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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>In silico genomic surveillance by CoVerage predicts and characterizes SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Interest</strong> -
<div>
Rapidly evolving viral pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2 continuously accumulate amino acid changes, some of which affect transmissibility, virulence or improve the virus' ability to escape host immunity. Since the beginning of the pandemic and establishment of SARS-CoV-2 as a human pathogen, multiple lineages with concerning phenotypic alterations, so called Variants of Concern (VOCs), have emerged and risen to predominance. To optimize public health management and to ensure the continued efficacy of vaccines, the early detection of such variants of interest is essential. Therefore, large-scale viral genomic surveillance programs have been initiated worldwide, with data being deposited in public repositories in a timely manner. However, technologies for their continuous interpretation are currently lacking. Here, we describe the CoVerage system (www.sarscoverage.org) for viral genomic surveillance, which continuously predicts and characterizes novel and emerging potential Variants of Interest (pVOIs) together with their antigenic and evolutionary alterations. Using the establishment of Omicron and its current sublineages as an example, we demonstrate how CoVerage can be used to quickly identify and characterize such variants. CoVerage can facilitate the timely identification and assessment of future SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.07.583829v1" target="_blank">In silico genomic surveillance by CoVerage predicts and characterizes SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Interest</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Rapid Degradation of the Human ACE2 Receptor Upon Binding and Internalization of SARS-Cov-2-Spike-RBD Protein</strong> -
<div>
It is widely accepted that the SARS-CoV-2 betacoronavirus infects humans through binding the human Angiotensin Receptor 2 (ACE2) that lines the nasal cavity and lungs, followed by import into a cell utilizing the Transmembrane Protease, Serine 2 (TMPRSS2) cofactor. ACE2 binding is mediated by an approximately 200-residue portion of the SARS-CoV-2 extracellular spike protein, the receptor binding domain (RBD). Robust interactions are shown using a novel cell-based assay between an RBD membrane tethered-GFP fusion protein and the membrane bound ACE2-Cherry fusion protein. Several observations were not predicted including, quick and sustained interactions leading to internalization of RBD fusion protein into the ACE2 cells and rapid downregulation of the ACE2-Cherry fluorescence. Targeted mutation in the RBD disulfide Loop 4 led to a loss of internalization for several variants tested. However, a secreted RBD did not cause ACE2 downregulation of ACE2-Cherry fluorescence. Thus, the membrane associated form of RBD found on the viral coat may have long-term system wide consequences on ACE2 expressing cells.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.07.583884v1" target="_blank">Rapid Degradation of the Human ACE2 Receptor Upon Binding and Internalization of SARS-Cov-2-Spike-RBD Protein</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Coronavirus Spike-RBD Variants Differentially Bind to the Human ACE2 Receptor</strong> -
<div>
The SARS-CoV-2 betacoronavirus infects people through binding the human Angiotensin Receptor 2 (ACE2), followed by import into a cell utilizing the Transmembrane Protease, Serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and Furin cofactors. Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 extracellular spike protein has suggested critical amino acids necessary for binding within a 197-residue portion, the receptor binding domain (RBD). A cell-based assay between a membrane tethered RBD-GFP fusion protein and the membrane bound ACE2-Cherry fusion protein allowed for mutational intersection of both RBD and ACE2 proteins. Data shows Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants have altered dependency on the amino terminus of ACE2 protein and suggests multiple epitopes on both proteins stabilize their interactions at the Nt and internal region of ACE2. In contrast, the H-CoV-NL63 RBD is only dependent on the ACE2 internal region for binding. A peptide inhibitor approach to this internal region thus far have failed to block binding of RBDs to ACE2, suggesting that several binding regions on ACE2 are sufficient to allow functional interactions. In sum, the RBD binding surface of ACE2 appears relatively fluid and amenable to bind a range of novel variants.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.07.583944v1" target="_blank">Coronavirus Spike-RBD Variants Differentially Bind to the Human ACE2 Receptor</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Antigenicity assessment of SARS-CoV-2 saltation variant BA.2.87.1</strong> -
<div>
The recent emergence of a SARS-CoV-2 saltation variant, BA.2.87.1, which features 65 spike mutations relative to BA.2, has attracted worldwide attention. In this study, we elucidate the antigenic characteristics and immune evasion capability of BA.2.87.1. Our findings reveal that BA.2.87.1 is more susceptible to XBB-induced humoral immunity compared to JN.1. Notably, BA.2.87.1 lacks critical escaping mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) thus allowing various classes of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) that were escaped by XBB or BA.2.86 subvariants to neutralize BA.2.87.1, although the deletions in the N-terminal domain (NTD), specifically 15-23del and 136-146del, compensate for the resistance to humoral immunity. Interestingly, several neutralizing antibody drugs have been found to restore their efficacy against BA.2.87.1, including SA58, REGN-10933 and COV2-2196. Hence, our results suggest that BA.2.87.1 may not become widespread until it acquires multiple RBD mutations to achieve sufficient immune evasion comparable to that of JN.1.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.07.583823v1" target="_blank">Antigenicity assessment of SARS-CoV-2 saltation variant BA.2.87.1</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Resolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human lung tissues is driven by extravascular CD163+ monocytes</strong> -
<div>
The lung-resident immune mechanisms driving resolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans remain elusive. Using mice co-engrafted with a genetically matched human immune system and fetal lung xenograft (fLX), we mapped the immunological events defining resolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human lung tissues. Viral infection is rapidly cleared from fLX following a peak of viral replication. Acute replication results in the emergence of cell subsets enriched in viral RNA, including extravascular inflammatory monocytes (iMO) and macrophage-like T-cells, which dissipate upon infection resolution. iMO display robust antiviral responses, are transcriptomically unique among myeloid lineages, and their emergence associates with the recruitment of circulating CD4+ monocytes. Consistently, mice depleted for human CD4+ cells but not CD3+ T-cells failed to robustly clear infectious viruses and displayed signatures of chronic infection. Our findings uncover the transient differentiation of extravascular iMO from CD4+ monocytes as a major hallmark of SARS-CoV-2 infection resolution and open avenues for unravelling viral and host adaptations defining persistently active SARS-CoV-2 infection.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.08.583965v1" target="_blank">Resolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human lung tissues is driven by extravascular CD163+ monocytes</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Human Cytokine and Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Protein Interactivity Using Large-Scale Virtual Screens</strong> -
<div>
Understanding the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and the human immune system is paramount to the characterization of novel variants as the virus co-evolves with the human host. In this study, we employed state-of-the-art molecular docking tools to conduct large-scale virtual screens, predicting the binding affinities between 64 human cytokines against 17 nucleocapsid proteins from six betacoronaviruses. Our comprehensive in silico analyses reveal specific changes in cytokine-nucleocapsid protein interactions, shedding light on potential modulators of the host immune response during infection. These findings offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying viral pathogenesis and may guide the future development of targeted interventions. This manuscript serves as insight into the comparison of deep learning based AlphaFold2-Multimer and the semi-physicochemical based HADDOCK for protein-protein docking. We show the two methods are complementary in their predictive capabilities. We also introduce a novel algorithm for rapidly assessing the binding interface of protein-protein docks using graph edit distance: graph-based interface residue assessment function (GIRAF). The high-performance computational framework presented here will not only aid in accelerating the discovery of effective interventions against emerging viral threats, but extend to other applications of high throughput protein-protein screens.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.11.28.569056v2" target="_blank">Human Cytokine and Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Protein Interactivity Using Large-Scale Virtual Screens</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Who deserves economic relief - Preprint T Hilmar March 2024</strong> -
<div>
The economic shock of the Covid-19 crisis has disproportionately impacted small businesses and the self-employed. Around the globe, their survival during the pandemic often relied heavily on government assistance. This article explores how economic relief to business is understood through the lens of deservingness in the public. It examines the case of Germany, where the government has responded to the pandemic by implementing an extensive support program. Notably, in this context, the self-employed are typically outsiders to the state insurance system. Combining computational social science methods and a qualitative analysis, the article focuses on the debate about direct subsidies on the social media platform Twitter/X between March 2020 and June 2021. It traces variation in the patterns of claim making in what is a rich debate about pandemic state support, finding that this discourse is characterised by the concern that economic relief threatens to blur existing boundaries of worth in society. The reciprocity principle of deservingness theory is pivotal in asserting business identities in times of crisis, yet it also reveals a fundamentally ambiguous relationship with the principle of need. Additionally, the claim of justice-as-redress, as a novel dimension of reciprocity, surfaces as an important theme in this debate.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/swndy/" target="_blank">Who deserves economic relief - Preprint T Hilmar March 2024</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Protein design for evaluating vaccines against future viral variation</strong> -
<div>
Recurrent waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection, driven by the periodic emergence of new viral variants, highlight the need for vaccines and therapeutics that remain effective against future strains. Yet, our ability to proactively evaluate such therapeutics is limited to assessing their effectiveness against previous or circulating variants, which may differ significantly in their antibody escape from future viral evolution. To address this challenge, we develop a deep learning method to predict the effect of mutations on fitness and escape from neutralizing antibodies. We use this model to engineer 83 unique SARS-CoV-2 Spike proteins incorporating novel combinations of up to 46 amino acid changes relative to the ancestral B.1 variant. The designed constructs were infectious and evaded neutralization by nine well-characterized panels of human polyclonal anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune sera (from vaccinated, boosted, bivalent boosted, and breakthrough infection individuals). Designed constructs on contemporary SARS-CoV-2 strains displayed similar levels of antibody escape and similar antigenic profiles as variants seen subsequently (up to 12 months later) during the COVID-19 pandemic despite differences in exact mutations. Our approach provides targeted panels of antigenically diverse escape variants for an early evaluation of the protective ability of vaccines and therapeutics to inhibit not only currently circulating but also future variants. This approach is generalizable to other viral pathogens.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.10.08.561389v2" target="_blank">Protein design for evaluating vaccines against future viral variation</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Will Europe be forged in crises? The impact of the Covid-19 and Ukraine crises on EU actorness</strong> -
