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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Hunt Regional Medical Center Policy for Dapsone administration of ARDS by SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
<div>
A covid-19 committee at Hunt regional Medical centre reviewed the use of Dapsone use as an off label medication based upon treatment adjuncts and inflammasome thesis. It recommends that any physician can write this prescription. However, to ensure safe, appropriate, and accurate administration. Following general guidance is recommended.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/9c7wz/" target="_blank">Hunt Regional Medical Center Policy for Dapsone administration of ARDS by SARS-CoV-2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Optimizing vaccine allocation for COVID-19 vaccines: critical role of single-dose vaccination.</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Most of the COVID-19 vaccines require two doses, at least 3 weeks apart. In the first few months of vaccine deployment, vaccine shortages will be inevitable. Current vaccine prioritization guidelines for COVID-19 vaccines all assume two-dose vaccine deployment. However, vaccinating twice as many people with a single dose of vaccine might be a better use of resources. Utilizing an age-stratified mathematical model combined with optimization algorithms, we determined the optimal vaccine allocation with one and two doses of vaccine to minimize five key metrics of disease burden (total infections, symptomatic infections, deaths, peak non-ICU and ICU hospitalizations) under a variety of assumptions (different levels of social distancing, vaccine availability, mode of action of vaccines, vaccination rate). Our results suggest that maintaining current social distancing interventions and speedy vaccine deployment are key for successful vaccination campaigns. Further, we show that the optimal allocation of vaccine critically depends on the single-dose efficacy (SDE). If the SDE is high, then under the majority of scenarios considered, single-dose vaccination is the optimal use of vaccine, preventing up to 48% more deaths than a strategy allocating vaccine to the high-risk (older age groups in our model) first. If the SDE is low or medium, then our results suggest that mixed vaccination campaigns with one and two doses of vaccine are best. Our work suggests that it is an absolute imperative to quickly and fully determine the efficacy of single-dose vaccines, as single-dose vaccinations can put an end to this pandemic much more quickly.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.31.20249099v2" target="_blank">Optimizing vaccine allocation for COVID-19 vaccines: critical role of single-dose vaccination.</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Household Transmission of SARS-COV-2: Insights from a Population-based Serological Survey</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background: Knowing the transmissibility of asymptomatic infections and risk of infection from household- and community-exposures is critical to SARS-CoV-2 control. Limited previous evidence is based primarily on virologic testing, which disproportionately misses mild and asymptomatic infections. Serologic measures are more likely to capture all previously infected individuals. Objective: Estimate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection from household and community exposures, and identify key risk factors for transmission and infection. Design: Cross-sectional household serosurvey and transmission model. Setting: Geneva, Switzerland Participants: 4,524 household members 5 years and older from 2,267 households enrolled April-June 2020. Measurements: Past SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed through IgG ELISA. Chain-binomial models based on the number of infections within households used to estimate the cumulative extra-household infection risk and infection risk from exposure to an infected household member by demographics and infector9s symptoms. Results: The chance of being infected by a SARS-CoV-2 infected household member was 17.3% (95%CrI,13.7-21.7%) compared to a cumulative extra-household infection risk of 5.1% (95%CrI,4.5-5.8%). Infection risk from an infected household member increased with age, with 5-9 year olds having 0.4 times (95%CrI, 0.07-1.4) the odds of infection, and 65 years and older having 2.7 (95%CrI,0.88-7.4) times the odds of infection of 20-49 year olds. Working-age adults had the highest extra-household infection risk. Seropositive asymptomatic household members had 69.6% lower odds (95%CrI,33.7-88.1%) of infecting another household member compared to those reporting symptoms, accounting for 14.7% (95%CrI,6.3-23.2%) of all household infections. Limitations: Self-reported symptoms, small number of seropositive kids and imperfect serologic tests. Conclusion: The risk of infection from exposure to a single infected household member was more than three-times that of extra-household exposures over the first pandemic wave. Young children had a lower risk of infection from household members. Asymptomatic infections are far less likely to transmit than symptomatic ones but do cause infections.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.04.20225573v2" target="_blank">Household Transmission of SARS-COV-2: Insights from a Population-based Serological Survey</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Digital Parent Training RCT Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review</strong> -
<div>
Telehealth interventions have the opportunity to scale evidenced-based therapeutics and increase service access to historically hard to reach populations, including rural, and minority groups. Behavior management parenting interventions are a best-practice intervention to treat a range of disruptive behavior disorders and family dysfunction concerns, which have traditionally occurred in person, but recently been trialed online due to growing demand and a need for remote delivery during COVID-19. There is limited and mixed information to date regarding evidence for online services and minimal research on client and therapeutic factors associated with better outcomes, which is critical for advancing efficacy in the rapidly-growing approach to treating child mental illness. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis (k = 24, total number of intervention participants = 1469 and control participants = 800) of the impact of digital parent training interventions on parent skill, parent mental health, and child externalizing mental health outcomes from 2000 to 2020, among children 2-12 years old, across four databases. Exclusionary criteria include programs targeted for parents of children with intellectual disabilities, autism, brain injury, nutrition/health/dental needs or primary medical diagnosis. Across outcomes, there was a modest effect size of digital parent training interventions (g =.22-.30), compared to controls using random effect two-level and multi-level models. Study heterogeneity varied across outcomes (I² = 18.6% to 66.3%). Results of publication bias were mixed across tests, but they were suggestive of a slight inflation of the effects sizes across outcomes. We tested several moderators related to child demographics, family socioeconomic status, intervention design, and risk of bias. We found the effects of digital parent training on parent skills and child outcomes were stronger if the intervention used was evidence-based, combined hybrid interactive platforms with a therapist and was compared to an inactive control. Given the limitations from the existing literature assess moderating effects regarding population characteristics (i.e. SES, parent mental health), we call on future studies to provide standardized demographics to aide future knowledge synthesis work and provide templates for shared measurement. We preregistered our meta-analysis here, with datafile, code and supplementary: https://osf.io/e35bt/.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/cpd9b/" target="_blank">Digital Parent Training RCT Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Accurate bulk quantitation of droplet digital PCR</strong> -
<div>
Droplet digital PCR provides superior accuracy in nucleic acid quantitation. The requirement of microfluidics to generate and analyze the emulsions, however, is a barrier to its adoption, particularly in low resource or clinical settings. Here, we report a novel method to prepare ddPCR droplets by vortexing and readout the results by bulk analysis of recovered amplicons. We demonstrate the approach by accurately quantitating SARS-CoV-2 sequences using entirely bulk processing and no microfluidics. Our approach for quantitating reactions should extend to all digital assays that generate amplicons, including digital PCR and LAMP conducted in droplets, microchambers, or nanoliter wells. More broadly, our approach combines important attributes of ddPCR, including enhanced accuracy and robustness to inhibition, with the high-volume sample processing ability of quantitative PCR.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.13.424628v1" target="_blank">Accurate bulk quantitation of droplet digital PCR</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>In vivo structure and dynamics of the RNA genome of SARS-Cov-2</strong> -
<div>
The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which causes the COVID-19 pandemic, is one of the largest positive strand RNA viruses. Here we developed a simplified SPLASH assay and comprehensively mapped the in vivo RNA-RNA interactome of SARS-CoV-2 RNA during the viral life cycle. We observed canonical and alternative structures including 3'-UTR and 5'-UTR, frameshifting element (FSE) pseudoknot and genome cyclization in cells and in virions. We provided direct evidence of interactions between Transcription Regulating Sequences (TRS-L and TRS-Bs), which facilitate discontinuous transcription. In addition, we revealed alternative short and long distance arches around FSE, forming a "high-order pseudoknot" embedding FSE, which might help ribosome stalling at frameshift sites. More importantly, we found that within virions, during SARS-CoV-2 genome RNA undergoing intensive compaction, genome cyclization is weakened and genome domains remain stable. Our data provides a structural basis for the regulation of replication, discontinuous transcription and translational frameshifting, describes dynamics of RNA structures during life cycle of SARS-CoV-2, and will help to develop antiviral strategies.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.15.426526v1" target="_blank">In vivo structure and dynamics of the RNA genome of SARS-Cov-2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Liberating host-virus knowledge from COVID-19 lockdown</strong> -
