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<title>11 November, 2023</title>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Clinical and Economic impact of updated Fall 2023 COVID-19 vaccines in the Immunocompromised Population in Canada</strong> -
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Background: Immunocompromised (IC) individuals are at increased risk of COVID-19 infection-related severe outcomes. Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are available in Canada, and differences in vaccine effectiveness (VE) have been found between the two in IC individuals. The objective of this analysis was to compare the clinical and economic impact of a Moderna XBB.1.5 updated COVID-19 mRNA Fall 2023 vaccine to a Pfizer-BioNTech XBB.1.5 updated COVID-19 mRNA Fall 2023 vaccine in Canadian IC individuals aged ≥18 years. Methods: A static decision-analytic model estimated the number of COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, deaths, and resulting quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) over a one-year time horizon (September 2023-August 2024) in the Canadian IC adult population (n=894,580). Costs associated with COVID-19 infection were estimated from health care and societal perspectives. The predicted VE of the updated Moderna vaccine was based on prior variant versions, which were well-matched to the circulating variant. Pfizer-BioNTech VE was calculated based on a meta-analysis of comparative effectiveness between both vaccines (relative risk for Moderna vaccine: infection=0.85 [95%CI 0.75-0.97], hospitalization=0.88 [95%CI 0.79-0.97]). The model combined VE estimates with COVID-19 incidence and probability of COVID-19 related severe outcomes. Sensitivity analyses tested the impact of uncertainty surrounding incidence, hospitalization and mortality rates, costs, and QALYs. Results: Given the expected higher VE against infection and hospitalizations with the Moderna Fall 2023 vaccine, its use is predicted to prevent an additional 2,411 infections (3.6%), 275 hospitalizations (3.7%), and 47 deaths (4.0%) compared to the Pfizer-BioNTech Fall 2023 vaccine, resulting in 330 QALYs gained, and savings of $7.4M in infection treatment costs, and $0.9M in productivity loss costs. Results were most sensitive to variations in VE parameters, specifically the relative risk of infection and hospitalizations between the vaccines, and waning rates. Conclusions: If the Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech Fall 2023 vaccines protect against infection and hospitalizations similar to previous vaccines, using the Moderna Fall 2023 vaccine would result in substantial public health benefits in IC individuals, as well as provide health care and societal cost savings.
</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.11.10.23298369v1" target="_blank">Clinical and Economic impact of updated Fall 2023 COVID-19 vaccines in the Immunocompromised Population in Canada</a>
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<li><strong>Generation and characterization of a multi-functional panel of monoclonal antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 research and treatment</strong> -
<div>
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an ongoing threat to global public health. To this end, intense efforts are underway to develop reagents to aid in diagnostics, enhance preventative measures, and provide therapeutics for managing COVID-19. The recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants with enhanced transmissibility, altered antigenicity, and significant escape of existing monoclonal antibodies and vaccines underlines the importance of the continued development of such agents. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its receptor binding domain (RBD) are critical to viral attachment and host cell entry and are primary targets for antibodies elicited from both vaccination and natural infection. In this study, mice were immunized with two synthetic peptides (Pep 1 and Pep 2) within the RBD of the original Wuhan SARS-CoV-2, as well as the whole RBD as a recombinant protein (rRBD). Hybridomas were generated and a panel of three monoclonal antibodies, mAb CU-P1-1 against Pep 1, mAb CU-P2-20 against Pep 2, and mAb CU-28-24 against rRBD, were generated and further characterized. The monoclonal antibodies were shown through ELISA to be specific for each immunogen/antigen and to be reactive by immunoblotting against RBD. Monoclonal antibody CU-P1-1 has limited applicability other than in ELISA approaches and basic immunoblotting. Monoclonal antibody CU-P2-20 is shown to be favorable for ELISA, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC), however, not live virus neutralization. In contrast, mAb CU-28-24 is most effective at live virus neutralization as well as ELISA, immunoblotting, and IHC. Moreover, mAb CU-28-24 was active against rRBD proteins from Omicron variants B.2 and B.4/B5 as determined by ELISA, suggesting this mAb may neutralize live virus of these variants. Each of the immunoglobulin genes has been sequenced using Next Generation Sequencing, which allows the expression of respective recombinant proteins, thereby eliminating the need for long-term hybridoma maintenance. These hybridomas and related mAbs are now protected by Intellectual Property agreements with the Clemson University Research Foundation and are Patent Pending based on their unique amino acids within the complementary determining regions (CDRs).
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.11.08.566276v1" target="_blank">Generation and characterization of a multi-functional panel of monoclonal antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 research and treatment</a>
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<li><strong>The influence of COVID-19 fear beliefs on the relationships between positive mood and loss-of-control eating: a ten-day diary study</strong> -
<div>
Objectives: Loss-of-control eating (LOCE), a perceived inability to stop eating or to resist eating onset, is driven by mood. LOCE prevalence increased following onset of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 has been associated with significant increase in stressors, such as fear beliefs regarding contracting illness. Fear beliefs could in turn impact a relationship between mood and LOCE. It was also hypothesized that daily protective strategies meant to prevent contagion may be associated with LOCE, in line with ego depletion theory. Design: This was a two-phase study with a cross-sectional phase and daily diary design. Methods: 108 adults from the United States completed a diary study over ten days regarding daily LOCE, positive and negative mood, and protective behaviors against contagion. Participants rated COVID-fear beliefs at a baseline assessment, hypothesized to predict LOCE directly between subjects and have a cross-level interactive effect on predictors within-subjects. Data were analyzed both within- and between-subjects with a multilevel model. Results: Negative mood was associated with LOCE at both levels, although protective behaviors evinced no significant associations. Positive mood did not reveal significant direct associations with LOCE, although there was an interactive effect such that positive mood was a significant model predictor at low COVID fear beliefs. Johnson-Neyman analyses showed that when COVID-fear beliefs were low, positive mood had a significant inverse association with LOCE. Conclusion: Negative mood and protective strategies are directly associated with LOCE but the relationship between positive mood and LOCE may be moderated by the degree of COVID-19 fear beliefs.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/ta659/" target="_blank">The influence of COVID-19 fear beliefs on the relationships between positive mood and loss-of-control eating: a ten-day diary study</a>
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<li><strong>A comparison of four self-controlled study designs in an analysis of COVID-19 vaccines and myocarditis using five European databases</strong> -
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Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the possible extent of bias due to violation of a core assumption (event-dependent exposures) when using self-controlled designs to analyse the association between COVID-19 vaccines and myocarditis. Methods: We used data from five European databases (Spain: BIFAP, FISABIO VID, and SIDIAP; Italy: ARS-Tuscany; England: CPRD Aurum) converted to the ConcePTION Common Data Model. Individuals who experienced both myocarditis and were vaccinated against COVID-19 between 1 September 2020 and the end of data availability in each country were included. We compared a self-controlled risk interval study (SCRI) using a pre-vaccination control window, an SCRI using a post-vaccination control window, a standard SCCS and an extension of the SCCS designed to handle violations of the assumption of event-dependent exposures. Results: We included 1,757 cases of myocarditis. In unadjusted analyses, agreement between study designs varied by vaccine brand. There was good agreement between all designs for AstraZeneca and Pfizer, but for Moderna we found harmful incidence rate ratios (IRR) using the standard and extended SCCS (standard SCCS: IRR = 3.12, 95%CI = 1.53, 6.40; extended SCCS: IRR = 2.43, 95%CI = 1.11, 5.33) compared with no association with the SCRIs (SCRI-pre: IRR = 0.60, 95%CI = 0.27, 1.33; SCRI-post: IRR = 0.86, 95%CI = 0.34, 2.19), although confidence intervals were wide. There was very good agreement between all designs for the unadjusted second dose analyses, confirming the known harmful association between the second dose of Moderna and Pfizer vaccines and myocarditis. Conclusions: In the context of the known association between COVID-19 vaccines and myocarditis, we have demonstrated that two forms of SCRI and two forms of SCCS led to largely comparable results, possibly because of limited violation of the assumption of event-dependent exposures.
</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.11.10.23298290v1" target="_blank">A comparison of four self-controlled study designs in an analysis of COVID-19 vaccines and myocarditis using five European databases</a>
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<li><strong>Collateral effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on endocrine treatments for breast and prostate cancer in the UK: implications for bone health</strong> -
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affected cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment pathways. This study examined the impact of the pandemic on incidence and trends of endocrine treatments in patients with breast or prostate cancer; and endocrine treatment-related side-effects. Methods: Population-based cohort study using UK primary care Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD database. There were 13,701 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients and 12,221 prostate cancer patients with ≥1-year data availability since diagnosis between January 2017-June 2022. Incidence rates (IR) and incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated across multiple time periods before and after lockdown to examine the impact of changing social restrictions on endocrine treatments and treatment-related outcomes, including osteopenia, osteoporosis and bisphosphonate prescriptions. Results: In patients with breast cancer, aromatase inhibitor prescriptions increased during lockdown compared to pre-pandemic (IRR: 1.22 [95% Confidence Interval: 1.11-1.34]), followed by a decrease post-first lockdown (IRR: 0.79 [95%CI: 0.69-0.89]). In patients with prostate cancer, first-generation antiandrogen prescriptions increased compared to pre-pandemic (IRR: 1.23 [95% CI: 1.08-1.4]). For breast cancer patients on aromatase inhibitors, diagnoses of osteopenia, osteoporosis and bisphosphonate prescriptions were reduced across all lockdown periods compared to pre-pandemic (IRR range: 0.31-0.62). Conclusion: During the first two years of the pandemic, newly diagnosed breast and prostate cancer patients were prescribed more endocrine treatments compared to pre-pandemic, due to restrictions on hospital procedures replacing surgeries with bridging therapies. But breast cancer patients had fewer diagnoses of osteopenia and osteoporosis, and bisphosphonate prescriptions. These patients should be followed up in the coming years for signs of bone thinning. Evidence of poorer management of treatment-related side-effects will allow us to determine whether there is a need to better allocate resources to patients at high risk for bone-related complications.
