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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Bodily, emotional, and public sphere at the time of COVID-19. An investigation on concrete and abstract concepts</strong> -
<div>
The outbreak of Covid-19 pandemics has dramatically affected people’s lives. Among newly established practices, it has likely enriched our conceptual representations with new components. We tested this asking Italian participants during the first lockdown to rate a set of diverse words on several crucial dimensions. We found concepts are organized along a main axis opposing internal and external grounding, with fine-grained distinctions within the two categories underlining the role of emotions. We also show through a comparison with existing data that Covid-19 impacted the organization of conceptual representations. For instance, subclasses of abstract concepts that are usually distinct converge into a unitary group, characterized by emotions and internal grounding. Additionally, we found institutional and Covid-19 related concepts, for which participants felt more the need for others to understand the meaning, clustered together. Our results show that the spread of Covid-19 has simultaneously changed our lives and shaped our conceptual representations.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/6pvgf/" target="_blank">Bodily, emotional, and public sphere at the time of COVID-19. An investigation on concrete and abstract concepts</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Conceptual flexibility and the meaning of Covid-19: evidence from the first Italian lockdown</strong> -
<div>
Several studies highlighted the flexible character of our conceptual system. However, less is known about the construction of meaning and the impact of novel concepts on the structuring of our conceptual space. We addressed these questions by collecting free listing data from Italian participants on a newly–and yet nowadays critical–introduced concept, i.e., Covid-19, during the first Italian lockdown. We also collected data for other five illness-related concepts. Our results show that Covid-19’s representation is mostly couched in the emotional sphere, predominantly evoking fear—linked to both possible health-related concerns and social-emotional ones. In contrast with initial public debates participants did not assimilate Covid-19 neither completely to severe illnesses (e.g., tumor) nor completely to mild illnesses (e.g., flu). Moreover, we also found that Covid-19 has shaped conceptual relations of other concepts in the illness domain, making certain features and associations more salient (e.g., flu-fear; disease-mask). Overall, our results show for the first time how a novel, real concept molds existing conceptual relations, testifying the malleability of our conceptual system.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/4ndb8/" target="_blank">Conceptual flexibility and the meaning of Covid-19: evidence from the first Italian lockdown</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Mindfulness, Resilience, Perceived Social Support, and Emotional Well-being for Santri During the Covid-19 Pandemic</strong> -
<div>
The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between mindfulness, resilience, and perceived social support with emotional well-being in santri during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is quantitative. Data collection tools in this study used a mindfulness scale, resilience scale, perceived social support scale and emotional well-being scale. Subjects in this study amounted to 363 of the total population of 965 santri through the purposive accidental sampling technique. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques. The results of this study show the R Square value of 0,166 which means that the variables of mindfulness, resilience, and perceived social support have an effect of 16,6% on emotional well-being, while 83.4% is influenced by other variables. So that the proposed hypothesis is accepted, meaning that the higher the mindfulness, resilience, and perceived social support, the higher the perceived emotional well-being.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/z8qpr/" target="_blank">Mindfulness, Resilience, Perceived Social Support, and Emotional Well-being for Santri During the Covid-19 Pandemic</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>AI based strategies for Covid-19 drug repurposing.</strong> -
<div>
Background: The novel coronavirus disease, COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused catastrophic effects resulting in over 5.6 million deaths worldwide as of February 2022 and approximately 3.6 million new cases have resulted. The traditional drug discovery methodology is a risky, lengthy and expensive process, and due to the urgency to discover new therapies and treatments, the drug repositioning strategy has been driven by its potential to identify compounds that could be used to treat the symptoms. Viral infection attracts attention. Method: It was discovered that the convolutional neural network (CNN) and its modified models were mainly used for COVID-19 pandemic prediction, whereas in the case of machine learning (ML), the support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) was largely utilized for COVID-19 pandemic combat. Result: In the case of COVID-19, modern technologies such as AI and ML have been used effectively to identify remdesivir alongside other drugs to treat COVID-19. It has shown promise in treating COVID-19, prompting the FDA to issue emergency use authorization, although it is only limited to severe conditions. The FDA made this decision based on early research showing the drug could help speed recovery in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/c2u4x/" target="_blank">AI based strategies for Covid-19 drug repurposing.</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Using General Collective Intelligence to Re-think Decision-Systems and Other Information Technologies &amp; Information Systems to Better Inform Pandemic Responses</strong> -
<div>
The emerging science of Human-Centric Functional Modeling uses functional state spaces to provide a completely self-contained representation of human perceptions in the functional domain of each consciously observable human system (body, emotions, mind, consciousness). In the case of the cognitive system (mind) this constitutes a complete semantic model of information. This semantic model is required to implement a General Collective Intelligence software platform hypothesized to be capable of acting as a collective cognition that significantly increases capacity for group problem- solving through collective reasoning. This paper explores how the lack of this General Collective Intelligence based decision-making platform, and hence the lack of this semantic modeling, might be a systemic error in all group decisions, including policy decisions, with the result of preventing governments from achieving optimal outcomes with regards to the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper also explores why this newly emerging science of General Collective Intelligence or GCI as a model of collective decision-making is predicted to radically increase capacity to solve collective problems, and why this is predicted to radically impact COVID-19 response policy.
</div>
<div class="article- link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/africarxiv/q7kvd/" target="_blank">Using General Collective Intelligence to Re-think Decision-Systems and Other Information Technologies &amp; Information Systems to Better Inform Pandemic Responses</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Stable nebulization and muco-trapping properties of Regdanvimab/IN-006 support its development as a potent, dose- saving inhaled therapy for COVID-19</strong> -
<div>
The respiratory tract represents the key target for antiviral delivery in early interventions to prevent severe COVID-19. While neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAb) possess considerable efficacy, their current reliance on parenteral dosing necessitates very large doses and places a substantial burden on the healthcare system. In contrast, direct inhaled delivery of mAb therapeutics offers the convenience of self-dosing at home, as well as much more efficient mAb delivery to the respiratory tract. Here, building on our previous discovery of Fc-mucin interactions crosslinking viruses to mucins, we showed that regdanvimab, a potent neutralizing mAb already approved for COVID-19 in several countries around the world, can effectively trap SARS-CoV-2 virus-like-particles in fresh human airway mucus. IN-006, a reformulation of Regdanvimab, was stably nebulized across a wide range of concentrations, with no loss of activity and no formation of aggregates. Finally, nebulized delivery of IN-006 resulted in 100-fold greater mAb levels in the lungs of rats compared to serum, in marked contrast to intravenously dosed mAbs. These results not only support our current efforts to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IN-006 in clinical trials, but more broadly substantiate nebulized delivery of human antiviral mAbs as a new paradigm in treating SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathologies.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.27.482162v1" target="_blank">Stable nebulization and muco-trapping properties of Regdanvimab/IN-006 support its development as a potent, dose-saving inhaled therapy for COVID-19</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Myocarditis and Pericarditis following COVID-19 Vaccination: Evidence Syntheses on Incidence, Risk Factors, Natural History, and Hypothesized Mechanisms</strong> -
<div>
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Objectives: Myocarditis and pericarditis are adverse events of special interest after vaccination for COVID-19. Evidence syntheses were conducted on incidence rates, risk factors for myocarditis and pericarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, clinical presentation and short- and longer-term outcomes of cases, and proposed mechanisms and their supporting evidence. Design: Systematic reviews and evidence reviews. Data sources: Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched from October 2020 to January 10, 2022; reference lists and grey literature (to January 13, 2021). Review methods: Large (&gt;10,000) or population-based/multisite observational studies and surveillance data (incidence and risk factors) reporting on confirmed myocarditis or pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination; case series (n≥5, presentation, short-term clinical course and longer-term outcomes); opinions/letters/reviews/primary studies focused on describing or supporting hypothesized mechanisms. A single reviewer completed screening and another verified 50% of exclusions, using a machine-learning program to prioritize records. A second reviewer verified all exclusions at full text, extracted data, and (for incidence and risk factors) risk of bias assessments using modified Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Team consensus determined certainty of evidence ratings for incidence and risk factors using GRADE. Results: 46 studies were included (14 on incidence, 7 on risk factors, 11 on characteristics and short-term course, 3 on longer term outcomes, and 21 on mechanisms). Incidence of myocarditis after mRNA vaccines is highest in male adolescents and young adults (12-17y: range 50-139 cases per million [low certainty] and 18-29y: range 28-147 per million [moderate certainty]). For 5-11 year-old males and females and females 18-29 years of age, incidence of myocarditis after vaccination with Pfizer may be fewer than 20 cases per million (low certainty). There was very low certainty evidence for incidence after a third dose of an mRNA vaccine. For 18-29 year-old males and females, incidence of myocarditis is probably higher after vaccination with Moderna compared to Pfizer (moderate certainty). Among 12-17, 18-29 and 18-39 year-olds, incidence of myocarditis/pericarditis after dose 2 of an mRNA vaccine may be lower when administered ≥31 days compared to ≤30 days after dose 1 (low certainty). Data specific to males aged 18-29 indicated that the dosing interval may need to increase to ≥56 days to substantially drop incidence. For clinical course and short-term outcomes only one small series (n=8) was found for 5-11 year olds. In cases of adolescents and adults, the majority (&gt;90%) of myocarditis cases involved 20-30 year-old males with symptom onset 2 to 4 days after second dose (71-100%). Most cases were hospitalized (≥84%) for a short duration (2-4 d). For pericarditis, data is limited but more variation has been reported in patient age, sex, onset timing and rate of hospitalization. Case series with longer- term (3 mo; n=38) follow-up suggest persistent ECG abnormalities, as well as ongoing symptoms and/or a need for medications or restriction from activities in &gt;50% of patients. 16 hypothesized mechanisms are described, with little direct supporting or refuting evidence. Conclusions: Adolescent and young adult males are at the highest risk of myocarditis after mRNA vaccination. Pfizer over Moderna and waiting more than 30 days between doses may be preferred for this population. Incidence of myocarditis in children aged 5-11 may be very rare but certainty was low. Data on clinical risk factors was very limited. Clinical course of mRNA related myocarditis appears to be benign although longer term follow-up data is limited. Prospective studies with appropriate testing (e.g., biopsy, tissue morphology) will enhance understanding of mechanism(s). Funding and Registration no. This project was funded in part by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) through the COVID-19 Evidence Network to support Decision-making (COVID-END) at McMaster University. Not registered.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.28.22271643v1" target="_blank">Myocarditis and Pericarditis following COVID-19 Vaccination: Evidence Syntheses on Incidence, Risk Factors, Natural History, and Hypothesized Mechanisms</a>