<div>
Connecting basic data about bats and other potential mammal hosts of SARS-CoV-2 with their ecological context is now critical for understanding the emergence and spread of COVID-19. However, when global lockdown started in March 2020, the world’s bat experts were locked out of their research laboratories, which, in turn, locked up large volumes of offline ecological and taxonomic data. Global lockdown has put a magnifying glass on the long-standing problem of biological ‘dark data’ that is published but disconnected from digital knowledge resources, and thus unavailable for high-throughput analysis. Host-to-virus knowledge will be biased until this challenge is addressed. Here we outline two viable solutions: (i) how to interconnect published data about mammal hosts and viruses in the short term; and (ii) how to shift the publishing paradigm beyond unstructured text (e.g., PDFs) to labeled networks of digital knowledge. Biological taxonomy is foundational to both solutions as the indexing system for biodiversity data. Building digitally connected ‘knowledge graphs’ of host-virus interactions will establish the needed agility for quickly identifying reservoir hosts of novel zoonoses, allow for AI-based predictions of emergence, and thereby improve planetary health security.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://ecoevorxiv.org/txekq/" target="_blank">Liberating host-virus knowledge from COVID-19 lockdown</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns at COVID-19 Dedicated Wards in Bangladesh: A Single Center Point-Prevalence Survey</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
There is a clear deficiency in antimicrobial usage data and ongoing stewardship programs both in government and private health care facilities in Bangladesh. As evidences are mounting regarding irrational and often unnecessary use of antibiotics during COVID-19 pandemic, a point prevalence survey (PPS) was conducted across COVID-19 dedicated wards in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital (DMCH). Antibiotic usage data were collected from 193 patients at different COVID-19 dedicated wards at DMCH between 21 May, 2020 and 10 June, 2020. Comparisons in antibiotic usage were made between different groups using Pearson chi-square and Fisher exact test. Factors associated with multiple antibiotic prescription were evaluated using binary logistic regression model. On survey date all (100%) patients were receiving at least one antibiotic with 133 patients (68.91%) receiving multiple antibiotics. Overall, patients presenting with severe disease received more antibiotics on average. Third generation cephalosporin ceftriaxone (53.8%), meropenem (40.9%), moxifloxacin (29.5%) and doxycycline (25.4%) were the four most prescribed antibiotics among survey patients. Among comorbidities diabetes mellitus (DM) was independently associated with increased antibiotic prescribing. Abnormal C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum d-dimer were linked with higher odds of antibiotic prescribing among survey patients. Overall, prevalence of antibiotic prescribing in COVID-19 patients at DMCH was very high. This could be attributed to a lack of clear treatment protocol against COVID-19 till date as well as lack of modern laboratory facilities to support judicial antibiotic prescribing in Bangladesh. A well-functioning antibiotic stewardship program in Bangladesh is required to prevent an impending health crisis.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.15.21249868v1" target="_blank">Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns at COVID-19 Dedicated Wards in Bangladesh: A Single Center Point-Prevalence Survey</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Optimising SARS-CoV-2 pooled testing strategies on social networks for low-resource settings</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Controlling the COVID-19 pandemic is an urgent global challenge. The rapid geographic spread of SARS-CoV-2 directly reflects the social structure. Before effective vaccines and treatments are widely available, we have to rely on alternative, non-pharmaceutical interventions, including frequency testing, contact tracing, social distancing, mask wearing, and hand-washing, as public health practises to slow down the spread of the disease. However frequent testing is the key in the absence of any alternative. We propose a network approach to determine the optimal low resources setting oriented pool testing strategies that identifies infected individuals in a small number of tests and few rounds of testing, at low prevalence of the virus. We simulate stochastic infection curves on societies under quarantine. Allowing some social interaction is possible to keep the COVID-19 curve flat. However, similar results can be strategically obtained searching and isolating infected persons to preserve a healthier social structure. Here, we analyze which are the best strategies to contain the virus applying an algorithm that combine samples and testing them in groups [1]. A relevant parameter to keep infection curves flat using this algorithm is the dairy frequency of testing at zones where a high infection rate is reported. On the other hand, the algorithm efficiency is low for random search of infected people.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.13.20249064v1" target="_blank">Optimising SARS-CoV-2 pooled testing strategies on social networks for low-resource settings</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Persistently increased systemic ACE2 activity and Furin levels are associated with increased inflammatory response in smokers with SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Tobacco smoking is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of several cardiopulmonary diseases, and smokers are susceptible to infectious agents. However, the progression of lung injury based on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity amongst smokers and those with pre-existing pulmonary diseases is not known. We determined the systemic expression and activity of COVID-19 related proteins, cytokine, chemokines, and lipid mediators (lipidomics) amongst COVID-19 patients with and without a history of smoking with a view to define biomarkers. We obtained serum from COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 recovered patients with and without a history of smoking. We conducted a Luminex multiplex assay (cytokine levels), LC-MS (eicosanoids or oxylipin panel) and enzymatic activity assays on the serum samples to study the systemic changes in COVID-19 patients. On comparing the cytokine profiles among COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 negative patients, we found a significant upregulation in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1beta, IL-8, IL-2, VEGF and IL-10 in COVID-19 positive patients as compared to the respective controls. Interestingly, smoking history resulted in further augmentation of the release of some hyper-inflammatory cytokines, like IFN-gamma, Eotaxin, MCP-1 and IL-9 amongst COVID-19 positive patients. The enzymatic activity for ACE2, the binding partner for SARS-CoV2 virus in the host cell, was found to be significantly increased in the serum of patients with a smoking history compared to the serum collected from the non-smoking controls. Similarly to our cytokine analysis, our measurement of serum Furin levels was also affected by the patients smoking history, in which we reported a substantial rise in serum Furin levels of COVID-19 patients. The analysis of lipid mediators revealed a distinct signature amongst the COVID-19 positive versus recovered subjects in PGF2alpha, HETEs, LXA4 and LTB4 levels. However, we did not find any changes in the levels of any lipid mediators based on the smoking history of the patients. Overall, our results point towards distinct systemic signatures amongst COVID-19 positive patients. We also show that smoking adversely affects the systemic levels of inflammatory markers and COVID-19 related proteins, thus suggesting that COVID-19 infection may have severe outcomes amongst smokers which is reflected systemically.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.14.21249836v1" target="_blank">Persistently increased systemic ACE2 activity and Furin levels are associated with increased inflammatory response in smokers with SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Epidemiology of post-COVID syndrome following hospitalisation with coronavirus: a retrospective cohort study</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Objectives: The epidemiology of post-COVID syndrome (PCS) is currently undefined. We quantified rates of organ-specific impairment following recovery from COVID-19 hospitalisation compared with those in a matched control group, and how the rate ratio (RR) varies by age, sex, and ethnicity. Design: Observational, retrospective, matched cohort study. Setting: NHS hospitals in England. Participants: 47,780 individuals (mean age 65 years, 55% male) in hospital with COVID-19 and discharged alive by 31 August 2020, matched to controls on demographic and clinical characteristics. Outcome measures: Rates of hospital readmission, all-cause mortality, and diagnoses of respiratory, cardiovascular, metabolic, kidney and liver diseases until 30 September 2020. Results: Mean follow-up time was 140 days for COVID-19 cases and 153 days for controls. 766 (95% confidence interval: 753 to 779) readmissions and 320 (312 to 328) deaths per 1,000 person-years were observed in COVID-19 cases, 3.5 (3.4 to 3.6) and 7.7 (7.2 to 8.3) times greater, respectively, than in controls. Rates of respiratory, diabetes and cardiovascular events were also significantly elevated in COVID-19 cases, at 770 (758 to 783), 127 (122 to 132) and 126 (121 to 131) events per 1,000 person-years, respectively. RRs were greater for individuals aged &lt;70 than ≥70 years, and in ethnic minority groups than the White population, with the biggest differences observed for respiratory disease: 10.5 [9.7 to 11.4] for &lt;70 years versus 4.6 [4.3 to 4.8] for ≥70 years, and 11.4 (9.8 to 13.3) for Non-White versus 5.2 (5.0 to 5.5) for White. Conclusions: Individuals discharged from hospital following COVID-19 face elevated rates of multi-organ dysfunction compared with background levels, and the increase in risk is neither confined to the elderly nor uniform across ethnicities. The diagnosis, treatment and prevention of PCS require integrated rather than organ- or disease-specific approaches. Urgent research is required to establish risk factors for PCS.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.15.21249885v1" target="_blank">Epidemiology of post-COVID syndrome following hospitalisation with coronavirus: a retrospective cohort study</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The Use of Procalcitonin as an Antimicrobial Stewardship Tool and a Predictor of Disease Severity in COVID-19</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