<div>
In this paper, we study the effect of crises on EU actorness, defined as the EU’s capacity to defend its interests and values at the global level. Our research focuses on two major crises, the Covid-19 crisis and the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Drawing on a process-tracing approach, we analyse four of the Union’s policy initiatives that were proposed, negotiated and implemented to respond to these crises: joint vaccine procurement, common gas purchases, and the COVAX and FARM initiatives. The paper assesses the outcomes of these four initiatives and discusses the extent to which these initiatives led to the development of EU actorness and the achievement of common objectives. The analysis identifies the degree of internal cohesion, and how it is influenced by specific crises, as a key factor in fostering or hampering EU actorness in different policy fields. It also shows that the formal distribution of competences between the EU and the member states in specific policy areas matters little in crisis times, as the EU can resort to emergency competences in such situations. The findings of this paper contribute to the literature on EU actorness and equally provide some insights on policy legacies and learning.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/c3zwt/" target="_blank">Will Europe be forged in crises? The impact of the Covid-19 and Ukraine crises on EU actorness</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 drives escape from mRNA vaccine-induced humoral immunity</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Since the COVID-19 pandemic began in 2020, viral sequencing has documented 131 individual mutations in the viral spike protein across 48 named variants. To determine the ability of vaccine-mediated humoral immunity to keep pace with continued SARS-CoV-2 evolution, we assessed the neutralization potency of sera from 76 vaccine recipients collected after 2 to 6 immunizations against a comprehensive panel of mutations observed during the pandemic. Remarkably, while many individual mutations that emerged between 2020 and 2022 exhibit escape from sera following primary vaccination, few escape boosted sera. However, progressive loss of neutralization was observed across newer variants, irrespective of vaccine doses. Importantly, an updated XBB.1.5 booster significantly increased titers against newer variants but not JN.1. These findings demonstrate that seasonal boosters improve titers against contemporaneous strains, but novel variants continue to evade updated mRNA vaccines, demonstrating the need for novel approaches to adequately control SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.05.24303815v1" target="_blank">Ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 drives escape from mRNA vaccine-induced humoral immunity</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The importance of mothers: The social transmission of COVID-19 vaccination attitudes and uptake</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The global fight against the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical importance of widespread vaccination to mitigate the impact of the virus on public health. The current study aimed to investigate which social influences might be most important for predicting attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination and vaccine uptake among young students in the UK. We focused on the cultural evolution and social transmission aspects, i.e., parent-to-child versus peer-to-peer, of attitudes and vaccine uptake during the COVID-19 pandemic.  A sample of 192 UK students (aged 18 to 35 years old) filled in an online survey including measures for attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination and vaccine uptake and/or intention, age, and gender. Participants were also asked about their mother’s, father’s, and best friend’s attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination and vaccine uptake. Finally, they provided a subjective measure of the quality relationship with their parents. Overall, our results suggest that both parents and very close friends are important agents in understanding the students’ attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination and vaccine uptake. More specifically, our findings suggest the mother’s vaccine uptake as the most salient predictor of students’ attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination and vaccine uptake, particularly when the students disclose having a positive relationship with their parents. In cases where students’ experience negative relationship with their parents, the best friend’s vaccine uptake may supersede the mother’s influence. Despite these nuances, a general trend emerges from our data suggesting that vaccine uptake could be primarily guided by vertical transmission (i.e., parent to child). Our results have the potential to influence public health strategies, communication campaigns, and targeted interventions to enhance vaccination uptake. Identifying key social predictors can enable policymakers and health authorities to tailor vaccination promotion efforts towards mothers’ and peers’ vaccine uptake to increase overall positive attitudes and vaccine uptake among young people.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.06.24303875v1" target="_blank">The importance of mothers: The social transmission of COVID-19 vaccination attitudes and uptake</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Predictors of mortality among COVID-19 patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Northern Tanzania: A hospital-based retrospective cohort study</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background COVID-19 disease is a global public health disaster causing a range of social, economic, and healthcare difficulties, border restrictions, high human loss, lockdown, and transportation challenges. Despite it being a global pandemic, there are few studies conducted in Tanzania to examine the predictors of mortality. This disease has caused a significant number of mortalities worldwide but literature shows low mortality and better survival in Africa than in other WHO regions. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the predictors of mortality among COVID-19 patients at KCMC Hospital in Northern Tanzania. Methodology This was the hospital-based retrospective cohort study, conducted at KCMC Hospital in Northern Tanzania among all admitted patients with confirmed COVID-19, from 10th March 2020 to 26th January 2022. The main study event was COVID-19 mortality. The predictors of mortality were determined by using the Weibull survival regression model and the statistically significant results were declared at a p-value of &lt;0.05. Results A total of 547 confirmed COVID-19 patient records were included in the study. Their median age was 63 (IQR; 53-83), about 60% were aged 60 years and above, and 56.7% were males. The most common clinical features were; fever (60.8%), a severe form of the disease (44.4%), difficulty in breathing (73.3%), chest pain (46.1%), and generalized body weakness (71.3%). Of all participants, over one-third (34.6%) died (95%CI; 0.31-0.39). The median survival time was 7 days (IQR; 3-12). The overall mortality rate was 32.33 per 1000 person-days while the independent predictors of higher mortality risk were age ≥60 years (AHR=2.01; 95%CI 1.41-2.87; P&lt;0.001), disease severity (AHR=4.44; 95%CI 2.56-7.73; P&lt;0.001) and male sex (AHR=1.28; 95%CI; 0.93-1.73; P=0.128). Conclusion Mortality was higher in elderly male patients, with a severe form of the disease and those with any comorbidities. Therefore, more attention should be provided to older patients including uptake of the current vaccine and ensuring standard and supportive care at primary health facilities is available.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.05.24303842v1" target="_blank">Predictors of mortality among COVID-19 patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Northern Tanzania: A hospital-based retrospective cohort study</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Accelerated brain age in young to early middle-aged adults after mild to moderate COVID-19 infection</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Cognitive decline is a common adverse effect of the Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19), particularly in the post-acute disease phase. The mechanisms of cognitive impairment after COVID-19 (COGVID) remain unclear, but neuroimaging studies provide evidence of brain changes, many that are associated with aging. Therefore, we calculated Brain Age Gap (BAG), which is the difference between brain age and chronological age, in a cohort of 25 mild to moderate COVID-19 survivors (did not experience breathlessness, pneumonia, or respiratory/organ failure) and 24 non-infected controls (mean age = 30 +/- 8) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). BAG was significantly higher in the COVID-19 group (F = 4.22, p = 0.046) by 2.65 years. Additionally, 80% of the COVID-19 group demonstrated an accelerated BAG compared to 13% in the control group (X2 = 20.0, p &lt; 0.001). Accelerated BAG was significantly correlated with lower cognitive function (p &lt; 0.041). Females in the COVID-19 group demonstrated a 99% decreased risk of accelerated BAG compared to males (OR = 0.015, 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.300). There was also a small (1.4%) but significant decrease in risk for accelerated BAG associated with longer time since COVID-19 diagnosis (OR = 0.986, 95% CI: 0.977 to 0.995). Our findings provide a novel biomarker of COGVID and point to accelerated brain aging as a potential mechanism of this adverse effect. Our results also offer further insight regarding gender-related disparities in cognitive morbidity associated with COVID-19.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.05.24303816v1" target="_blank">Accelerated brain age in young to early middle-aged adults after mild to moderate COVID-19 infection</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>COVID-19 Vaccination Booster Uptake Is Related to End of Pandemic Perception: Population-Based Survey in Four Provinces in Indonesia</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Global COVID-19 booster vaccination uptake has been low, particularly in low-middle-income countries (LMICs). However, studies on the determinants of COVID-19 booster vaccination remain limited, especially in LMIC settings. This study aims to describe the determinants of COVID-19 booster vaccination uptake in an LMIC context. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey that was conducted in September 2022 in four provinces in Indonesia. Participants (n=2,223) were recruited using multiple-stage cluster sampling. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with booster vaccination status. The proportion of COVID-19 booster vaccination among fully vaccinated adults was 29.5%, while fear of transmission (12.4%) and perceived risk of getting a COVID-19 infection (33.5%) were low. Multivariable analysis showed that people living on Java Island (aOR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.87-3.24), living in the urban area (aOR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.60-2.61), being an employee in the formal sector (aOR: 3.99, 95% CI: 1.93 - 8.58), experiencing a side effect from previous vaccination (aOR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.40-2.09), having a history of SARS-COV2 infection (aOR: 2.10, 95%CI: 1.27-3.50), having perception on the upcoming new wave of COVID-19 (aOR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.07 -1.76), and believing the pandemic has not ended (aOR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.64) were associated with booster shot uptake. Low educational level (aOR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.39-0.93) inhibited booster vaccination uptake. Current booster dose coverage was considerably lower than the primary vaccination dosage. The low booster vaccination uptake in four provinces was associated with a belief the pandemic has no longer, which might hinder the catch up of wide-population target coverage and COVID-19 control for reduced disease severity and hospitalization. Thus, efforts need to be prioritized in reaching the COVID-19 vulnerable population, which includes elderly and those with comorbidities.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.05.24303828v1" target="_blank">COVID-19 Vaccination Booster Uptake Is Related to End of Pandemic Perception: Population-Based Survey in Four Provinces in Indonesia</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Community level variability in Bronx COVID-19 hospitalizations associated with differing viral variant adaptive strategies during the second year of the pandemic.</strong> -
<div>
