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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Old minds, new marketplaces: How evolved psychological mechanisms trigger mismatched consumption responses</strong> -
<div>
The national lockdowns related to the COVID-19 pandemic revealed that few days of limited travel and consumption are enough to improve air quality worldwide, thus contributing to sustainable development. But under regular circumstances, shoppers are reluctant to change their consumption habits for the common good. Why is that? To answer this question, we delineate proximate and ultimate explanations of consumer behavior. The former—pervasive in the marketing literature—focuses on how behaviors occur, whereas the latter—underrepresented in marketing thought and practice—focuses on why human evolution fashioned such behaviors. The evolutionary approach to consumer behavior considers both explanations. We draw on the fundamental motives framework, which explains why certain behaviors—often irrational at first glance—solve specific adaptive problems found in ancestral and modern societies. Finally, we show how evolutionary mismatches—where mechanisms solving adaptive problems in ancient times produce maladaptive outcomes nowadays—distort optimal and sustainable decision-making in three domains: voting, buying status-signaling goods, and food consumption. We conclude by showing how to apply the law of law's leverage to facilitate cost-effective policymaking.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/sp8zm/" target="_blank">Old minds, new marketplaces: How evolved psychological mechanisms trigger mismatched consumption responses</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 spike protein arrested in the closed state induces potent neutralizing responses</strong> -
<div>
The majority of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in use or in advanced clinical development are based on the viral spike protein (S) as their immunogen. S is present on virions as pre-fusion trimers in which the receptor binding domain (RBD) is stochastically open or closed. Neutralizing antibodies have been described that act against both open and closed conformations. The long-term success of vaccination strategies will depend upon inducing antibodies that provide long-lasting broad immunity against evolving, circulating SARS-CoV-2 strains, while avoiding the risk of antibody dependent enhancement as observed with other Coronavirus vaccines. Here we have assessed the results of immunization in a mouse model using an S protein trimer that is arrested in the closed state to prevent exposure of the receptor binding site and therefore interaction with the receptor. We compared this with a range of other modified S protein constructs, including representatives used in current vaccines. We found that all trimeric S proteins induce a long-lived, strongly neutralizing antibody response as well as T-cell responses. Notably, the protein binding properties of sera induced by the closed spike differed from those induced by standard S protein constructs. Closed S proteins induced more potent neutralising responses than expected based on the degree to which they inhibit interactions between the RBD and ACE2. These observations suggest that closed spikes recruit different, but equally potent, virus-inhibiting immune responses than open spikes, and that this is likely to include neutralizing antibodies against conformational epitopes present in the closed conformation. Together with their improved stability and storage properties we suggest that closed spikes may be a valuable component of refined, next-generation vaccines.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.14.426695v1" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 spike protein arrested in the closed state induces potent neutralizing responses</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Mutation rates and selection on synonymous mutations in SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
<div>
The COVID-19 pandemic has seen an unprecedented response from the sequencing community. Leveraging the sequence data from more than 140,000 SARS-CoV-2 genomes, we study mutation rates and selective pressures affecting the virus. Understanding the processes and effects of mutation and selection has profound implications for the study of viral evolution, for vaccine design, and for the tracking of viral spread. We highlight and address some common genome sequence analysis pitfalls that can lead to inaccurate inference of mutation rates and selection, such as ignoring skews in the genetic code, not accounting for recurrent mutations, and assuming evolutionary equilibrium. We find that two particular mutation rates, G[-&gt;]U and C[-&gt;]U, are similarly elevated and considerably higher than all other mutation rates, causing the majority of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome, and are possibly the result of APOBEC and ROS activity. These mutations also tend to occur many times at the same genome positions along the global SARS-CoV-2 phylogeny (i.e., they are very homoplasic). We observe an effect of genomic context on mutation rates, but the effect of the context is overall limited. While previous studies have suggested selection acting to decrease U content at synonymous sites, we bring forward evidence suggesting the opposite.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.14.426705v1" target="_blank">Mutation rates and selection on synonymous mutations in SARS-CoV-2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in kept ferrets, Spain</strong> -
<div>
We found SARS-CoV-2 RNA in 6 of 71 ferrets (8.4%) and isolated the virus from one rectal swab. Natural SARS-CoV-2 infection does occur in kept ferrets, at least under circumstances of high viral circulation in the human population. However, small ferret collections are probably unable to maintain prolonged virus circulation.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.14.426652v1" target="_blank">Natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in kept ferrets, Spain</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Anti-CoVid19 plasmid DNA vaccine induces a potent immune response in rodents by Pyro-drive Jet Injector intradermal inoculation</strong> -
<div>
There is an urgent need to limit and stop the worldwide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic via quick development of efficient and safe vaccination methods. Plasmid DNA vaccines are one of the most remarkable vaccines that can be developed in a short term. pVAX1-SARS-CoV2-co, which is a plasmid DNA vaccine, was designed to express severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein. The produced antibodies lead to Immunoreactions against S protein, anti-receptor-binding-domain, and neutralizing action of pVAX1-SARS-CoV2-co, as confirmed in a previous study. To promote the efficacy of the pVAX1-SARS-CoV2-co vaccine, a pyro-drive jet injector (PJI) was employed. PJI is an injection device that can adjust the injection pressure depending on various target tissues. Intradermally-adjusted PJI demonstrated that pVAX1-SARS-CoV2-co vaccine injection caused a strong production of anti-S protein antibodies, triggered immunoreactions and neutralizing actions against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, a high dose of pVAX1-SARS-CoV2-co intradermal injection via PJI did not cause any serious disorders in the rat model. Finally, virus infection challenge in mice, confirmed that intradermally immunized (via PJI) mice were potently protected from COVID-19 infection. Thus, pVAX1-SARS-CoV2-co intradermal injection via PJI is a safe and promising vaccination method to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.13.426436v1" target="_blank">Anti-CoVid19 plasmid DNA vaccine induces a potent immune response in rodents by Pyro-drive Jet Injector intradermal inoculation</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Surveillance of genetic diversity and evolution in locally transmitted SARS-CoV-2 in Pakistan during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic</strong> -
<div>
Surveillance of genetic diversity in the SARS-CoV-2 is extremely important to detect the emergence of more infectious and deadly strains of the virus. In this study, we monitored mutational events in the SARS-CoV-2 genome through whole genome sequencing. The samples (n=48) were collected from the hot spot regions of the metropolitan city Karachi, Pakistan during the four months (May 2020 to August 2020) of first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The data analysis highlighted 122 mutations, including 120 single nucleotide variations (SNV), and 2 deletions. Among the 122 mutations, there were 71 singletons, and 51 recurrent mutations. A total of 16 mutations, including 5 nonsynonymous mutations, were detected in spike protein. Notably, the spike protein missense mutation D614G was observed in 31 genomes. The phylogenetic analysis revealed majority of the genomes (36) classified as B lineage, where 2 genomes were from B.6 lineage, 5 genomes from B.1 ancestral lineage and remaining from B.1 sub-lineages. It was noteworthy that three clusters of B.1 sub-lineages were observed, including B.1.36 lineage (10 genomes), B.1.160 lineage (11 genomes), and B.1.255 lineage (5 genomes), which represent independent events of SARS-CoV-2 transmission within the city. The sub-lineage B.1.36 had higher representation from the Asian countries and the UK, B.1.160 correspond to the European countries with highest representation from the UK, Denmark, and lesser representation from India, Saudi Arabia, France and Switzerland, and the third sub-lineage (B.1.255) correspond to the USA. Collectively, our study provides meaningful insight into the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in spatio-temporal local transmission during the first wave of the pandemic.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.13.426548v1" target="_blank">Surveillance of genetic diversity and evolution in locally transmitted SARS-CoV-2 in Pakistan during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The lethal triad: SARS-CoV-2 Spike, ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Mutations in host and pathogen may affect the course of pandemic.</strong> -
<div>
Variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been identified rapidly after the beginning of pandemic. One of them, involving the spike protein and called D614G, represents a substantial percentage of currently isolated strains. While research on this variant was ongoing worldwide, on December 20th 2020 the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control reported a Threat Assessment Brief describing the emergence of a new variant of SARS-CoV-2, named B.1.1.7, harboring multiple mutations mostly affecting the Spike protein. This viral variant has been recently associated with a rapid increase in COVID-19 cases in South East England, with alarming implications for future virus transmission rates. Specifically, of the nine amino acid replacements that characterize the Spike in the emerging variant, four are found in the region between the Fusion Peptide and the RBD domain (namely the already known D614G, together with A570D, P681H, T716I), and one, N501Y, is found in the Spike Receptor Binding Domain-Receptor Binding Motif (RBD-RBM). In this study, by using in silico biology, we provide evidence that these amino acid replacements have dramatic effects on the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 Spike and the host ACE2 receptor or TMPRSS2, the protease that induces the fusogenic activity of Spike. Mostly, we show that these effects are strongly dependent on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphism, suggesting that dynamics of pandemics are strongly influenced not only by virus variation but also by host genetic background.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.12.426365v1" target="_blank">The lethal triad: SARS-CoV-2 Spike, ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Mutations in host and pathogen may affect the course of pandemic.</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>A highly thermotolerant, trimeric SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain derivative elicits high titers of neutralizing antibodies</strong> -
<div>
The Receptor Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 is the primary target of neutralizing antibodies. We fused our previously described, highly thermotolerant glycan engineered monomeric RBD to a heterologous non-immunogenic trimerization domain derived from cartilage matrix protein. The protein was expressed at a good yield of ~80-100 mg/liter in Expi293 cells, as well as in both CHO and HEK293 stable cell lines. The designed trimeric RBD was observed to form homogeneous disulfide-linked trimers. When lyophilized, the trimer possessed remarkable functional stability to transient thermal stress of upto 100 {degrees}C and was stable to long term storage of over 4 weeks at 37 {degrees}C. Two immunizations with an AddaVax adjuvanted formulation elicited antibodies with high endpoint neutralizing titers against replicative virus with geometric mean titers of ~1114 and 1940 in guinea pigs and mice respectively. In pseudoviral assays, corresponding titers were ~3600 and ~16050, while the corresponding value for human convalescent sera was 137. Similar results were obtained with an Alhydrogel, CpG combination adjuvant. The same immunogen was expressed in Pichia pastoris, but this formed high molecular weight aggregates and elicited much lower ACE2 competing antibodies than mammalian cell expressed protein. The excellent thermotolerance, high yield, and robust immunogenicity of such trimeric RBD immunogens suggest that they are a promising modality to combat COVID-19.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.13.426626v1" target="_blank">A highly thermotolerant, trimeric SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain derivative elicits high titers of neutralizing antibodies</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Susceptibility of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
