navan
/
Daily-Dose
mirror of https://github.com/navanchauhan/Daily-Dose.git
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Added daily report

This commit is contained in:
Navan Chauhan 2021-09-16 12:51:28 +00:00
parent e9f60b093b
commit f33f495d06
3 changed files with 685 additions and 2 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

208
archive-covid-19/16 September, 2021.html Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="" xml:lang="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<meta content="pandoc" name="generator"/>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes" name="viewport"/>
<title>16 September, 2021</title>
<style type="text/css">
code{white-space: pre-wrap;}
span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;}
span.underline{text-decoration: underline;}
div.column{display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;}
</style>
<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
<body>
<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Olfactory Bulb and Amygdala Gene Expression Changes in Subjects Dying with COVID-19</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
In this study we conducted RNA sequencing on two brain regions (olfactory bulb and amygdala) from subjects who died from COVID-19 or who died of other causes. We found several-fold more transcriptional changes in the olfactory bulb than in the amygdala, consistent with our own work and that of others indicating that the olfactory bulb may be the initial and most common brain region infected. To some extent our results converge with pseudotime analysis towards common processes shared between the brain regions, possibly induced by the systemic immune reaction following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Changes in amygdala emphasized upregulation of interferon-related neuroinflammation genes, as well as downregulation of synaptic and other neuronal genes, and may represent the substrate of reported acute and subacute COVID-19 neurological effects. Additionally, and only in olfactory bulb, we observed an increase in angiogenesis and platelet activation genes, possibly associated with microvascular damages induced by neuroinflammation. Through coexpression analysis we identified two key genes (CAMK2B for the synaptic neuronal network and COL1A2 for the angiogenesis/platelet network) that might be interesting potential targets to reverse the effects induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finally, in olfactory bulb we detected an upregulation of olfactory and taste genes, possibly as a compensatory response to functional deafferentation caused by viral entry into primary olfactory sensory neurons. In conclusion, we were able to identify transcriptional profiles and key genes involved in neuroinflammation, neuronal reaction and olfaction induced by direct CNS infection and/or the systemic immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.12.21263291v1" target="_blank">Olfactory Bulb and Amygdala Gene Expression Changes in Subjects Dying with COVID-19</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Efficacy of vaccination against severe COVID-19 in relation to Delta variant and time since second dose: the REACT- SCOT case-control study</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Objectives - To investigate: (1) whether vaccine efficacy against severe COVID-19 has decreased since Delta became the predominant variant; (2) whether efficacy wanes with time since second dose. Design - Matched case-control study. Setting - Population of Scotland from 1 December 2020 to 19 August 2021. Main outcome measure - Severe COVID-19, defined as cases with entry to critical care or fatal outcome. Results - Efficacy of vaccination against severe COVID-19 decreased in May 2021 coinciding with the replacement of the B.1.1.7 (Alpha) by the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant in Scotland, but this decrease was reversed over the next month. In the most recent time window, the efficacy of two doses against severe COVID-19 was 91% (95 percent CI 86% to 95%) for the AstraZeneca product and 92% (95 percent CI 85% to 95%) for mRNA (Pfizer or Moderna) products. Against the broader category of hospitalised or fatal COVID-19, efficacy in this time window was slightly lower: 88% (95 percent CI 85% to 90%) for the AstraZeneca product, 91% (95 percent CI 88% to 93%) for mRNA vaccines. Efficacy against COVID-19 declined rapidly in the first two months since second dose but more slowly thereafter. For hospitalised or fatal COVID-19 the model best supported by the data was one in which efficacy was the sum of a rapidly waning effect with half-life of 17 (95% CI 9 to 39) days and a time-invariant efficacy of 83%. Conclusions - These results are reassuring with respect to concerns that efficacy against severe COVID-19 might have fallen since the Delta variant became predominant. Although there is considerable uncertainty attached to any extrapolation into the future, these results suggest that the rapid early waning of efficacy against hospitalised COVID-19 after the second dose tapers off within a few months. This weakens the rationale for policies based on delivering booster doses to the entire population, rather than to vulnerable individuals for focused protection.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.12.21263448v1" target="_blank">Efficacy of vaccination against severe COVID-19 in relation to Delta variant and time since second dose: the REACT-SCOT case-control study</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Robust induction of B cell and T cell responses by a third dose of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines have shown remarkable efficacy in clinical trials, especially in reducing severe illness and casualty. However, the waning of humoral immunity over time has raised concern over the durability of immune memory following vaccination. Thus, we conducted a non-randomized trial among the healthcare professionals (HCWs) to investigate the long-term sustainability of SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells and T cells stimulated by inactivated vaccine and the potential need for a third booster dose for the HCWs. Although neutralizing antibodies elicited by the standard two-dose vaccination schedule dropped from a peak of 31.2 AU/ml to 9.2 AU/ml 5 months after the second vaccination, spike-specific memory B and T cells were still detectable, forming the basis for a quick recall response. As expected, the faded humoral immune response was vigorously elevated to 66.8 AU/ml by 7.2 folds 1 week after the third dose along with abundant spike-specific circulating follicular helper T cells in parallel. Meanwhile, spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were also robustly elevated by 5.9 and 2.7 folds respectively. Robust expansion of memory pools by the third dose potentiated greater durability of protective immune responses. Another key finding in this trial was that HCWs with low serological response to 2 doses were not truly no responders but fully equipped with immune memory that could be quickly recalled by a third dose even 5 months after the second vaccination. Collectively, these data provide insights into the generation of long-term immunological memory by the inactivated vaccine, which has implications for future booster strategies that the frontline HCWs, individuals with low serological response to 2 dose of vaccine and immune compromised patients could benefit from a third dose of inactivated vaccine.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.12.21263373v1" target="_blank">Robust induction of B cell and T cell responses by a third dose of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Spread of Gamma (P.1) sub-lineages carrying Spike mutations close to the furin cleavage site and deletions in the N-terminal domain drives ongoing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Amazonas, Brazil</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The Amazonas was one of the most heavily affected Brazilian states by the COVID-19 epidemic. Despite a large number of infected people, particularly during the second wave associated with the spread of the Variant of Concern (VOC) Gamma (lineage P.1), SARS-CoV-2 continues to circulate in the Amazonas. To understand how SARS-CoV-2 persisted in a human population with a high immunity barrier, we generated 1,188 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences from individuals diagnosed in the Amazonas state from 1st January to 6th July 2021, of which 38 were vaccine breakthrough infections. Our study reveals a sharp increase in the relative prevalence of Gamma plus (P.1+) variants, designated as Pango Lineages P.1.3 to P.1.6, harboring two types of additional Spike changes: deletions in the N-terminal (NTD) domain (particularly 𝚫144 or 𝚫141-144) associated with resistance to anti-NTD neutralizing antibodies or mutations at the S1/S2 junction (N679K or P681H) that probably enhance the binding affinity to the furin cleavage site, as suggested by our molecular dynamics simulations. As lineages P.1.4 (S:N679K) and P.1.6 (S:P681H) expanded (Re &gt; 1) from March to July 2021, the lineage P.1 declined (Re &lt; 1) and the median Ct value of SARS-CoV-2 positive cases in Amazonas significantly decreases. Still, we found no overrepresentation of P.1+ variants among breakthrough cases of fully vaccinated patients (71%) in comparison to unvaccinated individuals (93%). This evidence supports that the ongoing endemic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the Amazonas is driven by the spread of new local Gamma/P.1 sub-lineages that are more transmissible, although not more efficient to evade vaccine-elicited immunity than the parental VOC. Finally, as SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread in human populations with a declining density of susceptible hosts, the risk of selecting new variants with higher infectivity are expected to increase.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article- html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.12.21263453v1" target="_blank">Spread of Gamma (P.1) sub-lineages carrying Spike mutations close to the furin cleavage site and deletions in the N-terminal domain drives ongoing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Amazonas, Brazil</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccine in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Aim To identify the safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine in children and adolescents. Methods We conducted a systematic review. Databases including PubMed, Web of Science, WHO COVID-19 database, and CNKI were searched on 23 July 2021. International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) was also searched to collect ongoing trials. We included published researches or ongoing clinical trials related to the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine in children or adolescents (aged ≤18 years). Meta-analysis was performed if the consistency of the included studies was high. If not, descriptive analyses were performed. Results Eight published studies with 2851 children or adolescents and 28 ongoing clinical trials were included. Among eight published studies, two (25.0%) were RCTs, two (25.0%) case series, and four (50.0%) case reports. The results showed selected COVID-19 vaccines had a good safety profile in children and adolescents. Injection site pain, fatigue, headache, and chest pain were the most common adverse events. Some studies reported a few cases of myocarditis and pericarditis. Two RCTs showed that the immune response to BNT162b2 in adolescents aged 12-15 years was non-inferior to that in young people aged 16-25 years, while a stronger immune response was detected with 3μg CoronaVac injection. Only one single RCT showed the efficacy of BNT162b2 was 100% (95% CI: 75.3 to 100). Of the 28 ongoing clinical trials, twenty-three are interventional studies. Fifteen countries are conducting interventional clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccines in children and adolescents. Among them, China (10, 43.5%) and United Stated (9, 39.1%) were the top two countries with the most trials. BNT162b2 was the most common vaccine, which is under testing. Conclusion Some of the COVID-19 vaccines have potential protective effects in children and adolescents, but awareness is needed to monitor possible adverse effects after injection. Clinical trials of the COVID-19 vaccine in children and adolescents with long follow-up, large sample size, and different vaccines are still urgently needed.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.11.21262855v1" target="_blank">Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccine in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Attitudes towards vaccines and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: Implications for public health communications in Australia</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Objective: To examine SARS–CoV–2 vaccine confidence, attitudes and intentions in Australian adults. Methods: Nationwide survey in February–March 2021 of adults representative across sex, age and location. Vaccine uptake and a range of putative drivers of uptake, including vaccine confidence, socioeconomic status, and sources of trust, were examined using logistic and Bayesian regressions for vaccines generally and for SARS–CoV–2 vaccines. Results: Overall 1,166 surveys were collected from participants aged 18 to 90 years (mean 52, SD of 19). Seventy–eight percent reported being likely to receive a vaccine against COVID–19. Higher SARS–CoV–2 vaccine intentions were associated with: increasing age (OR: 1.04 95%CI [1.03–1.044]), being male (OR: 1.37, 95% CI [1.08–1.72]), residing in the least disadvantaged area quintile (OR: 2.27 95%CI [1.53–3.37]) and a self-perceived high risk of getting COVID–19 (OR: 1.52 95% CI [1.08–2.14]). However, 72% of participants did not believe that they were at a high risk of getting COVID-19. Findings regarding vaccines in general were similar except there were no sex differences. For both the SARS–CoV–2 vaccine and vaccines in general, there were no differences in intentions to vaccinate as a function of education level, perceived income level, and rurality. Knowing that the vaccine is safe and effective, and that getting vaccinated will protect others, trusting the company that made it and getting vaccination recommended by a doctor were reported to influence a large proportion of the study cohort to uptake the SARS–CoV–2 vaccine. Seventy–eight percent reported the intent to continue engaging in virus-protecting behaviours (mask wearing, social distancing etc.) post–vaccine. Conclusions: Seventy–eight percent of Australians are likely to receive a SARS–CoV–2 vaccine. Key influencing factors identified in this study (e.g. knowing that the vaccine is safe and effective, getting a doctor9s recommendation to get vaccinated) can be used to inform public health messaging to enhance vaccination rates. Keywords: COVID–19, Infection control, Public Health, Preventive Medicine, Respiratory infections
