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<title>25 April, 2023</title>
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<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Organ-Specific Effects of 2-Deoxyglucose Treatment in Healthy Mice</strong> -
<div>
Objective: Glycolytic inhibition via 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) has potential therapeutic benefits for a range of diseases, including cancer, epilepsy, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and COVID-19, but the systemic effects of 2DG on gene function across different tissues are unclear. Methods: This study analyzed the transcriptional profiles of nine tissues from C57BL/6J mice treated with 2DG to understand how it modulates pathways systemically. Principal component analysis (PCA), weighted gene co-network analysis (WGCNA), analysis of variance, and pathway analysis were all performed to identify modules altered by 2DG treatment. Results: PCA revealed that samples clustered predominantly by tissue, suggesting that 2DG affects each tissue uniquely. Unsupervised clustering and WGCNA revealed six distinct tissue-specific modules significantly affected by 2DG, each with unique key pathways and genes. 2DG predominantly affected mitochondrial metabolism in the heart, while in the small intestine, it affected immunological pathways. Conclusions: These findings suggest that 2DG has a systemic impact that varies across organs, potentially affecting multiple pathways and functions. The study provides insights into the potential therapeutic benefits of 2DG across different diseases and highlights the importance of understanding its systemic effects for future research and clinical applications.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.24.537717v1" target="_blank">Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Organ-Specific Effects of 2-Deoxyglucose Treatment in Healthy Mice</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Health Literacy Game vs. Textbook: Gameplay Boosts Motivation and Emotional Engagement</strong> -
<div>
The promise of game-based learning relies on the assumption that games provide more engaging learning experiences compared to their traditional counterparts. To test this assumption, we compared the impact of a mobile health literacy game with textbook material in terms of situational interest, epistemic emotions, and satisfaction. Two hundred fifty-four Finnish students (M = 15.70 years, SD = 0.76) were randomly assigned to the game (n = 136) and textbook condition (n = 118). The game condition played Antidote COVID-19 mobile game, and the textbook condition read health-related content on Covid-19. Learning content was the same in both conditions. Situational interest was measured with a pre-and post-test whereas epistemic emotions and perceived satisfaction were only measured with a post-test. Our findings showed that situational interest increased significantly from pre- to post-test in the game condition. However, no significant change was observed in the textbook condition. Participants in the game condition also reported higher intensity of desired epistemic emotions like surprise, enjoyment, and confusion and a significantly lower intensity of undesired boredom than the textbook condition. Lastly, the game condition displayed significantly higher satisfaction with learning material than the textbook condition. Overall, these findings imply that students found the game more interesting and engaging than reading traditional textbook material. Further, the current findings indicate that utilizing game-based learning in health education might provide engaging ways to raise awareness of health issues by facilitating interest and relevant epistemic emotions that may elucidate, maintain and change personal beliefs on health topics.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/gef6h/" target="_blank">Health Literacy Game vs. Textbook: Gameplay Boosts Motivation and Emotional Engagement</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Researching COVID to enhance recovery (RECOVER) pregnancy study protocol: Rationale, objectives, and design</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Importance: Pregnancy induces unique physiologic changes to the immune response and hormonal changes leading to plausible differences in the risk of developing post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC), or Long COVID. Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy may also have long-term ramifications for exposed offspring, and it is critical to evaluate the health outcomes of exposed children. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Multi-site Observational Study of PASC aims to evaluate the long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in various populations. RECOVER-Pregnancy was designed specifically to address long-term outcomes in maternal-child dyads. Methods: RECOVER-Pregnancy cohort is a combined prospective and retrospective cohort that proposes to enroll 2,300 individuals with a pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic and their offspring exposed and unexposed in utero, including single and multiple gestations. Enrollment will occur both in person at 27 sites through the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Health Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network and remotely through national recruitment by the study team at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF). Adults with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy are eligible for enrollment in the pregnancy cohort and will follow the protocol for RECOVER-Adult including validated screening tools, laboratory analyses and symptom questionnaires followed by more in-depth phenotyping of PASC on a subset of the overall cohort. Offspring exposed and unexposed in utero to SARS-CoV-2 maternal infection will undergo screening tests for neurodevelopment and other health outcomes at 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 months of age. Blood specimens will be collected at 24 months of age for SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing, storage and anticipated later analyses proposed by RECOVER and other investigators. Discussion: RECOVER-Pregnancy will address whether having SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy modifies the risk factors, prevalence, and phenotype of PASC. The pregnancy cohort will also establish whether there are increased risks of adverse long-term outcomes among children exposed in utero.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.24.23289025v1" target="_blank">Researching COVID to enhance recovery (RECOVER) pregnancy study protocol: Rationale, objectives, and design</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Racial disparities, environmental exposures, and SARS-CoV-2 infection rates: A racial map study in the USA</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers mainly examined how socio-economic, demographic, and environmental factors are related to disparities in SARS-CoV-2 infection rates. However, we don9 know the extent to which racial disparities in environmental exposure are related to racial disparities in SARS-CoV-2 infection rates. To address this critical issue, we gathered black vs. white infection records from 1416 counties in the contiguous United States. For these counties, we used 30m-spatial resolution land cover data and racial mappings to quantify the racial disparity between black and white people9s two types of environmental exposure, including exposures to various types of landscape settings and urban development intensities. We found that racial disparities in SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and racial disparities in exposure to various types of landscapes and urban development intensities were significant and showed similar patterns. Specifically, less racial disparity in exposure to forests outside park, pasture/hay, and urban areas with low and medium development intensities were significantly associated with lower racial disparities in SARS-CoV-2 infection rates. Distance was also critical. The positive association between racial disparities in environmental exposures and racial disparity in SARS-CoV-2 infection rates was strongest within a comfortable walking distance (approximately 400m).
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.17.23288622v1" target="_blank">Racial disparities, environmental exposures, and SARS-CoV-2 infection rates: A racial map study in the USA</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>LONG-TERM PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON ADULTS IN ENGLAND: FOLLOW UP OF A LARGE RANDOM COMMUNITY SAMPLE</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is having a lasting impact on health and well-being. We compare current self-reported health, quality of life and symptom profiles for people with ongoing symptoms following COVID-19 to those who have never had COVID-19 or have recovered. Methods: A cohort study was established with participants from the REACT programme. A sample (N=800,000) of adults were contacted between August and December 2022 to complete a questionnaire about their current health and COVID-19 history. We used logistic regression to identify predictors of persistent symptoms lasting ≥12 weeks following COVID-19. We fitted Accelerated Failure Time models to assess factors associated with rate of recovery from persistent symptoms. Findings: Overall, 276,840/800,000 (34.6%) of invited participants completed the questionnaire. Median duration of COVID-related symptoms (N=130,251) was 1.3 weeks (inter-quartile range 6 days to 2 weeks), with 7.5% and 5.2% reporting ongoing symptoms ≥12 weeks and ≥52 weeks respectively. Female sex, having ≥1 comorbidity, more severe symptoms at time of COVID-19 and being infected when Wild-type variant was dominant were associated with higher probability of symptoms lasting ≥12 weeks. Longer time to recovery in those with persistent symptoms was found for females, people with comorbidities, living in more deprived areas, current smokers and for Wild-type compared to later variants. Mental health and health-related quality of life were significantly worse among participants with ongoing persistent COVID-19 symptoms compared with those who had never had COVID-19 or had recovered. Interpretation: Although COVID-19 is usually of short duration, some adults experience persistent and burdensome illness.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.24.23289043v1" target="_blank">LONG-TERM PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON ADULTS IN ENGLAND: FOLLOW UP OF A LARGE RANDOM COMMUNITY SAMPLE</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Deprivation effect on COVID-19 cases incidence and severity: a geo-epidemiological study in PACA region, France</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Introduction. The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, and its severity, is spatially heterogenous. At the individual level, the socioeconomic status (SES) profile is known to be associated with COVID-19 incidence and severity. The aim of this geo epidemiological study was to investigate the link between SES profile and potential confounders, and COVID-19 incidence and hospitalization rates, at a fine geographical scale. Methods. We analyzed COVID-19 incidence and severity during two epidemic waves between September 2020 and June 2021, in Provence Alpes Cotes d Azur, a 5 million inhabitants French region. The region is divided into sub-municipal areas that we have classified according to their SES profile. We then conducted a spatial analysis of COVID-19 indicators depending on SES profile, age structure, and health services provision. This analysis considered spatial autocorrelation between areas. Results. COVID-19 incidence rates in more deprived areas were similar to those in wealthiest ones. Hospitalization rates of COVID-19 cases in conventional care units were greater in more deprived vs wealthiest areas: Standardized Incidence Ratio (SIR) were respectively 1.34 [95% confidence interval 1.18 - 1.52] and 1.25 [1.13 - 1.38] depending on the epidemic wave. This gap was even greater regarding hospitalization rates of cases in critical care units: SIR = 1.64 [1.30 - 2.07] then 1.33 [1.14 - 1.55] depending on the epidemic wave. Hospitalization rates of COVID-19 cases in conventional care units were also greater in areas with high proportion of elderly people vs young people: SIR respectively 1.24 [1.11 - 1.38] and 1.22 [1.13 - 1.32] depending on the wave. Conclusion. Considering age structure and health services provision, a deprived SES profile is associated to a greater COVID-19 severity in terms of hospitals admissions, in conventional care units and in critical care units. This result implies targeting risk prevention efforts on these areas in pandemic situations and highlights the need to develop access to healthcare to deprived populations in anticipation of periods of crisis.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.18.23288723v1" target="_blank">Deprivation effect on COVID-19 cases incidence and severity: a geo-epidemiological study in PACA region, France</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 Infects Peripheral and Central Neurons Before Viremia, Facilitated by Neuropilin-1</strong> -
