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<title>02 September, 2023</title>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Toward an Online System to Generate Tailored Infographics: Supporting the Health Information Sharing Needs of Community-Based Organizations</strong> -
<div>
Infographics are an engaging way to share health information with the public, but their relevance and appeal can be improved if they can be tailored to the language, culture, and information needs of their target audience. Digital tools are needed to make such tailoring feasible at scale, and to meet the needs of the community-based organizations (CBOs) that are well-situated to share health information with the public. Here, we describe our progress toward the development of the TailorVis Toolbox, an online system that facilitates infographic tailoring at the level of the CBO and the individual viewer. Incorporated within this project was the participatory design of infographics related to COVID-19 testing and vaccination. The system will be extended to numerous health topics in the future.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/8r2cm/" target="_blank">Toward an Online System to Generate Tailored Infographics: Supporting the Health Information Sharing Needs of Community-Based Organizations</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Characteristics of the sexual networks of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in Montréal, Toronto, and Vancouver: implications for the transmission and control of mpox in Canada</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background: The 2022-2023 global mpox outbreak disproportionately affected gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM). In Canada, &gt;70% of cases thus far have been among GBM in Montréal, Toronto, and Vancouver. We examined how the distributions of sexual partners 1) varied by city and over time related to the COVID-19 pandemic and 2) were associated with mpox transmission. Methods: The <i>Engage Cohort Study</i> (2017-2023) recruited GBM via respondent-driven sampling in Montréal, Toronto, and Vancouver (n=2,449). We compared numbers of sexual partners in the past 6 months across cities and three time periods: pre-COVID-19 pandemic (2017-2019), pandemic (2020-2021), and post-restrictions (2021-2023). We modeled the distribution of sexual partner numbers using Bayesian negative binomial regressions and post-stratification, adjusting for sampling design and attrition. We estimated the basic reproduction number (<i>R<sub>0</sub></i>), secondary attack rate (SAR), and cumulative incidence proportion of mpox using the fitted distributions and case timeseries. Results: The pre-COVID-19 pandemic distribution of sexual partner numbers was similar across cities: participants9 mean number of partners was 10.3 (95%CrI: 9.3-11.3) in Montréal, 12.8 (11.1-14.7) in Toronto, and 10.6 (9.41-11.9) in Vancouver. Partner numbers decreased during the pandemic in all cities. Post-restrictions, sexual activity increased but remained well below pre-pandemic levels. Based on reported cases and post-restrictions distributions, the estimated <i>R<sub>0</sub></i> (2.4-2.6) and cumulative incidences (0.6-0.9%) were similar across cities. The estimated average SAR across cities was 79%. Conclusion: GBM sexual activity after restrictions were lifted remained below pre-pandemic levels. Comparable sexual partner distributions across cities may explain similarities in mpox <i>R<sub>0</sub></i> and cumulative incidence across cities. Public health authorities should consider the risk of mpox resurgence for future vaccination and surveillance strategies as sexual activity is expected to recover.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.08.31.23294912v1" target="_blank">Characteristics of the sexual networks of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in Montréal, Toronto, and Vancouver: implications for the transmission and control of mpox in Canada</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Symptom experience before vs. after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection: a population and case control study using prospectively recorded symptom data.</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background: Some individuals experience prolonged illness after acute COVID-19. We assessed whether pre-infection symptoms affected post-COVID illness duration. Methods Survival analysis was performed in adults (n=23,452) with community-managed SARC-CoV-2 infection prospectively self-logging data through the ZOE COVID Symptom Study app, at least weekly, from 8 weeks before to 12 weeks after COVID-19 onset, conditioned on presence vs. absence of baseline symptoms (4-8 weeks before COVID-19). A case-control study was performed in 1350 individuals with long illness (≥8 weeks, 906 [67.1%] with illness ≥12 weeks), matched 1:1 (for age, sex, body mass index, testing week, prior infection, vaccination, smoking, index of multiple deprivation) with 1350 individuals with short illness (&lt;4 weeks). Baseline symptoms were compared between the two groups; and against post-COVID symptoms. Findings: Individuals reporting baseline symptoms had longer post-COVID symptom duration (from 10 to 15 days) with baseline fatigue nearly doubling duration. Two-thirds (910 of 1350 [67.4%]) of individuals with long illness were asymptomatic beforehand. However, 440 (32.6%) had baseline symptoms, vs. 255 (18.9%) of 1350 individuals with short illness (p&lt;0.0001). Baseline symptoms increased the odds ratio for long illness (2.14 [CI: 1.78; 2.57]). Prior comorbidities were more common in individuals with long vs. short illness. In individuals with long illness, baseline symptomatic (vs. asymptomatic) individuals were more likely to be female, younger, and have prior comorbidities; and baseline and post-acute symptoms and symptom burden correlated strongly. Interpretation: Individuals experiencing symptoms before COVID-19 have longer illness duration and increased odds of long illness. However, many individuals with long illness are well before SARS-CoV-2 infection.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.08.30.23294821v1" target="_blank">Symptom experience before vs. after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection: a population and case control study using prospectively recorded symptom data.</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Observational Study of Repeat Immunoadsorption (RIA) in Post-COVID ME/CFS Patients with Elevated Beta-2-Adrenergic Receptor Autoantibodies</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
There is increasing evidence for an autoimmune aetiology in post-infectious Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). SARS-CoV-2 has now become the main trigger for ME/CFS. We have already conducted two small proof-of-concept studies of IgG depletion by immunoadsorption (IA) in post-infectious ME/CFS, which showed efficacy in most patients. This observational study aims to evaluate the efficacy of IA in patients with post-COVID-19 ME/CFS. The primary objective is to assess the improvement in functional ability. Due to the urgency of finding therapies for post-Covid-Syndrome (PCS), we report here the interim results of the first ten patients with seven responders defined by an increase of between 10 and 35 points in the Short-Form 36 Physical Function (SF36-PF) at week four after IA. The results of this observational study will provide the basis for patient selection for a randomised controlled trial (RTC) including sham apheresis and for a RTC combining IA with B-cell depletion therapy.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.08.31.23294813v1" target="_blank">Observational Study of Repeat Immunoadsorption (RIA) in Post-COVID ME/CFS Patients with Elevated Beta-2-Adrenergic Receptor Autoantibodies</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Changes in child and adolescent mental health across the COVID-19 pandemic (2018-2023): Insights from general population and clinical samples in the Netherlands</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected child and adolescent mental health and at the end of the pandemic (April 2022) child mental health had not returned to pre‐pandemic levels. We investigated whether this observed increase in mental health problems has continued, halted, or reversed after the end of the pandemic in children from the general population and in children in psychiatric care. Methods We collected parent-reported and child-reported data at two additional post-pandemic time points (November/December 2022 and March/April 2023) in children (8-18 years) from two general population samples (N=818-1056 per measurement) and one clinical sample receiving psychiatric care (N=320-370) and compared these with data from before the pandemic. We collected parent‐reported data on internalizing and externalizing problems with the Brief Problem Monitor (BPM) and self‐reported data on Anxiety, Depressive symptoms, Sleep‐related impairments, Anger, Global health, and Peer relations with the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Results In the general population, parents reported no changes in externalizing problems but did report higher internalizing problems post-pandemic than pre-pandemic. Children also reported increased mental health problems post-pandemic, especially in anxiety and depression, to a lesser extent in sleep-related impairment and global health, and least in anger. In the clinical sample, parents reported higher internalizing, but not externalizing problems post-pandemic compared to the start of the pandemic. Children reported greatest increases in problems in anxiety, depression, and global health, to a lesser extent on sleep-related impairment, and least on anger. Conclusions Child mental health problems in the general population are substantially higher post-pandemic compared to pre-pandemic measurements. In children in psychiatric care mental health problems have increased during the pandemic and are substantially higher post-pandemic than at the start of the pandemic. Longitudinal and comparative studies are needed to assess what the most important drivers of these changes are.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.08.29.23294764v1" target="_blank">Changes in child and adolescent mental health across the COVID-19 pandemic (2018-2023): Insights from general population and clinical samples in the Netherlands</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>ISARIC COVID-19 Clinical Data Report: 10 January 2023</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
