++While several clinical and immunological parameters correlate with disease severity and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 infection, work remains in identifying unifying correlates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that can be used to guide clinical practice. Here, we examine saliva and nasopharyngeal (NP) viral load over time and correlate them with patient demographics, and cellular and immune profiling. We found that saliva viral load was significantly higher in those with COVID-19 risk factors; that it correlated with increasing levels of disease severity and showed a superior ability over nasopharyngeal viral load as a predictor of mortality over time (AUC=0.90). A comprehensive analysis of immune factors and cell subsets revealed strong predictors of high and low saliva viral load, which were associated with increased disease severity or better overall outcomes, respectively. Saliva viral load was positively associated with many known COVID-19 inflammatory markers such as IL-6, IL-18, IL-10, and CXCL10, as well as type 1 immune response cytokines. Higher saliva viral loads strongly correlated with the progressive depletion of platelets, lymphocytes, and effector T cell subsets including circulating follicular CD4 T cells (cTfh). Anti-spike (S) and anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG levels were negatively correlated with saliva viral load showing a strong temporal association that could help distinguish severity and mortality in COVID-19. Finally, patients with fatal COVID-19 exhibited higher viral loads, which correlated with the depletion of cTfh cells, and lower production of anti-RBD and anti-S IgG levels. Together these results demonstrated that viral load, as measured by saliva but not nasopharyngeal, is a dynamic unifying correlate of disease presentation, severity, and mortality over time. +
++Cardiovascular (CV) manifestations of COVID-19 infection carry significant morbidity and mortality. Current risk prediction for CV complications in COVID-19 is limited and existing approaches fail to account for the dynamic course of the disease. Here, we develop and validate the COVID-HEART predictor, a novel continuously-updating risk prediction technology to forecast CV complications in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The risk predictor is trained and tested with retrospective registry data from 2178 patients to predict two outcomes: cardiac arrest and imaging-confirmed thromboembolic events. In repeating model validation many times, we show that it predicts cardiac arrest with an average median early warning time of 18 hours (IQR: 13-20 hours) and an AUROC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.91-0.92), and thromboembolic events with a median early warning time of 72 hours (IQR: 12-204 hours) and an AUROC of 0.70 (95% CI: 0.67-0.73). The COVID-HEART predictor is anticipated to provide tangible clinical decision support in triaging patients and optimizing resource utilization, with its clinical utility potentially extending well beyond COVID-19. +
++Background There is accumulating evidence for an overly activated immune response in severe Covid-19, with several studies exploring the therapeutic role of immunomodulation. Through systematic review and meta-analysis, we assess the effectiveness of specific interleukin inhibitors for the treatment of Covid-19. Methods Electronic databases were searched on 7th January 2021 to identify studies of immunomodulatory agents (anakinra, sarilumab, siltuximab and tocilizumab) for the treatment of Covid-19. The primary outcomes were severity on an ordinal scale measured at day 15 from intervention and days to hospital discharge. Key secondary endpoints included overall mortality. Results 71 studies totalling 22,058 patients were included, six were randomised trials. Most explored outcomes in patients who received tocilizumab (59/71). In prospective studies, tocilizumab was associated with improved unadjusted survival (RR 0.83 95%CI 0.72;0.96 I2 = 0.0%), but conclusive benefit was not demonstrated for other outcomes. In retrospective studies, tocilizumab was associated with less severe outcomes on an ordinal scale (Generalised odds ratio 1.34 95%CI 1.10;1.64, I2=98%) and adjusted mortality risk (HR 0.54 95%CI 0.40;0.72, I2 =86.6%). The mean difference in duration of hospitalisation was 0.36 days (95%CI -0.07;0.80, I2=93.8%). There was substantial heterogeneity in retrospective studies, and estimates should be interpreted cautiously. Other immunomodulatory agents showed similar effects to tocilizumab, but insufficient data precluded meta-analysis by agent. Conclusion Tocilizumab was associated with a lower relative risk of mortality in prospective studies, but effects were inconclusive for other outcomes. Current evidence for the efficacy of anakinra, siltuximab or sarilumab in Covid-19 is insufficient, with further studies urgently needed for conclusive findings. +
++In several hospitals worldwide, healthcare workers are currently at the forefront against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli (FPG) IRCCS has been enlisted as a COVID hospital, healthcare workers deployed to COVID wards were separated from those with limited or no exposure, whereas administrative staff was destined to work-from-home. Between June 4 and July 3 2020, an investigation was carried out to evaluate seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies among employees of the FPG using point-of-care (POC) and venous blood tests. Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values were determined with reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on nasal/oropharyngeal swabs as gold standard. Four thousand, seven hundred seventy-seven participants were enrolled. Seroprevalence was 3.66% using the POC test and 1.19% using venous blood test, with a significant difference between the two (p < 0.05). POC sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 63.64% (95% confidence interval (CI): 62.20% to 65.04%) and 96.64% (95% CI: 96.05% to 97.13%), while those of the venous blood test were, respectively, 78.79% (95% CI: 77.58% to 79.94%) and 99.36% (95% CI: 99.07% to 99.55%). Among low-risk population, point-of-care9s predictive values were 58.33% (positive) and 98.23% (negative) whereas venous blood test9s were 92.86% (positive) and 98.53% (negative). In conclusion, point-of-care tests have low diagnostic accuracy, while venous blood tests seem to show an overall poor reliability. +