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<li><strong>Fine-scale variation in the effect of national border on COVID-19 spread: A case study of the Saxon-Czech border region</strong> -
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The global extent and temporally asynchronous pattern of COVID-19 spread have repeatedly highlighted the role of international borders in the fight against the pandemic. Additionally, the deluge of high resolution, spatially referenced epidemiological data generated by the pandemic provides new opportunities to study disease transmission at heretofore inaccessible scales. Existing studies of cross-border infection fluxes, for both COVID-19 and other diseases, have largely focused on characterizing overall border effects. Here, we couple fine-scale incidence data with localized regression models to quantify spatial variation in the inhibitory effect of an international border. We take as a case study the border region between the German state of Saxony and the neighboring regions in northwestern Czechia, where municipality-level COVID-19 incidence data are available on both sides of the border. Consistent with past studies, we find an overall inhibitory effect of the border, but with a clear asymmetry, where the inhibitory effect is stronger from Saxony to Czechia than vice versa. Furthermore, we identify marked spatial variation along the border in the degree to which disease spread was inhibited. In particular, the area around Loebau in Saxony appears to have been a hotspot for cross-border disease transmission. The ability to identify infection flux hotspots along international borders may help to tailor monitoring programs and response measures to more effectively limit disease spread.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.03.01.22271644v1" target="_blank">Fine-scale variation in the effect of national border on COVID-19 spread: A case study of the Saxon-Czech border region</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Evolutionary analysis of genomes of SARS-CoV-2-related bat viruses suggests old roots, constant effective population size, and possible increase of fitness</strong> -
<div>
It is of vital practical interest to understand the co-evolution of bat beta-coronaviruses with their hosts, since a number of these most likely crossed the species boundaries and infected humans. Complete sequences of 47 consensus genomes are available for bat beta-coronaviruses related to the SARS-CoV-2 human virus. We carried out several types of evolutionary analyses using these data. First, using the publicly available BEAST 2 software, we generated phylogenetic trees and skyline plots. The roots of the trees, both for the entire sequences and subsequences coding for the E and S proteins as well as the 5’ and 3’ UTR regions, are estimated to be located from several decades to more than a thousand years ago, while the effective population sizes remained largely constant. Motivated by this, we developed a simple estimator of the effective population size in a Moran model with constant population, which, under the model is equal to the expected age of the MRCA measured in generations. Comparisons of these estimates to those produced by BEAST 2 shows qualitative agreement. We also compared the site frequency spectra (SFS) of the bat genomes to those provided by the Moran Tug-of-War model. Comparison does not exclude the possibility that overall fitness of the bat beta-coronaviruses was increasing over time as a result of directional selection. Stability of interactions of bats and their viruses was considered likely on the basis of specific manner in which bat immunity is tuned, and it seems consistent with our analysis.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.28.482287v1" target="_blank">Evolutionary analysis of genomes of SARS-CoV-2-related bat viruses suggests old roots, constant effective population size, and possible increase of fitness</a>
</div></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A compartmental Mathematical model of COVID-19 intervention scenarios for Mumbai</strong> -
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A new mathematical method with an outstanding potential to predict the incidence of COVID-19 diseases has been proposed. The model proposed is an improvement to the SEIR model. In order to improve the basic understanding of disease spread and outcomes, four compartments included presymptomatic, asymptomatic, quarantine hospitalized and hospitalized. We have studied COVID-19 cases in the city of Mumbai. We first gather clinical details and fit it on death cases using the Lavenberg-Marquardt model to approximate the various parameters. The model uses logistic regression to calculate the basic reproduction number over time and the case fatality rate based on the age-category scenario of the city of Mumbai. Two types of case fatality rate are calculated by the model: one is CFR daily, and the other is total CFR. The total case fatality rate is 4.2, which is almost the same as the actual scenario. The proposed model predicts the approximate time when the disease is at its worst and the approximate time when death cases barely arise and determines how many hospital beds in the peak days of infection would be expected. The proposed model outperforms the classic ARX, SARIMAX and the ARIMA model. And It also outperforms the deep learning models LSTM and Seq2Seq model. To validate results, RMSE, MAPE and R squared matrices are used and are represented using Taylor diagrams graphically.
</p>
</div></li>
</ul>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.28.22271624v1" target="_blank">A compartmental Mathematical model of COVID-19 intervention scenarios for Mumbai</a>
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<ul>
<li><strong>Performance Drift in a Clinical Prognostic Algorithm during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic</strong> -
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Research Objective: Health systems use clinical predictive algorithms to allocate resources to high-risk patients. Such algorithms are trained using historical data and are later implemented in clinical settings. During this implementation period, predictive algorithms are prone to performance changes (drift) due to exogenous shocks in utilization or shifts in patient characteristics. Our objective was to examine the impact of sudden utilization shifts during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the performance of an electronic health record (EHR)-based prognostic algorithm. Study Design: We studied changes in the performance of Conversation Connect, a validated machine learning algorithm that predicts 180-day mortality among outpatients with cancer receiving care at medical oncology practices within a large academic cancer center. Conversation Connect generates mortality risk predictions before each encounter using data from 159 EHR variables collected in the six months before the encounter. Since January 2019, Conversation Connect has been used as part of a behavioral intervention to prompt clinicians to consider early advance care planning conversations among patients with ≥10% mortality risk. First, we descriptively compared encounter-level characteristics in the following periods: January 2019-February 2020 (pre-pandemic), March-May 2020 (early-pandemic), and June-December 2020 (later-pandemic). Second, we quantified changes in high-risk patient encounters using interrupted time series analyses that controlled for pre-pandemic trends and demographic, clinical, and practice covariates. Our primary metric of performance drift was false negative rate (FNR). Third, we assessed contributors to performance drift by comparing distributions of key EHR inputs across periods and predicting later pandemic utilization using pre-pandemic inputs. Population Studied: 237,336 in-person and telemedicine medical oncology encounters. Principal Findings: Age, race, average patient encounters per month, insurance type, comorbidity counts, laboratory values, and overall mortality were similar among encounters in the pre-, early-, and later-pandemic periods. Relative to the pre-pandemic period, the later-pandemic period was characterized by a 6.5-percentage-point decrease (28.2% vs. 34.7%) in high-risk encounters (p&lt;0.001). FNR increased from 41.0% (95% CI 38.0-44.1%) in the pre-pandemic period to 57.5% (95% CI 51.9-63.0%) in the later pandemic period. Compared to the pre-pandemic period, the early and later pandemic periods had higher proportions of telemedicine encounters (0.01% pre-pandemic vs. 20.0% early-pandemic vs. 26.4% later-pandemic) and encounters with no preceding laboratory draws (17.7% pre-pandemic vs. 19.8% early-pandemic vs. 24.1% later-pandemic). In the later pandemic period, observed laboratory utilization was lower than predicted (76.0% vs 81.2%, p&lt;0.001). In the later-pandemic period, mean 180-day mortality risk scores were lower for telemedicine encounters vs. in-person encounters (10.3% vs 11.2%, p&lt;0.001) and encounters with no vs. any preceding laboratory draws (1.5% vs. 14.0%, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic period, the performance of a machine learning prognostic algorithm used to prompt advance care planning declined substantially. Increases in telemedicine and declines in laboratory utilization contributed to lower performance. Implications for Policy or Practice: This is the first study to show algorithm performance drift due to SARS-CoV-2 pandemic-related shifts in telemedicine and laboratory utilization. These mechanisms of performance drift could apply to other EHR clinical predictive algorithms. Pandemic-related decreases in care utilization may negatively impact the performance of clinical predictive algorithms and warrant assessment and possible retraining of such algorithms.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.28.22270996v1" target="_blank">Performance Drift in a Clinical Prognostic Algorithm during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic</a>
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<li><strong>Government restriction efficiency on curbing COVID-19 pandemic transmission in Western Europe</strong> -
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In this article we assess the effectiveness of the restrictions, implemented at government level, to curb the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak (January-May 2020) in seven European countries. The analysis put in evidence a strong correlation (correlation coefficient greater than 0.85) between one of the statistical parameters of the distribution representing the temporal evolution of the weekly number of patients admitted into the Intensive Cure Unit (ICU), i.e., the skewness, and the Stringency Index, an aggregate synthetic variable that reflects the level of implemented restrictions by a specific country on a scale between 0 (no restrictions) and 100 (full lockdown). Then, to assess if the skewness is consistent in effectively reflecting the applied restrictions, we computed the skewness for non-Covid flu outbreaks during four years from 2014-2015 to 2018-2019 and Covid-19 outbreak, where no restrictions were applied in Italy. The results highlight a significant difference between the values of the skewness for the normal flu with respect to the COVID-19 outbreak. This large difference put in evidence that the implemented restrictions modify the skewness of the ICU hospitalized patient number distribution. The skewness then can be used as a valid indicator to assess if the restriction had any effect on pandemic transmission and can be used as a support for decision makers.
</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.28.22271636v1" target="_blank">Government restriction efficiency on curbing COVID-19 pandemic transmission in Western Europe</a>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the COVID Stress Scales in Greek</strong> -
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Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, several instruments were developed to measure the psychological impact of COVID-19, such as fear, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, phobia, etc. Objective: To adapt cross-cultural and validate the COVID Stress Scales in Greek. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 200 participants between November 2021 to February 2022. All participants were adults, and a convenience sample was obtained. We applied the forward- backward translation method to create a Greek version of the COVID Stress Scales. We assessed the reliability of the questionnaire with the test-retest method in a 10-day window, and we assessed the validity of the questionnaire with exploratory factor analysis. Results: Our five-factor model explained 72% of the variance and totally confirmed the factors of the initial COVID Stress Scales. In particular, we found the following five factors: (a) COVID-19 danger and contamination (eleven items), (b) COVID-19 socioeconomic consequences (six items), (c) COVID-19 xenophobia (six items),</p></div></li>
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<ol start="4" type="a">
<li>COVID-19 traumatic stress (six items), and (e) COVID-19 compulsive checking (six items). Cronbach coefficients alpha for the five factors that emerged from the exploratory factor analysis were greater than 0.89 indicating excellent internal reliability. Conclusions: We found that the COVID Stress Scales is a reliable and valid tool to measure stress due to the COVID-19 in the Greek population.