<div>
The origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing the global coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, remains a mystery. Current evidence suggests a likely spillover into humans from an animal reservoir. Understanding the host range and identifying animal species that are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection may help to elucidate the origin of the virus and the mechanisms underlying cross-species transmission to humans. Here we demonstrated that white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), an animal species in which the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) - the SARS-CoV-2 receptor - shares a high degree of similarity to humans, are highly susceptible to infection. Intranasal inoculation of deer fawns with SARS-CoV-2 resulted in established subclinical viral infection and shedding of infectious virus in nasal secretions. Notably, infected animals transmitted the virus to non-inoculated contact deer. Viral RNA was detected in multiple tissues 21 days post-inoculation (pi). All inoculated and indirect contact animals seroconverted and developed neutralizing antibodies as early as day 7 pi. The work provides important insights into the animal host range of SARS-CoV-2 and identifies white-tailed deer as a susceptible wild animal species to the virus.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.13.426628v1" target="_blank">Susceptibility of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to SARS-CoV-2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>N-terminal domain antigenic mapping reveals a site of vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
<div>
SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells is orchestrated by the spike (S) glycoprotein that contains an immunodominant receptor-binding domain (RBD) targeted by the largest fraction of neutralizing antibodies (Abs) in COVID-19 patient plasma. Little is known about neutralizing Abs binding to epitopes outside the RBD and their contribution to protection. Here, we describe 41 human monoclonal Abs (mAbs) derived from memory B cells, which recognize the SARS-CoV-2 S N-terminal domain (NTD) and show that a subset of them neutralize SARS-CoV-2 ultrapotently. We define an antigenic map of the SARS-CoV-2 NTD and identify a supersite recognized by all known NTD-specific neutralizing mAbs. These mAbs inhibit cell-to-cell fusion, activate effector functions, and protect Syrian hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 challenge. SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the 501Y.V2 and B.1.1.7 lineages, harbor frequent mutations localized in the NTD supersite suggesting ongoing selective pressure and the importance of NTD-specific neutralizing mAbs to protective immunity.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.14.426475v1" target="_blank">N-terminal domain antigenic mapping reveals a site of vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Big Five personality traits and COVID-19 precautionary behaviors among older adults in Europe</strong> -
<div>
Objectives: Taking precaution against COVID-19 is important particularly among older adults who have a greater risk for severe illness if infected. We examined whether Big Five personality traits are associated with COVID-19 precautionary behaviors among older adults in Europe. Method: We used data from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (N=34 801). Personality was self-reported in 2017 using the BFI-10 inventory. COVID-19 precautionary behaviors – wearing a mask, limiting social contacts, and keeping distance to others – were assessed in the summer of 2020 through self-reports. Associations between personality and precautionary behaviors were examined with multilevel random-intercept logistic regression models. The models were adjusted for age, gender, educational attainment, and country of residence. Results: Higher conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness were associated with a greater likelihood of wearing a face mask. Higher neuroticism was associated with a greater likelihood of limiting social contacts, and higher agreeableness with a lower likelihood of limiting social contacts. Higher conscientiousness was associated with a greater likelihood of keeping distance to others. The associations between personality and practicing precautionary behaviors were relatively weak. Discussion: Among older adults, taking COVID-19 precautionary behaviors was most consistently related to higher conscientiousness and neuroticism, suggesting that precautionary behaviors may be motivated by multiple psychological differences.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/rvbjf/" target="_blank">Big Five personality traits and COVID-19 precautionary behaviors among older adults in Europe</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The Mental Health of Latinx Adults in the United States During the Coronavirus Pandemic: A Snapshot of Anxiety, Depression, and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms</strong> -
<div>
The current study documented levels of anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress, and COVID-19 fears and impacts among Latinxs in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants of this cross-sectional study were 388 Latinx adults who completed an online survey between June and November 2020. Almost half of participants showed clinical levels of anxiety and depression and more than a quarter of participants showed clinical levels of posttraumatic stress. Latinxs reported on average 22 types of negative pandemic life impacts. Group differences based on gender, educational attainment, income, vulnerability to COVID-19, and essential worker status were found for mental health symptoms. Severity of COVID-19 fears and negative life impact counts were related to gender, nativity, educational attainment, vulnerability to COVID-19, and insurance status. Specific Latinx groups experienced greater levels of psychological distress during the pandemic. Further examination of risk and protective factors is needed for communities of color.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/uq5y2/" target="_blank">The Mental Health of Latinx Adults in the United States During the Coronavirus Pandemic: A Snapshot of Anxiety, Depression, and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>"Help! I Need Somebody": Music as a Global Resource for Obtaining Wellbeing Goals in Times of Crisis</strong> -
<div>
Music can reduce stress and anxiety, enhance positive mood, and facilitate social bonding. However, little is known about the role of music and related personal or cultural (individualistic versus collectivistic) variables in maintaining wellbeing during times of stress and social isolation as imposed by the COVID-19 crisis. In an online questionnaire, administered in 11 countries (Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, Italy, Mexico, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, the UK and USA, N = 5619), participants rated the relevance of wellbeing goals during the pandemic, and the effectiveness of different activities in obtaining these goals. Music was found to be the most effective activity for three out of five wellbeing goals: enjoyment, venting negative emotions, and self-connection. For diversion, music was equally good as entertainment, while it was second best to create a sense of togetherness, after socialization. This result was evident across different countries and gender, with minor effects of age on specific goals, and a clear effect of the importance of music in people’s lives. Cultural effects were generally small and surfaced mainly in the use of music to obtain a sense of togetherness. Interestingly, culture moderated the use of negatively valenced and nostalgic music for those higher in distress.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/frcqn/" target="_blank">"Help! I Need Somebody": Music as a Global Resource for Obtaining Wellbeing Goals in Times of Crisis</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>A Novel Abnormality Annotation Database for COVID-19 Affected Frontal Lung X-rays</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Purpose: To advance the usage of CXRs as a viable solution for efficient COVID-19 diagnostics by providing large-scale annotations of the abnormalities in frontal CXRs in the BIMCV-COVID19 database, and to provide a robust evaluation mechanism to facilitate its usage. Materials and Methods: We provide the abnormality annotations in frontal CXRs by creating bounding boxes. The frontal CXRs are a part of the existing BIMCV-COVID19+ database. We also define four different protocols for robust evaluation of semantic segmentation and classification algorithms. Finally, we benchmark the defined protocols and report the results using popular deep learning models as a part of this study. Results: For semantic segmentation, Mask-RCNN performs the best among all the models with a DICE score of 0.43. For classification, we observe that MobileNetv2 yields the best results for 2-class and 3-class classification. We also observe that deep models report a lower performance for classifying other classes apart from the COVID class. Conclusion: By making the annotated data and protocols available to the scientific community, we aim to advance the usage of CXRs as a viable solution for efficient COVID-19 diagnostics. This large-scale data will be useful for ML algorithms and can be used for learning radiological patterns observed in COVID-19 patients. Further, the protocols will facilitate ML practitioners for unified large-scale evaluation of their algorithms.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.07.21249323v2" target="_blank">A Novel Abnormality Annotation Database for COVID-19 Affected Frontal Lung X-rays</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>OpenSAFELY NHS Service Restoration Observatory 1: describing trends and variation in primary care clinical activity for 23.3 million patients in England during the first wave of COVID-19</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted healthcare activity globally. The NHS in England stopped most non-urgent work by March 2020, but later recommended that services should be restored to near-normal levels before winter where possible. The authors are developing the OpenSAFELY NHS Service Restoration Observatory, using data to describe changes in service activity during COVID-19, and reviewing signals for action with commissioners, researchers and clinicians. Here we report phase one: generating, managing, and describing the data. Objective To describe the volume and variation of coded clinical activity in English primary care across 23.8 million patients records, taking respiratory disease and laboratory procedures as key examples. Methods Working on behalf of NHS England we developed an open source software framework for data management and analysis to describe trends and variation in clinical activity across primary care EHR data on 23.8 million patients; and conducted a population cohort-based study to describe activity using CTV3 coding hierarchy and keyword searches from January 2019-September 2020. Results Much activity recorded in general practice declined to some extent during the pandemic, but largely recovered by September 2020, with some exceptions. There was a large drop in coded activity for commonly used laboratory tests, with broad recovery to pre-pandemic levels by September. One exception was blood coagulation tests such as International Normalised Ratio (INR), with a smaller reduction (median tests per 1000 patients in 2020: February 8.0; April 6.2; September 7.0). The overall pattern of recording for respiratory symptoms was less affected, following an expected seasonal pattern and classified as no change from the previous year. Respiratory tract infections exhibited a sustained drop compared with pre-pandemic levels, not returning to pre-pandemic levels by September 2020. Various COVID-19 codes increased through the period. We observed a small decline associated with high level codes for long-term respiratory conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Asthma annual reviews experienced a small drop but since recovered, while COPD annual reviews remain below baseline. Conclusions We successfully delivered an open source software framework to describe trends and variation in clinical activity across an unprecedented scale of primary care data. The COVD-19 pandemic led to a substantial change in healthcare activity. Most laboratory tests showed substantial reduction, largely recovering to near-normal levels by September 2020, with some important tests less affected. Records of respiratory infections decreased with the exception of codes related to COVID-19, whilst activity of other respiratory disease codes was mixed. We are expanding the NHS Service Restoration Observatory in collaboration with clinicians, commissioners and researchers and welcome feedback.