++A novel coronavirus emerged in December of 2019 (COVID-19), causing a pandemic that continues to inflict unprecedented public health and economic burden in all nooks and corners of the world. Although the control of COVID-19 has largely focused on the use of basic public health measures (primarily based on using non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as quarantine, isolation, social-distancing, face mask usage and community lockdowns), a number of exceptionally-promising vaccines are about to be approved for use in humans by the U.S. Food and Drugs Administration. We present a new mathematical model for assessing the population-level impact of the candidate vaccines, particularly for the case where the vaccination program is complemented with a social-distancing control measure at a certain compliance level. The model stratifies the total population into two subgroups, based on whether or not they habitually wear face mask in public. The resulting multigroup model, which takes the form of a compartmental, deterministic system of nonlinear differential equations, is parametrized using COVID-19 cumulative mortality data. Conditions for the asymptotic stability of the associated disease-free equilibrium, as well as expression for the vaccine-derived herd immunity threshold, are derived. This study shows that the prospect of COVID-19 elimination using any of the three candidate vaccines is quite promising, and that such elimination is more feasible if the vaccination program is combined with social-distancing control measures (implemented at moderate to high level of compliance). +
++Background There is accumulating evidence for an overly activated immune response in severe Covid-19, with several studies exploring the therapeutic role of immunomodulation. Through systematic review and meta-analysis, we assess the effectiveness of specific interleukin inhibitors for the treatment of Covid-19. Methods Electronic databases were searched on 7th January 2021 to identify studies of immunomodulatory agents (anakinra, sarilumab, siltuximab and tocilizumab) for the treatment of Covid-19. The primary outcomes were severity on an ordinal scale measured at day 15 from intervention and days to hospital discharge. Key secondary endpoints included overall mortality. Results 71 studies totalling 22,058 patients were included, six were randomised trials. Most explored outcomes in patients who received tocilizumab (59/71). In prospective studies, tocilizumab was associated with improved unadjusted survival (RR 0.83 95%CI 0.72;0.96 I2 = 0.0%), but conclusive benefit was not demonstrated for other outcomes. In retrospective studies, tocilizumab was associated with less severe outcomes on an ordinal scale (Generalised odds ratio 1.34 95%CI 1.10;1.64, I2=98%) and adjusted mortality risk (HR 0.54 95%CI 0.40;0.72, I2 =86.6%). The mean difference in duration of hospitalisation was 0.36 days (95%CI -0.07;0.80, I2=93.8%). There was substantial heterogeneity in retrospective studies, and estimates should be interpreted cautiously. Other immunomodulatory agents showed similar effects to tocilizumab, but insufficient data precluded meta-analysis by agent. Conclusion Tocilizumab was associated with a lower relative risk of mortality in prospective studies, but effects were inconclusive for other outcomes. Current evidence for the efficacy of anakinra, siltuximab or sarilumab in Covid-19 is insufficient, with further studies urgently needed for conclusive findings. +
+Dendritic Cell Vaccine to Prevent COVID-19 - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Biological: AV-COVID-19
Sponsors: Indonesia-MoH; Aivita Biomedical, Inc.; PT AIVITA Biomedika Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia; RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang, indonesia; Faculty of Medicine University of Diponegoro, Indonesia
Recruiting
A Study to Evaluate MVC-COV1901 Vaccine Against COVID-19 in Adult - Condition: Covid19 Vaccine
Interventions: Biological: MVC-COV1901(S protein with adjuvant); Biological: MVC-COV1901(Saline)
Sponsor: Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corp.
Recruiting
The Safety and Efficacy of Pyronaridine-artesunate (Pyramax® or Artecom®)in COVID-19 Patients - Condition: Covid19
Interventions: Drug: Artecom® (pyronaridine-artesunate); Drug: Placebo
Sponsor: Shin Poong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.
Not yet recruiting
Safety and Immunogenicity of Two Different Strengths of the Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine ERUCOV-VAC - Condition: COVID-19 Vaccine
Interventions: Biological: ERUCOV-VAC; Other: Placebo Vaccine
Sponsors: Health Institutes of Turkey; TC Erciyes University
Recruiting
The Effect of Deep Breathing Exercise on Dyspnea, Anxiety and Quality of Life in Patients Treated for COVID-19 - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Behavioral: Deep Breathing Exercise with Triflo
Sponsor: Ankara University
Not yet recruiting
Study in Adults to Determine the Safety and Immunogenicity of AZD1222, a Non-replicating ChAdOx1 Vector Vaccine, Given in Combination With rAd26-S, Recombinant Adenovirus Type 26 Component of Gam-COVID-Vac Vaccine, for the Prevention of COVID-19. - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Biological: AZD1222; Biological: rAd26-S
Sponsors: R-Pharm; AstraZeneca
Not yet recruiting
Surgical Face Mask Effects in Patients With COVID-19 - Condition: Covid19
Intervention: Other: Sit-To-Stand test
Sponsor: Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc- Université Catholique de Louvain
Not yet recruiting
Glutathione, Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Function in COVID-19 - Condition: Covid19
Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Glycine; Dietary Supplement: N-acetylcysteine; Dietary Supplement: Alanine
Sponsor: Baylor College of Medicine
Recruiting
Efficacy of Favipiravir in Treatment of Mild & Moderate COVID-19 Infection in Nepal - Condition: Covid19
Interventions: Drug: Favipiravir; Drug: Placebo; Drug: Remdesivir
Sponsor: Nepal Health Research Council
Recruiting
Dendritic Cell Vaccine, AV-COVID-19, to Prevent COVID-19 Infection - Condition: COVID-19
Interventions: Biological: AV-COVID-19; Other: GM-CSF
Sponsors: Aivita Biomedical, Inc.; PT AIVITA Biomedika Indonesia; Indonesia Ministry of Health; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia
Recruiting
Study of the Immunological and Virological Response of Patients With COVID-19 and Presenting an Asymptomatic or Pauci-symptomatic Form (AMBUCOV) - Conditions: Covid19; SARS-CoV-2
Interventions: Diagnostic Test: Blood count; Diagnostic Test: Blood collection; Diagnostic Test: Nasopharyngeal swab; Diagnostic Test: Saliva samples; Diagnostic Test: Faeces samples; Genetic: Genetic blood collection; Other: Data collection
Sponsors: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Fonds IMMUNOV
Not yet recruiting
A Real World Study of Bamlanivimab in Participants With Mild-to-moderate Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - Condition: COVID-19
Intervention: Drug: Bamlanivimab
Sponsors: Eli Lilly and Company; AbCellera Biologics Inc.