ISARIC (International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium) partnerships and outbreak preparedness initiatives enabled the rapid launch of standardised clinical data collection on COVID-19 in Jan 2020. Extensive global participation has resulted in a large, standardised collection of comprehensive clinical data from hundreds of sites across dozens of countries. Data are analysed regularly and reported publicly to inform patient care and public health response. This report, our 18th and final report, is a part of a series published over 3 years. Data have been entered for 945,317 individuals from 1807 partner institutions and networks across 76 countries. The comprehensive analyses detailed in this report includes hospitalised individuals of all ages for whom data collection occurred between 30 January 2020 and up to and including 10 January 2023, AND who have laboratory-confirmed SARS-COV-2 infection or clinically diagnosed COVID-19. For the 845,291 cases who meet eligibility criteria for this report, selected findings include: o Median age of 57 years, with an approximately equal (50/50) male:female sex distribution o 29% of the cohort are at least 70 years of age, whereas 6% are 0-19 years of age o The most common symptom combination in this hospitalised cohort is shortness of breath, cough, and history of fever, which has remained constant over time o The five most common symptoms at admission were shortness of breath, cough, history of fever, fatigue/malaise, and altered consciousness/confusion, which is unchanged from the previous reports o Age-associated differences in symptoms are evident, including the frequency of altered consciousness increasing with age, and fever, respiratory and constitutional symptoms being present mostly in those 40 years and above o 15% of patients with relevant data available (845,291) were admitted at some point during their illness into an intensive care unit (ICU), which has decreased from 19% during the 3 years of ISARIC reporting o Antibiotic agents were used in 37% of patients for whom relevant data are available (802,241), a significant reduction from our previous reports (80%) which reflects a shifting proportion of data contributed by different institutions; in ICU/HDU admitted patients with data available (64,669), 90% received antibiotics o Use of corticosteroids was reported in 25% of all patients for whom data were available (809,043); in ICU/HDU admitted patients with data available (64,713), 71% received corticosteroids o Outcomes are known for 762,728 patients and the overall estimated case fatality ratio (CFR) is 22% (95%CI 21.9-22), rising to 36% (95%CI 35.6-36.1) for patients who were admitted to ICU/HDU, demonstrating worse outcomes in those with the most severe disease We thank all the data contributors for their ongoing support.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.07.17.20155218v16" target="_blank">ISARIC COVID-19 Clinical Data Report: 10 January 2023</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Can long-term COVID-19 vaccination be improved by serological surveillance?: a modeling study for Mozambique</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Seroprevalence provides an estimate of the population-level susceptibility to infection. In this study, we used a transmission model to examine the potential of using serological surveillance to inform the timing of COVID-19 boosters in Mozambique. We simulated using population-level seroprevalence thresholds as an estimate of the risk of outbreaks to trigger the timing of re-vaccination campaigns among older adults. We compare this approach to a strategy of re-vaccination at fixed time intervals. Vaccinating older adults each time the seroprevalence among older adults falls below 50% and 80% resulted in medians of 20% and 71% reduction in deaths, respectively, and number-needed-to-vaccinate to avert one death (NNT) of 1,499 (2.5th-97.5th centile:1,252-1,905) and 3,151 (2,943-3,429), respectively. In comparison, biennial and annual re-vaccination of older adults resulted in medians of 35% and 52% deaths averted, respectively, and NNTs of 1,443 (1,223-1,733) and 1,941 (1,805-2,112), respectively. We conducted sensitivity analysis over a range of antibody waning rates and epidemic scenarios and found that re-vaccination trigger thresholds of 50-60% seroprevalence are most likely to be efficient compared to fixed-time strategies. However, given marginal gains in efficiency even in the best-case scenarios, our results favor the use of simpler fixed-time strategies for long-term control of SARS-CoV-2.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.08.29.23294793v1" target="_blank">Can long-term COVID-19 vaccination be improved by serological surveillance?: a modeling study for Mozambique</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>How will COVID-19 persist in the future? Simulating future dynamics of COVID-19 using an agent-based network model</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Despite the United States Center for Disease Control (CDC)9s May 2023 expiration of the declared public health emergency pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic (Silk 2023), approximately 3 years after the first cases of SARS-CoV-2 appeared in the United Sates, thousands of new cases persist daily. Many questions persist about the future dynamics of SARS-CoV-29s in the United States, including: will COVID continue to circulate as a seasonal disease like influenza, and will annual vaccinations be required to prevent outbreaks? In response, we present an Agent Based Networked Simulation of COVID-19 transmission to evaluate recurrent future outbreaks of the disease, accounting for contact heterogeneity and waning vaccine-derived and natural immunity. Our model is parameterized with data collected as part of the Berkeley Interpersonal Contact Survey (BICS; Feehan and Mahmud 2021) and is used to simulate time series of confirmed cases of and deaths due to SARS-CoV-2, paying special attention to seasonal forces and waning immunity (Kronfeld-Schor et al. 2021; X. Liu et al. 2021; Nichols et al. 2021). From the BICS ABM model we simulate SARS-CoV-2 dynamics over the 10-year period beginning in 2021 with waning immunity and inclusion of annual booster doses under a variety of transmission scenarios. We find that SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks are likely to occur frequently, and that distribution of booster doses during certain times of the year-notably in the late winter/early spring-may reduce the severity of a wintertime outbreak depending on the seasonal epidemiology of the pathogen.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.08.29.23294791v1" target="_blank">How will COVID-19 persist in the future? Simulating future dynamics of COVID-19 using an agent-based network model</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The use and acceptability of preprints in health and social care settings: a scoping review</strong> -
<div>
Background: Preprints are open and accessible scientific manuscript or report that is shared publicly, through a preprint server, before being submitted to a journal. The value and importance of preprints has grown since its contribution during the public health emergency of the COVID-19 pandemic. Funders and publishers are establishing their position on the use of preprints, in grant applications and publishing models. However, the evidence supporting the use and acceptability of preprints varies across funders, publishers, and researchers. The scoping review explored the current evidence on the use and acceptability of preprints in health and social care settings by publishers, funders, and the research community throughout the research lifecycle. Methods: A scoping review was undertaken with no study or language limits. The search strategy was limited to the last five years (2017-2022) to capture changes influenced by COVID-19 (e.g., accelerated use and role of preprints in research). The review included international literature, including grey literature, and two databases were searched: Scopus and Web of Science (24 August 2022). Results: 379 titles and abstracts and 193 full text articles were assessed for eligibility. Ninety-eight articles met eligibility criteria and were included for full extraction. For barriers and challenges, 26 statements were grouped under four main themes (e.g., volume/growth of publications, quality assurance/trustworthiness, risks associated to credibility, and validation). For benefits and value, 34 statements were grouped under six themes (e.g., openness/transparency, increased visibility/credibility, open review process, open research, democratic process/systems, increased productivity/opportunities). Conclusions: Preprints provide opportunities for rapid dissemination but there is a need for clear policies and guidance from journals, publishers, and funders. Cautionary measures are needed to maintain the quality and value of preprints, paying particular attention to how findings are translated to the public. More research is needed to address some of the uncertainties addressed in this review.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/nug4p/" target="_blank">The use and acceptability of preprints in health and social care settings: a scoping review</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The global and specific cardiovascular burden of spike-based Covid-19 1 Vaccination</strong> -
<div>
Aims: The aim of this investigation was to determine whether the global and cardiovascular 10 burden associated with spike-based Covid-19 vaccination has continued to increase. 11 Methods and results: An updated analysis of spontaneously reported individual cases with 12 ADRs and their fatal outcomes associated with Covid-19 vaccines, as well as adverse 13 cardiovascular events caused by the spike-inducing vaccine Tozinameran, was performed. 14 Data were retrieved from the EudraVigilance web reports of the European Medicines Agency 15 (EMA). All evaluated adverse events correspond to the search terms of the EudraVigilance 16 based on clinical characterisation. 17 The total number of individual cases (n=2256506; i.e. 2338/day) with adverse effects that were 18 fatal in 2.3% (n=51740; i.e. 54 deaths/day), as well as the wide range of reports of 19 cardiovascular adverse effects, have revealed the unusual magnitude and specificity of these 20 events. 21 Tachycardia, arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation/flatter, bradyarrhythmia and impaired stimulus 22 formation and conduction (n=57438 combined) dominated the cardiovascular side effect profile 23 of Tozinameran, followed by blood pressure increase (n=25907), myo-/pericarditis (n=23775), 24 heart failure, cardiomyopathy, cardiac flatter/fibrillation, cardiac arrest, circulatory collaps 25 (n=16778 combined) and coronary artery disease/myocardial infarction (n=9912). The 26 importance of acute cardiovascular reactions is underlined by the fact that deaths caused by 27 them accounted for at least one third (35%) of all deaths associated with Tozinameran’s side 28 effects 29 Based on individual assessment, ARBs are currently recommended in the treatment of spike-30 induced symptoms. 31 Conclusions: The spectrum of side effects of spike-based Covid-19 vaccines is more extensive 32 and severe than is generally known, Adverse cardiovascular events convincingly reflect the 33 mode of spike action, namely down-regulating of the cardiovascular protective enzyme ACE2 34 resulting in increasing Ang II concentrations. A fundamental re-evaluation of the benefit-risk 35 assessment of these novel vaccines is mandatory. Health professionals should be educated about 36 the consequences of spike-induced ACE2 downregulation, the resulting symptoms and 37 therapeutic options.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/we5cx/" target="_blank">The global and specific cardiovascular burden of spike-based Covid-19 1 Vaccination</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Sequential early-life viral infections modulate the microbiota and adaptive immune responses to systemic and mucosal vaccination</strong> -
<div>
Increasing evidence points to the microbial exposome as a critical factor in maturing and shaping the host immune system, thereby influencing responses to immune challenges such as infections or vaccines. To investigate the effect of early-life viral exposures on immune development and vaccine responses, we inoculated mice with six distinct viral pathogens in sequence beginning in the neonatal period, and then evaluated their immune signatures before and after intramuscular or intranasal vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Sequential viral infection drove profound changes in all aspects of the immune system, including increasing circulating leukocytes, altering innate and adaptive immune cell lineages in tissues, and markedly influencing serum cytokine and total antibody levels. Beyond these immune responses changes, these exposures also modulated the composition of the endogenous intestinal microbiota. Although sequentially-infected mice exhibited increased systemic immune activation and T cell responses after intramuscular and intranasal SARS-CoV-2 immunization, we observed decreased vaccine-induced antibody responses in these animals. These results suggest that early-life viral exposures are sufficient to diminish antibody responses to vaccination in mice, and highlight their potential importance of considering prior microbial exposures when investigating vaccine responses.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.08.31.555772v1" target="_blank">Sequential early-life viral infections modulate the microbiota and adaptive immune responses to systemic and mucosal vaccination</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Immunogenicity and efficacy of a subcutaneously administered, adjuvanted vaccine containing modified S1 spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 variant C.1.2</strong> -