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"></p>
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.28.22271615v1" target="_blank">Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the COVID Stress Scales in Greek</a>
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<li><strong>Assessing the heterogeneity in the transmission of infectious diseases from time series of epidemiological data</strong> -
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Structural features and the heterogeneity of disease transmissions play an essential role in the dynamics of epidemic spread. But these aspects can not completely be assessed from aggregate data or macroscopic indicators such as the effective reproduction number. We propose an index of effective aggregate dispersion (EffDI) that indicates the significance of infection clusters and superspreading events in the progression of outbreaks by carefully measuring the level of stochasticity in time series of reported case numbers. This allows to detect the transition from predominantly clustered spreading to a diffusive regime with diminishing significance of singular clusters, which can be decisive for the future progression of outbreaks and relevant in the planning of containment measures. We evaluate EffDI for SARS- CoV-2 case data in different countries and compare the results with a quantifier for the socio-demographic heterogeneity in disease transmissions in a case study to substantiate that EffDI qualifies as a measure for the heterogeneity in transmission dynamics.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.21.22271241v1" target="_blank">Assessing the heterogeneity in the transmission of infectious diseases from time series of epidemiological data</a>
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<li><strong>Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption alters the lung transcriptome to predispose to viral infection</strong> -
<div>
Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption (SCRD), as encountered during shift work, increases the risk of respiratory viral infection including SARS-CoV-2. However, the mechanism(s) underpinning higher rates of respiratory viral infection following SCRD remain poorly characterised. To address this, we investigated the effects of acute sleep deprivation on the mouse lung transcriptome. Here we show that sleep deprivation profoundly alters the transcriptional landscape of the lung, causing the suppression of both innate and adaptive immune systems, disrupting the circadian clock, and activating genes implicated in SARS-CoV-2 replication, thereby generating a lung environment that promotes viral infection and associated disease pathogenesis. Our study provides a mechanistic explanation of how SCRD increases the risk of respiratory viral infections including SARS-CoV-2 and highlights therapeutic avenues for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.28.482377v1" target="_blank">Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption alters the lung transcriptome to predispose to viral infection</a>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pulmonary Rehabilitation Implemented With VR for Post-COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Procedure: Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   The Opole University of Technology<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pulmonary Rehabilitation Implemented With Virtual Reality for Post-COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Procedure: Pulmonary rehabilitation<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:  <br/>
The Opole University of Technology<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Anti-inflammatory Drug Algorithm for COVID-19 Home Treatment</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Recommended treatment schedule;   Drug: Usual care<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research;   Family physicians<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Transcranial Direct Stimulation for Persistent Fatigue Treatment Post-COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Device: Active tDCS;   Device: Sham tDCS<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Hospital San Carlos, Madrid<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effect of Combined Use of Ivermectin and Colchicine in COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Ivermectin + colchicine;   Drug: Colchicine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Ain Shams University<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Phase III, Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of TD0069 Capsule as a Combination Regimen With Standard Treatment for Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: TD0069 hard capsule;   Drug: TD0069 Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Sao Thai Duong Joint Stock Company;   Clinical Training Company<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Nebulised Heparin in Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19 Pneumonia<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Unfractionated heparin<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Lady Reading Hospital, Pakistan<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Nutrition and LOComotoric Rehabilitation in Long COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Other: Intervention group<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:  <br/>
Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel;   Vrije Universiteit Brussel<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Immuno-bridging and Broadening Study of a Whole, Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine BBV152 in Healthy Adults</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: BBV152<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Ocugen<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Vale+ Tu Salud: Corner-Based Randomized Trial to Test a Latino Day Laborer Program Adapted to Prevent COVID 19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Behavioral: COVID-19 Group Problem Solving;   Behavioral: Control Group-standard of care<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston;   National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>JT001 (VV116) for the Early Treatment of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Mild to Moderate COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: JT001;   Combination Product: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Shanghai JunTop Biosciences Co., LTD;   Sponsor GmbH<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy of the Infusion of Donor Plasma in SARS CoV 2 Infection</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: convalescent plasma infusion covid 19<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo<br/><b>Terminated</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Reparixin as add-on Therapy to Standard of Care to Limit Disease Progression in Adult Patients With COVID-19.</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19 Pneumonia;   Sars-CoV-2 Infection<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Reparixin;   Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Prevention Trial: Effect of Prophylactic Use of TAFFIX™ on Infection Rate by SARS-COV-2 VIRUS (COVID-19).</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19;   Upper Respiratory Tract Infections<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Device: TaffiX™<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Nasus Pharma<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Phase III Trial to Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of a HIPRA’s Candidate Booster Vaccination Against COVID-19.</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   COVID-19;   SARS-CoV-2 Acute Respiratory Disease<br/><b>Intervention</b>:  <br/>
Biological: COVID-19 Vaccine 40 ug/dose<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Hipra Scientific, S.L.U<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Enhancing the prediction of hospitalization from a COVID-19 agent-based model: A Bayesian method for model parameter estimation</strong> - Agent-based models (ABMs) have become a common tool for estimating demand for hospital beds during the COVID-19 pandemic. A key parameter in these ABMs is the probability of hospitalization for agents with COVID-19. Many published COVID-19 ABMs use either single point or age-specific estimates of the probability of hospitalization for agents with COVID-19, omitting key factors: comorbidities and testing status (i.e., received vs. did not receive COVID-19 test). These omissions can inhibit…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Immunomodulatory effects of pharmaceutical opioids and antipyretic analgesics: Mechanisms and relevance to infection</strong> - Understanding how pharmaceutical opioids and antipyretic analgesics interact with the immune system potentially has major clinical implications for management of patients with infectious diseases and surgical and critical care patients. An electronic search was carried out on MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CENTRAL and the Cochrane library to identify reports describing the immunomodulatory effects of opioid analgesics and antipyretic analgesics, and their effects in infectious diseases. In adaptive…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 and Cushing’s disease in a patient with ACTH-secreting pituitary carcinoma</strong> - SUMMARY: The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is of an unprecedented magnitude and has made it challenging to properly treat patients with urgent or rare endocrine disorders. Little is known about the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with rare endocrine malignancies, such as pituitary carcinoma. We describe the case of a 43-year-old patient with adrenocorticotrophic hormone-secreting pituitary carcinoma who developed a severe COVID-19…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Contribution of Host miRNA-223-3p to SARS-CoV-Induced Lung Inflammatory Pathology</strong> - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the closely related SARS-CoV-2 are emergent highly pathogenic human respiratory viruses causing acute lethal disease associated with lung damage and dysregulated inflammatory responses. SARS-CoV envelope protein (E) is a virulence factor involved in the activation of various inflammatory pathways. Here, we study the contribution of host miRNAs to the virulence mediated by E protein. Small RNAseq analysis of infected mouse lungs…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The FDA-Approved Drug Cobicistat Synergizes with Remdesivir To Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Replication In Vitro and Decreases Viral Titers and Disease Progression in Syrian Hamsters</strong> - Combinations of direct-acting antivirals are needed to minimize drug resistance mutations and stably suppress replication of RNA viruses. Currently, there are limited therapeutic options against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and testing of a number of drug regimens has led to conflicting results. Here, we show that cobicistat, which is an FDA-approved drug booster that blocks the activity of the drug-metabolizing proteins cytochrome P450-3As (CYP3As) and…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors Using a Novel Cell-Based Assay</strong> - As an essential enzyme of SARS-CoV-2, main protease (M^(Pro)) triggers acute toxicity to its human cell host, an effect that can be alleviated by an M^(Pro) inhibitor. Using this toxicity alleviation, we developed an effective method that allows a bulk analysis of the cellular potency of M^(Pro) inhibitors. This novel assay is advantageous over an antiviral assay in providing precise cellular M^(Pro) inhibition information to assess an M^(Pro) inhibitor. We used this assay to analyze 30 known…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Psychological distress related to Covid-19 in healthy public (CORPD): A statistical method for assessing the validation of scale</strong> - Using the empirically statistical method, such as Cronbach’s alpha, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis, to assess the validation of the scales, which reflected the psychological distress related to Covid-19. The scale of covid-19 related psychological distress in healthy public, developed by Feng et al. (2020), has been measured by two factors, including anxiety and fear of being inflected by covid-19 (AF) and suspicious of being inflected by covid-19 (SU). Common…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Eco-pharma research aimed at developing COVID-19 therapeutic agent</strong> - Novel coronavirus infection disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that has been rampant worldwide since its onset was confirmed in Wuhan, China in 2019. An effective therapy has not yet been established, and there is an urgent need to establish a breakthrough therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 aggravation. The main route of infection is that the Spike protein (S protein) on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 binds to its recognition receptor, angiotensin…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Role of ACE2 in COVID-19</strong> - In the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), angiotensin II (AngII) converted by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) exerts a strong physiological activity via the AT1 receptor (AT1R). Thus, the ACE-AngII-AT1R axis positively regulates RAS. On the other hand, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is known to negatively regulate RAS by degrading AngII into angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7). In the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is characterized by pulmonary hyperinflammation, the AngII-AT1R…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>De novo design of novel spike glycoprotein inhibitors using e-pharmacophore modeling, molecular hybridization, ADMET, quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics studies for COVID-19</strong> - The pandemic COVID-19, caused by SARS-COV-2, has been a global concern and burden since April 2020 due to high contagiousness and pathogenesis. A great effort is being devoted to identify and investigate different druggable targets for SARS-COV-2 drug discovery. At least three targets have been identified among them is the spike glycoprotein which facilitates viral entry by binding to angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE-2 receptor) in host cell. In the current study, different computational tools…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>False positive Herpes Simplex IgM serology in COVID-19 patients correlates with SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG seropositivity</strong> - Differentiating COVID-19 from other causes of viral pneumonia, like herpes simplex (HSV), can be complicated by shared clinical and laboratory features. Viral pneumonia is mostly diagnosed based on molecular or serological techniques. Serological immunoassay interferences, often attributed to concurrent appearance of heterologous (viral) immunoglobulins, is well-known, but has not been studied in COVID-19 patients. Following false positive HSV immunoglobulin M (IgM) results in our index patient,…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Successful Treatment of a Severe COVID-19 Patient Using an Integrated Approach Addressing Mast Cells and Their Mediators</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 infects cells leading to a complex immune response that involves the release of mediators, most of which are released from mast cells, leading to lung edema, fibrosis, inflammation, and micro thromboses, hallmarks of COVID-19. Here we report on a patient who was initially hospitalized with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, as well as physical and mental fatigue. In spite of her having been treated with albuterol, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, convalescent plasma and dexamethasone, she continued…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Understanding the influence of political orientation, social network, and economic recovery on COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Americans</strong> - The COVID-19 pandemic poses unprecedented risks to the well-being of Americans. To control the pandemic, a sufficient proportion of the population needs to be vaccinated promptly. Despite the proven efficacy and widespread availability, vaccine distribution and administration rates remain low. Thus, it is important to understand the public behavior of COVID-19 vaccination. This study aims to identify determinants at multiple levels that promote or inhibit one’s vaccine uptake. We combine…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The prevalence of pulmonary embolism in non-hospitalised de-isolated patients diagnosed with mild COVID-19 disease</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: We confirm a high prevalence of PE in non-hospitalised patients diagnosed with mild COVID-19 who presented with raised D-dimer levels and persistent or new-onset cardiopulmonary symptoms. We recommend that irrespective of disease severity, hospitalised and non-hospitalised patients with COVID-19 presenting with persistent or new-onset cardiopulmonary symptoms and raised D-dimer levels should be investigated further for PE.