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<title>11 February, 2021</title>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>The impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) related public-health measures on training behaviours of individuals previously participating in resistance training: A cross-sectional survey study</strong> -
<div>
Introduction: Understanding the impact of lockdown upon RT, and how people adapted their RT behaviours, is expected to have implications for strategies to maintain engagement in positive health behaviours such as this during- restrictive pandemic-related public health measures. Further, doing so will provide a baseline for investigation of the long-term effects of these measures upon behaviours and perceptions and facilitate future follow-up study. Objectives: To determine how the onset of coronavirus (COVID-19), and the associated ‘lockdown’, affected resistance training (RT) behaviours, in addition to motivation, perceived effectiveness, enjoyment, and intent to continue, in those who regularly performed resistance training RT prior to the pandemic. Methods: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study using online surveys in multiple languages (English, Danish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Slovakian, Swedish, and Japanese) distributed across social media platforms and through authors professional and personal networks. Adults (n = 5389 after data cleaning; median age = 31 years [interquartile range (IQR) = 25, 38]), who were previously engaged in RT prior to lockdown (median prior RT experience = 7 years [IQR = 4, 12]) participated. Outcomes were self-reported RT behaviours including: continuation of RT during lockdown, location of RT, purchase of specific equipment for RT, method of training (e.g. alone, supervision etc.), full-body or split routine, types of training, repetition ranges, exercise number, set volumes (per exercise and muscle group), weekly frequency of training, perception of effort, whether training was planned/recorded, time of day, and training goals. Secondary outcomes included motivation, perceived effectiveness, enjoyment, and intent to continue RT. Results: A majority of individuals (82.8%) maintained participation in some form of RT during- lockdown. Marginal probabilities from generalised linear models and generalised estimating equations of engaging in certain RT behaviours were largely similar from pre- to during- lockdown (particularly numbers of exercises, sets per exercise or muscle group, and weekly frequencies). There was reduced probability of training in privately owned gyms (~59% to ~7%) and increased probability of training at home (~18% to ~89%); greater probability of training using a full-body routine (~38% to ~51%); reduced probability of resistance machines (~66% to ~13%) and free weight use (~96% to ~81%), and increased probability of bodyweight training (~62% to ~82%); reduced probability of moderate repetition ranges (~62-82% to ~55-66%) and greater probability of higher repetition ranges (~27% to ~49%); and moderate reduction in the perception of effort experienced during- training (r = 0.31). Further, individuals were slightly less likely to plan or record training during- lockdown and many changed their training goals as a result of lockdown. Additionally, perceived effectiveness, enjoyment, and likelihood of continuing current training were all lower during- lockdown. Conclusions: Those engaged in RT prior to lockdown appeared mostly able to maintain these behaviours with only slight adaptations in both the location and types of training performed. However, people employed less effort, had lower motivation, and perceived training as less effective and enjoyable, reporting that their likelihood of continuing current training was similar or lower than pre- lockdown. These results have implications for strategies to maintain engagement in positive health behaviours such as RT during- restrictive pandemic-related public health measures.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/sportrxiv/b8s7e/" target="_blank">The impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) related public-health measures on training behaviours of individuals previously participating in resistance training: A cross-sectional survey study</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Investigating orthographic versus auditory cross-situational word learning with online and lab-based research</strong> -
<div>
In recent years, cross-situational word learning (CSWL) paradigms have shown that novel words can be learned through implicit statistical learning. So far, CSWL studies using adult populations have focused on the presentation of spoken words (auditory information), however, words can also be learned through their written form (orthographic information). This study compares auditory and orthographic presentation of novel words with different degrees of phonological overlap using the CSWL paradigm. Additionally, we also present a lab-based and online-based approach to testing behavioural experiments. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, lab testing was prematurely terminated, and testing was continued online using a newly created online testing protocol. Analyses first compared accuracy and response times across modalities, with our findings showing better and faster recognition performance for CSWL when novel words are presented through their written (orthographic condition) than through their spoken forms (auditory condition). As well, Bayesian modelling found that accuracy for the auditory condition was higher online compared to the lab-based experiment, whereas performance in the orthography condition was high in both experiments and generally outperformed the auditory condition. We discuss the implications of our findings for modality of presentation, as well as the benefits of our online testing protocol and its implementation for future research.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/tpn5e/" target="_blank">Investigating orthographic versus auditory cross-situational word learning with online and lab-based research</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Antenatal Depression and the Impact of COVID-19 Mitigation Efforts in Australia</strong> -
<div>
The mitigation efforts of COVID-19 have led to significant changes to the delivery of routine healthcare globally. In Australia, the way maternal health services have been delivered since the beginning of the pandemic has also changed. Maternity care and support are known to influence maternal mental health. One hundred and eighty-eight English speaking pregnant women residing in Australia were recruited using social media advertising between September and November 2020 as part of a larger study. Participants were aged between 19 and 42 (M = 31.05, SD = 4.68). Compared with previous Australian prevalence rates of around 7% for antenatal depression, rates in this study were 15.9% overall and 19% for those in Melbourne. It is suggested that increased vigilance with screening and assessment will be required to identify and support this cohort of mothers who are not coping.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/ahn6x/" target="_blank">Antenatal Depression and the Impact of COVID-19 Mitigation Efforts in Australia</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Bifurcated monocyte states are predictive of mortality in severe COVID-19</strong> -
<div>
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection presents with varied clinical manifestations, ranging from mild symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with high mortality. Despite extensive analyses, there remains an urgent need to delineate immune cell states that contribute to mortality in severe COVID-19. We performed high-dimensional cellular and molecular profiling of blood and respiratory samples from critically ill COVID-19 patients to define immune cell genomic states that are predictive of outcome in severe COVID-19 disease. Critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) manifested increased frequencies of inflammatory monocytes and plasmablasts that were also associated with ARDS not due to COVID-19. Single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq)-based deconvolution of genomic states of peripheral immune cells revealed distinct gene modules that were associated with COVID-19 outcome. Notably, monocytes exhibited bifurcated genomic states, with expression of a cytokine gene module exemplified by CCL4 (MIP-1{beta}) associated with survival and an interferon signaling module associated with death. These gene modules were correlated with higher levels of MIP-1{beta} and CXCL10 levels in plasma, respectively. Monocytes expressing genes reflective of these divergent modules were also detectable in endotracheal aspirates. Machine learning algorithms identified the distinctive monocyte modules as part of a multivariate peripheral immune system state that was predictive of COVID-19 mortality. Follow-up analysis of the monocyte modules on ICU day 5 was consistent with bifurcated states that correlated with distinct inflammatory cytokines. Our data suggests a pivotal role for monocytes and their specific inflammatory genomic states in contributing to mortality in life-threatening COVID-19 disease and may facilitate discovery of new diagnostics and therapeutics.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.10.430499v1" target="_blank">Bifurcated monocyte states are predictive of mortality in severe COVID-19</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The effect of respiratory activity, ventilatory therapy and facemasks on total aerosol emissions</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