</p>
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.11.09.23298305v1" target="_blank">Collateral effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on endocrine treatments for breast and prostate cancer in the UK: implications for bone health</a>
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<li><strong>Post-Vaccination Syndrome: A Descriptive Analysis of Reported Symptoms and Patient Experiences After Covid-19 Immunization</strong> -
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Introduction: A chronic post-vaccination syndrome (PVS) after covid-19 vaccination has been reported but has yet to be well characterized. Methods: We included 241 individuals aged 18 and older who self-reported PVS after covid-19 vaccination and who joined the online Yale Listen to Immune, Symptom and Treatment Experiences Now (LISTEN) Study from May 2022 to July 2023. We summarized their demographics, health status, symptoms, treatments tried, and overall experience. Results: The median age of participants was 46 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 38 to 56), with 192 (80%) identifying as female, 209 (87%) as non-Hispanic White, and 211 (88%) from the United States. Among these participants with PVS, 127 (55%) had received the BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech] vaccine, and 86 (37%) received the mRNA-1273 [Moderna] vaccine. The median time from the day of index vaccination to symptom onset was three days (IQR: 1 day to 8 days). The time from vaccination to symptom survey completion was 595 days (IQR: 417 to 661 days). The median Euro-QoL visual analogue scale score was 50 (IQR: 39 to 70). The five most common symptoms were exercise intolerance (71%), excessive fatigue (69%), numbness (63%), brain fog (63%), and neuropathy (63%). In the week before survey completion, participants reported feeling unease (93%), fearfulness (82%), and overwhelmed by worries (81%), as well as feelings of helplessness (80%), anxiety (76%), depression (76%), hopelessness (72%), and worthlessness (49%) at least once. Participants reported a median of 20 (IQR: 13 to 30) interventions to treat their condition. Conclusions: In this study, individuals who reported PVS after covid-19 vaccination had low health status, high symptom burden, and high psychosocial stress despite trying many treatments. There is a need for continued investigation to understand and treat this condition.
</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.11.09.23298266v1" target="_blank">Post-Vaccination Syndrome: A Descriptive Analysis of Reported Symptoms and Patient Experiences After Covid-19 Immunization</a>
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<li><strong>One year health outcomes associated with systemic corticosteroids for COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study</strong> -
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Background In patients with COVID-19 requiring supplemental oxygen, dexamethasone reduces acute severity and improves survival, but longer-term effects are unknown. We hypothesised that systemic corticosteroid administration during acute COVID-19 would be associated with improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) one year after discharge. Methods Adults admitted to hospital between February 2020 and March 2021 for COVID-19 and meeting current guideline recommendations for dexamethasone treatment were included using two prospective UK cohort studies. HRQoL, assessed by EQ-5D-5L utility index, pre-hospital and one year after discharge were compared between those receiving corticosteroids or not after propensity weighting for treatment. Secondary outcomes included patient reported recovery, physical and mental health status, and measures of organ impairment. Sensitivity analyses were undertaken to account for survival and selection bias. Findings In 1,888 participants included in the primary analysis, 1,149 received corticosteroids. There was no between-group difference in EQ-5D-5L utility index at one year (mean difference 0.004, 95% CI: -0.026 to 0.034, p = 0.77). A similar reduction in EQ-5D-5L was seen at one year between corticosteroid exposed and non-exposed groups (mean (SD) change -0.12 (0.22) vs -0.11 (0.22), p = 0.32). Overall, there were no differences in secondary outcome measures. After sensitivity analyses modelled using a larger cohort of 109,318 patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, EQ-5D-5L utility index at one year remained similar between the two groups. Interpretation Systemic corticosteroids for acute COVID-19 have no impact on the large reduction in HRQoL one year after hospital discharge. Treatments to address this are urgently needed.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.11.09.23298162v1" target="_blank">One year health outcomes associated with systemic corticosteroids for COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study</a>
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<li><strong>Protective non-neutralizing mAbs Ab94 and Ab81 retain high-affinity and potent Fc-mediated function against SARS-CoV-2 variants from Omicron to XBB1.5</strong> -
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Antibodies play a central role in the immune defense against SARS-CoV-2. Strong evidence has shown that non-neutralizing antibodies (nnAbs) are important for anti-SARS-Cov-2 immunity through Fc-mediated effector functions. These nnAbs bind to epitopes that could be less subjected to mutations in the emerging variants. When protective, such nnAbs would constitute a more promising alternative to neutralizing mAbs (nAbs). Here, we show that six nnAbs retain binding to Omicron, while two nAbs do not. Furthermore, two of our nnAbs, which are protective in vivo, retained binding to XBB, XBB.1.5, and BQ.1.1. They appear to bind to conserved epitopes on the N-terminal and receptor binding domain (RBD), respectively. As a proof of concept, we show that these protective non-neutralizing antibodies retain potent Fc-mediated opsonic function against BQ.1.1 and XBB. We also show that the Fc-mediated function is further enhanced by expressing the antibodies in the IgG3 subclass and combining them into a dual antibody cocktail. Our work suggests that opsonizing nnAbs could be a viable strategy for anti-SARS-CoV-2 mAb therapies against current and future SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.29.560084v2" target="_blank">Protective non-neutralizing mAbs Ab94 and Ab81 retain high-affinity and potent Fc-mediated function against SARS-CoV-2 variants from Omicron to XBB1.5</a>
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<li><strong>Proximal immune-epithelial progenitor interactions drive chronic tissue sequelae post COVID-19</strong> -
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The long-term health effects of SARS-CoV-2, termed Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), are quickly evolving into a major public health concern, but the underlying cellular and molecular etiology remain poorly defined. There is growing evidence that PASC is linked to abnormal immune responses and/or poor organ recovery post-infection. However, the exact processes linking non-resolving inflammation, impaired tissue repair, and PASC are still unclear. In this report, we utilized a cohort of respiratory PASC patients with viral infection-mediated pulmonary fibrosis and a clinically relevant mouse model of post-viral lung sequelae to investigate the pathophysiology of respiratory PASC. Using a combination of imaging and spatial transcriptomics, we identified dysregulated proximal interactions between immune cells and epithelial progenitors unique to respiratory PASC but not acute COVID-19 or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Specifically, we found a central role for lung-resident CD8+ T cell-macrophage interactions in maintaining Krt8hi transitional and ectopic Krt5+ basal cell progenitors, and the development of fibrotic sequelae after acute viral pneumonia. Mechanistically, CD8+ T cell derived IFN-{gamma} and TNF stimulated lung macrophages to chronically release IL-1{beta}, resulting in the abnormal accumulation of dysplastic epithelial progenitors in fibrotic areas. Notably, therapeutic neutralization of IFN-{gamma} and TNF, or IL-1{beta} after the resolution of acute infection resulted in markedly improved alveolar regeneration and restoration of pulmonary function. Together, our findings implicate a dysregulated immune-epithelial progenitor niche in driving respiratory PASC and identify potential therapeutic targets to dampen chronic pulmonary sequelae post respiratory viral infections including SARS-CoV-2.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.13.557622v2" target="_blank">Proximal immune-epithelial progenitor interactions drive chronic tissue sequelae post COVID-19</a>
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<li><strong>Occupational resilience factors among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a 2-year prospective cohort study</strong> -
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Background. Healthcare workers (HCWs) in COVID-19 pandemic hotspots were exposed to workplace stressors. Structural occupational factors that prevent stressor exposure from translating into mental health problems (i.e., resilience factors) remain poorly understood. This study identifies resilience factors actionable at the workplace and examines the role of cumulative stressor exposure for developing depressive symptoms. Methods. We prospectively followed a convenience sample of HCWs working in Spain. We used a survey to collect self-reported data on (a) sociodemographic characteristics, (b) workplace and COVID-19-related stressors, (c) potential occupational resilience factors, and (d) depression symptoms, at three time points (2020, 2021 and 2022). We operationalised resilience as low stressor reactivity (SR), quantified as individual deviations from the normative relation between exposure to stressors and depressive symptoms. We performed linear and quadratic multiple regression analyses to examine the prospective association between (a) potential resilience factors and (b) prior stressor exposure, with SR across waves. Results. Our sample consisted of 1,872, 1,560, and 431 participants at time points 1, 2, and 3, respectively (median age 42-43 years, 77-80% female). The occupational factors support from colleagues (SOCwork), trust in the workplace (TRUSTwork), and perceived ability to recover from adversity (REC) were prospectively associated with resilience and thus identified as resilience factors. Stressor exposure at baseline was inversely associated with resilience at follow-ups. Conclusions. Occupational strategies that promote key resilience factors and reduce cumulative or prolonged stressor exposure may enhance resilience in times of crisis. The observational design and the large drop in response rates warrant further studies.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/8pf52/" target="_blank">Occupational resilience factors among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a 2-year prospective cohort study</a>
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<li><strong>DEFEN-CE: Social Dialogue in Defence of Vulnerable Groups in Post-COVID-19 Labour Markets. Report on Finland and Sweden</strong> -
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This is a comparative country report on Finland and Sweden for the DEFEN-CE project: Social Dialogue in Defence of Vulnerable Groups in Post-COVID-19 Labour Markets. DEFEN-CE is a research project funded by the Directorate-General for Employment, the European Commission (Grant number: VS/2021/0196). The project investigates the experiences of various stakeholders in the design and implementation of Covid-19-related policies relevant to work and employment in EU member states (Finland, Sweden, the Netherlands, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Czechia, Slovakia, Italy and Spain) and two candidate countries, Serbia and Turkey. The aim of the project is to identify the role of social dialogue in facilitating policy implementation that addresses the labour market situation of vulnerable groups in the post-Covid-19 labour markets. Based on this aim, the report seeks to answer three main research questions from a comparative perspective, emphasising similarities and differences in Finland’s and Sweden’s pandemic response, industrial relations (with a focus on social dialogue structures and interactions), policy design, and protection of vulnerable groups. 1. What public policy and social dialogue measures targeting the selected vulnerable groups were implemented for employment and social protection during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020–2022? 2. To what extent and how did social dialogue play a role in the implementation of the social and employment rights of selected vulnerable groups in the Covid-19 pandemic between 2020 and 2022? 3. What lessons and opportunities does the Covid-19 pandemic yield for strengthening social dialogue in the studied countries? The report combines analysis and findings based on the construction of country-specific Defence Databases (one for Finland and one for Sweden) and qualitative interviews with national stakeholders. The respective database gathers information on more than 30 country- specific Covid-19 policies that have been gathered from international databases (e.g., Eurofound, Eurostat, and OECD/AIAS ICTWSS), national and international policy documents and legislation, reports from trade unions and employers’ organisations, and academic literature. The policies are systematised with information on who adopted the policy (e.g., executive branch, parliament, central bank), policy form (e.g., legislation and statutory regulations, recommendations, social partner agreements), policy area (e.g., labour market, health and safety, and social security), time period, targeted vulnerable groups (based on employment status, social risks, and health safety), and social partners’ involvement.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/6t2qp/" target="_blank">DEFEN-CE: Social Dialogue in Defence of Vulnerable Groups in Post-COVID-19 Labour Markets. Report on Finland and Sweden</a>