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.06.21249352v2" target="_blank">OpenSAFELY NHS Service Restoration Observatory 1: describing trends and variation in primary care clinical activity for 23.3 million patients in England during the first wave of COVID-19</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dexamethasone for COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Dexamethasone<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University of Oklahoma<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The (HD)IVACOV Trial (The High-Dose IVermectin Against COVID-19 Trial)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Ivermectin 0.6mg/kg/day;   Drug: Ivermectin 1.0mg/kg/day;   Drug: Placebo;   Drug: Hydroxychloroquine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Corpometria Institute<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study of ORTD-1 in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Related Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: ORTD-1 low dose;   Drug: ORTD-1 mid dose;   Drug: ORTD-1 high dose;   Other: Vehicle control<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Oryn Therapeutics, LLC<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Rapid Diagnosis of COVID-19 by Chemical Analysis of Exhaled Air</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Diagnostic Test: Performance evaluation (sensitivity and specificity) for COVID-19 diagnosis of the Vocus PTR-TOF process<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Hospices Civils de Lyon<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>IMUNOR® Preparation in the Prevention of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: IMUNOR<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University Hospital Ostrava<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Clinical Experimentation With Tenofovir Disoproxyl Fumarate and Emtricitabine for COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Vitamin C 500 MG Oral Tablet;   Drug: Tenofovir disoproxyl fumarate 300 MG Oral Tablet;   Drug: Tenofovir disoproxyl fumarate 300 MG plus emtricitabine 200 MG Oral Tablet<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Universidade Federal do Ceara;   Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico;   São José Hospital for Infectious Diseases - HSJ;   Central Laboratory of Public Health of Ceará - Lacen-CE<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate MVC-COV1901 Vaccine Against COVID-19 in Adult</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19 Vaccine<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: MVC-COV1901(S protein with adjuvant);   Biological: MVC-COV1901(Saline)<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corp.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Safety and Efficacy of Pyronaridine-artesunate (Pyramax® or Artecom®)in COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Artecom® (pyronaridine-artesunate);   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Shin Poong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of BGE-175 in Participants ≥ 60 Years of Age and Hospitalized With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) That Are Not in Respiratory Failure</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: BGE-175;   Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   BioAge Labs, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy of Ramdicivir and Baricitinib for the Treatment of Severe COVID 19 Patients</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Covid19;   Covid-19 ARDS<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Remdesivir;   Drug: Baricitinib;   Drug: Tocilizumab<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   M Abdur Rahim Medical College and Hospital;   First affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaoting University<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antiseptic Mouth Rinses to Reduce Salivary Viral Load in COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Betadine© bucal 100 mg/ml;   Drug: Oximen® 3%;   Drug: Clorhexidine Dental PHB©;   Drug: Vitis Xtra Forte©;   Drug: Distilled Water<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana;   Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz;   Hospital Universitario General de Villalba;   Hospital Universitario Infanta Elena;   Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca;   Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia;   Dentaid SL<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Effect of Deep Breathing Exercise on Dyspnea, Anxiety and Quality of Life in Patients Treated for COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Behavioral: Deep Breathing Exercise with Triflo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Ankara University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>RU Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) mAbs in Healthy Volunteers</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: C144-LS and C-135-LS<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Rockefeller University<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pilot Study of Cefditoren Pivoxil in COVID-19 Patients With Mild to Moderate Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19 Pneumonia<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Cefditoren pivoxil 400mg<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Meiji Pharma Spain S.A.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Influence of Covid-19 on the Audio-vestibular System</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Diagnostic Test: Audio-Vestibular evaluation<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   HaEmek Medical Center, Israel<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Complement Inhibition in Severe COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome</strong> - Most children with COVID-19 have asymptomatic or mild illness. Those who become critically ill suffer from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute kidney injury (AKI). The rapid deterioration of lung function has been linked to microangiopathic and immune-mediated processes seen in the lungs of adult patients with COVID-19. The role of complement-mediated acute lung injury is supported by animal models of SARS-CoV, evaluation of lung tissue in those who died from COVID-19 and...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Intravenous Immunoglobulin may Reverse Multisystem Inflammation in COVID-19 Pneumonitis and Guillain-Barre Syndrome</strong> - CONCLUSION: While the use of hyperimmune globulin requires a tedious job of collection from convalescent patients with verified and adequate titers, the use of IVIg could be an easier option to modulate the immune storm and faster recovery in SARS-CoV-2.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A proposed molecular mechanism for pathogenesis of severe RNA-viral pulmonary infections</strong> - Background: Certain riboviruses can cause severe pulmonary complications leading to death in some infected patients. We propose that DNA damage induced-apoptosis accelerates viral release, triggered by depletion of host RNA binding proteins (RBPs) from nuclear RNA bound to replicating viral sequences. Methods: Information theory-based analysis of interactions between RBPs and individual sequences in the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Influenza A (H3N2), HIV-1, and...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Inhibition of coronavirus infection by a synthetic STING agonist in primary human airway system</strong> - The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) coronavirus initiated a pneumonia outbreak (COVID-19) that rapidly spread worldwide and quickly became a public health emergency of international concern; However to date, except Remdesivir, there are no clinically approved specific or effective medicines to prevent or treat COVID-19. Therefore, the development of novel treatments against coronavirus infections caused by the current SARS-CoV-2 virus, as well as other...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Quercetin as a potential treatment for COVID-19-induced acute kidney injury: Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking study</strong> - Kidneys are one of the targets for SARS-CoV-2, it is reported that up to 36% of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection would develop into acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is associated with high mortality in the clinical setting and contributes to the transition of AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Up to date, the underlying mechanisms are obscure and there is no effective and specific treatment for COVID-19-induced AKI. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms and interactions between...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pharmacokinetic modelling to estimate intracellular favipiravir ribofuranosyl-5'-triphosphate exposure to support posology for SARS-CoV-2</strong> - CONCLUSION: This modelling approach has several important limitations that are discussed in the main text of the manuscript. However, the simulations indicate that despite rapid clearance of the parent drug from plasma, sufficient intracellular FAVI-RTP may be maintained across the dosing interval because of its long intracellular half-life. Population average intracellular FAVI-RTP concentrations are estimated to maintain the Km for the SARS-CoV-2 polymerase for 3 days following 800 mg BID...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Fever, Diarrhea, and Severe Disease Correlate with High Persistent Antibody Levels against SARS-CoV-2</strong> - Lasting immunity will be critical for overcoming the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, factors that drive the development of high titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and how long those antibodies persist remain unclear. Our objective was to comprehensively evaluate anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a clinically diverse COVID-19 convalescent cohort at defined time points to determine if anti-SARS-CoV-2...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>MVA Vector Vaccines Inhibit SARS CoV-2 Replication in Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts of Transgenic Mice and Prevent Lethal Disease</strong> - Replication-restricted modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is a licensed smallpox vaccine and numerous clinical studies investigating recombinant MVAs (rMVAs) as vectors for prevention of other infectious diseases have been completed or are in progress. Two rMVA COVID-19 vaccine trials are at an initial stage, though no animal protection studies have been reported. Here, we characterize rMVAs expressing the S protein of CoV-2. Modifications of full length S individually or in combination...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 spike downregulates tetherin to enhance viral spread</strong> - The antiviral restriction factor, tetherin, blocks the release of several different families of enveloped viruses, including the Coronaviridae . Tetherin is an interferon-induced protein that forms parallel homodimers between the host cell and viral particles, linking viruses to the surface of infected cells and inhibiting their release. We demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 downregulates tetherin to aid its release from cells, and investigate potential proteins involved in this process. Loss of...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 induces human plasmacytoid pre-dendritic cell diversification via UNC93B and IRAK4</strong> - Several studies have analyzed antiviral immune pathways in late-stage severe COVID-19. However, the initial steps of SARS-CoV-2 antiviral immunity are poorly understood. Here, we have isolated primary SARS-CoV-2 viral strains, and studied their interaction with human plasmacytoid pre-dendritic cells (pDC), a key player in antiviral immunity. We show that pDC are not productively infected by SARS-CoV-2. However, they efficiently diversified into activated P1-, P2-, and P3-pDC effector subsets in...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Repurposing of Biologic and Targeted Synthetic Anti-Rheumatic Drugs in COVID-19 and Hyper-Inflammation: A Comprehensive Review of Available and Emerging Evidence at the Peak of the Pandemic</strong> - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a condition caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Severe cases of COVID-19 result in acute respiratory distress syndrome and death. A detrimental, hyper-inflammatory immune response with excess release of cytokines is the main driver of disease development and of tissue damage in these patients. Thus, repurposing of biologic agents and other pharmacological inhibitors of cytokines used for the treatment of various...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs dampen the cytokine and antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection</strong> - Identifying drugs that regulate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and its symptoms has been a pressing area of investigation during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which are frequently used for the relief of pain and inflammation, could modulate both SARS-CoV-2 infection and the host response to the virus. NSAIDs inhibit the enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>APOBEC3s: history of an antiviral and mutagenic protein family</strong> - The innate immune response is nonspecific and constitutes the first line of defense against infections by pathogens, mainly by enabling their elimination by phagocytosis or apoptosis. In immune cells, this response is characterized, amongst others, by the synthesis of restriction factors, a class of proteins whose role is to inhibit viral replication. Among them, the proteins of the APOBEC3 (Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing Enzyme Catalytic polypeptide-like 3 or A3) family are major antiviral...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Observations on the use of Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors in SAR-CoV-2 and cancer</strong> - Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, drugs utilized in cancer, are being repurposed for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) (COVID-19). Recently, BTK inhibitors acalabrutinib and ibrutinib have been found to protect against pulmonary injury in a small group of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. The high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines found in the circulation of COVID-19 patients with severe lung disease suggest the involvement of the innate immune system in...</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>On the role of bacterial metalloproteases in COVID-19 associated cytokine storm</strong> - The cytokine release syndrome or cytokine storm, which is the hyper-induction of inflammatory responses has a central role in the mortality rate of COVID-19 and some other viral infections. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key player in the development of cytokine storms. Shedding of interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6Rα) results in the accumulation of soluble interleukin-6 receptors (sIL-6R). Only relatively few cells express membrane-bound IL-6Rα. However, sIL-6R can act on potentially all cells and organs...</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 CLASSIFICATION RECOGNITION METHOD BASED ON CT IMAGES OF LUNGS</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU314054415">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A traditional Chinese medicine composition for COVID-19 and/or influenza and preparation method thereof</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU313300659">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Covid 19 - Chewing Gum</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU313269181">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>STOCHASTIC MODEL METHOD TO DETERMINE THE PROBABILITY OF TRANSMISSION OF NOVEL COVID-19</strong> - The present invention is directed to a stochastic model method to assess the risk of spreading the disease and determine the probability of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN313339294">link</a></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Fahrzeuglüftungssystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Fahrzeuglüftungssystems</strong> -