<b>Background </b> Exhaled respirable aerosols (&lt;5 μm diameter) present a high risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. Many guidelines recommend using aerosol precautions during “aerosol generating procedures” (AGPs) and droplet (&gt;5 μm) precautions at other times. However, there is emerging evidence that respiratory activities such as cough and not AGPs are the important source of aerosols. <b>Methods </b> We used a novel chamber with an optical particle counter sampling at 100 L/min to count and size-fractionate all exhaled particles (0.5-25 μm). We compared emissions from ten healthy subjects during respiratory “activities” (quiet breathing, talking, shouting, forced expiratory maneuvers, exercise and coughing) with respiratory “therapies” designated as AGPs: high flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) and single or dual circuit non-invasive positive pressure ventilation, NIPPV-S and NIPPV-D, respectively. Activities were repeated wearing facemasks. <b>Results </b> Compared to quiet breathing, respiratory activities increased particle counts between 34.6-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.2 to 79.1) during talking, to 370.8-fold (95% CI, 162.3 to 847.1) during coughing (p&lt;0.001). During quiet breathing, HFNO at 60 L/min increased counts 2.3-fold (95% CI, 1.2 to 4.4) (p=0.03) and NIPPV-S and NIPPV-D at 25/10 cm H<sub>2</sub>O increased counts by 2.6-fold (95% CI, 1.7 to 4.1) and 7.8-fold (95% CI, 4.4 to 13.6) respectively (p&lt;0.001). During activities, respiratory therapies and facemasks reduced emissions compared to activities alone. <b>Conclusion </b> Talking, exertional breathing and coughing generate substantially more aerosols than the respiratory therapies HFNO and NIPPV which can reduce total emissions. The risk of aerosol exposure is underappreciated and warrants widespread targeted interventions.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.07.21251309v2" target="_blank">The effect of respiratory activity, ventilatory therapy and facemasks on total aerosol emissions</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Explaining ethnic disparities in COVID-19 mortality: population-based, prospective cohort study</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Ethnic disparities in COVID-19 hospitalizations and mortality have been reported but there is scant understanding of how these inequalities are embodied. The UK Biobank prospective cohort study comprises around half a million people who were aged 40-69 years at study induction between 2006 and 2010 when information on ethnic background and potential explanatory factors was captured. Study members were linked to a national mortality registry. In an analytical sample of 448,664 individuals (248,820 women), 354 deaths were ascribed to COVID-19 between 5th March and the end of follow-up on 17th September 2020. In age- and sex-adjusted analyses, relative to White participants, Black study members experienced around seven times the risk of COVID-19 mortality (odds ratio; 95% confidence interval: 7.25; 4.65, 11.33), while there was a doubling in the Asian group (1.98; 1.02, 3.84). Controlling for baseline comorbidities, socioeconomic circumstances, and lifestyle factors explained 53% of the differential in risk for Asian people (1.37; 0.68, 2.77) and 27% in Black study members (4.28; 2.67, 6.86). The residual risk in ethnic minority groups for COVID-19 deaths may be ascribed to unknown genetic factors or unmeasured phenotypes, most obviously racial discrimination.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.07.21251079v2" target="_blank">Explaining ethnic disparities in COVID-19 mortality: population-based, prospective cohort study</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>COVID-19 vaccination rate and protection attitudes can determine the best prioritisation strategy to reduce fatalities</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background: The unprecedented rapid development of vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus creates in itself a new challenge for governments and health authorities: the effective vaccination of large numbers of people in a short time and, possibly, with shortage of vaccine doses. To whom vaccinate first and in what sequence, if any at all, to avoid the most fatalities remains an open question. Methods: A compartmental model considering age-related groups was developed to evaluate and compare vaccine distribution strategies in terms of the total avoidable fatalities. Population groups are established based on relevant differences in mortality (due to e.g. their age) and risk-related traits (such as their behaviour and number of daily person-to-person interactions). Vaccination distribution strategies were evaluated for different vaccine effectiveness levels, population coverage and vaccination rate using data mainly from Spain. Findings: Our results show that, if children could also be included in the vaccination, a rollout by priority to groups with the highest number of daily person-to-person interactions can achieve large reductions in total fatalities. This is due to the importance of the avoided subsequent infections inflicted on the rest of the population by highly interactive individuals. If children are excluded from the vaccination, the differences between priority strategies become smaller and appear highly depending on rollout rate, coverage and the levels of self-protection and awareness exercised by the population. Interpretation: These results are in possible contradiction with several published plans for COVID-19 vaccination and highlight the importance of conducting an open comprehensive and thorough analysis of this problem leaving behind possible preconceptions.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.10.12.20211094v3" target="_blank">COVID-19 vaccination rate and protection attitudes can determine the best prioritisation strategy to reduce fatalities</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The COVID States Project #27: Trajectory of COVID-19-related behaviors in Illinois</strong> -
<div>
The number of COVID-19 cases in Illinois has risen sharply over the last two months, from about 2,000 new cases a day in late September to 10,000 or so currently. In this report we evaluate whether there have been significant changes in the behaviors that facilitate the spread of the disease. The COVID States Project has been conducting a 50-state survey roughly once a month since April about attitudes and behaviors around COVID-19. Here we focus on public-health related behaviors that facilitate/inhibit the spread of the disease. It has become apparent that behaviors of particular importance are (1) those which bring people into indoor proximity; and (2) mask wearing.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/27gqm/" target="_blank">The COVID States Project #27: Trajectory of COVID-19-related behaviors in Illinois</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 infection models using in vivo and in vitro hACE2-lentivirus transduction</strong> -
<div>
SARS-CoV-2 uses the human ACE2 receptor (hACE2), with mouse ACE2 (mACE2) unable to support infection. Herein we describe an ACE2-lentivirus system and illustrate its utility in vitro and in vivo. Transduction of non-permissive cell lines with hACE2 imparted replication competence, and transduction with mACE2 containing N30D, N31K, F83Y and H353K mutations, to match hACE2, rescued SARS-CoV-2 replication. hACE2-lentivirus transduction of C57BL/6J, IFNAR-/- and IL-28RA-/- mice lungs indicated type I and III IFN receptor knockout had minimal effect on virus replication. However, RNA-Seq illustrated that they were required for inflammatory responses in C57BL/6J mice, which were similar to those seen in COVID-19 patients. Finally, we illustrate the utility of hACE2 transduction for vaccine evaluation in C57BL/6J mice. The hACE2-lentivirus system thus has broad application in SARS-CoV-2 research, in particular allowing access to GM mice, while also offering the inherent advantages of lentiviral transduction such as stable genomic integration.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.09.430547v1" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 infection models using in vivo and in vitro hACE2-lentivirus transduction</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>In vitro evolution of Remdesivir resistance reveals genome plasticity of SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
<div>
Remdesivir (RDV) is used widely for COVID-19 patients despite varying results in recent clinical trials. Here, we show how serially passaging SARS-CoV-2 in vitro in the presence of RDV selected for drug-resistant viral populations. We determined that the E802D mutation in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase was sufficient to confer decreased RDV sensitivity without affecting viral fitness. Analysis of more than 200,000 sequences of globally circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants show no evidence of widespread transmission of RDV-resistant mutants. Surprisingly, we also observed changes in the Spike (i.e., H69 E484, N501, H655) corresponding to mutations identified in emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants indicating that they can arise in vitro in the absence of immune selection. This study illustrates SARS-CoV-2 genome plasticity and offers new perspectives on surveillance of viral variants.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.01.429199v1" target="_blank">In vitro evolution of Remdesivir resistance reveals genome plasticity of SARS-CoV-2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Naive human B cells can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 through recognition of its receptor binding domain</strong> -
<div>
Exposure to a pathogen elicits an adaptive immune response aimed to control and eradicate. This initial exposure is imprinted on the immune system, so that a subsequent encounter to the same pathogen or a variant will result in a memory recall response that is often protective. Interrogating the naive B cell repertoire in terms of both abundance and specificity to said pathogen may contribute to an understanding of how to potentially elicit protective responses. Here, we isolated naive B cells across 8 human donors, targeting the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD). Single B cell sorting, and subsequent sequence analysis, showed diverse gene usage and pairing with no apparent restriction on complementarity determining region length in either the heavy or light chains. We show that recombinantly expressed IgGs and Fabs of these germline precursors bind SARS-CoV-2 RBD. Importantly, a subset of these naive antibodies also bind SARS-CoV, an emergent variant (501Y.V2) and a potential pandemic (WIV-1) coronavirus. Furthermore, naive antibodies can also neutralize SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses in the absence of any somatic hypermutation, suggesting that protective immunity to coronaviruses, more broadly, may be genetically encoded. Future studies aimed at understanding the naive repertoire to other coronaviruses may ultimately reveal shared specificities that could be leveraged to develop pan-coronavirus vaccines aimed at priming encoded germline responses.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.02.429458v1" target="_blank">Naive human B cells can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 through recognition of its receptor binding domain</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Coronavirus GenBrowser for monitoring the transmission and evolution of SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