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<li><strong>Importations of SARS-CoV-2 lineages decline after nonpharmaceutical interventions in phylogeographic analyses</strong> -
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The onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic marked a period of substantial challenges as the virus and its variants rapidly spread, placing enormous strain on both society and healthcare systems. Prior to the widespread availability of vaccines, non-pharmaceutical interventions such as reducing contacts, antigenic testing, or travel restrictions were the primary means of reducing viral transmission and case numbers, and quantifying the success of these measures is therefore key for future pandemic preparedness. Using SARS-CoV-2 genomes collected in systematic surveillance, we studied lineage importations for the third, pandemic wave in Germany, employing a large-scale Bayesian phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis coupled to a longitudinal assessment of lineage importation dynamics over multiple sampling strategies. We evaluated the effect of twelve major nationwide nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on lineage importations and dissemination within the country. All NPIs were followed by reduced lineage importations, with the most substantial decreases seen for the provision of free rapid tests, the strengthening of regulations on mask-wearing in public transport and stores, as well as on internal movements and gatherings. Most SARS-CoV-2 lineages first appeared in the three states with the largest populations and most cases, and from there spread within the country. Importations began to rise before and peaked shortly after the Christmas holidays. Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 data revealed the substantial effects of free rapid tests and obligatory medical/surgical mask-wearing, suggesting these as key for pandemic preparedness, given their relatively few, negative socioeconomic effects. The approach quantifies the relationships between environmental factors at the host population level to viral lineage dissemination from genomic surveillance data, facilitating similar analyses of rapidly evolving pathogens in the future.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.11.10.23298337v1" target="_blank">Importations of SARS-CoV-2 lineages decline after nonpharmaceutical interventions in phylogeographic analyses</a>
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<li><strong>Emergence and spread of feline infection peritonitis due to a highly pathogenic canine/feline recombinant coronavirus</strong> -
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Cross-species transmission of coronaviruses (CoVs) poses a serious threat to both animal and human health. Whilst the large RNA genome of CoVs shows relatively low mutation rates, recombination within genera is frequently observed and demonstrated. Companion animals are often overlooked in the transmission cycle of viral diseases; however, the close relationship of feline (FCoV) and canine CoV (CCoV) to human hCoV-229E, as well as their susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 highlight their importance in potential transmission cycles. Whilst recombination between CCoV and FCoV of a large fragment spanning orf1b to M has been previously described, here we report the emergence of a novel, highly pathogenic FCoV-CCoV recombinant responsible for a rapidly spreading outbreak of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), originating in Cyprus. The recombination, spanning spike, shows 97% sequence identity to the pantropic canine coronavirus CB/05. Infection is spreading fast and infecting cats of all ages. Development of FIP appears rapid and likely non-reliant on biotype switch. High sequence identity of isolates from cats in different districts of the island is strongly supportive of direct transmission. A deletion and several amino acid changes in spike, particularly the receptor binding domain, compared to other FCoV-2s, indicate changes to receptor binding and likely cell tropism.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.11.08.566182v1" target="_blank">Emergence and spread of feline infection peritonitis due to a highly pathogenic canine/feline recombinant coronavirus</a>
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<li><strong>Robust detection of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in population using T-cell repertoire profiling</strong> -
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The COVID-19 pandemic clearly demonstrates the need to monitor the spread of infectious diseases and population immunity. Probing adaptive immunity by sequencing the repertoire of antigen receptors (Rep-Seq) encoding specificity and immunological memory has become a method of choice for immunology studies. Rep-Seq can detect the imprint of past and ongoing infections and study individual responses to SARS-CoV-2 as shown in a number of recent studies. Here we apply a machine learning approach to two large datasets with more than 1200 high-quality repertoires from healthy and COVID-19-convalescent donor repertoires to infer T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire features that were induced by SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Proper standardization of Rep-Seq batches, access to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing and both - and {beta}-chain sequences of TCRs allowed us to generate a high-quality biomarker database and build a robust and highly accurate classifier for COVID-19 exposure applicable to individual TCR repertoires obtained using different protocols, paving a way to Rep-Seq-based immune status assessment in large cohorts of donors.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.11.08.566227v1" target="_blank">Robust detection of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in population using T-cell repertoire profiling</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Navigating Digital Inequality: Examining Factors Affecting Rural Customers’ Internet Banking Adoption in Post-COVID Bangladesh</strong> -
<div>
As the world continues to navigate the new normal brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, one issue that has come to the forefront is digital inequality. In Bangladesh, where a significant portion of the population resides in rural areas, the adoption of internet banking has been hindered by various factors. However, understanding these factors is crucial, especially now that digital transactions have become more important. This study aims to understand the factors influencing the adoption of internet banking services among rural customers in Bangladesh. To acquire data, a questionnaire was administered to 443 rural bank customers in the district of Barisal. The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) revealed three primary factors: trust compatibility, service benefit, and access to consumer education. In addition, the research sought to determine if the identified factors, particularly access to consumer education, varied according to the occupation and income level of rural consumers. Using exhaustive Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) analysis, the findings revealed that access to consumer education differs significantly by occupation level, with business and service holders being more likely than farmers to have access to consumer education. This research contributes to the literature by providing insights into the adoption of internet banking by rural customers and informing policymakers about the special needs of this demographic.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/h76k8/" target="_blank">Navigating Digital Inequality: Examining Factors Affecting Rural Customers’ Internet Banking Adoption in Post-COVID Bangladesh</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Clinical Evaluation of the Panbio™ COVID-19/Flu A&amp;B Panel to Support Home Use</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19; Influenza A; Influenza Type B <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Diagnostic Test: Panbio™ COVID-19/Flu A&amp;B Panel <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Abbott Rapid Dx <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Building Engagement Using Financial Incentives Trial - Colorectal Cancer Screening</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Health Behavior; Colorectal Cancer; Influenza; COVID-19; Vaccine Hesitancy; Vaccine-Preventable Diseases; Healthcare Patient Acceptance <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: Financial incentive for colorectal cancer screening; Behavioral: Financial incentive for flu shot; Behavioral: Financial incentive for COVID-19 shot <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Tulane University; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effects of Rehabilitation Combined With a Maintenance Program Compared to Rehabilitation Alone in Post-COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Post-COVID-19 Syndrome <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Procedure: Rehabilitation + maintenance program; Procedure: Rehabilitation only <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Schön Klinik Berchtesgadener Land; Bavarian State Ministry of Health and Care (Funding); Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund (German pension insurance) (Design); Betriebskrankenkassen Landesverband Bayern (Bavarian health insurance) (Design) <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Child and Adolescent Mental Health Literacy for Primary Schools Teachers. A Multicomponent Intervention</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Child Mental Health <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: Child Mental Health Literacy Program <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Universidad de Valparaiso <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Brief Digital Intervention to Increase COVID-19 Vaccination Among Individuals With Anxiety or Depression</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Misinformation; Vaccine Hesitancy; Anxiety; Depression; COVID-19 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: Attitudinal inoculation; Behavioral: Cognitive-behavioral therapy-informed intervention; Behavioral: Conventional public health messaging <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: City University of New York, School of Public Health; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A PhaseⅡ Study to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccine</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: SARS-CoV-2 Infection <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine (ZSVG-02-O); Biological: COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine (ZSVG-02-O); Biological: COVID-19 Vaccine (Vero Cell) ,Inactivated <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Ltd. <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pilot Randomized Study of RD-X19 Tx Device in Subjects With PCC (Long Covid) in the Outpatient Setting</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Post COVID-19 Condition (PCC) <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Device: RDX-19 <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: KNOWBio Inc.; NAMSA <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>CPAP Therapy Through a Helmet or a Full Face Mask in Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: Cross-over Study</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Pneumonia, Bacterial; Respiratory Failure; COVID-19 Pneumonia <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Diagnostic Test: Arterial blood gases; Diagnostic Test: Respiratory rate (RR); Diagnostic Test: Pulseoximeter; Diagnostic Test: Assessment of accessory respiratory muscles work; Diagnostic Test: Esophageal pressure measurement; Diagnostic Test: Discomfort Visual Analog Scale (VAS); Diagnostic Test: Noninvasive blood pressure; Diagnostic Test: Heart rate <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Investigation of Efficacy and Safety of Electrical Signal Therapy Provided by Dr Biolyse® Device in COVID-19 Disease</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 Pneumonia; Virus Diseases; COVID-19 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Device: Signal Therapy provided by Dr.Biolyse device; Other: Liquid Support Treatment <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: AVB Biotechnology <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccine</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: SARS-CoV-2 Infection <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Placebo; Biological: COVID-19 Vaccine (Vero Cell) ,Inactivated; Biological: COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine (ZSVG-02-O) 10 μg; Biological: COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine (ZSVG-02-O) 30 μg; Biological: COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine (ZSVG-02-O) 60 μg <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Ltd.; Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SAFE Workplace Intervention for People With IDD</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Communicable Diseases; Prevention; Workplace Intervention <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: SAFE Employment Training <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Temple University; National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effects of an EMDR Intervention on Traumatic and Obsessive Symptoms</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Adult ALL; Post-traumatic Stress Disorder; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Disgust; Guilt; Shame <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: EMDR <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: University of Pisa <br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Lithium Long COVID Dose-finding Study</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Long COVID <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Dietary Supplement: Lithium <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: State University of New York at Buffalo <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pharmacokinetics and Safety of GST-HG171 Tablets in Subjects With Impaired and Normal Renal Function</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 Pneumonia <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: GST-HG171 Tablets <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Fujian Akeylink Biotechnology Co., Ltd. <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Preoperative Educational Videos on Maternal Stress Whose Children Received Congenital Heart Disease Surgery: During COVID-19 Panic</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19; Educational Videos; Maternal; Uncertainty; Anxiety; Depression; Congenital Heart Disease; Children <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Other: Preoperative educational videos plus routine education; Other: Preoperative routine education <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Chung Shan Medical University <br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antibody-mediated spike activation promotes cell-cell transmission of SARS-CoV-2</strong> - The COVID pandemic fueled by emerging SARS-CoV-2 new variants of concern remains a major global health concern, and the constantly emerging mutations present challenges to current therapeutics. The spike glycoprotein is not only essential for the initial viral entry, but is also responsible for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 components via syncytia formation. Spike-mediated cell-cell transmission is strongly resistant to extracellular therapeutic and convalescent antibodies via an unknown…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>ceRNA Network Analysis Reveals Potential Key miRNAs and Target Genes in COVID-19-Related Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease</strong> - The continued spread of SARS-CoV-2 has presented unprecedented obstacles to the worldwide public health system. Especially, individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at a heightened risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection due to their pre-existing respiratory symptoms that are not well-managed. However, the viral mechanism of affecting the expression of host genes, COPD progression, and prognosis is not clear yet.This study integrated the differential expression…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Discovery of the covalent SARS-CoV-2 M<sup>pro</sup> inhibitors from antiviral herbs via integrating target-based high-throughput screening and chemoproteomic approaches</strong> - The main proteases (M^(pro) ) are highly conserved cysteine-rich proteins that can be covalently modified by numerous natural and synthetic compounds. Herein, we constructed an integrative approach to efficiently discover covalent inhibitors of M^(pro) from complex herbal matrices. This work begins with biological screening of 60 clinically used antiviral herbal medicines, among which Lonicera japonica Flos (LJF) demonstrated the strongest anti-M^(pro) effect (IC(50) = 37.82 μg/mL). Mass…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>An efficient eco-friendly, simple, and green synthesis of some new spiro-N-(4-sulfamoyl-phenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-carboxamide derivatives as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 proteases: drug-likeness, pharmacophore, molecular docking, and DFT exploration</strong> - INTRODUCTION: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a global health crisis. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly contagious virus that can cause severe respiratory illness. There is no specific treatment for COVID-19, and the development of new drugs is urgently needed.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Lipid and cholesterols modulate the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 viral ion channel ORF3a and its pathogenic variants</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 accessory protein, ORF3a is a putative ion channel which immensely contributes to viral pathogenicity by modulating host immune responses and virus-host interactions. Relatively high expression of ORF3a in diseased individuals and implication with inflammasome activation, apoptosis and autophagy inhibition, ratifies as an effective target for developing vaccines and therapeutics. Herein, we present the elusive dynamics of ORF3a-dimeric state using all-atoms molecular dynamics (MD)…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The anti-SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine suppresses mithramycin-induced erythroid differentiation and expression of embryo-fetal globin genes in human erythroleukemia K562 cells</strong> - The COVID-19 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S-protein) plays an important role in the early phase of SARS-CoV2 infection through efficient interaction with ACE2. The S-protein is produced by RNA-based COVID-19 vaccines, that were fundamental for the reduction of the viral spread within the population and the clinical severity of COVID-19. However, the S-protein has been…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Optimizing indoor air quality: CFD simulation and novel air cleaning methods for effective aerosol particle inhibition in public spaces</strong> - In contemporary building ventilation, displacement and mixing ventilation demand high air volumes for rapid virus elimination, resulting in elevated energy consumption. To minimize the spread of viruses and decrease energy consumption for ventilation, this study employed CFD to explore the efficacy of a downward uniform flow field in impeding the transmission of aerosol particles in a high-traffic public facility, like a supermarket. The findings indicate that the downward uniform flow field…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Modulation of the replication of positive-sense RNA viruses by the natural plant metabolite xanthohumol and its derivatives</strong> - The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of identifying new potent antiviral agents. Nutrients as well as plant-derived substances are promising candidates because they are usually well tolerated by the human body and readily available in nature, and consequently mostly cheap to produce. A variety of antiviral effects have recently been described for the hop chalcone xanthohumol (XN), and to a lesser extent for its derivatives, making these hop compounds particularly attractive for…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Unmasking an Allosteric Binding Site of the Papain-like Protease in SARS-CoV-2: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Corticosteroids</strong> - To date, mechanistic insights into many clinical drugs against COVID-19 remain unexplored. Dexamethasone, a corticosteroid, is one of them. While treating the entire corticosteroid database, including vitamins D2 and D3, with cutting-edge computational techniques, several intriguing results are unfolded. From the top-notch candidates, dexamethasone is likely to inhibit the viral main protease (Mpro), with vitamin D3 exhibiting multitarget [Mpro, papain-like protease (PLpro), and nucleocapsid…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Enhancing Employee Job Satisfaction Responding to COVID-19: The Role of Organizational Adaptive Practices and Psychological Resilience</strong> - CONCLUSION: The study provides a new perspective on increasing JS during the COVID-19 pandemic, thereby expanding the scope of the antecedents of employee JS in crisis situations. It also reveals the mediating role of EE and deepens the research on the mechanism by which OAP and PR affect individuals, providing practical guidance for organizations to improve employee satisfaction in sudden public crisis situations.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dexamethasone impairs the expression of antimicrobial mediators in lipopolysaccharide-activated primary macrophages by inhibiting both expression and function of interferon β</strong> - Glucocorticoids potently inhibit expression of many inflammatory mediators, and have been widely used to treat both acute and chronic inflammatory diseases for more than seventy years. However, they can have several unwanted effects, amongst which immunosuppression is one of the most common. Here we used microarrays and proteomic approaches to characterise the effect of dexamethasone (a synthetic glucocorticoid) on the responses of primary mouse macrophages to a potent pro-inflammatory agonist,…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Designing Cell Delivery Peptides and SARS-CoV-2-Targeting Small Interfering RNAs: A Comprehensive Bioinformatics Study with Generative Adversarial Network-Based Peptide Design and <em>In Vitro</em> Assays</strong> - Nucleic acid technologies with designed intracellular delivery systems are some of the most promising therapies of the future. Small interfering (si)RNAs inhibit gene expression and protein synthesis and may complement current vaccines with faster design and production. Although successful delivery remains an issue, delivery peptides may help to fill this gap. Here, we address this issue by applying bioinformatic approaches to design new putative cell delivery peptides and siRNAs for COVID-19…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The SLC6A15-SLC6A20 neutral amino acid transporter subfamily: functions, diseases, and their therapeutic relevance</strong> - The neutral amino acid transporter subfamily that consists of six members; consecutively SLC6A15-SLC620, also called orphan transporters, represents membrane, sodium-dependent symporter proteins that belong to the family of solute carrier 6 (SLC6). Primarily, they mediate the transport of neutral amino acids from the extracellular milieu toward cell or storage vesicles utilizing an electric membrane potential as the driving force. Orphan transporters are widely distributed throughout the body,…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Drug repurposing for the treatment of COVID-19: Targeting nafamostat to the lungs by a liposomal delivery system</strong> - Despite tremendous global efforts since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, still only a limited number of prophylactic and therapeutic options are available. Although vaccination is the most effective measure in preventing morbidity and mortality, there is a need for safe and effective post-infection treatment medication. In this study, we explored a pipeline of 21 potential candidates, examined in the Calu-3 cell line for their antiviral efficacy, for drug repurposing. Ralimetinib and…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Inhibitory effects of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and BNT162b2 vaccine on erythropoietin-induced globin gene expression in erythroid precursor cells (ErPCs) from β-thalassemia patients</strong> - During the recent COVID-19 pandemic several β-thalassemia patients have been infected by SARS-CoV-2 and most patients were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. Recent studies demonstrate an impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the hematopoietic system. The main objective of this study was to verify the effects of exposure of erythroid precursor cells (ErPCs) from β-thalassemia patients to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S-protein) and the BNT162b2 vaccine. Erythropoietin (EPO)-cultured ErPCs have been either…</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Escalating Violence Between Israel and Lebanon</strong> - There’s a sense of history repeating itself along the border, where tens of thousands have been displaced and the civilian death toll is climbing. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/the-escalating-violence-between-israel-and-lebanon">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Warnings About Trump in 2024 Are Getting Louder</strong> - A judge’s plea, Hillary Clinton invokes the H-word, and a shock poll in the Times. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-bidens-washington/the-warnings-about-trump-in-2024-are-getting-louder">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Lessons of Ohio’s Abortion-Rights Victory</strong> - Tuesday’s election results in that state and elsewhere offer fresh evidence of how the issue is likely to help Democrats in 2024. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-lessons-of-ohios-abortion-rights-victory">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Extreme Ambitions of West Bank Settlers</strong> - A leader of the settlement movement on expanding into Gaza, and her vision for the Jewish state. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/the-extreme-ambitions-of-west-bank-settlers">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Journalistic Independence Isn’t a Human-Resources Exercise</strong> - A free and independent press is vital to preserve, but doing so requires the people running media companies to take that idea out of mothballs. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/journalistic-independence-isnt-a-human-resources-exercise">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Joe Manchin deserves (some) credit for fighting climate change</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="Joe Manchin in a press scrum." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/EKnMzUiIn3FPQhkA7krtSrXAQKk=/0x0:4704x3528/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/72854352/GettyImages_1699617377.0.jpeg"/>
<figcaption>
Democratic West Virginia Senator Joe Manchin said this week he will not seek reelection. | Nathan Howard/Getty Images
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
You do, in this circumstance, gotta hand it to him.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nwsA3v">
The 2022 <a href="https://www.vox.com/2022/8/8/23296951/inflation-reduction-act-biden-democrats-climate-change">Inflation Reduction Act</a> (IRA) — with <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2022/7/28/23282217/climate-bill-health-care-drugs-inflation-reduction-act">nearly $370 billion</a> allocated to wind turbines, electric cars, transmission lines, <a href="https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2022/10/8/23387530/home-electrification-heat-pumps-gas-furnace-contractors">heat pumps</a>, and environmental cleanup — is the <a href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/12/america-landmark-climate-law-bordoff">single largest piece of US legislation</a> to keep <a href="https://www.vox.com/climate">climate change</a> in check.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="544HCM">
And <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/23464862/senate-elections-2024-map-joe-manchin">West Virginia Senator Joe Manchin</a>, who this week announced he will not seek reelection, was absolutely essential to getting it over the line. Don’t take my word for it: <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/11/09/statement-from-president-joe-biden-on-senator-joe-manchin/">President Joe Biden specifically praised Manchin</a> this week for his vote on the <a href="https://www.vox.com/2022/8/8/23296951/inflation-reduction-act-biden-democrats-climate-change">IRA</a>, which passed the Senate 51-50 on August 7, 2022.
</p>
<div id="nC2wyF">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
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I’m forever grateful Sen. Manchin put together an amazing team to help enact the best climate law in human history.
</p>
— K Russell DeGraff (<span class="citation" data-cites="russelldegraff">@russelldegraff</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/russelldegraff/status/1722807376376451307?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">November 10, 2023</a>
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</ul>
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It’s hard to overstate how big of a deal the Inflation Reduction Act is for climate change. The country has <a href="https://www.vox.com/22397364/earth-day-us-climate-change-summit-biden-john-kerry-commitment-2030-zero-emissions">committed to cutting its greenhouse gas emissions</a> by 50 to 52 percent from 2005 levels by 2030. The IRA on its own is poised to cut emissions by about 40 percent, according to the <a href="https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2022-12/12%2009%202022_OAR%20IRA%20Overview_vPublic.pdf">Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Manchin was also critical in shaping the $1 trillion <a href="https://www.vox.com/22598883/infrastructure-deal-bipartisan-bill-biden-manchin">Bipartisan Infrastructure Law</a> (BIL) that includes funding for <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/11/08/fact-sheet-the-bipartisan-infrastructure-deal-boosts-clean-energy-jobs-strengthens-resilience-and-advances-environmental-justice/">adapting to the effects of climate change</a>, though that law passed the Senate 69-30.
</p>
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It’s also important to note how difficult it was to pass these bills, in no small part due to Manchin himself. As the deciding vote, he previously tanked the $555 billion <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/12/19/22845060/joe-manchin-climate-change-build-back-better-clean-energy">Build Back Better Act in 2021</a>. And as legislators scrambled to come up with a backup plan, Manchin’s opposition to the <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/10/16/22729648/manchin-climate-change-reconciliation-clean-electricity-program">Clean Energy Performance Program</a> — which would pay power utilities to switch from <a href="https://www.vox.com/fossil-fuels">fossil fuels</a> to <a href="https://www.vox.com/energy">clean energy</a> sources — kept a powerful tool to limit emissions in the box.
</p>
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In response, environmental activists focused their ire on Manchin, noting his <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/27/climate/manchin-coal-climate-conflicts.html">longstanding ties to the fossil fuel industry</a>. According to <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/industries/recips.php?ind=E1140">Open Secrets</a>, Manchin was the largest Senate recipient of money from the coal, oil, and gas industries in 2022. Campaigners also painted him as wealthy and out of touch: They <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2021/10/29/joe-manchin-houseboat-activists-517482">accosted him on his houseboat</a> and <a href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/qjb4g7/joe-manchin-drives-maserati">surrounded his Maserati</a>.
</p>
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During negotiations for the BIL and IRA, Manchin effectively leveraged his position. He landed a $925 million <a href="https://www.vox.com/climate/23900109/hydrogen-green-energy-hubs-biden">hydrogen hub</a> to develop <a href="https://www.energy.senate.gov/2023/10/manchin-announces-west-virginia-selected-as-new-home-of-appalachian-hydrogen-hub">clean hydrogen in West Virginia</a>. In the IRA, Manchin secured a permanent extension of the federal fund for coal miners affected by <a href="https://blog.dol.gov/2022/09/22/funding-for-miners-with-black-lung-disease-permanently-extended">black lung disease</a>, incentives to build <a href="https://www.vox.com/renewable-energy">renewables</a> in old fossil fuel mining regions, and tax credits for hydrogen and carbon capture, technologies that could extend a lifeline to coal, oil, and gas.
</p>
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He’s been pleased with the results. “Today, West Virginia is attracting more investment, opportunity, and jobs than it has in decades,” he said in a video announcement. “Here at home and across the country, we are building more roads, bridges, manufacturing plants, and energy infrastructure than almost any time in American history.”
</p>
<div id="xmGP9M">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
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To the West Virginians who have put their trust in me and fought side by side to make our state better – it has been an honor of my life to serve you. Thank you. My statement on my political future: <a href="https://t.co/dz8JuXAyTL">pic.twitter.com/dz8JuXAyTL</a>
</p>
— Senator Joe Manchin (<span class="citation" data-cites="Sen_JoeManchin">@Sen_JoeManchin</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/Sen_JoeManchin/status/1722698734910210420?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">November 9, 2023</a>
</blockquote>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="a15SIH">
In the end, the IRA was a fraction of the size of its earlier incarnations and nowhere near the sweeping transformation envisioned by the environmental activists and legislators who dreamed up the <a href="https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/2/7/18211709/green-new-deal-resolution-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-markey">Green New Deal</a>. It doesn’t fully put the US on course to meet its climate goals. And it doesn’t contain a <a href="https://carbonpricingdashboard.worldbank.org/what-carbon-pricing">price on carbon</a>, something that economists across the political spectrum say is foundational to effective climate <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy">policies</a>.
</p>
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Since the IRA passed, Manchin has worked to weaken some of its provisions, like the <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2023/1/25/23571567/manchin-ev-tax-credit-bill-battery-ira-irs">$7,500 electric vehicle tax credit</a>. He also secured approval for a <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2023/05/28/debt-ceiling-deal-mountain-valley-pipeline-00099135">new natural gas pipeline</a> during <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy/2023/5/6/23707949/debt-ceiling-crisis-budget-deal-questions">negotiations over the debt ceiling</a> this summer. However, he failed in his effort to <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2022/12/12/23500140/permitting-reform-inflation-reduction-act-congress-manchin">relax federal permitting rules</a> to allow more construction, something that would likely benefit fossil fuel as well as renewable energy development.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="a2IxoT">
So why credit Manchin on climate?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IlaPG5">
In short, he easily could’ve said no, but he didn’t. Keep in mind that climate change legislation has long struggled in <a href="https://www.vox.com/congress">Congress</a>, even under far more favorable circumstances. In 1997, the Senate, with a 52-seat Republican majority, voted <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/climate/stories/clim121197b.htm">95-0 against the Kyoto Protocol</a>, an early attempt at an international climate treaty. The 2009 <a href="https://www.c2es.org/document/waxman-markey-short-summary/">American Clean Energy and Security Act</a>, a.k.a. Waxman-Markey, which would have created a cap and trade scheme to limit carbon dioxide emissions, didn’t even come up for a vote in the Senate where Democrats had a 60-vote majority because of the threat of a Republican filibuster.