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The Bronx, New York, exhibited unique peaks in the number of COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations compared to national trends. To determine which features of the SARS-CoV-2 virus might underpin this local disease epidemiology, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the genomic epidemiology of the four dominant strains of SARS-CoV-2 (Alpha, Iota, Delta and Omicron) responsible for COVID-19 cases in the Bronx between March 2020 and January 2023. Genomic analysis revealed similar viral fitness for Alpha and Iota variants in the Bronx compared to nationwide data. However, Delta and Omicron variants had increased fitness within the borough. While the transmission dynamics of most variants in the Bronx corresponded with mutational fitness-based predictions of transmissibility, the Delta variant presented as an exception. Epidemiological modeling confirms Delta9s advantages of higher transmissibility, and suggested pre-existing immunity within the community counteracted Delta virulence, contributing to unexpectedly low Bronx hospitalizations compared to preceding strains. There were few novel T-cell epitope mutations in Delta compared to Iota which suggests Delta had fewer immune escape mechanisms to subvert pre-existing immunity within the Bronx. The combination of epidemiological models and quantifying amino acid changes in T-cell and antibody epitopes also revealed an evolutionary trade-off between Alphas higher transmissibility and Iotas immune evasion, potentially explaining why the Bronx Iota variant remained dominant despite the introduction of the nationwide dominant Alpha variant. Together, our study demonstrates that localized analyses and integration of orthogonal community-level datasets can provide key insights into the mechanisms of transmission and immunity patterns associated with regional COVID-19 incidence and disease severity that may be missed when analyzing broader datasets.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.05.24303791v1" target="_blank">Community level variability in Bronx COVID-19 hospitalizations associated with differing viral variant adaptive strategies during the second year of the pandemic.</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVIDVaxStories: Randomized Trial to Reduce COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Populations of Color</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Vaccine Hesitancy <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: Storytelling; Behavioral: Learn More (Active Comparator) <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: University of Massachusetts, Worcester; Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme LLC <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>An E-health Psychoeducation for People With Bipolar Disorders</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Bipolar Disorder; Psychoeducation; COVID-19 Pandemic <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Other: e-health psychoeducation <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: University of Cagliari; Alessandra Perra <br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Sulfureous Water Therapy in Viral Respiratory Diseases</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Long-COVID; Post COVID-19 Condition; Chronic COVID-19 Syndrome; Post Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Other: Inhalation of Sulfurous Thermal Water; Other: Inhalation of Sterile Distilled non-pyrogenic Water <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: University of Roma La Sapienza; Università degli studi di Roma Foro Italico; Queen Mary University of London; Bios Prevention Srl <br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Phase 3 Study of the Safety and Immunogenicity of COVID-19 and Influenza Combination Vaccine</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: CIC Vaccine Co-formulated tNIV2 , SARSCoV-2 rS and Matrix-M Adjuvant; Biological: Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine; Biological: Comparator Influenza Vaccine - Fluarix; Biological: Comparator Influenza Vaccine -Fluarix High Dose; Biological: Placebo 0.9% sodium chloride for injection <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Novavax <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of KGR Prescriptions in Suppressing COVID-19 Infection.</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Coronavirus Disease 2019; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Combination Product: Kang Guan Recipe (Treat); Combination Product: Kang Guan Recipe (Placebo) <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Sheng-Teng Huang <br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SHEN211 Tablets for the Treatment of Mild and Moderate Novel Corona Virus Infections (COVID-19)</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: SHEN211 Tablets; Procedure: Placebo for SHEN211 Tablets <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: JKT Biopharma Co., Ltd. <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>INAVAC Vaccine Phase III (Immunobridging Study) in Healthy Population Aged 12 to 17 Years Old</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 Pandemic; COVID-19 Vaccines <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: INAVAC (Vaksin Merah Putih - UA-SARS CoV-2 (Vero Cell Inactivated) 5 µg <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Dr. Soetomo General Hospital; Indonesia-MoH; Universitas Airlangga; PT Biotis Pharmaceuticals, Indonesia <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Immunogenicity and Safety Study of Self-amplifying mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Administered With Influenza Vaccines in Adults</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: ARCT-2303; Biological: Influenza vaccine; Biological: Influenza vaccine, adjuvanted; Other: Placebo <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Arcturus Therapeutics, Inc.; Seqirus; Novotech (Australia) Pty Limited <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Evaluate the Safety &amp; Immunogenicity of IMNN-101 Administered in Healthy Adults Previously Vaccinated Against SARS-CoV-2</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: SARS CoV 2 Infection <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: IMNN-101 <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Imunon <br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effectiveness of a Nasal Spray on Viral Respiratory Infections</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Acute Respiratory Tract Infection; Flu, Human; COVID-19; Common Cold <br/><b>Interventions</b>: Device: Nasal Spray HSV Treatment <br/><b>Sponsors</b>: CEN Biotech; Urgo Research, Innovation &amp; Development <br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Indole Propionic Acid Disturbs the Normal Function of Tryptophanyl-tRNA Synthetase in <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em></strong> - Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the second-most contagious killer after COVID-19. The emergence of drug-resistant TB has caused a great need to identify and develop new anti-TB drugs with novel targets. Indole propionic acid (IPA), a structural analog of tryptophan (Trp), is active against M. tuberculosis in vitro and in vivo. It has been verified that IPA exerts its antimicrobial effect by mimicking Trp as an allosteric inhibitor of…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effects of Lamiaceae family plants and their bioactive ingredients on coronavirus-induced lung inflammation</strong> - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a family of viruses that cause infection in respiratory and intestinal systems. Different types of CoVs, those responsible for the SARS-CoV and the new global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 in people, have been found. Some plants were used as food additives: spices and dietary and/or medicinal purposes in folk medicine. We aimed to provide evidence about possible effects of two Lamiaceae family plants on control or treatment of CoVs-induced inflammation. The…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Deregulation of interferon-gamma receptor 1 expression and its implications for lung adenocarcinoma progression</strong> - Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) plays a dual role in cancer; it is both a pro- and an antitumorigenic cytokine, depending on the type of cancer. The deregulation of the IFN-γ canonic pathway is associated with several disorders, including vulnerability to viral infections, inflammation, and cancer progression. In particular, the interplay between lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and viral infections appears to exist in association with the deregulation of IFN-γ signaling. In this mini-review, we investigated…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The role of N-acetylcysteine in decreasing neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in COVID-19 patients: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial</strong> - N-acetylcysteine has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that could potentially improve the clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. N-acetylcysteine potentially inhibits NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome and results in control oxidative stress and cytokine release in COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of N-acetylcysteine in reducing the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in COVID-19 patients. A…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Metabolic profiling of milk thistle different organs using UPLC-TQD-MS/MS coupled to multivariate analysis in relation to their selective antiviral potential</strong> - CONCLUSION: This study valorizes the importance of different S. marianum organs as wealthy sources of selective and effective antiviral candidates. This approach can be extended to unravel potentially active constituents from complex plant matrices.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Role of Microbiota-Derived Corisin in Coagulation Activation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection</strong> - CONCLUSION: The microbiota-derived corisin is significantly increased and correlated with activation of the coagulation system during SARS-CoV-2 infection, and corisin may directly increase the procoagulant activity in epithelial, endothelial and monocytic cells.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Risks of infection and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 in kidney transplant recipients: A single-center cohort study</strong> - CONCLUSION: In kidney transplant recipients, the infection rate and severity of COVID-19 tended to increase with higher maintenance doses of steroids. Recipients taking &gt;5 mg of prednisolone should be considered a switch from tacrolimus to cyclosporine because cyclosporine may inhibit viral replication and reduce the risk of infection.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Metabolic regulation of neutrophil functions in homeostasis and diseases</strong> - Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in humans and play a role in the innate immune response by being the first cells attracted to the site of infection. While early studies presented neutrophils as almost exclusively glycolytic cells, recent advances show that these cells use several metabolic pathways other than glycolysis, such as the pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and glutaminolysis, which they modulate to perform their functions….</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Transcriptome analysis reveals organ-specific effects of 2-deoxyglucose treatment in healthy mice</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that 2DG has a systemic impact that varies across organs, potentially affecting multiple pathways and functions. The study provides insights into the potential therapeutic benefits of 2DG across different diseases and highlights the importance of understanding its systemic effects for future research and clinical applications.