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<title>22 October, 2022</title>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Psychological Distress and Perceived Discrimination Among Chinese International Students One Year into COVID-19: A Preregistered Comparative Study</strong> -
<div>
Background and Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, Chinese international students (CISs) experienced increased distress associated with a combination of unique and universal stressors, among which discrimination against Chinese is especially harmful. Therefore, studying correlates of distress among CISs, including the association between discrimination and distress and factors intensifying or attenuating this link, may yield important insights into prevention and intervention efforts. Design: We adopted a cross-sectional self-report design. Methods: Our study compared depression and anxiety between CISs (N = 381) and Chinese students in Chinese colleges (CSCCs; N = 306) and examined correlates of distress including the association between discrimination and distress as well as moderators on this link within CISs. Results: Compared to CSCCs, CISs reported greater depression and anxiety. Depression was associated with being female, older, non-heterosexual, increased discrimination, decreased self- esteem, coping flexibility, perceived social support, and satisfaction with online learning. Anxiety was associated with being female, heterosexual, in undergraduate years, increased discrimination, decreased self-esteem, subjective socioeconomic status, coping flexibility, and satisfaction with online learning. High perceived social support and being heterosexual weakened the association between discrimination and distress (anxiety and depression). Conclusions: Our study underscored the impact of the pandemic and related discrimination on CISs and highlighted individual differences that may warrant attention.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/mtk7w/" target="_blank">Psychological Distress and Perceived Discrimination Among Chinese International Students One Year into COVID-19: A Preregistered Comparative Study</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Diversity, composition, and networking of saliva microbiota distinguish the severity of COVID-19 episodes as revealed by an analysis of 16S rRNA variable V1-V3 regions sequences</strong> -
<div>
Background: Studies on the role of the oral microbiome in SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity of the disease are limited. We aimed to characterize the bacterial communities present in the saliva of patients with varied COVID-19 severity to learn if there are differences in the characteristics of the microbiome among the clinical groups. Methods: We included asymptomatic subjects with no previous COVID-19 infection or vaccination; patients with mild respiratory symptoms, positive or negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection; patients that required hospitalization because of severe COVID-19 with oxygen saturation below 92%, and fatal cases of COVID-19. Saliva samples collected before any treatment were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR. Oral microbiota in saliva was studied by amplification and sequencing of the V1-V3 variable regions of 16S gene using a Illumina MiSeq platform. Results: We found significant changes in diversity, composition, and networking in saliva microbiota of patients with COVID-19, as well as patterns associated with severity of disease. The presence or abundance of several commensal species and opportunistic pathogens were associated with each clinical stage. Patterns of networking were also found associated with severity of disease: a highly regulated bacterial community (normonetting) was found in healthy people whereas poorly regulated populations (disnetting) were characteristic of severe cases. Conclusions: Characterization of microbiota in saliva may offer important clues in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and may also identify potential markers for prognosis in the severity of the disease.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.20.513136v1" target="_blank">Diversity, composition, and networking of saliva microbiota distinguish the severity of COVID-19 episodes as revealed by an analysis of 16S rRNA variable V1-V3 regions sequences</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 nsp3-4 suffice to form a pore shaping replication organelles</strong> -
<div>
Coronavirus replication is associated with the remodeling of cellular membranes resulting in the formation of double-membrane vesicles (DMVs). Recently, a pore spanning DMV was identified as a putative portal for viral RNA transcription and replication products providing a novel target for antiviral intervention. However, the exact components and the structure of the SARS-CoV-2 pore remain to be determined. Here, we investigate the structure of DMV pores by in situ cryo-electron tomography combined with subtomogram averaging. We reveal non-structural proteins (nsp) 3 and 4 as minimal components forming a DMV spanning pore and show that nsp3 Ubl1-Ubl2 domains are critical for inducing membrane curvature and DMV formation. Altogether, SARS-CoV-2 nsp3-4 has a dual role by driving the biogenesis of replication organelles and forming DMV-spanning replicopores.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.21.513196v1" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 nsp3-4 suffice to form a pore shaping replication organelles</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>A systems approach evaluating the impact of SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern mutations on CD8+ T cell responses</strong> -
<div>
T cell recognition of SARS-CoV-2 antigens after vaccination and/or natural infection has played a central role in resolving SARS-CoV-2 infections and generating adaptive immune memory. However, the clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses is variable and the mechanisms underlying T cell interaction with target antigens are not fully understood. This is especially true given the virus rapid evolution, which leads to new variants with immune escape capacity. In this study, we used the Omicron variant as a model organism and took a systems approach to evaluate the impact of mutations on CD8+ T cell immunogenicity. We computed an immunogenicity potential score for each SARS-CoV-2 peptide antigen from the ancestral strain and Omicron, capturing both antigen presentation and T cell recognition probabilities. By comparing ancestral vs. Omicron immunogenicity scores, we reveal a divergent and heterogeneous landscape of impact for CD8+ T cell recognition of mutated targets in Omicron variants. While T cell recognition of Omicron peptides is broadly preserved, we observed mutated peptides with deteriorated immunogenicity that may assist breakthrough infection in some individuals. We then combined our scoring scheme with an in-silico mutagenesis, to characterise the position- and residue-specific theoretical mutational impact on immunogenicity. While we predict many escape trajectories from the theoretical landscape of substitutions, our study suggests that Omicron mutations in T cell epitopes did not develop under cell-mediated pressure. Our study provides a generalisable platform for fostering a deeper understanding of existing and novel variant impact on antigen-specific vaccine- and/or infection-induced T cell immunity.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.21.513200v1" target="_blank">A systems approach evaluating the impact of SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern mutations on CD8+ T cell responses</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>RandomRibo: A Novel Tool for Transcript-Level Translation Elongation Velocity Determinant Identification at Single Codon Resolution</strong> -
<div>
Cells have evolved the process of translational regulation to rapidly fine-tune protein expression to suit intracellular needs. Ribosome velocity during translation elongation is a key contributor to typical protein expression, as abnormal regulation of it can give rise to disease states. Ribosomes travel along mRNA transcripts with varying speeds, with regions of high movement to increase efficiency as well as pause site regions to allow for processes such as co-translational folding. Having a comprehensive understanding of why ribosomal movement undergoes such positional fluctuation gives researchers critical, molecular-level insight into disease states. However, previous methods cannot offer precise information at the single transcript level due to the high amounts of noise present in Ribo-seq data and simple measures of determinants, rendering them unable to analyze a variety of disease states affecting the translation of specific genes. In this study, I present the software RandomRibo, the first computational tool to identify translation velocity determinants for individual transcripts by incorporating (1) Bayesian wavelet thresholding with double exponential priors to denoise ribosome profiling data, (2) nascent chain alpha helix propensity and electrostatic force algorithms to better model interactions with the ribosome exit tunnel, and (3) Random Forest Regression models to capture the non-linear relationships between translation velocity and its determinants. I demonstrate RandomRibo’s capabilities by applying its algorithms to different cell lines and cellular states to corroborate previous observations and establish novel hypotheses regarding the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Nonstructural protein 1 (Nsp1).