<div>
During the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccines have produced protective immunity sufficient enough to cause a decrease in hospitalizations and deaths; however, the pandemic continues due to mutational events, predominantly occurring in the S1 sequence of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. We have developed a baculovirus-expressed, modified S1 SARS-CoV-2 protein based on the C.1.2 variant, which was first identified in South Africa.1 This was encapsulated in a vitamin E containing, nonphospholipid liposome, which was then used to subcutaneously immunize Syrian hamsters. This vaccine, when administered at day 1 generates IgG responses that react to the modified C.1.2 S1 protein; full-length spike proteins from Wuhan-Hu-1, Delta, Omicron BA.1; and the Omicron recombinant variant XBB.1.5 in 100% of the animals. The second dose administered subcutaneously on day 28 demonstrated anamnestic response in the quantitative IgG assay to the Wuhan-Hu-1 spike Receptor Binding Domain (RBD). In addition, antibody IgA and IgM responses in sera were demonstrated. Serum IgG antibody responses to the spike proteins of the modified C.1.2 S1 and full-length spike proteins Wuhan-Hu-1, Delta, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron recombinant XBB.1.5 variants are elevated for over 120 days. Challenge of vaccinated and unvaccinated hamsters at day 126 of the study with an Omicron BA.1 resulted in a difference in weight change and viral load based on the qRT-PCR assay seven days after challenge.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.08.31.555805v1" target="_blank">Immunogenicity and efficacy of a subcutaneously administered, adjuvanted vaccine containing modified S1 spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 variant C.1.2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Characterization of an EG.5.1 clinical isolate in vitro and in vivo</strong> -
<div>
EG.5.1 is a subvariant of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB variant that is rapidly increasing in prevalence worldwide. EG.5.1 has additional substitutions in its spike protein (namely, Q52H and F456L) compared with XBB.1.5. However, the pathogenicity, transmissibility, and immune evasion properties of clinical isolates of EG.5.1 are largely unknown. In this study, we used wild-type Syrian hamsters to investigate the replicative ability, pathogenicity, and transmissibility of a clinical EG.5.1 isolate. Our data show that there are no obvious differences in growth ability and pathogenicity between EG.5.1 and XBB.1.5, and both EG.5.1 and XBB.1.5 are attenuated compared to a Delta variant isolate. We also found that EG.5.1 is transmitted more efficiently between hamsters compared with XBB.1.5. In addition, unlike XBB.1.5, we detected EG.5.1 virus in the lungs of four of six exposed hamsters, suggesting that the virus tropism of EG.5.1 is different from that of XBB.1.5 after airborne transmission. Finally, we assessed the neutralizing ability of plasma from convalescent individuals and found that the neutralizing activity against EG.5.1 was slightly, but significantly, lower than that against XBB.1.5 or XBB.1.9.2. This suggests that EG.5.1 effectively evades humoral immunity and that the amino acid differences in the S protein of EG.5.1 compared with that of XBB.1.5 or XBB.1.9.2 (i.e., Q52H, R158G, and F456L) alter the antigenicity of EG.5.1. Our data suggest that the increased transmissibility and altered antigenicity of EG.5.1 may be driving its increasing prevalence over XBB.1.5 in the human population.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.08.31.555819v1" target="_blank">Characterization of an EG.5.1 clinical isolate in vitro and in vivo</a>
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<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 Spike amyloid fibrils specifically and selectively accelerates amyloid fibril formation of human prion protein and the amyloid β peptide</strong> -
<div>
An increasing number of reports suggest an association between COVID-19 infection and initiation or acceleration of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Both these diseases and several other neurodegenerative diseases are caused by conversion of human proteins into a misfolded, aggregated amyloid fibril state. The fibril formation process is self-perpetuating by seeded conversion from preformed fibril seeds. We recently described a plausible mechanism for amyloid fibril formation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Spike-protein formed amyloid fibrils upon cleavage by neutrophil elastase, abundant in the inflammatory response to COVID-19 infection. We here provide evidence of significant Spike-amyloid fibril seeded acceleration of amyloid formation of CJD associated human prion protein (HuPrP) using an in vitro conversion assay. By seeding the HuPrP conversion assay with other in vitro generated disease associated amyloid fibrils we demonstrate that this is not a general effect but a specific feature of spike-amyloid fibrils. We also showed that the amyloid fibril formation of AD associated A{beta}1-42 was accelerated by Spike-amyloid fibril seeds. Of seven different 20-amino acid long peptides, Spike532 (532NLVKNKCVNFNFNGLTGTGV551) was most efficient in seeding HuPrP and Spike601 (601GTNTSNQVAVLYQDVNCTEV620) was most effective in seeding A{beta}1-42, suggesting substrate dependent selectivity of the cross-seeding activity. Albeit purely in vitro, our data suggest that cross-seeding by Spike-amyloid fibrils can be implicated in the increasing number of reports of CJD, AD, and possibly other neurodegenerative diseases in the wake of COVID-19.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.01.555834v1" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 Spike amyloid fibrils specifically and selectively accelerates amyloid fibril formation of human prion protein and the amyloid β peptide</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Differences in syncytia formation by SARS-CoV-2 variants modify host chromatin accessibility and cellular senescence via TP53</strong> -
<div>
COVID-19 remains a significant public health threat due to the ability of SARS-CoV-2 variants to evade the immune system and cause breakthrough infections. Although pathogenic coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV lead to severe respiratory infections, how these viruses affect the chromatin proteomic composition upon infection remains largely uncharacterized. Here we used our recently developed integrative DNA And Protein Tagging (iDAPT) methodology to identify changes in host chromatin accessibility states and chromatin proteomic composition upon infection with pathogenic coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 infection induces TP53 stabilization on chromatin, which contributes to its host cytopathic effect. We mapped this TP53 stabilization to the SARS-CoV-2 spike and its propensity to form syncytia, a consequence of cell-cell fusion. Differences in SARS-CoV-2 spike variant-induced syncytia formation modify chromatin accessibility, cellular senescence, and inflammatory cytokine release via TP53. Our findings suggest that differences in syncytia formation alter senescence-associated inflammation, which varies among SARS-CoV-2 variants.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.08.31.555625v1" target="_blank">Differences in syncytia formation by SARS-CoV-2 variants modify host chromatin accessibility and cellular senescence via TP53</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>THE EFFECT OF ARGININE AND GLUTAMINE ON COVID-19 PATIENTS OUTCOME: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Dietary Supplement: Neomune<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Universitas Sriwijaya;   M. Djamil General Hospital<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Phase 2/3 2nd Generation E1/E2B/E3-Deleted Adenoviral COVID-19 Vaccine: The TCELLVACCINE TRIAL</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: hAd5-S-Fusion+N-ETSD;   Biological: Placebo (0.9% (w/v) saline)<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   ImmunityBio, Inc.<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>KAND567 Versus Placebo in Subjects Hospitalized With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: KAND567;   Drug: Microcrystalline cellulose<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Kancera AB<br/><b>Terminated</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Aerobic Training for Rehabilitation of Patients With Post Covid-19 Syndrome</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Post-COVID-19 Syndrome;   Long-COVID-19 Syndrome<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: Aerobic Exercise Training<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   University of Witten/Herdecke;   Institut für Rehabilitationsforschung Norderney<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Pilot Clinical Evaluation of Astepro® Nasal Spray for Management of Early SARS-CoV-2 Infection</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Experimental: Primary Cohort;   Other: Placebo Comparator: Primary Cohort - Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University of Chicago<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Digital Health Literacy on COVID-19 for All: Co-creation and Evaluation of Interventions for Ethnic Minorities and Chinese People With Chronic Illnesses in Hong Kong</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Digital Health Literacy;   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: Digital health literacy intervention<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   The Hong Kong Polytechnic University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Comparative Immunogenicity of Concomitant vs Sequential mRNA COVID-19 and Influenza Vaccinations</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Influenza;   COVID-19;   Influenza Immunogencity;   COVID-19 Immunogenicity<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: Simultaneous Vaccination (Influenza Vaccine and mRNA COVID booster);   Biological: Sequential Vaccination (Influenza vaccine then mRNA COVID booster);   Biological: Sequential Vaccination (mRNA COVID booster then Influenza vaccine)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Duke University;   Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;   Arizona State University;   University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center;   University of Pittsburgh;   Washington University School of Medicine;   Valleywise Health;   VA Northeast Ohio Health Care;   Senders Pediatrics<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy in Adults With Sickle Cell Disease</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Sickle Cell Disease;   COVID-19 Vaccine;   Vaccine Hesitancy<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: SCD-specific COVID-19 vaccination information (SCVI) video<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Duke University;   American Society of Hematology<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effect of Pulmonary Rehabilitation Among Post-COVID-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Pulmonary Pathology<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: Pulmonary Rehabilitation<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Recovered From COVID-19 Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Bronchoalveolar Lavage<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Procedure: Bronchoalveolar Lavage<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Mohamed Abd Elmoniem Mohamed;   Marwa Salah Abdelrazek Ghanem;   Mohammad Khairy El-Badrawy;   Tamer Ali Elhadidy;   Dalia Abdellateif Abdelghany<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Tianeptine in the Treatment of Covid Fog Symptoms in Patients After COVID-19.