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
</p><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fahrzeuglüftungssystem (1) zum Belüften einer Fahrgastzelle (2) eines Fahrzeugs (3), mit einem Umluftpfad (5). Die Erfindung ist gekennzeichnet durch eine wenigstens abschnittsweise in einen Umluftansaugbereich (4) des Umluftpads (5) hineinreichende Sterilisationseinrichtung (6), wobei die Sterilisationseinrichtung (6) dazu eingerichtet ist von einem aus der Fahrgastzelle (2) entnommenen Luftstrom getragene Schadstoffe zu inaktivieren und/oder abzutöten.</p></li>
</ul>
<img alt="embedded image" id="EMI-D00000"/>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"></p>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=DE313868337">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The use of human serum albumin (HSA) and Cannabigerol (CBG) as active ingredients in a composition for use in the treatment of Coronavirus (Covid-19) and its symptoms</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU313251184">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The use of human serum albumin (HSA) and Cannabigerol (CBG) as active ingredients in a composition for use in the treatment of Coronavirus (Covid-19) and its symptoms</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU313251182">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>"AYURVEDIC PROPRIETARY MEDICINE FOR TREATMENT OF SEVERWE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS 2 (SARS-COV-2."</strong> - AbstractAyurvedic Proprietary Medicine for treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)In one of the aspect of the present invention it is provided that Polyherbal combinations called Coufex (syrup) is prepared as Ayurvedic Proprietary Medicine , Aqueous Extracts Mixing with Sugar Syrup form the following herbal aqueous extract coriandrum sativum was used for the formulation of protek.Further another Polyherbal combination protek as syrup is prepared by the combining an aqueous extract of the medicinal herbs including Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, Aegle marmelos, Zingiber officinale, Ocimum sanctum, Adatoda zeylanica, Piper lingum, Andrographis panivulata, Coriandrum sativum, Tinospora cordiofolia, cuminum cyminum,piper nigrum was used for the formulation of Coufex. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN312324209">link</a></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung</strong> -
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
</p><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung (1), wobei die Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung (1) mindestens an einem Ohr eines Trägers magnetisch befestigbar ist.</p></li>
</ul>
<img alt="embedded image" id="EMI-D00000"/>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"></p>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=DE313866760">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Haptens, hapten conjugates, compositions thereof and method for their preparation and use</strong> - A method for performing a multiplexed diagnostic assay, such as for two or more different targets in a sample, is described. One embodiment comprised contacting the sample with two or more specific binding moieties that bind specifically to two or more different targets. The two or more specific binding moieties are conjugated to different haptens, and at least one of the haptens is an oxazole, a pyrazole, a thiazole, a nitroaryl compound other than dinitrophenyl, a benzofurazan, a triterpene, a urea, a thiourea, a rotenoid, a coumarin, a cyclolignan, a heterobiaryl, an azo aryl, or a benzodiazepine. The sample is contacted with two or more different anti-hapten antibodies that can be detected separately. The two or more different anti-hapten antibodies may be conjugated to different detectable labels. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU311608060">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Former Marine Stormed the Capitol as Part of a Far-Right Militia</strong> - In the assault, organized groups with military experience played an active role. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/a-former-marine-stormed-the-capitol-as-part-of-a-far-right-militia">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Trump’s Been Unplugged. Now What?</strong> - The platforms have acted, raising hard questions about technology and democracy. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/tech/annals-of-technology/big-tech-unplugs-trump">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Bitter Fruits of Trump’s White-Power Presidency</strong> - The events of January 6th make clear a growing unity between the Republican Party and white supremacists. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-bitter-fruits-of-trumps-white-power-presidency">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Gandhi, History, and the Lessons of the Events at the Capitol</strong> - The ugly infection that has always sapped America’s strength burst to the surface last week. Simply bandaging it will be a mistake. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/gandhi-history-and-the-lessons-of-the-events-at-the-capitol">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Georgia Dad Who Said That He Wanted to Kill Nancy Pelosi</strong> - On Facebook, Cleveland Meredith, Jr., parroted The Gateway Pundit, Trump’s Twitter feed, Fox News, and, eventually, QAnon. Then he went to Washington. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/us-journal/the-georgia-dad-who-said-that-he-wanted-to-kill-nancy-pelosi">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How to avoid another election year like 2020</strong> -
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<img alt="Trump Supporters Hold “Stop The Steal” Rally In DC Amid Ratification Of Presidential Election" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/xOcWgE6kP8rcsmxVB8z_FZL3VUA=/1040x0:5224x3138/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68672295/1230476105.0.jpg"/>
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Trump supporters near the US Capitol following a “Stop the Steal” rally on January 6, 2021, in Washington, DC. | Selcuk Acar/NurPhoto via Getty Images
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
What America needs to do to avoid the next election crisis, according to a new report.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="SHYvJB">
The 2020 election somehow managed to be both a success and a stunning failure.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="vpmsIG">
The pandemic, the threat of foreign interference, misinformation, <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/8/7/21358946/postal-service-mail-delays-election-trump-mail-in-ballots">changes at the US Postal Service</a>, fears of voter intimidation and violence — any or all of it could have upended the vote.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oDI2yR">
The worst did not happen. Election administrators adjusted rules to protect health and guarantee people had options for how to cast their vote. Voting infrastructure was secured, and foreign adversaries <a href="https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/10/22/21528726/iran-election-interference-proud-boys-emails-voter-intimidation">failed to substantively disrupt the voting</a>. Voter turnout hit historic highs, <a href="https://www.vox.com/21527600/early-vote-explained">a record number voted early and by mail</a>, and<a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/11/4/21549010/voter-turnout-record-estimate-election-2020"> about 160 Americans participated in the democratic process</a>.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uthSfU">
The crisis, instead, came after the polls closed.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GY7OEb">
President Donald Trump refused to concede, fomenting conspiracy theories about widespread voter fraud, mounting dozens of frivolous lawsuits, and <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/11/12/21558523/presidential-transition-biden-trump-general-services-administration">delaying the presidential transition</a>. He tried to pressure officials, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/03/us/politics/trump-georgia-call-excerpts.html">most notably Georgia’s secretary of state</a>, to change the vote in his favor.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="afl1Sy">
Trump’s Republican allies backed him up, and <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-election-poll/half-of-republicans-say-biden-won-because-of-a-rigged-election-reuters-ipsos-poll-idUSKBN27Y1AJ">some opinion polling showed</a> more than half of Republicans believed Trump was the rightful winner of the election. On January 6, <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/22217696/republicans-trump-capitol-hill-storming-mob-responsible">a mob breached the US Capitol</a>, interrupting — if only temporarily — the certification of the electoral votes for Joe Biden’s win.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Tp5uiZ">
Now, <a href="https://www.vox.com/22229597/capitol-national-guard-security-inauguration-washington">thousands of armed National Guard troops are deployed to the Capitol</a>, turning the seat of government into a fortress on the eve of President-elect Joe Biden’s inauguration.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="anUxaG">
This almost unfathomable split screen of the 2020 election raises an obvious challenge: how to prevent this from happening again.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1zi338">
The <a href="https://www.electiontaskforce.org/">National Task Force on Election Crises</a>, a bipartisan group of experts, lawyers, and voting advocates, tried to grapple with this question in the aftermath of the 2020 election. On Friday, they released a final report on what went right; what went very, very wrong; and what reforms need to be undertaken to try to make democratic institutions more resilient going forward.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hMcTcN">
Those reforms include the expansion of voting options like vote-by-mail and early voting, better control of disinformation on social media, and changes to laws like the Electoral Count Act and Presidential Transition Act.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="96OTSq">
The report’s authors note that America’s democratic institutions held largely because enough people — election officials, secretaries of state, especially — did their constitutional duties and withstood pressure from Trump and his allies. The courts, too, dispatched with meritless lawsuits.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jrdnUd">
Even though the attempts to overturn the election were ultimately unsuccessful, the report notes, they “likely caused lasting damage, not only to the acceptance of the 2020 election outcome, but to the perceived legitimacy and long-term stability of American institutions and our system of government.”
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cxpWA9">
And the institutions may not hold next time.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CEq74T">
“We need to structure all of the relevant institutions so that they are positioned to hold in any crisis,” Adav Noti, a member of the task force and senior director of trial litigation and chief of staff at Campaign Legal Center, told me.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FJIKbB">
Even with this goal of preparing for and preventing the next crisis, the task force report acknowledges that the worst can — and might — happen again.
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<h3 id="JtlLUX">
Some things worked in 2020. A lot didn’t. Here’s what needs to be strengthened.
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Xg7dbj">
The report focuses on three big areas where reforms are needed: election administration, election laws, and the news ecosystem — specifically how social media companies and media companies respond to disinformation.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iGKwss">
It also offers some general recommendations, including a congressional commission on nonpartisan election reform.
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<h4 id="IQBUWN">
Election administration
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uzy3sI">
The coronavirus pandemic forced states and voters to rethink how they voted. The task force recommends those methods — mail-in voting, early voting, drop boxes, even curbside voting — should be made more permanent.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Z70Lzu">
“The more options that voters have to vote safely and securely,” the report says, “the more likely that crises, ranging from a future pandemic to cyberattacks to ones we cannot envision, will not overwhelm our election systems or limit the ability of Americans to exercise their right to vote.”