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Thymosin-alpha1 binds with ACE and downregulates the expression of ACE2 in human respiratory epithelia</strong> - CONCLUSION: The bioinformatic findings of network pharmacology and the corresponding pharmacological validations have revealed that thymosin-α1 treatment could decrease ACE2 expression in human lung epithelial cells, which strengthens the potential clinical applications of thymosin-α1 to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING IMPROVED GENERALIZED FUZZY PEER GROUP WITH MODIFIED TRILATERAL FILTER TO REMOVE MIXED IMPULSE AND ADAPTIVE WHITE GAUSSIAN NOISE FROM COLOR IMAGES</strong> - ABSTRACTMETHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING IMPROVED GENERALIZED FUZZY PEER GROUP WITH MODIFIED TRILATERAL FILTER TO REMOVE MIXED IMPULSE AND ADAPTIVE WHITE GAUSSIAN NOISE FROM COLOR IMAGESThe present invention provides a new approach is proposed that includes fuzzy-based approach and similarity function for filtering the mixed noise. In a peer group, the similarity function was adaptive to edge information and local noise level, which was utilized for detecting the similarity among pixels. In addition, a new filtering method Modified Trilateral Filter (MTF) with Improved Generalized Fuzzy Peer Group (IGFPG) is proposed to remove mixed impulse and Adaptive White Gaussian Noise from Color Images. The modified trilateral filter includes Kikuchi algorithm and loopy belief propagation to solve the inference issues on the basis of passing local message. In this research work, the images were collected from KODAK dataset and a few real time multimedia images like Lena were also used for testing the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN351884428">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A STUDY ON MENTAL HEALTH, STRESS AND ANXIETY AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS DURING COVID-19</strong> - SARS-Cov-2 virus causes an infectious disease coronavirus(COVID-19).The Students life is made harder by COVID-19.The human reaction that happens normally to everyone through physical or emotional tension is stress. Feeling of angry, nervous and frustration caused through any thought or events leads to stress. As college closures and cancelled events, students are missing out on some of the biggest moments of their young lives as well as everyday moments like chatting with friend, participating in class and cultural programme. For students facing life changes due to the outbreak are feeling anxious, isolated and disappointed which lead them to feel all alone. We like to take the help of expert adolescent psychologist to find out the techniques to practice self-care and look after their mental health. We would like to find out whether techniques used reduce the anxiety and stress among Engineering Students. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN351884923">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF COVID-19 INFECTIONS WITH PALMITOYLETHANOLAMIDE</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU351870997">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A CENTRAL TRANSACTION AUTHENTIC SYSTEM FOR OTP VERIFICATION</strong> - The present invention relates to a central transaction authentic system (100) for OTP verification. The system (100) comprises one or more user display units (102), one or more financial units (104), an account deposit unit (106), an OTP authentication unit (108) and a service server unit (110). The central transaction authentic system (100) for OTP verification work as Anti-money laundering measure. The system (100) also helpful for minimizing rate of cybercrime. The central transaction authentic system (100) for OTP verification that can neutralize digital financial fraud. The present invention provides a central transaction authentic system (100) for OTP verification that can monitor and analyze every transaction and customer interaction across its customer base for suspicious and potentially criminal activity. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN350377210">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>FORMULATIONS AND METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF HERBAL MEDICATED TRANSPARENT SOAP</strong> - ABSTRACTFORMULATIONS AND METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF HERBAL MEDICATED TRANSPARENT SOAPThe present invention provides formulations for herbal medicated transparent soaps and method of preparation of the same. Transparent soaps are prepared by saponification of mixture of non-edible oils to get the desired consistency and cleaning action. Nonvolatile alcohols and other transparency promoters are used to get good transparency and binding properties. Herbal extracts of different herbs are added to get medicated properties. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN350377796">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SOCIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM FOR MOBILE ROBOTS IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT TECHNOLOGY</strong> - The emergency department (ED) is a safety-critical environment in which healthcare workers (HCWs) are overburdened, overworked, and have limited resources, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. One way to address this problem is to explore the use of robots that can support clinical teams, e.g., to deliver materials or restock supplies. However, due to EDs being overcrowded, and the cognitive overload HCWs experience, robots need to understand various levels of patient acuity so they avoid disrupting care delivery. In this invention, we introduce the Safety-Critical Deep Q-Network (SafeDQN) system, a new acuity-aware navigation system for mobile robots. SafeDQN is based on two insights about care in EDs: high-acuity patients tend to have more HCWs in attendance and those HCWs tend to move more quickly. We compared SafeDQN to three classic navigation methods, and show that it generates the safest, quickest path for mobile robots when navigating in a simulated ED environment. We hope this work encourages future exploration of social robots that work in safety-critical, human-centered environments, and ultimately help to improve patient outcomes and save lives. Figure 1. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN349443355">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A MACHINE LEARNING BASED SYSTEM FOR DETECTING OMICRON VARIANT FROM A GENOME SEQUENCE AND METHOD THEREOF</strong> - The present invention discloses a machine learning based system for detecting omicron variant from a genome sequence and method thereof. The system includes, but not limited to, a processing unit having a memory unit and a machine learning interface embedded on it for validating a variant-induced changes in the one or more condition-specific cell variables are combined to output a single numerical variant score for each of the one or more variants, the variant score computed by one of outputting the score for a fixed condition; summing the variant-induced changes across conditions; computing the maximum of the absolute variant-induced changes across conditions. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN350376736">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A SYSTEM BASED ON DEEP LEARNING FOR ANALYZING DELAYED ENHANCEMENT MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING TO IDENTIFY COVID 19 AND METHOD THEREOF</strong> - The present invention discloses a system based on deep learning for analyzing delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging to identify COVID 19 and method thereof. The method and system include, but not limited to, a processing unit adapted to process the data based on deep learning data modelling in the magnetic resonance imaging associated with the digital image scanning system for diagnosis COVID 19 with the spatial resolution that each frame is deposited is 256 * 256, and being creating that level and vertical resolution respectively are 256 pixels (pixel), the read/write address that the read/write address of each image element, which is controlled by processing unit and forms circuit and finishes; And the data that will be stored in memory are input to a real-time microcontroller, it is characterized in that: analyze and compare by the Multi-source Information Fusion analytical system by using the real-time microcontroller to deliver the D/A changer then, digital signal is become analogue signal output. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN348041194">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>用于体外诊断的新型冠状病毒核衣壳蛋白抗体</strong> - 本发明提供了一种用于体外诊断的新型冠状病毒核衣壳蛋白抗体或抗原结合片段。所提供的抗体包括重链可变区和轻链可变区，重链可变区包括SEQ ID NO:11、12和13所示的CDR序列，轻链可变区包括SEQ ID NO:14、15和16所示的CDR序列。所提供的抗体用于新型冠状病毒的体外检测，具有极高的灵敏度和特异性。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN350478513">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>用于体外诊断的新型冠状病毒核衣壳蛋白抗体</strong> - 本发明提供了一种用于体外诊断的新型冠状病毒核衣壳蛋白抗体或抗原结合片段。所提供的抗体包括重链可变区和轻链可变区，重链可变区包括SEQ ID NO:1、2和3所示的CDR序列，轻链可变区包括SEQ ID NO:4、5和6所示的CDR序列。所提供的抗体用于新型冠状病毒的体外检测，具有极高的灵敏度和特异性。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN350478557">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How Vladimir Putin Miscalculated the Economic Cost of Invading Ukraine</strong> - The Russian leader apparently failed to anticipate the unprecedented targeting of the Central Bank of Russia, a step that has battered the ruble and shaken the country’s financial system. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/how-vladimir-putin-miscalculated-the-economic-cost-of-invading-%20ukraine">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Latest U.N. Climate Report Paints Another Grim Picture</strong> - The Secretary-General cites a “criminal” abdication of leadership. Meanwhile, the U.S. Supreme Court is hearing a case that may hamper emissions regulations. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-latest-un-climate-report-paints-another-grim-picture">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Ambassador Caught Between Ukraine and Trump</strong> - In her first major interview since testifying against Trump, Marie Yovanovitch, the former U.S. Ambassador to Ukraine, discusses Russia’s war on Ukraine and Trump’s attack on her. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/the-ambassador-caught-between-ukraine-and-trump">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>“We Are Going to Be O.K.”: The World According to Biden</strong> - One State of the Union to address many crises. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-bidens-washington/we-are-going-to-be-ok-the-world-according-to-%20biden">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How Putin Wants Russians to See the War in Ukraine</strong> - Even if his hold on power is precarious, he can still convince Russians that the whole world is conspiring against them. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/how-putin-wants-russians-to-see-the-war-in-ukraine">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>The astounding refugee crisis on the European Union’s doorstep</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-
cdn.com/thumbor/zMLT0ueXr4hbLPdXbSPO7epniPE=/302x0:5050x3561/1310x983/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/70568780/1238850642.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
A woman hugs a girl as refugees from Ukraine wait for a transport at the Moldova-Ukrainian border’s checkpoint near the town of Palanca on March 1.  | Nikolay Doychinov/AFP via Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The arrival of hundreds of thousands of Ukrainian refugees is straining humanitarian resources.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CFsGr1">
More than <a href="https://twitter.com/FilippoGrandi/status/1498675113415352321?s=20&amp;t=pI-PT1s0-lrA8V1hhveycQ">677,000 Ukrainians</a> have already fled Russia’s war on their country as of Tuesday, and that number is rising hourly.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CcWNCE">
“I have rarely seen such an incredibly fast-rising exodus of people — the largest within Europe since the Balkan wars,” United Nations commissioner for refugees Filippo Grandi said during a <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yAn-2SKur8">United Nations security council meeting</a> on Monday.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="q99GFG">
European governments and humanitarian organizations have been planning for their arrival for weeks, but the number of refugees has surpassed those expectations. The UN has projected that 4 million Ukrainian refugees could arrive in neighboring countries just in the coming weeks.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="u6GTmG">
Such a heavy influx would be a “huge burden for receiving states and would no doubt stress reception systems and related resources,” Grandi said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AXPjvZ">
So far, at least <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yAn-2SKur8">280,000 Ukrainians </a>have gone to Poland, 94,000 to Hungary, 40,000 to Moldova, 34,000 to Romania, 30,000 to Slovakia, and tens of thousands to other European countries. A “sizeable number” have also gone to Russia, according to Grandi. Most of the refugees are women and children, including a growing number of unaccompanied children. Ukraine has conscripted men between the ages of 18 and 60 to fight, prohibiting them from leaving.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-
cdn.com/thumbor/OeTWEaP5Rd032mUdkADJ1eRT08Y=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23281237/GettyImages_1238830018.jpg"/> <cite>Attila Kisbenedek/AFP via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Ukrainian refugees cross the border by foot in Barabas, Hungary, on February 28.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mzRtez">
The refugees are arriving by crammed-full trains, by car, and even on foot after walking for dozens of miles, waiting in long lines at the borders to reach safety, and bringing whatever they could fit in their suitcases if they had time to pack. Those who can afford it have found their own accommodations, but others are staying in government-run shelters, hotels paid for by private companies, churches, or with their families or ordinary citizens who have offered to take them in.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RxLatm">
Right now, with help from the international community, Ukraine’s neighbors are managing to handle the refugees they’re receiving. But in order for them to continue to do so successfully, they’ll need a lot more supplies and money, and quickly.
