconciliation as an option to pass their infrastructure bill, told reporters, “I think they want to give a reasonable chance for there to be a bipartisan bill. I think probably, sooner rather than later there will be a decision.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QtbA76">
Even if Democrats do decide to do reconciliation rather than move a bipartisan bill through regular order, there’s still a lot to be decided, including whether they’ll move one massive bill containing both the American Jobs Plan and Biden’s American Families Plan that deals with affordable child care and education, or split them into separate bills.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LipB5g">
“I think it would be difficult to do two. I know there’s this idea about just doing physical infrastructure in one smaller bipartisan bill, but I don’t like that idea,” said Casey, who is shepherding the American Families Plan portion of Biden’s package through the Senate and wants to see both planks of Biden’s economic package passed through reconciliation.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="b5Lf7j">
The next week will be pivotal for Biden’s big shot on the economy. But the clock is ticking.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6F1YPe">
</p></li>
<li><strong>The Israel-Hamas ceasefire stopped the fighting — but changed nothing</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/XVAw5K6zLI7DEhPE1YmuiByq1LU=/437x0:7460x5267/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/69325492/GettyImages_1233026698.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Palestinian women sit in the rubble of a building destroyed by Israeli strikes in Beit Hanun in the northern Gaza Strip on May 21, 2021. | Emmanuel Dunand/AFP via Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
What the Israel-Hamas ceasefire means (and doesn’t) for the future of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="robqfI">
The ceasefire announced Thursday between Israel and Hamas will hopefully end the worst of the violence that in the course of 11 days <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/05/17/world/middleeast/israel-palestine-gaza-conflict-death-toll.html">killed</a> well over 200 people, the vast majority of them Palestinians in the Gaza Strip.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AdBvTP">
In the narrowest sense, Hamas and Israel have both accomplished their immediate goals. Hamas got to portray itself as the defender of the Muslim holy sites in Jerusalem, where much of the unrest began in recent weeks, and prove its capacity to hit most of Israel with its rockets. Israel, meanwhile, can say it has degraded Hamas’s military capabilities, in particular the underground network of tunnels from which it operates.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NEFQu9">
Yet the ceasefire does nothing to address the underlying conditions that have fueled the decade-and-a-half standoff between Israel and Hamas in Gaza, nor the issues that sparked this latest round of fighting.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7v8tlq">
Living conditions in Gaza, long grim, will continue to deteriorate absent a dramatic change to the blockade that restricts most freedom of movement and goods; it has been in place in its current form, imposed by Israel and Egypt, since 2006.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AnOm8Q">
Beyond Gaza, Palestinians continue to face a deeply fragmented, restricted political situation. Those in the West Bank live under a patchwork of authorities — the Palestinian Authority in urban enclaves, a mixed regime in other populated areas, and direct Israeli military control in about 60 percent of the territory where Israeli settlers also live.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yTnRyc">
In East Jerusalem, Palestinians are legal residents of the city — which Israel considers united under its sovereignty — but generally lack full citizenship. Inside Israel, Palestinian citizens, who make up about 21 percent of the country’s population, face structural inequalities and political marginalization.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hR46Xp">
And Israel, whose civilians remain under the threat of Hamas rockets and fearful of the group’s advances in weaponry, is no less likely to respond harshly in the future to rocket fire than it was at the beginning of May. The vast majority of Israelis view Hamas as an unrepentant enemy with no intention of pursuing peace with Israel, and believe it would use any easing of the blockade to further arm itself and threaten Israeli civilians.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="bAin9j">
With these conditions still in place, the series of events that led to this latest flare-up, though extreme, could easily repeat itself in some variation in the future.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OIgSLh">
It’s therefore worth taking a closer look at those specific events, and the conditions that produced them, in order to understand where the conflict might go after the ceasefire, and what the prospects are for some kind of resolution to the seemingly endless cycle of violence.
</p>
<h3 id="92cqQG">
Three Jerusalem flashpoints converge
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="s7PEul">
The city of <a href="https://www.vox.com/2018/11/20/18080040/jerusalem-israel-palestine">Jerusalem</a> has for decades been a major focal point of the broader Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and both Israelis and Palestinians claim it as their capital.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rqBMNk">
But three specific sites in and around the old city of Jerusalem emerged as flashpoints in the weeks leading up to the recent outbreak of hostilities: Sheikh Jarrah, a neighborhood in East Jerusalem; the Damascus Gate, a northern entrance in the wall of the old city; and al-Aqsa Mosque, Islam’s third-holiest site, located on what is known as Haram al-Sharif (the Noble Sanctuary) to Muslims and to Jews as the Temple Mount (Har HaBayit), the site of the biblical Jewish temples.