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html- link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.12.21263158v1" target="_blank">Attitudes towards vaccines and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: Implications for public health communications in Australia</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Association between work attendance when experiencing fever or cold symptoms and company characteristics and socioeconomic status in the COVID-19 pandemic in Japanese workers: a cross-sectional study</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Abstract Objective: This study investigated the association between attending work while experiencing fever or cold symptoms and workers9 socioeconomic background and company characteristics during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was performed. Of a total of 33,302 participants, 3,676 workers who experienced fever or cold symptoms after April 2020 were included. The odds ratios (ORs) of attending work while sick associated with workers9 socioeconomic background and company characteristics were evaluated using a multilevel logistic model. Results: The OR of attending work while sick associated with a lack of policy prohibiting workers from working when ill was 2.75 (95%CI: 2.28-3.20, P&lt;0.001). Conclusion: This study suggests that clear company policies on work and illness can be effective for preventing employees from attending work while sick.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html- link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.13.21263476v1" target="_blank">Association between work attendance when experiencing fever or cold symptoms and company characteristics and socioeconomic status in the COVID-19 pandemic in Japanese workers: a cross-sectional study</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Effectiveness of Mass Vaccination in Brazil against Severe COVID-19 Cases</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background. Mass vaccination campaigns started in Brazil on January/2021 with CoronaVac followed by ChAdOx1 nCov-19, and BNT162b2 mRNA vaccines. Target populations initially included vulnerable groups such as people older than 80 years, with comorbidities, of indigenous origin, and healthcare workers. Younger age groups were gradually included. Methods. A national cohort of 66.3 million records was compiled by linking registry-certified COVID-19 vaccination records from the Brazilian National Immunization Program with information on severe COVID-19 cases and deaths. Cases and deaths were aggregated by state and age group. Mixed-effects Poisson models were used to estimate the rate of severe cases and deaths among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals, and the corresponding estimates of vaccine effectiveness by vaccine platform and age group. The study period is from mid-January to mid-July 2021. Results. Estimates of vaccine effectiveness preventing deaths were highest at 97.9% (95% CrI: 93.5-99.8) among 20-39 years old with ChAdOx1 nCov-19, at 82.7% (95% CrI: 80.7-84.6) among 40-59 years old with CoronaVac, and at 89.9% (87.8–91.8) among 40-59 years old with partial immunization of BNT162b2. For all vaccines combined in the full regimen, the effectiveness preventing severe cases among individuals aged 80+ years old was 35.9% (95% CrI: 34.9-36.9) which is lower than that observed for individuals aged 60-79 years (61.0%, 95% CrI: 60.5-61.5). Conclusion. Despite varying effectiveness estimates, Brazil′s population benefited from vaccination in preventing severe COVID-19 outcomes. Results, however, suggest significant vaccine-specific reductions in effectiveness by age, given by differences between age groups 60-79 years and over 80 years.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.10.21263084v1" target="_blank">Effectiveness of Mass Vaccination in Brazil against Severe COVID-19 Cases</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Spike Protein NTD mutation G142D in SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC lineages is associated with frequent back mutations, increased viral loads, and immune evasion</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The significantly greater infectivity of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variants of concern (VOC) is hypothesized to be driven by key mutations that result in increased transmissibility, viral load and/or evasion of host immune response. We surveyed the mutational profiles of Delta VOC genomes between September 2020 and mid-August 2021 and identified a previously unreported mutation pattern at amino acid position 142 in the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the spike protein which demonstrated multiple rounds of mutation from G142 to D142 and back. This pattern of frequent back mutations was observed at multiple time points and across Delta VOC sub-lineages. The etiology for these recurrent mutations is unclear but raises the possibility of host-directed editing of the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Within Delta VOC this mutation is associated with higher viral load, further enhanced in the presence of another NTD mutation (T95I) which was also frequently observed in these cases. Protein modeling of both mutations predicts alterations of the surface topography of the NTD by G142D, specifically disturbance of the ′super site′ epitope that binds NTD-directed neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). The appearance of frequent and repeated G142D followed by D142G back mutations is previously unreported in SARS- CoV-2 and may represent viral adaptation to evolving host immunity characterized by increasing frequency of spike NAbs, from both prior infection and vaccine-based immunity. The emergence of alterations of the NTD in and around the main NAb epitope is a concerning development in the ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 which may contribute to increased infectivity, immune evasion and ′breakthrough infections′ characteristic of Delta VOC. Future vaccine and therapy development may benefit by recognizing the emergence of these novel spike NTD mutations and considering their impact on antibody recognition, viral neutralization, infectivity, replication, and viral load.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.12.21263475v1" target="_blank">Spike Protein NTD mutation G142D in SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC lineages is associated with frequent back mutations, increased viral loads, and immune evasion</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Early immunologic response to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in patients receiving biologics and/or immunomodulators.</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Patients with immune conditions and immune-modifying therapies were excluded from the Covid-19 vaccine trials. Studies have shown conflicting response to different vaccines in persons receiving immune suppressors or biologics. The aim of this study is to evaluate humoral and cellular response to Covid-19 vaccines in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) using biologic and/or immunomodulatory (IMM) therapies. Methods: Participants are adults with IBD receiving biologics or IMM planning to receive a Covid 19 vaccine. Cellular immunity (CD4+ and CD8+ T cell levels) with flow cytometry are measured at baseline and 2 weeks after each vaccine dose. Humoral immunity (antibody titers and neutralizing capacity,VNT%) is analyzed by ELISA at baseline, 2 weeks after each dose, and 6 and 12 months after vaccine. We present the early results of the first 19 subjects. The study is approved by the IRB. Results: 19 subjects (18 in biologics and 1 in IMM) who received 2 doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine are included. Total IgG antibodies increased 21.13 times after the first dose and 90 times after the second dose. VTN% increased 11.92 times after the first dose and 53.79 times after the second dose. When compared with a healthy control cohort, total IgG antibodies and VTN% were lower in the subjects after the first dose. After the second dose, IgG antibodies increased but remained lower than controls, but VTN% were similar to controls. CD4 and CD8 mean levels had an upward trend after vaccination. Conclusions: Neutralizing capacity response to the vaccine in subjects was similar to a healthy cohort in spite of lower increases in total IgG antibodies. The CD4 and CD8 results observed may support the capacity to mount an effective cellular response in patients on biologics. Larger studies are needed to determine vaccine efficacy in these patients.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.11.21263211v1" target="_blank">Early immunologic response to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in patients receiving biologics and/or immunomodulators.</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Synthetic Multiantigen MVA Vaccine COH04S1 Protects Against SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian Hamsters and Non-Human Primates</strong> -
<div>
Second-generation COVID-19 vaccines could contribute to establish protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants. We developed COH04S1, a synthetic multiantigen Modified Vaccinia Ankara-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine that co-expresses spike and nucleocapsid antigens. Here, we report COH04S1 vaccine efficacy in animal models. We demonstrate that intramuscular or intranasal vaccination of Syrian hamsters with COH04S1 induces robust Th1-biased antigen-specific humoral immunity and cross-neutralizing antibodies (NAb) and protects against weight loss, lower respiratory tract infection, and lung injury following intranasal SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Moreover, we demonstrate that single-dose or two- dose vaccination of non-human primates with COH04S1 induces robust antigen-specific binding antibodies, NAb, and Th1-biased T cells, protects against both upper and lower respiratory tract infection following intranasal/intratracheal SARS-CoV-2 challenge, and triggers potent post-challenge anamnestic antiviral responses. These results demonstrate COH04S1-mediated vaccine protection in animal models through different vaccination routes and dose regimens, complementing ongoing investigation of this multiantigen SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in clinical trials.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.15.460487v1" target="_blank">Synthetic Multiantigen MVA Vaccine COH04S1 Protects Against SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian Hamsters and Non-Human Primates</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Characterizing flexibility and mobility in the natural mutations of the SARS-CoV-2 spikes</strong> -
<div>
We use in silico modelling of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its mutations, as deposited on the Protein Data Bank (PDB), to ascertain their dynamics, flexibility and rigidity. Identifying the precise nature of the dynamics for the spike proteins enables, in principle, the use of further in silico design methods to quickly screen for existing and novel drug molecules that might prohibit the natural protein dynamics. We employ a recent protein flexibility modelling approach, combining methods for deconstructing a protein structure into a network of rigid and flexible units with a method that explores the elastic modes of motion of this network, and a geometric modelling of flexible motion. Our results thus far indicate that the overall motion of wild-type and mutated spike protein structures remains largely the same.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.14.460264v1" target="_blank">Characterizing flexibility and mobility in the natural mutations of the SARS-CoV-2 spikes</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The snoGloBe interaction predictor enables a broader study of box C/D snoRNA functions and mechanisms</strong> -
<div>