<div>
Neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19, acute and long-term, suggest SARS-CoV-2 affects both central and peripheral nervous systems. Although studies have shown olfactory and hematogenous entry into the brain and neuroinflammation, little attention has been paid to the susceptibility of the peripheral nervous system to infection or to alternative routes of CNS invasion. We show that neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system are susceptible to productive infection with SARS-CoV-2. Infection of K18-hACE2 mice, wild-type mice, golden Syrian hamsters, and primary neuronal cultures demonstrate viral RNA, protein, and infectious virus in peripheral nervous system neurons and satellite glial cells, spinal cord, and specific brain regions. Moreover, neuropilin-1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 neuronal infection. Our data show that SARS-CoV-2 rapidly invades and establishes a productive infection in the peripheral and central nervous system via direct invasion of neurons prior to viremia, which may underlie some cognitive and sensory symptoms associated with COVID-19.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.05.20.492834v2" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 Infects Peripheral and Central Neurons Before Viremia, Facilitated by Neuropilin-1</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Computationally restoring the potency of a clinical antibody against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants</strong> -
<div>
The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the promise of monoclonal antibody-based prophylactic and therapeutic drugs, but also revealed how quickly viral escape can curtail effective options. With the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in late 2021, many clinically used antibody drug products lost potency, including Evusheld and its constituent, cilgavimab. Cilgavimab, like its progenitor COV2-2130, is a class 3 antibody that is compatible with other antibodies in combination4 and is challenging to replace with existing approaches. Rapidly modifying such high-value antibodies with a known clinical profile to restore efficacy against emerging variants is a compelling mitigation strategy. We sought to redesign COV2-2130 to rescue in vivo efficacy against Omicron BA.1 and BA.1.1 strains while maintaining efficacy against the contemporaneously dominant Delta variant. Here we show that our computationally redesigned antibody, 2130-1-0114-112, achieves this objective, simultaneously increases neutralization potency against Delta and many variants of concern that subsequently emerged, and provides protection in vivo against the strains tested, WA1/2020, BA.1.1, and BA.5. Deep mutational scanning of tens of thousands pseudovirus variants reveals 2130-1-0114-112 improves broad potency without incurring additional escape liabilities. Our results suggest that computational approaches can optimize an antibody to target multiple escape variants, while simultaneously enriching potency. Because our approach is computationally driven, not requiring experimental iterations or pre-existing binding data, it could enable rapid response strategies to address escape variants or pre-emptively mitigate escape vulnerabilities.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.21.513237v2" target="_blank">Computationally restoring the potency of a clinical antibody against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Antibody Correlates of Protection for COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Associated with Reduced Outpatient Hospitalizations</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels associated with reduced hospitalization risk remain undefined. Our outpatient COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP), placebo-controlled trial observed SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels decreasing 22-fold from matched donor units into post-transfusion seronegative recipients. Unvaccinated recipients were jointly stratified by a) early or late transfusion (&lt; 5 or &gt;5 days from symptom onset) and b) high or low post-transfusion SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels (&lt; or &gt; geometric mean). Early treatment with high post-transfusion antibody levels reduced hospitalization risk-0/102 (0%) compared to all other CCP recipients-17/370 (4.6%; Fisher exact-p-0.03) and to all control plasma recipients-35/461 (7.6%; Fisher exact p-0.001). A similar donor upper/lower half antibody level and early late transfusion stratified analyses indicated significant hospital risk reduction. Pre-transfusion nasal viral loads were similar in CCP and control recipients regardless of hospitalization outcome. Therapeutic CCP should comprise the upper 30% of donor antibody levels to provide effective outpatient use for immunocompromised and immunocompetent outpatients.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.13.23288353v2" target="_blank">Antibody Correlates of Protection for COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Associated with Reduced Outpatient Hospitalizations</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Effect of face-covering use on adherence to other COVID-19 protective behaviours: a systematic review</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
During the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns were raised that face covering use may elicit risk compensation; a false sense of security resulting in reduced adherence to other protective behaviours such as physical distancing. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effect of face covering use on adherence to other COVID-19 related protective behaviours. Medline, Embase, PsychInfo, EmCare, medRxiv preprints, Research Square and WHO COVID-19 Research Database were searched. All primary research studies published from 1 January 2020 to 17th May 2022 which investigated the effect of face covering use on adherence to other protective behaviours in public settings during the COVID-19 pandemic were included. Papers were selected and screened in accordance with the PRISMA framework. Backwards and forwards citation searches of included papers were also conducted on 16th September 2022, with eligible papers published between 1st January 2020 and that date being included. A quality appraisal including risk of bias was assessed using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics’ Quality Criteria Checklist. This review is registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42022331961. 47 papers were included, with quality ranging from low to high. These papers investigated the effects of face covering use and face covering policies on adherence to six categories of behaviour: physical distancing; mobility; face-touching; hand hygiene; close contacts; and generalised protective behaviour. Results reveal no consistent evidence for or against risk compensation, with findings varying according to behaviour and across study types. There is a suggestion that face covering use might reduce face-touching and face covering mandates might increase mobility, though the lack of robust evidence means these are tentative claims. Evidence on the other protective behaviours is largely inconsistent, and therefore confident conclusions cannot be made in these areas. Any policy decisions related to face coverings must consider the inconsistencies and caveats in this evidence base.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.11.23288200v2" target="_blank">Effect of face-covering use on adherence to other COVID-19 protective behaviours: a systematic review</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Changes in hospital staff’ mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic: longitudinal results from the international COPE-CORONA study</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
This longitudinal study aimed to explore anxiety and depressive symptoms, individual resources, and job demands in a multi-country sample of 612 healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two online surveys were distributed to HCWs in seven countries (Germany, Andorra, Ireland, Spain, Italy, Romania, Iran) during the first (May-October 2020, T1) and the second (February-April 2021, T2) phase of the pandemic, assessing sociodemographic characteristics, contact with COVID-19 patients, anxiety and depressive symptoms, self-compassion, sense of coherence, social support, risk perception, and health and safety at the workplace. HCWs reported a significant increase in depressive and anxiety symptoms. HCWs with high depressive or anxiety symptoms at T1 and T2 reported a history of mental illness and lower self-compassion and sense of coherence over time. Risk perception, self-compassion, sense of coherence, and social support were strong independent predictors of depressive and anxiety symptoms at T2, even after controlling for baseline depressive or anxiety symptoms and sociodemographic variables. These findings pointed out that HCWs during the COVID-19 outbreak experienced a high burden of psychological distress. The mental health and resilience of HCWs should be supported during disease outbreaks by instituting workplace interventions for psychological support.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.20.23288855v1" target="_blank">Changes in hospital staff’ mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic: longitudinal results from the international COPE-CORONA study</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Integration of microbial and chemical synthesis for the efficient production of plitidepsin, a promising anticancer and antiviral agent</strong> -
<div>
Plitidepsin, a marine-derived anticancer medicine, is being tested in phase III clinical trials for treating COVID-19. However, the current supply of plitidepsin relies on laborious chemical synthesis processes. Here, we present a new approach that combines microbial and chemical synthesis to produce plitidepsin. We screened a Tistrella strain library to identify a high-yield didemnin B producer, and then introduced a second copy of the didemnin biosynthetic gene cluster into its genome, resulting in the highest yield of didemnin B reported in the literature. Next, we developed two straightforward chemical strategies to convert didemnin B to plitidepsin, one of which involved a one-step synthetic route giving over 90% overall yield. We also synthesized two new didemnin analogues and assessed their anticancer and antiviral activities. Our findings offer a practical and sustainable solution for producing plitidepsin and its derivatives, potentially expediting didemnin drug development.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.24.537896v1" target="_blank">Integration of microbial and chemical synthesis for the efficient production of plitidepsin, a promising anticancer and antiviral agent</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 Nonstructural Proteins 3 and 4 tune the Unfolded Protein Response</strong> -
<div>
Coronaviruses (CoV), including SARS-CoV-2, modulate host proteostasis pathways during infection through activation of stress-responsive signaling pathways such as the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). The UPR regulates protein translation, increases protein folding capacity and enhances endoplasmic reticulum (ER) biogenesis to alleviate ER stress caused by accumulation of misfolded proteins. CoVs depend on host machinery to generate large amounts of viral protein and manipulate ER-derived membranes to form double-membrane vesicles (DMVs), which serve as replication sites, making the UPR a key host pathway for CoVs to hijack. Despite the importance of CoV nonstructural proteins (nsps) in mediating replication, little is known about the role of nsps in modulating the UPR. We characterized the impact of SARS-CoV-2 nsp4, which is a key driver of DMV formation, on the UPR using quantitative proteomics. We find nsp4 preferentially activates the ATF6 and PERK branches of the UPR. Previously, we found an N-terminal truncation of nsp3 (nsp3.1) can suppress pharmacological activation of the ATF6 pathway. To determine how nsp3.1 and nsp4 might tune the UPR in concert, both proteins were co-expressed demonstrating that nsp3.1 does not suppress nsp4-mediated ATF6 activation but does suppress PERK activation. A meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection proteomics data reveals a time-dependent activation of PERK protein markers early in infection, which subsequently fades. This temporal regulation suggests a role for nsps tuning the PERK pathway to attenuate host translation beneficial for viral replication while avoiding later apoptotic signaling caused by chronic PERK activation. This work furthers our understanding of CoV-host proteostasis interactions and identifies potential areas to target for anti-viral therapies.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.22.537917v1" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 Nonstructural Proteins 3 and 4 tune the Unfolded Protein Response</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Mechanism of the Covalent Inhibition of Human Transmembrane Protease Serine 2 as an Original Antiviral Strategy</strong> -