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/ey63f/" target="_blank">RandomRibo: A Novel Tool for Transcript-Level Translation Elongation Velocity Determinant Identification at Single Codon Resolution</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 in people with and without neurologic symptoms of long COVID</strong> -
<div>
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Many people experiencing long COVID syndrome, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), suffer from debilitating neurologic symptoms (Neuro-PASC). However, whether virus-specific adaptive immunity is affected in Neuro-PASC patients remains poorly understood. We report that Neuro-PASC patients exhibit distinct immunological signatures composed of elevated humoral and cellular responses toward SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein at an average of 6 months post-infection compared to healthy COVID convalescents. Neuro-PASC patients also had enhanced virus-specific production of IL-6 from and diminished activation of CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, the severity of cognitive deficits or quality of life disturbances in Neuro-PASC patients were associated with a reduced diversity of effector molecule expression in T cells but elevated IFN-γ production to the C-terminal domain of Nucleocapsid protein. Proteomics analysis showed enhanced plasma immunoregulatory proteins and reduced pro-inflammatory and antiviral response proteins in Neuro-PASC patients compared with healthy COVID convalescents, which were also correlated with worse neurocognitive dysfunction. These data provide new insight into the pathogenesis of long COVID syndrome and a framework for the rational design of predictive biomarkers and therapeutic interventions. Keywords: COVID-19 immunity, T cell memory, Neuro-PASC, long COVID, immunoregulation, proteomics
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.08.21261763v4" target="_blank">T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 in people with and without neurologic symptoms of long COVID</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Global landscape of the host response to SARS-CoV-2 variants reveals viral evolutionary trajectories</strong> -
<div>
A series of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) have evolved in humans during the COVID-19 pandemic: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron. Here, we used global proteomic and genomic analyses during infection to understand the molecular responses driving VOC evolution. We discovered VOC-specific differences in viral RNA and protein expression levels, including for N, Orf6, and Orf9b, and pinpointed several viral mutations responsible. An analysis of the host response to VOC infection and comprehensive interrogation of altered virus-host protein-protein interactions revealed conserved and divergent regulation of biological pathways. For example, regulation of host translation was highly conserved, consistent with suppression of VOC replication in mice using the translation inhibitor plitidepsin. Conversely, modulation of the host inflammatory response was most divergent, where we found Alpha and Beta, but not Omicron BA.1, antagonized interferon stimulated genes (ISGs), a phenotype that correlated with differing levels of Orf6. Additionally, Delta more strongly upregulated proinflammatory genes compared to other VOCs. Systematic comparison of Omicron subvariants revealed BA.5 to have evolved enhanced ISG and proinflammatory gene suppression that similarly correlated with Orf6 expression, effects not seen in BA.4 due to a mutation that disrupts the Orf6-nuclear pore interaction. Our findings describe how VOCs have evolved to fine-tune viral protein expression and protein-protein interactions to evade both innate and adaptive immune responses, offering a likely explanation for increased transmission in humans.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.19.512927v1" target="_blank">Global landscape of the host response to SARS-CoV-2 variants reveals viral evolutionary trajectories</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Impact of COVID-19 related social isolation on behavioral outcomes in young adults.</strong> -
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Social isolation strongly affects our emotions and behavior. Worldwide, individuals experienced prolonged periods of isolation during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic when authorities imposed restrictions to reduce the spread of the virus. In this study, we investigated the effects of social isolation on emotional and behavioral outcomes in young adults from Lombardy, Italy, a global hotspot of COVID-19. We leverage baseline (pre-social isolation) and follow-up (mid-or post isolation) data collected from young adults enrolled in the ongoing, longitudinal PHIME study. At baseline, 167 participants completed the ASEBA questionnaires (ASR/YSR) by weblink or in person; 65 completed the ASR between 12-18 weeks after the onset of restrictions. Using the sign test and multiple linear regression models, we examined differences in ASR scores between baseline and follow-up adjusting for sex, age, pre-pandemic IQ (Kaufman Brief Intelligence Tests; K-BIT 2), and time with social restrictions (weeks). Further, we examined interactions between sex and time in social isolation. Participants completed the ASR after spending an average of 14 weeks in social isolation (range 12-18 weeks). Thought Problems increased between baseline and follow-up (median difference 1.0; 1st., 3rd quartile: -1.0, 4.0; p=0.049). Among males, a longer time with social isolation (≥ 14 weeks) was associated with increased rule-breaking behaviors of 2.8 points. These results suggest the social isolation related to COVID-19 adversely impacted mental health. In particular, males seem to externalize their condition. These findings might help future interventions and treatment to minimize the consequences of social isolation experience in young adults.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.20.22280791v1" target="_blank">Impact of COVID-19 related social isolation on behavioral outcomes in young adults.</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines at Preventing Emergency Department or Urgent Care Encounters and Hospitalizations Among Immunocompromised Adults: An Observational Study of Real-World Data Across 10 US States from August-December 2021</strong> -
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Background: Immunocompromised (IC) persons are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes and are less protected by 1-2 COVID-19 vaccine doses than are immunocompetent (non-IC) persons. We compared vaccine effectiveness (VE) against medically attended COVID-19 of 2-3 mRNA and 1-2 viral-vector vaccine doses between IC and non-IC adults. Methods: Using a test-negative design among eight VISION Network sites, VE against laboratory-confirmed COVID-19-associated emergency department (ED) or urgent care (UC) events and hospitalizations from 26 August-25 December 2021 was estimated separately among IC and non-IC adults and among specific IC condition subgroups. Vaccination status was defined using number and timing of doses. VE for each status (versus unvaccinated) was adjusted for age, geography, time, prior positive test result, and local SARS-CoV-2 circulation. Results: We analyzed 8,848 ED/UC events and 18,843 hospitalizations among IC patients and 200,071 ED/UC events and 70,882 hospitalizations among non-IC patients. Among IC patients, 3-dose mRNA VE against ED/UC (73% [95% CI: 64-80]) and hospitalization (81% [95% CI: 76-86]) was lower than that among non-IC patients (ED/UC: 94% [95% CI: 93-94]; hospitalization: 96% [95% CI: 95-97]). Similar patterns were observed for viral-vector vaccines. Transplant recipients had lower VE than other IC subgroups. Conclusions: During B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant predominance, IC adults received moderate protection against COVID-19-associated medical events from three mRNA doses, or one viral-vector dose plus a second dose of any product. However, protection was lower in IC versus non-IC patients, especially among transplant recipients, underscoring the need for additional protection among IC adults.
</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.20.22281327v1" target="_blank">Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines at Preventing Emergency Department or Urgent Care Encounters and Hospitalizations Among Immunocompromised Adults: An Observational Study of Real-World Data Across 10 US States from August-December 2021</a>
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<li><strong>Pandemic-Related Changes in the Prevalence of Early Adolescent Alcohol and Drug Use, 2020-2021: Data from a Multisite Cohort Study</strong> -
<div>
Purpose: Evaluate changes in early adolescent substance use from May 2020 to May 2021 during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic using data from a prospective nationwide cohort: the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study. Method: 9,270 youth ages 11.5-13.0 years old completed a pre-pandemic assessment of past- month alcohol and drug use in 2018-2019, then up to seven during-pandemic assessments between May 2020 and May 2021. We compared the prevalence of substance use among same- age youth across these eight timepoints. Results: Pandemic-related decreases in the prevalence of alcohol use were detectable in May 2020, grew larger over time, and remained substantial in May 2021 (0.3% vs. 3.2% pre- pandemic, p&lt;.001). Pandemic-related increases in inhalant use and prescription drug misuse were detectable in May 2020, shrunk over time, and were smaller but still detectable in May 2021 (0.2% vs. 0% pre-pandemic, p&lt;.001). Pandemic-related increases in nicotine use were detectable between May 2020 and March 2021 and no longer significantly different from pre- pandemic levels in May 2021 (0.5% vs. 0.2% pre-pandemic, p=.09). There was significant heterogeneity in pandemic-related change in substance use at some timepoints, with increased rates among youth identified as Black or Hispanic or in lower-income families versus stable or decreased rates among youth identified as White or in higher-income families. Conclusions: Among youth ages 11.5-13.0 years old, rates of alcohol use remained dramatically reduced in May 2021 relative to pre-pandemic and rates of prescription drug misuse and inhalant use remained modestly increased. Differences remained despite partial restoration of pre- pandemic life, raising questions about whether youth who spent early adolescence under pandemic conditions may exhibit persistently different patterns of substance use.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/jhma5/" target="_blank">Pandemic-Related Changes in the Prevalence of Early Adolescent Alcohol and Drug Use, 2020-2021: Data from a Multisite Cohort Study</a>
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<li><strong>Evidence of a Sjogrens disease-like phenotype following COVID-19</strong> -
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Objectives: Sjogrens Disease (SjD) is a chronic and systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and the development of dry eyes and dry mouth resulting from the secretory dysfunction of the exocrine glands. SARS-CoV-2 may trigger the development or progression of autoimmune diseases, as evidenced by increased autoantibodies in patients and the presentation of cardinal symptoms of SjD. The objective of the study was to determine whether SARS-CoV-2 induces the signature clinical symptoms of SjD. Methods: The ACE2-transgenic mice were infected with SARS-CoV-2. SJD profiling was conducted. COVID-19 patient sera were examined for autoantibodies. Clinical evaluations of convalescent COVID-19 subjects, including minor salivary gland (MSG) biopsies, were collected. Lastly, monoclonal antibodies generated from single B cells of patients were interrogated for ACE2/spike inhibition and nuclear antigens. Results: Mice infected with the virus showed a decreased saliva flow rate, elevated antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) with anti-SSB/La, and lymphocyte infiltration in the lacrimal and salivary glands. Sera of COVID-19 patients showed an increase in ANA, anti-SSA/Ro52, and anti-SSB/La. The male patients showed elevated levels of anti-SSA/Ro52 compared to female patients, and female patients had more diverse ANA patterns. Minor salivary gland biopsies of convalescent COVID-19 subjects showed focal lymphocytic infiltrates in four of six subjects, and 2 of 6 subjects had focus scores &gt;2. Lastly, we found monoclonal antibodies produced in recovered patients can both block ACE2/spike interaction and recognize nuclear antigens. Conclusion: Overall, our study shows a direct association between SARS-CoV-2 and SjD. Hallmark features of SjD salivary glands were histologically indistinguishable from convalescent COVID-19 subjects. The results potentially implicate that SARS-CoV-2 could be an environmental trigger for SjD.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.20.22281265v1" target="_blank">Evidence of a Sjogrens disease-like phenotype following COVID-19</a>
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<li><strong>Efficacy of Linear Regression Modelling of SARS-CoV-2 cases based on local wastewater surveillance</strong> -