Box C/D small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a conserved class of noncoding RNA known to serve as guides for the site-specific 2’-O-ribose methylation of ribosomal RNAs and the U6 small nuclear RNA, through direct base pairing with the target. In recent years however, several examples of box C/D snoRNAs regulating different levels of gene expression including transcript stability and splicing have been reported. These regulatory interactions typically require direct binding of the target but do not always involve the guide region. Supporting these new box C/D snoRNA functions, high- throughput RNA-RNA interaction datasets detect many interactions between box C/D snoRNAs and messenger RNAs. To facilitate the study of box C/D snoRNA functionality, we created snoGloBe, a box C/D snoRNA machine learning target predictor based on a gradient boosting classifier and considering snoRNA and target sequence and position as well as target type. SnoGloBe convincingly outperforms general RNA duplex predictors and PLEXY, the only box C/D snoRNA-specific target predictor available. The study of snoGloBe human transcriptome-wide predictions identifies enrichment in snoRNA interactions in exons and on exon-intron junctions. Some specific snoRNAs are predicted to target groups of functionally-related transcripts on common regulatory elements and the exact position of the predicted targets strongly overlaps binding sites of RNA-binding proteins involved in relevant molecular functions. SnoGloBe was also applied to predicting interactions between human box C/D snoRNAs and the SARS-CoV-2 transcriptome, identifying known and novel interactions. Overall, snoGloBe is a timely new tool that will accelerate our understanding of C/D snoRNA targets and function.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.14.460265v1" target="_blank">The snoGloBe interaction predictor enables a broader study of box C/D snoRNA functions and mechanisms</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Global survey on COVID-19 beliefs, behaviors, and norms</strong> -
<div>
Policy and communication responses to COVID-19 can benefit from better understanding of people’s baseline and resulting beliefs, behaviors, and norms. From July 2020 to March 2021, we fielded a global survey on these topics in 67 countries yielding over 2.0 million responses. This paper provides an overview of the motivation behind the survey design, details the sampling and weighting designed to make the results representative of populations of interest and presents some insights learned from the survey. Several studies have already used the survey data to analyze risk perception, attitudes towards mask wearing and other preventative behaviors, as well as trust in information sources across communities worldwide. This resource can open new areas of inquiry in public health, communication, and economic policy by leveraging one of the first ever large-scale, rich survey data on beliefs, behaviors, and norms during a global pandemic in new and innovative ways.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/7r5sj/" target="_blank">Global survey on COVID-19 beliefs, behaviors, and norms</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Predictors of real-world parents acceptance to vaccinate their children against the COVID-19</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to threaten public health, the vaccination of children against the disease appears to be a key factor to control the pandemic. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of parents who have vaccinated their children against the COVID-19 and the factors influencing this decision. Methods: We conducted a web-based cross-sectional study in Greece during the first week of September 2021. The study questionnaire was distributed through social media and a convenience sample was obtained. Only parents with children aged 12-17 years old could participate in the study. We collected socio-demographic data of parents and we measured their attitudes towards vaccination and COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Study population included 656 parents. Mean age of parents was 45.5 years, while most of them were mothers with a high level of education. Regarding vaccination, 27.1% of parents had their children vaccinated against the COVID-19, while almost all children had a complete vaccination history (98.9%). The most important reasons for decline of COVID-19 vaccination were doubts about the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines (45.3%) and fear of side effects (36.6%). Regarding the information about the COVID-19 vaccines, parents showed more trust in family doctors than in scientists and the government. Multivariate regression analysis identified that increased parents age, increased trust in COVID-19 vaccines, and positive attitude of parents towards vaccination had a positive effect on children vaccination. Conclusions: Understanding the factors influencing parents9 decision to vaccinate their children against the COVID-19 is crucial to increase the COVID-19 vaccination coverage rate. Implementation of public health policies is necessary to spread knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines and to regain vaccine confidence.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.12.21263456v1" target="_blank">Predictors of real-world parents acceptance to vaccinate their children against the COVID-19</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Finding Treatments for COVID-19: A Trial of Antiviral Pharmacodynamics in Early Symptomatic COVID-19 (PLATCOV)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Favipiravir;   Drug: Monoclonal antibodies;   Drug: Ivermectin;   Other: No treatment;   Drug: Remdesivir<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University of Oxford<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study on Safety and Clinical Efficacy of AZVUDINE in Initial Stage COVID-19 Patients (SARS-CoV-2 Infected)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: AZVUDINE;   Drug: AZVUDINE placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   HRH Holdngs Limited;   GALZU INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH, TEACHING, APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Brazil;   SANTA CASA DE MISERICORDIA DE CAMPOS HOSPITAL (SCMCH), Brazil;   UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE (UENF), Brazil<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Morbidity in Healthcare Workers and Vitamin D Supplementation</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19 Respiratory Infection<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Vitamin D<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Federal State Budgetary Institution, V. A. Almazov Federal North-West Medical Research Centre, of the Ministry of Health<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>TThe Safety and Efficacy of SCTV01C in Population Aged ≥18 Years Previously Vaccinated With Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine.Healthy Population Aged ≥18 Years Previously Vaccinated With Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine.</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19;   SARS-CoV-2 Infection<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: SCTV01C;   Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Sinocelltech Ltd.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Safety and Efficacy of SCTV01C in Population Aged ≥18 Years Previously Vaccinated With Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine.Healthy Population Aged ≥18 Years Previously Vaccinated With Adenovirus Vectored or mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine.</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19;   SARS-CoV-2 Infection<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: SCTV01C;   Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Sinocelltech Ltd.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Heterologous Prime-boost Immunization With an Aerosolised Adenovirus Type-5 Vector-based COVID-19 Vaccine (Ad5-nCoV) After Priming With an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: inactive SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero cell);   Biological: Low dose aerosolized Ad5-nCoV;   Biological: High dose aerosolized Ad5-nCoV<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Jiangsu Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Text Message Nudges for COVID-19 Vaccination</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: Text message<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:  <br/>
Ascension South East Michigan<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Pilot Study of a PhysiOthErapy-based Tailored Intervention for Long Covid</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: Physiotherapy<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:  <br/>
University of Calgary;   Alberta Health Services<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Combined Antihistaminics Therapy in COVID 19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Loratadine;   Drug: Famotidine<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Ain Shams University;   Nasr City Insurance Hospital<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Prevention and Treatment of Patient Before, During, and After Covid-19 Infection</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: AntiCov-220<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:  <br/>
Nguyen Thi Trieu, MD<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Quercetin in the Prevention of Covid-19 Infection</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Dietary Supplement: Quercetin;   Combination Product: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Azienda di Servizi alla Persona di Pavia<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate Change in Viral Load After OPN-019 in Adults With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: OPN-019<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Optinose US Inc.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Physical Activity and Smell Trainings to Help Individuals With Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Recover From Persistent Smell and Taste Impairments - A Pilot Study</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Behavioral: Physical activity;   Other: Smell training<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Université de Montréal<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Lot Consistency of a Recombinant Coronavirus-Like Particle COVID-19 Vaccine</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: CoVLP formulation<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:  <br/>
Medicago<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety and Efficacy of KOVIR in the Combination Regimen With Background Treatment in COVID-19 Patients (KOVIR)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: KOVIR oral capsule;   Drug: Placebo oral capsule<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Sunstar Joint Stock Company;   Big Leap Clinical Research Joint Stock Company<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Low-Valent Calix[4]arene Glycoconjugates Based on Hydroxamic Acid Bearing Linkers as Potent Inhibitors in a Model of Ebola Virus Cis-Infection and HCMV-gB-Recombinant Glycoprotein Interaction with MDDC Cells by Blocking DC-SIGN</strong> - In addition to a variety of viral-glycoprotein receptors (e.g., heparan sulfate, Niemann-Pick C1, etc.), dendritic cell- specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), from the C-type lectin receptor family, plays one of the most important pathogenic functions for a wide range of viruses (e.g., Ebola, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), HIV-1, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, etc.) that invade host cells before replication; thus, its inhibition represents a…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of the correlation between the Access SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG II antibody tests with the SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test</strong> - Fully automated immunoassays for detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies that are strongly correlated with neutralization antibodies (nAbs) are clinically important because they enable assessment of humoral immunity after infection and vaccination. Access SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG II antibody tests are semi- quantitative, fully automated immunoassays that detect anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibodies and might reflect nAb levels in coronavirus disease…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Should the world collaborate imminently to develop neglected live attenuated vaccines for COVID-19?</strong> - The rapid spread of the Delta variant suggests that SARS-CoV-2 will likely keep rampant for months or years and could claim millions of more lives. All known vaccines cannot well defeat SARS-CoV-2 except neglected live attenuated vaccines (LAVs), which could have much higher efficacy and much higher production efficiency than other vaccines. LAVs have well defeated more pathogenic viruses than other vaccines in the history, and most of the current human vaccines for viral diseases are safe LAVs….