COVID-19 has widely spread across the world, and much research is being conducted on the causative virus SARS-CoV-2. To help control the infection, we developed the Coronavirus GenBrowser (CGB) to monitor the pandemic. With CGB, 178,765 high quality SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences were analyzed, and 121,522 mutations were identified. In total, 1,041 mutation cold spots were found, suggesting that these spots are key functional elements of SARS-CoV-2 and can be used for detection and vaccine development. CGB revealed 203 accelerated evolutions of SARS-CoV-2, but variants with accelerated evolution were not found to be highly contagious, suggesting that most of these evolutions are neutral. The B.1.1.7 (CGB75056.84017) lineage previously identified in the UK was not found to be significantly accelerated although its adaptive evolution was detected. Moreover, 2,297 strains with a significantly reduced evolutionary rate were identified, including three closely related variants widely spreading in Europe with no mutations in three months. By lineage tracing, a strain dated early March 2020 was determined to be the most recent common ancestor of nine strains collected from six different regions in three continents. This strain was also found to cause the outbreak in Xinfadi, Beijing, China in June 2020. CGB allows visualization and analysis of hundreds of thousands of SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences. Distributed genome alignments and its effective analysis pipeline ensure timely update of the latest genomic data of SARS-CoV-2. CGB is an efficient platform for the general public to monitor the transmission and evolution of SARS-CoV-2.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.23.20248612v2" target="_blank">Coronavirus GenBrowser for monitoring the transmission and evolution of SARS-CoV-2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Socio-economic indicators correlate with daily mobility during the second-wave of the Covid-19 pandemic</strong> -
<div>
Non-pharmaceutical interventions are being used globally to limit the spread of Covid-19, which are in turn affecting individual mobility patterns. Mobility measures were found to be strongly associated with regional socio-economic indicators during the first wave of the pandemic. Here, we use network mobility data from an ~3.5 million person sample of individuals in Ontario, Canada to study the association between three different individual-mobility measures and four socio-economic indicators throughout the first and second wave of Covid-19 (January to December 2020). We demonstrate that understanding how mobility behaviours have changed in response to Covid-19 varies considerably depending on how mobility is measured. We find a strong positive association between different mobility levels and the economic deprivation index, which demonstrates that inequities in the changes to mobility across economic gradients observed during the initial lockdown have persisted into the later stages of the pandemic. However, the associations between mobility and other socio-economic indicators vary over time. We capture a strong day-of-week pattern of association between socio-economic indicators and mobility levels. Our findings have important implications for understanding if and how mobility data should be used to study the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions on the socio-economic conditions across geographical space, and over time. Our results support that Covid-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions have resulted in geographically disparate responses to mobility behaviour, and quantifying mobility changes at fine geographical scales is crucial to understanding the impacts of Covid-19 on local populations.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/tca34/" target="_blank">Socio-economic indicators correlate with daily mobility during the second-wave of the Covid-19 pandemic</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Developing initial programme theory: COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium Hospital-Onset COVID-19 study (COG-UK HOCI)</strong> -
<div>
Intervention programme theory enhances the development, evaluation, optimisation and translation of complex interventions. It clearly specifies the ways intervention context and content combine to produce intervention outcomes. We report the development of initial programme theory for a SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence-report tool (SRT). The SRT translates genome sequencing data to drive changes in the intensity and location of infection prevention and control (IPC) and related cleaning activities within UK NHS hospitals to reduce nosocomial infections. The SRT is being trialled within the COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium Hospital-Onset COVID-19 study (HOCI). Within the HOCI study, we will assess the impact of the SRT, and its timing, when compared to no sequence data, on the occurrence and transmission location of nosocomial infection, reducing its incidence rate and identifying previously undetected nosocomial transmission. To develop the initial programme theory we used documentary analysis (e.g. trial protocol, case report forms, drafts of the SRT), informal discussions with trial team members, and the iterative development of logic models. The intervention’s causal mechanisms were conceptualised using combined insights from behavioural, implementation science and complex adaptive systems perspectives. Our initial programme theory will subsequently be used to shape a process evaluation within a diverse sample of trial sites. The planned process evaluation will use the initial programme theory and assess SRT acceptability, support for its putative causal mechanisms, issues of fidelity and adaptation, and examine how the planned intervention has worked, or not, in relation to intended and unintended consequences.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/ysm35/" target="_blank">Developing initial programme theory: COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium Hospital-Onset COVID-19 study (COG-UK HOCI)</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Mitigating losses: How science diplomacy can address the impact of COVID-19 on early career researchers</strong> -
<div>
Despite the failures to tackle early coordinated responses at national and multinational levels, the global emergence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic promoted unprecedented actions on the science-policy, science-communication, and science-diplomacy interfaces worldwide. With varying degrees of success, various actions within the realm of science diplomacy have accompanied the creation of knowledge related to COVID-19 through international collaboration. The COVID-19 pandemic brought the world to a standstill and also drew attention to the genuine need for science diplomacy. This pandemic highlighted the need of training opportunities in the interface of policy and diplomacy for researchers to be able to get grips on emerging health issues. Moreover, it is necessary to create specific platforms for experts to interact with decision-makers at the national and international levels, especially in the Global South. This crisis inevitably shifted the focus on scientific areas that directly address the pandemic response (epidemiology, public health, virology, immunology, pharmacology, human behavioral research, economics, among others). At the same time, some areas not related to the pandemic response have been slowed down due to inevitable physical and social restrictions that impacted certain aspects of the academic life. This does not only relate to daily access to the lab, scientific collections, or field sites, but also associates with furloughed employees and reduced funding to non-COVID-19-related research. Moreover, during the pandemic, women and (usually young) scientists with children have reduced their research efforts substantially, with future implications still difficult to quantify. While some researchers might have harnessed telecommuting and lockdown periods to focus on data analysis and publication writing, gender bias still exists. The slight increase in publications with pre-acquired data may still be followed by an immediate future impacted by the lack of data acquisition during the pandemic. These issues may create long-term effects due to reduced capacity for generating pre-requisite data for securing new funding, termination of research, reduced networking opportunities, restrictions to international collaborations, collectively having a negative impact on other disciplines. While most established researchers may not be affected hardly by the above-mentioned effects, early career researchers (ECRs), represent a more vulnerable population. ECRs usually refer to PhD students, postdoctoral fellows and scientists who have 10 years or less of experience after the doctoral degree, although there is some flexibility in this definition. Due to their career stage, ECRs often face job precarity, lack of available opportunities, low funding, and job insecurity (e.g., untenured positions and temporary contract employees). These problems are augmented by the COVID-19 pandemic and may be experienced more in countries with a developing scientific system. The impact could be higher for countries that are developing their research environment, are dependent on training their ECRs and conducting experiments abroad through international exchanges programs, which have been stopped due to the pandemic. Given these unprecedented times, it has been observed that international scientific organizations, policy-makers, scientific communities, and private stakeholders have strengthened their collaborations in response to the pandemic. We, as ECRs, strongly believe that science diplomacy can make a difference in addressing the challenges (emanated or amplified by the current pandemic) that ECRs would face inside and outside academia. Here we present such challenges, and discuss how the Global Young Academy (GYA), an independent organization of early to mid-career researchers across all disciplines and countries, has provided a platform for ECRs to practice science diplomacy, science advice, and science communication. The former by serving as a bridge between ECRs and governments, the second by hearing the voices of young researchers when enacting policies, and the latter by informing societies about the benefits of scientific research. Motivated by the described examples, we recommend measures for scientists, funding agencies, and international organizations to foster international collaboration in these unparallel times.