<div>
The Transmembrane Protease Serine 2 (TMPRSS2) is a human enzyme which is involved in the maturation and post-translation of different proteins. In addition of being overexpressed in cancer cells, TMPRSS2 plays a further fundamental role in favoring viral infections by allowing the fusion of the virus envelope and the cellular membrane, notably in SARS-CoV-2. In this contribution we resort to multiscale molecular modeling to unravel the structural and dynamical features of TMPRSS2 and its interaction with a model lipid bilayer. Furthermore, we shed light into the mechanism of action of a potential inhibitor (Nafamostat), determining the free-energy profile associated with the inhibition reaction, and showing the facile poisoning of the enzyme. Our study, while providing the first atomistically resolved mechanism of TMPRSS2 inhibition, is also fundamental in furnishing a solid framework for further rational design targeting transmembrane proteases in a host-directed antiviral strategy.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.23.537985v1" target="_blank">Mechanism of the Covalent Inhibition of Human Transmembrane Protease Serine 2 as an Original Antiviral Strategy</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The enigma of the SARS-CoV-2 microcirculation dysfunction: evidence for modified endothelial junctions.</strong> -
<div>
Published evidence indicates that Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes endothelial cell (EC) injury in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Endothelial junctions (EJ) are crucial to maintain EC integrity and normal microvascular functions due to the adhesive properties of Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin to glue EC together. Here we report studies in vitro and in vivo that indicate VE-cadherin to be a target for cleavage by ACE2. We have identified that the extracellular domain of VE-cadherin contains these two amino acid sequences at the positions 256P-F257 and 321PMKP-325L for ACE2 substrate recognition. Incubation of purified sVE with ACE2 revealed a dose-dependent loss of immunoreactivity detected with an antibody directed against the Extracellular domain 1 (EC1) domain of sVE. We confirmed the presence of ACE2 on ECs using immunofluorescence studies, and by western blotting on ECs extracts. We also present evidence from patients with severe COVID-19 disease for a circulating form of ACE2. Its apparent molecular weight of 70 kDa is in agreement with a previously described extracellular form of ACE2 bearing the catalytic site of the ectopeptidase. Consistent with the experimental evidence for our hypothesis, the level of circulating soluble VE-cadherin fragments was increased in the blood of patients with severe COVID-19 disease. Further studies are needed to determine if increased circulating fragments of ACE2 and VE-cadherin may contribute to the future development of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome characterized by vascular endothelial injury, hypoxia, and inflammatory state.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.24.538100v1" target="_blank">The enigma of the SARS-CoV-2 microcirculation dysfunction: evidence for modified endothelial junctions.</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effectiveness and Safety of Quinine Sulfate as add-on Therapy for COVID-19 in Hospitalized Adults in Indonesia ( DEAL-COVID19 )</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Standard of Care + Quinine Sulfate;   Drug: Standard of Care<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Universitas Padjadjaran;   National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia;   Prodia Diacro Laboratories P.T.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety and Efficacy of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in Treating Chronic Cough After COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Long COVID-19 Syndrome<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: MSC-derived exosomes<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Huazhong University of Science and Technology;   REGEN-αGEEK (SHENZHEN) MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy and Safety of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir for Treating Omicron Variant of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Omicron Variant of COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Xiangao Jiang<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study of mRNA-1283.222 Injection Compared With mRNA-1273.222 Injection in Participants ≥12 Years of Age to Prevent COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: mRNA-1283.222;   Biological: mRNA-1273.222<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   ModernaTX, Inc.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Postoperative Sugammadex After COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   General Anesthesia;   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Sugammadex Sodium;   Drug: neostigmine 50µg/kg + glycopyrollate 0.01mg/kg<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Korea University Ansan Hospital<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of the RD-X19 Treatment Device in Individuals With Mild COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Device: RD-X19;   Device: Sham<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   EmitBio Inc.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Clinical Study for the Efficacy and Safety of Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b in Adult COVID-19 Patients With Comorbidities</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Ropeginterferon alfa-2b;   Procedure: SOC<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   National Taiwan University Hospital<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Assessment of Immunogenicity, Safety and Reactogenicity of a Booster Dose of Various COVID-19 Vaccine Platforms in Individuals Primed With Several Regimes.</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: SCB-2019/Clover;   Biological: AstraZeneca/Fiocruz;   Biological: Pfizer/Wyeth<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   D’Or Institute for Research and Education;   Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2/3 Study to Determine the Safety and Effectiveness of Azeliragon in the Treatment of Patients Hospitalized for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Azeliragon;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Salim S. Hayek<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>To Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Meplazumab in Treatment of Post-COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Post-COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: Meplazumab for injection;   Other: Normal saline<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Jiangsu Pacific Meinuoke Bio Pharmaceutical Co Ltd<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Cognitive-behavioral Therapy for Mental Disorder in COVID-19 Survivors</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Post Acute COVID-19 Syndrome<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale di Lecco<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy of Lactobacillus Paracasei PS23 for Patients With Post-COVID-19 Syndrome</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Post-COVID-19 Syndrome<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Dietary Supplement: PS23 heat-treated<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Mackay Memorial Hospital;   Bened Biomedical Co., Ltd.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Exploring the Effect of Video Interventions on Intentions for Continued COVID-19 Vaccination</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Vaccine Refusal;   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Behavioral: Informational Video;   Behavioral: Altruistic Video;   Behavioral: Individualistic Video<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Sir Mortimer B. Davis - Jewish General Hospital<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effect of Telerehabilitation Practice in Long COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Long COVID-19;   Long COVID;   Post COVID-19 Condition;   Post-COVID-19 Syndrome;   Post-COVID Syndrome<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Behavioral: Telerehabilitation;   Behavioral: Standard rehabilitation care<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Indonesia University<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Rehabilitation Treatment of Patients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Rehabilitation;   Pneumonia, Viral;   COVID-19;   Quality of Life<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Other: exercises;   Other: massage<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University;   MEDSI Clinical Hospital 1, ICU<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The human E3 ligase RNF185 is a regulator of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein</strong> - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) hijacks multiple human proteins during infection and viral replication. To examine whether any viral proteins employ human E3 ubiquitin ligases, we evaluated the stability of SARS-CoV-2 proteins with inhibition of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. Using genetic screens to dissect the molecular machinery involved in the degradation of candidate viral proteins, we identified human E3 ligase RNF185 as a regulator of protein stability for…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Production and optimization of novel Sphorolipids from Candida parapsilosis grown on potato peel and frying oil wastes and their adverse effect on Mucorales fungal strains</strong> - CONCLUSION: The findings demonstrated the potential application of the SLs produced economically from agricultural waste as an effective and safer alternative for the treatment of infection caused by black fungus.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Bioactive compounds from Huashi Baidu decoction possess both antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects against COVID-19</strong> - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an ongoing global health concern, and effective antiviral reagents are urgently needed. Traditional Chinese medicine theory-driven natural drug research and development (TCMT-NDRD) is a feasible method to address this issue as the traditional Chinese medicine formulae have been shown effective in the treatment of COVID-19. Huashi Baidu decoction (Q-14) is a clinically approved formula for COVID-19 therapy with antiviral and anti-inflammatory…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Design and statistical optimisation of emulsomal nanoparticles for improved anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of <em>N</em>-(5-nitrothiazol-2-yl)-carboxamido candidates: <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> studies</strong> - In this article, emulsomes (EMLs) were fabricated to encapsulate the N-(5-nitrothiazol-2-yl)-carboxamido derivatives (3a-3g) in an attempt to improve their biological availability and antiviral activity. Next, both cytotoxicity and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities of the examined compounds loaded EMLs (F3a-g) were assessed in Vero E6 cells via MTT assay to calculate the CC(50) and inhibitory concentration 50 (IC(50)) values. The most potent 3e-loaded EMLs (F3e) elicited a selectivity index of 18 with…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The effects and mechanisms of the anti-COVID-19 traditional Chinese medicine, Dehydroandrographolide from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall, on acute lung injury by the inhibition of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis</strong> - CONCLUSION: Deh from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall presented NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in a model of ALI through ROS-induced mitochondrial damage through inhibition of the Akt/Nrf2 pathway by PDPK1 ubiquitination. Therefore, it can be concluded that Deh may be a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of ALI in COVID-19 or other respiratory diseases.