</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: The Role of the Main Components of the Innate Immune System</strong> - At the end of December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic began in Wuhan of China. COVID-19 affects different people with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic with recovery without hospitalization up to a severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The innate and adaptive immunity appears responsible for the defense against the virus and recovery from the disease. The innate immune system, as the first line of defense, is essential for the detection of virus and…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus using ACE2-engineered extracellular vesicles</strong> - The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) throughout the world has resulted in stressful healthcare burdens and global health crises. Developing an effective measure to protect people from infection is an urgent need. The blockage of interaction between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and S protein is considered an essential target for anti- severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) drugs. A full-length ACE2 protein could be a potential drug to block early entry…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Role of Steroids in the Management of COVID-19 Infection</strong> - Steroids are anti-inflammatory drugs that have been utilized in a wide range of clinical illnesses, including rheumatologic, autoimmune, inflammatory, and numerous lung diseases. Because of the inhibition of the inflammatory cascade, corticosteroids are beneficial in many pulmonary disorders, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), laryngotracheobronchitis, interstitial lung diseases, severe pneumonia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. We will report a case of a…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>N-Terminal Modification of Gly-His-tagged Proteins with Azidogluconolactone</strong> - Site-specific protein modifications are vital for biopharmaceutical drug development. Gluconoylation is a non-enzymatic, post-translational modification of N-terminal HisTags. We report high-yield, site-selective in vitro α-aminoacylation of peptides, glycoproteins, antibodies, and Virus-like particles (VLPs) with azidogluconolactone at pH 7.5 in 1 h. Conjugates slowly hydrolyse, but diol-masking with borate esters inhibits reversibility. In an example, we multimerise azidogluconoylated…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Influence of coronavirus disease 2019 on myopic progression in children treated with low-concentration atropine</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: The rates of myopic progression have increased substantially after the spread of COVID-19 with an increase in the home confinement of children. Therefore, it is necessary to control the environmental risk factors for myopia, even in children undergoing treatment for the inhibition of myopic progression.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>New Chalcone Derivatives as Effective Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Agents</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: Computational analyses identified eight compounds inhibiting each target, with binding affinity scores ranging from -4,370 to -2,748 kcal/mol along with their toxicological, ADME, and drug-like properties.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy of Combination Therapy With The JAK Inhibitor Baricitinib In The Treatment of COVID-19</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the utility of immunosuppression via JAK inhibition in moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Social network-based cohorting to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in secondary schools: A simulation study in classrooms of four European countries</strong> - BACKGROUND: Operating schools safely under pandemic conditions is a widespread policy goal. We analyse the effectiveness of classroom cohorting, i.e., the decomposition of classrooms into smaller isolated units, in inhibiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in European secondary schools and compare different cohorting strategies.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Telaprevir is a potential drug for repurposing against SARS-CoV-2: computational and in vitro studies</strong> - Drug repurposing is an important approach to the assignment of already approved drugs for new indications. This technique bypasses some steps in the traditional drug approval system, which saves time and lives in the case of pandemics. Direct acting antivirals (DAAs) have repeatedly repurposed from treating one virus to another. In this study, 16 FDA-approved hepatitis C virus (HCV) DAA drugs were studied to explore their activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Endocytosis of abiotic nanomaterials and nanobiovectors: Inhibition of membrane trafficking</strong> - Humans are exposed to nanoscopical nanobiovectors (e.g. coronavirus SARS-CoV-2) as well as abiotic metal/carbon-based nanomaterials that enter cells serendipitously or intentionally. Understanding the interactions of cell membranes with these abiotic and biotic nanostructures will facilitate scientists to design better functional nanomaterials for biomedical applications. Such knowledge will also provide important clues for the control of viral infections and the treatment of virus-induced…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Polymeric Materials as Potential Inhibitors Against SARS-CoV-2</strong> - Recently discovered SARS-CoV-2 caused a pandemic that triggered researchers worldwide to focus their research on all aspects of this new peril to humanity. However, in the absence of specific therapeutic intervention, some preventive strategies and supportive treatment minimize the viral transmission as studied by some factors such as basic reproduction number, case fatality rate, and incubation period in the epidemiology of viral diseases. This review briefly discusses coronaviruses’ life cycle…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Asunaprevir, a Potent Hepatitis C Virus Protease Inhibitor, Blocks SARS-CoV-2 Propagation</strong> - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has become a global health concern. Various SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been developed and are being used for vaccination worldwide. However, no therapeutic agents against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been developed so far; therefore, new therapeutic agents are urgently needed. In the present study, we evaluated several hepatitis C virus direct-acting antivirals as potential candidates for drug repurposing against…</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE TO ANALYSE THE CONDITION OF COVID-19 PATIENTS BASED ON THEIR SATURATION LEVELS</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU335054861">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A HERB BASED COMPOSITION ANTI VIRAL MEDICINE FOR TREATMENT OF SARS COV 2 AND A METHOD FOR TREATING A PERSON INFECTED BY THE SARS COV 2 VIRUS</strong> - A Herbal composition, viz., PONNU MARUNTHU essentially comprising of ALLUIUM CEPA extract. [concentrated to 30%] 75%, SAPINDUS MUKOROSSI - extract [Optimised] 10%, CITRUS X LIMON - extract in its natural form 05 TRACYSPERMUM AMMI (L) – extract 07%,ROSA HYBRIDA - extract 03%, PONNU MARUNTHU solution 50 ml, or as a capsulated PONNU MARUNTHU can be given to SARS cov2 positive Patients, three times a day that is ½ an hour before food; continued for 3 days to 5 days and further taking it for 2 days if need be there; It will completely cure a person. When the SARS cov2 test shows negative this medicine can be discontinued. This indigenous medicine and method for treating a person inflicted with SARS COV 2 viral infection is quite effective in achieving of much needed remedy for the patients and saving precious lives from the pangs of death and ensuring better health of people. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN334865051">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Anti-Sars-Cov-2 Neutralizing Antibodies</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333857732">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Expression Vector for Anti-Sars-Cov-2 Neutralizing Antibodies</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333857737">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>DEVELOPMENT OF CNN SCHEME FOR COVID-19 DISEASE DETECTION USING CHEST RADIOGRAPH</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333857177">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种检测新型冠状病毒的引物探针组合及其应用</strong> - 本发明提供了一种检测新型冠状病毒的引物探针组合及其应用，所述检测新型冠状病毒的引物探针组合包括特异性扩增并检测2019‑nCoV的ORF1ab基因、核壳蛋白N基因和刺突蛋白S基因N501Y突变位点的特异性引物对和探针。本发明还提供了一种检测新型冠状病毒的试剂盒及其以非疾病诊断和/或治疗为目的的使用方法。本发明所述检测新型冠状病毒的引物探针组合具有良好的特异性与灵敏度，配合优化后的检测体系，可以对待测样本进行快速准确的检测，并可以对整个实验流程进行监控，降低假阳性以及假阴性检测结果的出现概率，具有重要的意义。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN335430482">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-COV-2 BINDING PROTEINS</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333402004">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19胸部CT图像识别方法、装置及电子设备</strong> - 本申请涉及一种COVID‑19胸部CT图像识别方法、装置及电子设备。所述方法获取COVID‑19的胸部CT图像，并针对胸部CT图像的特点，构建新冠肺炎CT识别网络，对该网络进行训练得到COVID‑19胸部CT图像识别模型，并利用该模型对待测CT图像进行分类。采用空洞卷积、深度卷积以及点卷积算子，减少冗余参数；采用并行结构连接方式，实现多尺度特征融合、降低模型复杂度；采用下采样方式，使用最大模糊池化以减少锯齿效应，保持信号的平移不变性；采用通道混洗操作，减少参数量与计算量，提高分类准确率，引入坐标注意力机制，使空间坐标信息与通道信息被关注，抑制不重要的信息，以解决资源匹配问题。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN335069870">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A PROCESS FOR PREPARING MONTELUKAST SODIUM FOR TREATING COVID 19 PATIENTS</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333857132">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>IDENTIFICATION OF ANTI-COVID 19 AGENT SOMNIFERINE AS INHIBITOR OF MPRO &amp; ACE2-RBD INTERACTION</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333857079">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<script>AOS.init();</script></body></html>

475
archive-daily-dose/16 September, 2021.html Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,475 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="" xml:lang="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<meta content="pandoc" name="generator"/>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes" name="viewport"/>
<title>16 September, 2021</title>
<style type="text/css">
code{white-space: pre-wrap;}
span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;}
span.underline{text-decoration: underline;}
div.column{display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;}
</style>
<title>Daily-Dose</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><style>*{overflow-x:hidden;}</style><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
<body>
<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Forever Trial at Guantánamo</strong> - President Biden moved to end the war in Afghanistan, but the proceedings against the remaining war-on-terror detainees, including the 9/11 suspects, drag on. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2021/09/20/the-forever-trial-at-guantanamo">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Fall of the bin Ladens</strong> - The family might have thrived indefinitely after Osama’s death but for the ambitions of Mohammed bin Salman. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-fall-of-the-bin-ladens">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Link Between Texas’s New Abortion Law and Its New Voting Laws</strong> - For decades, Republican strategists have seen exploiting both issues as a way to hang on to power. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-link-between-texass-new-abortion-law-and-its-new-voting-laws">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Meaning of California’s Anti-Stealthing Bill</strong> - The civil-rights attorney Alexandra Brodsky discusses how legislation against nonconsensual condom removal could expand understandings of sexual assault. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/the-meaning-of-californias-anti-stealthing-bill">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How to Talk About Climate Change Across the Political Divide</strong> - Katharine Hayhoe, an atmospheric scientist and evangelical Christian, has written a book that lays out strategies for discussing the climate crisis in a divided country. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/on-religion/how-to-talk-about-climate-change-across-the-political-divide">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>The housing crisis is the top concern for urban residents</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="Rowhouse facades along a city street." src="https://cdn.vox-
cdn.com/thumbor/lPjSE-2QpaKImb0LaPtBIASe3ZE=/0x0:4759x3569/1310x983/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/69866122/GettyImages_1228663775.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Rowhouses in the Bloomingdale neighborhood in Washington, DC, on September 14, 2020. | Bonnie Jo Mount/Washington Post via Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A new poll shows people are fed up with housing costs. And they want to build more housing.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kRjEQx">
Housing costs and homelessness in America’s cities are so bad that people in growing metro areas now appear more concerned about those issues than Covid-19, public safety, taxes, education, and jobs, according to a new <a href="https://www.manhattan-institute.org/metropolitan-majority-poll-costs-crime-classrooms">poll by the Manhattan Institute and Echelon Insights</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="T5a43w">
The poll surveyed 4,000 adults from August 11-20, sampling 200 people each in the “20 metropolitan areas with the largest numerical population growth from 2010-2019.”