Not yet recruiting
Effect of Tenofovir/Emtricitabine in Patients Recently Infected With SARS-COV2 (Covid-19) Discharged Home - Condition: Covid19
Intervention: Drug: tenofovir disoproxil and emtricitabine
Sponsor: University Hospital, Caen
Recruiting
RescuE pLAsma eXchange in Severe COVID-19 - Conditions: Therapeutic Plasma Exchange; Covid19
Intervention: Other: Therapeutic plasma exchange
Sponsor: Heidelberg University
Recruiting
Efficacy of Ramdicivir and Baricitinib for the Treatment of Severe COVID 19 Patients - Conditions: Covid19; Covid-19 ARDS
Interventions: Drug: Remdesivir; Drug: Baricitinib; Drug: Tocilizumab
Sponsors: M Abdur Rahim Medical College and Hospital; First affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaoting University
Recruiting
ACE-2-interacting Domain of SARS-CoV-2 (AIDS) Peptide Suppresses Inflammation to Reduce Fever and Protect Lungs and Heart in Mice: Implications for COVID-19 Therapy - COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory illness caused by the virus strain severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and until now, there is no effective therapy against COVID-19. Since SARS-CoV-2 binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for entering into host cells, to target COVID-19 from therapeutic angle, we engineered a hexapeptide corresponding to the ACE2-interacting domain of SARS-CoV-2 (AIDS) that inhibits the association between receptor-binding...
Potentials of Interferons and Hydroxychloroquine for the Prophylaxis and Early Treatment of COVID-19 - The symptoms of the COVID-19 range from asymptomatic or mild disease to severe disease that results in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and eventually death. Understanding the molecular mechanisms responsible for the progression from mild to severe disease is the key to decreasing the mortality of COVID-19. Compared to mild cases, severe cases of the COVID-19 have decreased interferon (IFN) α, β, λ production. Type I (IFN α/β) and III IFNs (λ) work coordinately to induce inhibition of...
Molecular Docking Studies on the Anti-viral Effects of Compounds From Kabasura Kudineer on SARS-CoV-2 3CL(pro) - The COVID-19 has now been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. No approved drug is currently available; therefore, an urgent need has been developed for any antiviral therapy for COVID-19. Main protease 3CL^(pro) of this novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) play a critical role in the disease propagation, and hence represent a crucial target for the drug discovery. Herein, we have applied a bioinformatics approach for drug repurposing to identify the possible potent inhibitors...
Computational Prediction of Potential Inhibitors of the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2 - The rapidly developing pandemic, known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has recently spread across 213 countries and territories. This pandemic is a dire public health threat-particularly for those suffering from hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, or diabetes; without approved treatments, it is likely to persist or recur. To facilitate the rapid discovery of inhibitors with clinical...
Potential of Plant Bioactive Compounds as SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (M(pro)) and Spike (S) Glycoprotein Inhibitors: A Molecular Docking Study - Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 19) pandemic, researchers have been trying to investigate several active compounds found in plants that have the potential to inhibit the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). The present study aimed to evaluate bioactive compounds found in plants using a molecular docking approach to inhibit the main protease (M^(pro)) and spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. The evaluation was performed on the...
In silico evaluation of flavonoids as effective antiviral agents on the spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 - The novel coronavirus pandemic has spread over in 213 countries as of July 2020. Approximately 12 million people have been infected so far according to the reports from World Health Organization (WHO). Preventive measures are being taken globally to avoid the rapid spread of virus. In the current study, an in silico approach is carried out as a means of inhibiting the spike protein of the novel coronavirus by flavonoids from natural sources that possess both antiviral and anti-inflammatory...
Pyrrolo[2,3-b]quinoxalines in attenuating cytokine storm in COVID-19: their sonochemical synthesis and in silico / in vitro assessment - In view of the recent global pandemic caused by COVID-19 intense efforts have been devoted worldwide towards the development of an effective treatment for this disease. Recently, PDE4 inhibitors have been suggested to attenuate the cytokine storm in COVID-19 especially tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In our effort we have explored the 2-substituted pyrrolo[2,3-b]quinoxalines for this purpose because of their potential inhibitory properties of PDE-4 / TNF-α. Moreover, several of these...
Discovery of New Fusion Inhibitor Peptides against SARS-CoV-2 by Targeting the Spike S2 Subunit - A novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), caused a worldwide pandemic. Our aim in this study is to produce new fusion inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2, which can be the basis for developing new antiviral drugs. The fusion core comprising the heptad repeat domains (HR1 and HR2) of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) were used to design the peptides. A total of twelve peptides were generated, comprising a short or truncated 24-mer (peptide #1), a long 36-mer peptide (peptide...
The rocaglate CR-31-B (-) inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication at non-cytotoxic, low nanomolar concentrations in vitro and ex vivo - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of COVID-19, a severe respiratory disease with varying clinical presentations and outcomes, and responsible for a major pandemic that started in early 2020. With no vaccines or effective antiviral treatments available, the quest for novel therapeutic solutions remains an urgent priority. Rocaglates, a class of plant-derived cyclopenta[b]benzofurans, exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multiple RNA...
ORF3a of the COVID-19 virus SARS-CoV-2 blocks HOPS complex-mediated assembly of the SNARE complex required for autolysosome formation - Autophagy acts as a cellular surveillance mechanism to combat invading pathogens. Viruses have evolved various strategies to block autophagy and even subvert it for their replication and release. Here, we demonstrated that ORF3a of the COVID-19 virus SARS-CoV-2 inhibits autophagy activity by blocking fusion of autophagosomes/amphisomes with lysosomes. The late endosome-localized ORF3a directly interacts with and sequestrates the homotypic fusion and protein sorting (HOPS) component VPS39,...