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antiviral activities of hemp cannabinoids</strong> - Hemp is an understudied source of pharmacologically active compounds and many unique plant secondary metabolites including more than 100 cannabinoids. After years of legal restriction, research on hemp has recently demonstrated antiviral activities in silico, in vitro, and in vivo for cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), and several other cannabinoids against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), human…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Prospecting native and analogous peptides with anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential derived from the trypsin inhibitor purified from tamarind seeds</strong> - The study aimed to prospect in silico native and analogous peptides with anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential derived from the trypsin inhibitor purified from tamarind seeds (TTIp). From the most stable theoretical model of TTIp (TTIp 56/287), in silico cleavage was performed for the theoretical identification of native peptides and generation of analogous peptides. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential was investigated through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation between the peptides and binding sites of…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Preventive and therapeutic benefits of nelfinavir in rhesus macaques and human beings infected with SARS-CoV-2</strong> - Effective drugs with broad spectrum safety profile to all people are highly expected to combat COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. Here we report that nelfinavir, an FDA approved drug for the treatment of HIV infection, is effective against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Preincubation of nelfinavir could inhibit the activity of the main protease of the SARS-CoV-2 (IC(50) = 8.26 μM), while its antiviral activity in Vero E6 cells against a clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2 was determined to be 2.93 μM (EC(50))….</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Role of Cytochrome P450 2C9 in COVID-19 Treatment: Current Status and Future Directions</strong> - The major human liver drug metabolising cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are downregulated during inflammation and infectious disease state, especially during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The influx of proinflammatory cytokines, known as a ‘cytokine storm’, during severe COVID-19 leads to the downregulation of CYPs and triggers new cytokine release, which further dampens CYP expression. Impaired drug metabolism, along with the inevitable co-administration of drugs or ’combination…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Rhinovirus-induced epithelial RIG-I inflammasome suppresses antiviral immunity and promotes inflammation in asthma and COVID-19</strong> - Rhinoviruses and allergens, such as house dust mite are major agents responsible for asthma exacerbations. The influence of pre-existing airway inflammation on the infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is largely unknown. We analyse mechanisms of response to viral infection in experimental in vivo rhinovirus infection in healthy controls and patients with asthma, and in in vitro experiments with house dust mite, rhinovirus and SARS-CoV-2 in human primary…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Kv1.3 blockade by ShK186 modulates CD4+ effector memory T-cell activity of patients with Granulomatosis with polyangiitis</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: Modulation of cellular effector function by ShK-186 may constitute a novel treatment strategy for GPA with high specificity and less harmful side effects.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Kinetics and ability of binding antibody and surrogate virus neutralization tests to predict neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant following BNT162b2 booster administration</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a significant drop in humoral immunity 6 months after booster administration. Anti-RBD IgG and Omicron sVNT assays were highly correlated and could predict neutralizing activity with moderate performance.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>MHC class I links with severe pathogenicity in C57BL/6N mice infected with SARS-CoV-2/BMA8</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our work shows that host MHC molecules play a crucial role in the pathogenicity differences of SARS-CoV-2/BMA8 infection. This provides a more profound insight into the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2, and contributes enlightenment and guidance for controlling the virus spread.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Discovery and structural characterization of monkeypox virus methyltransferase VP39 inhibitors reveal similarities to SARS-CoV-2 nsp14 methyltransferase</strong> - Monkeypox is a disease with pandemic potential. It is caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), a double-stranded DNA virus from the Poxviridae family, that replicates in the cytoplasm and must encode for its own RNA processing machinery including the capping machinery. Here, we present crystal structures of its 2’-O-RNA methyltransferase (MTase) VP39 in complex with the pan-MTase inhibitor sinefungin and a series of inhibitors that were discovered based on it. A comparison of this 2’-O-RNA MTase…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Synthesis of SARS-CoV-2 M<sup>pro</sup> inhibitors bearing a cinnamic ester warhead with <em>in vitro</em> activity against human coronaviruses</strong> - COVID-19 now ranks among the most devastating global pandemics in history. The causative virus, SARS-CoV-2, is a new human coronavirus (hCoV) that spreads among humans and animals. Great efforts have been made to develop therapeutic agents to treat COVID-19, and among the available viral molecular targets, the cysteine protease SARS-CoV-2 M^(pro) is considered the most appealing one due to its essential role in viral replication. However, the inhibition of M^(pro) activity is an interesting…</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Great Electrician Shortage</strong> - Going green will depend on blue-collar workers. Can we train enough of them before time runs out? - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/dept-of-energy/the-great-electrician-shortage">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Why Trump Is Beating DeSantis Among D.C. Republicans</strong> - A G.O.P. congressman discusses the Florida governor’s “electability” problems. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/why-trump-is-beating-desantis-among-dc-republicans">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Climate Solutions We Can’t Live Without</strong> - The climate crisis is full of interconnected problems—but some are more connected than others. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/annals-of-a-warming-planet/the-climate-solutions-we-cant-live-without">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Heat Shield for the Most Important Ice on Earth</strong> - Engineers might be able to protect Arctic ice by coating it with tiny glass bubbles. Should they? - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/the-control-of-nature/a-heat-shield-for-the-most-important-ice-on-earth">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Case for Climate Optimism, and Pragmatism, from John Podesta</strong> - The veteran political operative now has one of the nation’s top climate jobs. He speaks about the Willow oil-drilling project, the Inflation Reduction Act, and the Biden White House. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/a-case-for-climate-optimism-and-pragmatism-from-john-podesta">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>How to find your people</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="An abstract group of many people" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/Bo_WKRfC5Pmes45GaeAwbrgPc04=/334x0:5667x4000/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/72214293/GettyImages_1357830750.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Getty Images/iStockphoto
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
An adapted excerpt from Lane Moore’s You Will Find Your People: How to Make Meaningful Friendships as an Adult.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MWzITL">
I really thought I’d have friends by now. Don’t get me wrong, I have people I talk to who I really like. I have people I laugh with and see once every six months, people who text me and say we should do something soon, and we might even make plans, but then we each hope the other will cancel because we’re both tired. I have those, yes. But I really thought I’d have <em>friends </em>by now, in the way I understood friendship to mean as a child.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VjR8Q0">
My earliest memories from childhood are watching, in awe, the depictions of tight-knit friend groups in TV and movies. I’d watch them excitedly on-screen, as though it was a fortune teller showing me a glimpse into my future great-friend-having life. I always assumed that even if I didn’t have the friendships that I saw on TV at that very moment, once I became an adult, they would surely materialize. And maybe you did too.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OQjPO0">
As I got older, though, that didn’t turn out to be the case. It didn’t stop me from trying, though: I needed all these types of friends, because society told me I did, so I clung to the people I met who even remotely fit these descriptions like hard-won Girl Scout badges, no matter how unhealthy the dynamic was, as proof I could do it. I could be just like everyone else in this one way, since I couldn’t be like everyone else who had perfect families. (Please see my first book: <a href="https://bookshop.org/p/books/how-to-be-alone-if-you-want-to-and-even-if-you-don-t-lane-moore/6707992?gclid=CjwKCAjwov6hBhBsEiwAvrvN6DCaAOdlVrVCjd-K85iAqO28Wwann6I1Zg76UhPdiHbSQ6iJYtuASRoCVjIQAvD_BwE"><em>How to Be Alone</em></a>.) That was very much out of my hands. But friendships? I could do that. Contort myself to make a bunch of people like me and never leave? Can’t wait! There’s no way you could go wrong when that is your very upsetting view of friendship!
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4yFOcd">
Perhaps this was a self-fulfilling prophecy: Because this is what I thought friendship was, it always devolved into nightmare territory. As close as I’d get to having a best friend, the relationships were always short-lived. No matter how promising the beginning was, something would invariably throw a wrench into the intimacy I’d craved so deeply and needed like air. My junior high best friend decided we were both acting “too into each other” (we were into each other), so she ended the friendship. My high school best friend’s family moved far away, and I grieved the loss of her like a death. Replace, repeat, and never stop trying and then grieving, trying and then grieving.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QfMoDu">
We don’t teach people how to do this, how to create friendships, how to nurture them, how to choose better, and then when and how to end them if they’re not working. And because of that, so many of us are just fumbling around, hoping one day we’ll stumble into the friendships of our dreams because we want them, because we deserve them.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="B8MIsY">
Even if you ask someone how to do it, most people just tell you, “Join a club!” or “Join a gym!” But if you’re like me and you have no idea what kind of club you would join (a club for people obsessed with watching the same TV show over and over again? Those people are at home watching the same TV show over and over again) and either you already belong to a gym and you go there to exercise quietly and then leave, or you just really, really don’t want to join a gym, here are some places to start.