</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Nervous System Diseases<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Tianeptine;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Military Institute od Medicine National Research Institute;   ABM Industries<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effects of Cognitive-behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Nurses With Post Covid-19 Condition</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Cognitive Behavioral Therapy<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: cognitive behavioral therapy<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Tri-Service General Hospital<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Effectiveness of Natural Resources for Reducing Stress</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Distress, Emotional;   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Combination Product: Balneotherapy plus complex;   Combination Product: Combined nature resources treatment;   Other: Nature therapy procedure<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Klaipėda University;   Research Council of Lithuania<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study of LAU-7b for the Treatment of Long COVID in Adults</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Long COVID<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: LAU-7b for 3 cycles;   Drug: LAU-7b for 1 cycle, then placebo;   Other: Placebo for 3 cycles<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Laurent Pharmaceuticals Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Complementary and Integrative Medicine as an Online Intervention in Patients With Post-covid Syndrome After COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Post-COVID Syndrome<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Behavioral: Complementary and Integrative Medicine online intervention, routine care and book;   Behavioral: Routine care and book<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Charite University, Berlin, Germany<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antimicrobial effect of oral care gel containing hinokitiol and 4-isopropyl-3-methylphenol against intraoral pathogenic microorganisms</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that oral care gel-containing hinokitiol and IPMP has strong biofilm formation inhibitory activity, as well as antifungal and antimicrobial effects against Candida fungi and multiple intraoral pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, it may be a promising treatment option for oral infections.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Inhibition of the Cellular Deubiquitinase UCHL1 Suppresses SARS-CoV-2 Replication</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hybrid molecules based on an emodin scaffold. Synthesis and activity against SARS-CoV-2 and <em>Plasmodium</em></strong> - Since the Covid-19 epidemic, it has been clear that the availability of small and affordable drugs that are able to efficiently control viral infections in humans is still a challenge in medicinal chemistry. The synthesis and biological activities of a series of hybrid molecules that combine an emodin moiety and other structural moieties expected to act as possible synergistic pharmacophores in a single molecule were studied. Emodin has been reported to block the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 virus…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The molecular mechanism of non-covalent inhibitor WU-04 targeting SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro and computational evaluation of its effectiveness against mainstream coronaviruses</strong> - There is an urgent need for highly effective therapeutic agents to interrupt the continued spread of SARS-CoV-2. As a pivotal protease in the replication process of coronaviruses, the 3CLpro protein is considered as a potential target of drug development to stop the spread and infection of the virus. In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to elucidate the molecular mechanism of a novel and highly effective non-covalent inhibitor, WU-04, targeting the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The use of <em>Ephedra</em> herbs in the treatment of COVID-19</strong> - CONCLUSION: Some plants used in traditional medicine, including the Ephedra herbs, with their active compounds, can be considered a candidate with high potential for the control and prevention of COVID-19.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Integrated network pharmacology analysis and in vitro validation revealed the underlying mechanism of Xiyanping injection in treating coronavirus disease 2019</strong> - CONCLUSION: Through effective network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking, this study suggests that XYP contains many effective compounds that may target COVID-19 related signaling pathways. Moreover, the in vitro experiment confirmed that XYP could inhibit the cytokine storm by regulating genes or proteins related to immune and inflammatory responses.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Engineered clinical-grade mesenchymal stromal cells combating SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants by secreting effective neutralizing antibodies</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggested that engineered clinical-grade MSCs secreting effective neutralizing antibodies as cellular production machines had the potential to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection, which provided a new avenue for effectively treating the older and immunocompromised COVID-19 patients.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>CircMIB2 therapy can effectively treat pathogenic infection by encoding a novel protein</strong> - The mRNA therapy is widely used in the treatment of diseases due to its efficient characteristics, and the COVID-19 vaccine is the application of mRNA therapy. However, due to the instability of mRNA, mRNA vaccines often need lots of modifications to ensure its stability. Recent research shows that circRNA with stable RNA structure can encode protein, which provides a new direction for mRNA therapy. Here, we discovered a novel circRNA (circMIB2) derived from E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MIB2…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Social network, political climate, income inequality, and Americans uptake of monovalent COVID-19 booster</strong> - The COVID-19 pandemic has posed an unprecedented impact on Americans for over three years. To control the damage, a booster shot becomes increasingly necessary because the efficacy of the initial vaccine is waning and new variants of the virus are emerging. This study aims to understand factors at both individual and state levels that influence one’s decision to take the monovalent booster. We merged data from a national survey administered in the Spring of 2022 with state-level indicators of…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Reduced concentration performance and heartbeat-evoked potential in individuals with a history of a SARS-CoV-2 infection</strong> - The goal of characterizing long-term psychological and neural consequences of a SARS-CoV-2 infection has recently gained importance. Here, we examined the effect of a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection on neural markers of exteroceptive (P300) and interoceptive (heartbeat-evoked potential; HEP) signal processing, as well as on neuropsychological tests of attention, inhibition and episodic memory, in 23 adults with a self-reported history of SARS-CoV-2 infection versus 23 healthy controls. We found that…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Posttranslational ISGylation of NLRP3 by HERCs enzymes facilitates inflammasome activation in models of inflammation</strong> - The NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a crucial component of the innate immune system that initiates inflammatory responses. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of NLRP3, including ubiquitination and phosphorylation, control inflammasome activation and determine the intensity of inflammation. However, the role of other PTMs in controlling NLRP3 inflammasome activation remains unclear. This study founded that toll-like receptor (TLR) priming induced…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>We Cannot Put This Genie Back in the Bottle: Qualitative Interview Study Among Family Medicine Providers About Their Experiences With Virtual Visits During the COVID-19 Pandemic</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the transition from in-person to virtual visits during the pandemic from the perspective of family medicine providers. Generally, family medicine providers’ perceptions of the shift to virtual visits were positive, especially regarding team-based care. Challenges involved virtual inhibition, particularly for providers. Providers described ways they integrated virtual care with aspects of in-person care, creating a hybrid environment. The genie is out of the…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Behavioral Inhibition System and Engagement With, and Influence By, COVID-19 and Election-Based Misinformation</strong> - The negative impact of misinformation on public discourse and public safety is increasingly a focus of attention. From the COVID-19 pandemic to national elections, exposure to misinformation has been linked to conflicting perceptions of social, economic, and political issues, which has been found to lead to polarization, radicalization, and acts of violence at the individual and group level. While a large body of research has emerged examining the development and spread of misinformation, little…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Arbidol increases the survival rate by mitigating inflammation in suckling mice infected with human coronavirus OC43 virus</strong> - Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) often causes common cold and is able to neuroinvasive, but it can also induce lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) especially in children and the elderly adults with underlying diseases. HCoV-OC43 infections currently have no approved antiviral treatment. Arbidol (ARB) is a broad-spectrum antiviral and is an antiviral medication for the treatment of influenza used in Russia and China. Due to its multiple mechanisms of action, such as inhibition of viral…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Immunogenicity and safety assessment of a SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike RBD protein vaccine (Abdala) in paediatric ages 3-18 years old: a double-blinded, multicentre, randomised, phase 1/2 clinical trial (ISMAELILLO study)</strong> - BACKGROUND: COVID-19 in paediatric ages could result in hospitalizations and death. In addition, excluding children from vaccination could turn them into reservoirs of the SARS-COV-2. Safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines are urgently needed for large-scale paediatric vaccination. ISMAELILLO study aimed to evaluate safety and immunogenicity of two strengths of a new recombinant receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein vaccine (Abdala) in paediatric population.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Virtual-Reality School as the Ultimate School Choice</strong> - The conservative education activist Erika Donalds envisions a world where parents unsatisfied with their public schools can opt out by putting their kids in a headset. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/annals-of-education/virtual-reality-school-as-the-ultimate-school-choice">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Twilight of Mitch McConnell and the Spectre of 2024</strong> - On the dangerous reign of the octogenarians. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-bidens-washington/the-twilight-of-mitch-mcconnell-and-the-spectre-of-2024">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Texas’s Dying Swimming Holes</strong> - Taking a dip in the summer was as central to the state’s identity as barbecue and Willie Nelson. Then came a population boom and climate change. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-the-southwest/texass-dying-swimming-holes">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mark Thompson, CNN’s New White Knight</strong> - After a turbulent year under new ownership, the cable news network is hoping that Mark Thompson, a veteran of the Times and the BBC, can turn things around. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/annals-of-communications/cnns-new-white-knight-mark-thompson">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hurricane Idalia’s Explosive Power Comes from Abnormally Hot Oceans</strong> - By burning fossil fuels, humans force the oceans to soak up the heat equivalent of a Hiroshima-size bomb, over and over again. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/annals-of-a-warming-planet/hurricane-idalias-explosive-power-comes-from-abnormally-hot-oceans">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>A Canadian study gave $7,500 to homeless people. Here’s how they spent it.</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="A man holds a sign reading Canada: Land of the homeless. " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/XMA-HV8qzmvlBtRO4mlYvVPnPkw=/313x0:3782x2602/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/67694954/canada_homeless_GettyImages_96726662.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
A man protests homelessness in Vancouver. Around 235,000 Canadians experience homelessness each year, and the rates continue to rise. | Mark Ralston/AFP via Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The results show the power of cash transfers to reduce homelessness.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="llPof8">
Ray, a man in his 50s, used to live in an emergency homeless shelter in Vancouver, Canada. Then he participated in a study that changed his life. He was able to pay for a place to live and courses to prepare him for his dream job.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WHXa3C">
The <a href="https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2222103120">newly published, peer reviewed PNAS study</a>, conducted by the charity <a href="https://forsocialchange.org/">Foundations for Social Change</a> in partnership with the University of British Columbia, was fairly<strong> </strong>simple. It identified 50 people in the Vancouver area who had become homeless in the past two years. In spring 2018, it gave them each one lump sum of $7,500 (in Canadian dollars). And it told them to do whatever they wanted with the cash.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZLwmfm">
“At first, I thought it was a little far-fetched — too good to be true,” Ray said. “I went with one of the program representatives to a bank and we opened up a bank account for me. Even after the money was there, it took me a week for it to sink in.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RgCrje">
Over the next year, the study followed up with the recipients periodically, asking how they were spending the money and what was happening in their lives. Because they were participating in a randomized controlled trial, their outcomes were compared to those of a control group: 65 homeless people who didn’t receive any cash. Both cash recipients and people in the control group got access to workshops and coaching focused on developing life skills and plans.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qUxcJV">
Separately, the research team conducted a survey, asking 1,100 people to predict how recipients of an unconditional $7,500 transfer would spend the cash. They predicted that recipients would spend 81 percent more on “temptation goods” like alcohol, drugs, or tobacco if they were homeless than if they were not.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wDWHO2">
The results proved that prediction wrong. The recipients of the cash transfers did not increase spending on drugs, tobacco, and alcohol, but did increase spending on food, clothes, and rent, according to self-reports. What’s more, they moved into stable housing faster and saved enough money to maintain financial security over the year of follow-up.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="G1TRWZ">
“Counter to really harmful stereotypes, we saw that people made wise financial choices,” Claire Williams, the CEO of Foundations for Social Change, told me.
</p>
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The study, though small, offers a counter to the myths that people who become poor get that way because they’re bad at rational decision-making and self-control, and are thus intrinsically to blame for their situation, and that people getting free money will blow it on frivolous things or addictive substances. <a href="https://www.givedirectly.org/research-on-cash-transfers/">Studies have</a> <a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/research/dime/brief/Cash-Transfers-and-Temptation-Goods">consistently shown</a> that cash transfers don’t increase the consumption of “temptation goods”; they either decrease it or have no effect on it.
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“I have been working with people experiencing homelessness as a family physician for years and I am in no way surprised that the people who received this cash used it wisely,” Gary Bloch, <a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/5/3/18524482/canada-health-doctor-prescribing-money-income-poverty">a Canadian doctor who prescribes money to low-income patients</a>, told me.
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“It should be fairly self-evident by now that providing cash to people who are very low-income will have a positive effect,” he added. “We have seen that in other work (conditional cash transfer programs in Latin America, guaranteed annual income studies in Manitoba), and I would expect a similar outcome here.”
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What’s more, according to Foundations for Social Change, giving out the cash transfers in the Vancouver area actually saved the broader society money. Enabling 50 people to move into housing faster saved the shelter system $8,277 per person over the year, for a total savings of $413,850. That’s more than the value of the cash transfers, which means the transfers pay for themselves.
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The research team also looked at what’s effective at changing the public perception about cash transfers to homeless people. They found that pointing out how cash transfers actually produce net savings for society, as well as showing how homeless people spend the money, are both effective ways to counter stereotypes among the public.
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“People think that the status quo is cheap, but it’s actually incredibly expensive,” Williams said. “So why don’t we just give people the cash they need to transform their lives?”
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The benefits — and limitations — of giving people free money
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Williams developed the idea for experiment, called the New Leaf Project, when her co-founder sent her a link to a 2014 TED talk by the historian <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/7/26/8909436/rutger-bregman-utopia-for-realists-ubi-open-borders">Rutger Bregman</a> titled <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aIL_Y9g7Tg0">“Why we should give everyone a basic income.”</a> It argued that the most effective way to help people is to simply give them cash.
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The general idea behind basic income — that the government should give every citizen a monthly infusion of free money with no strings attached — has gained momentum in the past few years, with <a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2020/2/19/21112570/universal-basic-income-ubi-map">several countries running pilot programs to test it</a>.
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And the evidence so far shows that getting a basic income tends to boost <a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/2/9/18217566/finland-basic-income">happiness</a>, <a href="https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/nze99z/the-mincome-experiment-dauphin">health</a>, <a href="https://www.centreforpublicimpact.org/case-study/basic-income-grant-big-namibia/">school attendance</a>, and <a href="https://www.vox.com/2019/4/6/18297452/finland-basic-income-free-money-canada">trust in social institutions</a>, while <a href="https://publicpolicy.wharton.upenn.edu/live/files/308-summary-universal-basic-income">reducing crime</a>. Recipients generally spend the money on <a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/10/8/20902839/universal-basic-income-stockton-trial">necessities like food, clothes, and utility bills</a>.
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But Williams and her collaborators decided that rather than give people monthly payments, they’d give one big lump sum. “The <a href="https://www.princeton.edu/haushofer/publications/Haushofer_Shapiro_UCT_QJE_2016.pdf">research</a> shows that if you give people a larger sum of cash upfront, it triggers long-term thinking,” as opposed to just keeping people in survival mode, Williams explained. “You can’t think about maybe registering for a course to advance your life when you don’t have enough money to put food on the table. The big lump sum at the front end gives people a lot more agency.”
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That’s what it did for Ray. In addition to getting housing, he used the cash transfer to take the courses he needed to become a front-line worker serving people with addictions. “Now I can work in any of the shelters and community centers in the area,” he told me, adding that receiving a cash transfer had felt like a vote of confidence. “It gives the person their own self-esteem, that they were trusted.”
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Not everyone was eligible for a cash transfer, however. The study only enrolled participants who’d been homeless for under two years, with the idea that early intervention most effectively reduces the risk of people incurring trauma as a result of living without a home. And people with severe mental health or substance use issues were screened out of the initiative. Williams said this was not out of a belief that there are “deserving poor” and “undeserving poor” — a woefully <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/12/the-undeserving-poor/266507/">persistent frame on poverty</a> — but out of a desire to avoid creating a risk of harm and to ensure the highest likelihood of success.
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“If there was null effect from people receiving the cash, from an investor perspective it could be seen as a ‘waste of money’ because it didn’t actually demonstrate impact in somebody’s life,” Williams said. “We just wanted to start small, and the idea is that with subsequent iterations we’ll start relaxing those parameters.”
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She also said it was a difficult decision to include a control group of people who wouldn’t receive any cash, but ultimately, the control group was deemed necessary to prove impact. “We knew that we needed the rigor, because people would be skeptical about giving people cash. We wanted that evidence base that can assuage some of people’s concerns when they want to see the hard facts,” she told me.