Denovo designing, retro-combinatorial synthesis, and molecular dynamics analysis identify novel antiviral VTRM1.1 against RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SARS CoV2 virus - A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV2 has now spread globally. Replication/transcription machinery of this virus consists of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (nsp12 or RdRp) and its two cofactors nsp7 and nsp8 proteins. Hence, RdRp has emerged as a promising target to control COVID-19. In the present study, we are reporting a novel inhibitor VTRM1.1 against the RdRp protein of SARS CoV2. A series of antivirals were tested for binding to the catalytic residues of the active site...
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS CHALLENGES IN COVID-19 - THERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVES OF HEPARIN AND TISSUE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR AND POTENTIAL TOXICOLOGICAL REACTIONS-A MINI REVIEW - The coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic is a major challenge for the health systems worldwide. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), is one of the most common complications of the COVID-19 infection. The activation of the coagulation system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ARDS. The development of lung coagulopathy involves thrombin generation and fibrinolysis inhibition. Unfractionated heparin and its recently introduced counterpart low molecular weight heparin (LMWH),...
GABAB-Receptor Agonist-Based Immunotherapy for Type 1 Diabetes in NOD Mice - Some immune system cells express type A and/or type B γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABA(A)-Rs and/or GABA(B)-Rs). Treatment with GABA, which activates both GABA(A)-Rs and GABA(B)-Rs), and/or a GABA(A)-R-specific agonist inhibits disease progression in mouse models of type 1 diabetes (T1D), multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and COVID-19. Little is known about the clinical potential of specifically modulating GABA(B)-Rs. Here, we tested lesogaberan, a peripherally restricted GABA(B)-R...
Could cilostazol be beneficial in COVID-19 treatment? Thinking about phosphodiesterase-3 as a therapeutic target - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that has emerged and rapidly spread across the world. The COVID-19 severity is associated to viral pneumonia with additional extrapulmonary complications. Hyperinflammation, dysfunctional immune response and hypercoagulability state are associated to poor prognosis. Therefore, the repositioning of multi-target drugs to control the hyperinflammation represents an important challenge for the...
Computational drug repurposing strategy predicted peptide-based drugs that can potentially inhibit the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with its target (humanACE2) - Drug repurposing for COVID-19 has several potential benefits including shorter development time, reduced costs and regulatory support for faster time to market for treatment that can alleviate the current pandemic. The current study used molecular docking, molecular dynamics and protein-protein interaction simulations to predict drugs from the Drug Bank that can bind to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein interacting surface on the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor. The study...
Covid 19 - Chewing Gum - - link
A traditional Chinese medicine composition for COVID-19 and/or influenza and preparation method thereof - - link
STOCHASTIC MODEL METHOD TO DETERMINE THE PROBABILITY OF TRANSMISSION OF NOVEL COVID-19 - The present invention is directed to a stochastic model method to assess the risk of spreading the disease and determine the probability of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). - link
The use of human serum albumin (HSA) and Cannabigerol (CBG) as active ingredients in a composition for use in the treatment of Coronavirus (Covid-19) and its symptoms - - link
The use of human serum albumin (HSA) and Cannabigerol (CBG) as active ingredients in a composition for use in the treatment of Coronavirus (Covid-19) and its symptoms - - link
抑制病毒受体ACE2的COVID-19防治药物及其应用 - 本发明提供了一种抑制病毒受体ACE2的COVID‑19防治药物及其应用。具体地说，本发明提供了中药鹅不食草在制备调节ACE2表达量的药物中的应用。本发明还提供了中药鹅不食草单独或与其它药物组合在制备COVID‑19防治药物中的应用。本发明发现鹅不食草能够使正常肺上皮细胞中ACE2的表达降低，从而降低新型冠状病毒(SARS‑CoV‑2)感染的风险，发挥预防SARS‑CoV‑2感染及治疗COVID‑19的作用。中药鹅不食草成本低，毒副作用小，疗效显著，为COVID‑19的治疗提供了新策略。 - link
"AYURVEDIC PROPRIETARY MEDICINE FOR TREATMENT OF SEVERWE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS 2 (SARS-COV-2." - AbstractAyurvedic Proprietary Medicine for treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)In one of the aspect of the present invention it is provided that Polyherbal combinations called Coufex (syrup) is prepared as Ayurvedic Proprietary Medicine , Aqueous Extracts Mixing with Sugar Syrup form the following herbal aqueous extract coriandrum sativum was used for the formulation of protek.Further another Polyherbal combination protek as syrup is prepared by the combining an aqueous extract of the medicinal herbs including Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, Aegle marmelos, Zingiber officinale, Ocimum sanctum, Adatoda zeylanica, Piper lingum, Andrographis panivulata, Coriandrum sativum, Tinospora cordiofolia, cuminum cyminum,piper nigrum was used for the formulation of Coufex. - link
제2형 중증급성호흡기증후군 코로나바이러스 감염 질환의 예방 또는 치료용 조성물 - 본 발명은 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물, 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염; 및 글루카곤 수용체 작용제(glucagon receptor agonist), 위 억제 펩타이드(gastric inhibitory peptide, GIP), 글루카곤-유사 펩타이드 1(glucagon-like peptide 1, GLP-1) 및 글루카곤 수용체/위 억제 펩타이드/글루카곤-유사 펩타이드 1(Glucagon/GIP/GLP-1) 삼중 완전 작용제(glucagon receptors, gastric inhibitory peptide and glucagon-like peptide 1 (Glucagon/GIP/GLP-1) triple full agonist)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상;을 포함하는 제2형 중증급성호흡기증후군 코로나바이러스 감염 질환 예방 또는 치료용 약학적 조성물을 제공한다. - link
Haptens, hapten conjugates, compositions thereof and method for their preparation and use - A method for performing a multiplexed diagnostic assay, such as for two or more different targets in a sample, is described. One embodiment comprised contacting the sample with two or more specific binding moieties that bind specifically to two or more different targets. The two or more specific binding moieties are conjugated to different haptens, and at least one of the haptens is an oxazole, a pyrazole, a thiazole, a nitroaryl compound other than dinitrophenyl, a benzofurazan, a triterpene, a urea, a thiourea, a rotenoid, a coumarin, a cyclolignan, a heterobiaryl, an azo aryl, or a benzodiazepine. The sample is contacted with two or more different anti-hapten antibodies that can be detected separately. The two or more different anti-hapten antibodies may be conjugated to different detectable labels. - link
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Mundschutz bestehend aus einem Abdeckteil für den Mund- und gegebenenfalls den Nasenbereich des Gesichts und einem Bandteil mit mindestens einem Halteband, welches mit den Seiten des Abdeckteil verbunden ist und zur Befestigung des Mundschutzes dient, wobei das Halteband am seitlichen Ende des Abdeckteils fixiert ist und eine Schlaufe bildet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Schlaufe des Haltebands ein Clip befestigt ist.