</p>
<h4 id="QC4Qrj">
<strong>Sheikh Jarrah</strong>
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="PmzP0N">
Sheikh Jarrah is an East Jerusalem neighborhood located just outside the old city that for weeks has been the site of mass demonstrations by Palestinians protesting the imminent evictions of six Arab families from their homes by Israeli courts, to make way for Jewish activists who claim ownership of the land.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4O07iu">
The homes in question were built by the Jordanian government in the 1950s for Palestinian refugees from Israel, after Jewish residents fled the neighborhood during the 1948 war and found refuge in Israel.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hjzujI">
Israeli law provides Jewish Israelis the chance to reclaim property lost during that conflict — including in Sheikh Jarrah. But it offers no reciprocal right to Palestinians, including Palestinian citizens of Israel, who lost their homes. In general, Israeli authorities and right-wing NGOs have been working for years to change the demographic balance of the city in favor of Jewish Israelis.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/FJdFxspkBLcPhFFlPMpHvxyjVPY=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22531397/GettyImages_1232904639.jpg"/> <cite>Emmanuel Dunand/AFP via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Israeli settlers sit on the rooftop of a house decorated with the Star of David in the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood of East Jerusalem on May 15, 2021.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZbU0Ei">
Aryeh King, a far-right activist who is currently deputy mayor of Jerusalem, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/07/world/middleeast/evictions-jerusalem-israeli-palestinian-conflict-protest.html">told</a> the New York Times last week that installing “layers of Jews” throughout East Jerusalem is specifically aimed at making its division impossible. “If we will not be in big numbers and if we will not be at the right places in strategic areas in East Jerusalem,” he said, then future peace negotiators “will try to divide Jerusalem and to give part of Jerusalem to our enemy.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kGwjOp">
Naturally, the Palestinians who have lived there since the 1950s strongly oppose these attempts to evict them. The Sheikh Jarrah case has gone all the way to the Israeli Supreme Court, which was originally scheduled to announce its ruling on May 10.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/ENtGZ5r6T-6GHDxmZic57uJJQ9w=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22531428/GettyImages_1232026867.jpg"/> <cite>Mostafa Alkharouf/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Palestinian families living in the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood of East Jerusalem hold banners as they stage a demonstration to mark the 45th anniversary of Palestinian Land Day on March 30, 2021.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uXiXPY">
That these looming evictions could spark wider unrest was entirely foreseeable. On May 4, Daniel Seidemann <a href="https://twitter.com/DanielSeidemann/status/1389753435004809220?s=20">observed</a> on Twitter that the two “radioactive” issues of Jerusalem and displacement, which are combined in Sheikh Jarrah, “go to the core of Palestinians and Israelis identity,” and warned they could prove explosive.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="PJsuGP">
And sure enough, they did.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Jv7GuL">
To avoid further inflaming the situation, the Supreme Court delayed its ruling the day before it was scheduled, but by that point it was too late. Demonstrations in Sheikh Jarrah already included violent clashes with police and extreme right-wing Israeli activists had come to provoke the clashes further.
</p>
<h4 id="VTE2EK">
<strong>Damascus Gate</strong>
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CVAjY1">
Meanwhile, Damascus Gate, at the northern end of the old city, also became the site of recurrent protests and police crackdowns in recent weeks. During the month of Ramadan, Muslims in Jerusalem often gather on the steps surrounding the Damascus Gate plaza in the evenings as they break their fast.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/tynaABrvZKtIhGIGfqAPc8HcF3U=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22531408/GettyImages_1232809776.jpg"/> <cite>Amir Levy/Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Palestinians pray at Damascus Gate in Jerusalem’s old city during Israel’s “Jerusalem Day” on May 10, 2021.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/bq6zaUH6eZA2DbEZTCOkXRVVmkE=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22531411/GettyImages_1232809794.jpg"/> <cite>Amir Levy/Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Israeli police officers clash with Palestinians at Damascus Gate in Jerusalem’s old city during Israel’s “Jerusalem Day” on May 10, 2021.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pxHvgd">
But Israeli police limited such gatherings this year for fear of unrest, erecting barriers on the steps to prevent large gatherings. Many came anyway, and on successive nights throughout Ramadan, Israeli police drove them away using stun grenades and other heavy-handed tactics. The police then made an about-face, removing the barriers, but the images of ongoing clashes had already fueled tensions.