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In the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there is a need for new strategies for surveillance and identification of arising infection waves. Reported cases of new infections based on individual testing are soon deemed inaccurate due to ever changing regulations and limited testing capacity. Wastewater based epidemiology is one promising solution that can be broadly applied with low efforts in comparison to current large-scale testing of individuals. Here, we are combining local wastewater data from the city of Dresden (Germany) along with reported cases and vaccination data from a central database (Robert-Koch-Institute) with virus variant information to investigate the correlation of virus concentrations in the wastewater and reported SARS-CoV-2 cases. In particular, we compared Linear Regression and Machine Learning (ML) models, which are both revealing an existing correlation of virus particles in wastewater and reported cases. Our findings demonstrate that the different virus variants of concern (Alpha, Delta, BA.1, and BA.2) contribute differently over time and parameters vary between variants, as well. By comparing the Linear Regression and ML-based models, we observed that ML can achieve a good fit for training data, but Linear Regression is a more robust tool, especially for new virus variants. We hereby conclude that deriving the rate of new infections from local wastewater by applying Linear Regression may be a robust approximation of tracing the state of the pandemic for practitioners and policy makers alike.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.20.22281303v1" target="_blank">Efficacy of Linear Regression Modelling of SARS-CoV-2 cases based on local wastewater surveillance</a>
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<li><strong>Socioeconomic inequalities of Long COVID: findings from a population-based survey in the United Kingdom</strong> -
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Objective To estimate the risk of Long COVID by socioeconomic deprivation and to further examine the socioeconomic inequalities in Long COVID by sex and occupational groups. Design We analysed data from the COVID-19 Infection Survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics between 26/04/2020 and 31/01/2022. This is the largest and nationally representative survey of COVID-19 in the UK and provides uniquely rich, contemporaneous, and longitudinal data on occupation, health status, COVID-19 exposure, and Long COVID symptoms. Setting Community-based longitudinal survey of COVID-19 in the UK. Participants We included 201,799 participants in our analysis who were aged between 16 and 64 years and had a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Main outcome measures We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate the risk of Long COVID at least 4 weeks after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection by deciles of index of multiple deprivation (IMD) and adjusted for a range of demographic and spatiotemporal factors. We further examined the modifying effects of socioeconomic deprivation by sex and occupational groups. Results A total of 19,315 (9.6%) participants reported having Long COVID symptoms. Compared to the least deprived IMD decile, participants in the most deprived decile had a higher adjusted risk of Long COVID (11.4% vs 8.2%; adjusted OR: 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.33, 1.57). There were particularly significantly higher inequalities (most vs least deprived decile) of Long COVID in healthcare and patient facing roles (aOR: 1.76; 1.27, 2.44), and in the education sector (aOR: 1.62; 1.26, 2.08). The inequality of Long COVID was higher in females (aOR: 1.54; 1.38, 1.71) than males (OR: 1.32; 1.15, 1.51). Conclusions Participants living in the most socioeconomically deprived areas had a higher risk of Long COVID. The inequality gap was wider in females and certain public facing occupations (e.g., healthcare and education). These findings will help inform public health policies and interventions in adopting a social justice and health inequality lens.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.19.22281254v1" target="_blank">Socioeconomic inequalities of Long COVID: findings from a population-based survey in the United Kingdom</a>
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<li><strong>Safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and risk factors for hospitalisation caused by the omicron variant in 0.8 million adolescents: A nationwide cohort study in Sweden</strong> -
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Background Real-world evidence on the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination against severe disease caused by the omicron variant among adolescents is sparse. In addition, evidence on risk factors for severe COVID-19 disease, and whether vaccination is similarly effective in such risk groups, is unclear. Methods and findings Nationwide registers were used to examine the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination against COVID-19 hospitalisation, and risk factors for COVID-19 hospitalisation in adolescents. The safety analysis included all individuals in Sweden born between 2003-2009 (aged 11.3-19.2 years) given at least one dose of mRNA vaccine (N=645,355), and never vaccinated controls (N=199,022). Outcomes evaluated included all hospitalisations until 5 June 2022. The vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19 hospitalisation and associated risk factors was evaluated in adolescents given two doses of mRNA vaccine (N=501,945), as compared to never vaccinated controls (N=170,083), during an omicron predominant period (1 January 2022 to 5 June 2022). The safety analysis showed that COVID-19 mRNA vaccination was not associated with an increased risk of any serious adverse events resulting in hospitalisation. During follow-up, 1.69% of the vaccinated individuals were hospitalised compared to 1.71% of the controls (P=0.29). In the VE analysis, there were 21 cases (0.004%) of COVID-19 hospitalisation among 2-dose recipients and 26 cases (0.015%) among controls, resulting in an estimated VE of 75% (95% CI, 54-86, P&lt;0.001). Strong risk factors for COVID-19 hospitalisation included previous infections (odds ratio [OR], 14.3, 95% CI, 7.7-26.6, P&lt;0.001), and cerebral palsy/development disorders (OR, 12.0, 95% CI, 6.4-22.6, P&lt;0.001), with similar estimates of VE in these subgroups as in the total cohort. The number needed to vaccinate with two doses to prevent one case of COVID-19 hospitalisation was 9,007 in the total cohort and 1,031 in those with previous infections or developmental disorders. None of the individuals hospitalised due to COVID-19 died within 30 days. Conclusions In this nationwide study, COVID-19 mRNA vaccination was not associated with an increased risk of any serious adverse event in adolescents. Two doses were associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 hospitalisation during the omicron predominant period, especially among those with certain predisposing conditions who should be prioritized for vaccination. However, COVID-19 hospitalisation among general adolescents was extremely rare, and additional doses in this population may not be warranted at this stage.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.19.22281286v1" target="_blank">Safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and risk factors for hospitalisation caused by the omicron variant in 0.8 million adolescents: A nationwide cohort study in Sweden</a>
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<li><strong>Uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among healthcare workers within primary healthcare facilities, Entebbe municipality Uganda</strong> -
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Background: Routine vaccination is an essential highly successfully public health intervention in the prevention of infectious diseases that greatly depends on high coverage, and health care workers (HCWs) who play a pivotal role in ensuring the high uptake of vaccines in the population. COVID-19 vaccines have been proven efficacious, and vaccination campaigns have been ongoing, however, there is a perceived high vaccine hesitancy among health care workers in Uganda. This study describes  the level and determinants of uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among HCWs in Entebbe municipality, Uganda. Materials and methods: We conducted a health facility based cross-sectional study among HCWs from private and government health facilities in Entebbe municipality between July 2021 and August 2021. Structured questionnaires were used, and data were analysed using Stata version 12. We defined uptake as having received at least the first doze of COVID 19 vaccine or completed the two dozes. Results: The level of vaccine uptake was 65.6%with higher uptake among males than females. HCWs aged 30-39 years were 2.7 times more likely to have been vaccinated than those less than 30 years (OR 2.72, 95% CI: 1.26-5.88, P-value &lt;0.01), and the odds of having been vaccinated were 4 times higher among health workers above 40 years (OR 4.29, 95% CI 1.50-12.24, P-value &lt; 0.01).  Additionally, the odds of having been vaccinated were 4 times higher among health care workers that participated in COVID-19 vaccine related activities (OR 4.18, 95% CI 2.16-8.10, p-value &lt;0.001). Healthcare workers (98%) had confidence in the vaccines although 45% of those that were not vaccinated felt that the vaccines were ineffective. Conclusion. Vaccine uptake among HCWs was relatively high compared to the WHO recommended uptake of 70% by mid-2022, although some HCWs were still hesitant. The convenience of vaccination services was an important factor in vaccine uptake. Hence, governments should endeavour to improve access to vaccination both for HCWs and the public.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.20.22281300v1" target="_blank">Uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among healthcare workers within primary healthcare facilities, Entebbe municipality Uganda</a>
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</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Recombinant Omicron-Delta COVID-19 Vaccine (CHO Cell)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: Recombinant Omicron-Delta COVID-19 Vaccine (CHO Cell);   Biological: Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (Vero Cell)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biologic Pharmacy Co., Ltd.;   First Affiliated Hospital Bengbu Medical College<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Phase III Study to Evaluate Immunogenicity and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccine EuCorVac-19 in Healthy Adults</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: EuCorVac-19;   Biological: ChAdOx1<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   EuBiologics Co.,Ltd<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Testing and Vaccine Literacy for Women With Criminal Legal System Involvement</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19 Pandemic<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: Tri-City COVID Attitudes Study<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University of Kansas Medical Center<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>JT001 (VV116) for the Treatment of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Mild to Moderate COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: JT001;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Shanghai Vinnerna Biosciences Co., Ltd.;   Sponsor GmbH<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Boost Intentions and Facilitate Action to Promote Covid-19 Booster Take-up</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19;   Vaccines<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Behavioral: Eligibility reminder;   Behavioral: Link to a narrow set of vaccine venues;   Behavioral: Link to a broad set of vaccine venues;   Behavioral: Doctors’ recommendation and value of vaccine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University of California, Los Angeles<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effects of Prompt to Bundle Covid-19 Booster and Flu Shot</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19;   Vaccines<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Behavioral: Reminder to boost protection against COVID-19;   Behavioral: Flu Tag Along;   Behavioral: COVID-19 Booster &amp; Flu Bundle<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University of California, Los Angeles<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Information Provision and Consistency Framing to Increase COVID-19 Booster Uptake</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19;   Vaccines<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Behavioral: Reminder that facilitates action;   Behavioral: Consistency framing;   Behavioral: Information provision about the uniqueness of the bivalent booster;   Behavioral: Information provision about bivalent booster eligibility;   Behavioral: Information provision about the severity of COVID-19 symptoms<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University of California, Los Angeles<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Respiratory Muscles After Inspiratory Muscle Training After COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19;   