Georgia, Trump’s Insurrectionists, and Lost Causes - In the name of preserving democracy, the G.O.P. and its febrile leader have actually subverted it—and, thanks to Trump’s unhinged behavior, the world now knows it. - link
What Should We Call the Sixth of January? - What began as a protest, rally, and march ended as something altogether different—a day of anarchy that challenges the terminology of history. - link
Trump Must Be Held Accountable - Impunity has been the defining feature of Trump’s Presidency. If he remains unpunished, his antidemocratic, violent movement will persist in mainstream American culture. - link
Trump Can’t Be Allowed to Escape Justice Yet Again - Despite all the outrage sparked by last week’s riot, the President has grounds for believing that he won’t receive any immediate punishment for openly inciting an insurrection. - link
Sunday Reading: Waiting for the Vaccine - From The New Yorker’s archive: stories about the impact of vaccinations and the consequences of anti-vax propaganda. - link
++If the US had Canada’s Covid-19 death rate, 225,000 more Americans would likely be alive today. +
++Despite Covid-19 surges in Europe, the United States of America’s extraordinary death toll remains among the worst in the developed world. +
++As of January 9, 2021, nearly 373,000 people have died of Covid-19 in the US, with a death rate of more than 1.1 per 1,000 people, according to Our World in Data. +
++While there are nations with higher death rates, this still puts the US in the top 20 percent for deaths among the world’s developed countries, with more than twice the death rate of the median developed country. +
++Some numbers to put that in perspective: +
++As a result of Covid-19 surges in Europe, the US does look relatively better, compared to other developed nations, than in September. Back then, the US had seven times the death toll as the median developed country. That gap has shrunk massively — to two times. +
++That’s not because the US has done better but because Europe has done much worse. After managing to largely suppress the coronavirus over the spring and summer of 2020, Europe eased up over the late summer and fall, and saw huge surges as a result. +
++The European surge has engulfed even countries widely heralded as successful for their fights against Covid-19 — such as Germany, which has recently reported a higher daily Covid-19 death toll than the US. +
++But Europe is still doing better when you look at deaths since the pandemic began; it at least managed to suppress cases for a time — something the US hasn’t been able to do. One of the key reasons the US death toll remains so high compared to other developed nations is because America suffered a huge summer surge of Covid-19 that other places, including much of Europe, managed to avoid. +
++And there are some countries that have managed the pandemic well. That includes some European nations like Denmark, Estonia, Cyprus, Finland, Norway, and Iceland. But the biggest success stories are Australia, Japan, South Korea, New Zealand, Singapore, and Taiwan — which have broadly adopted more aggressive government measures against the coronavirus than America. +
++In September, San Marino, Belgium, Spain, the UK, Italy, and Sweden led the US in Covid-19 deaths per million people. But Slovenia and Czechia now also pull ahead of America, while Spain and Sweden have fallen behind. +
+ <img alt="A chart of the Covid-19 death rate among several developed countries." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/jTm0Lv2ZIRjdMMOjXnDw2TCyaEM=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22226009/coronavirus_data_explorer__1_.png" />
+ <cite><a class="ql-link" href="https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus-data-explorer?zoomToSelection=true&time=2019-12-31..latest&country=AUS~CAN~DEU~JPN~USA~EuropeanUnion~GBR~BEL&region=World&deathsMetric=true&interval=total&perCapita=true&smoothing=0&pickerMetric=location&pickerSort=asc" target="_blank">Our World in Data</a></cite>+So why did the US fail so badly? A lot of this comes down to President Donald Trump. He pushed the country to reopen far too early and quickly, calling on states to “LIBERATE” their economies. He abdicated federal leadership and instead forced states, cities, and private entities to pick up the slack on a host of issues, particularly testing and, recently, vaccines. He downplayed the need for masks, outright mocking people, such as President-elect Joe Biden, for wearing them. The list goes on and on. +
++In comparison, other leaders around the world have taken Covid-19 more seriously — embracing social distancing, testing and tracing, masking, and, when necessary, more extreme measures like lockdowns. Even with the recent surge of the coronavirus, many countries across Europe have reacted quickly and aggressively by imposing lockdowns, slowing the spread of the virus. The US, by comparison, has by and large remained open, with some states still not requiring masks. +
++Clearly, not everything has gone perfectly in Europe and other parts of the world. A lot of people and places have screwed up their response to the coronavirus, showing that it’s no easy challenge. +
++But when the numbers are added up, the US remains an extraordinary failure in its handling of Covid-19. +
+
++Lawmakers may have been exposed to the coronavirus during Wednesday’s riot. +
++Congress’s attending physician warned House members on Sunday that they may have been exposed to the coronavirus last week, after evacuating from the House chamber when pro-Trump insurrectionists stormed the US Capitol. +
++In an email, attending physician Dr. Brian Monahan wrote that, after evacuating to “a large committee hearing space,” members “may have been exposed to another occupant with coronavirus infection.” +
++++NEW — the attending physician has sent out an email saying that people in the safe room during the riots may have been exposed to the coronavirus. pic.twitter.com/iqxYHG32ye +
+— Jake Sherman (@JakeSherman) January 10, 2021 +
+“Please continue your usual daily coronavirus risk reduction measures,” Monahan goes on to say in the email, and “obtain an RT-PCR coronavirus test next week as a precaution.” +
++Monahan’s warning is especially stark in the context of a video obtained last week by Punchbowl News — a new news outlet started in early 2021 by a handful of Politico alums — that shows evacuated House members unmasked and in close quarters with each other. +
++In the video, one lawmaker — Rep. Lisa Blunt Rochester, a Delaware Democrat — can be seen offering other members masks, but many turn down the offer. +
++“While I was disappointed in my colleagues who refused to wear a mask, I was encouraged by those who did,” Rochester said in a Friday tweet after the video became public. “My goal, in the midst of what I feared was a super spreader event, was to make the room at least a little safer.” +