</p>
<h3 id="QLyNuX">
There are still long lines at the borders
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CDUlqS">
Neighboring countries have kept their borders open, unlike in other migrant crises in the recent past. But actually crossing the border is still an arduous process.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mmEhQu">
Though Poland is accepting refugees without a passport, there have been mileslong lines at border crossings where people have had to wait as long as <a href="https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing/2022/3/621deda74/unhcr-mobilizing-aid-forcibly-
displaced-ukraine-neighbouring-countries.html">60 hours</a> to be processed in freezing temperatures and have been <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/02/27/ukraine-russia-refugees-poland/">sleeping in their cars,</a> if at all. The traffic has gotten so bad that the Polish government has asked volunteers <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/ukrainians-face-long-wait-borders-officials-seek-ease-bottlenecks-2022-02-28/">not to show up at the border</a> unless they’ve made arrangements to meet refugees ahead of time.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CdHl7a">
There is also a 20-hour queue in Romania, and it’s taking 24 hours to drive the roughly 60 kilometers that separate Odesa from Ukraine’s border with Moldova, <a href="https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing/2022/3/621deda74/unhcr-mobilizing-aid-
forcibly-displaced-ukraine-neighbouring-countries.html">according to the UN</a>.
</p>
<div id="VGuRxW">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
Our <a href="https://twitter.com/RefugeesCE?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw"><span class="citation" data-cites="RefugeesCE">@RefugeesCE</span></a> representative is in Moldova, at the border with Ukraine.<br/><br/>“The situation is absolutely heartbreaking.” Watch ⬇️ <a href="https://t.co/IDvgVFMqoP">pic.twitter.com/IDvgVFMqoP</a>
</p>
— UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency (<span class="citation" data-cites="Refugees">@Refugees</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/Refugees/status/1497301182200619010?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 25, 2022</a>
</blockquote></div></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3MB6Nv">
There have been <a href="https://twitter.com/BijanCNN/status/1498692799939624962?s=20&amp;t=kwo9qtuPXDJDKptpOGePMw">reports </a>of Black refugees, many of them third-country nationals who were students in Ukraine, facing difficulty crossing. At the Polish border, some Ukrainian guards sent Black people to the <a href="https://twitter.com/stephhegarty/status/1497603013799784449?s=20&amp;t=cJDz08RDj9Y_s7LEgJRsgA">back of the line</a> last week, saying that “Ukrainians” took priority. Polish authorities have said that anyone who shows up at the border is being allowed to cross.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mUsMnT">
“We strongly condemn this racism and believe that it is damaging to the spirit of solidarity that is so urgently needed today,” Kenyan ambassador to the UN Martin Kimani said Monday at the security council meeting.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WsTRP5">
Ensuring that refugees in line have <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2022/02/28/u-s-officials-russian-escalation-in-ukraine-could-lead-to-humanitarian-
crisis-00012548">adequate access</a> to food, water, and medical support is also a problem. One Nepalese man who had been studying in Ukraine said he had not eaten anything for three days while waiting to enter Poland, and another elderly woman died at one of the border checkpoints, according to the <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/02/27/ukraine-russia-refugees-poland/">Washington Post</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uHIrDU">
NGOs have tried to help. Chef Jose Andres’s <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/chef-jose-andres-
ground-feeding-refugees-ukraine-poland-border-rcna18011">World Central Kitchen</a>, for instance, handed out 4,000 meals over the course of 18 hours at Medyka, currently Poland’s busiest border crossing. The Polish authorities have also tried to streamline processing, but the resources and personnel at their borders just aren’t equipped to deal with the current volume of arrivals.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-
cdn.com/thumbor/TwjADXE0JCkaRW-pgY3mf7X1nG4=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23281243/GettyImages_1238838364.jpg"/> <cite>Wojtek Radwanski/AFP via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Ukrainian refugees wait in line to enter Poland at the border crossing in Medyka on February 28.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h3 id="fsxEq5">
European countries are ensuring that Ukrainians have a place to go
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kQHwuK">
The European community has mobilized to ensure that Ukrainians have a place to stay in both the short and long term. Local governments created temporary shelters, and civilians are welcoming refugees into their homes. The EU also <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-plans-grant-ukrainians-right-stay-
up-3-years-2022-02-28/">asked</a> all 27 member nations to grant asylum to all Ukrainians for up to three years, which would give them access to social services and permission to work. EU commissioner for home affairs Ylva Johansson said Sunday that an “<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/27/world/europe/european-union-ukrainian-refugees-
asylum.html">overwhelming majority</a>” were in favor of doing so, but did not specify which countries opposed the measure.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="S0Gsvr">
In Poland, where at least 40 percent of Ukrainian refugees have gone so far, new arrivals are being <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/ukrainians-face-long-wait-borders-officials-seek-ease-
bottlenecks-2022-02-28/">transported via tour buses</a> to <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/24/poland-to-
set-up-reception-centres-for-fleeing-ukrainian-refugees">one of nine reception centers</a>, where they are being <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/24/poland-to-set-up-reception-centres-for-fleeing-ukrainian-
refugees">provided</a> meals, medical care, beds, and information and legal services. In the town of Korczowa, for instance, a <a href="https://www.ctvnews.ca/world/displaced-by-war-tens-of-thousands-of-ukrainians-take-shelter-in-
poland-1.5798584">makeshift shelter with folding cots</a> has been set up inside a <a href="https://twitter.com/BBCKasiaMadera/status/1498578045652942850?s=20&amp;t=AIBpVTh91KW9GOE7i2Mzrw">warehouse</a>. There, they can also meet up with family; Poland was already home to about <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/un-refugee-agency-nearly-120000-ukrainians-have-
fled/2022/02/26/4992765a-96f6-11ec-bb31-74fc06c0a3a5_story.html">2 million Ukrainians</a> before Russia’s most recent incursion.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="j8FYgv">
Polish civilians have also clamored to support refugees. Locals in the Polish capital of Warsaw have advertised <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/ukrainians-face-long-wait-borders-officials-seek-ease-
bottlenecks-2022-02-28/">roughly 2,500 apartments</a> where refugees can stay. They have also flocked to reception centers offering to transport or host refugees and bringing <a href="https://www.unhcr.org/news/stories/2022/3/621dd8214/people-across-poland-show-solidarity-refugees-
ukraine.html">donations</a> of food, water, clothes, sleeping bags, shoes, blankets, diapers, toys, sanitary products, battery packs, and cellphone charging cables.
</p>
<div id="oGDQab">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
After arriving at the border, some refugees are budded here where strangers are standing with dings offering work, rides and housing all over Europe. <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Ukraine?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Ukraine</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Poland?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Poland</a> <a href="https://t.co/1JoM90oHVb">pic.twitter.com/1JoM90oHVb</a>
</p>
— Ruffini (<span class="citation" data-cites="EenaRuffini">@EenaRuffini</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/EenaRuffini/status/1498654850686488579?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 1, 2022</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KUqg9m">
Private companies have funded accommodations for Ukrainians, too. Airbnb, for instance, has offered free short-term housing for up to <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/02/28/tech/airbnb-ukraine-
refugees/index.html">100,000 Ukrainian refugees</a> and is working with countries in the region to arrange long-term stays. There is also an <a href="https://staythenight.net/hospitality-for-ukraine/">online directory</a> of hotels and hostels that have openings for refugees.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jRR5tY">
The government, citizens, and private companies will have to continue to ramp up capacity to prepare for even more arrivals, but other EU states have promised to share responsibility by also taking in refugees.
</p>
<h3 id="jbnAcg">
The Ukrainian refugee population needs more humanitarian support in the coming weeks
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ikYuTW">
The needs of the Ukrainian refugee population in Europe will likely only balloon in the coming weeks, and meeting those needs will require money.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/DjGXRQday84r6hdhewWWm5Y0mj0=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23281250/GettyImages_1373892070.jpg"/> <cite>Omar Marques/Getty Images</cite></p>
<figcaption>
A Ukrainian family has a meal on a train relocating refugees on February 28 in Przemysl, Poland.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9d20Js">
The UN, which has set up a <a href="https://twitter.com/JoyceMsuya/status/1498614023931191296?s=20&amp;t=z4tvWZklkHr9txv7-HS-aw">Ukraine Humanitarian Fund</a>, has requested a <a href="https://www.unhcr.org/en-us/news/press/2022/3/621e0aa74/un-seeks-us17-billion-
humanitarian-needs-soar-ukraine-neighbouring-countries.html">preliminary $550.6 million</a> from member states in addition to the <a href="https://www.vox.com/22948699/ukraine-refugee-crisis-us-eu-russia-war">$190 million</a> it had already sought to help support reception efforts in neighboring countries. Humanitarian groups are still assessing the most pressing gaps in assistance, but that money would go toward shelter, emergency relief items, cash assistance, as well as mental health and psychosocial support for refugees.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="n1zIUK">
For its part, the US has recently approved $54 million in humanitarian aid for Ukraine, and Congress is considering issuing <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2022/02/28/u-s-officials-russian-escalation-in-ukraine-could-lead-to-humanitarian-
crisis-00012548">another $2.9 billion</a>. Every day that lawmakers deliberate, however, delays the delivery of aid.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hpzjoi">
The European Commission has also said that its commitment of <a href="https://reliefweb.int/report/ukraine/ukraine-eu-coordinating-emergency-assistance-and-steps-humanitarian-aid">90 million euros </a>in aid on February 28 is just the beginning.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="lAfM7z">
“So far, [the needs of Ukrainian refugees] have been met, though I am seriously concerned about the likely further escalation in the number of arrivals,” Grandi said Monday.