</p>
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<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/BMNAzJKWpe62YJfYYLZhbPxB1n8=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/24600957/YWFYP_Cover.jpg"/> <cite>Courtesy Abrams Image</cite>
</figure>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VpPZx4">
<strong>Message someone you constantly interact with online. </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GBpG2c">
If you’re on social media or in any groups online, odds are you have someone who always replies to you, sends you messages, or likes all your posts. These are a lot of subtle interactions that could easily turn into “dude, we should be friends maybe?” messages. So why not try?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="b50EwB">
<strong>Write to a mutual friend who you’ve always felt like you’d get along with. </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ROPGDD">
You already have your friend in common, so it’s worth it to see if you’d get along when it’s just the two of you. I once knew a guy who had really cool friends, but honestly I was not that into the guy himself. One day, I ran into some of his friends on the subway and it turns out they all thought I was really awesome and also didn’t like that other guy. It was a beautiful moment.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JydIV1">
<strong>Go to shows or restaurants alone. </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="z66JZ9">
I can’t tell you how often I’ve heard people tell me they came to my comedy shows by themselves and met really cool people they became friends with. And if the idea of this terrifies you, it’s so helpful to see this less as, “Oh no, I’m gonna look like a loser who is alone” and more like, “What if I meet another cool person who is also there alone and we bond, and because I went alone, I created space for that to happen?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="whKVn4">
<strong>Make plans outside of work with that coworker who you think is cool. </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mCxLdO">
I once worked with a woman who was basically my best friend in the office and then, one day, it dawned on me: Who says she couldn’t be my best friend in general? And lucky for me, she was just as hilarious and fun outside of work, if not more so.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uLdM5e">
<strong>Reach out to someone you only see in drinking situations to do something non-drinking during the day. </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AT4cib">
Cool Drunk Sara is also probably Cool Sober Sara Who Loves Getting Tapas After Work. You won’t know until you try.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ouX1RV">
<strong>Invite your friends’ significant others to stuff. </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AWMr2f">
This can be touchy depending on the situation, so obviously don’t do this if you know it could pose a problem, but if you think your friend’s girlfriend is really cool and there’s a possible friendship there, go for it and see if you’re right.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1f1T5b">
<strong>Go to a dog park. </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fy8OxN">
Dog or not, dog parks are such great ways to meet other really friendly people (well, mostly, sometimes there is someone there who is such a dick and you’re like, “Why are you bringing this energy to such a holy place? Why?”), and worst case, you get to play with dogs. But in general, dogs are such a great icebreaker. When I’m with my dog, I meet multiple people every day who are extremely kind and cool to chat with. We might not become best friends just because our dogs played together for 10 minutes, but it can satisfy that need for connection in a really beautiful way.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kgX3DB">
<strong>Try putting more effort into the friendships you have. </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3YkC8v">
It can be easy to think your current friends aren’t good enough for you or not giving you the things you want in the relationship and you should find new people, and sometimes that’s true. But before you go off thinking it’s not you, it’s them (which it might be!), try reaching out, and communicating, and putting some more effort in and see if that helps things.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RrpEYq">
<strong>Encourage yourself to make/keep plans with your friends, even though sitting inside alone watching friendships on TV seems way better. </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Y3nvhP">
Sometimes you genuinely need to recharge and reschedule, which I fully encourage, but other times I need to remind myself to actually keep plans and take a chance that this might be exactly what I needed, even if solitude seems safer. And then I come home feeling so happy that I took the risk and left my cocoon for a bit.
</p>
<hr class="p-entry-hr" id="OCgfjN"/>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LkGr8k">
Does all of this take more effort than sitting there waiting for your dream friends to show up like UPS packages? Yes. Is that scary because there might be rejection or disappointment? Yes. But often the only way for things to be different is for us to start doing things differently, and putting all that we’re learning into practice.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6kEchw">
Because you deserve to have friendships in which the conversation is easy, and you feel seen. You deserve to have those days where you get in the car, and you pick that person up, or they pick you up, and they got you a coffee exactly the way you like it, <em>aw thanks. </em>You deserve to pick up ice cream on the way because <em>oh man that place looks so good, you wanna stop? </em>And sing along to whatever’s on the radio, one hand out the window. And that is all it is. No asterisks, no fine print, just purely good.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8tg6MP">
You deserve to have friendships where there’s an equal give and take. Friends who understand you, and you have fun, true, silly little kid fun (even if, and especially if, you never got to truly have fun as a kid, because you were already basically an adult). Friends who allow and encourage you to have healthy boundaries, as they work to establish their own.
</p>
<p class="c-end-para" data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="u78FGB">
And then maybe what happens next isn’t tragic this time. Maybe it’s just good.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="twiFFc">
<em>Lane Moore is a writer, actor, comedian, and musician. She is the host of the show “</em><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.lanemoore.org_tinder-2Dlive_&amp;d=DwMGaQ&amp;c=7MSjEE-cVgLCRHxk1P5PWg&amp;r=K3OysPjapihGd3XjPRBuh7gL1yPrgKgJzffvEhj5_vY&amp;m=-re3z-7vJu7AP6SnnK-JXtpZVA5bcfN7r9v6kKM9sPwnh1Lbmi0XQrgsFfmMpC0N&amp;s=hfr86CCmkzxsRlScTCXb4rQ3f_D6ZyZN3P2QwaHHhRU&amp;e="><em>Tinder Live</em></a><em>” as well as the podcast</em> <a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.patreon.com_lanemoore&amp;d=DwMGaQ&amp;c=7MSjEE-cVgLCRHxk1P5PWg&amp;r=K3OysPjapihGd3XjPRBuh7gL1yPrgKgJzffvEhj5_vY&amp;m=-re3z-7vJu7AP6SnnK-JXtpZVA5bcfN7r9v6kKM9sPwnh1Lbmi0XQrgsFfmMpC0N&amp;s=KHbtaHWG3eULXuK1d9fQCIP2d6nD2t0vDSgALTf7UQI&amp;e=">I Thought It Was Just Me</a><em>. Her first book, </em><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.amazon.com_gp_product_1501178830_ref-3Das-5Fli-5Ftl-3Fie-3DUTF8-26camp-3D1789-26creative-3D9325-26creativeASIN-3D1501178830-26linkCode-3Das2-26tag-3Dlights07c-2D20-26linkId-3D47830d8ad0b8ca971e9bb6990ff9f482&amp;d=DwMGaQ&amp;c=7MSjEE-cVgLCRHxk1P5PWg&amp;r=K3OysPjapihGd3XjPRBuh7gL1yPrgKgJzffvEhj5_vY&amp;m=-re3z-7vJu7AP6SnnK-JXtpZVA5bcfN7r9v6kKM9sPwnh1Lbmi0XQrgsFfmMpC0N&amp;s=Ixs7A6cDodzkKgb9PyftG3pyDhHR43M5m3xak5Ofy8Q&amp;e=">How to Be Alone: If You Want To, and Even If You Don’t</a><em>, was published in 2018. Her second book, </em><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.amazon.com_dp_1419762567_ref-3Dcm-5Fsw-5Fr-5Fas-5Fgl-5Fapi-5Fgl-5Fi-5FRC3VTE3DRYJTG09QDKC2-3FlinkCode-3Dml1-26tag-3Dlights07c-2D20&amp;d=DwMGaQ&amp;c=7MSjEE-cVgLCRHxk1P5PWg&amp;r=K3OysPjapihGd3XjPRBuh7gL1yPrgKgJzffvEhj5_vY&amp;m=-re3z-7vJu7AP6SnnK-JXtpZVA5bcfN7r9v6kKM9sPwnh1Lbmi0XQrgsFfmMpC0N&amp;s=zyhr9LxiW_SQ-GMoGxHYePHXyOwTKDQJSIGJVn0az44&amp;e=">You Will Find Your People: How To Make Meaningful Friendships As An Adult</a><em>, from which this piece was adapted, is out now from Abrams Image. She can be found online at </em><a href="https://twitter.com/hellolanemoore"><em><span class="citation" data-cites="hellolanemoore">@hellolanemoore</span></em></a><em>. </em>
</p></li>
<li><strong>The expensive, unrealistic, and extremely white world of “momfluencers”</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="An illustration shows problems in the relationship between mother and child." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/67gPoySDKbP-LvRUGPz0uVhwSro=/0x554:5750x4867/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/72214091/GettyImages_1370460356.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Getty Images/iStockphoto
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Author Sara Petersen on how a certain image of motherhood took over social media and makes moms feel bad.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DAmIsM">
The momfluencer has a perfect kitchen.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EbZ3j4">
Her dishes are washed, her <a href="https://sarapetersen.substack.com/">countertops are clean</a>, and her walls are a pristine landscape of eggshell white. Not coincidentally, she is also white. She is thin, able-bodied, young but not too young. She has somewhere between two and 10 kids. She puts her baby in a Moses basket, her toddler in an Uppababy stroller, and her older kids in <a href="https://doree.substack.com/p/the-whiteness-of-sad-beige">earth-toned separates</a> that match her own maxi dresses and wrap sweaters. All these products are expensive, but they can be discounted if you use her code.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="N6gy9B">
The momfluencer, obviously, is not a real person. She’s a construct, created by real mothers in the mid-aughts, in concert with tech companies and consumer brands, as a way of making a living on social media. Today, momfluencers are big business for advertisers, since women make the <a href="https://www.inc.com/amy-nelson/women-drive-majority-of-consumer-purchasing-its-time-to-meet-their-needs.html">majority of household purchasing decisions</a>, and moms in particular are often the ones choosing big-ticket items such as strollers and cribs. They also hold cultural importance — more than ever, they’re the ones communicating messages to the rest of us about what motherhood should look like.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RArTIr">
Sara Petersen, a New Hampshire-based writer and mother of three, has been following the rise of this unique brand of influencer for nearly 10 years, since, she says, “I had a newborn and a toddler and was simultaneously lured in by the rosy depictions of motherhood while also feeling like I was being sold a partial truth.” Her new book, <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/717406/momfluenced-by-sara-petersen/"><em>Momfluenced</em></a>, released this week, looks at how momfluencers became the economic force they are today; how their images and videos replicate the sexism, racism, and classism baked deep into American family life; and how their aestheticized version of parenthood has <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/22/opinion/influencers-moms-parenting.html">gotten inside our heads</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="y8HtoL">
I spoke with Petersen by phone about those issues and why we should all care about momfluencers, in a conversation that has been condensed and edited for clarity, and that was interrupted briefly by my sick 4-year-old, reminding us all of the messiness of real-life parenting.