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Repurposing of SARS-CoV-2 compounds against Marburg Virus using MD simulation, mm/GBSA, PCA analysis, and free energy landscape</strong> - The significant mortality rate associated with Marburg virus infection made it the greatest hazard among infectious diseases. Drug repurposing using in silico methods has been crucial in identifying potential compounds that could prevent viral replication by targeting the virus’s primary proteins. This study aimed at repurposing the drugs of SARS-CoV-2 for identifying potential candidates against the matrix protein VP40 of the Marburg virus. Virtual screening was performed where the control…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Natural products as a source of Coronavirus entry inhibitors</strong> - The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant and lasting impact on the world. Four years on, despite the existence of effective vaccines, the continuous emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants remains a challenge for long-term immunity. Additionally, there remain few purpose-built antivirals to protect individuals at risk of severe disease in the event of future coronavirus outbreaks. A promising mechanism of action for novel coronavirus antivirals is the inhibition of viral entry. To facilitate…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antigenic drift and immunity gap explain reduction in protective responses against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study of human sera collected in 2019, 2021, 2022, and 2023</strong> - CONCLUSION: The observed reduction in protective antibodies against A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses post COVID-19 is best explained by antigenic drift of emerging viruses, and not waning of antibody responses in the general population. However, the absence of influenza during the pandemic resulted in an immunity gap in the youngest children. While this immunity gap was partially closed following the 2022/2023 influenza season, children with elevated risk of severe infection should be…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Glycan-directed SARS-CoV-2 inhibition by leek extract and lectins with insights into the mode-of-action of Concanavalin A</strong> - Four years after its outbreak, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a global challenge for human health. At its surface, SARS-CoV-2 features numerous extensively glycosylated spike proteins. This glycan coat supports virion docking and entry into host cells and at the same time renders the virus less susceptible to neutralizing antibodies. Given the high genetic plasticity of SARS-CoV-2 and the rapid emergence of immune escape variants, targeting the glycan shield…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Structural Relationships to Efficacy for Prazole-Derived Antivirals</strong> - Here, an in vitro characterization of a family of prazole derivatives that covalently bind to the C73 site on Tsg101 and assay their ability to inhibit viral particle production is presented. Structurally, increased steric bulk on the 4-pyridyl of the prazole expands the prazole site on the UEV domain toward the β-hairpin in the Ub-binding site and is coupled to increased inhibition of virus-like particle production in HIV-1. Increased bulk also increased toxicity, which is alleviated by…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>BPR3P0128, a non-nucleoside RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor, inhibits SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and exerts synergistic antiviral activity in combination with remdesivir</strong> - Viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), a highly conserved molecule in RNA viruses, has recently emerged as a promising drug target for broad-acting inhibitors. Through a Vero E6-based anti-cytopathic effect assay, we found that BPR3P0128, which incorporates a quinoline core similar to hydroxychloroquine, outperformed the adenosine analog remdesivir in inhibiting RdRp activity (EC(50) = 0.66 µM and 3 µM, respectively). BPR3P0128 demonstrated broad-spectrum activity against various severe…</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Forty-three Mexican Students Went Missing. What Really Happened to Them?</strong> - One night in 2014, a group of young men from a rural teachers’ college vanished. Since then, their families have fought for answers. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2024/03/11/what-really-happened-to-the-forty-three">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Lucy Prebble’s Dramas of High Anxiety</strong> - In plays such as “The Effect” and TV shows such as “I Hate Suzie” and “Succession,” the writer has become an expert at getting deep inside worried characters’ heads. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2024/03/11/lucy-prebbles-dramas-of-high-anxiety">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Joe Biden’s Last Campaign</strong> - Trailing Trump in polls and facing doubts about his age, the President voices defiant confidence in his prospects for reëlection. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2024/03/11/joe-biden-profile-re-election-campaign-donald-trump">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Legacy of RuPaul’s “Drag Race”</strong> - The drag star brought the form mainstream, and made an empire out of queer expression. Now he fears “the absolute worst.” - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2024/03/11/rupaul-doesnt-see-how-thats-any-of-your-business">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Obscene Energy Demands of A.I.</strong> - How can the world reach net zero if it keeps inventing new ways to consume energy? - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-obscene-energy-demands-of-ai">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>What should I do if I didn’t pay my taxes?</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="A figure climbs from one rung to another, representing changing tax brackets" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/6Xp0k20rxVpi6nkCpE2dekDCtDg=/240x0:1680x1080/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/73193759/NicoleDeiker_Tax_FinanceColumn.0.png"/>
<figcaption>
Paige Vickers for Vox
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
And other tax questions from Vox readers, answered.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Q5UCqq">
<em>On the Money is a monthly advice column. If you want advice on spending, saving, or investing — or any of the complicated emotions that may come up as you prepare to make big financial decisions — you can </em><a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScXuTsmpi2VQ6ZoRVEeHrgBSpkPkWSRWDH4zeY_TMBtPAhc4w/viewform"><em><strong>submit your question on this form</strong></em></a><em>. </em>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DWd7dh">
This month, we’re answering four reader questions about taxes — and to ensure that we’re giving the best advice, I’m teaming up with <a href="https://caitlynneldridge.com/">Caitlynn Eldridge</a>, an Omaha-based CPA who has spent her entire career focusing on tax prep, including two years with Deloitte Tax Services. You can read more of Eldridge’s advice in our <a href="https://www.vox.com/money/24086000/taxes-cpa-self-refund-return-irs">CPA Q&amp;A</a>, but let’s start with these four common tax questions.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JoO3ls">
<strong>I moved into a new tax bracket. How should I manage that, and what are the things I should be aware of?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="vKSIZM">
<strong>ND: </strong>Okay, I feel like both you and I know the answer to this one, but it needs restating.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7RAn48">
<em>(We didn’t actually restate this, but if we had, it would have gone something like this: When you move into a new tax bracket, only the amount of money that falls within the new bracket gets taxed at a higher amount. If you are a single person whose income went from $90,000 to $100,000, for example, according to the </em><a href="https://www.irs.gov/filing/federal-income-tax-rates-and-brackets"><em>2023 tax brackets</em></a><em> you’d pay 10 percent tax on the first $11,000 of your income, and then you’d pay 12 percent tax on the next tranche of income up to $44,725, then 22 percent on the next tranche up to $95,375, and 24 percent on the last chunk of your income. You’re really only paying higher taxes on $4,625, in this example — and that number could be even smaller depending on your deductions and credits.)</em>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Cnub0L">
<strong>CE:</strong> Yes! You have to pay a new percentage on every dollar in the new bracket, but nothing else has changed!
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xRZKsS">
<strong>ND:</strong> The old money still gets old taxed!
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qGfFCI">
<strong>CE: </strong>I still have clients who come to me and say, “I don’t want to make any more money. I’m paying too much in taxes!” We don’t have a 100 percent tax bracket, you’re still making money, go enjoy!
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="f13Wow">
<strong>What should I do if I haven’t paid my taxes in previous years? I’m lost on how to remedy this.</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="U3qNBO">
<strong>CE:</strong> When you’ve fallen behind on your taxes, that’s when it’s time to get somebody to help you. It’s going to cost you to have a professional come in, but you’re going to want some handholding as you go back and file. There’s a decent chance that if you were a W-2 employee, you might not owe any money. You might even get a refund! But if you do owe, the IRS is really good about it. There are payment plans, maybe you can find a family member to give you a low-interest loan, and we can work with the IRS. They’re not showing up at your door, you’re not getting arrested, we have time to work things out. That said, we need to get something filed so you can move on with your life.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="lLBKBi">
<em>(We should have mentioned that there is a point at which </em><a href="https://www.irs.gov/compliance/criminal-investigation/union-county-man-convicted-of-tax-evasion-and-failing-to-file-tax-returns"><em>you can get arrested for tax evasion</em></a><em> and other forms of tax fraud, so be aware that you can’t just put off paying your taxes indefinitely. Also, you may be charged penalties for late filing and missed payments — which is why it’s a good idea to </em><a href="https://www.irs.gov/taxtopics/tc153"><em>get caught up on your taxes</em></a><em> as quickly as possible.) </em>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="UrvkWL">
<strong>ND:</strong> And just to reiterate — if you’re 18 and you have a part-time job, you need to pay taxes. If you’re in school and you have a scholarship, you’re probably paying taxes.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IgHRfB">
<strong>CE:</strong> Yes! Even if you’re 16, if you’re working, you’re going to owe. If you drove for <a href="https://www.vox.com/uber">Uber</a> Eats, that’s income. The IRS doesn’t distinguish between part-time jobs and gig economy jobs and full-time jobs. If you’re making money, you have to report it. That said, you have to make over whatever the standard deduction is for the year before you might end up paying any taxes [beyond what is deducted out of your paycheck], and if you have a scholarship, you have to earn more with your scholarship than what you’re paying in costs for it to be considered income.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kQqeK8">
<strong>My partner and I decided not to get legally married, and we have a son. How do we decide who claims our son for taxes?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="772Coh">
<strong>ND:</strong> I don’t know the answer to this one, which is why I’m very glad you’re here.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Dd3uDC">
<strong>CE:</strong> In this case, since it sounds like the letter writer and their partner are on good terms, they get to decide. I’d lean toward the person with the higher income, since they might see the bigger benefit, but this is where we can use tax software to figure things out. If this person claims the child as a dependent, what will their taxes look like, and if the other person claims the child as a dependent, what will those taxes look like, and which one is better? When we’re getting along, we get to make the decision. We don’t have to go through the IRS tiebreaker rules. If we get to the point where we’re not getting along and we’re not communicating, then we start asking questions like, “Who did the child live with for the majority of the year?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="F5HCDu">
<strong>I got married and we bought our first house this year. Everyone keeps telling us we’re going to have a big refund. Is that true? I’ve always done my own taxes, do I need a tax professional for this eventful year?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Jr7ZLE">
<strong>ND:</strong> Is this the year to go pro?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="L6qt12">
<strong>CE:</strong> Totally do it yourself. The house, typically, would have been a big deal when more people itemized their deductions. Ever since the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) came into effect, the standard deduction became so high that it’s very, very rare to see anybody itemize. Not only did the standard deduction go up, but we also capped itemizing our taxes for state purposes. Honestly, the fact that you bought a house won’t have that much of an effect on your taxes, so you’re just going to pull up that software and your status is going to be married filing jointly, most likely, and you’re going to put in your W-2s and take the standard deduction. The software can definitely handle that for you.