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt="More urban voters in a poll expressed extreme concern over
the cost of housing (64 percent) and homelessness (63 percent) than the spread of Covid-19 (60 percent)." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/B5AL-Pqva9H8hfQmsODCl_qWX3U=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22853787/Screen_Shot_2021_09_15_at_5.35.34_PM.png"/> <cite>Manhattan Institute and Echelon Insights</cite>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YFvDnJ">
This poll takes place after more than a year of skyrocketing housing prices. The Case-Shiller Index, a leading measure of US home prices, <a href="https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/documents/indexnews/announcements/20210831-1442970/1442970_cshomeprice-
release-0831.pdf">showed in June</a> that prices had increased 18.6 percent since the previous year. According to <a href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MSPUS">data</a> from the US Census Bureau and the Department of Housing and Urban Development aggregated by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, the median sales price in the last quarter of 2019 was $327,100. By the second quarter of 2021, that number had hit $374,900.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="PORJKN">
“It’s not surprising that housing affordability was the top issue in America,” said Michael Hendrix, a senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute, a free-market think tank. “What surprised me was the intensity, the priority that housing affordability and generally cost of living for people that ranks in these fast-growing metros. It wasn’t just a San Francisco or New York issue, it’s becoming more widespread.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rzBshQ">
In attractive metropolitan areas, the situation is even more dire. <a href="https://www.redfin.com/us-housing-market">According to Redfin data</a>, Phoenix saw a 24.1 percent median sales price increase over the last year. Housing supply declined by 44.9 percent in San Francisco in the same time frame. And residents are noticing. In the Manhattan Institute’s poll, 64 percent of people in fast-growing urban areas said they were extremely or very concerned about the cost of housing. The poll has a sampling margin of error of plus/minus 2.3 percentage points and includes some respondents in less dense communities within the metro areas.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="U3ZzGW">
Unlike most national polls about housing affordability, this one asked respondents about which solutions they’d apply in their cities. Two-thirds strongly or somewhat support allowing “more housing to be built near transit stops,” an important solution since transit-oriented development is necessary to create affordable, walkable, and climate-friendly neighborhoods.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dwKnIm">
But, most importantly, the survey found that people in growing metro areas are in favor of making it easier to build more homes. Sixty-eight percent agreed that they would support “expediting and streamlining the approvals process so it is easier to begin building more housing” in their city. Only 20 percent say that they strongly or somewhat oppose. This, finally, helps get to the root of the issue.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TwyvCR">
American cities have seen such a steep rise in housing unaffordability largely due to a <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/cea/blog/2021/09/01/alleviating-supply-constraints-in-the-housing-market/">dangerously low supply of homes, in particular affordable homes</a>. One major reason is that state and local governments have artificially constrained the supply of housing through zoning ordinances and through a local government process that results in costly delays. By requiring things like minimum lot sizes or holding public meetings where developers are forced to defend building multi-family housing, these laws often make it illegal or unprofitable to build small starter homes or multi-family homes that would be more affordable relative to the large homes that get built in their stead.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9mmK0o">
These laws are often propped up and enforced by a minority of vocal homeowners who are more likely to attend local government meetings to oppose new housing developments — and the local officials who prioritize those voices.<strong> </strong>Commonly known as NIMBYs (Not In My Backyard), vocal individuals like this often have outsized influence despite research showing that they are <a href="https://sites.bu.edu/kleinstein/research/">unrepresentative of the communities they purport to speak for</a>.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/c-94OnSAzfLj1IICEkDOxtCuMug=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22852409/metro_figure_5.png"/> <cite>Manhattan Institute and Echelon Insights</cite>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dxfOo9">
To be sure, not everyone views the situation this way. Even though poll respondents were widely supportive of making it easier to build more housing, they don’t necessarily see it as the best answer to the affordability crisis.<strong> </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TncV0G">
When asked to choose between two statements explaining the problem, 55 percent of respondents picked the explanation that “there are homes available, but they’re too expensive for working and middle-class people to rent or purchase. State and local governments need to subsidize building more affordable homes.” Just 30 percent agreed with the statement that home prices are high because there aren’t enough homes and that the solution would be making it easier to build more of them.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="p7kIYJ">
And it’s possible that people would oppose specific new housing projects in their communities, even if they agree with the broad principle that building more housing in their city is good.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0G9TQj">
But this poll is another piece of evidence that anger over the lack of new affordable housing has reached a crescendo. Residents want more affordable housing built in their cities. They favor transit-oriented development. They are eager for the government to subsidize the building of more affordable housing. And they are in favor of making it easier to build more homes.
</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The pandemic has created a nation of insomniacs</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="A person in a rumpled bed with a pillow over their face, trying to sleep." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/Yp3dFsl3y92uAo7QJDSpdG1MWv0=/697x0:6270x4180/1310x983/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/69865952/GettyImages_1262790546.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Americans were having trouble sleeping before the pandemic. It’s only gotten worse. | Basak Gurbuz Derman/Getty Images
</figcaption></figure></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Why we still can’t sleep, and what to do about it.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Zn8FFP">
Remember sleeping?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="z7AJvS">
For too many Americans, it’s a distant memory: a time when we were able to get in bed, close our eyes, and drift off unencumbered without worries about contracting Covid-19, or the hours of work that piled up after supervising a day of remote school, or whether we need to buy <a href="https://www.npr.org/2021/07/24/1020088162/experts-call-for-
more-stringent-mask-requirements-as-delta-variant-spreads">a different kind of mask</a> (again).
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TdfZnf">
Sleep deprivation has become one of the many side effects of the pandemic. It’s one that’s often invisible — a lot of people have no choice but to muddle through their day no matter how tired they are — but one that’s slowly wearing us down.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MYebYt">
For some, lack of sleep is about<strong> </strong>lack of time. “I get up now hours before my kids to get a few hours of writing and work done,” Courtney Boen, a professor of sociology and demography at the University of Pennsylvania, told Vox. “I know I’m not alone.”
</p>
<div id="8KNcqN">
<blockquote class="twitter- tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
Seen some version of <br/><br/>“I’ll get to that around 10pm after kids go to bed.”<br/><br/>“I’ll send to you by 7am, before kids wake up.”<br/><br/>in <em>countless</em> emails/texts w colleagues w young kids (mostly women) over last 18 mo.<br/><br/>This is unsustainable but we’ve been sustaining it for over a year.
</p>
— Dr. Courtney Boen, PhD, MPH (<span class="citation" data-cites="CourtneyBoen">@CourtneyBoen</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/CourtneyBoen/status/1432314010846826497?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 30, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KA2Ttv">
But for others,<strong> </strong>scheduling isn’t necessarily to blame. When the pandemic hit, rates of insomnia <a href="https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20210121-the-coronasomnia-phenomenon-keeping-us-from-
getting-sleep">spiked around the world</a>, driven by everything from the stress of living during an international public health crisis to the changes in daily life wrought by lockdowns. “People had additional responsibilities, new challenges, much more uncertainty,” Lauren Hale, a professor of family, population, and preventive medicine at Stony Brook University, told Vox.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8otIeK">
And as the delta variant continues to spread around the country, that uncertainty and its effects on sleep may not have abated. Some people have just gotten used to disrupted cycles and 3 am anxiety spirals; it’s how life is now.<strong> </strong>As Jennifer Martin, a clinical psychologist who serves on the board of directors for the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, told Vox, “There are some people who are still experiencing a lot of disruption.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kjLVrK">
While there are steps people can take in their own lives to address insomnia, sleep deprivation isn’t just a personal problem; it’s also a social one. And as with so many other problems in the pandemic, real relief will require policy changes — like shorter work hours, better pay, and improved access to health care — to make American life more secure for everyone.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="24Z6Rq">
“The stress and sleep disruptions and uncertainty that so many Americans experience now during the pandemic is something that is preventable,” Boen said. “It’s something that can be mitigated through policy decisions.”
</p>
<h3 id="PUgyaR">
The pandemic is a major insomnia trigger
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ptrjOZ">
Sleep is a basic human need, just like food or oxygen, and most adults need <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about_sleep/how_much_sleep.html">about seven hours a night</a>. If we miss out on it for a night or two, we may notice problems like difficulty with decisions, not feeling mentally sharp, and becoming less tolerant of social conflict. Lack of sleep “kind of makes it harder for us to function around other people,” Martin said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cDHRmK">
Those short-term effects are reversible once we do get a good night’s sleep. But when people get less than seven hours of sleep on a regular basis, they face increased risk of metabolic problems like type 2 diabetes, as well as mental health issues like depression, Martin said. And when they go below six hours for a long period of time, they can experience cardiovascular problems and even an increased risk of mortality.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dK9vBj">
All of this is bad news for a population that, even before the pandemic, wasn’t getting enough sleep. Americans’ sleep hours have been declining since the 1980s, <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/health-
shots/2019/10/28/773622789/working-americans-are-getting-less-sleep-especially-those-who-save-our-lives">according to NPR</a>, with long work hours and stress the likely culprits. In one 2018 study, 35.6 percent of participants reported inadequate sleep, up from 30.9 percent in 2010. “We’re a very engaged 24/7 society, and one of the first activities that gets curtailed is our sleep,” clinical psychologist Todd Arnedt told NPR in 2018.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qGChfn">
The pandemic made matters worse. In <a href="https://jcsm.aasm.org/doi/10.5664/jcsm.8800">one study</a> conducted across 49 countries in March and April 2020, 40 percent of people said their sleep was worse than before the pandemic. Participants’ use of sleeping pills increased by 20 percent. Google searches for “insomnia” also <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/11/201118141724.htm">spiked in the US in April and May</a>, when many parts of the country were under stay-at-home orders. Meanwhile, Americans’ spending on the over-the-counter sleep supplement melatonin <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/melatonin-sales-spiked-coronavirus-
pandemic-2021-1">increased by 42.6 percent</a> in 2020. “That consumer behavior is a sign that people are struggling,” Martin said.