</p>
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Manchin, a Democrat in a state Trump won by almost 39 points in 2020, has also been in a dicey position. Despite this, Manchin voted with <a href="https://www.vox.com/joe-biden">Joe Biden</a> <a href="https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/biden-congress-votes/joe-manchin/">88 percent of the time</a>. Meanwhile, Republicans, if anything, have become even more hostile to action on climate change. Every Republican voted against the IRA, including the two senators from Texas, the <a href="https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/23577512/texas-clean-energy-wind-solar-natural-gas-ercot-blackout">largest wind energy-producing state</a>; the two senators from Louisiana, which is <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/interactive/2023/new-orleans-sea-level-hurricane-wetlands/">losing land to sea level rise</a>; and the two senators from Florida, where <a href="https://www.vox.com/climate/23746045/state-farm-california-climate-change-insurance-wildfire-florida-flood">insurers are fleeing</a> due to mounting losses from extreme weather. None of the <a href="https://www.vox.com/climate/23815966/republicans-climate-change-denial-trees">Republican contenders for president</a> are willing to say that humans are heating up the planet.
</p>
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Climate change, at its core, is a collective action problem. To limit warming, everyone is going to have to eventually zero out their greenhouse gas emissions, not just in the US but around the world. That demands a radical transformation of the global <a href="https://www.vox.com/economy">economy</a>, and the window for action is slamming shut. Those changes require building coalitions, making concessions, and taking steps that appear frustratingly inadequate because the alternative is dithering as the situation gets worse. This year is likely to be the <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/nov/08/2023-on-track-to-be-the-hottest-year-on-record-say-scientists">hottest year humanity has ever measured</a> and possibly the hottest humans have ever experienced, a grim window into the future of a warming world.
</p>
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The same challenge is playing out at an international scale. At the end of November, climate negotiators from around the world will gather at the <a href="https://www.cop28.com/what-is-cop">COP28 conference</a> for a deliberative process somehow even more arcane and vexatious than the US Senate. At the meeting — held in the United Arab Emirates, a major oil producer — countries whose economies depend on fossil fuels will have to come to an agreement with countries baking under extreme heat or being swallowed up by rising seas. Countries that are literally at war with each other will have to sign off on the next steps to limit carbon dioxide.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OxqZ3a">
So one can deride all the features of the US political system that end up putting so much weight on one Senate vote — <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/11/6/21550979/senate-malapportionment-20-million-democrats-republicans-supreme-court">Senate malapportionment</a>, a <a href="https://www.vox.com/scotus/2023/7/8/23784320/supreme-court-2022-term-affirmative-action-religion-voting-rights-abortion">right-wing-dominated Supreme Court</a>, archaic <a href="https://www.politico.com/story/2018/12/06/democrats-get-on-board-with-manchin-for-energy-committee-post-1014354">legislative traditions</a> — but unless any of these variables change, that single vote matters, even if it’s always milked for maximum drama.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ljLULk">
Whether his decision was sincere, cynical, or hypocritical, actions speak louder than words, and Manchin ultimately delivered a victory for Democrats and US efforts to curb climate change. And whether or not Democrats and environmental campaigners are feeling grateful, they’re facing a much <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/23464862/senate-elections-2024-map-joe-manchin">more hostile landscape for the Senate in the next election</a> and may soon find that they will miss him when he’s gone.
</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>The other warning Republicans should heed from this year’s elections</strong> -
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<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/rRiqGIM_HN7LLaHKjXLLJe3in7o=/847x0:4198x2513/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/72854298/1773995054.0.jpg"/>
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Voting signs outside a polling place during the 2023 state elections in Yorktown, Virginia. | John C. Clark / The Washington Post via Getty Images
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Republicans don’t seem to know how to stop bleeding support from the suburbs.
</p>
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The victories Democrats <a href="https://www.vox.com/politics/2023/11/8/23951783/election-day-2023-results-analysis-winners-losers-beshear-cameron">racked up</a> on Tuesday night spanned safe blue states, Trump country, and one-time battlegrounds: A popular governor was re-elected in Kentucky; Virginia Democrats flipped control of the state house and kept their majority in the state senate; Democrats reversed GOP gains in New Jersey’s legislature; Pennsylvania voters delivered a Democratic romp in statewide contests; and the liberal positions won big in Ohio’s two ballot measures to enshrine the right to an <a href="https://www.vox.com/abortion">abortion</a> and to <a href="https://www.vox.com/marijuana-legalization">legalize marijuana</a>.
</p>
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Post-election vote totals show that much of that success was due to a very specific kind of American: affluent, college-educated voters who are likely to live in the suburbs of metropolitan areas. In Kentucky, that means the areas in and around Louisville, where vote totals from the secretary of state’s office show that Democratic Gov. Andy Beshear improved his 2019 margins by nearly 10 percentage points; the counties in and around Lexington, where he improved by an average of 9 points; and in the three northern counties that sit across the state line from Cincinnati, Ohio, where vote totals show he improved by an average of 3 points.
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Ohio was a similar story: The “Yes” vote on Issue 1, which protects reproductive rights, saw its biggest support come from major urban centers and their suburbs, where it performed better than the Democratic Senate nominee in last year’s elections. Vote totals <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/11/07/us/elections/results-ohio-issue-1-abortion-rights.html?action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;state=default&amp;module=election-results&amp;context=election_recirc&amp;region=NavBar">tallied by the New York Times</a> show the “Yes” vote performing 6 points better in and around Cleveland, 11 points better in neighboring Lorain County, and 8 points better in nearby Summit County. It also won the vote outright in five other neighboring counties that Democrats lost last year.
</p>
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This picture also appeared in the suburbs of Virginia, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, where vote totals reported by these states show a common theme: Suburbs, and places with higher concentrations of wealthier and better-educated voters, swung to the left. It’s a trend that’s been largely true since the dawn of the Trump era: Republicans have been consistently struggling to perform as well as they once did in the suburbs, giving Democrats an opening to persuade and turn out voters that are crucial to winning statewide races in battleground states.
</p>
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This year’s results show this big problem for Republicans isn’t going away anytime soon. The party’s conservative stances on cultural issues and <a href="https://www.vox.com/donald-trump">Donald Trump</a>’s style of politics have already contributed to major shifts in suburbs toward Democrats; and now the continued salience of pro-abortion rights politics is accelerating, or at least sustaining, suburban voters’ lurch away from Republicans.
</p>
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Those suburbs contain large concentrations of high-propensity voters — those most likely to vote in any election — with college degrees and high incomes. They live in economically vibrant and growing regions outside of major cities, as well as in large towns and smaller cities. They were once swing voters, but have moved more solidly Democratic since 2016. And they’re the reason Democrats did so well during the 2018 and <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/23357154/2022-midterm-elections-guide">2022 midterms</a>, as well as why they were able to win so many competitive contests in 2020’s presidential-year elections.
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Across many of this year’s races, abortion rights were <a href="https://www.vox.com/2023/11/8/23952090/ohio-election-results-issue-1-abortion-virginia-kentucky-roe-dobbs">a major motivator</a> in boosting Democrats among these voters — <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/23451074/abortion-ballot-measure-midterms-kentucky-montana-michigan">just like last year</a>. The issue was <a href="https://www.vox.com/2024-elections/23910990/abortion-midterms-elections-dobbs-roe">central to Beshear’s campaign</a> in Kentucky and a focal point in Virginia Democrats’ and Republicans’ closing arguments in legislative elections.
</p>
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The major exception to this trend was in the suburbs of New York City, on Long Island. There, Republicans performed well in local elections that largely centered on <a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/23663437/crime-violence-murder-homicide-cities-downtown">crime</a> and <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy/2023/9/26/23875580/new-york-city-migrant-crisis-influx-eric-adams">migration concerns in the city</a> and where abortion wasn’t a major issue, showing just how hard it is to disentangle the polarizing effect of the GOP’s anti-abortion rights brand in states where those protections <em>are</em> at risk.
</p>
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But where abortion was at issue, Democrats dominated.
</p>
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Virginia’s suburbs and urban centers were a prime example. Democrats managed to flip or narrow the margins of Republican victories in suburban state house and senate seats where abortion politics were the main theme of both Republican and Democratic candidates’ closing arguments, Chaz Nuttycombe, the director of CNalysis, an election-forecasting group based in Virginia, said. In the Richmond suburbs, Democrats flipped the competitive 16th senate district, and came within two points of flipping the overlapping 57th house seat, where the Democrat was also facing a sex scandal. Democrats also won the contest for House District 97 in suburban-ish Virginia Beach, and competitive races to represent the Northern Virginia suburbs of Loudoun and Prince William counties. In the statewide contests for various Pennsylvania courts, Democratic candidates swept. Vote totals show that the candidate for state supreme court, Daniel McCaffery, improved on Sen. John Fetterman’s 2022 vote share in three crucial counties surrounding Philadelphia: Montgomery, Bucks, and Chester, where McCaffery did about 3 points better on average than Fetterman.