++++While I was disappointed in my colleagues who refused to wear a mask, I was encouraged by those who did. My goal, in the midst of what I feared was a super spreader event, was to make the room at least a little safer. https://t.co/HpEZdUzHbd +
+— Rep. Lisa Blunt Rochester (@RepLBR) January 8, 2021 +
+It’s unclear if the room in the video is the same one Monahan’s email warns was the location of a potential coronavirus exposure, but the footage, combined with the email, raises the alarming possibility of a Covid-19 outbreak on Capitol Hill. +
++Since Wednesday, at least one House member — Republican Rep. Jake LaTurner of Kansas — has announced that he tested positive for Covid-19, though it is again unclear if LaTurner is the person with a coronavirus infection referenced in Monahan’s email. +
++LaTurner, a first-term member of Congress, confirmed in a tweet that he tested positive on Wednesday night — the same day the Capitol was attacked. +
++“Congressman LaTurner is following the advice of the House physician and CDC guidelines,” a tweet from his official account said, “and, therefore, does not plan to return to the House floor for votes until he is cleared to do so.” +
++++Congressman LaTurner is following the advice of the House physician and CDC guidelines and, therefore, does not plan to return to the House floor for votes until he is cleared to do so. +
+— Rep. Jake LaTurner (@RepLaTurner) January 7, 2021 +
+There also are obvious coronavirus concerns about the mob of largely maskless pro-Trump insurgents who swarmed the Capitol on Wednesday. Many of these insurrectionists were in close contact with members of the Capitol Police while lawmakers evacuated. +
++“You cannot keep distance if you’re trying to leave a very intense and dangerous situation,” one expert in respiratory virus transmission, Seema Lakdawala, told the New York Times last week. “You’re weighing the risk of your life over the risk of getting a virus at that moment.” +
++Also of concern is that if the events of Wednesday result in additional Covid-19 cases — or even morph into a superspreader event, though there is currently no evidence that has occurred — Congress is a particularly vulnerable population. +
++In particular, age is a significant risk factor for cases of severe Covid-19. According to Mayo Clinic, about 80 percent of US deaths from the virus have been people age 65 and older — and the average age of House Democratic leadership in the 116th Congress (the 117th Congress began just last Sunday) was 71. The average age of the entire Democratic caucus in the previous Congress was 58, and for the Republican conference, 57. +
++One fact that could help limit any potential spread, however, is that many members of Congress — including the top-ranking members of each party in the House and the Senate — have already received the the first of two Covid-19 vaccinations, hopefully lessening the risk of an outbreak. As Vox’s Kelsey Piper has explained, “getting just one dose still reduces a person’s chances of getting Covid-19 by 80 to 90 percent, at least initially.” +
++Despite the risk factors on Capitol Hill, Congress has thus far been spared the worst of the coronavirus pandemic. As of mid-December, 49 members across both chambers had tested positive for Covid-19, though that number has since grown, and there have been no deaths among serving members. +
++However, Representative-elect Luke Letlow, 41, died of the coronavirus in late December, just days before he was set to be sworn in as a member of the 117th Congress. +
++Even elderly members of Congress, such as Iowa Sen. Chuck Grassley, 87, who tested positive in November, have come through the experience in good health, though Alaska Rep. Don Young, also 87, said on Twitter after surviving the virus that “very frankly, I had not felt this sick in a very long time.” +
++++Very frankly, I had not felt this sick in a very long time, and I am grateful to everyone who has kept me in their thoughts and prayers. Unfortunately, a lot of what you may have heard about my condition was based on speculation in the media that did not respect my privacy. +
+— Rep. Don Young (@repdonyoung) November 16, 2020 +
+That’s in sharp contrast to the plight currently facing the country at large: Overshadowed by Wednesday’s insurrection on Capitol Hill, the US on Thursday reported the single highest one-day death toll of the pandemic with 4,112 deaths. +
++On Friday, the US also recorded 300,000 new cases in a single day for the first time ever, reporting 300,594 cases. On average, the country has reported 253,958 new cases per day over the last seven days, according to the New York Times. +
++The broader US vaccine rollout is also well behind pace, with only 5.9 million people vaccinated as of Thursday, far short of the 20 million the Trump administration said would be vaccinated by the end of December. +
++It’s possible the tide will turn in the near future: Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s leading infectious disease expert, said last week that though the initial vaccine rollout has stumbled, “I believe that we will pick up momentum as we get beyond the holiday season into the first couple of weeks in January.” +
++And President-elect Joe Biden, who will be inaugurated in 10 days, has pledged a large-scale vaccine effort to get “at least 100 million Covid vaccine shots into the arms of the American people” within his first 100 days in office. +
++To do so, Biden has said he will make a somewhat controversial change to the US distribution strategy, releasing all available doses at once. Both vaccines currently authorized for widespread use in the US require two doses, and the Trump administration had chosen to hold back doses to ensure those who get their first dose are guaranteed to have a second available when they’re scheduled to receive it. +
++But even if the US vaccination effort improves in weeks to come, right now the pandemic is tearing through the US all but unchecked — and Wednesday’s events could have left Congress more vulnerable than ever to the virus. +
+
++House Majority Whip James Clyburn said Trump will likely face an impeachment vote by Wednesday. +
++Democrats have been working rapidly to prepare articles of impeachment against President Donald Trump — and House Majority Whip James Clyburn (D-SC) told Fox News Sunday a vote on those will come “probably Tuesday, maybe Wednesday.” +
++Punchbowl News co-founder and Capitol Hill veteran John Bresnahan reported Sunday that the House will hold a brief session Monday. Rep. Ted Lieu (D-CA), who helped draft the articles of impeachment, tweeted that the articles would be introduced at this session and that, as of Sunday afternoon, they had 200 cosponsors. +