</p>
<div class="c-float-left">
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/3XkDZpbQkYstT6vpU6MlXXHnFss=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/24596963/headshot__2.jpg"/> <cite>Courtesy of Sara Petersen</cite>
<figcaption>
Sara Petersen.
</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rTBo7r">
<strong>What is a momfluencer?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="siFKco">
The simplest definition is someone who has monetized her maternal identity on social media. I sort of broaden the definition to really explore anyone who performs motherhood on social media, whether they have 100,000 followers or 20 followers.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Zbsdcz">
We perform motherhood on various stages throughout our lives, but our performances on social media can be revealing in terms of what we perceive to be valuable about mothers and what we don’t perceive to be valuable about mothers.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5GWFVl">
<strong>Can you talk a little bit about the evolution of momfluencing? When did this start, and how did it progress to where it is now?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9P0R8q">
The early mommy bloggers like <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/4/25/18512620/dooce-heather-armstrong-depression-valedictorian-of-being-dead">Heather Armstrong</a>, <a href="https://www.elle.com/life-love/a29438763/natalie-lovin-mommy-blog-influencer/">Natalie Lovin</a> — that was the early- to mid-aughts — made money off of their blogs primarily by banner ads. A company would have an ad that they had already created, and pay the mommy blogger for them to just put the ad on the side of their blog. Their blogs were largely personal narrative-driven. They were word-heavy versus image-heavy. And often, they were really unvarnished. They opened up a lot of dialogues about maternal mental health, and about the struggles that mothers have always been experiencing, but that I don’t think had really been introduced to the mainstream.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tQ5fBO">
Once Instagram became a thing, many of these mommy bloggers transitioned to Instagram, which was very image-focused and dedicated to selling a certain aesthetic that often hinged on “authenticity.” It was very much about celebrating the beautiful in the everyday and making one’s life look like art. When that happened, you know, image was king, and the monetization model also changed. Some of the early mommy bloggers became savvy about how much marketing influence they were having on consumers and demanded to be paid for their work. And so now, the monetization model is centered on sponsored content, so a momfluencer can get paid to post, you know, two Instagram Stories, a reel, and a post about a baby carrier or whatever.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AiJcfR">
<strong>How big a part of the influencing economy more generally are momfluencers? Why do brands want moms?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rAwXZV">
One reason, in addition to just the sheer numbers of mothers on social media and numbers of women actively engaging with social media on a daily basis, is the fact that motherhood encompasses so many consumer categories. You can sell moms couches, you can sell them vacuums, you can sell them <a href="https://annehelen.substack.com/p/unpacking-the-nap-dress">nap dresses</a>, you can sell them diapers, you can sell them books about child-rearing. Almost everything in contemporary life can be directly linked to becoming a “good mother.” Many of us roll into motherhood completely unprepared and relatively clueless about it and we certainly don’t have many systemic supports in this country. As a result, I think many of us are understandably looking for ways to make motherhood easier or ways to do motherhood “right.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QDYAck">
<strong>Can you talk about the economics of momfluencing a little bit from the influencer side? Why do people do this? Do they make good money from it?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OPaV8o">
Some of them do, but I would say not many. In her book, <em>(Not) Getting Paid To Do What You Love,</em> Brooke Erin Duffy — who studied influencers across the board, not just momfluencers — estimated that only 9 percent make enough to live on. The tippy-tippy top, super-successful ones make a ton of money when they have huge brand partnerships with Amazon, for example.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IfIKVx">
I think that is one of the misconceptions, that it’s easy, that you just take a few pretty pictures and the money will come flooding in. That’s just not the case.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7huOWI">
<strong>Another trope is the idea that if you are an influencer, you are still staying home with your kids, but you’re also making money. Is that part of the draw, in theory, of being a momfluencer?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="k4HRsM">
I totally think that’s a huge draw, and it’s an indictment of the lack of flexibility and humanity in most professional work environments. If every caregiver and parent knew that they could get child care on site or wherever their workplace was located, and that child care was quality and paid for, I don’t know how much <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-goods/22732586/ftc-mlm-rohit-chopra-business-opportunity-rule">MLMs</a> would be thriving, or these sort of dubious promises of work-life balance for mothers.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qJ11yj">
I also think it’s not fully the case — yes, you can be at home with your kids. But if you’re a full-time momfluencer, you’re working. You’re taking photos, you’re editing, you’re writing copy, you’re dealing with emails for brands and sponsorships. Chances are, you probably need child care too!
</p>
<div class="c-float-left">
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/DeLeTD5bgXJX_J-OLzWb36WPgvY=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/24596964/MOMFLUENCED_cover_art.jpeg"/>
</figure>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="u6AQVq">
<strong>Why do people follow these influencers?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mRoo5U">
Everybody’s reasoning differs depending on their cultural context and their personal backgrounds. I do think many of us gravitate toward momfluencers who we perceive to be succeeding in ways that we perceive ourselves to be failing. My kryptonite has always been the joyful mom, the easy mom, the mom to whom motherhood seems to be coming really naturally. Other people might gravitate toward mothers with impeccably organized playrooms or whatever.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="neJOyE">
<strong>Can you talk about the </strong><a href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/3ak8p8/online-rise-of-trad-ideology"><strong>tradwife</strong></a><strong> and tradmom phenomena? What does it mean to be a tradmom on Instagram or TikTok, and why do people — including those who decidedly are not tradmoms — follow these accounts?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="isYSqG">
Broadly speaking, a tradmom or tradwife is someone who adheres to traditional gender norms. This might look like somebody who’s wearing a dress that could be mistaken for having been made in the 1880s. Or it could be somebody who really wants to make sure her husband has a sandwich when he wants a sandwich.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="bYamOi">
The tradmom accounts that are aesthetically grounded in some sort of sense of nostalgia or some sort of “simpler time” do appeal to those of us who are firmly centered in the complicated now. I think it comes back to this human need to hope for things. We want to hope that, for example, work-life balance can be more equitable for women in this country and mothers in this country. We want to hope that we won’t always feel so frenzied and burnt out in our roles as mothers. So I think one reason that we follow is a sense of escapism, like, <em>this woman is kneading her sourdough and milking her cows, and it feels wholly removed from my life. I don’t feel like I have to compare myself to it because it’s completely different from my everyday.</em>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eWCvSG">
But I think it’s insidious in that it assumes that there was a sense of purity or rightness in a time when most women were oppressed. When we think, <em>it was simpler then, it was easier then</em>, we have to ask, <em>who was it simpler or easier for?</em> And the answer is usually white, rich men.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DUBV7L">
<strong>You talk a lot in the book about the whiteness of momfluencing, and how the momfluencers who make the most money tend to be white, cis, thin, and straight. But you also talk to moms who don’t fit into those categories — moms who are fat, for example, and Indigenous moms — who find community on social media or who have a more nuanced profile as influencers. Can you talk about visibility in momfluencing, who is represented and who isn’t? </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4MfE0r">
It would be remiss of anybody to denigrate all social media influencer accounts because they are really a democratic way to spread awareness about social issues and a relatively easy way to create communities and support networks where otherwise it might be harder to access. And so much of it is just like being stuck in your own echo chamber — if you’re only following the beachy waves white mommies in their Nantucket mansions or whatever, you’re only going to keep seeing the beachy waves moms and their Nantucket mansions. The algorithm will feed you what it thinks you want to see.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="PiaLUx">
I remember talking to <a href="https://www.instagram.com/myleik/?hl=en">Myleik Teele</a> in the book about how white momfluencers still make the vast majority of money in this industry. She was talking about when she was trying to pitch her haircare company, there was an Herbal Essences product that was the Holy Grail of hair products for Black women. She was trying to explain this to somebody who she was trying to get funding from, and none of the people in that meeting were Black, and therefore they didn’t know about this. My point in bringing this up is, if the majority of people forging these marketing deals and sponsored content deals are white men, then they’re going in with their own assumptions about what sells and what mothers want to see. So in every stage of this ecosystem, there are imbalances to blame for the pervasiveness of the whiteness we’re being fed.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yEFZu9">
<strong>Let’s talk about TikTok. Instagram was really the dominant platform for momfluencers for a while, but now it seems like TikTok is ascendant as people feel like they can go viral more quickly there. How is TikTok changing momfluencing?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FycTwT">
One major differentiator is that it’s way less polished-image-focused. With so many smart, brilliant TikToks, the lighting’s shitty, you don’t get the sense that anything was super orchestrated or staged. And that doesn’t seem to be where the value lies. The value really seems to lie in the quality of the messaging itself.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DuGCZW">
<strong>Does that allow a bigger diversity of momfluencers, or a different kind of momfluencer, to build a following? </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HjUqlj">