In our study, procalcitonin was associated with both antibiotic use and duration in patients with COVID-19, as well as established biochemical markers of COVID-19 disease severity and oxygen requirement, suggesting a potential role for procalcitonin in COVID-19 antimicrobial stewardship.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.14.21249853v1" target="_blank">The Use of Procalcitonin as an Antimicrobial Stewardship Tool and a Predictor of Disease Severity in COVID-19</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Using viral load and epidemic dynamics to optimize pooled testing in resource constrained settings</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Extensive virological testing is central to SARS-CoV-2 containment, but many settings face severe limitations on testing. Group testing offers a way to increase throughput by testing pools of combined samples; however, most proposed designs have not yet addressed key concerns over sensitivity loss and implementation feasibility. Here, we combine a mathematical model of epidemic spread and empirically derived viral kinetics for SARS-CoV-2 infections to identify pooling designs that are robust to changes in prevalence, and to ratify losses in sensitivity against the time course of individual infections. Using this framework, we show that prevalence can be accurately estimated across four orders of magnitude using only a few dozen pooled tests without the need for individual identification. We then exhaustively evaluate the ability of different pooling designs to maximize the number of detected infections under various resource constraints, finding that simple pooling designs can identify up to 20 times as many positives compared to individual testing with a given budget. We illustrate how pooling affects sensitivity and overall detection capacity during an epidemic and on each day post infection, finding that sensitivity loss is mainly attributed to individuals sampled at the end of infection when detection for public health containment has minimal benefit. Crucially, we confirm that our theoretical results can be accurately translated into practice using pooled human nasopharyngeal specimens. Our results show that accounting for variation in sampled viral loads provides a nuanced picture of how pooling affects sensitivity to detect epidemiologically relevant infections. Using simple, practical group testing designs can vastly increase surveillance capabilities in resource-limited settings.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.01.20086801v3" target="_blank">Using viral load and epidemic dynamics to optimize pooled testing in resource constrained settings</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Comparative Genomics and Integrated Network Approach Unveiled Undirected Phylogeny Patterns, Co-mutational Hotspots, Functional Crosstalk and Regulatory Interactions in SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
<div>
SARS-CoV-2 pandemic resulted in 92 million cases in a span of one year. The study focuses on understanding population specific variations attributing its high rate of infections in specific geographical regions particularly in USA. Rigorous phylogenomic network analysis of complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes (245) inferred five central clades named a (ancestral), b, c, d and e (subtype e1 &amp; e2). The clade d &amp; e2 were found exclusively comprising of USA. Clades were distinguished by 10 co-mutational combinations in Nsp3, ORF8, Nsp13, S, Nsp12, Nsp2 and Nsp6. Our analysis revealed that only 67.46% of SNP mutations were at amino acid level. T1103P mutation in Nsp3 was predicted to increase protein stability in 238 strains except 6 strains which were marked as ancestral type; whereas co-mutation (P409L &amp; Y446C) in Nsp13 were found in 64 genomes from USA highlighting its 100% co-occurrence. Docking highlighted mutation (D614G) caused reduction in binding of Spike proteins with ACE2, but it also showed better interaction with TMPRSS2 receptor contributing to high transmissibility among USA strains. We also found host proteins, MYO5A, MYO5B, MYO5C had maximum interaction with viral proteins (N, S, M). Thus, blocking the internalization pathway by inhibiting MYO5 proteins which could be an effective target for COVID-19 treatment. The functional annotations of the HPI network were found to be closely associated with hypoxia and thrombotic conditions confirming the vulnerability and severity of infection. We also screened CpG islands in Nsp1 &amp; N conferring ability of SARS-CoV-2 to enter and trigger ZAP activity inside host cell.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.06.20.162560v2" target="_blank">Comparative Genomics and Integrated Network Approach Unveiled Undirected Phylogeny Patterns, Co-mutational Hotspots, Functional Crosstalk and Regulatory Interactions in SARS-CoV-2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Predicting Emerging Themes in Rapidly Expanding COVID-19 Literature with Dynamic Word Embedding Networks and Machine Learning</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background. COVID-19 knowledge has been changing rapidly with the fast pace of information that accompanied the pandemic. Since peer-reviewed research is a trusted source of evidence, capturing and predicting the emerging themes in COVID-19 literature are crucial for guiding research and policy. Machine learning, natural language processing and dynamical networks have the potential to enable rapid distillation and prediction of actionable insights for ending the pandemic. Objective. We hypothesized that emerging COVID-19 research trends can be captured and predicted from networks constructed upon language features. Further, we aimed to detect communities in these networks and used centrality measures to track and predict emerging network modules as dominant themes in a given time period. The goal of our study was to make our findings publicly available as an explainable AI dashboard for researchers and policymakers. Methods. Abstracts from more than 95,000 peer-reviewed articles from the WHO curated COVID-19 database were used to construct word embedding models. Named entity recognition was used to refine the terms. Cosine similarity between the terms was then used to construct dynamical networks in order to understand the temporal trend of emerging associations over months and visualized as alluvial diagrams. Finally, temporal link prediction between diseases for the subsequent month based on their trends of occurrence in the previous six months was carried out to predict the emergence and disappearance of associations in the rapidly changing pandemic scenario. Results. Community detection upon dynamical networks clearly demonstrated the emergence of thromboembolic complications as a cluster and dominant theme between March and August 2020. Forecasting of top-K influential entities further allowed prediction of future trends, such as the emergence of psychiatry theme as a central node by February 2021. XGBoost modeling in our proposed temporal link prediction framework achieved an AUC-ROC score of 0.855 for predicting new dis(associations) one month in advance. Visualization of the underlying word-embedding models allowed interactive querying to choose novel keywords and extractive models summarized the research relevant to the keyword, allowing faster knowledge distillation. Conclusion: We provide an explainable AI approach for querying, tracking and predicting novel insights in COVID-19 peer reviewed literature. The EvidenceFlow web-application is publicly available and emerging trends are updated on a monthly basis. Such approaches will be crucial to understand and pre-empt actionable research such as vaccine strategies in the ongoing pandemic.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.14.21249855v1" target="_blank">Predicting Emerging Themes in Rapidly Expanding COVID-19 Literature with Dynamic Word Embedding Networks and Machine Learning</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dexamethasone for COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Dexamethasone<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University of Oklahoma<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The (HD)IVACOV Trial (The High-Dose IVermectin Against COVID-19 Trial)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Ivermectin 0.6mg/kg/day;   Drug: Ivermectin 1.0mg/kg/day;   Drug: Placebo;   Drug: Hydroxychloroquine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Corpometria Institute<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study of ORTD-1 in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Related Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: ORTD-1 low dose;   Drug: ORTD-1 mid dose;   Drug: ORTD-1 high dose;   Other: Vehicle control<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Oryn Therapeutics, LLC<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Rapid Diagnosis of COVID-19 by Chemical Analysis of Exhaled Air</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Diagnostic Test: Performance evaluation (sensitivity and specificity) for COVID-19 diagnosis of the Vocus PTR-TOF process<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Hospices Civils de Lyon<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>IMUNOR® Preparation in the Prevention of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: IMUNOR<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University Hospital Ostrava<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Clinical Experimentation With Tenofovir Disoproxyl Fumarate and Emtricitabine for COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Vitamin C 500 MG Oral Tablet;   Drug: Tenofovir disoproxyl fumarate 300 MG Oral Tablet;   Drug: Tenofovir disoproxyl fumarate 300 MG plus emtricitabine 200 MG Oral Tablet<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Universidade Federal do Ceara;   Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico;   São José Hospital for Infectious Diseases - HSJ;   Central Laboratory of Public Health of Ceará - Lacen-CE<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate MVC-COV1901 Vaccine Against COVID-19 in Adult</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19 Vaccine<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: MVC-COV1901(S protein with adjuvant);   Biological: MVC-COV1901(Saline)<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corp.