</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Why the worst of the pandemic might be over — for some</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-
cdn.com/thumbor/Mx6axOhzy9BV5fRoUd62eCjSV88=/534x0:4810x3207/1310x983/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/70568742/GettyImages_1238836785.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Masked and unmasked commuters wait to cross the street at South Station in Boston, Massachusetts, during the morning rush on February 24. Boston public health officials were weighing lifting the city’s mask mandate on Tuesday, March 1. | Craig F. Walker/The Boston Globe via Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Eight experts on what the future holds for the US.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="PwSh03">
Covid-19 case counts <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/covid-cases.html">are falling</a> in the United States and many parts of the country are starting to relax.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9mkOtX">
Cities like Washington, DC, and New York <a href="https://coronavirus.dc.gov/vaxdc">are</a> <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/new-york-city-lifts-vaccine-mandate-businesses-events-rcna17415">lifting</a> vaccine mandates for many public indoor spaces. National public health officials are easing up, too. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention now advises that <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/community-
levels.html?ACSTrackingID=USCDC_2145-DM76655&amp;ACSTrackingLabel=02.25.2022%20-%20COVID-19%20Data%20Tracker%20Weekly%20Review&amp;deliveryName=USCDC_2145-DM76655">communities</a> with low levels of transmission can forgo universal masking.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sFPq3M">
As spring draws near, is it finally time to feel hopeful? Is it possible the worst of the pandemic is behind us?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hDeekA">
The US public seems to think so. A March 1 poll from the <a href="https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/poll-finding/kff-covid-19-vaccine-
monitor-february-2022/">Kaiser Family Foundation</a> found that majorities across the political spectrum think the darkest days of Covid-19 are over.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt="Chart showing poll results of
public perceptions about the state of the Covid-19 pandemic. " src="https://cdn.vox-
cdn.com/thumbor/9qrwZLlJMqjNCRJHgSU_wPTly2Q=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23280021/1majority_now_say_that_the_worst_of_the_covid_19_pandemic_is_behind_us_.png"/> <cite><a class="ql-link" href="https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/poll-finding/kff-covid-19-vaccine-
monitor-february-2022/" target="_blank">Kaiser Family Foundation</a></cite>
<figcaption>
More than 60 percent of US residents think that the worst of the Covid-19 pandemic is over.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="328Sg3">
However, we’ve been fooled before. Over the past two years, wishful thinking has proved naïve time and time again. Initial hopes that the vaccines would be a ticket to freedom were dashed by waning immunity and the emergence of more contagious variants. How much further the virus will evolve from here <a href="https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/22586816/next-
coronavirus-variant-delta-covid-19">is impossible to predict</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="z55KHd">
Many of us just don’t know what to think about the future. How will we know when things are really getting better? Is there still the chance that things will get worse?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IG85UW">
In our search for clarity, we turned to eight experts in public health, virology, infectious disease ecology, medical anthropology, and medical history with a simple question: Is the worst of the pandemic over, and if not, how will we know when it is?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6YQATQ">
We heard a lot of measured optimism, but also uncertainty. While the pandemic situation might be easing in the United States and other countries, much of the world still remains unvaccinated and highly vulnerable. And the unpredictability of both viral evolution and human behavior means we need a healthy dose of humility as we move into the future, the experts told us. Brighter days are likely ahead, but the unknowns continue to cloud a clear view of the future.
</p>
<h3 id="7VS27b">
Is the worst behind us? For many in the US: Probably.
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DrljCO">
Overall, most of the experts said, with some reservations, that in the US and much of Europe, the most destructive waves of Covid-19 are in the rearview mirror.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FztJmB">
“I am hopeful that the worst of the pandemic is now behind us,” said Dr. Megan Ranney, an epidemiologist and physician at Brown University’s School of Public Health.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tHpPH7">
Her optimism stems from a variety of factors, chief among them the widespread immunity in the US, whether acquired through vaccination or infection.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dEaNJb">
In addition to immunity, there are new, effective Covid-19 treatments available — like monoclonal antibodies and antiviral drugs — which can help infected people avoid hospitalizations and death. Also, the broader availability of high-quality masks and air filters — and a better understanding of <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2779062">ventilation</a>, <a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0257363">social distancing</a>, and other <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanepe/article/PIIS2666-7762(21)00143-5/fulltext">mitigation</a> <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-85252-z">strategies</a> — puts us in a better position to reduce transmission than we were earlier in the pandemic.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1ekDpL">
And even though immunity wanes over time, “protection against the most severe disease and death will remain for quite a long time,” Dr. A. Marm Kilpatrick, an infectious disease researcher at the University of California Santa Cruz, writes in an email, <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7107e2.htm?s_cid=mm7107e2_w">citing CDC data.</a> So people may continue to get infected with SARS-CoV-2, but the worst outcomes might be largely behind us.
</p>
<h3 id="9L8E89">
But … variants are still a major concern
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cjGpW1">
Everyone we spoke with — even the optimists — said the threat of new variants is still very real. Just as the infectiousness of delta and omicron caught researchers by surprise, new variants may evolve and cause us to reset our expectations for the future.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GYn4bZ">
“I just don’t like to underestimate the virus,” <a href="https://bowiestate.edu/directories/faculty-and-staff-directory/kdebbink.php">Dr. Kari Debbink</a>, a virologist and immunologist at Johns Hopkins, said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qsnFY7">
There’s been some hopeful speculation that perhaps, in the future, the virus <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Health/debunking-idea-viruses-evolve-
virulent/story?id=82052581">will evolve to become less deadly.</a> However, that’s not a rule: “It is not an iron law of virology that newer variants are necessarily weaker or less virulent than a prior variant,” said Dr. Nirav Shah, Maine’s chief epidemiologist and president of the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. “It can absolutely go the opposite direction.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nFAztf">
Variants are more likely to emerge in parts of the world where vaccination rates are lowest; the more infections that occur, the more chances the virus has to replicate and change. That’s why it’s so important to vaccinate as many people as possible against the virus.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-
cdn.com/thumbor/KGSXfCQnsOxfC0oeQjAzTnGThCQ=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23281062/AP22045274294400.jpg"/> <cite>Channi Anand/AP</cite></figure></li>
</ul>
<figcaption>
Students wait to receive the Covid-19 vaccine at a government school in Jammu, India, on February 14.
</figcaption>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Oi1ibd">
But momentum might be stalling. Shah said that while raising vaccination rates in India and sub-Saharan Africa would reduce the risk that a new variant of concern would emerge, the <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(21)00563-5/fulltext">appetite for vaccines</a> in <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34928187/">these regions</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34983692/">varies</a>. There are also <a href="https://www.vox.com/22759707/covid-19-vaccine-gap-covax-rich-poor-countries-boosters">supply chain hurdles</a> and personnel shortages hampering the effort to reach the most remote and most vulnerable people.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="q4MsXo">
The best we can do to prepare for new variants is to be on the lookout for them.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MVOBOx">
The most concrete way to identify variants of concern is through genomic surveillance, regularly scanning virus samples from infected people for mutations. But the US still has a patchwork system for finding variants, according to <a href="https://gufaculty360.georgetown.edu/s/contact/00336000014RcOsAAK/shweta-bansal">Dr. Shweta Bansal</a>, an infectious disease ecologist at Georgetown University. As a consequence, new variants arising in the US may not be found right away.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jPiKgJ">
However, other trends can signal that a concerning new variant is taking hold. If scores of previously vaccinated or infected people start to get sick, it could suggest a variant has developed that can evade the immune response. Scientists will be closely monitoring changes in case numbers, hospitalizations, or excess deaths in the US or in other countries.
</p>
<h3 id="knau1Z">
Human behavior is an important wild card
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JnBnYq">
Public responses to policy are another important determinant in the future of the pandemic. We’ve “learned a ton in terms of behavior, and how people tend to kind of react to policies of controlling viruses,” said Bansal.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oFhx8W">
But it’s unclear that the institutions responsible for crafting policy and messaging are equipped to overcome social divisions that have hampered widespread preventive efforts. “We’re obviously not having a great discussion about civic values and responsibility, and I thought we would by this point,” said <a href="https://cobeylab.uchicago.edu/people/sarah-cobey/">Dr. Sarah Cobey</a>, a University of Chicago infectious disease researcher and modeler.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mUGZOy">
On the other hand, the Covid-19 pandemic created dozens of natural social science experiments as states and cities deployed different tactics. That’s given researchers real-world feedback on what kinds of messages and policies motivate people to use preventive measures like social distancing and mask-wearing, pointing the way toward more effective public health strategies.
</p>
<h3 id="IEHmJ0">
We’re not really taking advantage of transmission lulls to improve preparedness
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Fv0Ysk">
With transmission now receding throughout the US, policymakers are now taking off-ramps from intense preventive measures, loosening mask requirements, vaccination mandates, and restrictions on gatherings. “But we’ve seen that movie before,” said Bansal, and “the virus has a way of roaring back.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XGo67n">
“We really should be taking advantage of this hiatus” to build up our preparedness capacity, she said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="24JY0R">
Others agreed that the best way to avoid another disastrous transmission surge is to get ready for it — but they’re not convinced we’re doing that effectively: “I’m fearful that the country wants to be done with Covid-19 — and thus, many of the things that we need to do to prepare for the next wave are not being done,” said Shah. He would like to see broader use of wastewater testing as an early warning system, and assurance that our rapid test and PPE supply chains are robust and responsive to transmission surges.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jZB20Q">
Ranney agreed that improving preparedness was critical to ensuring the worst is behind us, and that ensuring good systems for early outbreak detection are key. Improving global and local vaccination rates, developing and scaling up access to Covid-19 treatments, and getting community buy-in around preventive measures are also important, she said.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-
cdn.com/thumbor/gMYXchiu1DZs0SDiBtHhJxqOBFY=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23281090/GettyImages_1238594286.jpg"/> <cite>Allen J. Schaben / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
California Governor Gavin Newsom speaks at a press conference unveiling the next phase of California’s pandemic response in Fontana, California, on February 17.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h3 id="gRQfMQ">
We always have to ask: The worst may be over, but for whom?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="L0m3N8">
When we asked experts “is the worst over?” some responded with a question of their own: “For whom?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NEvZI9">
Even as the peak of the pandemic crisis fades into the rearview mirror for some, others — generally those already marginalized by poor access to healthcare and other vulnerabilities — will still be living with its worst effects.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KcVuak">
“The pandemic being mostly over for me might not mean that it’s over for somebody else,” said Debbink. She worries that declaring the worst is over “kind of allows people to disregard those who are still at great risk.” That includes immunocompromised people and those living in parts of the world with limited vaccine access. “There are millions and millions of people that don’t even have access to a vaccine yet,” she said — and the worst might still be to come for them.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Q1obdT">
Plus, she said, we don’t really know the long-term toll that <a href="https://www.vox.com/22906853/omicron-
long-covid-vaccinated-symptoms-cause">long Covid</a> symptoms will continue to take on people. “With each person that gets infected, you still have this huge group of people that may suffer long-term impacts,” she said. For them, the worst might not be over, but just beginning. “At this point, we have no idea if long Covid symptoms are going to be permanent.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="aphh6G">
The global view is particularly sobering. The US has high levels of infections and vaccinations, but “are probably yet to see their most damaging waves, or would require ongoing harsh restrictions” to delay surges of transmission, <a href="https://kucharski.io/">Dr. Adam Kucharski</a>, an infectious disease epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine, wrote in an email.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2TLGcN">
The SARS- CoV-2 virus will likely cause human disease well into the future, and in that sense, it may yet do more damage than it has already done. But because those effects will be distributed over a longer period of time, we may not perceive them to be as severe as the waves of hospitalization and death we have experienced over the past two years. “I think we’re going to be living with it for a very, very long time — so in that sense, the worst isn’t behind us,” Cobey said.