I think so. Both <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@domesticblisters?lang=en">Kc Davis</a> and <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@thatdarnchat?lang=en">Laura Danger</a> are big on Instagram, but they’re huge on TikTok. TikTok is where they first built their platform. Laura Danger talks about gendered inequity within the home, and Kc Davis talks about the moral neutrality of care work. These are both really specific, meaningful issues that impact most moms on a daily basis. Both of these accounts are about the specifics of mothering and caregiving labor rather than the performance of maternal identity.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="UxJwiH">
<strong>There’s also been a movement toward more </strong><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/22/opinion/influencers-moms-parenting.html"><strong>relatable moms</strong></a><strong>, on Tik Tok especially. I’m thinking about Kathryn Jezer-Morton’s recent newsletter about </strong><a href="https://www.thecut.com/2023/02/embracing-mess-vs-cleanliness.html"><strong>the rise of the messy house</strong></a><strong> on TikTok, for example. Is momfluencing getting more real? Is it just on the way out? Are people tired of aspirational mom content?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="bbUyFP">
This question is so hard for me because I have to check my own echo chamber. I feel like you and I probably consume similar content and are having these conversations about rejecting these ideals and interrogating these ideals. And I think many moms post-pandemic are thinking similarly, along the lines of, who are these ideals for and who are they hurting? I think many of us are also more conscious of our social media usage post-pandemic.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mVz9sE">
That being said, I do think that the “ideal” white mother is still making the most money as a momfluencer. Also, all of the either openly white supremacist or tradwife momfluencers I feature in the book, when I first started writing the book, I recorded all their follower counts, and when I went back to do final edits, all of their counts had grown precipitously.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LnOfMq">
On the one hand, I see some mothers becoming really aware of the toxicity of celebrating one type of “ideal” mother, and becoming really politically engaged in terms of trying to improve conditions for all mothers. I also think we’re more aware that many of the things that we’re struggling with in our daily lives are the result of systemic inequities, not our personal failings. But I think alongside that are also people that feel like their ways of life are under attack and feel like the nuclear family is under attack. I see both things happening simultaneously and maybe in direct relation to each other.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="V5BjmQ">
<strong>That makes sense. I have one more question, but I’m going to go check on my kid because he’s kind of making groaning noises. [Several minutes elapse.] Okay, he’s fine.</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EwKeLl">
<strong>What can we learn from momfluencers about our culture as a whole and about what parents need? Are we turning to momfluencers because our culture is devoid of community and support?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rnY9OH">
I do think we are drawn to momfluencers because we’re so devoid of easily accessible support networks in contemporary life. I think just understanding that these ideals are cultural constructs that are not a reflection of any supposedly natural way to exist as mothers is really freeing and helpful.
</p></li>
<li><strong>The Democratic Party’s completely rewritten primary calendar, explained</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="A view from one side of a large standing grill looks through the hood at Joe Biden, a big grin on his face, using a metal spatula to flip a steak with one hand, and the other outspread, as if to say, “Tada!”" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/tS8PgSYRBVpsgkZLzDoGYxDsuso=/333x0:3000x2000/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/72214045/1176192717.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
In 2019, then-presidential candidate Joe Biden works a grill on the campaign trail, in Des Moines, Iowa on September 21. | Scott Olson/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Say goodbye to early states like Iowa and New Hampshire. Say hello to potentially years of chaos.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="n10cKc">
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CCFwZQ">
Joe Biden’s <a href="https://twitter.com/JoeBiden/status/1650801827728986112">announcement of his candidacy</a> released Tuesday is the incumbent’s fourth bid for the Democratic nomination for the presidency. It will be not only Biden’s first run for president as the presumptive nominee, but also the first without Iowa and New Hampshire firmly set at the top of the primary calendar. In early February, the <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2022/12/2/23488627/democrats-primary-iowa-michigan-joe-biden">Democratic National Committee formally voted to shake up its primary calendar</a> and ratified a change to move South Carolina’s nominating contest first, while reducing the role of <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2022/12/2/23490726/democrats-iowa-new-hampshire">New Hampshire and eliminating Iowa as an early state</a> altogether.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="m9yQH0">
For Democrats, the changes would remake the presidential primary calendar, with the Palmetto State going first on February 3, followed by New Hampshire and Nevada on February 6, then Georgia on February 13 and Michigan on February 27. The change follows decades of Democrats carping about the primary order, especially complaints about the process in Iowa and New Hampshire. Those complaints have ranged from the fact that the traditional early states are insufficiently racially diverse to their penchant for rewarding anti-establishment candidates to the specific details of the state’s election processes. This has been particularly true in Iowa, a state that has long used a precinct caucus system in which Iowans typically gather with their neighbors to debate candidates and elect delegates to county conventions as the first step in a multipart process. Iowa’s caucuses do not have an absentee component and require participants to commit to spending part of the evening at their caucus site in order to participate.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NF9F6D">
So why have Democrats scrambled around something so arcane as the particular order in which states hold presidential primaries? It’s because of the mammoth amount of attention that early states get. These states tend to winnow the field of presidential hopefuls, which can often reach the dozens, down to something more manageable. The result is that politicians and activists in those early states get heavily courted and political campaigns spend tens of millions of dollars wooing voters there. And, with Biden likely to face only nominal competition in <a href="https://www.vox.com/2019/1/30/18203811/marianne-williamson-2020-presidential-candidate-policies">Marianne Williamson</a> and <a href="https://www.vox.com/politics/2023/4/6/23672761/robert-f-kennedy-jr-joe-biden-president">Robert F. Kennedy Jr</a>, doing it this year has no impact on the ultimate result.
</p>
<aside id="E8Hkx7">
<div>
</div>
</aside>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IwdQfi">
The problem for the DNC is that this specific calendar is an exercise in fantasy, and the DNC’s decree is likely to have as much impact as when King Canute of England ordered the tide to recede 1,000 years ago.
</p>
<h3 id="RR9d6n">
Why won’t this work?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ESPdtH">
The big problem is that it is up to individual states to schedule primary elections, not the DNC. The power of the DNC is that it can control the Democratic presidential primary nominating process and threaten states that don’t comply with the calendar it laid out. However, even this power is somewhat limited by the fact that the United States has a two-party system and the Republican National Committee (RNC) has the same control over the GOP’s nominating process. As of now, the two parties’ nominating processes are set up to be quite different. The GOP will use the calendar that has been used for the past few cycles — with Iowa first, then New Hampshire followed by South Carolina and Nevada — and they have the power to sanction any state that moves up.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LQtldo">
For example, this means that while the DNC changed its calendar to allow Georgia to hold an early primary, there is no way that the Peach State will actually do so. <a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2023/02/06/georgia-election-official-raffensperger-backs-early-primary-2028/11196288002/">Georgia is controlled by Republicans</a> and its secretary of state, Brad Raffensperger, told the Associated Press in February that the state won’t change its date on the presidential nominating calendar — at least not until 2028.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xH5cJs">
The even bigger drama, though, is over the states that the Democratic Party is trying to shunt aside. In particular, New Hampshire has a law that mandates that it hold the first-in-the-nation primary and that no other state can hold an election before it (with a caucus-sized loophole for Iowa). New Hampshire also has a Republican governor and Republican majorities in its state house who have made clear that they are not changing the state law to appease the DNC. (Then again, state Democrats have not been especially eager to appease the DNC either). Gov. Chris Sununu has made clear in <a href="https://thedispatch.com/newsletter/dispatch-politics/launch-week-for-nikki-haley/">a February interview with the Dispatch</a><em>, </em>“it doesn’t matter what the Democrat Party says, it matters what New Hampshire says, and we’re going first.”
</p>
<aside id="9nEJOl">
<div>
</div>
</aside>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cPOnYy">
As part of its vote to shake up the primary calendar, the DNC gave both Georgia and New Hampshire an extension to sort things out, into June — though it is unlikely that anything will change.
</p>
<h3 id="4QCMPN">
So what happens next?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ArS4zC">
It’s a mess. There is precedent for Democrats sanctioning states that violated their rules. In the 2008 presidential primary, Michigan and Florida tried to jump ahead and hold early Democratic primaries. All major candidates agreed not to campaign in those states and, in Michigan, both Obama and John Edwards kept their names off the ballot. The DNC initially stripped both states of all their delegates, but eventually allowed every delegate elected from both states to participate in the convention as part of an elaborate compromise that ended the brutal primary between Obama and Hillary Clinton.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WbuqVm">
Needless to say, that decision did not make the DNC look formidable. But if the DNC does follow through on a threat to strip delegates from states that go early, it could be electoral poison for Democrats. <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2022/10/13/23400859/politics-new-hampshire-america-quirkiest-state-explained">New Hampshire is a closely fought swing state</a> that has four electoral votes and two swing district members of Congress. And, while <a href="https://newrepublic.com/article/166775/iowa-red-state-republican-party">Iowa has been trending toward the GOP</a> in recent years, it still has several competitive House districts. (One congressional seat in the state was decided by precisely six votes in 2020).