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Going forward, the research team plans to try replicating this study with a much bigger sample of people, and expanding it to other cities in Canada and the US. Based on feedback from study participants and a Lived Experience Advisory Panel — a group of people who’ve experienced homelessness — the team will offer a new array of non-cash supports to both the cash recipients and the control group, including a free smartphone.
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The team also hopes to work with other populations, like people exiting prison and people exiting sex work. To Williams, the time feels ripe.
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“I think the pandemic has really softened people’s attitudes to the need for an emergency cash payment when people fall upon hard times,” she said.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NNjgdU">
In fact, Canadian lawmakers are currently considering a <a href="https://www.parl.ca/DocumentViewer/en/44-1/bill/S-233/first-reading#:~:text=SUMMARY,with%20respect%20to%20the%20framework">bill</a> that would create a national framework for a guaranteed income to cover basic living expenses for people over age 17. That would include temporary workers, permanent residents, and refugee claimants.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BiHpmU">
It’s worth noting that cash on its own probably isn’t enough to end homelessness.
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“While I have no problem with providing cash to people who need money, the solution to homelessness is housing,” Bloch told me. “Especially in a city like Vancouver where housing supply is low and rents are astronomical, it will be very hard to sustain a homelessness intervention without offering long-term affordable housing. I would not want to see these findings used to take pressure off the critical need to provide both long-term affordable housing and long-term income security.”
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That said, Bloch added, “If this study serves to counteract some people’s perception that people who are homeless and/or low-income can’t be trusted with extra income, that’s great. It’s a myth we need to bury once and for all.”
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<em><strong>Update, September 2, 8 am: </strong></em><em>This story was originally published on October 27, 2020, and has been updated to include details about the peer-reviewed study on the New Leaf Project, and about Canada’s guaranteed income bill. </em>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VK0ozh">
<a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect-newsletter"><em><strong>Sign up for the Future Perfect newsletter</strong></em></a>. <em>Twice a week, you’ll get a roundup of ideas and solutions for tackling our biggest challenges: improving public health, decreasing human and animal suffering, easing catastrophic risks, and — to put it simply — getting better at doing good. </em>
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<li><strong>Consider the road trip</strong> -
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<img alt="An illustration of a car parked on the edge of a cliff, as a man and a dog sit and look out at a beach in the distance." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/AdQAZJAtqUU44SKO4Y86ql1prrI=/164x0:4735x3428/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/72604974/GettyImages_1326411737.0.jpg"/>
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Avoid the airport chaos, roll your windows down, and take to the road for a trip to remember. | Getty Images/fStop
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Airports are a nightmare. What about driving instead?
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The theory of relativity is felt most strongly in a vehicle. A broken AC, busted speakers, or your brother-in-law’s stories from his frat days can make the miles pass so slowly, you wonder if the universe needs a change of battery. Yet, sitting shotgun with the love of your life with a perfect windows-down breeze, it feels like you could drive for days.
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There’s only so much you can control inside a car, and how much you prepare will make all the difference in how your ride feels. So if you’re planning a long car trip and the road ahead feels daunting, we’ve gathered some tips from experts to help. I personally became an expert last year, by surviving, nay, thriving, on a 10-day trip moving from one corner of the country to the other.
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Here’s how you can put more joy into travel on the open road.
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<h2 id="i1H9tk">
Why the car?
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The open road has become the shinier option again as airports around the country descend into madness. The shortage of <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-future-of-flying-more-delays-more-cancellations-more-chaos/">32,000</a> commercial pilots, mechanics, and air traffic controllers is estimated to cause issues for the next 10 years.
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Even if you avoid the long security lines and the nearly <a href="https://www.transtats.bts.gov/OT_Delay/OT_DelayCause1.asp?20=E">one out of every four</a> flights that are delayed, you’re packed tight with The Others, unable to move your elbows without having to apologize. Of course a plane is faster than a car, but if you factor in the 90-minute arrival window, drive to the airport, luggage wait time, and driving to your destination, it may be closer in duration than you might initially think.
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In your own car, there’s a looser limit on what you can pack, and you can take more than a three-day supply of shampoo. Plus, driving yourself can save you the trouble of needing to book a rental car for your destination.
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In a <a href="https://www.utires.com/articles/road-trips-survey/">survey by United Tires</a>, almost nine out of 10 people said road trips are “one of the best ways for families to bond.” Or kill each other. Let’s help you make it the first one.
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Primp and prep your ride
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“Do we need seat cushions?” I texted my best friend.
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“No,” she responded so quickly that I was sure she knew my Amazon cart was full of anxiety purchases. She would soon fly to Seattle to drive with me and all my worldly possessions 2,993 miles to Florida, across the street from her house, where I was moving. I was determined to make sure that the 43 hours we would spend in the car together would not be a stress test of our friendship.
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I was in disaster-prevention mode. How could we keep the vibe high?
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I tried to think of anything that could be mildly annoying. My first thought was the sun. For this, I got two sets of sun shades, and they were the MVP of the trip. The <a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00X2TUW1I/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_asin_title_o06_s02?ie=UTF8&amp;psc=1">first set</a> expanded on wire rims and stuck to the glass, and were see-through. They gave us shade, but didn’t black out the outside world entirely.
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The <a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0B2PYX8ZJ/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_asin_title_o06_s01?ie=UTF8&amp;th=1">second set</a> came in the shape of each window of the vehicle, and used magnets to stick to the frame, providing a complete opaque box. This made security easier, with no one being able to see in the car. It also made it into a dressing room when needed.
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I purchased <a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09XJ6MV2B/ref=syn_sd_onsite_desktop_0?ie=UTF8&amp;pd_rd_plhdr=t&amp;th=1">seat belt covers</a>, so that in our summer tank tops, we didn’t have rough straps digging into our collarbones. Even to this day, when people get in my car, they feel them and say “Ooh.”
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I probably didn’t need the <a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B07RM1PRLS/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_asin_title_o04_s00?ie=UTF8&amp;th=1">padded steering wheel cover</a>, but you know what, that breathable microfiber was a lifesaver on my sweaty hands driving at noon in the Nebraska sun.
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The glove compartment had reading material, wipes, and napkins. I made sure a cooler was accessible, and to keep things exciting, I brought bougie treats to ration out across the journey, from smoked salmon to a ginger dark chocolate bar. We packed reusable plastic plates and bamboo cutlery to reduce waste.
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I also organized the hell out of the car. I have one of those deep center consoles, and I put mini Tupperware in there to separate and store coins, cords, and various sauce packets I’ve collected, a habit I became more serious about since I heard about <a href="https://www.today.com/food/man-trapped-snow-5-days-survived-taco-bell-hot-sauce-t149767">that man</a> trapped in his snowed-in vehicle who survived five days on <a href="https://www.newsweek.com/man-eats-sauce-packets-taco-bell-survive-five-days-trapped-snow-fire-sauce-1350018">Taco Bell hot sauce</a>. My best friend mocked this sauce container, until she got a gas station sandwich on the very last day that, lo and behold, lacked both mayo and mustard, two mainstays stocked in the sauce container.
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Safety first
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If you’re handy, you can check out your car yourself. Look at the brakes, tires, and fluids. But if you’re anything like me, you should get a professional thumbs up.
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“If you’re maintaining your car properly, you may not need to take it to a mechanic or a technician to have them take a look at it,” said David Bennett of AAA, an ASE master certified technician with more than 35 years in the industry. Be sure to head to the mechanic shop well in advance of your road trip — don’t take your car in the week of or day before your trip. “If something’s wrong, and they have to order a part, you want to give them time to be able to do that,” Bennett said.
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AAA’s <a href="https://www.aaa.com/autorepair/articles/what-to-have-in-your-car-emergency-kit">emergency kit list</a> includes a flashlight and extra batteries, first-aid supplies, drinking water, non-perishable snacks for both people and pets, car battery booster cables, emergency flares or reflectors, a rain poncho, a basic tool kit, duct tape, gloves, and shop rags or paper towels. May I also recommend peanut M&amp;Ms?
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Bennett also suggests bringing a blanket or towel to lie down on in case you need to look under the car, and gloves in case things get messy (or in case the chocolate melts).
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Other safety tips include a paper map, because you never know when GPS can fail. And also, please, get a phone holder that <em>actually</em> holds the phone. Not the one you bought off Instagram with a suction cup that couldn’t hold a pouf to a shower tile. Who wants to spend time searching the floor of the passenger side for your iPhone? It’s as annoying as it is unsafe.
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Speaking of emergencies, let’s talk music. Download your playlists in advance so you don’t lose your flow. I have a playlist called “<a href="https://open.spotify.com/playlist/5FSKLd6UqYe13ZxC2i41Vd?si=zxUpm4quTTyYV0E8WLJRwA">Belting</a>,” which is my favorite list to sing, and you may create more harmony in the car if you use Spotify’s Blend feature, which creates playlists that pull from each person’s taste.