</p>
<h4 id="Zh5Qob">
Al-Aqsa Mosque
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Rw3zDM">
The tension reached its apex in and around al-Aqsa Mosque. Starting in particular during Laylat al-Qadr, one of the holiest nights of Ramadan, and increasing in the following two days, Palestinian demonstrations there had joined those in Sheikh Jarrah and Damascus Gate, and amassed rocks and other simple projectiles in the mosque, in part in preparation for expected confrontations with right-wing Jewish activists who were scheduled to visit Temple Mount.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hmnR7K">
Israeli police, in a remarkable move — seen by many Israelis as an astounding error and by many Palestinians as a deliberate provocation — entered the mosque itself, during Ramadan, throwing stun grenades and making arrests. More than 200 Palestinians were <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/al-aqsa-clashes-palestinians-israeli-police/">reportedly</a> injured along with 17 Israeli police officers, in images that reverberated across the Muslim world.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/mIqbw4F988U27kuQDm9wyrMWsiw=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22531458/GettyImages_1232750662.jpg"/> <cite>Mostafa Alkharouf/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Israeli police use stun grenades and plastic bullets in clashes with Muslim worshippers in the Haram al-Sharif area of al-Aqsa Mosque on May 7, 2021, in East Jerusalem.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="D5y7Oi">
On their own, the Sheikh Jarrah evictions touched on fundamental Palestinian fears, evoking the legacy of the <a href="https://www.vox.com/2018/11/20/18080030/israel-palestine-nakba">Nakba</a>, the forced displacement of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians in the 1948 war.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HTAS0w">
Combined with the simmering tensions fueled by the Damascus Gate crackdowns and then images of a violent police raid on al-Aqsa, a central religious and national symbol, Palestinians across the West Bank, Jerusalem, Israel, and Gaza shared a sense of national and religious outrage.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sLNAAH">
And then Hamas got involved.
</p>
<h3 id="2no10V">
Unrest in Jerusalem turns into a war in Gaza
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AwoSZi">
On the evening of May 10, Hamas issued an ultimatum to Israel to withdraw, by 6 pm, all police from Haram al-Sharif. This was a brazen move, meant as a show of force toward its far stronger enemy. And just after 6 pm, Hamas followed through on its threat, launching six rockets toward Jerusalem.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/I9Mf1LRfatNIvQwwGE52vZWlvP0=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22531481/GettyImages_1232812637.jpg"/> <cite>Mustafa Hassona/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Hamas rockets fired from Gaza fly toward Israel on May 11, 2021.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yani6G">
Up to that point, the younger, grassroots demonstrators in Jerusalem had dominated events, with the main Palestinian political factions — Fatah, the secular party that, through the Palestinian Authority, governs enclaves in the West Bank (though Israel remains in control of most of the territory) and Hamas — noticeably absent.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pkX74K">
By launching these rockets, Hamas placed itself back at the center of events, attempting to co-opt Palestinians’ anger and portray itself as the defender of al-Aqsa, a Muslim symbol that Hamas, an Islamist movement, is keen to highlight.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dUIblc">
Hamas’s rivalry with Fatah may have also played a role here. In January, the Palestinian Authority announced it would hold elections this summer for the first time since 2006. These would have included both Fatah, led by PA President Mahmoud Abbas, and Hamas, as well as other smaller Palestinian factions.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/9gEg87LlyEzS148C6Z0yBwnQHGw=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22531474/GettyImages_1232595655.jpg"/> <cite>Hazem Bader/AFP via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
A man uses his phone to film a televised speech by Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas regarding the Palestinian elections at a coffee shop in the city of Hebron in the occupied West Bank on April 29, 2021.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="isaylz">
But on April 26, Abbas, fearing he would lose, canceled the elections. That left Hamas no political process through which it could gain power in the West Bank, and may have pushed it to seek other means to capture attention on the Palestinian national stage, showing its relevance and the irrelevance of Fatah.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cEYFgr">
Israel then responded to those rockets with more than 100 airstrikes on Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (another Islamist militant group active in Gaza) targets. Twenty-four Palestinians were killed, including nine children, though Israel claims that six of the children were killed by rockets fired by Palestinian Islamic Jihad that fell short of their target.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cP8oJU">