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iCRz7u">
Another crisis could happen, and rather than scrambling to change rules and laws, both election officials and voters will be prepared and know their options. And it strengthens US democracy by potentially increasing voter access and participation, bringing more people into the democratic process.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rqDnbr">
Another big reform the report’s authors suggest is expanding the pre-processing of ballots.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QdScpl">
In the 2020 elections, different states had different rules on when they could start to open mail-in ballots and when they could begin to tally them. States like Pennsylvania and Wisconsin <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/11/2/21544854/red-blue-mirages-vote-count">could not begin to process ballots until Election Day</a>, which delayed the final tally. Other states like Florida processed ballots as they come in.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yPYwsO">
That made for uneven reporting of results, and a delay in the overall announcement of the winner of the presidential election. And that created a window for misinformation to go into overdrive.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CizQ2L">
A lot of this stuff, as the task force notes, requires money. The authors say Congress needs to allot more money to states and localities to manage and secure elections. Additional funding will also ease perennial problems of US democracy, like long lines or voting machine malfunctions. Voting is critical infrastructure, and it should be treated as such.
</p>
<h4 id="rWfA95">
Electoral laws
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="c8ARyA">
When Trump refused to concede the election — <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/11/2/21541981/trump-steal-election-2020-protests-strike">and really, before then, when he basically said he wouldn’t concede if he los</a>t — journalists, civil society groups, and experts were trying to game out what, if anything, he could actually do try to stay in power.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="THGuKV">
<a href="https://www.wusa9.com/article/news/verify/barrett-recuse-election-supreme-court-scotus-election-fact-check-2020-can-amy-coney-barrett-recuse-the-election/65-9c4bc1e4-8f5b-4007-8d8d-47b169d1a517">Would he try to get the Supreme Court to decide the election</a>? <a href="https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-targets-vote-certification-fa1f61cc5de6352deaa588dab908128e">Could he successfully pressure states not to certify the votes (something he tried)</a>?<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/article/electors-vote.html"> Or pressure state legislators to appoint alternate electors</a>? <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/1/6/22213979/congress-electoral-vote-count-pence-hawley-cruz">Could he get Congress to object to the electoral count</a>? <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/05/us/politics/pence-trump-election-results.html">Could he get Vice President Mike Pence to do, well, anything</a>?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zv4zUq">
The usual ho-hum work of certifying votes and Congress’s certification of the count went under the microscope. And suddenly everyone wanted to know what the Electoral Count Act of 1887 had to say. The problem is that the law is outdated and very ambiguous.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GrtWW1">
As Noti put it, if there’s a major election dispute in the future — say, Congress doesn’t certify the election results — there should be clear answers on how to resolve these issues.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WWqmI1">
The task force is realistic that this isn’t a simple task, and suggests this may take a complete revamping of the century-old legislation, and potentially even constitutional amendments.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gNBhwJ">
For example, the task force recommends making clear what counts as a legitimate objection — i.e., not just “I don’t like the results” — and potentially distinguishing a clearer role for the courts in any election disputes.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zPL0K9">
It also recommends reforming legislation regarding the aftermath of the election, specifically the Presidential Transition Act, which governs the transfer of power from one administration to the next.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="clqG9O">
This law has been updated many times over the years, but in 2020, Trump’s refusal to concede delayed the General Service Administration from <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/11/23/21611906/biden-transition-gsa-trump-emily-murphy-acertain">“ascertaining” the rightful winner and beginning the process</a>.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tcCbUA">
Here, the task force recommends that Congress potentially clarify a trigger for a transition to begin, rather than leaving it to the discretion of officials.
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<h4 id="NxpKbM">
Social Media
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hX5t5d">
In so many ways, 2020 was an outlier because Trump was the incumbent president. He complained of election fraud before anyone had even voted, and he fomented that lie afterward in his defeat.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="SIK357">
That created a crisis in American democracy, and an apparent disconnect on whether the 2020 election was free and fair.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="mObrTu">
Experts on the task force acknowledged this is a major challenge, especially when the source of disinformation comes from the president himself. The deep polarization of the country and the divided media ecosystems aren’t exclusively election problems, but they contributed to the crisis this year.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ePC266">
Overall, the task force credits social media companies with being more aggressive this time around, learning the lessons of 2016, especially regarding foreign disinformation.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="O4HMjK">
But it also questioned the efficacy of some of those changes. For example, Twitter labeled certain posts as containing misleading or disputed information, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/05/technology/donald-trump-twitter.html">including plenty belonging to the president</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gJPZ3U">
However, the authors of the report saw limitations on the effectiveness of this approach. For one, it wasn’t always done very quickly, giving time for conspiracy theories to spread across social media. And it still left conspiracy theories out in the public domain.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HK8j57">
The task force recommends deleting those posts as a more effective tactic than labeling. It also suggests removing engagement metrics from posts, the idea being that if a lot of people liked or shared it, an unsuspecting person might be more likely to believe it legitimate. And it suggests removing things like trending lists, where algorithms can sometimes elevate conspiracy theories.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EihGJG">
The task force, in general, recommends transparency — from social media companies as well as traditional media companies, including on <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/21535103/when-will-we-get-election-results-calls-networks">how media outlets call elections</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="GFvhmS">
The big picture: Prepare for 2022 or 2024, and every election after
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cjWYv7">
The task force report offers some big-picture recommendations, knowing that this is just the start, not the end, of the soul-searching about this election.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sC5JhB">
A lot of the recommendations are fairly straightforward, but they’re also not going to be easy, given how polarized the country was, and still is, around the very act of voting.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EBxlWd">
And, as the authors point out, the fact of chaos was not exactly surprising, from pandemic interruptions to a president who has always said he would never concede. Some of those challenges were better managed than others.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eZ9xEV">
The institutions were strained and battered, but they did prevail. But the 2020 election should help us understand that’s not a guarantee.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HTAMo9">
“[T]he opportunity and outcome of this reprieve must not be taken for granted. This election was also a warning,” the authors write. “There is no guarantee the institutional structures that held this time will not crumple if exposed to the same stress again.”
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<h3 id="jMcDx7">
</h3>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How Georgia went blue</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/ioXgaiNPg78HbfsiePOLp2JXw6s=/0x0:3009x2257/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68672227/GettyImages_1293549003.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock greet each other onstage during a campaign event on December 28. | Paras Griffin/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Democrats flipped two long-shot Senate seats in Georgia. Can they do it again?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NILJrN">
Everything went right for Democrats in Georgia on January 5.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nHBINz">
Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock became the first Democrats Georgia voters elected to the Senate since 2000, two months after President-elect Joe Biden became the first Democratic presidential candidate to win the state since 1992. Neither race was super close. Both Democrats won with margins outside of Georgia’s threshold for a recount; Republicans David Perdue and Kelly Loeffler have both since conceded. How did the Democrats do it?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gLK07A">
“Black voters showed up at stratospheric levels and white voters did not,” Cook Political Report editor David Wasserman told Vox. “You saw really big shifts in heavily Black counties.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1dbbyM">
Ossoff ran 88,000 votes behind Perdue and 100,000 votes behind Biden in the general (Warnock’s numbers are harder to parse because he was one of 20 candidates in an all-party primary in November). The New York Times’s <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/07/upshot/warnock-ossoff-georgia-victories.html">Nate Cohn estimated</a> the Black share of the electorate went up by around 2 points from November, but added the caveat that he wouldn’t know for sure until full data is released in the coming weeks.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QWuBL3">
It will take more time to unpack exactly what happened. Georgia’s demographic change, Atlanta’s fast-growing suburbs, and years of work by voting registration groups are all huge parts of the story. There’s also the fact that the Georgia Republican Party was at war with itself throughout the Senate race, as President Donald Trump tore into Republican officials in the state over his own November loss.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="G3gEMN">
With the 2022 midterms on the horizon, Democrats want to replicate their success in other states — particularly North Carolina, another Southern Sunbelt state with an open Senate seat in the next midterm cycle. Democrats see increasing opportunity in states with growing suburbs that are trending blue. They want to continue to supercharge Black turnout in Sunbelt and Rust Belt states alike, which organizers say will be contingent on whether Biden and the new Congress can deliver on their promises of economic relief and racial equity.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ssz5HI">
Of course, favorable demographics are just one piece of the puzzle; they’ll also need to find the right candidates and heavily invest in states they want to win.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xOxp8W">
“Treating Georgia the same as any other Sunbelt state is a mistake in some regards, but there are things we learned from Georgia that absolutely can be replicated,” Democratic pollster Molly Murphy told Vox.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<pre><code> &lt;img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/wcejpeI_xeOunnvenamK1W9IjWg=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22236149/GettyImages_1230433106_toned.jpg" /&gt;
&lt;cite&gt;Megan Varner/Getty Images&lt;/cite&gt;
&lt;figcaption&gt;Voters stand in line on January 5 in Atlanta.&lt;/figcaption&gt;</code></pre>
</figure>
<h3 id="TK9pzX">
Georgia’s suburbs are trending toward Democrats
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uv2GAq">
Going into the 2020 Senate race cycle, many national Democrats thought they’d have more luck beating Republican incumbents in states like Maine, North Carolina, or even Montana — all of which they lost.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BI8Qhd">