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Safety and Efficacy of Pyronaridine-artesunate (Pyramax® or Artecom®)in COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Artecom® (pyronaridine-artesunate);   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Shin Poong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of BGE-175 in Participants ≥ 60 Years of Age and Hospitalized With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) That Are Not in Respiratory Failure</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: BGE-175;   Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   BioAge Labs, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy of Ramdicivir and Baricitinib for the Treatment of Severe COVID 19 Patients</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Covid19;   Covid-19 ARDS<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Remdesivir;   Drug: Baricitinib;   Drug: Tocilizumab<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   M Abdur Rahim Medical College and Hospital;   First affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaoting University<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antiseptic Mouth Rinses to Reduce Salivary Viral Load in COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Betadine© bucal 100 mg/ml;   Drug: Oximen® 3%;   Drug: Clorhexidine Dental PHB©;   Drug: Vitis Xtra Forte©;   Drug: Distilled Water<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana;   Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz;   Hospital Universitario General de Villalba;   Hospital Universitario Infanta Elena;   Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca;   Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia;   Dentaid SL<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Effect of Deep Breathing Exercise on Dyspnea, Anxiety and Quality of Life in Patients Treated for COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: Deep Breathing Exercise with Triflo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Ankara University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>RU Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) mAbs in Healthy Volunteers</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: C144-LS and C-135-LS<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Rockefeller University<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pilot Study of Cefditoren Pivoxil in COVID-19 Patients With Mild to Moderate Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19 Pneumonia<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Cefditoren pivoxil 400mg<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Meiji Pharma Spain S.A.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Influence of Covid-19 on the Audio-vestibular System</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Diagnostic Test: Audio-Vestibular evaluation<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   HaEmek Medical Center, Israel<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Micronutrients and bioactive substances: Their potential roles in combating COVID-19</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: The roles of micronutrients and bioactive substances in the fight against COVID-19 are exciting areas of research. This review may suggest directions for further study.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Incomplete humoral response including neutralizing antibodies in asymptomatic to mild COVID-19 patients in Japan</strong> - The pandemic of COVID-19 is still ongoing, and many studies on serum antibodies have been reported, however, there are few studies about asymptomatic and mild patients. In this study, we enrolled 44 COVID-19 patients with relatively mild disease and 48 pre-pandemic controls. We measured serum antibodies against extracellular domain, S1 domain, and receptor-binding domain of Spike and N protein, examined neutralization titers by authentic virus neutralization assay and newly-developed...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Broad-spectrum antivirals of protoporphyrins inhibit the entry of highly pathogenic emerging viruses</strong> - Severe emerging and re-emerging viral infections such as Lassa fever, Avian influenza (AI), and COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 urgently call for new strategies for the development of broad-spectrum antivirals targeting conserved components in the virus life cycle. Viral lipids are essential components, and viral-cell membrane fusion is the required entry step for most unrelated enveloped viruses. In this paper, we identified a porphyrin derivative of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) that showed broad...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>ApoE-Isoform-Dependent SARS-CoV-2 Neurotropism and Cellular Response</strong> - ApoE4, a strong genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease, has been associated with increased risk for severe COVID-19. However, it is unclear whether ApoE4 alters COVID-19 susceptibility or severity, and the role of direct viral infection in brain cells remains obscure. We tested the neurotropism of SARS-CoV2 in human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) models and observed low-grade infection of neurons and astrocytes that is boosted in neuron-astrocyte co-cultures and organoids. We then...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Neutralizing Activity to SARS-CoV-2 of Convalescent and Control Plasma Used in a Randomized Controlled Trial</strong> - BACKGROUND: There are limited data on the neutralizing activity of convalescent plasma (CP) administered in randomized controlled trials (RCT) of COVID-19 infection.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Complement Inhibition in Severe COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome</strong> - Most children with COVID-19 have asymptomatic or mild illness. Those who become critically ill suffer from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute kidney injury (AKI). The rapid deterioration of lung function has been linked to microangiopathic and immune-mediated processes seen in the lungs of adult patients with COVID-19. The role of complement-mediated acute lung injury is supported by animal models of SARS-CoV, evaluation of lung tissue in those who died from COVID-19 and...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Intravenous Immunoglobulin may Reverse Multisystem Inflammation in COVID-19 Pneumonitis and Guillain-Barre Syndrome</strong> - CONCLUSION: While the use of hyperimmune globulin requires a tedious job of collection from convalescent patients with verified and adequate titers, the use of IVIg could be an easier option to modulate the immune storm and faster recovery in SARS-CoV-2.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A proposed molecular mechanism for pathogenesis of severe RNA-viral pulmonary infections</strong> - Background: Certain riboviruses can cause severe pulmonary complications leading to death in some infected patients. We propose that DNA damage induced-apoptosis accelerates viral release, triggered by depletion of host RNA binding proteins (RBPs) from nuclear RNA bound to replicating viral sequences. Methods: Information theory-based analysis of interactions between RBPs and individual sequences in the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Influenza A (H3N2), HIV-1, and...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Inhibition of coronavirus infection by a synthetic STING agonist in primary human airway system</strong> - The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) coronavirus initiated a pneumonia outbreak (COVID-19) that rapidly spread worldwide and quickly became a public health emergency of international concern; However to date, except Remdesivir, there are no clinically approved specific or effective medicines to prevent or treat COVID-19. Therefore, the development of novel treatments against coronavirus infections caused by the current SARS-CoV-2 virus, as well as other...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Quercetin as a potential treatment for COVID-19-induced acute kidney injury: Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking study</strong> - Kidneys are one of the targets for SARS-CoV-2, it is reported that up to 36% of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection would develop into acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is associated with high mortality in the clinical setting and contributes to the transition of AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Up to date, the underlying mechanisms are obscure and there is no effective and specific treatment for COVID-19-induced AKI. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms and interactions between...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pharmacokinetic modelling to estimate intracellular favipiravir ribofuranosyl-5'-triphosphate exposure to support posology for SARS-CoV-2</strong> - CONCLUSION: This modelling approach has several important limitations that are discussed in the main text of the manuscript. However, the simulations indicate that despite rapid clearance of the parent drug from plasma, sufficient intracellular FAVI-RTP may be maintained across the dosing interval because of its long intracellular half-life. Population average intracellular FAVI-RTP concentrations are estimated to maintain the Km for the SARS-CoV-2 polymerase for 3 days following 800 mg BID...