Diaphragm Injury<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Device: Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   RWTH Aachen University;   Philipps University Marburg Medical Center<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Simulation Education on Nursing Students</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19 Pandemic;   Simulation of Physical Illness<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Behavioral: Simulation training;   Other: Control Group<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Mehmet Akif Ersoy University<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>OPtimisation of Antiviral Therapy in Immunocompromised COVID-19 Patients: a Randomized Factorial Controlled Strategy Trial</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19;   Immunodeficiency<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Paxlovid 5 days;   Drug: Paxlovid 10 days;   Drug: Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases;   University Hospital, Geneva<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 MP Biomedicals SARS-CoV-2 Ag OTC: Clinical Evaluation</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   SARS-CoV2 Infection;   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Device: iCura COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Home Test;   Device: RT-PCR Test<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   MP Biomedicals, LLC;   EDP Biotech<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 MP Biomedicals Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test Usability</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Sars-CoV-2 Infection;   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Device: Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   MP Biomedicals, LLC;   EDP Biotech<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Preliminary Exploratory Study to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of Omicron Variant Bivalent Vaccine V-01-B5</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19 Pandemic<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: V-01/V-01-B5;   Biological: V-01-351/V-01-B5;   Biological: V-01<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Livzon Pharmaceutical Group Inc.<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Exploratory Clinical Study to Evaluation of the Safety and Immunogenicity of Bivalent Vaccine V-01D-351</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19 Pandemic<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: V-01D-351;   Biological: CoronaVac<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Livzon Pharmaceutical Group Inc.<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety and Immunogenicity of AdCLD-CoV19-1 OMI as a Booster: A SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Preventive Vaccine</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19;   Vaccines<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: AdCLD-CoV19-1 OMI (Part A);   Biological: AdCLD-CoV19-1 OMI (Part B);   Other: Placebo (Part B)<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Cellid Co., Ltd.<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Therapeutic use of calpeptin in COVID-19 infection</strong> - This perspective considers the benefits of the potential future use of the cell permeant calpain inhibitor, calpeptin, as a drug to treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Recent work has reported calpeptin’s capacity to inhibit entry of the virus into cells. Elsewhere, several drugs, including calpeptin, were found to be able to inhibit extracellular vesicle (EV) biogenesis. Unsurprisingly, because of similarities between viral and EV release mechanisms,…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Human ZBP1 induces cell death-independent inflammatory signaling via RIPK3 and RIPK1</strong> - ZBP1 is an interferon-induced cytosolic nucleic acid sensor that facilitates antiviral responses via RIPK3. Although ZBP1-mediated programmed cell death is widely described, whether and how it promotes inflammatory signaling is unclear. Here, we report a ZBP1-induced inflammatory signaling pathway mediated by K63- and M1-linked ubiquitin chains, which depends on RIPK1 and RIPK3 as scaffolds independently of cell death. In human HT29 cells, ZBP1 associated with RIPK1 and RIPK3 as well as…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Post COVID-19 neuropsychiatric complications and therapeutic role for TNF-α inhibitors: a case series study</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this report is the first case series study that suggests TNF inhibitors in the treatment of post-COVID-19 syndrome, especially neuropsychological complications. However, future studies should evaluate the best therapeutic options for this syndrome.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Gossypol Broadly Inhibits Coronaviruses by Targeting RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases</strong> - Outbreaks of coronaviruses (CoVs), especially severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have posed serious threats to humans and animals, which urgently calls for effective broad-spectrum antivirals. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) plays an essential role in viral RNA synthesis and is an ideal pan-coronaviral therapeutic target. Herein, based on cryo-electron microscopy and biochemical approaches, gossypol (GOS) is identified from 881 natural products to directly block…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antiviral activity and mechanism of the antifungal drug, anidulafungin, suggesting its potential to promote treatment of viral diseases</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated that the antifungal drug, anidulafungin, could effectively inhibit virus infection by interfering with virus entry, suggesting it may be utilized for the clinical treatment of infectious viral diseases, in addition to its FDA-approved use as an antifungal. The findings also suggested to further evaluate the anti-viral effects of echinocandins and their clinical importance for patients with infection of viruses, which may promote therapeutic strategies as…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Potent inhibition of diverse Omicron sublineages by SARS-CoV-2 fusion-inhibitory lipopeptides</strong> - The emergence and rapid spreading of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) have posed a great challenge to the efficacy of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies, calling for antivirals that can overcome viral evasion. We recently reported that SARS-CoV-2 fusion-inhibitory lipopeptides, IPB02V3 and IPB24, possessed the potent activities against divergent VOCs, including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and the initial Omicron strain (B.1.1.529); however, multiple Omicron sublineages have emerged and…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Selenium and COVID-19: A spotlight on the clinical trials, inventive compositions, and patent literature</strong> - Selenium is an indispensable trace element for all living organisms. It is an essential structural component of several selenium-dependent enzymes, which support the human body’s defense mechanism. Recently, the significance of selenium in preventing/treating COVID-19 has been documented in the literature. This review highlights the clinical studies, compositions, and patent literature on selenium to prevent/treat COVID-19. Selenium exerts its anti-COVID-19 action by reducing oxidative stress,…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Rapalogs downmodulate intrinsic immunity and promote cell entry of SARS-CoV-2</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised individuals is associated with prolonged virus shedding and evolution of viral variants. Rapamycin and its analogs (rapalogs, including everolimus, temsirolimus, and ridaforolimus) are FDA-approved as mTOR inhibitors for the treatment of human diseases, including cancer and autoimmunity. Rapalog use is commonly associated with increased susceptibility to infection, which has been traditionally explained by impaired adaptive immunity. Here, we show that…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Combined Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir Treatment Improves the Inhibitory Effect on SARS-CoV-2 in Rhesus Macaques</strong> - The periodic emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) with unpredictable clinical severity and ability to escape preexisting immunity emphasizes the continued need for antiviral interventions. Two small molecule inhibitors, molnupiravir (MK-4482), a nucleoside analog, and nirmatrelvir (PF-07321332), a 3C-like protease inhibitor, have each recently been approved as monotherapy for use in high risk COVID-19 patients. As preclinical data are only available for rodent and ferret models, we…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of endogenous and therapeutic 25-hydroxycholesterols in murine models of pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 infection</strong> - Oxysterols (i.e., oxidized cholesterol species) have complex roles in biology. 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), a product of activity of cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (CH25H) upon cholesterol, has recently been shown to be broadly antiviral, suggesting therapeutic potential against SARS-CoV-2. However, 25HC can also amplify inflammation and tissue injury and be converted by CYP7B1 to 7α,25HC, a lipid with chemoattractant activity via the G protein-coupled receptor, EBI2/GPR183. Here, using in vitro…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A systematic literature review informing the consensus statement on efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatment with interleukin-6 pathway inhibition with biological DMARDs in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases</strong> - CONCLUSION: IL-6 inhibition is effective for treatment of several inflammatory diseases with a safety profile that is widely comparable to other bDMARDs.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pulmonary drug delivery: an effective and convenient delivery route to combat COVID-19</strong> - The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China has spread rapidly around the world, leading to a widespread and urgent effort to develop and use comprehensive approaches in the treatment of COVID-19. While oral therapy is accepted as an effective and simple method, since the primary site of infection and disease progression of COVID-19 is mainly through the lungs, inhaled drug delivery directly to the lungs may be the most appropriate route of administration. To…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Kidney Transplant Recipients-Stratified Analysis of the Humoral Immune Response</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: Apart from immunosuppressive therapy, the humoral vaccination response is largely affected by nonmodifiable factors in kidney transplant recipients. With the currently leading and clinically easier Omicron variant, this puts into perspective the strategy to significantly enhance the protective efficacy of the available vaccines by reducing or temporarily stopping proliferation inhibitors, not least considering the inherent rejection risk with a possible deterioration of graft…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Microbiome analysis revealing microbial interactions and secondary bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients co-morbidly affected by type 2 diabetes</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: The dysbiosis of the bacterial community might be linked with severe consequences of COVID-19 infected diabetic patients, although few probiotic strains inhibited numerous pathogens in the same pathological niches. This study suggested that the promotion of normal-flora and probiotics through dietary supplementation and excessive inflammation reduction by preventing secondary infections might lead to a better outcome for those co-morbid patients. This article is protected by…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>DNA damage contributes to age-associated differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection</strong> - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is known to disproportionately affect older individuals. How aging processes affect SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease progression remains largely unknown. Here, we found that DNA damage, one of the hallmarks of aging, promoted SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro and in vivo. SARS-CoV-2 entry was facilitated by DNA damage caused by extrinsic genotoxic stress or telomere dysfunction and…</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>What Would a Nation of Sports Gamblers Look Like?</strong> - A well-worn maxim in gambling says you should assume everyone is lying to you at all times. This rule also seems to apply to debates about online sports betting. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/what-would-a-nation-of-sports-gamblers-look-like">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Joe Biden’s Walk-and-Chew-Gum Campaign</strong> - The President says the midterms are “the most consequential” elections in recent history, but he’s not acting like he means it. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-bidens-washington/joe-bidens-walk-and-chew-gum-campaign">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>After Liz Truss’s Resignation, Britain Urgently Needs a General Election</strong> - Common sense, basic decency, and the U.K.’s reputation as a healthy democracy demand one. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/after-liz-trusss-resignation-britain-urgently-needs-a-general-election">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Fight for Haiti’s Future</strong> - Prime Minister Ariel Henry has requested outside forces to help deal with humanitarian crises and gangs, but Haitians have little faith in foreign intervention. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-fight-for-haitis-future">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Playwright Suzan-Lori Parks on “Topdog/Underdog,” and a Conversation with Martin McDonagh</strong> - Parks reflects on the revival of her groundbreaking play, and McDonagh talks about his new film, set in Ireland. Plus, an expert on voting machines discusses their real, and imagined, risks. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/podcast/the-new-yorker-radio-hour/the-playwright-suzan-lori-parks-on-topdogunderdog-and-a-conversation-with-martin-mcdonagh">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Going to weddings can be expensive. Here’s how to protect your budget — and energy.</strong> -