</p></li>
<li><strong>Congress wants to ban TikTok — but don’t panic just yet</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="A phone held in two hands displays the TikTok logo." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/sw6IBAluYCM7l5T4tJxOuoBMEVQ=/350x0:4151x2851/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/73193728/1479771697.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
In this photo illustration, an 11-year-old boy looks at the TikTok app on a smartphone screen in the village of St Jean d’Aulps on April 4, 2023, near Morzine, France. | Matt Cardy/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A user revolt has only made Congress more determined to ban TikTok. But it’s not over.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GxljrM">
This week, congressional offices on <a href="https://www.vox.com/congress">Capitol Hill</a> were inundated with phone calls and social media posts begging them to reconsider an audacious bill currently moving through Congress: a potential ban on <a href="https://www.vox.com/tiktok">TikTok</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="htX2Zt">
The social media app told its users to call their members of Congress in protest of the new <a href="https://selectcommitteeontheccp.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/selectcommitteeontheccp.house.gov/files/evo-media-document/Protecting%20Americans%20From%20Foriegn%20Adversary%20Controlled%20Applications_3.5.24.pdf">bipartisan bill</a>, arguing that a ban would infringe on their constitutional right to free expression and harm businesses and creators across the country.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zpqabS">
Teens and the elderly alike reportedly pleaded with congressional staff, <a href="https://x.com/Olivia_Beavers/status/1765778091278778697?s=20">saying they spend all day on the app</a>. Creators posted on TikTok urging their followers to do the same. Some offices decided to <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2024/mar/07/tiktok-users-protest-congress-potential-ban">temporarily shut down their phone lines</a> as a result, which meant that they couldn’t field calls from their constituents about other issues either.
</p>
<div id="c9ogSH">
<blockquote cite="https://www.tiktok.com/@anthonyallistair/video/7343426799516405035" class="tiktok-embed">
<section>
<a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@anthonyallistair?refer=embed" target="_blank" title="@anthonyallistair"><span class="citation" data-cites="anthonyallistair">@anthonyallistair</span></a>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
<a href="https://www.tiktok.com/tag/greenscreen?refer=embed" target="_blank" title="greenscreen">#greenscreen</a> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/tag/tiktokshutdown?refer=embed" target="_blank" title="tiktokshutdown">#tiktokshutdown</a> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/tag/tiktokban?refer=embed" target="_blank" title="tiktokban">#tiktokban</a> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/tag/tiktokshutdown2024?refer=embed" target="_blank" title="tiktokshutdown2024">#tiktokshutdown2024</a> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/tag/popculture?refer=embed" target="_blank" title="popculture">#popculture</a> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/tag/creatorsoftiktok?refer=embed" target="_blank" title="creatorsoftiktok">#creatorsoftiktok</a> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/tag/breakingnews?refer=embed" target="_blank" title="breakingnews">#breakingnews</a> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/tag/usa?refer=embed" target="_blank" title="usa">#usa</a> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/tag/fyp?refer=embed" target="_blank" title="fyp">#fyp</a>
</p>
<a href="https://www.tiktok.com/music/original-sound-7343426921717435179?refer=embed" target="_blank" title="♬ original sound - #Californiaguy">♬ original sound - #Californiaguy</a>
</section>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="eA4fU1">
Lawmakers in both parties <a href="https://x.com/Olivia_Beavers/status/1765813340310270456?s=20">didn’t take kindly to the impromptu lobbying frenzy</a>. Some characterized it as confirmation of their fears that the Chinese-owned app — which is <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tiktok-banned-us-government-where-else-around-the-world/">already banned on government devices</a> — is brainwashing America. The overrun phone lines were merely “making the case” for the bill, US Rep. Chip Roy (R-TX) <a href="https://x.com/chiproytx/status/1765779738931404936?s=20">wrote on X</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="h4SS41">
Indeed, all 50 members of the US House Committee on Energy and Commerce voted Thursday to advance the legislation, which would require TikTok’s Chinese parent company ByteDance to divest from the app within 165 days or else it will be removed from US app stores.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6SXJNO">
That sets up a vote on the House floor <a href="https://twitter.com/SteveScalise/status/1765869542121599159">next week</a>. The White House has backed the bill from the beginning, reportedly providing <a href="https://punchbowl.news/article/gallagher-krishnamoorthi-tiktok-bill-gets-white-house-backing/">technical support</a> to legislators when they were drafting it (even as <a href="https://www.vox.com/joe-biden">President Joe Biden</a>’s reelection campaign has <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2024/02/12/biden-campaign-debuts-official-tiktok.html">started using TikTok for voter outreach</a>).
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1wnqvp">
In other words, this bill isn’t just grandstanding. It has a real chance of becoming law.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2k00R9">
That said, there’s the crucial question of whether it would survive legal scrutiny. A federal court recently overturned a <a href="https://www.vox.com/politics/2023/5/18/23728598/montana-tiktok-ban-bytedance-china-enforcement">Montana law </a>that sought to <a href="https://www.vox.com/2023/3/23/23653325/tiktok-ban-us-china-congress">ban TikTok</a>. Though legislators sponsoring the US House bill argue that it is narrow in scope and would not amount to a total ban on TikTok that would violate the First Amendment, some legal experts believe otherwise.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VwKJnD">
“In my view, this loaded gun is a ban in all but name, and banning TikTok is obviously unconstitutional,” said Ramya Krishnan, a staff attorney at the Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University. “This ban on TikTok is materially the same [as the Montana ban] in all the ways that matter.”
</p>
<h3 id="sAmq0J">
Can Congress ban TikTok?
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KFoltL">
The constitutional law here appears straightforward: Congress can’t outright ban TikTok or any social media platform unless it can prove that it poses legitimate and serious privacy and <a href="https://www.vox.com/defense-and-security">national security</a> concerns that can’t be addressed by any other means. The bar for such a justification is necessarily very high in order to protect Americans’ First Amendment rights, Krishnan said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oS9okz">
Lawmakers argue that the bill under consideration isn’t actually a total ban. Rather, it would enact a new authority to ban apps in “narrowly defined situations” when they are controlled by a foreign adversary, New Jersey Rep. Frank Pallone, the ranking Democrat on the Energy and Commerce Committee,<a href="https://democrats-energycommerce.house.gov/media/press-releases/pallone-remarks-markup-legislation-protect-americans-data-and-national"> said </a>before the committee Thursday. He compared the bill to historical efforts to prevent foreign ownership of US airwaves due to national security concerns.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MPb4Q4">
“It is no different here, and I take the concerns raised by the intelligence community very seriously,” he said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sTj8bU">
Other House lawmakers have <a href="https://selectcommitteeontheccp.house.gov/media/press-releases/gallagher-bipartisan-coalition-introduce-legislation-protect-americans-0">criticized TikTok</a> for attempting to portray the bill as a total ban.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Yp9W97">
But legal experts say that an indirect ban may still be unconstitutional under the First Amendment. Civil society groups including the American Civil Liberties Union and the Center for Democracy and Technology <a href="https://cdt.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Coalition_Letter_Opposing_H.R._7521.pdf">wrote in a recent letter to federal lawmakers</a> that jeopardizing access to TikTok — ”home to massive amounts of protected speech and association” — also “jeopardizes access to free expression.” There are also arguably less restrictive and more effective means of protecting any national security interests at stake in this bill, they asserted, considering the Chinese government could continue to access Americans’ data in other ways.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ed5jtm">
“This bill would functionally ban the distribution of TikTok in the United States, and would grant the President broad new powers to ban other social media platforms based on their country of origin,” they said in the letter.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ntfZF5">
Many experts believe it is unlikely that the government will be able to meet the high standard to prove that TikTok poses privacy and national security concerns that can’t otherwise be resolved, said Kate Ruane, director of CDT’s Free Expression Project. Lawmakers have publicly cited concerns about the Chinese government using the app to <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/china-espionage-tiktok-spying-national-security/">spy on Americans</a> and to spread propaganda that could be used to <a href="https://time.com/6836078/tiktok-sold-banned-2024-election/">influence the 2024 presidential election</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ANB3Yj">
Though TikTok has repeatedly insisted that it has never shared user data with the Chinese government nor been asked to do so, a former employee of ByteDance has alleged in court that the government had nevertheless <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/06/08/tech/tiktok-data-china/index.html">accessed such data</a> on a widespread basis for political purposes during the 2018 protests in Hong Kong. And in December, TikTok parent company ByteDance acknowledged it had fired four employees who <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/12/22/tiktoks-chinese-owner-fires-workers-who-gathered-data-journalists/">accessed the data of two journalists </a>while trying to track down an internal leaker.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5ht40f">
But so far, members of Congress have not provided concrete proof for their claims about Chinese digital espionage and seem to have little interest in offering any transparency: Before the committee voted to advance the bill Thursday, lawmakers had a <a href="https://www.reuters.com/technology/new-push-congress-ban-tiktok-or-force-chinese-divestiture-gains-steam-2024-03-07/">closed-door classified briefing</a> on national security concerns associated with TikTok.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="SATlU3">
“TikTok is Communist Chinese malware that is poisoning the minds of our next generation and giving the CCP unfettered access to troves of Americans’ data,” US Rep. Elise Stefanik (R-NY) said in a statement. “We cannot allow the CCP to continue to harness this digital weapon.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="89RyJb">
However, national security experts have also questioned the rationale behind a ban. Mike German, a former FBI special agent and fellow at the Brennan Centre for Justice’s Liberty and National Security Program, <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2023/3/28/bid-to-ban-tiktok-raises-hypocrisy-charge-amid-global-spying#:~:text=%E2%80%9CWhen%20somebody%20puts%20the%20TikTok,Security%20Program%2C%20told%20Al%20Jazeera">told Al Jazeera</a> that, like many American apps, TikTok collects data on its users that a foreign government could theoretically use for its own hostile purposes. But those governments could just as well buy Americans’ data on a legitimate open market, where the sale of that data remains unrestricted.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TWcUp1">
And even if lawmakers did provide more evidence of national security concerns, it’s still not clear that the ban would pass legal muster.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BIj1FU">
Courts have already applied strict scrutiny to previous attempts to ban TikTok. A federal judge <a href="https://www.npr.org/2023/11/30/1205735647/montana-tiktok-ban-blocked-state">blocked the Montana TikTok ban</a> — which also imposed a financial penalty on TikTok and any app store hosting it each time a user accesses or is offered the ability to access the app — before it was scheduled to go into effect in November.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1h8j3M">
Montana lawmakers justified the ban as a means of protecting the privacy interests of consumers in the state. But US District Judge Donald Molloy wrote in his ruling that the law overstepped the Montana legislature’s powers and left “little doubt that Montana’s legislature and Attorney General were more interested in targeting <a href="https://www.vox.com/china">China</a>’s ostensible role in TikTok than with protecting Montana consumers.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RgSXhf">
Former <a href="https://www.vox.com/donald-trump">President Donald Trump</a> also twice tried to ban TikTok via executive action, only for courts to <a href="https://www.npr.org/2020/12/07/944039053/u-s-judge-halts-trumps-tiktok-ban-the-2nd-court-to-fully-block-the-action">strike down his proposal</a> both times.