</p>
<h3 id="EhX6TT">
We may never get a definite answer for when this is all over
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eq7qxH">
The worst of the pandemic is probably behind us in the US. But the virus is still infecting, hospitalizing, and killing people. How much longer that will continue has to do with variables that are hard to predict right now: the duration of immunity over the course of years, and risks even further afield, like the chances of a new variant <a href="https://www.vox.com/science-
and-health/22904422/covid-pandemic-deer-animals-spillover-spillback">emerging from wildlife like deer</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7KfNrn">
Because sanguine pandemic predictions have so often been proved terribly wrong, few of our experts were willing to forecast sunny skies without qualification. “Historically, though, we know that all pandemics eventually end, and this one will as well,” said <a href="http://chm.med.umich.edu/about/j-alexander-navarro-phd/">Dr. J. Alexander Navarro</a>, assistant director of the Center for the History of Medicine at the University of Michigan. “That day is likely sooner rather than later, but we will have to see what the future has in store for us.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Fa2Nac">
And we may not even recognize the end of the pandemic as we pass it. Instead, it may require some historical distance before we can look back and find a point that may have been an exit. “There will not be a particular day or week or month when we wake up and say ‘I’m sure glad that’s over,’” said <a href="https://www.publichealth.columbia.edu/people/our-
faculty/mm35">Dr. Maureen Miller</a>, a medical anthropologist at Columbia University. “Even the pandemic end date, like everything else Covid-19, will likely be the subject of heated debate.”
</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>A primetime Russia rebuke</strong> -
<figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/leki1NoY_zAPU-
NbRqnz9b0bz1M=/395x0:6714x4739/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/70568264/AP22061091543682.0.jpg"/></p>
<figcaption>
President Joe Biden, flanked by Vice President Kamala Harris and Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, delivers his State of the Union address to a joint session of Congress at the Capitol on Tuesday, March 1. | Saul Loeb/Pool/AP
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Biden also tried to spur a reset on his domestic agenda.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GbgE4T">
President Joe Biden delivered his State of the Union address to Congress on Tuesday, at a particularly tense moment for his administration: While he’s still struggling to address the <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/12/19/22844969/manchin-build-back-better-setback-biden-social-spending-bill">domestic issues</a> plaguing his tenure, the world has been upended by <a href="https://www.vox.com/2022/2/23/22948534/russia-
ukraine-war-putin-explosions-invasion-explained">Russia’s war on Ukraine</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sp3lV0">
“Six days ago, <a href="https://www.vox.com/2022/2/23/22948534/russia-ukraine-war-putin-explosions-invasion-explained">Russia’s Vladimir Putin</a> sought to shake the foundations of the free world, thinking he could make it bend to his menacing ways. But he badly miscalculated,” Biden said, stressing the United States’ support of democracy around the globe.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gFHl1F">
His speech aimed to counter domestic anxieties as well, <a href="https://www.vox.com/2022/2/20/22943257/inflation-corporations-price-hikes-consumer-price-index">particularly on inflation</a>, as he’s grappled with sinking approval ratings tied to enduring concerns about the <a href="https://www.vox.com/2022/2/11/22904377/democrat-governors-pandemic-mask-mandates">pandemic</a> and <a href="https://www.vox.com/2022/2/21/22936218/inflation-biden-midterms-democrats">economic uncertainty</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HZ4Yb8">
A host of Vox reporters followed the roughly 70-minute address. Here are four things that stood out from it.
</p>
<h3 id="3RnRU4">
<ol type="1">
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Biden declared a new global unity in a primetime Russia rebuke
</li></ol></h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YDAygh">
<a href="https://www.vox.com/2022/2/23/22948534/russia-ukraine-war-putin-explosions-invasion-explained">Framing the war in Ukraine</a> as a battle between freedom and tyranny, Biden emphasized foreign policy more than any State of the Union since the George W. Bush administration, and cited Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky’s recent remark that “Light will win over darkness.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iE002r">
“Let each of us here tonight in this chamber send an unmistakable signal to Ukraine and to the world,” said Biden to cheers from Cabinet members and legislators of both parties in attendance.
</p></li>
<figure class="e-image">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-
cdn.com/thumbor/UmprkiXe6TN605TwkB_RFVxr3Z4=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23281723/AP22061081925222.jpg"/> <cite>J. Scott Applewhite/AP</cite></p>
</figure></ul>
<figcaption>
Ukrainian Ambassador to the United States Oksana Markarova acknowledges President Joe Biden as first lady Jill Biden applauds during Biden’s first State of the Union address to a joint session of Congress on March 1.
</figcaption>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nw5y99">
Biden campaigned on rebuilding relationships with allies after former President Donald Trump openly mocked global alliances and even threatened to pull out of NATO. On Tuesday, Biden emphasized the united global response to Putin’s hostility. “We see the unity among leaders of nations and a more unified Europe, a more unified West,” he said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qssZN1">
Explaining the coordinated international response from NATO, the EU, Asian partners, and beyond — “even Switzerland” — Biden said the US is “inflicting pain on Russia and supporting the people of Ukraine,” including levying intense economic sanctions, choking Russia off from international banking, targeting the country’s central bank, and limiting its access to technology.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MT4xtm">
“To all Americans, I will be honest with you, as I’ve always promised. A Russian dictator, invading a foreign country, has cost around the world,” Biden said. “He has no idea what’s coming.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RKbTKd">
At times, Biden’s description of the unfolding war against Ukraine echoed the language of the Cold War. “Six days ago, Russia’s Vladimir Putin sought to shake the foundations of the free world,” said Biden. “We countered Russia’s lies with truth. And now that he has acted, the free world is holding him accountable.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3evULe">
There were a few new policies announced: American airspace will now be closed to Russian flights, and a new Justice Department task force will go after “Russian oligarchs and corrupt leaders who have bilked billions of dollars off this violent regime.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xwGqJz">
This is not the State of the Union that Biden likely imagined he would give a year ago when he took office. Russia merited just four paragraphs at his <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/02/04/remarks-by-president-
biden-on-americas-place-in-the-world/">wide-ranging address</a> on global affairs that he delivered upon taking office. “We will not hesitate to raise the cost on Russia and defend our vital interests and our people,” he said a year ago.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="v7qOmA">
China is closely watching the US reaction to Russia, and Biden’s message for the Chinese premier was short and largely economic — that we can still make things in America. <em>—Jonathan Guyer</em>
</p>
<h3 id="5JzMRc">
<ol start="2" type="1">
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">He made a familiar-sounding — but unconvincing — pitch to fight inflation
</li></ol></h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ohtCY8">
With inflation at a four- decade high and hurting Americans’ spending power — as well as Democrats’ poll numbers — Biden used the State of the Union to put forward his plan to stop it.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FgYqZv">
That plan sounded rather … familiar.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CXHPKj">
“I call it building a better America,” Biden said. And indeed, much of what he then laid out had been featured in his stalled Build Back Better agenda — though he did not utter that exact phrase. Sen. Joe Manchin (D-WV), who is blocking the bill, also happens to dislike the name Build Back Better. Biden attempted to rebrand this plan as one that would fight inflation and reduce the deficit, both major concerns of Manchin.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<pre><code> &lt;img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-</code></pre>
cdn.com/thumbor/fVmrLRVbE43F_gLGpNEKB_Vs9tY=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox- cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23281861/GettyImages_1238863378.jpg" /&gt; <cite>Sarahbeth Maney/Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Sen. Joe Manchin stands and applauds during President Joe Biden’s State of the Union address to Congress on March 1.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TWDcVe">
Some Build Back Better policies got more airtime than others, and three got detailed shoutouts. The focus was on cost-cutting: Biden said he wanted to cut the cost of prescription drugs, cut energy costs by combating climate change, and cut child care costs. A few other Build Back Better policies were briefly name-checked, but those three may be the heart of what Biden still thinks he can pass. Others that are reportedly being dropped from the bill, like paid leave and the expanded child tax credit, got only a passing mention.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ouYHwA">
Biden’s attempt to claim these BBB policies would fight inflation was unconvincing. These are long-term priorities that Democrats think would be good ideas, but they aren’t responsive to the current inflationary situation.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jqJA6J">
In fact, that’s been a major issue with Build Back Better all along: <a href="https://www.vox.com/22711083/biden-reconciliation-build-back-better-polls-infrastructure">The bill is far more focused</a> on achieving long-term Democratic social policy goals than it is on addressing the economy’s current problems. If Biden hoped to pivot and convince Americans he was taking inflation seriously, it’s not clear this will do the job. <em>—Andrew Prokop and Li Zhou</em>
</p>
<h3 id="gMf4RQ">
<ol start="3" type="1">
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">He laid out the path forward on Covid-19 to a newly unmasked Congress
</li></ol></h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VbXYaB">
Biden’s message on Covid-19 aimed to thread a needle: that the worst of the Covid-19 pandemic is over, and the government still wants to help America fight the virus.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HSNQId">
But with almost <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/02/27/politics/capitol-hill-mask-mandate/index.html">no one in the House chamber wearing masks</a>, it was evident that many in Congress are ready to move on.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ucBLuA">
“I know you’re tired, frustrated, and exhausted,” Biden said. “Tonight I can say we are moving forward safely, back to more normal routines.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AAnAPi">
However, Covid-19 has not gone away. While the peak in omicron variant cases has passed, Americans are still getting sick and dying, with the <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/covid-
cases.html">daily average of new cases at 65,000</a> and an average of 1,800 Americans still dying each day as of February 28. Infections and deaths are poised to drop further, but how fast depends on the spread of the disease, as well as any mutations to the virus itself.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MydxIJ">
To contend with the current phase of the pandemic and future threats, Biden laid out a four-part strategy that includes using more Covid-19 tools like vaccines and a new “test to treat” program; preparing for Covid-19 variants; reopening schools and businesses for in-person attendance; and expanding US vaccine distribution around the world.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="UUY0Jn">
These things cost money, however, and will require Congress to grant the funds to pursue them. A divided legislature in an election year does not bode well for getting this done any faster. <em>—Umair Irfan</em>
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/TULlj5hAR6zsGEkJTWcoWYYT0AI=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-
cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/23281839/AP22061087394549.jpg"/> <cite>Shawn Thew/AP</cite>
<figcaption>
President Joe Biden delivers his first State of the Union address to a joint session of Congress at the Capitol on March 1.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h3 id="nVKAsB">