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<img alt="Bridesmaids fall around a bride" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/c2qKxhUYR9OQ24SFj--fFtOAdok=/600x0:4200x2700/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/71528996/PaigeVickers_VoxFinal_10_5__1_.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Paige Vickers for Vox
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Do you have to go to a bachelor party? Who pays for a bridesmaid dress? Your wedding guest questions, answered.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yWacV6">
On the first weekend of October, I attended my eighth wedding of the year. Of these eight weddings, one involved an international flight, two took place in-state, and the rest — bar one — required an overnight stay in another city. As my own Instagram became flooded with confetti-drenched couples, bouquets, and champagne flutes, I soon noticed I wasn’t the only person who seemed to be spending every other weekend at a wedding.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="S2ottd">
According to <a href="https://www.theknot.com/content/wedding-data-insights/real-weddings-study#what-s-in-store-for">The Knot</a>, the US is in the middle of a big wedding boom, with data indicating that around 2.6 million weddings were planned for 2022, up from the 2.2 million average of pre-pandemic years. This research also found that 75 percent of couples who got engaged in 2021 set a wedding date for 2022. “What’s happening right now is the impact of Covid,” says <a href="https://www.aisle-talk.com/about">therapist Landis Bejar</a>, founder and director of wedding counseling service <a href="https://www.aisle-talk.com/">AisleTalk</a> in New York City. “Guests have been inundated with all these invitations for weddings that have been postponed, events that were already on the calendar, and for new engagements that happened during the pandemic. We’re really getting bombarded.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="bpvpsN">
What’s tricky about this year in particular is that this boom of weddings and the events that surround them — bridal showers, bachelor and bachelorette weekends, welcome drinks, post-wedding brunches — is that they’re also coming at a point when our time, energy, and money are more precious than ever. “Between inflation and the impact Covid had on our bank accounts, a lot of people are suffering financially,” says Bejar. “It’s not personal and it’s not a secret. There’s a systemic phenomenon happening right now where we can’t say yes to as many things as we want to, either from a financial perspective or because of the logistics of traveling and being in a large group.” Beyond the potential health risks of socializing, many people are finding they don’t have the physical or emotional energy they once did, which means spending multiple days celebrating can be taxing in a number of ways.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MrRTmi">
But what’s a guest to do? Even without the implications of the pandemic and economy, weddings come with their own set of complex emotions and expectations. According to <a href="https://www.elaineswann.com/">Elaine Swann</a>, etiquette expert and founder of <a href="https://swannschool.com/">The Swann School of Protocol</a>, you’re entitled to more autonomy than you likely assumed. “I don’t feel anyone should be obligated to attend something that they just don’t want to go to,” says Swann. “Any time you don’t want to attend something, don’t. That’s it.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FgMjJW">
Thankfully, it’s possible to protect your time and money during a packed wedding season without fracturing any friendships in the process — you just need to tread carefully.
</p>
<h3 id="ym8kwn">
Have some empathy, and put yourself in the couple’s shoes
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uQK9cb">
With the multibillion-dollar wedding industry showing absolutely no signs of slowing down, it’s easy to label many weddings and related events as unnecessarily fussy, over the top, and, in some cases, a little inconsiderate of guests’ time and money. However, when it comes to deciding what you’re comfortable sacrificing to attend an event, Bejar believes it’s important to pause and think about the wedding from the couples’ point of view, before you find yourself feeling resentful over needing to make a hard decision. Weddings, at their heart, are a celebration, a coming together of community, and, for many, a cultural tradition. <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-goods/23379160/wedding-costs-scams-trends-marriage-planners-prices">Doughnut walls</a>, expensive venues, and signature cocktails aside, there are many reasons that these events mean a lot to people, especially in 2022.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OExlXd">
Bejar suggests considering the time period when the couple may not have been able to celebrate as they’d hoped, as these years of frustration and disappointment can influence the weddings people are planning right now. “Couples are focused on making up for their own lost time,” says Bejar. “People don’t know how many other wedding invitations you’ve gotten this year or even in the span of a few months. No couple who has invited you to their wedding has a sense of that or would factor it in when trying to celebrate their love.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Qs0Z87">
While empathy is an important first step to understanding why today’s weddings are the way they are, Bejar says it doesn’t necessarily need to inform your final decision. Rather, it’s a helpful exercise to understand why people might be asking so much of their guests right now.
</p>
<h3 id="LEhIup">
Work out what you can mentally and financially afford
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mFsowx">
When it comes to your personal resources — emotional, physical, and financial — only you can determine what you have to spare. Most of us aren’t in the habit of ranking our friendships by importance, but when deciding whether you can afford to attend a wedding, you will need to assess the value of everything and everyone involved.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wzdjab">
“Like friendship, time and money don’t exist on the same axis,” says Bejar. “When making decisions around weddings it can be helpful to start with the thing that has the least emotion involved, which is usually your budget.” Bejar suggests doing a cost-benefit analysis, wherein you ask yourself about the financial cost of attending the event, followed by the emotional cost of attending or not attending.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wgFEnK">
“It’s important to look at all these factors and ask yourself: Is there any part of this that I can participate in?” she says. “The conversation about not being able to attend a wedding is very different to a conversation about being able to attend a bachelor party.” If you’ve decided that your attendance at an event is non-negotiable, you can then proceed to do things like research budget-friendly accommodations, search for flight sales, and see if you can borrow or rent an outfit instead of buying something new.
</p>
<h3 id="a2nlPn">
Give bridal party invitations the thought and care they deserve
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TPF9dP">
While being invited to any wedding, destination or otherwise, can be an expensive affair, being asked to be part of someone’s bridal party comes with a whole new set of costs and expectations. <a href="https://www.elaineswann.com/">According to Swann</a>, it’s important to find out exactly what the bride and groom expect of their bridal party before accepting. “Oftentimes we get really excited and emotionally involved, and we say yes, even though we don’t know what it entails — and then you find out that you have to take a $5,000 trip to Mexico for a bachelorette party,” she says.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xhi8br">
It’s also helpful to understand what’s traditionally expected of those in a bridal party. For example, according to Swann, bridesmaids can expect to pay for their own dress and shoes, but should have the option to do their own hair and makeup, unless it’s being paid for by the bride. Taking time to think about what you can afford before giving an answer means you won’t end up letting down a close friend by having to opt out of certain obligations in a few months’ time.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jfogJq">
If you’re not in the bridal party but find yourself invited to bachelor and bachelorette events that feel out of your budget, it’s best to bring it up with whoever is organizing the event, rather than the person getting married. Even if you’re not the only person who feels like a plan is getting a little too expensive, Swann warns of speaking up for others, as it can come across as having a mob mentality. Instead, she suggests speaking on behalf of yourself — and your financial situation — and offering concrete solutions that could make the event more affordable, like cooking brunch in your Airbnb instead of going out to eat, or making a dress code more flexible so people feel less obliged to buy something new.
</p>
<h3 id="cMhanR">
Turn down invitations the right way. Here’s how to RSVP.
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="f8ueIM">
The way you RSVP to events can make a big difference to how your decision is received. According to Bejar, the most important thing is giving as much notice as soon as possible. “There are few more irritating things to brides and grooms than having to chase someone down,” she says. “These people are trying to round up head counts so they can get back to vendors, and now it not only feels emotionally difficult that you can’t be there, but you’re also making it a logistical problem.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="320umA">
So, you know you don’t want to go and the time to share the news has arrived. Now what? The best way to RSVP, according to Swann, is to follow the lead of whoever sent the invite. If you’ve been invited to RSVP by mail, do so. Similarly, if you’ve been sent an invitation through a couple’s wedding website, update your attendance there. Bejar also recommends having an in-person conversation with the couple, if you’re close, as tone can easily be misconstrued in text.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FqGsD2">
As for how many details you need to share, that’s going to vary from situation to situation. If you’re passing up the invitation of a casual acquaintance or colleague, both Bejar and Swann believe it’s fine to politely RSVP “no” without an explanation. When it comes to turning down invites because of your budget, Swann suggests considering the situation carefully, as it can place pressure on couples to find a way to make the event more affordable for you, either by covering some of your costs themselves or pulling in favors, like carpool arrangements or accommodation discounts. “If you’re truly just tired or burnt out — or you just don’t want to go — don’t give them a reason to try to fix it. Just simply decline and send well wishes,” says Swann.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OzNvaV">
On the other hand, Bejar believes it can be helpful to be upfront about your finances if you’re speaking to a close friend or family member. “If you keep the fact that your RSVP has to do with finances to yourself, people are left to their own devices to interpret why you’re not coming,” she says. “Vulnerability almost always connects people. It actually often prevents what everyone fears in these conversations: that someone will be mad with you.” The pandemic has also left many couples much more empathetic to people’s unique circumstances. In the same way that friends and family might have once been upset that a couple eloped or had a tiny guest list, most people are now more understanding about declined invitations than they may have been in the past.