</p>
<h3 id="u3nO0q">
What lawmakers could do instead of banning TikTok
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AoqlaZ">
If lawmakers are serious about protecting privacy and national security, Ruane said, they should instead pass comprehensive digital privacy legislation.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fO55de">
“That would be a better path forward,” she said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oEPPqh">
Her organization, the Center for Democracy and Technology, has supported a bipartisan bill that <a href="https://energycommerce.house.gov/posts/bipartisan-ec-leaders-hail-committee-passage-of-the-american-data-privacy-and-protection-act">passed a committee vote</a> in 2022: the <a href="https://www.commerce.senate.gov/services/files/9BA7EF5C-7554-4DF2-AD05-AD940E2B3E50">American Data Privacy and Protection Act</a>. It included provisions requiring companies to allow consumers to consent to or reject the collection of their data, to allow consumers to download the data being collected on them and delete it, requiring consumers’ affirmative consent to share that data with a third party, and more.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fEyVaf">
It was the culmination of a decades-long effort to regulate the collection, use, and sale of consumer data, similar to the <a href="https://www.vox.com/european-union">European Union</a>’s <a href="https://gdpr.eu/what-is-gdpr/">regulatory efforts</a>. It would have <a href="https://www.law.umaryland.edu/content/articles/name-659578-en.html">tasked</a> the Federal Trade Commission and state attorneys general with enforcing the law and preempted the patchwork of privacy laws that have been enacted at the state level in the absence of comprehensive federal legislation.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Kuqszf">
However, the privacy bill stalled in Congress and was not reintroduced; Ruane said it’s unclear why. Now lawmakers are moving forward instead with the bill that could ban TikTok — without solving the underlying privacy concerns.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2ePb4a">
“This bill would fail to protect us from the many threats to our digital privacy posed by criminals, private companies, and foreign actors,” said David Greene, civil liberties director at the Electronic Frontier Foundation. “Comprehensive <a href="https://www.vox.com/privacy">data privacy</a> legislation is the solution we need — not bans of certain categories of apps.”
</p></li>
<li><strong>What does winning an Oscar even mean anyway?</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="A close-up of an Oscar statue’s head." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/Su0uZyKRSkgVG7yNMrmR9sg7CYo=/363x0:7648x5464/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/73192573/2059251400.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
A view of a large Oscar statue on the red carpet during the set-up of the 96th Academy Awards red carpet at the Dolby Theatre at Ovation Hollywood on March 7, 2024, in Los Angeles, California. | Michael Buckner/Variety via Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A better question to ask than who wins the Oscar: Who benefits the most, win or lose?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="q5LbRc">
Ah, the <a href="https://www.vox.com/oscars">Oscars</a>. Sunday night’s 96th Academy Awards are the night of a thousand stars and a thousand dreams (<a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/2/27/14748228/oscar-best-picture-moonlight-la-la-land-mixup-beatty-dunaway">hello, <em>Moonlight</em></a>!) — or heartbreaks, if you’re among the losers (<a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/2/22/14691028/oscar-predictions-best-picture-la-la-land">sorry, <em>La La Land</em></a>). The victorious moment can send a career careening to new heights (hello, Matt Damon and Ben Affleck!) or nudge it in exactly the same direction it was previously headed. (sorry to <a href="https://www.watchmojo.com/articles/top-10-oscar-winning-actors-who-fell-off-the-map">Mo’Nique</a>.)
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="otJClY">
“Winning an Oscar changed my life, but I can’t say it changed it for the better,” Melissa Leo, who won 2011 Best Supporting Actress for <em>The Fighter</em>, <a href="https://www.closerweekly.com/posts/actress-melissa-leo-talks-oscar-win-that-changed-her-expectations/">said in a 2022 interview</a>. “Post-Academy Award, I was like, ‘Oh, this is so great! So the work is just going to come in now, all these leading roles!’ I began to have expectations, and I had to get over that.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XLo3IK">
Seldom is a career trajectory a straight line; for every Daniel Day-Lewis whose career remains ascendant after their first win, there’s a Leo, whose unforgettable performance didn’t necessarily translate to a career payoff. At times, the overexposure of <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2019/2/21/18229512/oscar-campaigns-for-your-consideration-events-narratives-weinstein">an Oscar campaign</a> can backfire; actresses like Anne Hathaway and Marisa Tomei have had to suffer through years or even <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/2/27/14748228/oscar-best-picture-moonlight-la-la-land-mixup-beatty-dunaway">decades</a> of <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/4/10/15179082/anne-hathaway-publicity-cycle-hathahaters-jennifer-lawrence-taylor-swift">backlash</a> for their Oscar wins. The <a href="https://www.poconorecord.com/story/entertainment/music/2015/08/08/diablo-cody-weathers-oscar-backlash/33721531007/">backlash</a> against Diablo Cody for … writing an Oscar-winning script while being a woman … was so intense that it not only wrecked her career for over a decade, but shut women out of winning the screenwriting category for <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/22403023/oscars-2021-milestones-chloe-zhao-best-director">a full 13 years</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="usfDle">
Many of these complicated outcomes boil down to three things that always seem to go hand in hand with the Oscars: <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/07/jennifer-lawrence-slams-hollywood-gender-pay-gap-in-vogue-interview.html">sexism</a>, <a href="https://www.vox.com/2016/1/14/10767662/oscar-nominations-2016-so-white">racism</a>, and the toxic combination thereof, <a href="https://apnews.com/article/danielle-deadwyler-oscars-snub-12db71a080acf7a4bb3b1407f497e79e">misogynoir</a>. Sometimes, though, the Oscars and the subsequent choices of the people who win them are just weird. The ins and outs of Oscar nominations and wins — who gets them, who benefits from getting them, and what happens after you bring home that funny gold statuette — are so complicated that we decided to call in reinforcements to get to the bottom of what it all means. Here, three experts weigh in on what makes the acting Oscars matter, and what the criteria are for a true Oscars success story.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4ntuUf">
<em>The interviews have been condensed and edited for clarity.</em>
</p>
<h3 id="hHUXzW">
<a href="https://www.vanityfair.com/contributor/katey-rich">Katey Rich</a>, Vanity Fair editor and creator of the podcast <a href="https://www.vanityfair.com/podcast/little-gold-men"><em>Little Gold Men</em></a>
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="L7lIHG">
<strong>Do you think an Oscar win has any type of consistency and impact for an actor? I’m not sure that it does.</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="H9396G">
I think it really depends on who you are and at what point in your career you are. <em>La La Land</em> [for which <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/1/5/14153546/emma-stone-la-la-land-best-actress">Emma Stone won Best Actress</a> in 2017] was made because Emma Stone was already a star. She had been in big <a href="https://www.vox.com/movies">movies</a>. She was something you could pin a movie like that on. But then she wins the Oscar and immediately goes and gets cast in <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2019/2/20/18222092/favourite-best-picture-oscars-2019-win-lose"><em>The Favourite</em></a>, which leads to this collaboration with Yorgos Lanthimos [who directed Stone to an Oscar-nominated performance in this season’s <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/23992608/poor-things-oscar-nominee-review-emma-stone-yorgos-lanthimos"><em>Poor Things</em></a>]. It kind of gives her this sheen of prestige that she wouldn’t have had having graduated up from <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/23511607/comedy-box-office-2022-clooney-bullock-roberts-bros-feig-mottola"><em>Superbad</em></a> and <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1570728/"><em>Crazy, Stupid Love</em></a>. It kind of helped her level up in this way and be able to exercise her power. Certainly the same for Jennifer Lawrence. She won really early on in her career.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="rWn1rU">
But those are also people who already had the attention of the industry, who were already on their way to being stars. They’re young, beautiful women. But then you have artists like Mo’Nique — she wins Best Supporting Actress [for <em>Precious</em>], but she had specific ideas of what she wanted her career to be and really wasn’t trying to climb up a ladder as a result of it. I don’t think winning the Oscar had a ton of impact on her career at all, partly because of her choice, and partly because she did not fit the mold.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6JCyIy">
I think there’s a huge race component to that, but even Melissa Leo had been a character actress for a long time, wins an Oscar for <em>The Fighter</em>, continues being a character actress.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JIE4Ze">
<strong>I feel like the supporting category is often reserved for one-hit wonders — which is not to disparage those actors but just to describe how we think about the parts that they play. You can give a supporting actor the kind of quirks that you don’t necessarily get from a lead role. That doesn’t necessarily lend itself to career longevity.</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Et7PHv">
The one-hit-wonder aspect comes in those categories more for nominees than for wins. Barkhad Abdi who gets nominated for <a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1535109/"><em>Captain Phillips</em></a><em> —</em> everyone’s like, oh, he’s this Somali refugee, he’s breaking out. And then because he’s not someone who Hollywood was going to be able to find a lot of spots for, they continue to not find a lot of spots for him after that.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="b0LMgh">
But the winners — I don’t know if it’s a chicken or an egg thing, but the winners can often be more in the “beloved character actor who now gets to be a slightly more beloved character actor” category. Like J.K. Simmons had been “that guy” and then <a href="https://www.vox.com/2014/10/10/6954911/whiplash-review-overnighters-review-boxtrolls"><em>Whiplash</em></a> [for which Simmons won the Oscar in 2015] breaks him out, and now he’s “that guy” who you recognize but is playing a lot of similar parts. But I bet if you ask J.K. Simmons and his agents, he’s getting paid better. He’s getting better offers. There’s a subtler difference between what you’re seeing as a moviegoer and the differences in their fortunes.