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Fever, Diarrhea, and Severe Disease Correlate with High Persistent Antibody Levels against SARS-CoV-2</strong> - Lasting immunity will be critical for overcoming the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, factors that drive the development of high titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and how long those antibodies persist remain unclear. Our objective was to comprehensively evaluate anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a clinically diverse COVID-19 convalescent cohort at defined time points to determine if anti-SARS-CoV-2...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>MVA Vector Vaccines Inhibit SARS CoV-2 Replication in Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts of Transgenic Mice and Prevent Lethal Disease</strong> - Replication-restricted modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is a licensed smallpox vaccine and numerous clinical studies investigating recombinant MVAs (rMVAs) as vectors for prevention of other infectious diseases have been completed or are in progress. Two rMVA COVID-19 vaccine trials are at an initial stage, though no animal protection studies have been reported. Here, we characterize rMVAs expressing the S protein of CoV-2. Modifications of full length S individually or in combination...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 spike downregulates tetherin to enhance viral spread</strong> - The antiviral restriction factor, tetherin, blocks the release of several different families of enveloped viruses, including the Coronaviridae . Tetherin is an interferon-induced protein that forms parallel homodimers between the host cell and viral particles, linking viruses to the surface of infected cells and inhibiting their release. We demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 downregulates tetherin to aid its release from cells, and investigate potential proteins involved in this process. Loss of...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 induces human plasmacytoid pre-dendritic cell diversification via UNC93B and IRAK4</strong> - Several studies have analyzed antiviral immune pathways in late-stage severe COVID-19. However, the initial steps of SARS-CoV-2 antiviral immunity are poorly understood. Here, we have isolated primary SARS-CoV-2 viral strains, and studied their interaction with human plasmacytoid pre-dendritic cells (pDC), a key player in antiviral immunity. We show that pDC are not productively infected by SARS-CoV-2. However, they efficiently diversified into activated P1-, P2-, and P3-pDC effector subsets in...</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 CLASSIFICATION RECOGNITION METHOD BASED ON CT IMAGES OF LUNGS</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU314054415">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A traditional Chinese medicine composition for COVID-19 and/or influenza and preparation method thereof</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU313300659">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Covid 19 - Chewing Gum</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU313269181">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>STOCHASTIC MODEL METHOD TO DETERMINE THE PROBABILITY OF TRANSMISSION OF NOVEL COVID-19</strong> - The present invention is directed to a stochastic model method to assess the risk of spreading the disease and determine the probability of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN313339294">link</a></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Fahrzeuglüftungssystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Fahrzeuglüftungssystems</strong> -
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
</p><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fahrzeuglüftungssystem (1) zum Belüften einer Fahrgastzelle (2) eines Fahrzeugs (3), mit einem Umluftpfad (5). Die Erfindung ist gekennzeichnet durch eine wenigstens abschnittsweise in einen Umluftansaugbereich (4) des Umluftpads (5) hineinreichende Sterilisationseinrichtung (6), wobei die Sterilisationseinrichtung (6) dazu eingerichtet ist von einem aus der Fahrgastzelle (2) entnommenen Luftstrom getragene Schadstoffe zu inaktivieren und/oder abzutöten.</p></li>
</ul>
<img alt="embedded image" id="EMI-D00000"/>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"></p>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=DE313868337">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The use of human serum albumin (HSA) and Cannabigerol (CBG) as active ingredients in a composition for use in the treatment of Coronavirus (Covid-19) and its symptoms</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU313251184">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The use of human serum albumin (HSA) and Cannabigerol (CBG) as active ingredients in a composition for use in the treatment of Coronavirus (Covid-19) and its symptoms</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU313251182">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>"AYURVEDIC PROPRIETARY MEDICINE FOR TREATMENT OF SEVERWE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS 2 (SARS-COV-2."</strong> - AbstractAyurvedic Proprietary Medicine for treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)In one of the aspect of the present invention it is provided that Polyherbal combinations called Coufex (syrup) is prepared as Ayurvedic Proprietary Medicine , Aqueous Extracts Mixing with Sugar Syrup form the following herbal aqueous extract coriandrum sativum was used for the formulation of protek.Further another Polyherbal combination protek as syrup is prepared by the combining an aqueous extract of the medicinal herbs including Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, Aegle marmelos, Zingiber officinale, Ocimum sanctum, Adatoda zeylanica, Piper lingum, Andrographis panivulata, Coriandrum sativum, Tinospora cordiofolia, cuminum cyminum,piper nigrum was used for the formulation of Coufex. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN312324209">link</a></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung</strong> -
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
</p><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung (1), wobei die Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung (1) mindestens an einem Ohr eines Trägers magnetisch befestigbar ist.</p></li>
</ul>
<img alt="embedded image" id="EMI-D00000"/>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"></p>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=DE313866760">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Haptens, hapten conjugates, compositions thereof and method for their preparation and use</strong> - A method for performing a multiplexed diagnostic assay, such as for two or more different targets in a sample, is described. One embodiment comprised contacting the sample with two or more specific binding moieties that bind specifically to two or more different targets. The two or more specific binding moieties are conjugated to different haptens, and at least one of the haptens is an oxazole, a pyrazole, a thiazole, a nitroaryl compound other than dinitrophenyl, a benzofurazan, a triterpene, a urea, a thiourea, a rotenoid, a coumarin, a cyclolignan, a heterobiaryl, an azo aryl, or a benzodiazepine. The sample is contacted with two or more different anti-hapten antibodies that can be detected separately. The two or more different anti-hapten antibodies may be conjugated to different detectable labels. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU311608060">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Trump’s Financial Troubles May Be Just Beginning</strong> - The President’s decision to attempt a “self-coup” came at what was already a fraught time for the Trump Organization. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/donald-trumps-financial-troubles-may-be-just-beginning">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Living in the Age of the White Mob</strong> - The attack on the Capitol shows that white riotous violence, brutally epitomized by the Tulsa Race Massacre, has never been relegated to history. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/living-in-the-age-of-the-white-mob">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Trial of Donald Trump Must Tell the Full Story of the Capitol Insurrection</strong> - We need a truth-finding mission rather than just a punitive undertaking, and it requires the support of President-elect Biden. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-trial-of-donald-trump-must-tell-the-full-story-of-the-capitol-insurrection">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>New York City’s Clown-Car Mayoral Race</strong> - More than thirty-five people are running for mayor. Does that bode well for the voters? - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-local-correspondents/new-york-citys-clown-car-mayoral-race">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Importance, and Incoherence, of Twitter’s Trump Ban</strong> - The horrific optics of January 6th shocked Twitter and other platforms into action. But any ban, no matter how prominent, is still a relatively superficial intervention, because it doesn’t change the platform’s underlying architecture. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-importance-and-incoherence-of-twitters-trump-ban">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The warning signs before the Capitol riot</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/x2mYIL0GZ5J48KKGZD0NxeZzZAM=/240x0:1680x1080/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68677612/VDC_NWS_064_capitol_riot_cleanThumb.0.jpg"/>
</figure></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
No one should have been surprised.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rAecIE">
Law enforcement agencies have said they had <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/capitol-police-official-tells-congress-he-saw-no-fbi-intelligence-n1254075">“no intelligence”</a> indicating that a group of Trump supporters would overpower police and break into the US Capitol building on January 6, 2021. But journalists and researchers who study the online far right say that’s not true. In fact, the groups at the heart of the riot had been planning it for days, in plain sight, on social media.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Pf4gNN">