</p>
<p class="c-end-para" data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RL8Kbd">
When navigating the minefield that weddings can be, it’s helpful to keep returning to what they mean to couples. “Remember that the most important thing your attendance represents is your support for their union and your recognition that this is a special moment for them,” says Bejar. “When you’re having important conversations like these ones, it’s important to bring it back to the heart of the matter which is: Even if I can’t come to your wedding, I want you to know that it’s a big deal and I’m happy for you.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6F0UX9">
<a href="https://www.vox.com/authors/Gyan-Yankovich"><em>Gyan Yankovich</em></a><em> is a Sydney-based journalist focusing on lifestyle, culture, and friendship.</em>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="bvQaCf">
<a href="http://www.vox.com/even-better"><em>Even Better</em></a><em> is here to offer deeply sourced, actionable advice for helping you live a better life. Do you have a question on money and work; friends, family, and community; or personal growth and health? Send us your question by filling out this </em><a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfiStGSlsWDBmglim7Dh1Y9Hy386rkeKGpfwF6BCjmgnZdqfQ/viewform"><em>form</em></a><em>. We might turn it into a story.</em>
</p></li>
<li><strong>Why fighting inflation will disproportionately hurt Black workers</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="A thin Black man with a grey ’fro peeking out from under his red baseball cap is seen from behind, dragging a dolly laden with wooden pallets down a long aisle full of shrink wrapped boxes." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/PxLNU2H44Qg51j0YRnao3in-QRI=/215x0:3770x2666/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/71528994/GettyImages_1241363505.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
A Black warehouse worker at the Dare to Care Food Bank in Kentucky. | Luke Sharrett/Bloomberg/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The Fed’s rate hikes carry an implicit assumption: Double-digit Black unemployment is worth lower inflation.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="PR0wkn">
The Federal Reserve has already raised interest rates four times this year to try to tame inflation, and more hikes are likely. It’s a tried-and-true method of getting rising prices under control, but it comes at a cost: American jobs, and in particular, Black American jobs.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ke8AsM">
By raising the cost of borrowing money, the Fed is essentially trying to bring consumer demand in line with supply while reducing the power of workers. In Fed parlance, that’s known as “<a href="https://www.federalreserve.gov/mediacenter/files/FOMCpresconf20220921.pdf">softening labor market conditions</a>.” What that amounts to is people losing work.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rFPdmd">
Larry Summers, a former treasury secretary who remains highly influential in the Biden administration, has <a href="https://www.piie.com/sites/default/files/documents/pb22-7.pdf">argued the unemployment rate needs to hit about 5 percent to tame inflation</a>. The overall unemployment rate is currently at <a href="https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/empsit.pdf">3.5 percent</a>. But there is a painful fact that often goes ignored in this conversation: <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/24/business/economy/black-workers-recession.html">A 5 percent unemployment rate almost certainly means double-digit unemployment for Black workers</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QaJFcw">
“The ‘2X problem’ is this persistent, pernicious gap where Black Americans face twice the unemployment as white Americans, no matter what kind of an economy we have, a booming economy or a recession,” Neel Kashkari, president and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, told Vox recently. In September 2022, the Black unemployment rate was<strong> </strong><a href="https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/empsit.pdf">5.8 percent</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LIsyVI">
On <em>Today, Explained, </em>Kashkari spoke with co-host Noel King about the race gap in unemployment, the Fed’s recent focus on the unique challenges facing Black workers, and why, despite all that, he still supports the interest rate hikes.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sYrtwJ">
Below is an excerpt of the conversation, edited for length and clarity. There’s much more in the full podcast, so listen to <em>Today, Explained</em> wherever you get podcasts, including Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, and Stitcher.
</p>
<div id="AMMHa7">
</div>
<h4 id="MdfUEf">
</h4>
<h4 id="XvfyDr">
Noel King<strong> </strong>
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nq1PKC">
A couple years back, Neel, the Fed started talking not just about unemployment in the US, but about Black unemployment in the US, almost like it was a separate thing. … I remember you, as one of the people who started drawing focus to this, started saying this is important to pay attention to. Why did you do that?
</p>
<h4 id="ufVxvB">
Neel Kashkari
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="405GVd">
For the years before the pandemic hit, we kept getting surprised. We thought that the economy was at full or what we call maximum employment. Everybody who wants a job has a job. We were hearing from businesses that they couldn’t find workers. And yet the economy continued to grow. People continued to find jobs, and inflation didn’t materialize.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ua2arp">
That told us, wait a second, there must be more workers out there than we were realizing. And I would go into low-income communities and communities of color and African American communities. And I met many groups that said, hey, we don’t have jobs or we’re stuck in a part-time job. We want more work. So there seemed to be a disconnect. And it seemed as though those average statistics that we look at for the nation were hiding really important pockets of labor and hiding people who wanted to contribute more to our economy. And that matters a lot for the Federal Reserve to understand what our economy’s potential is.
</p>
<h4 id="L05jwc">
Noel King
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8rJIzY">
Can you characterize [why Black unemployment is always twice white unemployment] for me?
</p>
<h4 id="KmyD7X">
Neel Kashkari
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FiZUyr">
The 2X problem is this persistent, pernicious gap where Black Americans face twice the unemployment as white Americans, no matter what kind of an economy we have, a booming economy or a recession. It’s pervasive and pernicious, and we have to address it. I think that by better understanding its root causes, we can make progress in addressing it. It’s been around forever. It’s not going to be closed overnight, but we can do it.
</p>
<h4 id="0f8Dup">
Noel King
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="vQndDG">
Let’s talk about where we are now. It’s very perilous. The Federal Reserve is going to continue raising interest rates. That means Black workers could see double-digit unemployment rates, especially if the United States goes into a recession, which no one wants. You support the Fed’s rate hikes. Why?
</p>
<h4 id="Z6N12b">
Neel Kashkari
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mdMf2D">
I support the hikes because we have to get the economy back into balance. The profound gains that we saw in 2017, ’18, and ’19 were all made possible in the context of an overall stable economy with low and controlled inflation. We went through the rapid pandemic. We went through the shutdown. We’ve got this uneven reopening. We have this massive inflation. Inflation is hitting low-income families the worst because they have the least flexibility to be able to adjust their behavior to change and respond to it.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dZIgYN">
If you’re a higher-income family, maybe you shopped at a premium grocery store and now you shift to a lower-cost grocery store, or maybe you bought premium goods and now you buy the low-cost goods to save money. If you’re the low-income family that was already buying the low-income goods at the low-income grocery store, what do you do? You can’t do anything.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kcNw89">
Inflation right now is damaging and hurting all Americans, but it’s disproportionately hurting the lowest-income Americans. And so the Federal Reserve, we have to do our part to get the economy back into balance.
</p>
<h4 id="aIT7Ut">
Noel King
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="deVah2">
But is it worse to have a smaller paycheck due to inflation? Is that really worse than having no paycheck at all? I mean, we’re talking about people being thrown out of their jobs; we know it’s going to happen.
</p>
<h4 id="T4eNGp">
Neel Kashkari
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sCJlcA">
There’s not an easy answer, but I’ll say it this way. Inflation literally affects everybody. The devastation of unemployment, fortunately and unfortunately, affects a smaller number of people. And it’s easier for the government to target assistance to the smaller number of people than it is to try to support all of the American people who are facing this high inflation.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nynOyJ">
So there’s an issue of numbers, but it’s that’s not an easy story to tell somebody who loses their job, because for them, it’s overwhelming. But let me offer one other perspective. At a recent roundtable I had of labor union leaders in Minnesota, a labor leader who represents low-income service workers made the following statement to me, and I was surprised by it. She said, “Inflation is much worse for our low-income members than is a recession.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BmF36r">
And I said, “I don’t understand that. Explain that to me. How can inflation be worse than recession?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HGd3Iq">
She said, “Because our members know how to deal with the recession. They lose their job. This happens all the time. They rely on family and friends. They help each other get through it because they’re not all losing their jobs at the same time. The difference is with inflation, they all get hit by inflation, and there’s no one to turn to for help.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pIxFIH">
Now, I know I’ve got other friends in the labor movement who have a very different view of this topic. It’s a very complicated topic, and there are no easy answers. But I do know we cannot allow 9 percent inflation to continue in the American economy. That is not going to be good for workers in the long term.
</p>
<h4 id="7xkmmn">
Noel King
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="aG1Xbx">
I wonder if I can kind of push you at the macro level. You gals and guys in the Fed are very smart people. There’s a lot of PhDs in the room at any Fed meeting, I would venture. Two of the 12 Fed presidents at this point in history are Black. Why is doing a thing that will clobber one segment of American society, Black workers and their families, the only solution you have?
</p>
<h4 id="Dk9H7C">
Neel Kashkari
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="V8Lad6">
Well, where does inflation come from? It comes from a mismatch between supply and demand. Demand for goods and services in the American economy is far outstripping our economy’s ability to supply it. At the Fed, the only tools we have are demand tools. We can increase demand or lower demand by raising and lowering interest rates so we can bring demand down.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DWd0nK">
Our hope is that we get some help on the supply side. More workers come off the sidelines, there’s more supply chains, they are less gummed up because of Covid. More people feel confident to go back to work because vaccines have been highly effective. All of those things should boost the supply side of the economy, and then we will have to do less work on the demand side to bring those two things down. Demand tools are the only tools we at the Fed have.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="UR8wgS">
Other policymakers potentially have tools that they can help on the supply side. I speak to members of Congress and senators from my region all the time, talking about these trade-offs and saying we need whatever help we can get on the supply side to bring these two things into balance.