</p>
<h3 id="xJKuUO">
Alece Oxendine, director of industry and festival outreach, Columbia University Film Program
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uzGQmx">
<strong>What do you think the Oscar means, if anything, and has that meaning changed over time? Has it never really meant anything at all?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jRBbNV">
I think that it’s always meant something for different types of people. It’s always been something that was the culmination of your career, but I think <a href="https://www.vox.com/2018/3/1/17065160/oscars-diversity-2018">the biggest [change]</a> has been because of the 2015 <a href="https://www.vox.com/2018/3/1/17065160/oscars-diversity-2018">#OscarsSoWhite campaign</a> with April Reign, who really pushed for this new way of thinking about what it means to achieve this if you are from a marginalized community. What it has meant all these years is excluding extremely talented people because of who they are, who they love, who they represent, what color they are, or what country they’re from. So I think this is a bigger question of what are the Oscars than just like, oh, this is a pretty gold statue.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="70EJzE">
<strong>It seems like the awards night itself is part of the performance. That means that the campaign trail is also part of the performance, right? The marketing campaign, the promos, the interviews, all of it. </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Redqmu">
Oh yes, it’s a machine. And there are specific companies dedicated to this machine, the companies that help service the campaigns. You can’t buy an academy vote. But in a creative way of getting people excited and talking about these films, watching these films, whether it’s via screenings or having the actors there. That always makes a difference in how the voters feel about the film.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HjCPWg">
<strong>The mechanism by which you win the Oscar is almost like a collective group effort. </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ujv9jv">
Yeah. Oh, absolutely. That’s why people say I couldn’t have done this without my team. And the team is massive. It’s massive, and it goes so much deeper than you can ever imagine. People really supporting everybody. That’s why people always say — like an actor, especially — doing the campaign is a business in and of itself.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="z6K0DT">
<strong>I think that’s really interesting, especially when you consider that sometimes this doesn’t actually even yield that much for the actor in the long run. </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="titZoy">
Well, it does and it doesn’t. I think the three buckets I see are the Stalwarts. They’re the Meryl Streeps, the Anthony Hopkins, Daniel Day-Lewis, Helen Mirren, Cate Blanchett, Viola Davis. These are super A++ stars. They won multiple awards. The benefit they get after winning an Oscar is like, I am confirmed that I’m the best, I can command any role at any price. I’ll always be assumed to be top-billed. This is Oscar with a capital O.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IbbtVs">
And then the next category I think of is your Rising Stars. These are the breakouts. These are the ones, the first time they ever do a major motion picture, they’re winning. Lupita Nyong’o, Jennifer Hudson, Emma Stone, Jared Leto. I would even include Mahershala Ali in this as well. So they worked hard at what they wanted to do. This is who we’re rooting for. Lily Gladstone, <a href="https://www.vox.com/2018/12/14/18136782/colman-domingo-interview-if-beale-street-could-talk">Colman Domingo</a>, <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2024/1/26/24051650/barbie-margot-robbie-greta-gerwig-oscar-snubs-feminism-discourse">America Ferrera</a>, <a href="https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/how-davine-joy-randolph-became-an-undeniable-oscars-2024-favorite">Da’Vine Joy Randolph</a> — that is my personal favorite to win forever.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xu0i6n">
But here’s the problem that they have. They’re going to struggle to command the respect and the money afterward. They’re the ones who take the biggest risk on their future projects, but sometimes it takes time for them to get back to that level. They’re the ones who are most affected by the Oscar curse.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3RA57U">
And then you have your Comeback Homies, and those are like your J.K. Simmons, your <a href="https://www.vox.com/2017/12/21/16804720/all-the-money-in-the-world-review-ridley-scott-christopher-plummer-michelle-williams">Chris Plummer</a>, even Morgan Freeman. These are the ones who have been formerly snubbed, who’ve had decade-long careers, and they’re finally getting their due, literally finally getting the recognition they deserve. We cheer them on the hardest because they represent us. There’s a sense of the audience that they represent that if they can do it, I can do it too.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4JFuxe">
<strong>If I’m on a team and I want the best for my celebrity, how do I push them into the next tier bucket?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="2Reuza">
It’s hypnotism. It’s putting a rune on somebody, a book of spells, that kind of thing.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GrkDJK">
Saying, I believe in you. I believe in your work and I believe you make the right decisions for your next project. Because ultimately it does come down to their decision and encouraging them.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="v14LoN">
Or, well, what’s the old saying? Make a deal with the devil.
</p>
<h3 id="q8KqAJ">
<a href="https://www.newyorker.com/contributors/michael-schulman">Michael Schulman</a>, New Yorker staff writer and author of <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/23619347/oscars-scandals-wars-schulman"><em>Oscar Wars</em></a>
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="GwQoRk">
<strong>I thought the actor categories would be the easiest Oscars to quantify. But as I’ve been looking for consistency in terms of what happens to the winners and their careers after that, they’re not very easy to quantify at all.</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Jkq04y">
The inconsistency is kind of the theme. Some people have complete upswings after their big Oscar moment, and some people fall prey to the Oscar curse. Every once in a while it doesn’t add up in the way that you think it would. <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/23672646/austin-butler-elvis-accent-vocal-coach-erik-singer">Austin Butler</a> has been doing great since he was nominated last year for <a href="https://www.vox.com/23180728/elvis-luhrmann-tom-hanks-austin-butler-oscars-2023"><em>Elvis</em></a>, but that was also a star-making role, so I’m not sure you can separate the two. It’s hard to parse. I don’t think anyone would say that <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/23990435/may-december-camp-reviews-criticism-what-happens">Charles Melton</a> being in the mix this year was bad for him, even though he <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2024/1/23/24048088/2024-oscar-nominations-winners-losers-barbie-ken-oppenheimer">didn’t get nominated</a>. Obviously, his star’s rising and the Oscar conversation helped.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="W8QvkT">
There are so many counterexamples as well. Two that come to mind immediately to me are Anne Hathaway in 2013, when she won for <em>Les Miserables</em> and faced <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/11/29/16714790/matt-lauer-anne-hathaway-2012-sexism-sexual-harassment">the Anne Hathaway backlash</a> period. And in my book, I also wrote about Halle Berry in 2002. She had this <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/7/3/15887198/halle-berry-oscars-win-meaningless">historic win</a> for <em>Monsters Ball</em>, and the next movie she did was <em>Catwoman</em> and she won a Razzie award, and there was a big backlash to her as well. Maybe the theme is that this happens to women.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AT6EL2">
In a way, winning the Oscar isn’t as important as getting nominated or even being discussed. The meta-narratives around campaign season can sort of crystallize an actor’s public image in a way that is or isn’t helpful to them. Also, there’s a big difference between an Oscar nomination or win putting someone on the map and a veteran actor getting the career award, the sort of —
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4hQrSS">
<strong>The “I’m here to collect my Oscar” award.</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FmwX5Y">
The Brendan Fraser Comeback Award. Yeah. And that’s also different between men and women because historically, Best Actress winners tend to be younger, and they tend to be ingenues, whereas Best Actor winners are always a little bit older. It’s very rare that you get a young, up-and-coming hot new actor in the acting categories, but that always happens for actresses. I don’t really know why. Maybe it’s just the obvious — that there’s this perception that women peak earlier in their careers than men, which is obviously terrible. And then they come back when they’re 60 or 70, Annette Benning, and have another go at it.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fnHVq6">
<strong>So does that mean that the “Oscar curse” is another way of framing misogyny against women in the industry?</strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="lNqjaP">
I think so. There are male Oscar curses for sure. Bradley Cooper <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/24085664/bradley-cooper-maestro-oscar-try-hard">might be walking into</a> an Oscar curse right now — he’s sort of in <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/4/10/15179082/anne-hathaway-publicity-cycle-hathahaters-jennifer-lawrence-taylor-swift">the Anne Hathaway role</a> this year where we’re all going to need a break from him, fairly or not. But there’s certainly a strain of misogyny in how an actress can win an Oscar and then everyone decides they hate them the next day.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="IUnj9U">
Some of these people were just going to be on a different trajectory anyway because that’s not what they want. I don’t think we’re going to see Sandra Hüller in the next <a href="https://www.vox.com/marvel">Marvel</a> movie. She’s going to go back to Germany and be in a play. That’s what she was going to do. But <a href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2024/1/23/24048088/2024-oscar-nominations-winners-losers-barbie-ken-oppenheimer">we all know who Sandra Hüller is now</a>, and she probably will have a lot more opportunities to do whatever she wants, and I think she’s going to make interesting, weird choices, and that’ll be great. But I don’t think that she’s necessarily after a big Hollywood career.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3kP6eB">
In the best-case scenario, an Oscar gives you more clout to make the choices that you want in a very constrained industry. But I don’t think that is what happens to everyone.