The following night, Hamas surprised Israel with its ability to launch large numbers of rockets to far greater effective range than in the past, putting most of the Israeli population under fire. A few rockets got through <a href="https://www.vox.com/22435973/israel-iron-dome-explained">Israel’s Iron Dome defense system</a> and hit Israeli cities.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CyhWKv">
The Israeli response was been massive and overwhelming, killing more than 200 Palestinians, including many civilians and more than two dozen children, in Gaza, where residents have little refuge; 13 Israelis were killed by rockets and missiles fired from Gaza.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/1Cxk0Qe89l526Mi8VhaQgI3_RP0=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22531493/GettyImages_1233008327.jpg"/> <cite>Majdi Fathi/NurPhoto via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Smoke billows from a building targeted during an Israeli airstrike in Gaza City on May 20, 2021.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nYlJ4F">
This violence all takes place against the backdrop of a longer conflict that has seethed between Israel and Hamas.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="aFvobv">
In 2005, Israel withdrew its troops and settlers from the Gaza Strip, as part of its “Disengagement” from Gaza and the Northern West Bank. Hamas subsequently won the Palestinian elections in 2006 and took sole control of the Gaza Strip in 2007, expelling forces of the Fateh-led Palestinian Authority. Israel placed intense restrictions on the movement of people and goods in and out of the territory, and Egypt, which borders Gaza from the south, followed suit.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jykxwh">
Since then, three devastating wars between Israel and Hamas and the crushing blockade have left Gaza in a state of deep humanitarian crisis (for more on the situation in Gaza, see <a href="https://www.brookings.edu/research/ending-gazas-perpetual-crisis-a-new-u-s-approach/">this report</a> we co-authored with Hady Amr and Ilan Goldenberg in 2018). The crisis was deepened further this year by the coronavirus pandemic.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="foPsZ9">
The past year has seen efforts to improve the economic situation, especially in the <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/gas-gaza-pipeline-that-might-provide-lifeline-2021-02-23/">energy</a> sector, with support from the Palestinian Authority and Qatar, and with Israel’s and Hamas’s tacit cooperation, but the <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/5/21/22440537/gaza-fighting-humanitarian-crisis">humanitarian situation</a> and the prospects for about 2 million Gazans remained very grim even before the latest fighting began.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XOkvpn">
None of this will be solved by the ceasefire.
</p>
<h3 id="dkfU9E">
What happens now?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="38Ej0Z">
Recent weeks have blurred the lines used for decades to delineate this conflict.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IdNoFC">
Some aspects of the violence are horrifyingly familiar, of course: This is the fourth major conflict between Israel and Hamas since 2006, with Israeli strikes causing mass devastation in Gaza each time.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KRSX7D">
But in Jerusalem, the West Bank, and Israel itself, Palestinians who have long been divided by their physical geography and by the specific circumstances experienced in those different places are mobilizing in ways not seen in decades, including in a general <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/18/world/middleeast/palestine-strike.html">strike</a> on Tuesday that took place across all these territories.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/lQKWgVHAGvgQrmjPlXHv7a8JkWs=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22531498/GettyImages_1232960923.jpg"/> <cite>Jalaa Marey/AFP via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
A Palestinian woman sits in front of shuttered stores in the northern Israeli city of Acre during a general strike on May 18, 2021.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="g9FB2T">
The international perception of Israel’s role in this violence has also shifted, as solidarity with Palestinians grows among Democratic leaders and constituencies in the United States.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nD2VbD">
These changes mark a departure from previous conflicts, but they do not, in and of themselves, alter the fundamental dynamics between the main players.
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Hamas remains entrenched in the Gaza Strip, in full control of the area but with little prospect of extending its power to the West Bank. Israel remains adamant, and is even emboldened, in its desire to block Hamas’s ability to arm itself — meaning that its blockade of the Gaza Strip will likely continue. And Palestinians continue to face varied forms of political fragmentation and discrimination in Jerusalem, in the West Bank, and within Israel, though in very different ways.