</p>
<h3 id="BBBizf">
<strong>Voters have a problem with Republican extremism</strong>
</h3>
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The GOP’s problems go beyond abortion, however. Reproductive rights are one plank in the Democrat’s case against Republicans to these voters, but the GOP’s stances on election denialism, <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/22914767/book-banning-crt-school-boards-republicans">book bans</a>, <a href="https://www.vox.com/lgbtq">anti-trans</a> legislation, gun control, and anti-immigrant proposals are all parts of this anti-extremist pitch to suburban and well-educated voters as well.
</p>
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“These places are places where you used to have Chamber of Commerce Republicans, and now you have their grandkids who are much more progressive,” <a href="https://polisci.as.uky.edu/users/dsvoss">D. Stephen Voss</a>, an associate professor of politics and elections analyst at the University of Kentucky, told me. “People talk about abortion as a mobilizer for upper-status professionals, and it is, it’s a part of what you’re seeing … a backlash against the culture war conservatism of the Republican Party.”
</p>
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In Kentucky, that leftward shift wasn’t limited to just suburbs, but generally appeared in places with concentrations of wealthier and better-educated voters, Voss said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eTq3sa">
“If you only look at our very limited suburban counties, you’re missing that this trend among affluent professionals is having a wider impact than merely in places we call suburbs,” he said. He highlighted places like Oldham County in Kentucky — more of a large town than a suburb — where Beshear improved on his 2019 results by 3 points.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hkUKvD">
This trend has held strong since 2016, when suburban and college-educated voters lurched away from Donald Trump for <a href="https://www.vox.com/hillary-clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>. They had been much more likely to side with Republicans as recently as 2014: In Northern Virginia, Virginia Beach, and the Richmond suburbs, Republicans had won or run nearly even with Democrats in the suburbs; the same was true in places like suburban <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/republicans-lost-suburbs">Colorado</a>, <a href="https://www.ajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/swing-districts-romney-won-atlanta-suburb-but-did-democrat/K4kFQDSO86jbZkzpd186iK/">Georgia</a>, and <a href="https://www.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/analysis/2023/05/10/how-the-2024-presidential-race-in-wisconsin-hinges-on-suburban-trends/70179579007/">Wisconsin</a> in 2012 and 2014.
</p>
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In the “blue wave” of the 2018 midterms, these <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/26/upshot/suburbs-changing-midterms-democrats-hopes.html">more diverse and highly educated</a> regions voted out Republican members of <a href="https://www.vox.com/congress">Congress</a>. And the suburban shift contributed much of the margin of support that buoyed <a href="https://www.vox.com/joe-biden">Joe Biden</a> to victory in battleground states in 2020 and helped Democratic candidates win in close midterm elections last year.
</p>
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The common line? Ideological polarization around social issues and Trump’s brand of politics.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZSuka4">
Abortion politics have played a huge role in this since 2022, but the shift in the suburbs and with more affluent college graduates predates the <em>Dobbs</em> decision ending the federal right to an abortion. In Virginia and Pennsylvania, politics around schools and education, <a href="https://www.vox.com/gender">gender identity</a>, and crime all joined abortion as issues that voters kept top of mind. “In conjunction with abortion is the other layered-in kind of Republican social agenda that is just so repellent to the country,” a Democratic campaigner in suburban Bucks County told <a href="https://www.inquirer.com/news/philadelphia/republican-party-suburban-philadelphia-losses-20231109.html">the Philadelphia Inquirer</a>. “Voters in the largest swing county in the most important swing state uniformly rejected that.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pGm2eE">
Other Democrats say something similar: “The driving force of our politics since 2018 has been fear and opposition to MAGA,” longtime Democratic strategist Simon Rosenberg told <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2023/11/democrats-defeat-polls/675935/">The Atlantic’s Ronald Brownstein</a> after Tuesday’s results. “The truth is, what we’re facing in our domestic politics is unprecedented. Voters understand it, they are voting against it, and they are fighting very hard to prevent our democracy from slipping away.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XaIvr8">
That general brand of MAGA Republicanism — socially conservative extremists who threaten basic freedoms — was toxic in swing suburban counties during last year’s midterms especially, and Democratic candidates from Nevada and Arizona to Georgia and Wisconsin seized on that <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/23465033/democrats-secretary-of-state-strategy-election-deniers">messaging</a> and were <a href="https://www.vox.com/2022/11/14/23456270/midterm-elections-2022-results-questions-trump-inflation-democracy">largely</a> <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/23471686/independent-voters-midterms-democrats-republicans-trump-abortion-economy">successful</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="15WVFx">
What the last few special, off-year, and midterm elections have shown is that the trend of Democrats performing well in suburbs and among wealthier and better-educated voters continues. That Democrats can do well in an off-year when these are the kinds of voters most likely to turn out is not a surprise. But it should still serve as a warning to Republicans that their branding problem with these voters isn’t just going to go away. Democrats have a big opportunity to shore up support among these communities and continue to frame Republicans as politically toxic — especially with Trump at the top of the ticket.
</p></li>
<li><strong>Vox podcasts tackle the Israel-Hamas war</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/szI7HHbPMHFKWkg3MZu8sG8kXdc=/107x0:1814x1280/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/72847308/AP23310764413057.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Israeli forces’ flares light up the night sky in Gaza City, Monday, Nov. 6, 2023. | Abed Khaled/AP
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</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Looking to understand the Israel-Hamas war? Start with these Vox podcast episodes.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hruIUo">
The Israel-Palestine conflict goes back decades, but this <a href="https://www.vox.com/2023/10/7/23907683/israel-hamas-war-news-updates-october-2023">latest war</a> has taken <a href="https://apnews.com/article/israel-hamas-war-news-11-6-2023-51286d15dddd77ae0dd7ea76ee52bc71">an unprecedented toll in terms of the number of people killed</a>, and represents a significant step back from any hopes of securing a two-state solution and a permanent peace. <a href="https://www.vox.com/pages/podcasts">Vox podcasts</a> are covering the conflict in depth, offering our listeners context and clarity about the history of the conflict, a deeper understanding of the players in Israel and Palestine and on the world stage, and the toll of Hamas’s attack and Israel’s retaliation on the people in the region.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MnBYNc">
<a href="https://vox.com/todayexplained"><em>Today, Explained</em></a>,<strong> </strong>Vox’s daily news explainer podcast, has been covering the conflict since it began,<strong> </strong>with an episode posted right after Hamas’s <a href="https://www.vox.com/2023/10/7/23907683/israel-hamas-war-news-updates-october-2023">October 7 attack on Israel</a> that took the lives of 1,400 victims and resulted in the kidnapping of more than 240 hostages. The show has since continued to cover many threads in this story, from<strong> </strong>where Hamas comes from to<strong> </strong>how false information about the conflict has spread on social media and how information warfare is used in the Middle East. Vox podcasts <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-weeds"><em>The Weeds</em></a> and <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-gray-area"><em>The Gray Area</em></a> have also been covering the unfolding crisis, its stakes, and its impact.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2kKr31">
You can find those and all our other episodes on the topic below; we’ll continue to add as new episodes are published.
</p>
<hr class="p-entry-hr" id="RGqWVo"/>
<h3 id="GRrFTr">
BDS and the history of the boycott
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="faJMeF">
<a href="https://link.chtbl.com/WeedsBDS">November 8, 2023</a> | If you turn on the news or scroll through your social media feed of choice, there’s a good chance you’ll see the latest on the Israel-Hamas war — and the reaction to it. But there’s one call to action making its way down social media feeds that feels different from all these other responses. It’s called <a href="https://www.vox.com/world-politics/23935054/boycott-movement-palestine-against-israel-bds">BDS, short for boycott, divest, and sanction</a>. And like just about everything related to this conflict, it’s complicated and controversial. <em>The Weeds</em> host Jonquilyn Hill sits down with Vox senior reporter Whizy Kim to explain the controversial movement, and with Cornell professor and author of <em>Buying Power: A History of Consumer Activism in America</em> Lawrence B. Glickman to discuss the history of boycotts and whether they even work.
</p>
<div id="W9bkwx">
</div>
<h3 id="eCQMxj">
Ceasefire?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0njnUb">
<a href="https://link.chtbl.com/TEXCeasefire">November 8, 2023</a> | Protesters, politicians, and the pope are <a href="https://www.vox.com/world-politics/2023/11/9/23953714/biden-campaign-alumni-want-gaza-ceasefire-state-department-dissent-memo">calling for a ceasefire in the Israel-Hamas war</a>, but the US and Israeli governments remain opposed. Vox’s Jonathan Guyer and Jon B. Alterman from the Center for Strategic and International Studies explain what happens next.
</p>
<div id="qI0QXG">
</div>
<h3 id="7PpXDq">
The view from Israel
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nWyxFA">
<a href="https://link.chtbl.com/TEXviewfromisrael">November 2, 2023</a> | Israelis overwhelmingly disapprove of their government’s handling of the October 7 attacks, but their desire for unity keeps Prime Minister <a href="https://www.vox.com/23910085/netanyahu-israel-right-hamas-gaza-war-history">Benjamin Netanyahu</a> in power. Michael Koplow of the Israel Policy Forum explains what Israel’s government should do next, and professor Noah Efron of Bar-Ilan University describes the mood among Israelis.
</p>
<div id="VUWe5b">
</div>
<h3 id="LW92hD">
Gaza’s humanitarian crisis
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="X9Ru7m">
<a href="https://link.chtbl.com/TEXgazacrisis">October 30, 2023</a> | Cut off from water and power and recovering from a communications blackout, Gaza is plunged deeper into crisis. It’s not just a humanitarian problem, says leading human rights attorney Kenneth Roth — it’s a violation of international law.