</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hussamuddin goes down to Gallagher</strong> - Busto Arsizio (Italy)</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>CSK fret over injury concern ahead of IPL as pacer Pathirana suffers hamstring strain</strong> - Pathirana played a big role in CSK’s title march in the previous IPL.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Turn And Burn and Star Of Asia please</strong> -</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>India will target 30 medals in Paris Paralympics: new PCI president Jhajharia</strong> - A medal count of 30 may take India to top-10.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ind vs Eng Test series | Fantastic to see players gravitate towards terrific leader Rohit, says Rahul Dravid</strong> - India never made tall claims even once but silently and categorically nullified the visitors’ much-talked-about ‘Bazball’ and grabbed the five-match series 4-1.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Tri-service exercise ‘Bharat Shakti’ to demonstrate prowess of indigenously manufactured equipment</strong> - Prime Minister Narendra Modi is expected to attend the exercise at Pokhran in Rajasthan on March 12.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Why does PM Modi need to visit West Bengal frequently, state Cong chief asks</strong> - Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury said the delay in alliance talks was not a cause for concern</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Marathas should not fall prey to false promises on reservations: Raj Thackeray</strong> - The MNS chief said that the party will decide its strategy for the upcoming Lok Sabha polls later</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Party’s prerogative, but Rahul should contest LS polls from seat challenging BJP: D Raja</strong> - Communist Party of India’s D. Raja said Rahul Gandhi and the Congress must seriously introspect about who they consider their primary target, the BJP or the Left</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Country’s growth can’t be imagined without development of farmers, villages, says Rajnath Singh</strong> - Hitting out at the previous Bhupesh Baghel-led government in the State, Mr. Singh said, the Congress regime destroyed Chhattisgarh in five years.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Gaza aid ship expected to set sail from Cyprus</strong> - Carrying desperately needed food, the vessel will hope to use a newly opened shipping route to Gaza.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Tear gas and surveillance on the coast as Channel migrant deaths rise</strong> - French police blame violent smugglers. Critics blame a stronger police response - funded by the UK.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Swedes cheer end of long wait to join Nato</strong> - Many in the Nordic country say they feel safer despite growing tensions between the military alliance and Russia.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Far-right ex-football pundit shakes up Portuguese vote</strong> - André Ventura made his name as a sports pundit. Now, his far-right Chega party is third in the polls.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Singapore sting: How spies listened in on German general</strong> - Berlin said human error was to blame for the intercept of conversations between top military officers.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A hunk of junk from the International Space Station hurtles back to Earth</strong> - Three tons of trash from the space station fell to Earth in an unguided reentry. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=2008934">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study finds that we could lose science if publishers go bankrupt</strong> - A scan of archives shows that lots of scientific papers aren’t backed up. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=2009083">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Matrix multiplication breakthrough could lead to faster, more efficient AI models</strong> - At the heart of AI, matrix math has just seen its biggest boost “in more than a decade.” - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=2008905">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>AMD stops certifying monitors, TVs under 144 Hz for FreeSync</strong> - 120 Hz is good enough for consoles, but not for FreeSync. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=2008955">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Thousands of US kids are overdosing on melatonin gummies, ER study finds</strong> - In the majority of cases, the excessive amounts led to only minimal side effects. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=2009007">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A diner who had finished brunch at a Cantonese restaurant called the waiter over to question the bill.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“I can read the costs of all the individual items we ordered, but the total amount I owe is so faint I can’t read it,” the diner complained.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“But sir,” the waiter responded, “you specifically requested the dim sum.”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/PeakNadir"> /u/PeakNadir </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/1ba3t4n/a_diner_who_had_finished_brunch_at_a_cantonese/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/1ba3t4n/a_diner_who_had_finished_brunch_at_a_cantonese/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Hotel clerk has the honeymoon suite set up to record videos, but the groom is always out fishing. Frustrated, clerk asks groom why fishing and not consummating?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Groom, can’t she’s got gonorrhoea. Clerk, BJ? Groom, can’t she’s got Pyria. Clerk, Anal? Groom, can’t she’s got Diarrhea. Clerk, Why did you marry a sick woman like that? Groom, well she’s got worms too and I love to fish.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/cybeaux"> /u/cybeaux </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/1ba5pal/hotel_clerk_has_the_honeymoon_suite_set_up_to/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/1ba5pal/hotel_clerk_has_the_honeymoon_suite_set_up_to/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A newly opened bar has a sign outside, beer for only $3</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A man sees the sign, walks into the bar and orders a beer.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
After finishing the beer, the man takes out three $1 coins from his pocket, and feeling a bit mischievous, gets up from his seat, walks to one end of the counter and places a $1 coin there. He then walks over to the other end of the counter and places another $1 coin there. Finally, he walks back to his seat and places the third $1 coin right in the middle of the counter. The bartender gives him an odd look but has no other option but to walk the entire length of the bar counter to pick up the coins.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
This went on repeatedly over the next few days and each day the bartender felt more and more annoyed at the man’s behaviour.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
One day, the man returns again to order a beer but realises he doesn’t have enough $1 coins to place them all over the counter. So, he hands the bartender a $5 note. At this point, the bartender gets all excited and thinks that it is finally his day to get his revenge on the man. The bartender quickly takes out two $1 coins and places them at opposite ends of the counter.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
With a grin on his face, the bartender goes back to the man and says, “Go on then, collect your change”.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The man then takes out a single $1 coin from his pocket, slides it over to the middle of the counter, and says, “One more beer, please.”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/micxiao"> /u/micxiao </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/1b9mpiz/a_newly_opened_bar_has_a_sign_outside_beer_for/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/1b9mpiz/a_newly_opened_bar_has_a_sign_outside_beer_for/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The million dollar question: will women ever be satisfied?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Husband store
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
A store that sells new husbands has opened in town, where a woman may go to choose a husband. Among the instructions at the entrance is a description of how the store operates:
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
You may visit this store ONLY ONCE! There are six floors and the value of the products increase as the shopper ascends the flights. The shopper may choose any item from a particular floor, or may choose to go up to the next floor, but you cannot go back down except to exit the building!
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
So, a woman goes to the Husband Store to find a husband. On the first floor the sign on the door reads:
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Floor 1 - These men Have Jobs
</p>
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She is intrigued, but continues to the second floor, where the sign reads:
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Floor 2 - These men Have Jobs and Love Kids.
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‘That’s nice,’ she thinks, ‘but I want more.’
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So she continues upward. The third floor sign reads:
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Floor 3 - These men Have Jobs, Love Kids, and are Extremely Good Looking.
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‘Wow,’ she thinks, but feels compelled to keep going.
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She goes to the fourth floor and the sign reads:
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Floor 4 - These men Have Jobs, Love Kids, are Drop-dead Good Looking and Help With Housework.
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‘Oh, mercy me!’ she exclaims, ‘I can hardly stand it!’
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Still, she goes to the fifth floor and the sign reads:
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Floor 5 - These men Have Jobs, Love Kids, are Drop-dead Gorgeous, Help with Housework, and Have a Strong Romantic Streak.
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She is so tempted to stay, but she goes to the sixth floor, where the sign reads:
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Floor 6 - You are visitor 31,456,012 to this floor. There are no men on this floor. This floor exists solely as proof that women are impossible to please. Thank you for shopping at the Husband Store.
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Wife store Floor 1: these women have big tits
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Floor 2: nobody has ever seen it.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/jsmrock10"> /u/jsmrock10 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/1b9ohlp/the_million_dollar_question_will_women_ever_be/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/1b9ohlp/the_million_dollar_question_will_women_ever_be/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Tea is an evil substance. It is much more dangerous than beer. I discovered this last night. I drank 15 beers up until 3 am in the pub while my wife was just at home drinking tea.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF --></p>
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You should have seen how mad and violent she was when I got home. She threw the chair at me and kept screaming at the top of her lungs. On the other hand, I was quiet and peaceful and silently made my way to bed. But she kept cursing and shouting through the night and well into the next morning.
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Please friends, if you can’t handle your tea, you should not be drinking it. Please avoid drinking tea.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/YZXFILE"> /u/YZXFILE </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/1b9lyzj/tea_is_an_evil_substance_it_is_much_more/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/1b9lyzj/tea_is_an_evil_substance_it_is_much_more/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
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