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/f9tsw/" target="_blank">Mitigating losses: How science diplomacy can address the impact of COVID-19 on early career researchers</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of a Single Dose of STI-2020 (COVI-AMG™) to Treat COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: COVI-AMG;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Evaluate a Single Dose of STI-2020 (COVI-AMG™) in Adults With Mild COVID-19 Symptoms</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: COVI-AMG;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>An Effectiveness Study of the Sinovac’s Adsorbed COVID-19 (Inactivated) Vaccine</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: Adsorbed COVID-19 (Inactivated) Vaccine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Butantan Institute<br/><b>Enrolling by invitation</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of VB-201 in Patients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Severe COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: VB-201 + Standard of care;   Drug: Standard of care<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Vascular Biogenics Ltd. operating as VBL Therapeutics<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>TOCILIZUMAB - An Option for Patients With COVID-19 Associated Cytokine Release Syndrome; A Single Center Experience</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Tocilizumab<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   FMH College of Medicine and Dentistry<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study of the Kinetics of COVID-19 Antibodies for 24 Months in Patients With Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Covid19;   SARS-CoV 2<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Other: Sampling by venipuncture<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Centre Hospitalier Régional d’Orléans<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Therapy</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   SARS-CoV-2 Infection;   COVID-19 Infection<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: Convalescent plasma<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Angelica Samudio;   Consejo Nacional de Ciencias y Tecnología, Paraguay;   Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social, Paraguay;   Centro de información y recursos para el desarrollo, Paraguay<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>An Outpatient Clinical Trial Using Ivermectin and Doxycycline in COVID-19 Positive Patients at High Risk to Prevent COVID-19 Related Hospitalization</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Ivermectin Tablets;   Drug: Doxycycline Tablets;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Max Health, Subsero Health<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Interferon-β Therapy for COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2;   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: SNG001;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Synairgen Research Ltd.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Prothione™ Capsules for Mild to Moderate Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Placebo;   Drug: Prothione™ (6g)<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Prothione, LLC<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effectiveness of Ivermectin in SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Ivermectin<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   FMH College of Medicine and Dentistry<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>AGILE (Early Phase Platform Trial for COVID-19)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: CST-2: EIDD-2801;   Drug: CST-2: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   University of Liverpool;   University of Southampton;   Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine;   Lancaster University;   Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Community Network-driven COVID-19 Testing of Vulnerable Populations in the Central US</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Other: Social Network Strategy + COVID-19 messaging<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University of Chicago<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety and Preliminary Efficacy Study of GX-I7 in Patients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: GX-I7;   Drug: GX-I7 vehicle<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Genexine, Inc.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Cannabidiol Treatment for Severe and Critical Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pulmonary Infection</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Cannabidiol<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Rabin Medical Center<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Amino acid sensing pathway: A major check point in the pathogenesis of obesity and COVID-19</strong> - Obesity and obesogenic comorbidities have been associated with COVID-19 susceptibility and mortality. However, the mechanism of such correlations requires an in-depth understanding. Overnutrition/excess serum amino acid profile during obesity has been linked with inflammation and reprogramming of translational machinery through hyperactivation of amino acid sensor mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is exploited by SARS-CoV-2 for its replication. Conversely, we have shown that the…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hsp90 inhibition protects the brain microvascular endothelium against oxidative stress</strong> - The brain endothelium is an integral element of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Dysfunction of this formation due to increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) progresses the establishment of neurological disorders including stroke and traumatic brain injury. Heat shock protein 90 inhibitors are anti-inflammatory agents, and their activities are mediated, at least in part, by P53. This is a tumor suppressor protein which regulates the opposing activities of Rac1 and RhoA in the…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Overview on the Discovery and Development of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Should the Focus Be on Synthesis or Degradation of PGE(2)?</strong> - Inflammation is a protective response that develops against tissue injury and infection. Chronic inflammation, on the other hand, is the key player in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory disorders including cancer. The cytokine storm, an inflammatory response flaring out of control, is mostly responsible for the mortality in COVID-19 patients. Anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit cyclooxygenases (COX), which are involved in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins that promote inflammation. The…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection Induces Caspase-8 mediated G3BP1 Cleavage and Subverts Stress Granules to Promote Viral Replication</strong> - Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) is an α-coronavirus causing severe diarrhea and high mortality rates in suckling piglets and posing significant economic impact. PEDV replication is completed and results in a large amount of RNA in the cytoplasm. Stress granules (SGs) are dynamic cytosolic RNA granules formed under various stress conditions including viral infections. Several previous studies suggested that SGs were involved in the antiviral activity of host cells to limit viral…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 ORF9b inhibits RIG-I-MAVS antiviral signaling by interrupting K63-linked ubiquitination of NEMO</strong> - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a current global health threat caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Emerging evidence indicates that SARS-CoV-2 elicits a dysregulated immune response and a delayed interferon (IFN) expression in patients, which contribute largely to the viral pathogenesis and development of COVID-19. However, underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we report the activation and repression of the innate…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Photosynthetically Controlled Spirulina, but Not Solar Spirulina, Inhibits TNF-alpha Secretion: Potential Implications for COVID-19-Related Cytokine Storm Therapy</strong> - An array of infections, including the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), trigger macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and subsequently hypercytokinemia, commonly referred to as a cytokine storm (CS). It is postulated that CS is mainly responsible for critical COVID-19 cases, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Recognizing the therapeutic potential of Spirulina blue-green algae (Arthrospira platensis), in this in vitro stimulation study, LPS-activated macrophages and monocytes were…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Artificially expanded genetic information systems (AEGISs) as potent inhibitors of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of the SARS-CoV-2</strong> - The recent outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 infection has affected the lives and economy of more than 200 countries. The unavailability of virus-specific drugs has created an opportunity to identify potential therapeutic agents that can control the rapid transmission of this pandemic. Here, the mechanisms of the inhibition of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), responsible for the replication of the virus in host cells, are examined by different ligands, such as Remdesivir (RDV), Remdesivir…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Role of the SphK-S1P-S1PRs pathway in invasion of the nervous system by SARS-CoV-2 Infection</strong> - Global spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still ongoing. Before an effective vaccine is available, the development of potential treatments for resultant coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is crucial. One of disease hallmarks is hyper-inflammatory responses, which usually leads to a severe lung disease. Patients with COVID-19 also frequently suffered from neurological symptoms such as acute diffuse encephalomyelitis, brain injury and psychiatric…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The basis of a more contagious 501Y.V1 variant of SARS-COV-2</strong> - Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing a world-wide pandemic. A variant of SARS-COV-2 (20I/501Y.V1) recently discovered in the United Kingdom has a single mutation from N501 to Y501 within the receptor binding domain (Y501-RBD), of the Spike protein of the virus. This variant is much more contagious than the original version (N501-RBD). We found that this mutated version of RBD binds to human Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) a ~10 times more tightly…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Identification of the SHREK family of proteins as broad-spectrum host antiviral factors</strong> - Mucins and mucin-like molecules are highly glycosylated, high-molecular-weight cell surface proteins that possess a semi-rigid and highly extended extracellular domain. P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), a mucin-like glycoprotein, has recently been found to restrict HIV-1 infectivity through virion incorporation that sterically hinders virus particle attachment to target cells. Here, we report the identification of a family of antiviral cellular proteins, named the Surface-Hinged,…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Targeting CTP Synthetase 1 to Restore Interferon Induction and Impede Nucleotide Synthesis in SARS-CoV-2 Infection</strong> - The newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 caused a global pandemic with astonishing mortality and morbidity. The mechanisms underpinning its highly infectious nature remain poorly understood. We report here that SARS-CoV-2 exploits cellular CTP synthetase 1 (CTPS1) to promote CTP synthesis and suppress interferon (IFN) induction. Screening a SARS-CoV-2 expression library identified ORF7b and ORF8 that suppressed IFN induction via inducing the deamidation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Deamidated…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Discovery of re-purposed drugs that slow SARS-CoV-2 replication in human cells</strong> - BACKGROUND: The SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused the death of over 2 million people worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. Whilst effective vaccines have been developed and vaccination schedules are being rolled out, the identification of safe and inexpensive drugs to slow the replication of SARS-CoV-2 could help thousands of people worldwide whilst awaiting vaccination.