Democrats weren’t counting as much on Georgia, even as Perdue repeatedly warned fellow Republicans that the state was going to be close. To understand why Democrats ultimately flipped Georgia, and why Ossoff and Warnock far surpassed their November margins, you have to understand the particulars of<strong> </strong>Georgia.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TrrNhk">
A big part of the story is Atlanta’s fast-growing suburbs, which are<strong> </strong>experiencing some of the most exponential growth in the entire country. Between 2010 and 2019, the metro Atlanta area’s population grew from about 5.3 million people to more than 6 million, according to data from the <a href="https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2020/pop-estimates-county-metro.html"><strong>US Census Bureau</strong></a>, reported by <a href="https://atlanta.curbed.com/2020/3/31/21200613/atlanta-metro-population-census-data-growth"><strong>Curbed</strong></a>. That spike in population put the Atlanta metro area fourth in growth nationwide, behind Houston, Dallas, and Phoenix.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3nZYIa">
Though Democrats have been making tremendous gains in various suburbs during the Trump era,<strong> </strong>growing suburbs don’t automatically translate to Democratic wins. Case in point: Democrats were able to flip Senate seats in Arizona and Georgia but still fell short in Texas — losing that state’s Senate seat and 10 Republican-held House seats they attempted to put in play.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="lB36Gt">
Still, Republicans are worried about the long-term trends in suburbs.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Suc5Am">
“Republicans for the first time in memory lost the suburban vote in 2018,” Republican pollster Whit Ayres told Vox this fall, adding, “There is no sign at all that they are moving back toward Republicans. If anything, they are voting more strongly for Democrats today.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="paoJiQ">
That trend continued in 2020, with suburbs and smaller cities in key states like Michigan, Pennsylvania, Arizona, Georgia, and Wisconsin helping swing the election decisively toward Biden. As these states swung from Trump in 2016 to Biden in 2020, the source of Biden’s strength came largely from suburbs while Trump stayed strong in rural areas, <a href="https://www.brookings.edu/research/bidens-victory-came-from-the-suburbs/">according to a Brookings analysis</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AL0WmE">
Trump has only accelerated the suburban backlash against Republicans in many parts of the country, particularly repelling suburban women who dislike Trump’s macho insults and recklessness.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<pre><code> &lt;img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/ZJOrKJloHiv7VTq0Og66qKX4jo8=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22235805/GettyImages_1294640536.jpg" /&gt;
&lt;cite&gt;Michael M. Santiago/Getty Images&lt;/cite&gt;
&lt;figcaption&gt;People holding signs for Ossoff and Warnock on January 5 in Marietta, Georgia.&lt;/figcaption&gt;</code></pre>
</figure>
<h3 id="BceCea">
Black vote surged, while white turnout didn’t quite match it
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ROIaYc">
One group deserves a lot of credit for Democrats’ victory in Georgia: Black voters.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="N4hMAN">
This January, Black voters showed up in massive numbers, both in suburban counties outside Atlanta and in more rural ones around the state. This could be in part due to Warnock’s deep ties to the Black church, which has been working to mobilize voters since the civil rights movement.<strong> </strong>No matter the reason,<strong> </strong>Black voters proved incredibly consequential.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rl9BpU">
While the whiter suburbs north of Atlanta’s metro area shifted toward Biden in the November general election, Wasserman noticed the places that were overperforming for Warnock and Ossoff in January were the more heavily Black southern Atlanta suburbs, including Rockdale, Clayton, Douglas, and Henry counties. Predominantly Black rural counties, too, voted strongly for the Democrats.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0WSu6D">
Turnout in majority-white counties largely remained consistent with November, Wasserman said, while turnout in majority-Black counties favoring Democrats was much higher.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0AIi3r">
“By relative standards, it was spectacular in January,” he added. In other words, even though white voter turnout would probably have been good by the standard of lower-turnout runoffs in the past, it was eclipsed by the enthusiasm of Black voters.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AH0263">
Voting rights groups laid the framework for a win in Georgia by organizing there for years, especially focused on low-propensity voters. In the runup to Georgia, these groups focused on turning out youth voters and voters of color.<strong> </strong>It took many months of work; organizers started reaching out to prospective voters a full year before the January 5 runoffs happened.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NlURsa">
“Our persuasion beginning in January 2020 was to make them believe that voting mattered at all,” Nsé Ufot, CEO of the voting rights group New Georgia Project, told Vox. “That’s not a September conversation, it’s not an October conversation.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4jTcwM">
Ufot’s group knocked on more than 2 million doors, made more than 6.7 million calls, and sent more than 4 million texts urging people to vote ahead of the runoffs. A larger coalition of progressive voting groups coordinated by America Votes knocked on more than 8.5 million doors, made about 20 million phone calls, and sent over 18 million texts.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VtPS4u">
They were also aided by Georgia’s 2016 automatic voter registration law, which data shows has helped register millions of people through the state’s DMV. The <a href="https://sos.ga.gov/index.php/elections/georgia_easy_voter_registration_options_break_new_records">Georgia secretary of state’s office</a> said that of the over 7.5 million people registered to vote ahead of the 2020 election, more than 5 million registered through the DMV’s automatic registration process.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OGxI86">
Georgia organizers told Vox another big factor was the Democratic Party actually making an investment in the state, a big difference from past years.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CtFyEq">
“I think the answer is, Georgia is competitive when we compete,” Working Families Party senior political strategist Britney Whaley told Vox. Whaley and other in-state organizers told Vox there was a massive difference between pre-November and from November to January in the investment the national party poured into Georgia.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fxB4E6">
The Georgia Senate races set records for being the most expensive Senate races in American history: over $829 million combined spent on both races, <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2021/01/georgia-senate-races-shatter-records/">according to OpenSecrets</a> (the Ossoff/Perdue race was slightly more expensive than the Warnock/Loeffler matchup).
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2gEN3w">
Pre-November, “Georgia was at the bottom of that list,” Whaley said. “Now, when it was the only pathway to win, it was the only pathway to the Senate, that’s when you saw an influx of investment on both sides.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AgZKwo">
Democratic investment and a relatively smooth campaign for both Ossoff and Warnock is only part of the story. Republicans certainly worked hard to leave a negative impression about both Democratic candidates, but the GOP was also busy with an all-consuming intraparty battle between Trump and Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger over Trump’s November loss.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Ln3wmj">
Trump expended far more energy trying to get Raffensperger to overturn the result of the November election — at one point phoning the secretary of state to “demand” he find more than 11,000 votes for him that didn’t exist — than he did campaigning for Perdue and Loeffler. Some Republicans feared Trump’s constant complaints about a “fraudulent” November election and insinuations that Georgia election officials were corrupt would make his supporters stay home. It’s hard to quantify exactly how much Trump’s rhetoric impacted the Georgia runoffs, but it was undoubtedly a factor.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sxtsuh">
“It’s hard to say in a race that had everything that one thing was the difference-maker,” a Democratic pollster told Vox. “I don’t think Ossoff or Warnock made any mistakes ... but it would be impossible to say that these victories would have been achievable had Trump not been doing what he was doing, had Loeffler and Perdue not been blowing every way with the wind.”
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<pre><code> &lt;img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/lIwCI0Kqg81bNINoO00ReWXgWkM=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22235812/GettyImages_1294511866.jpg" /&gt;
&lt;cite&gt;Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images&lt;/cite&gt;
&lt;figcaption&gt;President-elect Joe Biden rallying with Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock on January 4 in Atlanta.&lt;/figcaption&gt;</code></pre>
</figure>
<h3 id="y0hcss">
Could Democrats flip other Southern states?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OeTFOn">
As Democrats look to a slate of 2022 midterm House and Senate races, they have several opportunities, as well as challenges.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QcnlB0">
As far as Senate races go, there are <a href="https://www.rollcall.com/2021/01/08/senate-2022-ratings-eight-states-competitive-with-control-on-the-line-again/">eight states</a> both parties view as competitive: Florida, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Arizona, Georgia, Nevada, and New Hampshire. Those can be pretty evenly split into Rust Belt states (Pennsylvania, Wisconsin) and Sunbelt states (North Carolina, Florida, Arizona, Georgia, and Nevada). New Hampshire is closer to the Pennsylvania and Wisconsin grouping, but the New England state is much smaller and whiter than any other on this list.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CXzfFE">
The 2020 elections showed Democrats are making gains in most Sunbelt states and could build on their success in states with growing suburbs and diverse voting populations. Democrats most immediately need to think about recruitment and who they want to have run for these seats. Warnock and new Arizona Sen. Mark Kelly — who both won special elections — will once again have to defend their seats.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZkasoR">
As far as other potential pickup opportunities in Sunbelt states, Democrats need look no further than an open Senate seat in North Carolina. The state has a smaller share of Black residents compared to Georgia — around 22 percent compared to Georgia’s 32 percent — and its larger rural population also makes it a tough state for Democrats. Democrats saw North Carolina as one of their four likeliest flip opportunities of the 2020 cycle, but they failed to turn the state blue at the presidential or Senate level.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="l1qjPY">
“Democrats need to find other states that fit a similar profile, and to my mind there’s one — it’s North Carolina,” Wasserman told Vox. “Democrats should be winning North Carolina if they’re winning Georgia, but they’re not.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="o9n5JP">
Democrats weren’t helped in the 2020 Senate race by running Cal Cunningham, a candidate tarnished by a sexting scandal. Multiple sources Vox spoke to said they thought Cunningham’s scandal sank him in the race.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CtlDnH">
Political experts say wins in North Carolina hinge on ensuring high levels of Black voter turnout — which helped propel former President Barack Obama and former Democratic Sen. Kay Hagan to win the state in 2008. Investing in the state and passing policy reforms like automatic voter registration could also be a boon in increasing voter participation.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HOhsWN">
More immediately, national Democrats may want to consider elevating a Black candidate in a state like North Carolina. After all, the last time Democrats won a Senate race in North Carolina was 2008, the same year Obama flipped the state. Some names <a href="https://www.fayobserver.com/story/opinion/columns/guest/2020/12/28/2022-nc-senate-race-could-involve-trump-and-intraparty-fights/4058362001/">being discussed</a> include former US Secretary of Transportation Anthony Foxx and former North Carolina Supreme Court Justice Cheri Beasley.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NIzoRX">
Democrats ran a dynamic Black candidate in South Carolina and still came up short, but many want to see North Carolina Democrats shake up their recruitment and run someone other than a moderate white man.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iwefHM">
“Can they find their Raphael Warnock to drive out Black voters to the same extent Obama drove out Black voters?” Wasserman said. That’s still very much an open question.