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="37ZVA0">
Further, unlike Michigan and Florida in 2008, Iowa and New Hampshire are part of the national political landscape. Candidates are used to going there and, with a ferocious Republican presidential primary, the national media will be camped out there. Those two states had never offered many delegates, but they were an opportunity for underdog candidates to capture national attention while doing retail politics. Any sanctions won’t change that. Instead, they would simply make it harder for Biden to engage in the state and make it easier for a fringe candidate to mount a real challenge for the incumbent. Already Biden’s two declared opponents, Williamson and Kennedy, have visited New Hampshire, but neither has visited Iowa.
</p>
<h3 id="eZsB3H">
Does the presidential primary schedule matter?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Z9S96F">
It does, but not for this Democratic presidential primary cycle. Barring something unexpected, Joe Biden will be the Democratic nominee regardless if Georgia or Guam holds an early nominating contest. The DNC’s move, however, does further blow up the nominating process ahead of 2028, which will be a totally open field regardless of the result in 2024.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="UD5Hkx">
Those who are unhappy with Iowa and New Hampshire’s role in US politics have spent decades trying to remove the states from their place at the head of the calendar. With an incumbent president who did poorly in both New Hampshire and Iowa in 2020, and who was aided by the fiasco around Iowa’s 2020 caucuses, those pushing for change finally have a real opportunity. Whatever the calendar looks like in 2024 will not be the status quo.
</p>
<aside id="Yt3BCf">
<div>
</div>
</aside>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rBbuY7">
But it also means that future debates about the primary calendar will take place with a presidential election looming and with candidates already positioning themselves for the future. After all, every state is different and has an entirely different political profile. Supporters of candidates who have struggled with retail politics while having strong national profiles like Kamala Harris might prefer bigger early states, where retail politics is far less important than having superPACs dominate the airwaves. Those who back underdog candidates might prefer the traditional calendar, which has rewarded candidates like Obama, Bernie Sanders, and <a href="https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/03/talking-with-pete-buttigieg-whos-stuck-at-home-too.html">Pete Buttigieg</a> for their work wooing voters in Iowa and New Hampshire.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Px5grh">
In the meantime, by at least attempting to change the calendar, Democrats have set expectations for the future. As for the chaos this could all cause, it’s the second oldest story in journalism. Right behind “dog bites man,” it’s “Democrats in disarray.”
</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Khalid Abdul Qaiyum to don the role of a coach and set up his own academy</strong> -</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ireland reaches highest Test score of 492 vs Sri Lanka</strong> - Sri Lanka responded by reaching 81/0 at stumps on day two of the second Test</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Daily Quiz | On Sachin Tendulkar</strong> - One of India’s greatest sportspersons turns 50 today. Here’s a quiz on Sachin Tendulkar and his exploits</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Rahane back in Indian team for World Test Championship final</strong> - Ajinkya Rahane makes a comeback to the Indian Test team after Shreyas Iyer’s back injury ruled him out of the World Test Championship final against Australia</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Need to improve Delhi team’s batting, opines Kuldeep Yadav</strong> - Speaking to media after Delhi Capitals beat Sunrisers Hyderabad on April 24, Kuldeep Yadav said that even at the half-time, the team believed 100% that they had a chance to win the game.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Will stay in NCP till my last moment, reiterates Ajit Pawar</strong> - Over the past few weeks, there has been much speculation over Ajit Pawar’s next political move, with a few claiming that he might join hands with the BJP</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SVEEP Express bus flagged off in Shivamogga</strong> -</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Around 20% of health sub-centres in Tamil Nadu are dilapidated or in rented places, says Health Minister</strong> - Work on the construction of new buildings for health centres in the State is in progress, he says</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Vande Bharat Express – salient features and takeaways from the maiden journey in Kerala</strong> - Replete with modern features, the sleek and air-conditioned semi-high-speed train has acquired celebrity status among travellers within a week of its arrival in the State</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>BJP leader Annamalai releases another purported audio of T.N. Finance Minister Palanivel Thiaga Rajan</strong> - In his tweet, releasing the audio, BJP president Annamalai said, “Listen to the DMK ecosystem crumbling from within”. It has to be, however, noted that the word DMK did not find any explicit mention in the audio.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Far-right Meloni joins Italians marking liberation from fascism</strong> - The origins of Giorgia Meloni’s far-right party lie in Italy’s post-fascist past.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Turkish mass arrests target Kurdish areas ahead of election</strong> - At least 126 people are held, before Turks vote in a May election that could bring down the president.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine war: Kyiv sets up positions across key Dnipro River - reports</strong> - But military experts warn that advancing from positions across the Dnipro could be very difficult.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Sebastien Bellin: Brussels bomb survivor on Ironman feat and forgiveness</strong> - Losing blood, running low on time, Sebastien Bellin knew his choices over the next hour would decide if he lived or died. Then he remembered the words of his old coach.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Primo de Rivera: Spain exhumes fascist Falange leader</strong> - The remains of the fascist leader who inspired General Franco are removed from a giant mausoleum.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Exploit released for 9.8-severity PaperCut flaw already under attack</strong> - Code-execution flaw was patched in March but doesn’t seem to be widely installed. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1934068">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Details emerge about Apple headset’s tethered battery pack</strong> - Plus, a new Apple proprietary port for charging. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1934022">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>After demolishing swaths of San Jose, Google puts campus project on hold</strong> - Google’s cost-cutting comes for its 80-acre “mega campus” in downtown San Jose. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1933915">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Grimes says anyone can AI-generate her voice “without penalty”</strong> - Musician vows to split 50% royalties on successful AI-generated songs that use her voice. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1933978">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Apple’s iOS “walled garden” doesn’t break antitrust laws, appeals court affirms [Updated]</strong> - But court leaves injunction against “anti-steering” payment language in place. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1933993">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>While in China, an American man is very sexually promiscuous and does not use a condom the entire time he is there.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A week after arriving back home in the States, he wakes one morning to find his penis covered with bright green and purple spots.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Horrified, he immediately goes to see a doctor. The doctor, never having seen anything like this before, orders some tests and tells the man to return in two days for the results.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The man returns a couple of days later and the doctor says, “I’ve got bad news for you, you’ve contracted Mongolian VD. It’s very rare and almost unheard of here in the US , we know very little about it.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The man looks a little perplexed and says, “Well, give me a shot or something and fix me up, Doc.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The doctor answers, “I’m sorry, there’s no known cure. We’re going to have to amputate your penis.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The man screams in horror, “Absolutely not! I want a second opinion!!!”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The doctor replies, “Well, it’s your choice. Go ahead, if you want but surgery is your only option.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The next day, the man seeks out a Chinese doctor, figuring that he’ll know more about the disease.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The Chinese doctor examines his penis and proclaims, “Ah, yes, Mongolian VD. Very rare disease.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The guy says to the doctor, “Yeah, yeah, I already know that, but what can we do? My American doctor wants to cut off my penis!”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The Chinese doctor shakes his head and laughs. “Stupid American doctors, always want to amputate. Make more money that way. No need to amputate!”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Oh, thank God!” the man exclaims.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Yes,” says the Chinese doctor. “Wait two weeks. Fall off by itself!”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/big_banana_6969"> /u/big_banana_6969 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/12yehtk/while_in_china_an_american_man_is_very_sexually/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/12yehtk/while_in_china_an_american_man_is_very_sexually/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>( This joke was made up by my eight year old son. ) Why did the letters lose the battle against the numbers?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
They were outnumbered.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/xmlify"> /u/xmlify </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/12y8pju/this_joke_was_made_up_by_my_eight_year_old_son/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/12y8pju/this_joke_was_made_up_by_my_eight_year_old_son/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Are my testicles Black?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A male patient is lying in bed in the hospital, wearing an oxygen mask over his mouth and nose. A young student nurse appears and gives him a partial sponge bath.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Nurse,”’ he mumbles from behind the mask, “are my testicles black?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Embarrassed, the young nurse replies, “I don’t know, Sir. I’m only here to wash your upper body and feet.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
He struggles to ask again, “Nurse, please check for me. Are my testicles black?”
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Concerned that he might elevate his blood pressure and heart rate from worrying about his testicles, she overcomes her embarrassment and pulls back the covers.
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She raises his gown, holds his manhood in one hand and his testicles in the other.
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She looks very closely and says, “There’s nothing wrong with them, Sir. They look fine.”
</p>
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The man slowly pulls off his oxygen mask, smiles at her, and says very slowly, "Thank you very much. That was wonderful. Now listen very, very closely:
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Are - my - test - results - back?"
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Buddy2269"> /u/Buddy2269 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/12xygv5/are_my_testicles_black/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/12xygv5/are_my_testicles_black/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>People treat me like a god!</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
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They ignore me until they need my help.
</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/3ffectivelyuseless"> /u/3ffectivelyuseless </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/12y35di/people_treat_me_like_a_god/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/12y35di/people_treat_me_like_a_god/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hi, I’m Buzz Aldrin. Second man to walk on the moon.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
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Neil before me.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/heyandy1"> /u/heyandy1 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/12xo5je/hi_im_buzz_aldrin_second_man_to_walk_on_the_moon/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/12xo5je/hi_im_buzz_aldrin_second_man_to_walk_on_the_moon/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
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