</p>
<h4 id="9Hcmd4">
Noel King
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0z21mQ">
Does the Federal Reserve care about Black people?
</p>
<h4 id="FaKp1N">
Neel Kashkari
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FARAw4">
Absolutely. The reason that I’ve made such an emphasis, as many of my colleagues have, over the last seven or eight years to go into Black communities and other communities of color is we want to make sure that we are hearing directly from important constituents that we are charged to serve. We are charged to represent them. They matter to the economy. They matter to the country. They matter to the Federal Reserve. Ultimately, we cannot set a different interest rate for Black Americans and white Americans. We have to pick monetary policy for the country as a whole. But we want to make sure that we have good visibility into all of these different communities, because they matter.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="vAewZT">
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Chnfd9">
</p></li>
<li><strong>Herschel Walker was the “king of Georgia” before he tried to be its senator</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/iEE51bps5SRl9Exw9Jshudbe1hI=/46x0:2955x2182/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/71528917/450389183.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
New Jersey Generals running back Herschel Walker with team owner Donald Trump circa 1984. | Bettmann Archive/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Author Jeff Pearlman on how Herschel Walker’s football career shaped his political one.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HZ3XyI">
Herschel Walker’s football career is inextricable from his political career: The only reason he has a shot at launching the latter endeavor — he’s the Republican nominee for senator in Georgia — is because he was so tremendously successful at the former, particularly in the early 1980s at the University of Georgia.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GaWmty">
The verbal gaffes and personal scandals that now threaten to derail his Senate bid were predicted by plenty of people who had followed him in recent years, but it seemed Republicans calculated his celebrity would offset those potential perils. He has since been caught misrepresenting the facts in multiple instances ranging from his <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/15/us/politics/walker-warnock-debate-police-badge.html">ties to law enforcement</a> to <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2022-election/-check-walker-acknowledges-giving-700-ex-denies-claim-knew-was-abortio-rcna52252">his relationship</a> with a woman who alleges Walker <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/07/us/politics/herschel-walker-abortion.html">paid for her</a> to abort their unborn child. He denies the allegation.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0fQ0cl">
Still, the gamble might pay off: The race is one of the closest of the midterms. <a href="https://twitter.com/JacobRubashkin/status/1578866455591821312">An ad by his opponent, Sen. Raphael Warnock</a>, even acknowledges how Georgians revere Walker, while making the case that he isn’t fit to serve in the Senate.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3AYbbT">
Walker was the best college football player in the country during his time at UGA. He won the Heisman Trophy and he led the Bulldogs to a national title — something they wouldn’t achieve again for 40 years, a famine that only increased his legend in the state. When he went pro, he made national headlines for jumping to the insurgent USFL. Then, he joined the Dallas Cowboys when they were still “America’s Team” and was a key component in what may have been the biggest trade in the history of professional football.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CC37rX">
Jeff Pearlman is the author of several books including ones that have encompassed much of Walker’s professional career. He covered <a href="https://go.skimresources.com?id=66960X1516588&amp;xs=1&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fbookshop.org%2Fp%2Fbooks%2Ffootball-for-a-buck-the-crazy-rise-and-crazier-demise-of-the-usfl-jeff-pearlman%2F7084393%3Fean%3D9780358118114&amp;xcust=Vox">Walker’s time in the USFL</a> and with <a href="https://go.skimresources.com?id=66960X1516588&amp;xs=1&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fbookshop.org%2Fp%2Fbooks%2Fboys-will-be-boys-the-glory-days-and-party-nights-of-the-dallas-cowboys-dynasty-jeff-pearlman%2F15560387%3Fean%3D9780061256813&amp;xcust=Vox">the Dallas Cowboys.</a> His latest book, <a href="https://go.skimresources.com?id=66960X1516588&amp;xs=1&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fbookshop.org%2Fp%2Fbooks%2Fthe-last-folk-hero-the-life-and-myth-of-bo-jackson-jeff-pearlman%2F18265144%3Fean%3D9780358437673&amp;xcust=Vox">a biography of Bo Jackson</a>, will be released at the end of the month. Vox spoke to Pearlman last week about Walker’s football career, his background, and how his football career intersected with his future political benefactor, then-owner of Herschel’s USFL team, Donald Trump.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CDOVYw">
This conversation has been condensed and edited for clarity.
</p>
<h4 id="pFCqs7">
Ben Jacobs
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NyDtg3">
So just how big of a deal was Herschel Walker in college at the University of Georgia?
</p>
<h4 id="BLIljG">
Jeff Pearlman
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CCIIWX">
I mean, enormous. Football players today don’t become nearly as iconic as they were because coverage of sports is so widespread now, you see so much. Back then, you could only see certain games. You would see a decent amount of Herschel Walker because Georgia was always a national title contender, and even more to the point, they ran the I formation and he was at the top of the I. So he was running the ball 30 to 40 times a game, and he was really, really good. He also was a product of the state of Georgia playing for Georgia, from Wrightsville, which is a very small town.
</p>
<div class="c-float-left">
<aside id="stvWrx">
<q>“The two most famous living Georgians are Jimmy Carter and Herschel Walker. And that’s crazy! Jimmy Carter was the president of the United States and the other guy just played football.”</q>
</aside>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6eJXCp">
[Walker] could do whatever the hell he wanted. The guy was the king of Georgia. I heard someone say this the other day, the two most famous living Georgians are Jimmy Carter and Herschel Walker. And that’s crazy! Jimmy Carter was the president of the United States and the other guy just played football. And he didn’t even have a great NFL career … but he’s so iconic.
</p>
<h4 id="pfGERF">
Ben Jacobs
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7vXvK8">
His pro football career is where he initially encountered Donald Trump. How did the two interact and what did they have in common?
</p>
<h4 id="HvkNsk">
Jeff Pearlman
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eBYXf4">
Well, it’s interesting because you can look at the lying of Donald Trump and trace it to the USFL. Everything Donald Trump does in the public sphere now, I can give you an example from the USFL that parallels it.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CM690R">
And you can look at Herschel Walker’s lying and trace it to the USFL too. Because he signed a contract with the USFL, was caught by Georgia officials and lied, and said he never signed a contract and then had to admit he did. [By signing the contract, he made himself ineligible to play college football. Eventually, a USFL official leaked the fact that he had signed to a reporter, which forced Walker’s hand.] But that’s his first official national lie, there it is. And he had to apologize for lying.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5RCM6F">
People always say that Trump signed Herschel Walker. Donald Trump did not sign Herschel Walker. Herschel Walker was in the USFL about a year before Donald Trump bought a USFL team. J. Walter Duncan was the owner of the New Jersey Generals when Walker signed. Donald Trump inherited Herschel Walker. That’s it.
</p>
<div class="c-float-right">
<aside id="74DwsT">
<q>“[Trump] was only paying money to make this team successful because he anticipated a merger with the NFL and he wanted to carry this team over to the NFL. … Herschel Walker was his meal ticket.”</q>
</aside>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="teuDtU">
You hear all this stuff, like how close they were, but it’s kind of bullshit. Donald Trump didn’t know anything about football. He was a good owner for the team because he paid money. But he was only paying money to make this team successful because he anticipated a merger with the NFL and he wanted to carry this team over to the NFL. So it wasn’t about love of this team or even love of Herschel Walker. Herschel Walker was his meal ticket.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="H5uv1i">
I’ll give Trump credit, which I never do. Here’s something nobody knows: Herschel Walker still holds the all-time [pro football] single-season rushing record. People think it’s Eric Dickerson, people think it’s Adrian Peterson. It’s Herschel Walker. And that season [1985], the coach of the Generals was a guy named Walt Michaels, who had coached the Jets. Donald Trump was pissed because Michaels was only giving Herschel Walker the ball about 15 to 20 times a game. And Donald Trump ripped his coach in the media and said we need to get Herschel Walker more involved. And as much as I can’t stand Donald Trump, he actually was right. And that did give Herschel Walker an opportunity to break the single-season rushing record.
</p>
<h4 id="azCe5j">
Ben Jacobs
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cshBn6">
And then the league collapses <a href="https://deadspin.com/the-usfl-was-trump-s-dress-rehearsal-for-the-american-c-1845999525">because of Donald Trump</a>. Trump bought into the league, which was playing the spring, with the intent of forcing his way into the NFL. This started a series of events that ended with the league’s collapse after an antitrust lawsuit where jurors thought Trump was dishonest on the witness stand. And Herschel Walker goes to the NFL, where his career was overshadowed by his infamous <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herschel_Walker_trade">trade from the Dallas Cowboys</a> to the Minnesota Vikings. To use an obscure analogy, he’s <a href="https://baseballhall.org/discover-more/stories/inside-pitch/frank-robinson-traded-to-orioles">the Milt Pappas</a> of the NFL.
</p>
<h4 id="424JCL">
Jeff Pearlman
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EKTzBs">
The trade is one of the worst/best trades in NFL history. [It was] a disaster for the Vikings, but it wasn’t his fault. For the Cowboys, so much of their three Super Bowl wins is the result of the Herschel Walker trade. [The trade resulted in the Cowboys getting the draft picks that they used to select a number of key starters on their championship-winning teams in the 1990s including Hall of Fame running back Emmitt Smith, Pro Bowl defensive back Darren Woodson, and Pro Bowl defensive lineman Russell Maryland. In contrast, the Vikings <a href="https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/199001060sfo.htm">only played one postseason game</a> with Walker, which they lost.]