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So while the fire may cease, the underlying conditions that sparked it remain unsolved.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="U1jmyb">
There are no easy fixes in the short term, but a lot can still be done. The Israel-Hamas stalemate is deeply entrenched, but as we <a href="https://www.brookings.edu/research/ending-gazas-perpetual-crisis-a-new-u-s-approach/">argued</a> with colleagues in 2018, there is a chance to change it, modestly but meaningfully, through tacit understandings among Israel, the PA, and Hamas, with support from the US, Israel, Egypt, and the UN Special Representative in Jerusalem.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Nzj7kt">
The broader context, detailed above, would require much more: a real shift of Israeli policy on the Palestinian issue writ large, and a Palestinian leadership able and willing to put its own affairs in order and to deal with Israel productively.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ai6Ctt">
<em>Kevin Huggard is a senior research assistant at the Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution. Natan Sachs is the director of the center. </em>
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</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Plane carrying Indian boxing squad declares fuel emergency before landing in Dubai</strong> - Six-time world champion Mary Kom was among the boxers on board the aircraft.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Saha questions IPL bio-bubble efficacy, says the tournament was better off held in U.A.E.</strong> - “There was not a single individual during our training in U.A.E (last year), not even a ground staff,” he said.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>148 athletes, mostly Olympic-bound, across sports get COVID vaccine first dose, 17 fully vaccinated</strong> - The total number of athletes (including para-athletes), who have got at least their first dose till May 20, is 163.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mairaj delighted to be training with Ennio</strong> - Hopes to prepare well and give himself a good shot at a medal in Tokyo</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Bala relishing her time in Scotland</strong> - The 31-year-old’s stunning long-range strike against Spartans last week won rave reviews</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Plane carrying Indian boxing squad declares fuel emergency before landing in Dubai</strong> - Six-time world champion Mary Kom was among the boxers on board the aircraft.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Cyclone Yaas: Navy and Coast Guard ready for rescue and relief</strong> - Eight flood relief teams and four diving teams are positioned in Odisha and West Bengal</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Govt. offers ₹10 lakh to familes in Chellanam, who want to relocate</strong> - K.J. Maxy, MLA, attends a meeting of representatives of Chellanam convened by the District Collector.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>More curbs in local bodies with high TPR</strong> - TPR between May 13 and 19 crossed 40% in six grama panchayats in Alappuzha</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 | Himachal Pradesh CM distributes home isolation kits; says pandemic nothing less than war</strong> - The Chief Minister also launched ‘Himachal COVID Care’ mobile application for helping in the speedy recovery of patients in home isolation.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Coronavirus: Spain to lift restrictions for UK and Japanese travellers</strong> - UK tourists will be free to enter the country without a negative Covid-19 PCR test from Monday.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>France’s 18-year-olds given €300 culture pass</strong> - French teens can use the funds for cinema tickets, musical instruments or to buy books and videos.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Zelensky v oligarchs: Ukraine president targets super-rich</strong> - Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky vows to build a country without oligarchs, but can he deliver?</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Irish cyber-attack: Hackers bail out Irish health service for free</strong> - The government says it did not pay for a decryption tool, as hackers threaten to publish stolen data.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Belgian national park shut in hunt for far-right soldier</strong> - The manhunt for the heavily armed weapons trainer continues in a vast area near the Dutch border.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>This AI makes Robert De Niro perform lines in flawless German</strong> - Technology related to deepfakes helps match facial movements to dialogue. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1766814">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A zombie-fire outbreak may be growing in the north</strong> - “Overwintering” fires smolder under the snow, reigniting vegetation in the spring. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1766768">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>400-year old sunken warships aren’t the sisters of doomed Vasa after all</strong> - Wood analysis shows the wrecks discovered in 2019 are the warships <em>Apollo</em> and <em>Maria</em> - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1766663">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Biden admin wants to bring sexy back with dating app vaccination statuses</strong> - Amid giggles, US officials dish on dating app vaccinations badges, super swipes. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1766834">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Apple CEO faces tough questioning as Epic Games trial wraps up</strong> - Judge Rogers: “It doesn’t seem to me you feel any pressure or competition…” - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1766825">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>The IRS suspected a fishing boat owner wasn’t paying proper wages to his Deckhand and sent an agent to investigate him.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
IRS AUDITOR: “I Need A List Of Your Employees And How Much You Pay Them”.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Boat Owner: “Well, There’s Clarence, My Deckhand, He’s Been With Me For 3 Years. I Pay Him $1,000 A Week Plus Free Room And Board. Then There’s The Mentally Challenged Guy. He Works About 18 Hours Every Day And Does About 90% Of The Work Around Here. He Makes About $10 Per Week, Pays His Own Room And Board, And I Buy Him A Bottle Of Bacardi Rum And A Dozen Budweisers Every Saturday Night So He Can Cope With Life. He Also Gets To Sleep With My Wife Occasionally”.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
IRS AUDITOR: “That’s The Guy I Want To Talk To - The Mentally Challenged One”.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Boat Owner: “That Would Be Me. What Would You Like To Know”?