++The House move to begin impeachment proceedings comes in response to Trump’s role in inciting a deadly insurrection at the US Capitol last Wednesday, with the goal of stopping, delaying, or interfering with congressional certification of the 2020 presidential election. The articles of impeachment draft that has been made available addresses this by accusing Trump of “incitement of insurrection.” +
++But the final articles may also address earlier efforts Trump made to overturn the results of the election. Clyburn told CNN’s State of the Union that he thought a series of phone calls in which Trump cajoled and threatened Georgia state election officials in an effort to have them overturn the state’s presidential vote results “is impeachable and I think it should be brought into the discussion.” +
++++Rep. James Clyburn says President Trump's phone call with the Georgia secretary of state "is impeachable and it should be brought into question" #CNNSOTU https://t.co/z34PT4AuTB pic.twitter.com/NXABsyQbq1 +
+— CNN Politics (@CNNPolitics) January 10, 2021 +
+Some Democrats, including Sen. Joe Manchin (D-WV) discouraged their party from pursuing immediate impeachment charges, saying that focusing on quickly passing legislation at the start of the new administration and confirming Biden’s Cabinet should take precedence. +
++“We have to put our government together quickly — that’s the most important thing we should do,” Manchin told the Washington Post Friday. “We don’t need any more political theater.” +
++Addressing these concerns, Clyburn indicated to CNN that House Democrats may sit on impeachment until after President-elect Biden’s first 100 days have passed, giving priority instead to the new president’s policy agenda. +
++Clyburn said figuring out the best way to balance impeachment with the beginning of Biden’s term will ultimately fall to House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, but said he would suggest, “Let’s give President-elect Biden the 100 days he needs to get his agenda off and running, and maybe we will send the articles sometime after that.” +
++++Rep. James Clyburn says while he expects the House will take action on the article of impeachment against Pres. Trump this week, House Democrats might wait until after President-elect Biden's first 100 days in office to send the article to the Senate. #CNNSOTU pic.twitter.com/aLjjNWAxG9 +
+— State of the Union (@CNNSotu) January 10, 2021 +
+Regardless of when the House might deliver any potential articles, there is likely to be some delay on the Senate side. Friday, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-KY) circulated a memo to his GOP colleagues laying out a potential schedule should the House immediately send articles of impeachment to the upper chamber. In it, McConnell writes that a trial wouldn’t begin until January 19 at the earliest, a day before Trump is supposed to leave office. +
++If the impeachment process leads to a Senate trial, it is not clear Democrats will have the 67 votes needed to convict Trump; after newly-elected Georgia Democrats Rev. Raphael Warnock and Jon Ossoff are sworn in as senators, Democrats will have a slim one-vote majority in the chamber (with Vice President-elect Kamala Harris as the tie-breaking 51st vote). +
++There are two Republican senators, Sens. Pat Toomey and Lisa Murkowski, calling for Trump’s resignation, but so far, no GOP senators have said they would vote to convict him. +
++In the House, there does seem to be enough support for a successful impeachment — beyond the draft article’s 200 cosponsors, over 220 Democrats in the chamber have publicly indicated support for impeachment proceedings. +
++If impeached, Trump would become the first president in US history to be impeached twice. +
++Given possible delays in the Senate, Trump’s removal from office via a Senate conviction seems unlikely before his term expires on January 20. +
++A more rapid form of removal could come through the vice president and the Cabinet invoking the 25th Amendment — which allows those parties to depower a president deemed unfit for office. +
++But Vice President Mike Pence decided against invoking the 25th Amendment earlier this week, despite reportedly facing pressure to do so from some Cabinet members. According to CNN, Pence has chosen to keep that option in his back pocket in case Trump’s behavior worsens in his term’s final days. +
++As Vox’s Andrew Prokop has reported, Democrats initially hoped Pence would lead a removal through the 25th Amendment. Now that it is clear that isn’t going to happen, Democrats are arguing they have no choice but to proceed with impeachment. +
++Sunday, Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY) told ABC’s George Stephanopoulos that “every minute” that Trump remains in office “represents a clear and present danger,” adding she hopes that Congress can bar Trump from holding office again through the impeachment process. +
++++Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez backs impeachment, telling @GStephanopoulos “every minute" that Trump is "in office represents a clear and present danger.”
+— This Week (@ThisWeekABC) January 10, 2021 +
“We’re also talking about complete barring of (Donald Trump) from running for office ever again.” https://t.co/k4g6uA7rAo pic.twitter.com/k5nIiWuOtx +
+Several prominent Republicans, like Trump allies Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-SC) and Rep. Jim Jordan (R-OH), have argued against impeachment, calling instead for “healing and unity” after the insurrection. But Ocasio-Cortez pushed back against that rhetoric Sunday, saying “The process of healing is separate and in fact requires accountability ... because without it, it will happen again,” she said. +
++++Rep. Ocasio-Cortez pushes back against some GOP lawmakers suggesting a second impeachment of Pres. Trump would threaten unity: "The process of healing is separate and in fact requires accountability... because without it, it will happen again." https://t.co/wbex0bS4Sb pic.twitter.com/6QcDczitua +
+— ABC News (@ABC) January 10, 2021 +
+Sen. Chris Coons (D-DE) echoed Ocasio-Cortez in comments to CBS’s Face the Nation on Sunday, saying that “there can only be reconciliation with repentance.” +
++++"Many of my Republican colleagues are now calling for healing and for us to come together. I'll tell you that there can only be reconciliation with repentance." -- Sen. Chris Coons pic.twitter.com/dl6Sg1lNUQ +
+— Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) January 10, 2021 +
+Essentially, Democrats are arguing that impeachment, even if done after Trump leaves office, will make it clear that incitement of an insurrection by federal elected officials is a line that must never be crossed again. +
++
++
+Victory Parade, Race For The Stars, Demerara, Pirate’s Love and Sanctuary Cove impress - Victory Parade, Race For The Stars, Demerara, Pirate’s Love and Sanctuary Cove impressed when the horses were exercised here on Monday (January. 11).