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Structural modeling and analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 cell entry inhibitor camostat bound to the trypsin-like protease TMPRSS2</strong> - The type II transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 facilitates the entry of coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, into host cells by cleaving the S(1)/S(2) interface of the viral spike protein. Based on structural data derived from X-ray crystallographic data of related trypsin-like proteases, a homology model of TMPRSS2 is described and validated using the broad spectrum COVID-19 drug candidate camostat as a probe. Both active site recognition and catalytic function are examined using quantum…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Tipiracil binds to uridine site and inhibits Nsp15 endoribonuclease NendoU from SARS-CoV-2</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15 is a uridine-specific endoribonuclease with C-terminal catalytic domain belonging to the EndoU family that is highly conserved in coronaviruses. As endoribonuclease activity seems to be responsible for the interference with the innate immune response, Nsp15 emerges as an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Here we report the first structures with bound nucleotides and show how the enzyme specifically recognizes uridine moiety. In addition to a uridine site we present…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The polybasic cleavage site in the SARS-CoV-2 spike modulates viral sensitivity to Type I interferon and IFITM2</strong> - The cellular entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronaviruses types 1 and 2 (SARS-CoV-1 and -2) requires sequential protease processing of the viral spike glycoprotein. The presence of a polybasic cleavage site in SARS-CoV-2 spike at the S1/S2 boundary has been suggested to be a factor in the increased transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 compared to SARS-CoV-1 by facilitating maturation of the spike precursor by furin-like proteases in the producer cells rather than endosomal…</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 antibodies</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU315792577">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 antibodies</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU315792579">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION OF NITAZOXANIDE AND MEFLOQUINE AND METHOD THEREOF</strong> - A pharmaceutical composition for treating Covid-19 virus comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a nitazoxanide or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and an mefloquine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof is disclosed. The pharmaceutical composition comprises the nitazoxanide in the ratio of 0.05% to 66% w/v and the mefloquine in the ratio of 0.05% to 90% w/v. The composition is found to be effective for the treatment of COVID -19 (SARS-CoV2). The pharmaceutical composition of nitazoxanide and mefloquine has been found to be effective and is unexpectedly well tolerated with a low rate of side-effects, and equally high cure-rates than in comparable treatments. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN316412781">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>TREATMENT OF COVID-19 WITH REBAMIPIDE</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU315792482">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ACQUIRING POWER CONSUMPTION IMPACT BASED ON IMPACT OF COVID-19 EPIDEMIC</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU314745621">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种新冠肺炎CT检测识别定位系统及计算设备</strong> - 本发明涉及图像处理领域，公开了一种新冠肺炎CT检测识别定位系统及计算设备，包括图像采集单元、模块建立单元、新冠肺炎病灶识别单元和新冠肺炎病灶定位单元；图像采集单元采集待识别检测新冠肺炎的CT图像、新冠肺炎CT影像病灶分割训练数据集和新冠CT图像识别训练集；模块建立单元建立U_Net卷积神经网络模型、加入注意力机制的InceptionV3网络和目标检测模型；新冠肺炎病灶识别单元对已分割出病灶的轮廓特征图像进行识别；新冠肺炎病灶定位单元确定病灶在人体肺部的位置。本发明利用U_Net卷积神经网络模型对新冠病灶检测分割，并通过加入注意力机制的网络进行新冠肺炎识别，通过目标检测模型定位病灶在肺部的位置，识别准确率高，计算速度快。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN317076812">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种基于磁微粒化学发光的新型冠状病毒抗体检测试剂盒</strong> - 本发明提供一种基于磁微粒化学发光的新型冠状病毒抗体检测试剂盒。所述检测试剂盒包括：链霉亲和素磁微粒、生物素标记的新型冠状病毒抗原、吖啶磺酰胺标记的二抗、样本稀释液和质控品；所述生物素标记的新型冠状病毒抗原包括重组核衣壳蛋白和重组棘突蛋白S1。将待检样本、生物素标记抗原与链霉亲和素磁微粒混合，孵育和洗涤，再加入吖啶磺酰胺标记的抗体，形成磁微粒‑链霉亲和素‑生物素‑抗原‑新型冠状病毒抗体‑二抗复合物，进而检测发光强度实现对待测样品的定性。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN317076655">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION OF ARTESUNATE AND MEFLOQUINE AND METHOD THEREOF</strong> - A pharmaceutical composition for treating Covid-19 virus comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an artesunate or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and a mefloquine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof is disclosed. The pharmaceutical composition comprises the artesunate in the ratio of 0.25% to 66% w/v and mefloquine in the ratio of 0.25% to 90% w/v. The composition is found to be effective for the treatment of COVID -19 (SARS-CoV2). The pharmaceutical composition of Artesunate and Mefloquine has been found to be effective and is unexpectedly well tolerated with a low rate of side-effects, and equally high cure-rates than in comparable treatments. The present invention also discloses a method to preparing the pharmaceutical composition comprising of Artesunate and Mefloquine. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN315303355">link</a></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Zahnbürstenaufsatz, elektrische Versorgungseinheit einer elektrischen Zahnbürste, elektrische Zahnbürste mit einem Zahnbürstenaufsatz, Zahnbürste sowie Testaufsatz für eine elektrische Zahnbürste</strong> -
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</p><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Zahnbürstenaufsatz für eine elektrische Zahnbürste (20) umfassend einen Koppelabschnitt (2), über den der Zahnbürstenaufsatz (1) mit einer elektrischen Versorgungseinheit (10) der elektrischen Zahnbürste (20) verbindbar ist und einen Bürstenabschnitt (3), der zur Reinigung der Zähne ausgebildete Reinigungsmittel (3.1) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem Zahnbürstenaufsatz (1) eine Sensoreinheit (4) vorgesehen ist, die dazu ausgebildet ist, selektiv das Vorhandensein eines Virus oder eines Antigen im Speichel eines Nutzers des Zahnbürstenaufsatzes (1) durch Messen zumindest eines virusspezifischen Parameters zu bestimmen.</p></li>
</ul>
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<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=DE315274678">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种医用可佩戴式防护口鼻的微型气幕系统</strong> - 本发明公开了一种医用可佩戴式防护口鼻的微型气幕系统，包括框柱，框柱一侧开凿有气幕送风口和呼吸用送风口，气幕送风口和呼吸用送风口内分别连接有软管一和软管二，框柱内开凿有水平条缝和垂直条缝，水平条缝与垂直条缝均与气幕送风口相连通，框柱靠近水平条缝的一侧贯穿开凿有出风口，出风口内设有滤网，出风口贯穿框柱的一端连接有高效过滤器，滤网与高效过滤器之间连接有吸气泵，框柱靠近出风口的一侧连接有电池和开关。本发明通过提出一种在口腔处应用洁净空气幕阻挡气溶胶传播的可佩戴装置，可以在口腔类相关诊疗过程，保护医生和周围人的健康，避免引起可能引发的呼吸道疾病交叉感染。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN316342421">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Trump’s Impeachment Trial Offers a Chance to Seize the Initiative on the Future of Free Speech</strong> - Trump should be convicted, and the First Amendment should be protected in the process. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/trumps-impeachment-trial-offers-a-chance-to-seize-the-initiative-on-the-future-of-free-speech">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>What’s at Stake in the Fight Over Reopening Schools</strong> - From housing to health care, low-income people and others ravaged by debt and inequality are beginning to demand a better life subsidized by public money. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/whats-at-stake-in-the-fight-over-reopening-schools">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How San Francisco Renamed Its Schools</strong> - The president of the San Francisco Board of Education discusses the controversies around reopening and renaming her district’s schools, including questions about how to view the legacies of complex historical figures. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/how-san-francisco-renamed-its-schools">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Build Nothing New That Ultimately Leads to a Flame</strong> - If “Stop burning fossil fuels” is the first principle of fighting the climate crisis, let this be the second. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/annals-of-a-warming-planet/build-nothing-new-that-ultimately-leads-to-a-flame">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How Biden Can Ease Tensions That Trump Stoked in the Western Sahara</strong> - A proclamation by tweet that aided Morocco and Israel could reignite a conflict in North Africa. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/how-biden-can-ease-tensions-that-trump-stoked-in-the-western-sahara">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>“That awful day could have been so much worse”: New videos show how narrowly rioters missed lawmakers</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/-EQGx4Q9DdX7gYgfBH-OtSJFews=/320x0:1280x720/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68801229/Impeachment_Trial_of_Former_President_Trump___Feb._10__2021___12_00_05_PM__4_.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
CSPAN
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Security footage shows just how close Capitol rioters got to lawmakers and staffers.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cr7j1X">
House impeachment managers — using previously unseen security footage from the US Capitol and a map of the building — revealed how close rioters came to confronting staffers and lawmakers on January 6, underscoring the threat that insurrectionists posed to everyone there.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zVsbR9">
These clips, shown during Democrats’ eight hours of argument in former President Donald Trump’s second impeachment trial Wednesday, revealed a series of near misses. Some of the most shocking included the moment when Sen. Mitt Romney (R-UT) nearly ran into attackers, and another when rioters almost found a group of eight staffers hiding in Speaker Nancy Pelosi’s office.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xgPuEP">
In one clip, Romney is seen trying to leave the Senate chamber only to inadvertently walk in the direction of the incoming rioters. Capitol Police officer Eugene Goodman happens to run into him and directs him to sprint the other way.