</p>
<div id="PIruUH">
</div>
<h3 id="YuKMW7">
Why does the US always side with Israel?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cKU4E4">
<a href="https://link.chtbl.com/TEXisraellistenerQs">October 25, 2023</a> | This was the top question we got when we asked <a href="https://www.vox.com/today-explained-podcast"><em>Today, Explained</em></a> listeners hat they wanted to know about this conflict. Joel Beinin, Middle East history professor emeritus at Stanford, has answers.
</p>
<div id="vAxsQA">
</div>
<h3 id="tUX2Xg">
Hearts, minds, and likes
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sufAJi">
<a href="https://link.chtbl.com/TEXheartsmindslikes">October 23, 2023</a> | False information about what is happening in Israel and Gaza is taking over social media faster than journalists like BBC Verify’s Shayan Sardarizadeh can check it. That’s exactly how digital propagandists want it, says professor and social media expert Marc Owen Jones.
</p>
<div id="IFsoiN">
</div>
<h3 id="u8x3t1">
Biden goes to Israel
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ubWEil">
<a href="https://link.chtbl.com/TEXbidenisrael">October 18, 2023</a> | It’s been 11 days since Hamas attacked Israel, killing civilians and taking hostages. Israel’s retaliation has killed hundreds of Palestinians and created a humanitarian crisis in Gaza. Senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment Aaron David Miller and Middle East analyst Michael Wahid Hanna explain what role diplomacy will play in the coming days.
</p>
<div id="YOjqzu">
</div>
<h3 id="zsE1x2">
How Palestinians view Hamas
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gvB3t6">
<a href="https://link.chtbl.com/TEXpalestiniansviewhamas">October 16, 2023</a> | The US along with Israel and many of its allies have long considered Hamas a terrorist group. Khaled Al-Hroub, a professor at Northwestern University in Qatar, explains how its reputation is a lot murkier among Palestinians, who elected the group to political power in 2006.
</p>
<div id="Uc1VlQ">
</div>
<h3 id="8vk1M3">
Israel, Hamas, and how we got here
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="56kmG2">
<a href="https://link.chtbl.com/TEXIsraelHamas">October 10, 2023</a> | This Israel-Hamas war is unlike the ones that came before it, says Haaretz’s Allison Kaplan Sommer. But it was years in the making, says Vox’s Zack Beauchamp.
</p>
<div id="SWtk9m">
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cuDbml">
</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Sri Lanka will appeal ICC suspension: Sports Minister</strong> - SLC officials separately denied corruption allegations and said they would work with Ranasinghe to get the ICC suspension lifted</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dhiraj earns India’s first archery quota place for 2024 Olympics</strong> -</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Sessions with Paddy Upton helped me find perspective again, says Virat Kohli</strong> - Upton, who was Gary Kirsten’s assistant during India’s 2011 World Cup campaign, was brought back by the Indian board on a short-term basis for the 2022 global T20 meet.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Our middle-order played critical role, don’t judge them by numbers, says Rahul Dravid</strong> - Rahul Dravid was not worried about the fact that the numbers of players like Rahul and Iyer were not as glossy as some other batters in the side.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>PAK vs ENG | England bats against Pakistan in final World Cup match</strong> - England are unchanged but Pakistan brought in spin all-rounder Shadab Khan for seamer Hasan Ali.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>PM Modi to return for campaign here on November 26, 27</strong> - BJP Central ministers and UP, Assam and Goa chief ministers too to campaign for the candidates here, says State unit chief Kishan Reddy</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Encounter breaks out in J&amp;K’s Pulwama district</strong> - No casualties have been reported so far.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>NIA files supplementary charge-sheet in KTF recruitment, arms smuggling case</strong> - The agency said investigations have further revealed that KTF operatives based abroad were involved in regular recruitment.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>EAM Jaishankar embarks on 5-day visit to U.K.</strong> - “India and the U.K. have a growing bilateral partnership.”</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Telangana Congress installs puppets to mock BJP, BRS, MIM ahead of Modi visit</strong> - Comes up with another innovative ground campaign</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Macron calls on Israel to stop killing Gaza’s women and babies</strong> - In an exclusive BBC interview, the French president said a ceasefire would be in Israel’s interest.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Iceland volcano: Emergency declared over volcano Fagradalsfjall eruption concerns</strong> - Thousands are asked to evacuate from a town in the southwest over fears magma has spread underground.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Poland’s Tusk-led pro-EU opposition signs deal and waits to govern</strong> - Days after the PiS governing party is invited to try and form a coalition, the opposition says it is ready.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Belgium detains two far-right terror suspects</strong> - Allegations against the pair include “recruiting people with the aim of committing terrorist crimes”.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Gucci and Moschino designer Davide Renne dies aged 46</strong> - Davide Renne, ex-head of women’s wear at Gucci, joined Moschino as creative director just nine days ago.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Protective vaccination rates falling out of reach in US; exemptions hit record</strong> - Vaccination exemptions among kindergartners rose from 2.6% to a record high of 3%. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1983182">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Alexa just cost Amazon another $46.7 million</strong> - “Alexus” voice assistant demoed 6 months before Alexa reveal, patent lawsuit said. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1983039">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dealmaster: Apple watches, TV mega-deals, headphone sales, and more</strong> - Black Friday keeps coming, tech gear keeps dropping. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1983006">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Humane AI Pin is a bizarre cross between Google Glass and a pager</strong> - The Humane AI pin has no screen, no apps, and a creepy in-your-face camera. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1982491">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Apple discriminated against US citizens in hiring, DOJ says</strong> - Apple deterred US citizens from positions open to foreign workers, DOJ found. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1983046">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>It is/was/will be my Cake Day, so here’s a favorite: A woman joins a country club, and when she hears some guys talking about their golf round, she says, “I played on my college’s golf team. I was pretty good. Mind if I join you next week?”</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
No one wants to say ‘yes’, but they’re on the spot. Finally, one man says, “Okay, but we start at 6:30 a.m.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
He figures the early tee-time will discourage her. The woman says this may be a problem and asks if she can be up to 15 minutes late.They roll their eyes, but say, “Okay.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
She’s there at 6:30 am. sharp and beats all of them with an eye-opening 2-under par round. She’s fun and pleasant and the guys are impressed.They congratulate her and invite her back the next week. She smiles, and says, “I’ll be there at 6:30, or 6:45.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The next week she again shows up at 6:30 sharp. Only this time, she plays left-handed. The three guys are incredulous as she still beats them with an even par round, despite playing with her off-hand.They’re totally amazed … They can’t figure her out.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
She’s very pleasant and a gracious winner. They invite her back again, but each man harbors a burning desire to beat her.The third week, she’s 15 minutes late, which irritates the guys.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
This week she plays right-handed and narrowly beats all three of them. The men grumble that her late arrival is petty gamesmanship on her part. However, she’s so charming and complimentary of their strong play, they can’t hold a grudge.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
This woman is a riddle no one can figure out.They have a couple of beers in the Clubhouse and finally, one of the men asks her, “How do you decide if you’re going to golf right-handed or left-handed?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The lady blushes, and grins. “When my dad taught me to play golf, I learned that I was ambidextrous.” she replies. “I like to switch back and forth.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
"When I got married after college, I discovered my husband always sleeps in the nude. From then on, I developed a silly habit.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Right before I leave in the morning for golf practice, I pull the covers off him. If his ‘willie’ points to the right, I golf right-handed; if it points to the left, I golf left-handed."
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The guys think this is hysterical.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Astonished at this bizarre information, one of the guys says, “What if it’s pointing straight up?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
She says, “Then, I’m fifteen minutes late.”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Waitsfornoone"> /u/Waitsfornoone </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/17sjldz/it_iswaswill_be_my_cake_day_so_heres_a_favorite_a/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/17sjldz/it_iswaswill_be_my_cake_day_so_heres_a_favorite_a/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>They say that mafia members are nasty people, but…</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
but while growing up, I lived next door to one and he was actually a nice guy.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
In fact, every morning, he paid me $20 just to start his car.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/benf101"> /u/benf101 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/17sdfma/they_say_that_mafia_members_are_nasty_people_but/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/17sdfma/they_say_that_mafia_members_are_nasty_people_but/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Nuclear war is like incest</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
We can all imagine what it would be like if it happened but none of us want it to actually happen. Also both cause deformities in the long run.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Tonlick"> /u/Tonlick </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/17sc8x0/nuclear_war_is_like_incest/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/17sc8x0/nuclear_war_is_like_incest/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Morning sex….</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
She was standing in the kitchen, preparing our usual soft-boiled eggs and toast for breakfast, wearing only The ‘T’ shirt that she normally slept in.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
As I walked in, almost awake, she turned to me and said softly, “You’ve got to make love to me this very moment!”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
My eyes lit up and I thought, “I am either still dreaming or this is going to be my lucky day!” Not wanting to lose the moment, I embraced her and then gave it my all; right there on the kitchen table.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Afterwards she said, “Thanks,” and returned to the stove, her T-shirt still around her neck.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Happy, but a little puzzled, I asked, “What was that all about?” She explained, “The egg timer’s broken.”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/arztnur"> /u/arztnur </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/17s7rq8/morning_sex/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/17s7rq8/morning_sex/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>When a woman squirts, it isn’t pee..</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
It’s twater
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Toxic_Asshole666"> /u/Toxic_Asshole666 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/17slrlj/when_a_woman_squirts_it_isnt_pee/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/17slrlj/when_a_woman_squirts_it_isnt_pee/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
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