</p>
<div class="c-float-right c-float-hang">
<aside id="jOwXWH">
<q>Any stressful experience that disrupts sleep for a period of time risks triggering chronic insomnia</q>
</aside>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5YjzkA">
Then there are the hundreds of thousands of people who have contracted Covid-19. While insomnia isn’t technically considered a symptom of the disease, the respiratory symptoms can make it difficult to sleep. And clinicians are seeing a lot of chronic sleep problems in people experiencing <a href="https://www.vox.com/22369734/long-hauler-covid-vaccine">long Covid</a>. “We’re still trying to learn about that, and whether it might play a role in making the recovery more difficult,” Martin said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TVwVjw">
While there’s not yet much data on sleep trends this year, experts say the sleep disturbances of the early pandemic could persist over time. For one thing, plenty of people are still dealing with a lot of anxiety around the pandemic, from those who have lost their jobs to those dealing with the stress of <a href="https://www.vox.com/22644686/covid-delta-back-to-school-schools-pandemic">sending kids to school</a> amid the delta variant. As Hale put it, “everybody has their own reasons why they aren’t sleeping as well during an international crisis.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="du0mmg">
For another, any stressful experience that disrupts sleep for a period of time risks triggering chronic insomnia. When patients are asked how their sleep problems started, they’ll typically mention some “stressful event or a big change in their life as a thing that sort of got them off track,” Martin said. “Short-term insomnia is how long-term insomnia starts.” That’s one reason some Americans may still be having trouble sleeping now, more than 18 months into the pandemic, even if they’re vaccinated and their personal fears around Covid-19 have (somewhat) abated.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1CfJKt">
And that’s just the insomnia piece of the puzzle. Add to that the countless Americans who might be able to get to sleep — if they ever had time to actually get in bed. That group includes a lot of working parents, who have been navigating school and day care closures for more than a year and a half. For some, that’s meant <a href="https://www.vox.com/21536100/economy-pandemic-lose-generation-working-mothers">dropping out of the workforce</a>. For others, it’s meant doing the equivalent of a full-time job on top of their job: In 2020, mothers of kids under 12 spent an average of eight hours every day on child care, <a href="https://19thnews.org/2021/08/moms-child-
care-pandemic-full-time-job/">the 19th reported</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BhxDRh">
Those hours have to come from somewhere, and often, they come out of parents’ sleep. One <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/17455065211010655">2020 study</a> found levels of sleep deprivation in moms that were twice as high as those seen before the pandemic. And in a <a href="https://www.kff.org/policy-
watch/its-back-to-school-amid-covid-19-and-mothers-especially-are-feeling-the-strain/">July 2020 poll</a> by the Kaiser Family Foundation, 53 percent of moms and 29 percent of dads reported sleep problems from stress related to the pandemic.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IVliNI">
For a lot of people, it hasn’t necessarily gotten better since then. “I’m chronically tired,” said Boen, the sociologist, who has a 6-year-old and a 2-year-old and has been without regular child care since March 2020. “I think that’s a really common experience right now.”
</p>
<h3 id="eWbhwJ">
Sleep deprivation could worsen the impact of the pandemic, too
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8RGzZk">
Being chronically tired could be putting our health at risk — especially as Covid-19 continues to spread. Habitual lack of sleep can harm our immune function, which is “particularly important when there’s a pandemic going on,” Hale said. “In an effort to prevent disease, we want to be sleeping well.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oB9ljz">
Sleep deprivation could also exacerbate social inequalities. In general, “it tends to be the most vulnerable, disadvantaged individuals in society who have the worst sleep patterns,” Hale said. Racial disparities in sleep, for example, existed before the pandemic began. “African Americans, in particular, are the most sleep-deprived population in the United States,” Bridget Goosby, a sociology professor at the University of Texas at Austin, told Vox.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YCnHPS">
Since Black, Indigenous, and other people of color have been disproportionately impacted by the pandemic and financial crisis, they’re likely dealing with more stressors that could affect sleep. And that, in turn, could worsen the impacts of the pandemic by making these groups even more vulnerable to getting sick, either with Covid-19 or with conditions like diabetes that are affected by sleep.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eXJlCe">
“Not only has the pandemic heightened levels of chronic stress in ways that have been highly unequal, it’s also disrupted sleep patterns in ways that prevent people’s bodies from being able to handle that level of physiological stress,” Boen said. “It’s this sort of double jeopardy that I think a lot of people and groups are facing.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LErJhs">
Without policies to address them, the effects of these disruptions are likely to persist beyond the immediate stressors of the pandemic, affecting people across their lives. “We’re going to see higher rates of morbidity, illness, chronic disease risks,” Goosby said. “This is a really alarming situation for populations that were already vulnerable.”
</p>
<h3 id="4iAh3G">
To help people sleep, we need to make their waking lives better
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="SZMpuB">
Even in a pandemic, however, widespread sleep deprivation isn’t inevitable. On an individual level, there are changes some people can make that could help them sleep better. First, to the extent possible, people can try to replicate the daily rituals that structured their lives before the pandemic started. “Our sleep loves routine,” Martin said. “When the days look the same, our sleep at night is more predictable.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZjpiDZ">
For a lot of Americans, life looks very different than it did before the pandemic — and everything from shifting work schedules to child care and school disruptions can make it hard to establish a daily routine. But every little bit helps. “For me, one of the things that helped a lot early in the pandemic was to have a start and end time for my work day,” Martin said. “I just would pretend that I was going to go to work, and I would get up and get dressed, and have breakfast and do all the things that I normally would, and start my day, and then have a time that I would just shut down my computer.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nFsVZj">
Sometimes, however, the modifications people can make on their own aren’t enough. In that case, a form of <a href="https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/treatment/cognitive-behavioral-therapy-insomnia">cognitive behavioral therapy</a>, which helps people identify thoughts or feelings related to insomnia, has been shown to be highly effective, Martin said. People should also consider visiting a sleep medicine physician, because many people with insomnia also have other sleep disorders, like sleep apnea, that may need specialized treatment. The website <a href="http://sleepeducation.org">sleepeducation.org</a>, from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, also has resources to help people sleep better or find a sleep specialist if they need to.
</p>
<div class="c-float-left c-float- hang">
<aside id="tO9SHK">
<q>“African Americans, in particular, are the most sleep-deprived population in the United States” —Bridget Goosby</q>
</aside>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LotKpg">
But unfortunately, these solutions aren’t accessible to everyone. Not everyone has health insurance to pay for therapy, and not everyone has enough control over their schedule to make sure it’s predictable from one day to the next. That’s why experts say ensuring healthy sleep for all will require systemic changes, not just individual fixes, to reduce the fear and uncertainty inherent in American life.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hOZN5v">
Some of those are changes employers can make, like allowing flexible work hours or providing consistent scheduling so that people can plan ahead for work and child care. “Anything that enables employees to get the sleep they need, as long as they’re still doing their job, will improve morale and reduce stress, which can help with sleep as well,” Hale said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0FNfPT">
<a href="https://www.vox.com/22568452/work-workweek-five-day-four-jobs-
pandemic">Shorter work hours</a> could also help. In <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/9045819_A_6-hour_working_day--effects_on_health_and_well-being">one Swedish study</a>, reducing the workweek from 39 hours to 30 hours led to a reduction in sleep problems as well as a reduction in heart and respiratory issues. And while flexibility for working parents in the pandemic is important, it’s not much help if they still have so much work that they need all night to complete it.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YQPuHx">
Then there are larger policy changes. “People tend to think of things like stress and sleep as these highly individualized behaviors or responses,” Boen said. “But they’re entirely shaped and determined by social and political conditions.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Gye1lg">
Federal, state, and local officials may not be able to end the pandemic, but they can address the stresses that have been exacerbated by it — and that contribute to racial and economic disparities in sleep, Hale said. That means reforms like raising the minimum wage, along with increasing access to affordable health care, both for sleep issues and for general well-being. “If you’re in pain or distress or sick, your sleep is often affected,” Hale said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="SdrTYE">
It also means combating structural racism, from housing segregation to police violence to the school-to- prison pipeline. “One policy is not going to be the thing that fixes sleep,” Goosby said. “We have to have a really big- picture way of thinking about this all holistically.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ulDGSN">
Ultimately, she added, “sleep is just a symptom.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2dELvz">
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZQtNPp">
</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>SpaceX just sent four civilians and soon you can buy the stuff they took into orbit</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="People in astronaut suits exit cars with gull-wing doors." src="https://cdn.vox-
cdn.com/thumbor/DsE9-e-s4_hq0w1EJyYBm913LNY=/93x0:1913x1365/1310x983/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/69864352/SPACEX_I4_DSC_3157.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
The Inspiration4 mission, led by billionaire Jared Isaacman, will be the first all-civilian crew to enter Earth’s orbit. | Courtesy of Inspiration4/SpaceX
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The latest SpaceX mission is carrying souvenirs to space that people can buy when the ship returns to Earth.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zhPV9u">
On Wednesday night, SpaceX’s Inspiration4 mission launched the first-ever all-civilian crew into Earth’s orbit. With the help of companies including Sam Adams and<strong> </strong>Martin Guitars, the three-day trip to space aims to raise $200 million for St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in what amounts to a charitable spin on the emerging market for <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/22589197/space-travel-tourism-bezos-branson-rockets-blue-origin-virgin-galactic-
spacex">very expensive joyrides to space</a>. The fact that the mission is filled with branding opportunities isn’t surprising, given that private space launches are already massive multichannel streaming and media events.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wkQBzB">
Jared Isaacman, the billionaire founder and CEO of the e-commerce company Ship4Payments, is funding the much-publicized trip. The crew also includes the mission’s pilot, Sian Proctor, a geology professor; Hayley Arceneaux, <a href="https://www.stjude.org/inspire/series/storied-lives/st-jude-cancer-survivor-hayley-arceneaux-hope-
inspiration4-worlds-first-all-civilian-space-flight.html">a St. Jude physician assistant</a>; and <a href="https://www.space.com/chris-sembroski-inspiration4-spacex-mission">Chris Sembroski</a>, an engineer who <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/01/science/spacex-jared-isaacman.html">won his ticket in a raffle</a>. None of the passengers are professional astronauts, and they’ll be relying on SpaceX’s autonomous Crew Dragon capsule to ensure the mission goes smoothly.