</p>
<div id="1duFFG">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
WATCH: New footage shows Officer Eugene Goodman rush Sen. Mitt Romney away from the rioters <a href="https://t.co/rnCk9EvEDw">https://t.co/rnCk9EvEDw</a> <a href="https://t.co/iIJIkV5VBJ">pic.twitter.com/iIJIkV5VBJ</a>
</p>
— Yahoo News (<span class="citation" data-cites="YahooNews">@YahooNews</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/YahooNews/status/1359616277338275841?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 10, 2021</a>
</blockquote></div></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zmQXyt">
As Del. Stacey Plaskett (D-Virgin Islands) emphasized, the narrowness of such encounters matters because there were rioters present who seemed eager to do bodily harm to officials including Pelosi and then-Vice President Mike Pence.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JOUNqj">
“We know from the rioters themselves that if they had found Speaker Pelosi, they would have killed her,” she said, <a href="https://twitter.com/EmmaKinery/status/1359619025060429828">referring to statements</a> that people had made about their intentions in the Capitol. Lawmakers including Romney, as well as other Republicans who refused to contest the certification of the election results, have also been the subject of significant blowback from Trump supporters, and may have been targets of violence, too.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tlZGg5">
<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/capitol-insurrection-could-have-been-deadlier-experts-say-2021-1">There’s been previous reporting</a> about how much worse the attack on the Capitol could have been given the zip ties and weapons that rioters brought with them — and these new videos were a stark illustration of just how close a call it was.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EvKuHH">
Democrats have emphasized the staggering consequences of the January 6 attack, during which five people died. And in their first of two days of arguments, they highlighted how the rioters had the potential to hurt even more people.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Bu5ZA4">
“We all know that awful day could have been so much worse,” said Rep. Eric Swalwell (D-CA). “You know how close you came to the mob. Some of you I understand could hear them, but most of the public does not know how close these rioters came to you.”
</p>
<h3 id="D365dL">
Security footage and a map revealed how close rioters got to lawmakers
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0yDxbg">
In a compelling series of arguments that included internal security tapes from the Capitol juxtaposed with videos posted by the protesters, Plaskett and Swalwell demonstrated how quickly rioters broke into the Capitol and moved toward lawmakers in the House and Senate chambers.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pqFNuI">
In one of the security clips Plaskett played, rioters approached the Senate chamber as Pence and his family were beginning to evacuate — and came close to their location. Around the same time, Trump was still disparaging Pence for refusing to challenge the election results, spurring his supporters to attack the vice president.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xIEDLo">
“The mob was looking for Vice President Pence — because of his patriotism,” Plaskett said.
</p>
<div id="X2rjyp">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
Wow. Security footage I haven’t seen before lays out just how close the Trump mob came to having an opportunity to get their hands on Mike Pence <a href="https://t.co/apUGBnwcte">pic.twitter.com/apUGBnwcte</a>
</p>
— Aaron Rupar (<span class="citation" data-cites="atrupar">@atrupar</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/atrupar/status/1359619504549068808?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 10, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="A1sEM5">
Another video shows that rioters eager to find Pelosi almost stumbled upon a group of staffers hiding in her office. After they overtook the office, attackers were milling in one of the hallways and banging on doors, including the room where staffers had barricaded. Upon breaking into the room and encountering another door, the attacker in question leaves.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fRWHUe">
“You can hear the terror in their voices as they describe what’s happening to them as they are barricaded in the conference room,” Plaskett said, while sharing audio from the staffers.
</p>
<div id="jkm6DD">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
Newly released security video shows several Speaker Pelosi staffers rushing into a room in which they’d barricade themselves.<br/><br/>7 minutes later, Capitol rioters attempt to enter the room.<br/><br/>“They’re pounding on doors trying to find” Speaker Pelosi, one staffer is heard whispering. <a href="https://t.co/1Xj9UxMzdQ">pic.twitter.com/1Xj9UxMzdQ</a>
</p>
— NBC News (<span class="citation" data-cites="NBCNews">@NBCNews</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/NBCNews/status/1359621569497202693?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 10, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NvPpFY">
Swalwell, too, highlighted close encounters that lawmakers had, playing video that showed senators evacuating just down the hall from the mob. “You were just 58 steps away from where the mob was amassing and where police were rushing to stop them,” he told the assembled witnesses-turned-jurors.
</p>
<div id="m2rQp0">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
Absolutely stunning how close the rioters came to senators; new footage shows they were 58 steps away from senators as they were being evacuated. Schumer and his detail literally turned around and ran in the opposite direction as the mob was nearby <a href="https://t.co/dUlcsNnaSB">pic.twitter.com/dUlcsNnaSB</a>
</p>
— Manu Raju (<span class="citation" data-cites="mkraju">@mkraju</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/mkraju/status/1359627806431473666?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 10, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QsvcLr">
Footage also underscored how now-Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer nearly encountered rioters while evacuating. It captures him running in one direction and abruptly turning around after seeing people ahead. “They came within just two yards of the rioters,” said Swalwell.
</p>
<div id="ydSfmJ">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
Newly released security video shows then-Senate Minority Leader Schumer being escorted down a hallway by his security details and then turning around and being rushed in the opposite direction. <br/><br/>Officers then barricade themselves against the door. <a href="https://t.co/Nd6os6bKV7">pic.twitter.com/Nd6os6bKV7</a>
</p>
— NBC News (<span class="citation" data-cites="NBCNews">@NBCNews</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/NBCNews/status/1359627453992476673?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 10, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="omH3vg">
Taken together, the videos indicated how narrowly lawmakers escaped from the Capitol attack — and underscored the violence that police endured while trying to protect them from it.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xnhbOo">
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4iIUBq">
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TRHmg4">
</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Who is responsible for what happened to Britney Spears?</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/q6aenW2XqI9NDPb_iYg99eHpkBo=/0x212:1800x1562/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68800927/103028330.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Britney Spears, surrounded by paparazzi, at Hyde Lounge Los Angeles on November 27, 2006. | Henry Flores, Ken Katz/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
We’re all complicit in what happened to Britney. But some of us more so than others.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RaydwP">
In the wake of the New York Times documentary <em>Framing Britney Spears</em>, a new conversation is building around the pop star and her legacy.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Jijk6G">
It is slowly becoming conventional wisdom that the way mainstream media talked about Britney Spears in 2007, as she went through a public breakdown, was inappropriate and wrong. Major news outlets called Spears fat, slut-shamed her, reprinted paparazzi upskirt shots, and mocked her for her increasingly erratic public behavior. Most of us are comfortable now saying that this treatment was unjust, that it hurt a human being when she was at her most vulnerable, and that it contributed to the circumstances that left Spears locked in the <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/21328341/britney-spears-conservatorship-explained-free-britney">conservatorship</a> that controls both Spears’s finances and her personal life.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WZgFcG">
But now a new question develops: Just how much responsibility do we all bear for the way Spears was treated?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3tHNa0">
“Lots of virtuous folks on here pretending they didn’t read Perez Hilton or Us Weekly’s abusive coverage of Britney religiously in 2005,” <a href="https://twitter.com/marareinstein/status/1359302542174339072?s=21">tweeted the comedian Billy Eichner</a> after the documentary debuted on Hulu on February 5. “We are all to blame.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EFB0ji">
“I admit I wrote many of those Us Weekly cover stories back in the day,” replied current <a href="https://twitter.com/marareinstein/status/1359302542174339072?s=21">Us Weekly film critic Mara Reinstein</a>. “Trust me, we wouldn’t have kept reporting out the saga if public interest weren’t rampant. Everyone is complicit to varying degrees.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="S2ELyX">
Some of the figures who are interviewed in <em>Framing Britney Spears</em> make similar arguments onscreen. Daniel Ramos, the paparazzo whose car Spears famously beat with an umbrella, notes that he was drawn to his work by the wealth made available to him by photographing Spears. “It sucks you in,” he says, “and it’s hard to get out of it once you start making the kind of money that these guys were making.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hhpW2S">