<ol start="4" type="1">
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Biden hasn’t fulfilled — and isn’t even pledging to fulfill — his promises to Black communities
</li></ol></h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="B93kTt">
A handful of issues that Biden prioritized earlier in his tenure got short shrift in his marquee annual address, a fact sure to grate on their proponents. But the lack of messaging to Black voters was particularly notable.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dRdfO4">
At a moment when many Black Americans have lamented Biden’s silence and lack of action on key equity issues, the president barely acknowledged the issues most important to them.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="x57kSb">
And though Biden <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/8/19/21372408/joe-biden-racial-
justice-policy">once emphasized his desire to improve the unique challenges that historically underserved racial groups face</a>, he avoided targeted messaging to those groups. Notably absent from Biden’s speech were the terms “Black,” “African American,” “Asian American,” and “Latino,” despite public pressure to make antiracism a part of his policy platform. Biden’s comments on issues like policing, voting rights, and gun violence did address some demands of racial minorities.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3Nb4xz">
Biden made it clear that his administration has never supported the movement to reallocate police funding to community services. “The answer is not to defund the police. The answer is to fund the police with the resources and training they need to protect our communities,” he said, after bemoaning the recent deaths of two Dominican American NYPD officers.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VGekQV">
Biden pointed to community policing as a solution to restoring trust and safety in communities, in addition to requiring body cameras, banning chokeholds, and restricting no-knock warrants for police officers — all measures that the Justice Department has already taken and that Biden has pushed for in the past. He even mentioned the need to fund strategies like community violence interruption, an alternative to policing that <a href="https://www.vox.com/22622363/police-violence-interrupters-cure-violence-research-
study">has not been proven to work</a>. Evidence also shows that <a href="https://www.npr.org/2020/06/16/877527974/how-
decades-of-bans-on-police-chokeholds-have-fallen-short">banning chokeholds does not reduce police violence</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="n6979D">
Biden’s commentary on neighborhood violence generally favored the police and his failure to mention the <a href="https://www.vox.com/22922329/ahmaud-arbery-hate-crimes-federal-trial-guilty">recent convictions in high- profile</a> <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/12/23/us/kim-potter-trial-thursday/index.html">cases</a> involving the police killings of Black people was stark.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tpXLOH">
The president’s very brief mention of voting rights is likely to agitate advocates who saw the window to pass legislation like the John Lewis Voting Rights Act and Freedom to Vote Act close in January, after months of delay from the Biden administration. Republicans across dozens of states have passed dozens of restrictive voting laws that threaten what Biden called a fundamental right. The same voting rights activists who helped mobilize voters for Biden’s victory believe Biden cannot meet the moment with just words.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ACwLtN">
Chief among Biden’s promises was nominating a Black woman to the Supreme Court, a move he made by naming <a href="https://www.vox.com/2022/2/25/22912842/supreme-court-nominee-ketanji-brown-jackson-biden">Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson</a> on Friday. But on Tuesday night, Biden didn’t frame the nomination as a promise fulfilled to the Black community. The president briefly mentioned the need to “increase our historic support” in historically Black colleges and universities. <em>—Fabiola Cineas</em>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WFrSa7">
</p>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>In-form Karnataka holds all the aces</strong> - Will target an out-right win over Puducherry which is out of the race</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>IPL teams to start training from March 14 or 15, five practice venues identified</strong> - Bandra Kurla Complex, MCA ground in Thane, the Dr DY Patil University ground, the CCI and the Reliance Corporate Park ground in Ghansoli have been identified by the authorities as practice venues</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pakistan, Australia to play for Benaud-Qadir Trophy</strong> - The new trophy would be named to honor two legendary leg-spinners: Richie Benaud of Australia and Pakistan's Abdul Qadir</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Documentary on hockey Olympian Grahnandan Singh explores a Partition-era friendship</strong> - Bani Singh’s documentary ‘Taangh/Longing’ explores the life of her hockey champion father and the camaraderie he shared with his teammates on both sides of the Radcliffe Line</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Advantage India, says Denmark captain</strong> - Rajpal assures an enjoyable experience for fans</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Russia-Ukraine crisis | Centre should realise humanity is more important than politics, can lead peace talks: Mamata Banerjee</strong> - West Bengal CM had earlier had offered unconditional support to PM Modi during the Ukraine crisis and requested him to consider calling an all-party meeting</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Haryana Governor praises ‘unprecedented changes’ by the State government</strong> - They seek to realise the dream of ‘Ram Rajya’, Bandaru Dattatraya said in his address to the Haryana Assembly</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Government must spell out its clear strategy on evacuating Indians from Ukraine: Rahul Gandhi</strong> - The Opposition party also launched a “SpeakUpForStudents” campaign on social media in favour of students to exert pressure on the government to take steps to ensure early safe evacuation of all Indian students from Ukraine</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Maha govt prepares draft for women's empowerment policy</strong> -</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Panneerselvam asks TN govt to provide funds to co-op societies for interest on waived jewel loans</strong> - The AIADMK leader said a government order last November, said the government would bear the interest on waived loans of primary agricultural cooperative societies</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine crisis: Biden threatens to punish Putin over invasion</strong> - The US president calls Russia’s president a “dictator” and vows to punish him over the Ukraine invasion.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine conflict: Russia bombs Kharkiv’s Freedom Square and opera house</strong> - Missiles hit the the cultural heart of the city, targeting an opera house, concert hall and offices.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine conflict: Airbus, ExxonMobil and Boeing take action over Russia ties</strong> - The planemaker joins oil giant ExxonMobil and Boeing as the latest corporate giants to sever links.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine conflict: Disney, Warner, Sony halt release of films in Russia</strong> - The moves come as major corporations cut business links with Russia after its invasion of Ukraine.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ukraine conflict: UK relaxes visa rules for refugees</strong> - The changes were made following criticism that the UK isn’t doing enough for people fleeing the war.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Better sound, better graphics, better physics—the Gran Turismo 7 review</strong> - Sony’s AAA racing game is now ready for the PS5 and PS4. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1836823">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Apple halts all device sales in Russia in response to invasion of Ukraine</strong> - Company stopped shipping hardware to retail channels last week. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1837526">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>43% of Americans—140 million—have had COVID, CDC estimates</strong> - About 37 million infected in omicron wave, and 58% of kids were infected at some point. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1837484">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>DDoSers are using a potent new method to deliver attacks of unthinkable size</strong> - 100,000 misconfigured servers are creating a new way to knock sites offline. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1837471">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Finally, we know production costs for SLS and Orion, and they’re wild</strong> - Someone finally said the quiet part out loud. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1837345">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>A man in Moscow goes up to a newsstand and buys a newspaper…</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
He then glances at the front page, then turns aside and tosses the whole newspaper straight into the trash.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Next day, he turns up, and does the same thing. Buys it, glances at the front page, throws it in the trash.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Next day, same thing. The newsstand worker is increasingly puzzled, but doesn’t say anything.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
But eventually, after a couple of weeks of this, he can’t take it. “I’m sorry, friend, but I must ask: why do you buy the paper every day and then just look at the front page and throw it out?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Oh, I’m just checking for something.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“OK, but: what are you checking for?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“I’m checking for a particular obituary.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“But sir, you don’t even <em>open</em> the newspaper! The obituaries aren’t even <em>on</em> the front page!”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Oh, believe me, the one I’m waiting for will be.”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/minodude"> /u/minodude </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/t4rzxg/a_man_in_moscow_goes_up_to_a_newsstand_and_buys_a/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/t4rzxg/a_man_in_moscow_goes_up_to_a_newsstand_and_buys_a/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>Justin Timberlake announces that he will be joining the war in Ukrain.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Early reports suggest that he will be stationed somewhere along the Crimea River
</p>
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<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/drewfussss"> /u/drewfussss </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/t4o288/justin_timberlake_announces_that_he_will_be/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/t4o288/justin_timberlake_announces_that_he_will_be/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>I told my daughter, “Go to bed, the cows are sleeping in the field.” Puzzled, she asked, “What’s that got to do with anything?” I chuckled, “Well, that means…”</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“It’s pasture bedtime!”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/808gecko808"> /u/808gecko808 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/t4xh9e/i_told_my_daughter_go_to_bed_the_cows_are/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/t4xh9e/i_told_my_daughter_go_to_bed_the_cows_are/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>A man stands in line at an ATM in Moscow.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
After an hour he loses his patience and yells ‘Putin is to blame for this I’m going to the Kremlin and kill him!’
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
30 minutes later he’s back in line at the ATM.<br/> ‘Why are you here again?’ ‘The line in front of the Kremlin is twice as long as this one…’
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/BenderDeLorean"> /u/BenderDeLorean </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/t4g524/a_man_stands_in_line_at_an_atm_in_moscow/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/t4g524/a_man_stands_in_line_at_an_atm_in_moscow/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>A Russian boy asks his dad for 1000 rubles to buy some candy from the store</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
His dad replies “1000 rubles? 1600 rubles is way too much to spend on candy. How much candy can 2300 rubles even buy?”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/_FUCK_THE_GIANTS_"> /u/<em>FUCK_THE_GIANTS</em> </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/t4h75w/a_russian_boy_asks_his_dad_for_1000_rubles_to_buy/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/t4h75w/a_russian_boy_asks_his_dad_for_1000_rubles_to_buy/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
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