</p>
<div id="9R4yMO">
<div style="width: 100%; height: 0; padding-bottom: 56.25%;">
</div>
</div></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6fDKnP">
The Inspiration4 capsule took off a little after 8pm ET and was carried into space by SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket before entering Earth’s orbit around 80 miles beyond the International Space Station (ISS). After about three days of zero gravity and magnificent views — not to mention activities such as a ukulele performance and <a href="https://www.thecut.com/2021/09/how-hayley-arceneaux-gets-it-done.html">a video call to a St. Jude patient</a> — the crew will return to Earth, and in late September, Netflix will release a feature-length finale of its five-part reality TV series about the mission. (The first four episodes of the show are already available to watch, and Netflix is livestreaming the launch on its YouTube page.)
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="thWd66">
The mission also involves a motley payload of gear and collectibles, including merchandise that will be put up for sale in a charity auction after the crew returns to Earth. Those items range from space-themed watches made by IWC to stuffed rocket-ship toys based on characters from the animated Netflix series <em>Space Racers</em>. There’s a <a href="https://www.mcall.com/news/breaking/mc-biz-martin-
guitar-ukelele-in-space-20210909-jatpwxfhebdvxofzsvyzmjylqe-story.html">$2,000 Martin Guitar ukulele</a> that Sembroski will play on board. And the Inspiration4’s official beer maker, Sam Adams, also arranged for 66 pounds of hops to go to space and will brew beer with them once the mission lands (the beer will be available for purchase later in the fall). Perhaps the weirdest of the items is a slew of <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-goods/22313936/non-fungible-tokens-
crypto-explained">non-fungible tokens</a> stored on iPhones, including an NFT recording of a Kings of Leon song that’s set to become the first music NFT ever played in space. Bidding for these items starts on Thursday, and the auctions will end in November.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-
cdn.com/thumbor/uA3kUhxIoLBY761vCdgXoCWIdYg=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22853782/IWC_Pilot_s_Watch_Chronograph_Edition__03.jpg"/> <cite>Courtesy of Inspiration4</cite>
<figcaption>
The watchmaker IWC designed Inspiration4-themed watches that crew members will wear during their time in space.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="id5Uo1">
While selling stuff that’s been to space isn’t new, it’s about to become a lot more common. NASA, a government agency subject to congressional oversight, has traditionally restricted the commercialization of space missions. But as the number of <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/22589197/space-travel-tourism-bezos-branson-rockets-blue-origin-virgin-galactic-
spacex">non-NASA space flights has grown</a>, so have opportunities for space-bound merchandise and product placement. Now, because commercial space companies don’t necessarily operate under NASA’s strict restrictions, there’s a race to seize new marketing opportunities in the cosmos: namely, sending products to space before selling them back on Earth.
</p>
<h3 id="6Wktca">
A brief history of space merchandise
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="bkm8Xw">
NASA itself doesn’t typically sell stuff that’s been to space, but items from NASA missions have found their way to the market in the past. Meanwhile, astronauts are civil servants and are not legally allowed to personally profit from their positions until they retire from government work, limiting when they can sell any personal items they’re allowed to bring on their missions. Other valuable items that have been to space on NASA missions are typically offered to museums or, on rare occasions, sold off by the government.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="o5f1iJ">
Some of the most remarkable items that have made the trip to space and back before being sold to the public have come from astronauts from the <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2014/05/14/tech/web/apollo-space-auction/index.html">Gemini, Apollo, and Mercury programs</a>, some of whom happened to save equipment from their missions. Regulations surrounding what astronauts could keep from these initial missions <a href="https://www.npr.org/2012/01/09/144923154/nasa-challenges-sale-of-
apollo-13-artifact">amounted to verbal agreements</a> at the time, which has led to <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-
goods/2019/7/16/20694802/apollo-11-memorabilia-auction-moon-landing-tapes-anniversary">some controversy</a> over who had the right to the artifacts. But in 2012, President Barack Obama signed a bill into law confirming that these astronauts indeed had ownership rights <a href="https://spacenews.com/obama-signs-astronaut-artifacts-bill-law/">over many of these mementos</a>. Now, these items sell for hefty sums: One bag from the Apollo 11 mission that was used by Neil Armstrong to carry samples of moon dust <a href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2017/space-
exploration-n09759/lot.102.html">sold at Sotheby’s in 2017 for $1.8 million</a>.
</p>
<div id="8srhVX">
<div style="width:
100%; height: 0; padding-bottom: 75%;">
</div>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="K5Ick7">
NASA also has strict rules against advertising or endorsing products, and it makes very little off of merchandise with branding or iconography. While the space agency’s various logos have appeared on everything from <a href="https://www.vans.com/shop/ProductDisplay?storeId=10165&amp;urlLangId=-36&amp;productId=3829618&amp;urlRequestType=Base&amp;categoryId=1346789&amp;langId=-36&amp;catalogId=11261">Vans shoes</a> to <a href="https://www.forever21.com/us/2000399934.html">Forever 21 tops</a>, the image is in the public domain, which means it’s free for anyone to use.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6RQcVf">
“People have seen what the historic flown items have sold for and understand that there’s a market for that material, and that those things are valuable and collectible,” said Cassandra Hatton, Sotheby’s global head of science and pop culture, who works with astronauts on memento auctions. “The reason why they were flown originally — there was no commercial purpose behind it. Their value really is historic.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BFz5Bh">
NASA has started to welcome some commercial deals in recent years. In 2019, the <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/17/tech/estee-lauder-iss-nasa-advertisement-scn/index.html">space agency formally announced</a> that it would allow 90 hours of crew time annually for astronauts to pursue marketing activities commissioned by private companies. For instance, Estée Lauder last year <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-09-26/nasa-rocket-launch-to-iss-will-be-used-for-estee-lauder-el-
ads">paid astronauts</a> to take pictures of a face serum in zero gravity on the ISS. The ISS National Lab has also <a href="https://www.gameplan-a.com/2020/08/how-to-create-for-sports-in-space-the-adidas-experience/">partnered with Adidas</a> to test its soccer ball on the station, though it’s unclear how useful it is to test a soccer ball in space.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5374K9">
All this means that product placement and promotional stunts in space have historically happened without the US space administration. They have, though, had help from Roscosmos, the Russian equivalent of NASA. Over the past several decades, Russia’s space agency has helped advertise <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1997/08/21/mir-boosts-israeli-
milk/6399ff35-d1e8-4f95-973f-ea3566b94ea1/">milk</a>, <a href="https://www.space.com/37263-commercials-in-
space.html">ramen</a>, <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/04/pepsi-advertisement-
space/587608/">Pepsi</a>, and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yB6tVUiNTNk">even Pizza Hut personal pizzas</a>. And if Stanley Kubrick’s <em>2001: A Space Odyssey</em> is any indication of what’s to come — the movie <a href="https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20120712-where-is-hiltons-lunar-hotel">featured a Hilton hotel on the moon</a> — the trend of private companies using space as a marketing opportunity will only grow.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8uhieP">
“This exploration of space is not just about exploring the scientific or technical frontiers,” explains Scott Pace, director of George Washington University’s Space Policy Institute. “It’s also exploring about, you know, where can the economy go? Where do we expand economic activities beyond the Earth?”
</p>
<h3 id="hBqUS0">
Commercial space travel means space gear will become more common
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="C4FEiw">
Three private space companies have already begun the process of launching very wealthy civilians into space: Jeff Bezos’s Blue Origin, Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic, and now Elon Musk’s SpaceX. All three companies have not only sold their own merchandise but have also cleared the way for space- themed branding and marketing opportunities.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OntSzr">
Virgin Galactic, for example, partnered with Under Armour to sell branded <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/16/science/virgin-galactic-
spacesuit.html">sportswear</a>, including the “<a href="https://about.underarmour.com/news/2021/07/virgin-galactic-
spaceflight-capsule-collection">spacewear</a>” that Virgin Galactic customers wear on their flights and take home afterward. The space tourism company also collaborated with Land Rover to create an Astronaut Edition Range Rover that’s only available to people <a href="https://www.virgingalactic.com/articles/introducing-the-astronaut-edition-range-
rover/">who have purchased tickets on a Virgin Galactic flight</a>. The SUV <a href="https://media.landrover.com/news/2019/05/range-rover-reaches-new-heights-astronaut-edition-built-celebrate-
partnership-
virgin?utm_medium=social&amp;utm_source=YouTube.com&amp;utm_campaign=L405_Virgin%20Galactic_Range%20Rover%20(L405)9&amp;utm_content=CTA%20to%20DX_LR-
GL1954">includes</a> a space plane-shaped puddle light, as well as cup holders made out of a piece of the landing skid from one of Virgin Galactic’s first flights.