In this video, Logan Jaffe of ProPublica and Robert Evans of Bellingcat describe the warning signs they observed weeks, months, and even years before a mob of Trump supporters broke into the Capitol.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2Q6VRP">
Sources
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6jY6nx">
ProPublica: <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/several-well-known-hate-groups-identified-at-capitol-riot">Members of Several Well-Known Hate Groups Identified at Capitol Riot</a>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MErve4">
ProPublica: <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/capitol-rioters-planned-for-weeks-in-plain-sight-the-police-werent-ready">Capitol Rioters Planned for Weeks in Plain Sight. The Police Weren’t Ready.</a>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="W6hCdA">
Bellingcat: <a href="https://www.bellingcat.com/news/americas/2021/01/05/how-the-insurgent-and-maga-right-are-being-welded-together-on-the-streets-of-washington-d-c/">How the Insurgent and MAGA Right are Being Welded Together on the Streets of Washington D.C.</a>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="l0EdBt">
Vox: <a href="https://www.vox.com/22224765/capitol-riot-dc-police-officers">Police bias explains the Capitol riot</a>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GAjyWv">
Vox: <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/1/9/22222375/democrats-ryan-investigate-capitol-security-failings-trump-riot">Where things stand with the investigation into Capitol security failings</a>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="PUVkXq">
</p>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A close read of Promising Young Woman’s brilliant, divisive ending</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="Cassie stands on the road amid the detritus of her attack on a hostile male driver." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/SPBbHC6mBHufIWnAVbCxve0zhMU=/804x0:5679x3656/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68676658/promising_young_woman_035b_4148_D013_00222_RC_rgb.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Carey Mulligan stars as Cassie in <em>Promising Young Woman.</em> | Merie Weismiller Wallace, SMPSP
</figcaption>
</figure></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
How you feel about the ending likely depends on what genre you think the movie is in.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MuTvQZ">
You might love the new Carey Mulligan movie <a href="https://www.vox.com/22205072/promising-young-woman-review-carey-mulligan"><em>Promising Young Woman</em></a>. You might hate it. You might be indifferent to it. But one thing seems almost certain: You will have strong feelings about its ending.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Upx359">
Most of <em>Promising Young Woman</em> seems like a clever riff on exploitation films, where someone who’s been wronged has their revenge. Mulligan plays Cassie, whose best friend, Nina, was raped when the two were in medical school. Though Nina reported the rape and though there was video evidence, no one at the school took her claims seriously and punished the perpetrators. Both Nina and Cassie left school, and it’s heavily implied that Nina later died by suicide.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qJ68Cf">
Now, Cassie routinely avenges Nina by going to bars and pretending to be drunk. Inevitably, a man takes her home, and inevitably, he tries to sleep with her without her clear consent. Before he is able to, she reveals her ruse, talking to him cogently and terrifying him at the thought of what he just almost did. (Inevitably, the men try to turn their predicament back on Cassie, but the movie doesn’t take their pushback seriously, to its credit.)
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GJJ9NS">
Cassie’s plan also involves more direct revenge on the people she blames for Nina’s death, including a former friend who left the two of them high and dry, the lawyer who defended Nina’s rapist in court, and the college’s dean. But the person at the top of Cassie’s list, as you’d expect, is Nina’s rapist, Al. And Al is about to have a bachelor party.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dVtNfQ">
Major spoilers for <em>Promising Young Woman</em> follow.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<pre><code> &lt;img alt="Image of a spoiler warning" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/uPQF4l3Wvpgo7pB7TTD6_3CasSQ=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/8565937/spoilers_below.png" /&gt;</code></pre>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mTWAyJ">
Cassie gets the location of Al’s party from Ryan, the guy she is dating for much of the film, until she realizes that he, too, didn’t do anything to help Nina as she was being raped in front of numerous people at a party. (<em>Promising Young Woman</em> never once depicts what happened to Nina, nor does it really say what happened, but you understand precisely what transpired all the same because Nina’s story is so sadly common in our own world.)
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cx6DZF">
So Cassie disguises herself as a stripper and shows up at Al’s bachelor party, where she will carry out her final act of revenge: carving Nina’s name into Al’s skin after she handcuffs him to the bed.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Qzwwyj">
But things don’t go according to plan. And that’s when the movie goes from good to great for me — and loses many other people.
</p>
<h3 id="q863Fg">
It feels like <em>Promising Young Woman</em>’s entire plot was reverse-engineered from what happens at the end
</h3>
<figure class="e-image">
<pre><code> &lt;img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/FKXhHWnuvBVa8sIdGpXOsT7hAtA=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22238981/promising_young_woman_230_PYW_FP_017_rgb.jpg" /&gt;
&lt;cite&gt;Courtesy of Focus Features&lt;/cite&gt;
&lt;figcaption&gt;The presence of Max Greenfield as Joe gives the last section of this movie the feel of a &lt;em&gt;New Girl &lt;/em&gt;episode gone terribly wrong.&lt;/figcaption&gt;</code></pre>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WwTvI4">
So here’s what happens: Al breaks free of his restraints, and he smothers Cassie with a pillow. She dies. The movie then shifts perspective to follow Al and his friend Joe as they attempt to cover up their crime. Later, at Al’s wedding, the final act of Cassie’s plan unfolds as the cops show up to arrest Al for Cassie’s murder. She had sent the location of the bachelor party to the remorseful lawyer who once defended Al in the rape case, with a heads up that she planned to be there, in the event that she disappeared. He contacted the police. Al went to jail after all.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yp8Hpr">
Those developments are a lot to cram into the last 15 minutes of a movie, even when you accept that <em>Promising Young Woman</em> has already crammed a lot of other incidents into its story before that. But seeing Cassie’s death made me realize just what writer/director Emerald Fennell had been up to all along: She was forcing us to see just how thoroughly the point of view of guys like Al has suffused our pop culture.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="vUy8mc">
“Bachelor party goes south when the stripper and/or sex worker dies” is <a href="https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/DisposableSexWorker">a cliché at this point</a>, but most stories of this particular stripe are told from the point of view of the bachelor party attendees, not that of the stripper or sex worker. Because <em>Promising Young Woman</em> is so thoroughly centered on Cassie, the sudden shift to a storyline that feels like it belongs to another movie entirely is incredibly jarring. Yet that jarring quality has a purpose: It helps viewers realize that the more typical version of this film would turn the stripper into a disposable corpse — it would <em>never</em> allow her to be the protagonist.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4mUS48">
“What does this story look like from the point of view of one of the minor characters?” is a useful question for any writer to ask themselves about what they’re writing. But what Fennell has done in <em>Promising Young Woman</em> is focus on an entire trope via the point of view of the person most often treated as a sacrifice that’s necessary to get the plot going.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HrnJco">
In fact, I would be very surprised if <em>Promising Young Woman</em> wasn’t reverse-engineered, just a little bit, from “What does the story of the stripper who dies at the bachelor party look like if it’s told from the stripper’s point of view?” By forcibly reminding us of whose story this would normally be — namely Al and Joe’s — <em>Promising Young Woman</em> needles the audience just a bit to reconsider all the nameless women’s corpses we’ve seen in other films and TV shows, the ones that kick off a story about the men in their vague proximity, sometimes the men who actually killed those women.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="07b5Um">
It also dares us to shift our empathy from Cassie to Al or Joe with this choice. Audiences have a tendency to cut a protagonist a lot of slack, and once Cassie is dead, <em>Promising Young Woman</em> lacks a protagonist entirely. Al could step in to fill that void. After all, none of us would want a vengeful woman to carve her best friend’s name into our skin.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Rkb1Sx">
That’s why the movie’s ending — where Cassie sends Al to prison from beyond the grave — is so very important. Without it, the movie wouldn’t just end on a downer note; it would actively undercut everything that happened before and risk leaving viewers with the primary memory of yet another terrible man getting away with a terrible thing.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tRsU4t">
But, yeah, the final steps of Cassie’s plan are a little implausible. Or are they?