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It’s a great idea to discuss the entertainment ahead of time. If you run out of things to talk about, you might have lined up a podcast you both want to check out. If you’re not lucky enough to be traveling with someone you’re particularly close to, it might be a good idea to fill the air with an audiobook.
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“If you’re traveling with a friend, have them bring their favorite album, or their favorite mix or whatever,” said Bennett, “and see if maybe you’ll learn something new.”
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Plan for the what-ifs
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While you’re out there on the open road, you still have to think about being prepared.
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“I would not let your gas tank fall below a quarter of a tank at any point in time,” Bennett said. “Because you never know when you could get stuck. We’ve seen it in wintertime. We’ve seen it in summertime.”
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It’s only when people are stuck for hours that they usually remember that gas is their entire power source on the road. You need gas for heating and for cooling, as well as the radio and even to charge your phone.
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He also suggested packing a cooler with drinks and food, evoking the <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/cars-far-can-see-drivers-stranded-hours-95-virginia-winter-storm-rcna10840">2022 I-95 shutdown in Virginia</a> that had some people locked in their vehicles overnight.
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“Plan ahead for the what-ifs,” he said.
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Aside from entertainment, it’s good to come with at least a loose route and stopping plan. The king of the road trip apps in my opinion is <a href="https://roadtrippers.com/plus/?utm_source=bing&amp;utm_medium=cpc&amp;utm_campaign=381870787&amp;adgroupid=1168781278804493&amp;utm_content=73048917301496&amp;utm_term=roadtrippers&amp;matchtype=e&amp;network=s&amp;device=c&amp;msclkid=724b04309b0a16adcc5160e553f00493">Roadtrippers</a>, which allows you to create a trip and search along the route for everything from places to camp to restaurants to mechanics. You can add stops to your trip, and get automatic estimated drive time and gas cost. You can add collaborators to share the trip, so that your passenger has a way to find out how much time you have left without interrupting your high notes during “Bohemian Rhapsody.”
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Roadtrippers has the option to get offline maps, but it’s still a good idea to bring a printed map for any location you’re planning to drive through.
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Who are you wearing?
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“It’s all about the clothing,” said Brandon Schultz, contributor to <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Fodors-Best-Road-Trips-USA/dp/1640974571/ref=pd_ybh_a_sccl_11/141-0365352-8785865?pd_rd_w=SB7t0&amp;content-id=amzn1.sym.67f8cf21-ade4-4299-b433-69e404eeecf1&amp;pf_rd_p=67f8cf21-ade4-4299-b433-69e404eeecf1&amp;pf_rd_r=7RC0QWDTSEMHEY41JA86&amp;pd_rd_wg=6fDk7&amp;pd_rd_r=ea77d5ab-f3b2-41dc-b22b-feb03beb7419&amp;pd_rd_i=1640974571&amp;psc=1"><em>Fodor’s Best Road Trips in the USA</em></a>. “With so much time spent sitting in a small space, you’ve got to be comfortable.”
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He suggests loose-fitting clothes, and long sleeves and pants whenever possible to keep you warmer when it’s cold outside, but also keep you comfortable if the air conditioner is on in summer. He also mentioned that the extra padding with layered clothing helps pad your joints when jostling with the car doors, consoles, and each other.
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But it’s also important to not overpack.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qIdAX8">
“I’m a chronic overpacker, so I know it’s not easy, but you will spend a lot of time cooped up in a vehicle, wishing for more space,” said Schultz. “Luggage, entertainment, snacks — it all eats up the little room you already have, so bring less and thank yourself later.”
</p>
<h2 id="5flzwP">
Consider your personal security
</h2>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="98341z">
Kay Kingsman, who writes <a href="https://theawkwardtraveller.com/all-about-kay-kingsman/">The Awkward Traveller</a>, started road tripping as an Army brat, making drives like Alabama to California with every move.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="SHXF99">
She loves the freedom of the road, the fact that you can be spontaneous, turning down any side road you want. But, as a Black woman, she also must consider her safety. Many cities have Black Facebook groups that she uses as a resource for road tripping.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AzrGMO">
“If I’m driving somewhere I’ve never been, I will post in that group asking if there’s any particular spots or towns along the drive that I should avoid stopping through (aka <a href="https://www.abhmuseum.org/sundown-towns-the-past-and-present-of-racial-segregation/">sundown-esque towns</a>) just for an added bit of reassurance in my drive from people in the area,” she said. It’s a sad reality, but drivers should always consider the safety of their route, surroundings, and destination.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="senFLu">
Kingsman keeps a taser and pepper spray in her car just in case. And once, when she was followed for about an hour, even off an exit and into a parking lot, she was glad to have her dashcam.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7Fk82C">
If she’s traveling alone, she plans ahead so that she won’t have to stop for gas in the dark. With this, she travels by herself quite a bit, recently completing two months driving around 14 states in the southeastern US. “I usually do at least one good road trip a year,” she said, “if not more.”
</p>
<h2 id="DoaBXb">
Lessons from 10 days on the road
</h2>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iDCG8X">
It helps to vary the style of travel from day to day. My best friend and I drove two long days, including one of 12 hours on the road, in order to make it for Tedeschi Trucks at Red Rocks. Then we rested for two days. We stayed with friends, and we stayed in a nice hotel. The trip felt like a flight of beer, but for cities. A taste of Park City, a sip of Nashville.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uRner3">
Make time for silliness. We pulled over for the <a href="https://www.tripadvisor.com/Attraction_Review-g39147-d12449395-Reviews-World_s_Largest_Czech_Egg-Wilson_Kansas.html">world’s largest Czech egg</a>, and we were not disappointed. Communicate about the goals for reaching the location and how much temporal padding to have; enough so that you can dally, but not so much that you stress out your co-pilots.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HzgDCw">
And with all the prep, the drive turned from a chore to an adventure, the miles under our tires practically the best part.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Oy8zxJ">
<a href="https://www.vox.com/authors/paulette-perhach"><em>Paulette Perhach</em></a><em> is a freelance writer and writing coach covering creativity, personal finance, business, life design, and travel.</em>
</p>
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</p>
<h2 id="dcAKus">
</h2></li>
<li><strong>The US economy still seems to be avoiding a recession</strong> -
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<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/LXs13gqDS4N4SJaygxPAlJDoQ7s=/693x0:8032x5504/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/72602943/1573491530.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell speaks during a news conference on July 26, 2023 in Washington, DC. | Chen Mengtong/China News Service/VCG via Getty Images
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The US added 187,000 jobs over the last month. It’s more than expected.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="A1Sogs">
In August, US job and wage growth slowed down and unemployment was up, according to the <a href="https://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.nr0.htm">US Bureau of Labor Statistics</a>. While that might not be great news for workers — as the unemployment rate is now up to 3.8 percent from 3.5 percent — it’s a signal that the Federal Reserve’s plan to get inflation under control and avert a recession appears to be working.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AVScxI">
That’s because the Fed sees high job and wage growth as a contributor to inflation: “The reduction in average job and wage growth is exactly what the Federal Reserve wants to see,” said Dante DeAntonio, senior director of Moody’s Analytics. “The Fed largely views the labor market as the most important battleground in its fight against above-target inflation.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RtzWuA">
The US added 187,000 jobs over the last month. It’s more than expected, but it’s still below the key figure of 200,000 — a number that had not been crossed for 29 consecutive months before June. Hourly earnings rose 4.3 percent, which is still above wage growth at this time last year. DeAntonio said that he expects wage growth to fall in the next few months. Overall, he said, the Fed would like to see wage growth at 3.5 percent or lower.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pjYYyi">
President Joe Biden touted the numbers during an <a href="https://twitter.com/POTUS/status/1697644262442275193?s=20">address</a> at the White House Friday. He’s been trying to <a href="https://www.newsweek.com/bidenomics-working-joe-biden-1822765">invoke “Bidenomics,” </a>a term encompassing his vision for the US economy, as a selling point for his 2024 reelection campaign — and as a weapon against his Republican rival, former President Donald Trump.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VnUIxX">
“It wasn’t that long ago that America was losing jobs,” Biden said. “In fact, my predecessor was one of only two presidents in history who entered his presidency and left with fewer jobs than when he entered.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Xp7XhR">
Financial analysts were looking to this jobs report for an indication as to whether the Fed will decide to raise interest rates again at its September meeting. It had <a href="https://www.vox.com/2023/7/26/23808688/interest-rates-federal-reserve-inflation">raised rates in July</a> after a brief pause to rate hikes the prior month — a move that some analysts <a href="https://www.vox.com/2023/7/26/23808688/interest-rates-federal-reserve-inflation">thought unnecessary</a> because the economy may have not had time to fully adjust to the previous 10 interest rate hikes over the last year, resulting in a potentially delayed contraction.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YgIlZK">
Last week, Fed Chair Jerome Powell said in a <a href="https://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/speech/powell20230825a.htm">speech</a> in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, that a “monetary policy response” might be necessary if high wage and job growth and labor force participation didn’t show signs of easing in August. He’s also repeatedly indicated that the Fed is looking to slow, but not stop, its aggressive approach to inflation until it reaches its 2 percent target rate.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="A5aOu8">
“The monetary policy implications of the August employment report are relatively high” since this is the last major report on the labor market before the September Fed meeting, DeAntonio said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9mVd1a">
The August jobs report brought welcome news in that respect, indicating the kind of cooling labor market that the Fed has been trying to reach.