</p>
<div id="Yf8XWh">
<div style="width: 100%; height: 0; padding-bottom:
56.25%;">
</div>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VFISGc">
Blue Origin similarly used <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/22583997/billionaires-blue-origin-elon-musk-jeff-bezos-rockets-planes-commercial-space-
tourism">the launch of its first crewed mission</a>, which included Bezos himself, to debut the first electric vehicle from <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/22649283/rivian-ipo-tesla-suv-pickup-electric-vehicles-ev">Rivian</a> (one of the automaker’s biggest investors is Amazon, where Bezos used to work).
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MDawfg">
A few of these kinds of marketing opportunities, however, happen more serendipitously. After Bezos threw Skittles across the space capsule on <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/22583997/billionaires-blue-origin-elon-musk-jeff-bezos-rockets-planes-commercial-
space-tourism">his Blue Origin flight</a> in July, for instance, Skittles quickly announced it would release a limited- time candy pack called “Zero-G Skittles.” The candymaker told Recode the move was not coordinated ahead of time.
</p>
<div id="NFmcHo">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
We are honored to have heard SKITTLES were aboard <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/BlueOrigin?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#BlueOrigin</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/JeffBezos?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw"><span class="citation" data-cites="JeffBezos">@JeffBezos</span></a> is it true <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/SKITTLES?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#SKITTLES</a> taste better in space?<a href="https://t.co/PPdYf6BVCZ">https://t.co/PPdYf6BVCZ</a>
</p>
— SKITTLES (<span class="citation" data-cites="Skittles">@Skittles</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/Skittles/status/1417522967307816963?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">July 20, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="V1tWwt">
Though the trend in space-based branding and marketing campaigns seems to showcase the worst qualities of American capitalism, some argue there’s a greater good in it all. Most people can’t afford a ticket to space, as prices for space tourism missions are still in <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/22570789/richard-branson-
elon-musk-jeff-bezos-spacex-blue-origin-virgin-galactic">the hundreds of thousands of dollars</a>. But merchandise and collectibles from these commercial missions mean private space firms can still sell consumers the feeling that they’re at least part of this moment in space history for a lot less money.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zaYkjc">
“By flying our brands, we get to fly along with them,” Robert Pearlman, <a href="http://www.collectspace.com/about.html">a space historian</a> who runs the space collectibles website collectSpace, told Recode. “We get to see a little bit more of ourselves in how spaceflight unfolds and say, ‘Yeah, I may not be able to afford a flight to space, but I eat Skittles.’”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BBYrcH">
Sponsored content from celebrities in space might not be far away, either. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/celebrities-reserve-tickets-to-fly-space-richard-branson-virgin-
galactic-2021-7">Plenty of celebrities</a> have already reserved tickets on Virgin Galactic, and Virgin Galactic already has plans to bring <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/07/20/kellie-gerardi-prepares-for-first-spaceflight-with-virgin-
galactic.html">a TikTok science influencer</a> on one of its upcoming flights. Meanwhile, the private spaceflight company Axiom Space, which has <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/02/axiom-space-expands-spacex-deal-for-private-
crew-launches-to-iss-.html">contracted several flights from SpaceX</a>, is offering a space-themed “content innovation platform” to help companies do product demonstrations and create ads in space. More <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/05/tech/who-wants-to-be-an-astronaut-space-hero-reality-television-
scn/index.html">space-based reality TV</a> is in the works, too, including competition shows that aim to send civilians into space. The Discovery Channel is developing one called <em>Who Wants to Be an Astronaut</em>, and earlier this year, NASA signed off on a show called <em>Space Hero</em> that will send a lucky contestant to the ISS.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WlhIkT">
While commercial space travel feels exciting right now, the novelty of billionaires and ordinary people traveling to space for fun might not last forever. But keenly aware of the historic nature of its flight, the Inspiration4 mission is trying to capitalize on the enthusiasm — for charity — that comes with such an event. We’ll see just how much people will be willing to pay for a piece of that history when the mission lands.
</p>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Shastri, Arun, Sridhar awaiting “fit to fly” certificate in order to return home, says BCCI official</strong> - None of the three Indian coaches currently have any symptoms and are completely fit.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Indian Premier League 2021 | KKR’s Morgan, McCullum excited about playing in front of fans</strong> - KKR will start their second leg of the campaign against Royal Challengers Bangalore in Abu Dhabi on September 20.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Indian Premier League 2021 | Doesn’t matter what we have done in first half, says Delhi Capitals coach Ponting</strong> - The IPL resumes in the UAE on Sunday. Delhi Capitals lead the points table with six wins from eight matches.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Davis Cup | Indian players need to give their all against Finland</strong> - Experienced Prajnesh Guneswaran and Ramkumar Ramanathan need to deliver that knockout punch that will take India to the next year’s Qualifiers.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>IPL 2021 | I can say that old Yuzi is back, asserts ‘pumped-up’ Chahal</strong> - Leg-spinner Yuzvendra Chahal has not been included in the Indian squad selected for the 2021 T20 World Cup.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>NCC to be made more relevant in changed times</strong> - Panel formed to propose measures for gainful engagement of its alumni</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mar Severios to be next Catholicos</strong> - Episcopal synod of Orthodox Church proposes his name unanimously</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Painting competition for school students in Kerala as part of World Space Week celebrations</strong> - The contest, to be conducted online on October 2 and October 3, is open to all students in the State from Classes I to</li>
</ul>
<ol start="12" type="I">
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">The theme of the competition will be related to space technology.</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Kerala Real Estate Regulatory Authority says registration is mandatory for retirement home projects as well</strong> - K-RERA has issued show-cause notices to projects that have failed to make registrations. The authority is also planning to initiate action against developers who fail to register their retirement home projects</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Anaesthetist, who contracted COVID-19, undergoes double lung transplant</strong> - Doctors say this is the first ever post-COVID-19 double lung transplant on a COVID-19 warrior who is also a medical professional</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Covid-19: France suspends 3,000 unvaccinated health workers</strong> - The country has made Covid-19 vaccination mandatory for all healthcare and care home workers.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Denmark set to ban life-term prisoners from new romantic links</strong> - The ban comes after a 17-year-old admitted to a romantic relationship with murderer Peter Madsen.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Marks &amp; Spencer blames Brexit as it closes 11 French stores</strong> - Brexit has made it “near impossible” for it to supply fresh and chilled products to France, the retailer says.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Covid-19: Pope puzzled about vaccine hesitancy in the Church</strong> - Pope Francis says most people at the Vatican are vaccinated except for a “small group”.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>French storms: Nine drown in choppy Mediterranean sea</strong> - Those who drowned in the dangerous conditions were all in their 50s, 60s and 70s.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>US hospitals buckling under delta surge: 25% of ICUs are over 95% full</strong> - The burden on hospital ICUs has more than doubled since June. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1795673">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Shocking Pixel 6 rumor lists Google SoC with two ARM X1 CPU cores</strong> - Google blazes its own trail for its first SoC design. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1795420">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How the Le Mans hydrogen racer is shaping up</strong> - In preparation for a hydrogen-powered category, Le Mans saw laps from prototypes. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1795573">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Crew Dragon has flown four more people—all private citizens—into space</strong> - SpaceX promised to make spaceflight available to the masses. This is a good start. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1795344">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The iPhone 13 is thicker and heavier than the iPhone 12</strong> - Plus, more new details revealed by Apple’s website. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1795569">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>In Britain we call it a “lift” but Americans call it an “elevator”.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
I guess we’re just raised differently.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Gil-Gandel"> /u/Gil-Gandel </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/pp860g/in_britain_we_call_it_a_lift_but_americans_call/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/pp860g/in_britain_we_call_it_a_lift_but_americans_call/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>Jesus and Moses walking on the beach.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
So Jesus and Moses are walking along the beach and Moses says “you know Jesus it’s been a long time since I parted the sea let me see if I can still do it”. So he throws his staff down throws his arms up and nothing happens. Jesus says to him “why don’t you try again it’s been a long time”. So Moses throws his staff down, throws his arms up and the sea parts, it was beautiful. So Jesus says to Moses “it’s been a long time since I’ve walked on the water let me see if I still have it in me”. Jesus walks out onto the water and sinks, he comes back up discouraged but Moses tells him it’s been a long time and to give it another go. Jesus walks back out onto the waters and sinks again he comes back up and says “I know what the problem is last time I did this I didn’t have these damn holes in my feet”.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Bryan13191"> /u/Bryan13191 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/pp42vj/jesus_and_moses_walking_on_the_beach/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/pp42vj/jesus_and_moses_walking_on_the_beach/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>My father is Cuban and my mother is from Iceland. So i am……</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
…..
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
an Ice Cube
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Cred: Russell Peters
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/biggunda"> /u/biggunda </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/potjv9/my_father_is_cuban_and_my_mother_is_from_iceland/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/potjv9/my_father_is_cuban_and_my_mother_is_from_iceland/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>Favorite Norm MacDonald joke I heard live</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
PREFACE: Several years ago Norm was doing standup in Vegas. it was at the South Point casino, a little ways off the strip. At the same time there was a rodeo going on as well. Forget the name of the rodeo but it was advertised as being LGBT friendly. So thus it was known as the “gay rodeo”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
JOKE (think of Norm’s voice): “So uh, I decided to go the rodeo going on next door. Last night was the bull riding competition. You know, those things are huge and mean. I watched as one of those cowboys tried to ride the bull, but got thrown off after a couple seconds. Then while the cowboy was on the ground the bull walked over and started fucking him.” Norm pauses while keeping a straight face. “I assumed it was the cowboys who were gay”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/ChrisBermansWallet"> /u/ChrisBermansWallet </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/pou1n7/favorite_norm_macdonald_joke_i_heard_live/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/pou1n7/favorite_norm_macdonald_joke_i_heard_live/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>In another 3029 years, there’s a chance that things will either be really good or really bad.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
It’s 5050
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/AdamThere"> /u/AdamThere </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/pp1ah3/in_another_3029_years_theres_a_chance_that_things/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/pp1ah3/in_another_3029_years_theres_a_chance_that_things/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
<script>AOS.init();</script></body></html>

4
index.html
View File

File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long