Photographs of Spears at the height of her fame could sell for up to $1 million each. And the reason they commanded such a hefty price tag was that there was a demand for them — because all of us, the people living in the society, the people who read Us Weekly and Perez Hilton (I didn’t, maybe you didn’t either, but I mean the general “us” here) wanted them. When Reinstein and Eichner and Ramos argue that they weren’t personally victimizing Spears but merely giving the people what they wanted, there’s a certain amount of truth to what they’re saying. They were working within a system of incentives and consumption that they did not build.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yW31OU">
But it also remains the case that it was well within the capabilities of people like Reinstein and Ramos to stop working with that system, even if they did not build it. And it is sheer revisionist history to suggest that no one knew that the way the mainstream media talked about Spears was wrong at the time.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Fya3Yu">
“We’re not innocent here,” wrote <a href="https://jezebel.com/in-defense-of-the-badly-behaved-britney-spears-290011">Anna Holmes, founder of the pop feminist blog Jezebel</a>, of Spears in 2007. “We’ve been complicit in the frenzy that has enveloped Britney Spears. Day after day, week after week, we taunt her, question her, suggest she could <a href="https://jezebel.com/britney-spears-needs-a-makeover-almost-as-bad-as-she-ne-289659">benefit from a lobotomy</a> and <a href="https://jezebel.com/britney-spears-mixes-up-her-stanley-kubrick-visual-meta-287313">gleefully compare</a> paparazzo shots of her to the troubled protagonists of two classic Stanley Kubrick movies. Maybe we do this because we think it is funny, or because it is expected, or because … we have minutes, not hours or days, in which to prepare and present our thoughts about her. Or maybe we are just unoriginal assholes.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="w5NSmv">
It was entirely possible to recognize that the way powerful conversation-driving people talked about Spears circa 2007 was messed up. Many of the people doing the talking recognized it. They just kept talking anyway.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mbuqkc">
And all of us are complicit in that fact because all of us are part of the system of incentives that paid those powerful people a lot of money to keep talking about Spears. It’s the same way all of us are complicit in climate change just by being alive on this planet in this time.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KAMb4h">
Yet it is also true that while all of us bear some responsibility for climate change, most of <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2017/jul/10/100-fossil-fuel-companies-investors-responsible-71-global-emissions-cdp-study-climate-change">climate change is the result of decisions made by about 100 CEOs</a> whose names we know. And while all of us bear some responsibility for what happened to Britney, most of what happened to her is the result of the decisions made by<strong> </strong>powerful media figures who kept mocking her and photographing her regardless of the clear consequences to her mental health. They did not build the system in which they were working, but they had agency within that system regardless.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sfKDFP">
All of us are complicit. But some of us are more complicit than others.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CCWVf0">
<em>Framing Britney Spears</em> makes that fact especially clear in its interview with Ramos, who explains that since he spent so many years photographing Spears, he got to know her pretty well, and they had a great working relationship. We see repeated clips of him shouting, “Britney, are you okay? Britney, I’m worried about you,” as he photographs Spears, while she curls in on herself and glares out at him through her car’s windshield, lit up in the flash of his camera.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="D7R3Ot">
But he would have stopped following around and photographing the woman who would eventually beat his car with an umbrella out of utter rage at his presence, Ramos insists, if he had any indication she wanted him to. “Working on her for so many years,” he says, “she never gave a clue or information to us that ‘I would appreciate you guys leave me the eff alone.’”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NHt9xd">
“What about when she said, ‘Leave me alone?’” asks the interviewer.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="e37KAW">
“There were times when she [was] like, ‘Can you leave me alone <em>for the day</em>?’” Ramos says. “But it wasn’t like, ‘Leave me alone <em>forever</em>.’ You know what I mean?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rDlrLi">
Ramos does not exist in a vacuum, and his personal choices probably would not have been enough to change Spears’s life or protect her from abusive media coverage. But he had ample information to know that she didn’t appreciate being followed, and plenty of time and space to choose to stop following her, however good the payout for following her was. He’s an arm of the media — just an arm — and what happened to Spears makes it painfully clear that the media can cause harm when it chooses to.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wD7Uev">
The media is only as valuable an institution as those who work in it choose to make it. For members of the press who opted to profit from Spears’s spiral, claiming that she should have simply screamed her many cries for help in a louder voice is almost as bad a look now as that abusive coverage was 14 years ago.
</p></li>
<li><strong>The House impeachment managers’ case against Trump, summarized in 500 words</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="Second Impeachment Trial Of Donald Trump Begins In Senate" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/HzVm31lMHpMCV8pw3Y26oJKxIRs=/200x0:1560x1020/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68800863/1231082021.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Rep. Jamie Raskin (R-MD) speaks on the Senate floor on Wednesday. | Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“The case is much worse than someone who falsely shouts ‘fire’ in a crowded theater.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ret7ef">
The Democratic case against Donald Trump during his second impeachment trial on Wednesday aimed at establishing one central thesis: that the January 6 Capitol insurrection wasn’t some random outburst of violence — it was an effort to overthrow democracy the then-president spent months cultivating.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VHkjIQ">
Republican defenders of Trump have tried to distance him from the insurrection by arguing he had nothing to do with its planning, and delivered a speech just before it that was basically a normal political speech. House Democrats tried to convict Trump on an incitement charge by debunking both of those claims on Wednesday.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KFR0YY">
Rep. Joe Neguse (D-CO) detailed how Trump laid the groundwork for trying to overthrow the election even before November 3 by creating a “<a href="https://twitter.com/atrupar/status/1359559636882518021">no lose</a>” situation in which he repeatedly insisted he could only lose if the election was stolen from him. At the same time, Trump glorified the harassment of his opponents — including, in an October 31 tweet that received attention on Wednesday from Del. Stacey Plaskett (D-Virgin Islands), by lauding fans of his in Texas who tried to run a Biden-Harris bus off the road.
</p>
<div id="7qQYmc">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
A real tweet that was posted by the President of the United States <a href="https://t.co/V4GJqEDVBB">pic.twitter.com/V4GJqEDVBB</a>
</p>
— Aaron Rupar (<span class="citation" data-cites="atrupar">@atrupar</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/atrupar/status/1359591759043579905?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 10, 2021</a>
</blockquote></div></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="14svLh">
Rep. Joaquin Castro (D-TX) detailed how, as it became clear in the days following November 3 that Biden had won, Trump encouraged unruly “Stop the Steal” protests that presaged the January 6 insurrection.
</p>
<div id="bX8Wh6">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
A video clip during Castro’s presentation illustrates how some of the November “stop the steal” protests in Michigan, Arizona, and elsewhere presaged the January 6 insurrection <a href="https://t.co/JVd03QwGGN">pic.twitter.com/JVd03QwGGN</a>
</p>
— Aaron Rupar (<span class="citation" data-cites="atrupar">@atrupar</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/atrupar/status/1359566580263358468?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 10, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LLjK4H">
Instead of trying to tamp down tensions, the Trump campaign instead spent millions on “Stop the Steal” ads that ran until January 5, recounted Rep. Eric Swalwell (D-CA).
</p>
<div id="V1vGb2">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
Swalwell points out that Trump spent $50 million on national “STOP THE STEAL!” ads that ran until January 5 – the day before the insurrection <a href="https://t.co/ZKVMaG22d4">pic.twitter.com/ZKVMaG22d4</a>
</p>
— Aaron Rupar (<span class="citation" data-cites="atrupar">@atrupar</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/atrupar/status/1359570476109078535?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 10, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nYp9kI">
At the same time, Trump repeatedly urged his supporters to turn out in DC on January 6 for a “wild” protest. As Plaskett explained, his team even got directly involved in the permitting process for the January 6 event, helping organizers <a href="https://twitter.com/atrupar/status/1359597313124106245">get permission</a> to march to the Capitol.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Lmwc4y">
“The truth is President Trump spent months calling his supporters to a march on a specific day, in a specific time, in a specific place, to stop the certification,” Plaskett said. “That is why he must be convicted and disqualified.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BAoZ0g">
Once his followers were gathered in DC, Trump delivered a speech to them in which he mentioned “fighting” more than 20 times, only <a href="https://www.vox.com/22220746/trump-speech-incite-capitol-riot">once in passing</a> urging them to remain peaceful. Videos that impeachment managers played to senators on Wednesday showed how Trump followers reacted to Trump’s speech by chanting things like “Take the Capitol!” and “Storm the Capitol!”