</p>
<h3 id="Ml9Hg9">
Is a recession still unlikely?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hIuckM">
The new jobs report doesn’t seem to change the US’s recession outlook. The labor market is still resilient, but not overheating to the level that the Fed seems likely to further raise interest rates and potentially plunge the economy into the two consecutive quarters of negative gross domestic product growth required to qualify as a technical recession.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dqFXce">
Previously, a July Bloomberg survey of business economists found that a <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-07-24/economists-see-odds-of-us-recession-at-50-or-less-in-new-survey?in_source=embedded-checkout-banner">strong majority</a> believed that the likelihood of a recession in the next year was 50 percent or less. Powell also said in July that he <a href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/us/fed-staff-no-longer-forecasting-us-recession-powell-says-2023-07-26/">believed a recession was unlikely</a>. His staff projected a “noticeable slowdown in growth starting later this year in the forecast, but given the resilience of the economy recently, they are no longer forecasting a recession,” he said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QI8eOY">
Should the US avert a recession, any interest rate cuts still probably won’t happen until June 2024, Moody’s Analytics economist Matt Colyar <a href="https://www.vox.com/2023/7/26/23808688/interest-rates-federal-reserve-inflation">previously told Vox.</a>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NSzirr">
“I think they are going to sit and wait for upwards of a year,” he said. “And that aligns with inflation slowing, the [Fed board of governors] feeling really confident that inflation is where they need it to be, if not trending toward it.”
</p>
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</p>
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</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Suraj Prabodh triumphs</strong> -</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Asia Cup 2023: India vs Pakistan | Near-empty stands, lack of buzz raise eyebrows</strong> - India and Pakistan face each other in their Asia Cup 2023 Group A match at the Pallekele Stadium in Sri Lanka</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Asia Cup 2023: India vs Pakistan | Ishan Kishan and Hardik Pandya steady Indian innings after Pak bowlers strike quick blows</strong> - India and Pakistan are playing against each other after a gap of nearly four years</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Poker and Rummy are games of skill, concludes IIT-Delhi study</strong> - IIT-Delhi professor Tapan K. Gandhi says, ‘We found that both in the game of poker and rummy, the skill variables improve as the users play more and more games.’</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Novak Djokovic comes back after dropping the first 2 sets to beat Laslo Djere at the U.S. Open</strong> - Novak Djokovic beat Laslo Djere 4-6, 4-6, 6-1, 6-1, 6-3 in the third round of the U.S. Open to avoid what would have been his earliest exit there since 2006</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pregnant woman’s death in government hospital sparks protests at Yerragondapalem in Prakasam district</strong> -</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Army chief visits forward areas along LoC in J&amp;K’s Rajouri</strong> - “The COAS during his motivational interaction with the troops exhorted them for their continued professionalism.”</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>CBI files charge-sheet against three arrested Railway officials in Balasore triple train collision case</strong> - Along with forensic experts, agency officials had earlier visited the collision site after taking over the probe to gather evidence.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Madhya Pradesh Congress may tweak campaign strategy in the wake of sops offered by Bharatiya Janata Party</strong> - “We definitely played our cards [a bit too] early, and that gave time to the Shivraj Singh government to come up with these schemes,” said a senior Congress leader involved in State poll strategy</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Sin committed by installing ‘shivlings’ as fountains, LG should apologise to nation: Bharadwaj on G20 Summit prep</strong> - The Delhi minister also alleged that the BJP was “silent” after knowing that the shivling fountains were installed under beautification work being overseen by the LG.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine war: Putin influencers profiting from war propaganda</strong> - Russia’s military bloggers are reaping the rewards of a growing advertising market on Telegram.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine war: US sees ‘notable progress’ by Ukraine army in south</strong> - The US praise comes as Kyiv admits the fighting against strong Russian defensive lines is tough.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Macron looks on as France’s Africa policy crumbles</strong> - France’s post-colonial days are long gone and yet its influence in Francophone Africa is in tatters.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Paris says au revoir to rental e-scooters</strong> - The ban comes after a vote in the French capital - but is it democracy in action?</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Shock after popular bear shot dead in Italian town</strong> - A bear named Amarena is killed in central Italy and a man has claimed he opened fire out of fear.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>BMW’s Neue Klasse points to a radical reinvention for future sedans</strong> - Innovations making it to production include a full-screen heads-up display and e-ink. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1965050">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Two book readers recap a very non-book-ish Wheel of Time season 2 premiere</strong> - The Wheel turns, and new seasons come and pass, leaving reviews that become legend. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1965179">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Fungi could be the answer to breaking down plastic junk</strong> - Enzymes that break down a polymer in wood can also handle polyethylene. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1965224">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>New analysis suggests human ancestors nearly died out</strong> - Study claims 99% of human ancestors died off 930,000 years ago. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1965217">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hacker gains admin control of Sourcegraph and gives free access to the masses</strong> - We’ve said it before; we’ll say it again: Don’t put credentials in publicly available code. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1965211">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>what do you call a boat carrying penis shaped potatoes?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A dictatorship
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<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/pikseliveli"> /u/pikseliveli </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/167xff9/what_do_you_call_a_boat_carrying_penis_shaped/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/167xff9/what_do_you_call_a_boat_carrying_penis_shaped/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A lot of people are pretty upset about “fat shaming” jokes these days</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Maybe they need to lighten up
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/ES_FTrader"> /u/ES_FTrader </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/167lrqj/a_lot_of_people_are_pretty_upset_about_fat/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/167lrqj/a_lot_of_people_are_pretty_upset_about_fat/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Two drunk guys are standing atop a tall building</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
While opening another beer, one guy says “It’s crazy how windy it is up here!”<br/> The other answers in slurred speach “Yeah, it’s because of all the tall buildings here in the city center. This building is actually a special spot. There are such strong crosswinds here that you can actually jump off this ledge and the wind tunnel will blow you right back up to the roof. I think it’s called the Venturi effect or something.”<br/> Incredulously the first guy drunkenly exclaims “Bullshit! That’s impossible! Prove it! Show me, then maybe I’ll believe you!”<br/> Second guy goes “Sure. Hold my beer.” and steps off the ledge. He plummets towards the ground, passing the 25th floor, the 20th, the 15th until suddenly, at around the 8th floor, he seems to be pushed upwards and lands, somewhat unsteadily, back on top of the building.<br/> The first guy, eyes almost bulging out of his head, is completely amazed! “Holy shit! That actually works?!” Second guy takes back his beer and takes another swig. “Yeah, like I said. Crosswinds and stuff. It’s actually pretty awesome. You should try it!”<br/> But guy nr.1 is still unsure. “Hmm, do it again. If it works again, I’ll do it as well!”<br/> “Sure.” says the second guy, puts down his beer and steps off the roof again.<br/> Once more, he drops like a stone, passing the 25th floor, the 20th, the 15th until once more, at around the 8th floor, he rushes back to the top of the building.<br/> “Incredible!” yells the first drunk. “Now me!” and he hands his beer over to his companion and steps off the ledge. He streaks towards the ground, passing the 25th floor, the 20th, the 15th, the 8th, the 5th, 3rd and splatters onto the pavement.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
All of a sudden, Batman lands on the roof. Stands beside the second guy and looks down at the mess below.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Superman, when you are drunk you’re a real asshole.”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/KasreynGyre"> /u/KasreynGyre </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/167ytu9/two_drunk_guys_are_standing_atop_a_tall_building/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/167ytu9/two_drunk_guys_are_standing_atop_a_tall_building/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>What do you call it when a guy is going down on a girl and suddenly stops?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
McConnellingus.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Funny-Fortune2301"> /u/Funny-Fortune2301 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/167q3eh/what_do_you_call_it_when_a_guy_is_going_down_on_a/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/167q3eh/what_do_you_call_it_when_a_guy_is_going_down_on_a/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A different view of Three Little Pigs</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A teacher was reading the story of the Three Little Pigs to her class. She came to the part of the story where first pig was trying to gather the building materials for his home.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
She read “and so the pig went up to the man with the wheelbarrow full of straw and said:<br/> ’Pardon me sir, but may I have some of that straw to build my house?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The teacher paused then asked the class: “And what do you think the man said?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
One little boy raised his hand and said very matter of factly…<br/> “I think the man would have said -”Well, fuck me!! A talking pig!"
</p>
</div>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Waitsfornoone"> /u/Waitsfornoone </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/167hgjk/a_different_view_of_three_little_pigs/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/167hgjk/a_different_view_of_three_little_pigs/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
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