</p>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Joe Biden’s $1.9 trillion Covid-19 stimulus plan, explained</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="Joe Biden speaking at a podium with “office of the president-elect” behind him." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/hdDIH2NfZ3T8dzJMJyXll8sBz6M=/195x0:5560x4024/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68670578/1230470164.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
President-elect Joe Biden speaks in Wilmington, Delaware, on January 7, 2021. | Jim Watson/AFP via Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Biden has unveiled his opening bid in a proposal to rescue the economy.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hhUfii">
President-elect <a href="https://www.vox.com/joe-biden">Joe Biden</a> has unveiled his opening bid on <a href="https://www.vox.com/coronavirus-covid19">Covid-19</a> relief and <a href="https://www.vox.com/covid-19-coronavirus-economy-recession-stock-market">economic recovery</a>: a $1.9 trillion stimulus deal meant to help the United States address the health and economic crises induced by the pandemic.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DnWsA0">
The proposal, called the <a href="https://buildbackbetter.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/COVID_Relief-Package-Fact-Sheet.pdf">American Rescue Plan</a>, is divvied up into three buckets: $400 billion for dealing with the coronavirus, including vaccines and testing; $1 trillion in direct relief to families; and $400 billion in aid to communities and businesses. It includes money for testing, vaccines, and public health workers; $400 a week in extended federal unemployment insurance through September; rental assistance; emergency paid leave; and funding for schools reopening, among other items.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="aObsUL">
And, as Democrats promised when campaigning in Georgia, Biden’s plan would send out another $1,400 in stimulus checks, bringing the total this year to $2,000.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xUctYJ">
“We need to tackle the public health and economic crises we’re facing head on,” Biden said in a <a href="https://twitter.com/JoeBiden/status/1349849776012087296?s=20">tweet</a> on Thursday. “That’s why today, I’m announcing my American Rescue Plan. Together, we’ll change the course of the pandemic, build a bridge toward economic recovery, and invest in racial justice.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jPnPtM">
The incoming Biden administration is sorting their approach to the economy into <a href="https://www.rollcall.com/2021/01/13/biden-preps-coronavirus-rescue-plan-with-recovery-bill-to-follow/">two stages</a>: rescue and recovery. This is the “rescue” part<strong> </strong>of the equation, meant to address the immediate crisis. The details on the recovery plank are still to come.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="PklL8t">
Lawmakers have already passed two sweeping Covid-19 relief bills, including the $2.2 trillion CARES Act in March and an additional $900 billion in relief in December. Biden’s proposal is a follow-up to those and signals a rather ambitious push on addressing the pandemic and the economy — even though the plan is likely to change before it’s signed into law, if it is at all.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KJZTW3">
Overall, this is a big deal. The $1.9 trillion in relief Biden is proposing is more than double the $800 billion <a href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/111th-congress/house-bill/1/text">American Recovery and Reinvestment Act</a> that Democrats passed in 2009 in the wake of the Great Recession. The size and scope of this proposal is a reflection of some lessons<strong> </strong>Democrats have learned: In 2009, many lawmakers believed they’d have a chance at another bill to deliver more help, but they never<strong> </strong>did. And so the recovery was slower and more uneven than it could have been had they been more ambitious at the outset.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZCKgkg">
With that in mind, many Democrats and progressives plan to push the Biden administration and congressional leaders to go even further. Their mantra is increasingly that <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2020/5/15/21258535/coronavirus-economic-recession-congress-heroes-act-reopening-stimulus">the real risk is doing too little — not too much</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1XgHbL">
“When Democrats passed the recovery act in 2009, it was smaller than was necessary, and a lot of members thought there was going to be another bite at the apple. There wasn’t,” one Democratic aide said. “Members who were around in that time period are very much cognizant of that lesson.”
</p>
<h3 id="8jGwyj">
What Biden wants on the economy right now
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eq1jU6">
Biden’s proposal for the American Rescue Plan is largely focused on immediate relief: measures necessary to help the country address the pandemic and its economic fallout. After all, the economy getting back to normal is contingent on getting the virus under control, which at this point means vaccinating as many people as possible, as quickly as possible.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EVwnXM">
Here’s a rundown of some of what Biden is proposing:
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fD8aML">
<strong>A national vaccination program and scaled-up testing. </strong>Biden is pushing to invest $20 billion in a national vaccination program in partnership with states, localities, tribes, and territories, including creating community vaccination centers and mobile vaccination units. He is also advocating for $50 billion<strong> </strong>to expand testing, including rapid tests, expanded lab capacities, and help for schools and local governments. And he is pushing for an additional $10 billion to manufacture pandemic supplies domestically, as well as $30 billion to the Disaster Relief Fund for supplies and protective gear.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xM7HCB">
<strong>A public health jobs program and funds toward addressing health disparities. </strong>Biden’s proposal looks to fund 100,000 health workers to expand the public health workforce. He also wants to increase funding for health services to underserved populations and those who live in congregate settings, such as nursing homes.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="B5EptQ">
<strong>Money for reopening schools. </strong>Biden’s proposal calls for $130 billion to help schools reopen safely, $35 billion in funding for higher education, and $5 billion for governors to use to support educational programs for those hardest hit by Covid-19.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xvbaKD">
<strong>Emergency paid leave: </strong>Biden is calling for changes his team says will expand paid sick leave to 106 million more Americans, including renewing the expired requirement for employers to provide leave and expanding emergency paid leave to federal workers.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ItpVow">
<strong>Bigger stimulus checks. </strong>Biden is proposing adding $1,400 to the latest round of stimulus checks so that they total $2,000. His plan also expands eligibility for the checks to adults left out of previous rounds and to <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/4/1/21197017/immigrants-coronavirus-stimulus-relief-bill">mixed-immigration status households</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ev4WIT">
<strong>Extended unemployment insurance. </strong>Under the current stimulus packages, the unemployed are eligible for an additional $300 in weekly federal unemployment benefits to through March 14. Biden’s plan increases that amount to $400 through September and also continues extended benefits to people who have exhausted benefits or wouldn’t normally qualify, such as contractors or freelancers.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="aqqmBn">
<strong>Housing assistance. </strong>The president-elect’s plan calls for extending eviction and foreclosure moratoriums through September, directing $30 billion toward rental assistance, and $5 billion in emergency assistance to secure housing for the homeless.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LSKbuD">
<strong>Food benefits. </strong>The plan includes extending the 15 percent increase in SNAP benefits through September, investing $3 billion in the special supplemental nutrition program for <a href="https://www.fns.usda.gov/wic">WIC</a>, and providing US territories with $1 billion in nutritional assistance.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CJ6V4e">
<strong>Child care assistance. </strong>The plan calls for a $25 billion emergency stabilization fund for child care providers and an additional $15 billion to the Child Care and Development Block Grand Program.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Ts81GT">
<strong>Tax credits for children and low–income workers. </strong><a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2020/9/18/21444103/child-tax-credit-2020-joe-bden">The plan expands the child tax credit</a> — another important one for Democrats — to $3,000 per child up to age 17 and $3,600 for children under the age of 6. And, it increases the earned income tax credit from about $530 to $1,500 and expands eligibility.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Kv6Fv1">
<strong>Support for small business</strong>. Biden is proposing $15 billion in grants to hard-hit small businesses and leveraging $35 billion in government funds into $175 billion in loans and investment in small businesses.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="E2LYSa">
<strong>Support for state and local governments. </strong>Biden’s plan calls on Congress to provide $350 billion in funds for state, local, and territorial governments. It’s framed as money that will help pay front-line workers, reopen schools, and get people vaccinated. It also requests $20 billion in relief for public transit agencies and $20 billion to support tribal governments’ pandemic response.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="onWXG9">
<strong>A $15 minimum wage. </strong>Biden’s proposal asks Congress to increase the minimum wage to $15 per hour as well as ending the tipped minimum wage and sub-minimum wage for people with disabilities. It also calls on employers to provide hazard pay.
</p>
<h3 id="GDlXVl">
This is an opening bid, and some Democrats want to go bigger
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zwS2Wg">
Biden’s proposal is likely just the beginning of Democratic debate on how to bolster the country’s public health crisis response and economic recovery. More than nine months into the pandemic, thousands of people are dying each day of Covid-19, and millions of people are still out of a job.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sCuQfN">
“Given the urgency of the moment, I think there is a good argument for doing as much as possible as quickly as possible and continuing to push for more,” said Angela Hanks, deputy executive director of the progressive group Groundwork Collaborative, which <a href="https://www.vox.com/22159023/covid-economic-stimulus-bill-congress">released an estimate</a> before last month’s stimulus bill was passed suggesting that it would take $3 trillion to $4.5 trillion to really get the economy moving.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7ymtdc">
Discussions are underway among Democrats and progressives inside and outside the legislative process about how to do more. Sen. Cory Booker (D-NJ) and Rep. Ayanna Pressley (D-MA) sent a letter to Biden calling on his administration to push to include “<a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/1/21/18185536/cory-booker-news-today-2020-presidential-election-baby-bonds">baby bonds</a>” in an economic recovery package. “We urge you to ‘go big,’ with a bold vision for racial and economic justice,” they wrote, arguing that baby bonds, which would create federally funded savings accounts for every child in America, “represent a once-in-a-generation opportunity to close the racial wealth gap and unleash economic opportunity for every American.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="c9OATS">
<a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/22152601/biden-student-loan-debt-cancellation">Student debt cancellation</a> — an increasingly important issue on the left — is absent from Biden’s plan. Biden has said he supports Congress canceling $10,000 in federal student debt, but that’s not in Thursday’s proposal. He has come under pressure, <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/12/17/22179577/biden-student-debt-house-resolution">including from many Democrats in the House and Senate</a>, to cancel up to $50,000 of student debt.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MDPLti">
That’s not the only thing Biden can do on his own. If he can’t get Congress to raise the federal minimum wage to $15, he could require federal contractors to pay a $15 minimum wage. There is a long list of actions he can take unilaterally to boost the economy, as well as putting people in place across the executive branch who can enact an agenda to create a fairer, more prosperous economic landscape. “There’s a lot that actually can absolutely be done without Congress,” said Felicia Wong, president and CEO of the Roosevelt Institute.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LUCHuP">
Biden’s plan nods at automatic stabilizers<strong> </strong>—<strong> </strong>tying social safety net mechanisms, such as expanded unemployment insurance, to certain economic conditions. That way, Congress doesn’t have to haggle about them all the time. But the idea is likely to get more attention in the coming weeks.<strong> </strong>A number of lawmakers have called for automatic stabilizers, including Sens. <a href="https://www.vox.com/2019/8/22/20827080/michael-bennet-recession-federal-reserve-fiscal-stimulus">Michael Bennet</a> (D-CO) and Ron Wyden (D-OR).