</p>
<div id="bdnpCC">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
I hadn’t seen this video of Trump fans responding to his January 6 by yelling, “Take the Capitol!” and “Storm the Capitol!” <a href="https://t.co/jcJTJJ3s7I">pic.twitter.com/jcJTJJ3s7I</a>
</p>
— Aaron Rupar (<span class="citation" data-cites="atrupar">@atrupar</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/atrupar/status/1359602567186173953?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 10, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WHRfib">
Summarizing the impeachment managers’ case, Rep. Jamie Raskin (D-MD) described Trump’s actions as “much worse than someone who falsely shouts ‘fire’ in a crowded theater. It’s more like a case where the town fire chief … sends a mob not to yell ‘fire’ in a crowded theater, but to actually set the theater on fire.”
</p>
<div id="TamtCe">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
Raskin: “This case is much worse than someone who falsely shouts fire in a crowded theater. It’s more like like a case where the town fire chief, who’s paid to put out fires, sends a mob not to yell fire in a crowded theater, but to actually set the theater on fire.” <a href="https://t.co/wj61BjDMaX">pic.twitter.com/wj61BjDMaX</a>
</p>
— Aaron Rupar (<span class="citation" data-cites="atrupar">@atrupar</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/atrupar/status/1359554841056595976?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 10, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="38VWUp">
Alluding to Republican arguments trying to absolve Trump, Rep. Madeleine Dean (D-PA) <a href="https://twitter.com/atrupar/status/1359604548059467786">said</a>, “The truth is, this attack never would have happened but for Donald Trump. And so they came, draped in Trump’s flag, and used our flag, the American flag, to batter and bludgeon.”
</p>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Divij Sharan, Ankita Raina bow out Australian Open doubles with respective partners</strong> - Divij and his Slovakian partner Igor Zelenay lost 1-6 4-6 against the German combination of Yannick Hanfmann-Kevin Krawietz in the first round match</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Tokyo 2020 President Mori to resign over sexist comments: media</strong> - Mori’s comments drew sharp comments on social media and in parliament, with opposition lawmakers demanding his resignation.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Australian Open | Defending champion Sofia Kenin loses in 2nd round</strong> - She loses to 65th-ranked Kanepi, hardly an underdog</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Copa del Rey: Sevilla beats Barcelona in Messi’s 900th game</strong> - Barcelona lost 2-0 in Seville in the first leg of the Copa del Rey semifinals.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>In-form Cosmos for South India St. Leger</strong> - The Bangalore challenger Cosmos, who is in rousing form, may extend his winning streak in the South India St. Leger (2,800m), the last Classic of the</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Farmers plan ‘mahapanchayat’ on Feb. 18</strong> - The Rashtriya Kisan Maha Sangh, the farmers’ coordination committee spearheading the agitation against farm laws in New Delhi, will orgainse a ‘mahap</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Punjab Minister asks NCW to intervene for Nodeep Kaur</strong> - Medical examination of jailed 23-year-old protester revealed injuries to her body and private parts</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Supreme Court refuses plea on fake COVID-19 vaccines</strong> - ‘ …We cannot pass general directions. Please bring a concrete case,’ says CJI</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Imphal churches ordered to vacate</strong> - No church among regularised locations of 188 places of worship, says church leader</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Odisha Lokayukta orders probe into substandard food served to children</strong> - Activists complain of poor quality, lesser quantity of ICDS supplements handed out in Malkangiri district</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Covid-19: Kent virus variant ‘on course to sweep world’</strong> - The expert heading the UK’s genetic surveillance says research into strains will go into the 2030s.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Finland snow art: Locals create giant pattern on golf course</strong> - An amateur artist and volunteers create possibly the largest snow-drawing the country has ever seen.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Brexit: Preserving NI protocol is ‘the only way’ forward, warns EU</strong> - The European Commission’s vice-president says “swift solutions” must be found to “teething problems” in trade.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Brexit: London loses out as Europe’s top share trading hub</strong> - Amsterdam ousts London in the wake of Brexit changes, as the Bank of England warns over EU financial rules.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Shell: Europe’s biggest oil firm sets out carbon neutral plans</strong> - Royal Dutch Shell sets out plan to be net zero by 2050, with big investments in hydrogen and biofuels.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Adventures in vim: Lee and Jim figure out how to change comment colors</strong> - Stop me if you’ve heard this one: two senior sysadmins walk into a ~/.vimrc … - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1741229">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Disney fires Mandalorian’s Gina Carano over “abhorrent, unacceptable” posts</strong> - Report claims that pressure had mounted for months: “Today was the final straw.” - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1741349">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>CDC study backs mask doubling with exposure to risky particles down 83%</strong> - Data has lots of caveats, but it’s not a bad idea to up your mask game. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1741337">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A lithium-ion upgrade for your car, but not the one you’re expecting</strong> - We try out a 12V lithium-ion battery upgrade for your car. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1741223">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Breached water plant employees used the same TeamViewer password and no firewall</strong> - Shortcomings illustrate the lack of security rigor in critical infrastructure environments. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1741283">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>A mother hears a humming sound from her daughter’s bedroom and walks in.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Finding her daugher sitting on the bed using her vibrator she asked, “What are you doing?!”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“I’m a 35 year old woman living with my parents. This is the closest I’ll ever get to a husband,” replies the daughter.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The mother silently leaves the room. The next day, the father hears a humming sound in the living and sees the daughter with her vibrator.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“What are you doing??“ he asks her. She gives him the same reply and the father leaves her to it.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Later in the evening, the mother hears the noise again and goes to see where its coming from. Her husband is sitting alongside the vibrator. She asks him what he’s doing.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
He replies, “What does it look like? I’m watching the game with my son in law.”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/MiserableStress2"> /u/MiserableStress2 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lheosz/a_mother_hears_a_humming_sound_from_her_daughters/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lheosz/a_mother_hears_a_humming_sound_from_her_daughters/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>A man and his girlfriend are getting undressed together for the first time.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A man and his girlfriend are getting undressed together for the first time
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The man took off his shoes and socks revealing feet with missing and deformed toes. “What happened to your feet?” his girlfriend asked. “I had a childhood disease called Tolio” the man said. “Don’t you mean Polio?” “No, Tolio, it only affects the toes.” Not wanting to ruin the mood the girlfriend pulled down his pants and revealed a severely discoloured pair of knees. “What happened to your knees?” she asked. “Well, I also had Kneesles” the man replied. “Don’t you mean measles?” “No, kneesles, it only affects the knees.” Again, not wanting to ruin the mood, she continued and pulled down his boxers before starting to laugh. Before the man could ask what was wrong the woman wiped a tear from here eye and said, “Wait, let me guess…..Smallcox?”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Quistis_Trepe"> /u/Quistis_Trepe </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lh8kb4/a_man_and_his_girlfriend_are_getting_undressed/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lh8kb4/a_man_and_his_girlfriend_are_getting_undressed/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>A girl promises to teach her boyfriend what 69ing is. He lies down on the floor and she squats down over his face to assume the position and farts. Embarrassed she stands up and apologizes. She squats down for another go but farts again,</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
she gets up and apologizes again. Before she can have a third go, her boyfriend gets up and goes to walk out saying “yeah this isn’t really for me, I’m not having 67 more of those in my face”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/YZXFILE"> /u/YZXFILE </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lgyfab/a_girl_promises_to_teach_her_boyfriend_what_69ing/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lgyfab/a_girl_promises_to_teach_her_boyfriend_what_69ing/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>“Mansplain” is a terrible word to use</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
because it has more letters than explain and is therefore more difficult for women to understand.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/theman250"> /u/theman250 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lh3co0/mansplain_is_a_terrible_word_to_use/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lh3co0/mansplain_is_a_terrible_word_to_use/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>A clearly inebriated, stark naked, woman jumps into the back of a NYC taxi cab…</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The old cab driver, opened his eyes wide &amp; began to state at her but made no attempt to start the cab.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The woman glared back &amp; said ’what’s wrong, honey? Haven’t you ever seen a naked woman before?"
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The old cabbie says" let me tell you something lady, I wasn’t staring at you like you think. That wouldn’t be proper’
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The woman giggled &amp; responded “well, if you’re not staring at my boobs or my butt, what are you doing then?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
He paused for a moment &amp; said “well, Miss, I’m looking &amp; I’m looking &amp; I’m just trying to figure out where the hell you’re keeping the money to pay for this ride”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/nthensome"> /u/nthensome </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lh7zts/a_clearly_inebriated_stark_naked_woman_jumps_into/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lh7zts/a_clearly_inebriated_stark_naked_woman_jumps_into/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
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