Unacceptable, upsetting: Rahane on racist abuse at Sydney Test; Paine backs him - CA has also promised strongest possible action against the offenders, which includes the possibility of them being banned for life from the SCG.
Virat Kohli and Anushka Sharma announce birth of baby girl - Kohli took to Twitter to make the announcement, both in English and Hindi
Australia, India retain top-two spots in WTC standings after draw in 3rd Test - India's remarkable show saw them stay marginally ahead of third-placed New Zealand in the WTC points tally
Aus vs Ind Third Test | I let the team down: Australia skipper Paine on dropped catches - Paine said he was below par behind the stumps after India held on for a draw in pursuit of 407
CDS Rawat reviews security situation in Ladakh amid border standoff with China - The move comes in the backdrop of his visits to Dibang Valley, Lohit sector and Subansiri valley near the LAC in Arunachal Pradesh.
Covid-19 | Govt. places purchase order with Serum Institute for 11 million doses of vaccine - Each dose of the vaccine has been priced at ₹200 and with GST of ₹10 it would cost ₹210.
Two made-in-India COVID vaccines more cost-effective than others in world: PM Modi - Public representatives are not part of the 3 crore corona warriors and frontline workers to be vaccinated first, Mr Modi said.
Coronavirus | IMA endorses safety, efficacy of both vaccines cleared by India - Get vaccinated voluntarily, it requests members. Good protective levels of antibodies have been found to develop with them, it says
Govt. should focus on incidents like Bhandara, says Fadnavis after security downgrade - State government's decision to scale down his security cover will have no impact, the former CM said.
Storm Filomena: Spain races to clear snow as temperatures plunge - Extra measures are taken to distribute Covid vaccines amid fears the snow could turn to ice.
In pictures: Storm Filomena hits Spain as Greeks bask in heatwave - Spain has seen heavy snow and plunging temperatures, while in Greece it is unusually warm.
Covid: 'Most dangerous time' of the pandemic, says Prof Whitty - The warning from England's chief medical officer comes as seven mass vaccination centres open.
Beny Steinmetz: Mining tycoon in Swiss trial over Guinea deal - Billionaire Beny Steinmetz denies alleged corruption over a huge iron ore deal in Guinea.
Europe's slow start: How many people have had the Covid vaccine? - As countries look to quickly vaccinate people, BBC reporters explain what's happening across Europe.
A “no math” (but seven-part) guide to modern quantum mechanics - Welcome to "The curious observer’s guide to quantum mechanics"–featuring particle/wave duality. - link
New York City proposes regulating algorithms used in hiring - Bill would require firms to disclose when they use software to assess candidates. - link
Amazon cuts off Parler’s Web hosting following Apple, Google bans - The app will need to find new Web hosting by Sunday or go offline. - link
The immune system and COVID: It’s still confusing - Antibodies may help, inflammation may hurt, but immunosuppressants are irrelevant? - link
What to expect from the first-ever virtual CES - Some big players are missing, along with over half of last year's exhibitors. - link
+That was a blast from the past! +
+ submitted by /u/lazynessisawesome
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+Now I can’t read any of it. +
+ submitted by /u/Po1sonator
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+The plumber told me. +
+ submitted by /u/Cecil_the_wonderdog
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+He thanked her and went back to his golf. +
++On the back nine, the same thing happened and he approached the lady, again with the same request. +
++She said, “I’m on the 14th, you are a hole behind me, so you must be on the 13th.” +
++Once again, he thanked her. +
++He finished his round, went into the club house and saw the lady sitting at the end of the bar. +
++He went up to her and said, “Let me buy you a drink to show my appreciation for your help.” +
++He started a conversation and asked her what kind of work she did. +
++She said she was in sales and he said he was in sales also. +
++He asked what she sold. +
++She replied, “If I told you, you would only laugh.” +
++“No, I wouldn’t.” he said. +
++She said, “I sell tampons.” +
++With that he fell on the floor laughing so hard. +
++She said, “See, I knew you would laugh.” +
++“That’s not what I’m laughing at!” he replied. “I’m a toilet paper salesman, so I’m STILL one hole behind you!” +
+ submitted by /u/honolulu_oahu_mod
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+A conference for who the best actor in the world was held, Actors from all around the world came to take part in the competition.There were many qualifier rounds but then only 5 actors remained in the finals. +
++The final contest was decided to be a manual cow milking competition. The rules were simple, The one to milk the most milk from their respective cows won the competition. +
++The actors were from Nepal (the place where the joke is from), India (A neighbouring country so it is used), USA (Land of Chuck Norris), UK and China. +
++They were each given a cow and 1 hour of alloted time to milk the cow. +
++The competition started and then ended soon. +
++Then the judges went on and checked how much they each milked. +
++They went and checked UK's representative (Michael Caine). He only milked 10 ltrs. of milk. +
++Then they moved onto China's Jet Li. Using his martial arts technique, he milked an astonishing 20 ltr. of milk from the cow. +
+
+Then Rajnikant (Indian counterpart of Chuck Norris,ask indians they'll tell) patted Li on the back and showed them he had milked 25 ltrs.
Chuck Norris was already laughing at them. For he had milked 30 ltrs. of milk
+
+Now, The judges moved onto Rajesh Hamal (He's the Nepalese counterpart to Chuck Norris). When they looked into his bucket, They were astounded. He had only milked 1 ltr. of milk +
+
+They declared Chuck to be the winner and later interviewed everyone.
When it was Rajesh's turn, they asked " Why only 1 ltr?"
To which he replied "Those mfers gave me a bull"
+
submitted by /u/Spandan-N
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