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="r4gpnx">
“Ideally, you have a social safety net that exists to activate in times of crisis, and we don’t have to rely on policymakers to act just in time or after,” Hanks said. “It also means that in those moments of crisis, you’re not worrying about the immediate impact on things like unemployment insurance and you can focus on other areas you didn’t anticipate.” For example, like a global pandemic.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ce8lIQ">
Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-VT), who is about to chair the Senate Budget Committee, has indicated he wants to go big from his new perch. That includes on budget reconciliation, which could ultimately be the mechanism Democrats use if they can’t get enough Republicans on board with their agenda.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JWMPvP">
“It is absolutely imperative that the Congress not lose sight of the fact that working families in this country are facing more economic distress today than at any time during the Great Depression,” Sanders recently told <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2021/01/12/bernie-sanders-big-budget-plans-458461">Politico</a>. “What Congress has got to show the American people is that … it can handle more than one crisis at a time.”
</p>
<h3 id="a41VeJ">
Budget reconciliation could be on the horizon
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4BZ8GY">
The general line from the Biden team and many Democratic lawmakers is that they want to give Republicans a chance to get on board with the agenda and pass Covid-19 relief through regular order, which would mean needing 60 votes to overcome a Senate filibuster. After all, that’s what happened throughout 2020. But if they can’t make it work, they’ll go another route.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3iIGpF">
“We need to know as early as we can, are [Republicans] serious about wanting this to go forward,” one Democratic aide said. “The disagreement will be how long we wait before we switch if we are going to be switching [tactics]. The best possible outcome here is that Republicans praise it and it’s bipartisan.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KTCqCN">
<a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2016/11/23/13709518/budget-reconciliation-explained">Budget reconciliation</a> — a process that exempts from the filibuster legislation primarily dealing with taxes and spending —<strong> </strong>is likely an option. (Vox has a <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2016/11/23/13709518/budget-reconciliation-explained">full explainer on what it is</a>.) In the current scenario, legislation passed under budget reconciliation could pass with 50 Senate Democratic votes plus tie-breaker Kamala Harris, the vice president-elect.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="v4oeBK">
<a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/22217054/joe-biden-senate-majority-budget-reconciliation">My colleague Dylan Matthews recently ran down a list</a> of what Biden can do with budget reconciliation, and while it’s not everything<strong> </strong>in the recovery plan, it’s a lot of it. And plenty of experts say there are ways to finagle the rules.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4RTihQ">
“Looking through the Biden plan, as best I can tell, almost anything in it besides the minimum wage increase they can do through reconciliation,” said Marc Goldwein, senior policy director for the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget. He said there are a few areas where it could get tricky — namely, state and local aid and vaccination money. “They have to get a little creative, but it’s not even that hard.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kiO1Xt">
Democrats have two potential reconciliation bills to work with, one for the 2021 fiscal year and one for 2022. If they go that route, there will be a push on the left to make the proposal even bigger — that’s certainly, for example, what Sanders wants.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wqi28M">
“I’m going to use reconciliation in as aggressive a way as I possibly can to address the terrible health and economic crises facing working people today,” he told Politico. That translates to spending on areas such as infrastructure, climate, and other parts of Biden’s “Build Back Better” plan.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="PL7tdN">
But there are also moderate Democrats to contend with — getting to 50 votes means that the Joe Manchins and Kyrsten Sinemas of the world need to be on board. One Democratic policy adviser noted that a lot of the agenda is pretty uncontroversial, including expanded unemployment and state and local aid — among the caucus. Other elements, not so much. “It’s kind of a matter of what we think we can get away with and what we can push the envelope on and what we can convince 50 senators of, including our dear friend Mr. Manchin, on the floor,” the person said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0p1K3i">
On a call with reporters earlier this week, Sen. Sherrod Brown (D-OH) said he looked forward to soon-to-be Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer putting some legislation on the floor, in a test of whether soon-to-be Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell and Republicans will take the same approach he did under the Obama administration — obstruction at every turn. “If that’s his view of moving on anything, then we’ll have to find a way through reconciliation or something else. But I think you give them the chance,” Brown said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="65mTg3">
Brown also said he believes there is “way more” consensus among Democrats than people may think. “My job is to find out what we can do together, find out what arguments work, are the most persuasive with them, and how I can figure out with them to make everything that we’ve come out with more palatable,” he said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kaQTts">
Biden and the Democratic Party are in a position many thought was unlikely after the November elections, when the probability of a double victory in Georgia’s Senate run-off elections seemed small: They have an opportunity to take some big swings at helping the economy, ultimately, helping people. Now we know what Biden’s opening bid to do that looks like. Over the days and weeks to come, the country will see how it plays out.
</p>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mohammed Siraj abused by Gabba crowd, called grub: Report</strong> - The reported incident happened a few days after the fast bowler was racially abused by spectators at the Sydney Cricket Ground on the third and fourth day of the drawn third Test</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Aus vs Ind fourth Test | My skills with red ball are good and I am ready to bowl even 40-50 overs, says Washington Sundar</strong> - India’s T20 specialist off-spinner was asked to stay back by the team management after the white-ball series to help as a net bowler.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Japan minister Taro Kono says “anything can happen with Tokyo Games”</strong> - He also reiterated recent poll results that show about 80% in Japan think the Olympics shouldn’t happen, or will not happen.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Aus vs Ind: Centurion Labuschagne disappointed at not getting “big score”</strong> - Labuschagne credited the Indian bowlers for being disciplined early on and hardly giving away any scoring opportunities.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Google celebrates the legacy of Basketball inventor Dr. James Naismith</strong> - According to Dr. Naismith, basketball is a perfect sport for all to better themselves physically and mentally</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Total Electors in Andhra Pradesh is 4,04,41,378: CEO</strong> - The final electoral rolls have been published on Friday</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Cut in stamp duty, registration fee</strong> - Bid to improve State’s position in ‘ease of doing business’ rankings</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Rubber base price to go up to ₹170 a kg</strong> - Procurement price of paddy will be ₹28, coconut ₹32</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>All-time high allocation for tourism marketing</strong> - Champions Boat League to resume in 2021-2022</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Government wants farmer unions to form informal group to prepare concrete proposals, says Tomar</strong> - Narendra Singh Tomar said the government is hopeful of discussions reaching some decisive stage at the tenth round of talks on January 19.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dutch Rutte government to resign over child welfare fraud scandal</strong> - Mark Rutte's cabinet is to resign after families were wrongly accused and many faced financial problems.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Nazi Buchenwald camp no place for sledging, authorities warn</strong> - German officials say some people have used Buchenwald mass graves as a toboggan run.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>German sports doctor jailed over blood doping scandal</strong> - Mark Schmidt masterminded an international doping ring exposed by police in "Operation Aderlass".</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dakar Rally: Pierre Cherpin - French rider dies after crash on stage seven</strong> - French motorcyclist Pierre Cherpin dies five days after crashing during stage seven of the Dakar Rally.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Brexit shellfish delays leave Scottish seafood rotting</strong> - A Scottish shellfish firm owner says he is on the brink of bankruptcy as EU customers desert his business.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The NSA warns enterprises to beware of third-party DNS resolvers</strong> - Yes, plaintext DNS is insane, but encrypting it has its own tradeoffs. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1735338">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>NASA gives up on taking Mars’ temperature</strong> - Meant to drive a heat sensor 3 meters deep into Mars, it only managed 3 centimeters. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1735332">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The rise and fall (and rise again) of retro car design</strong> - "The PT Cruiser gets hammered by a lot of people... You know, we sold 1.3M of those.” - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1734249">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Rocket Report: NASA dishes on small rockets, Jeff buys a ride on a Falcon 9</strong> - "AR1 is the ideal engine for many possible solutions." - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1735230">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>US grid will see 80 percent of its new capacity go emission-free</strong> - Plans also call for the first new nuclear plant in years. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1735254">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>What has 6 balls and fucks all the poor people?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The lottery.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Rupe_Knabu"> /u/Rupe_Knabu </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kxm4ja/what_has_6_balls_and_fucks_all_the_poor_people/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kxm4ja/what_has_6_balls_and_fucks_all_the_poor_people/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>500 bricks on a plane</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Q. There are 500 bricks on a plane, one falls off, how many left?
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A. 499
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Q. What are the 3 simple steps of putting an elephant in a refrigerator?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A. Open refrigerator, put elephant in, close refrigerator.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Q. What are the 4 simple steps of putting a giraffe in a refrigerator?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A. Open refrigerator, take elephant out, put giraffe in, close refrigerator.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Q. It's the lions birthday and he invites everyone in the jungle. Everyone turns up but one animal, what animal is it and why?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A. The giraffe, he's in the refrigerator.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Q. Sally is an explorer. She is walking through a jungle when suddenly she comes across a crocodile infested river. There are no bridges over it. Sally swims over and is not bitten by a single crocodile. How?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A. All the crocodiles are at the lions party.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Q. Sally dies anyway, why?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A. She is hit in the head by a brick.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/ujkris"> /u/ujkris </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kxlg4q/500_bricks_on_a_plane/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kxlg4q/500_bricks_on_a_plane/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>Two CEOs meet after....</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
One of them has visited Japan. So they are talking about how the trip was and one says:
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
"look I got this amazing robot secretary from there, it does everything human secretary does except 20 times faster and 200% more efficiently."
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The other one says: "that sounds impressive but does she do... You know other things?"
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
"You're welcome to take her for a spin" winks the first one.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
So the other one takes her to the toilet and after fifteen minutes agonizing screams are heard from the toilet.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The first CEO slaps himself on the forehead and yells: "Shit! I forgot to tell him she has a pencil sharpener in her ass!"
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Translated from Slovenian so sorry for a bad translation lol.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Vilin13"> /u/Vilin13 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kxipx3/two_ceos_meet_after/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kxipx3/two_ceos_meet_after/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>My friend once told me, "Your wife and daughter look like twins!"</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
I replied, " Yeah well, they were separated at birth"
</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/linpawws"> /u/linpawws </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kx57zf/my_friend_once_told_me_your_wife_and_daughter/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kx57zf/my_friend_once_told_me_your_wife_and_daughter/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>My boss calls me "the computer"</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Nothing to do with intelligence, I go to sleep if left unattended for 15 minutes
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
EDIT thank you all so much this is my first ever post to hit 1k upvotes and get awards
</p>
</div>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/TrustedChimp495"> /u/TrustedChimp495 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kxbggn/my_boss_calls_me_the_computer/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/kxbggn/my_boss_calls_me_the_computer/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
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