</p>
<h3 id="tbE7RL">
The question of what genre <em>Promising Young Woman </em>belongs to is very important to its ending
</h3>
<figure class="e-image">
<pre><code> &lt;img alt="In a Day-Glo wig, chomping on bubble gum, Cassie unveils the final steps of her plan." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/fxTou-B40milGFoHkZIe_7NoJBQ=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22238985/promising_young_woman_005_PYW_FP_016_R_rgb.jpg" /&gt;
&lt;cite&gt;Courtesy of Focus Features&lt;/cite&gt;
&lt;figcaption&gt;Cassie’s story straddles three separate genres at once.&lt;/figcaption&gt;</code></pre>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rjwUq1">
Before <em>Promising Young Woman</em> becomes a movie about a bachelor party gone wrong, it nimbly hops between three very different genres: the romantic comedy, the exploitation thriller, and the character study. The genre it most properly belongs to is the lattermost, as the action of the film is mostly devoted to trying to figure out just what makes Cassie tick. But figuring out what makes Cassie tick requires following her as she terrifies the guys who take her home from the bar or confronts the people she holds responsible for Nina’s death (the movie’s exploitation thriller plot). And then it also requires seeing who Cassie is within the context of her relationship with Ryan (its rom-com side).
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="g47KXH">
But <em>Promising Young Woman</em>’s concluding moments, when Cassie’s plan brings down Al at his own wedding, the movie places all of its chips on exploitation thriller. The rom-com is over, with Ryan having been found to be just as shitty as all the other guys. And since Cassie is dead, the character study is over, too, because we can no longer get further insight into her. Indeed, if the movie were a pure character study, Al and Joe would have likely gotten away with murder. But because <em>Promising Young Woman</em> has an exploitation thriller card left up its sleeve, it pulls off one last trick.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jAWDsF">
Exploitation thrillers often involve traditionally disadvantaged people taking on the people who wield all the power. Cassie, for instance, is a woman fighting back against rape culture and the patriarchy, so the people she takes on are shitty drunken dudes who fancy themselves nice guys. Exploitation thrillers almost always end with some sort of victory for the hero, no matter how quixotic. Even if the hero dies, some justice will be done. (Another famous example, from another movie that uses the trappings of the exploitation thriller to its own ends: <em>Kill Bill</em>, which ends with its hero driving off into the sunset after killing everyone who used, abused, and oppressed her.)
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QPb9dI">
An exploitation thriller ending is precisely the ending that <em>Promising Young Woman</em> serves up. Many viewers might balk at the fact that a lot of stuff has to go right for Cassie’s plan to work: She has to hope the lawyer will do the right thing, she has to hope the cops will take a message from beyond the grave seriously, she even has to schedule a series of texts to send to Ryan (who is attending Al’s wedding) at precisely the right moment for maximum dramatic impact.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GXgIPT">
In the context of an exploitation thriller, all of this is totally reasonable. <em>Promising Young Woman</em>’s cascading end sequence is no more unbelievable than, say, Cassie going home with dozens of men, humiliating and scaring them, then encountering no issues beyond the guys getting mad at her. Within this genre, the rules of reality are justifiably stretched just a little bit.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hbConO">
I have a test that I sometimes apply to works of fiction, especially movies. I call it the “Would This Be A Movie Otherwise?” test. By this I mean that if I find something that happens in a movie implausible but not impossible, I consider whether the movie would be as successful without it. Cassie’s plan coming together definitely stretches credulity, but you can also explain, more or less, how she pulls it off. It’s implausible but not impossible. And to my mind, Cassie’s story wouldn’t really make for much of a movie without her posthumous revenge. Her death would have ultimately displayed just how disposable women are in a world run by men, a point that <em>Promising Young Woman</em> has made and subverted many times over by the time she dies.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="A30i1K">
If we imagine the events of this movie happening in real life, the only way they would rise to the level of a story that would, say, make the national news (or at least one of the more popular unusual news subreddits) would be if Cassie actually pulled off the film’s improbable denouement. Therefore, <em>Promising Young Woman</em> wouldn’t be a movie without its final moments. They put a bow on something that resolutely refused to have a bow put on it for most of its running time.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Z14lVi">
If that all feels a little like writing an entire math class story problem backward from its answer, well, it is. Sort of. Fennell contorts several events in her movie to arrive at its final scene, an approach that feels like a cheat in a character study but plays as triumphant in an exploitation thriller.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kdZwQ0">
But I think that’s also key to her larger point. The world we live in and the stories we tell are so biased toward the point of view of blandly likable, straight, white, cis guys that we have to imagine a hyper-intelligent woman with an unquenchable thirst for revenge striking back at them from beyond the grave to contemplate anything like justice. So what does that say about the world we live in and the stories we tell?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2oRHXF">
</p>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Up to 25,000 National Guard troops are headed to DC. It’s unclear why so many are needed.</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/Bw3xzcS0pBo-HqbDFTc5rzgjReM=/0x0:3445x2584/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68676265/1230594401.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Members of the National Guard walk outside the US Capitol on January 14, 2021, in Washington, DC. There may be up to 25,000 total on President-elect Joe Biden’s Inauguration Day. | Matt McClain/The Washington Post via Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Maybe it’s the right amount to protect the US Capitol on Inauguration Day. Or too few. Or too many.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7Yn8SA">
The Pentagon has authorized up to <a href="https://www.nationalguard.mil/Resources/Press-Releases/Article/2474123/25k-authorized-50-states-three-territories-and-dc-supporting-presidential-inaug/">25,000 National Guard members</a> to help secure Washington, DC, for President-elect Joe Biden’s Inauguration Day. That’s in addition to the thousands of US Secret Service, Capitol Police, and DC police that will be out in force for the event.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rtXEUb">
That’s a massive security presence. For comparison, that’s about half the entire number of US troops <a href="https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2020/11/e5cd0cfded92-japan-us-start-formal-talks-on-costs-to-host-american-troops.html">currently stationed in Japan</a>. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/06/world/asia/06reconstruct.html">President Barack Obama’s “surge”</a> of additional US troops to Afghanistan in late 2009 consisted of 30,000 troops.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="f7Ij9x">
And so far, nobody — from the US Secret Service to the FBI to the National Guard itself — has provided a clear reason for why such a huge force is necessary to secure the nation’s capital.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RHh5qj">
At a press conference on Friday, Matt Miller, agent in charge of the Secret Service’s Washington field office, <a href="https://twitter.com/jseldin/status/1350130847417053190?s=20">told reporters</a>, “We cannot allow a recurrence” of the kind of violence seen at the US Capitol insurrection last week.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="55Z2Ce">
Yet no one I spoke with on Friday would explain why 25,000 National Guard troops were needed to prevent such a recurrence.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WeaT9C">
The National Guard sent me to the Secret Service. Secret Service spokesperson Justine Whelan said the force doesn’t comment on “means and methods.” When I followed up about wanting to know about the threat, not means or methods, she said, “I consider the way in which operational decisions are considered and made, in consultation with our partners, to be a method.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DapoOt">
The FBI directed me to comments made by <a href="https://www.fbi.gov/news/pressrel/press-releases/fbi-director-christopher-wrays-remarks-at-briefing-on-inauguration-security">FBI Director Christopher Wray</a> in a briefing with Vice President Mike Pence on Thursday, in which Wray said, “We are seeing an extensive amount of concerning online chatter — that’s the best way I would describe it — about a number of events surrounding the inauguration.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="etpPvu">
The office of Washington Mayor <a href="https://apnews.com/article/biden-inauguration-dc-lockdown-4d8ddcb1530851c6721b9301e455e39a">Muriel Bowser</a> and the city’s police department didn’t immediately respond to requests for comment. However, the mayor on Friday said, at that same press conference where Miller spoke, “Clearly, we are in uncharted waters.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zrL73S">
Right now, roughly <a href="https://www.nationalguard.mil/Resources/Press-Releases/Article/2474123/25k-authorized-50-states-three-territories-and-dc-supporting-presidential-inaug/">7,000 National Guard members</a> surround the Capitol behind a sprawling unscalable fence alongside federal law enforcement like the Secret Service — which is in charge of security on Inauguration Day — and local forces like Washington’s police.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kcyaTf">
Together, they have set up a wide perimeter around the Capitol and the National Mall, making it nearly impossible for any unauthorized vehicle or person to get within blocks of the main building.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="w0aYiL">