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/YZXFILE"> /u/YZXFILE </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ni4ax5/the_irs_suspected_a_fishing_boat_owner_wasnt/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ni4ax5/the_irs_suspected_a_fishing_boat_owner_wasnt/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>Guy used protection yet his girl got pregnant.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The guy asked the doctor," I used protection and the rubber never broke, then how did she get pregnant?"
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The doctor told him, “There was once a hunter who went to kill lions. He one day accidentally bought his umbrella instead of his gun but didn’t notice until a lion came in front of him. In order to scare away the lion, he used the umbrella as a gun. The lion surprisedly died.”
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Nonsense someone else would have shot it.” said the guy
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Then the doctor replied,“You got it. Next patient pls.”
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<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/samiransamantroy"> /u/samiransamantroy </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/nidiup/guy_used_protection_yet_his_girl_got_pregnant/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/nidiup/guy_used_protection_yet_his_girl_got_pregnant/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>My wife says if this post gets 1,000+ upvotes then we can get freaky on my cake day.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Please don’t, the handcuffs are bad enough, the whip and strap-on are huge!
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<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/zustock"> /u/zustock </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ni5xb6/my_wife_says_if_this_post_gets_1000_upvotes_then/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ni5xb6/my_wife_says_if_this_post_gets_1000_upvotes_then/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>How many redditors does it take to change a lightbulb?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
How many redittors does it take to change a lightbulb?
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
1 to change the light bulb and to post that the light bulb has been changed.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
14 to share similar experiences of changing light bulbs and how the light bulb could have been changed differently.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
7 to caution about the dangers of changing light bulbs.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
17 purists who use candles and are offended by light bulb discussions.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
6 to argue over whether it’s ‘lightbulb’ or ‘light bulb.’
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Another 6 to condemn those 6 as stupid.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
22 to tell THOSE 6 to stop being jerks.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
2 industry professionals to inform the group that the proper term is ‘lamp.’
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
15 know-it-alls who claim they were in the industry, and that ‘light bulb’ is perfectly correct.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
49 to post memes and gifs (several are of Michael Jackson eating popcorn).
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
19 to post that this page is not about light bulbs and to please take this discussion to a light bulb page.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
11 to defend the posting to this page saying that we all use light bulbs and therefore the posts are relevant here.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
24 to discuss the merits of LED/swirly fluorescent light bulbs.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
44 to claim LED and fluorescent bulbs will kill you.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
12 to post F.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
8 to ask what F means.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
36 People to post pics of their own light bulbs.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
15 People to post “I can’t see S<span class="math inline"></span>”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
4 to say “Didn’t we go through this already a short time ago?”.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
13 to say “Do a search on light bulbs before posting questions about light bulbs.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
1 to bring politics into the discussion by adding that (insert politician of choice) isn’t the brightest bulb. This usually takes place within the first three comments.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
50 more to get into personal attacks over their political views.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
5 admins to ban the light bulb posters who took it all too seriously.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
1 late arrival to comment on the original post 6 months later and start it all over again.
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<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/notriple"> /u/notriple </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/nhq8e5/how_many_redditors_does_it_take_to_change_a/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/nhq8e5/how_many_redditors_does_it_take_to_change_a/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>My wife got stung by a bee on the forehead. She’s at the ER now, her face all swollen and bruised, she almost died.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Luckily I was close enough to hit the bee with my shovel.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/notriple"> /u/notriple </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/nifvzh/my_wife_got_stung_by_a_bee_on_the_forehead_shes/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/nifvzh/my_wife_got_stung_by_a_bee_on_the_forehead_shes/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
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