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qWUjC8">
Walker did go on to have a really good career. He’s not a Hall of Famer but he’s not that far away from being a Hall of Famer. They never use USFL stats for the Hall of Fame, but if you did, he’d be in. He was really fast and he was really strong. He wasn’t shifty at all. He was pretty good out of the backfield, catching passes. He was a ridiculously powerful straight-ahead runner, but again, he wasn’t elusive. He was the wrong guy for the Vikings system and was a disaster. But he was a good player.
</p>
<h4 id="8ao6wz">
Ben Jacobs
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8Sy0YV">
Describe him as an athlete.
</p>
<h4 id="DuvX4m">
Jeff Pearlman
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TKoWAu">
I mean, he was enormous and fast. He was big. He was strong. He probably ran the 40 in about 4.25 to 4.3, which for his size is preposterous. He wound up being <a href="https://apnews.com/article/2d71257795cfeed4ba1d1832be856b7c">an Olympian in the bobsled</a>. But I do write about in my book how he couldn’t dribble a basketball, which is not a great thing. He had what they call straight-ahead skills, which is he was fast and he was strong. And you weren’t going to bring him down on your own. It doesn’t mean he was going to juke you but he was a great athlete. But he wasn’t [former professional football and baseball star] Bo Jackson. Bo Jackson could do a million things. Herschel Walker was a very straight-ahead, speed-power guy.
</p>
<h4 id="maYTpm">
Ben Jacobs
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kS9hiF">
In terms of his personality, you said he was a weird guy. What do you mean?
</p>
<h4 id="8dxZk2">
Jeff Pearlman
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ObFh8X">
Very weird. Like, would do these unusual diets. Then every night before bed, he’d do hundreds of situps and pullups. He talked a lot about going into law enforcement and going into the military. The guys who ran [with him on the track team and field team at] Georgia knew Bo Jackson [who competed for rival Auburn University] better than Herschel Walker. He just didn’t connect with them.
</p>
<div class="c-float-left">
<aside id="I7jtkS">
<q>“Take a poor Black kid in the South … and all of a sudden throw them in the middle of a stadium, where 60,000 white people are cheering your name and wearing your jersey. That has to do a job on a person.”</q>
</aside>
</div>
<h4 id="7g276W">
Ben Jacobs
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qkHR6s">
He’s also talked about his <a href="https://apnews.com/article/lifestyle-sports-nfl-college-football-coronavirus-pandemic-5e2875eec11e93f9a3bf1fc859137ff8">mental health issues</a>. How much did that factor in?
</p>
<h4 id="zl4Ykz">
Jeff Pearlman
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jbAxrL">
I think he was also shy. You can’t not take into account that he grew up dirt, dirt, dirt poor in Wrightsville, Georgia. I always say, if you really want to fuck someone up as a kid, take them out of a dirt-poor environment and throw them into college sports. If you really want to mess with somebody, take a poor Black kid in the South, where people stare at you funny if you use the wrong drinking fountain, even in that age [the 1970s] and all of a sudden throw them in the middle of a stadium, where 60,000 white people are cheering your name and wearing your jersey. That has to do a job on a person.
</p>
<h4 id="Nk9LYx">
Ben Jacobs
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6W5tm4">
Is there any logical thread between his football career and his political one?
</p>
<h4 id="N7GcKi">
Jeff Pearlman
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iWy0Oy">
His name recognition in Georgia is off the charts. So that’s invaluable in politics. No one would have ever predicted this guy would want to be a senator. He just wasn’t that smart. And he wasn’t that outspoken and he wasn’t engaging. I’d never be like, “Yeah, this guy is going to run for Senate, it’s the natural next step.”
</p>
<h4 id="BSmQ03">
Ben Jacobs
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZzCTjE">
You mentioned him dealing with the media. What was he like with them and around the locker room in general?
</p>
<h4 id="6KHI1C">
Jeff Pearlman
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="E1tB2i">
He was okay. He wasn’t a jerk. I still don’t think that the guy’s a jerk. I feel bad for him. I disagree with all his politics, but I feel like he’s just being used and kind of manipulated. Because he was a nice guy, like people thought he was weird, but he wasn’t a dick. Nobody hated him. You can’t find a person who had really bad things to say about Herschel Walker. Or they’d say he was weird and he was sort of off, kind of guarded. He didn’t talk that much. Most of his teammates would be like, “I didn’t really get to know him,” or, “I didn’t know him that well,” or, “he was always with his girlfriend,” or, “he marched to the beat of his own drum.” It wasn’t like he was a media darling, but he wasn’t an asshole about it. He would talk to reporters, but he wouldn’t be a go-to guy because he wasn’t that insightful.
</p>
<h4 id="VFISaR">
Ben Jacobs
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oXrIHX">
What did teammates make of him?
</p>
<h4 id="ulqy6C">
Jeff Pearlman
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Mn6n3R">
All his teammates would tell you he was weird if they’re being honest. They didn’t hate him. He wasn’t an unlikable guy. Nobody would have predicted he would run for Senate. … He never came off as politically savvy.
</p>
<h4 id="eqciyG">
Ben Jacobs
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jnIXoV">
Finally, how do you reconcile the Herschel Walker in the locker room versus the one on the campaign trail today?
</p>
<h4 id="KgfNxC">
Jeff Pearlman
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QNRFFZ">
I honestly, truly, sincerely think he’s damaged and being taken advantage of. I don’t say that politically. Meaning, I’d argue that no matter his party or stances, he’s just being propped up and used as a mannequin.
</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Elderly woman hacked to death in Chengannur</strong> -</p></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine war: ‘I’d rather go to jail than fight in Ukraine’, Russian man says</strong> - Russia has mobilised many thousands of men to fight in Ukraine. But Mikhail Ashichev refuses to go.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine war: US and Russian defence ministers discuss Ukraine in rare talks</strong> - Lloyd Austin spoke with his Russian counterpart Sergei Shoigu for the second time since the war began.</p></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
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</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>(Old joke) A supermarket opened up next to a small grocer and to show how much cheaper they were put a big sign out the front advertising butter.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The grocer used to sell butter for 50p a packet, but the supermarket advertised it for 49p. The next day the grocer put a big sign on the front saying:
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Butter: 48p
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The supermarket couldn’t afford to lose face so the next day it was loudly advertising:
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
BUTTER, ONLY 47p
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
However the grocer soon changed his sign to
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Butter: 46p
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
This went on for days until the supermarket was advertising butter for ONLY 10p but the grocer still beat it:
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Butter: 9p
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The supermarket owner was now losing a lot of money by selling butter this cheap and went next door to the grocer to see if they could work out a deal. However the grocer wasn’t too concerned and didn’t want to. The supermarket owner said “I can’t understand how you can survive selling butter this cheap, I pay 40p each for it and so I’m losing 30p on every sale!”.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The grocer said “Oh, I’m only losing 1p on every sale, I just buy it from you”.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/scatteringlargesse"> /u/scatteringlargesse </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/yafk58/old_joke_a_supermarket_opened_up_next_to_a_small/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/yafk58/old_joke_a_supermarket_opened_up_next_to_a_small/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>Please help me I’m trapped. In a Haiku factory.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Save me before they
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/BetterThanOP"> /u/BetterThanOP </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/y9zjjq/please_help_me_im_trapped_in_a_haiku_factory/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/y9zjjq/please_help_me_im_trapped_in_a_haiku_factory/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>Darts.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A Scottish couple took in a young women as a lodger.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
She asked if she could have a bath, but the woman of the house told her they didn’t have a bathtub inside, although if she wanted to, she could use the outside tub.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Monday’s the best night, when my husband goes out to play darts,” she said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The woman agreed to have a bath outside the following Monday.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
After her husband had gone to the pub for his dart match, she heated the outside tub and watched the woman get undressed.
</p>
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She was surprised to see that the gal didn’t have any pubic hair.
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She mentioned this to her husband when he came home.
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He didn’t believe her, so she said: “Next Monday, when you go to play darts, leave a little early and wait in the back garden so you can see for yourself.”
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So, the following Monday, while the gal again got undressed and was getting into the tub, the wife asked: “Do you shave?” “No,” she replied. “I’ve just never grown any hair down there. Do you have hair?”
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“Oh, yes,” said the woman, and she pulled up her nightdress and showed the girl that she was really generously endowed in the hair department.
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The gal finished her bath and went to bed.
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Later that night, when the husband came in, the wife asked him, “Did you see it?” “Yes,” he said, “but why the hell did you have to show her yours?!”
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“Why are you worried about that?” she said. “You’ve seen it often enough before.”
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“I know,” he said…. "but the bloody darts team hadn’t!
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/harrygatto"> /u/harrygatto </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/yab5dc/darts/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/yab5dc/darts/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>Have you heard about the new sex position called the Liz Truss?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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That’s when you give her a weak Pound, then immediately leave the House.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/KW-DadJoker"> /u/KW-DadJoker </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ya92ma/have_you_heard_about_the_new_sex_position_called/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ya92ma/have_you_heard_about_the_new_sex_position_called/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>Forgive me father, priest, preacher, reverend,</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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for I have synonymed.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Gainsborough-Smythe"> /u/Gainsborough-Smythe </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ya7s0c/forgive_me_father_priest_preacher_reverend/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ya7s0c/forgive_me_father_priest_preacher_reverend/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
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