I know this because I walked around the entirety of the perimeter twice this week. I can safely report that what’s already in place is a veritable fortress, and it’s hard to imagine anyone successfully overcoming the armed guards like the Trump-friendly crowd did on January 6.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KMIM2s">
Even so, federal officials seem worried about potential violence as Biden is sworn into office. His <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2021/01/14/biden-team-postpones-inauguration-rehearsal-due-to-security-threats-459538">inauguration rehearsal</a>, originally planned for Sunday, was postponed over security concerns. The <a href="https://www.wusa9.com/article/news/national/capitol-riots/inauguration-2021-secure-military-zone/65-c1c7b427-7389-4848-ad06-2fdee89c440f">National Mall is closed</a> until January 21.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="UY8WKJ">
A robust security presence around the Capitol is certainly warranted given the potential threats <a href="https://www.vox.com/22226957/extremists-insurrection-inauguration-riots-rallies">we already know about</a>. The plan could be to ensure there’s more than enough security around the inauguration to quickly stamp out any potential threat. It could also be a deterrence measure: A large-enough force might dissuade anyone with violent designs from attempting an attack.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Llf6I4">
The problem is the public simply doesn’t know the real plan or the true extent of the threat. Having 25,000 National Guard members in place — added to all the fencing and local and federal law enforcement — might be the right amount. Or not enough, which would be concerning. Or too much, which would be a failure to adequately assess the situation and a major nuisance for DC residents.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IyFe9E">
The only people who would give me anything resembling an assessment were three members of the New York National Guard who were protecting the Capitol on Friday, who spoke to me on the condition of anonymity to speak freely and avoid retribution. They said that, as of now, they don’t feel more National Guard members are needed to protect the Capitol.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tLqXR1">
More could also exacerbate another problem: The Covid-19 pandemic. The New York National Guard members said they weren’t getting tested before going on duty and would go through two weeks of quarantine when they head home. It’s possible, then, that a larger military presence could lead to a greater chance of infection among the ranks.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FECfIW">
None of this is to say all these agencies are trying to jealously guard information. They may simply want to keep details that could be helpful to armed rioters out of the public domain or not derail any of their intelligence-gathering strategies.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BQl5zZ">
Still, it’d be nice to have a clear understanding of why 25,000 National Guard members need to be deployed to the nation’s capital to secure the transfer of power.
</p>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Aus vs Ind | Indian fan complains of racism at SCG during third Test</strong> - Spectator complains of racial profiling and unjustified frisking by security officials.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Aus vs Ind fourth Test | No regret of playing that shot off Lyon, I will keep playing such strokes, says Rohit Sharma</strong> - India were 62 for two at stumps when Rohit could have gone for a big score after a good start.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>South Africa in Pakistan for 1st test series since 2007</strong> - South Africa's cricket team arrived in the southern port city of Karachi on Saturday to play test matches in Pakistan for the first time in nearly 1</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Aus. vs. India fourth Test | Rohit’s dismissal puts India on backfoot after rookie attack restricts Australia to 369 on second day</strong> - Going by statistics, Australia have never lost a Test match at the Gabba after scoring 350 in the first innings.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Focused on management, Rooney leaves iconic legacy</strong> - Rooney joined Derby as a player-coach last January before succeeding sacked by Phillip Cocu.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Coronavirus | India under PM Modi has fought most successful battle against COVID-19 in the world: Amit Shah</strong> - Earlier, Mr. Shah laid the foundation stone of a new battalion campus of the Rapid Action Force (RAF) near Bhadravathi in Shivamogga district</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Plea filed before Bombay HC on Bharat Biotech’s ‘Covaxin’</strong> - ‘The company has not published the findings and data of their Phase 2 and ongoing Phase 3 trials in any paper’</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Newsprint cost up 20% in last 3 months, publishers seek waiver in customs duty</strong> - It is estimated that the print media would take two or three years to recover from the current situation, the INS added.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Merge Trinamool with Congress to fight BJP, Adhir tells Mamata</strong> - His observation comes in the wake of defections from her party to BJP.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Orvakal Airport gets DCGA approval</strong> - District Collector G. Veerapandian in a release on Saturday said that the DGCA approval was granted through a certificate on Friday</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Armin Laschet elected leader of Merkel's CDU party</strong> - Centrist Armin Laschet is now in a good position to succeed Angela Merkel as Germany's chancellor.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Coronavirus: EU anger over delayed Pfizer vaccine deliveries</strong> - Many EU countries are receiving significantly fewer doses due to a change in manufacturing processes.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dutch Rutte government resigns over child welfare fraud scandal</strong> - Mark Rutte's cabinet resigns after families were wrongly accused and many faced financial problems.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Nazi Buchenwald camp no place for sledging, authorities warn</strong> - German officials say some people have used Buchenwald mass graves as a toboggan run.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>German sports doctor jailed over blood doping scandal</strong> - Mark Schmidt masterminded an international doping ring exposed by police in "Operation Aderlass".</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The local politics of AirBNB’s ban on DC rentals</strong> - Traumatized residents, city officials fear a repeat of January 6 insurrection. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1735519">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hackers alter stolen regulatory data to sow mistrust in COVID-19 vaccine</strong> - Post titled “Astonishing fraud! Evil Pfffizer! Fake vaccines!” found on the dark Web. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1735585">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>With Trump’s vaccine rollout in chaos, Biden unveils five-point plan</strong> - "We will manage the hell out of this operation," Biden vowed. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1735587">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Wandavision premieres in ways that would never work on ABC—and that’s great</strong> - Disney+ take on Marvel TV is a massive zag from Netflix's zig—and we're intrigued. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1735536">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Report: Xbox’s “instant on” feature could consume 4 billion kWh by 2025 [Updated]</strong> - NRDC: Series S/X option will result in 3 million tons of CO2 in five years. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1735530">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>"Do not touch"</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Must be the scariest thing to read in Braille.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Monisand"> /u/Monisand </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kydzai/do_not_touch/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kydzai/do_not_touch/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>For Christmas, I bought my wife a world map and gave her a dart. I told her to throw it and wherever it lands, we will go on vacation after this pandemic is over.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Turns out we are spending two weeks behind the fridge.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Dadd_io"> /u/Dadd_io </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ky9jg2/for_christmas_i_bought_my_wife_a_world_map_and/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ky9jg2/for_christmas_i_bought_my_wife_a_world_map_and/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>God asks Adam “Where is Eve?”</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Adam says “she’s at the river washing her pussy”.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
God says “Damn you, Adam. I’m never gonna be able to get that smell off the fishes again...”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/TriloBlitz"> /u/TriloBlitz </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ky1qa9/god_asks_adam_where_is_eve/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ky1qa9/god_asks_adam_where_is_eve/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>What happens when you don't get any upvotes on your cake day....</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
You feel desserted.
</p>
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<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/KingGug"> /u/KingGug </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ky2672/what_happens_when_you_dont_get_any_upvotes_on/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ky2672/what_happens_when_you_dont_get_any_upvotes_on/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>I told my wife I was making a bicycle out of spaghetti. She didn't believe me...</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Until I rode pasta.
</p>
</div>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/IRBigAl"> /u/IRBigAl </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kxuesg/i_told_my_wife_i_was_making_a_bicycle_out_of/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kxuesg/i_told_my_wife_i_was_making_a_bicycle_out_of/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
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