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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Muscle strength is associated with COVID-19 hospitalization in adults 50 years of age and older</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background. Muscle strength has been associated with a wide range of health outcomes. Yet, whether individuals with weaker strength are more at risk for severe COVID-19 is still unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the independent association between muscle strength and COVID-19 hospitalization. Methods. Data from 3600 adults 50 years of age and older were analyzed using logistic models adjusted for several chronic conditions, body mass index, age, and sex. Hand grip strength was repeatedly measured between 2004 and 2017 using a handheld dynamometer. COVID-19 hospitalization during the lockdown was self-reported in summer 2020 and was used an indicator of COVID-19 severity. Results. Results showed that higher grip strength was associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio [OR] per increase of 1 SD in grip strength = .64, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = .45-.87, p = .015). Results also showed that age (OR for a 10-year period = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.32-2.20, p &lt; .001) and obesity (OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.00-3.69, p = .025) was associated with higher risk of COVID-19 hospitalization. Sensitivity analyses using different measures of grip strength and robustness analyses based on rare-events logistic regression and COVID-19 patients were consistent with the main results. Conclusions. Muscle strength is an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity in adults 50 years of age and older.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.02.21250909v2" target="_blank">Muscle strength is associated with COVID-19 hospitalization in adults 50 years of age and older</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>High efficacy of face masks explained by characteristic regimes of airborne SARS-CoV-2 virus abundance</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Airborne transmission by droplets and aerosols is important for the spread of viruses and face masks are a well-established preventive measure, but their effectiveness for mitigating COVID-19 is still under debate. We show that variations in mask efficacy can be explained by different regimes of virus abundance. For SARS-CoV-2, the virus load of infectious individuals can vary by orders of magnitude, but we find that most environments and contacts are in a virus-limited regime where simple surgical masks are highly effective on individual and population-average levels, whereas more advanced masks and other protective equipment are required in potentially virus-rich indoor environments such as medical centers and hospitals. Due to synergistic effects, masks are particularly effective in combination with other preventive measures like ventilation and distancing.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.09.10.20190348v3" target="_blank">High efficacy of face masks explained by characteristic regimes of airborne SARS-CoV-2 virus abundance</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Vaccination strategies for minimizing loss of life in Covid-19 in a Europe lacking vaccines</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Aim and Background: We aimed at identifying vaccination strategies that minimize loss of life in the Covid-19 pandemic. Covid-19 mainly kills the elderly, but the pandemic is driven by social contacts that are more frequent in the young. Vaccines elicit stronger immune responses per dose in younger persons. As vaccine production is a bottleneck, many countries have adopted a strategy of first vaccinating the elderly and vulnerable, while postponing vaccination of the young. Methods: Based on published age-stratified immunogenicity data of the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine, we compared the established ′one dose fits all′ approach with tailored strategies: The known differential immunogenicity of vaccine doses in different age groups is exploited to vaccinate the elderly at full dose, while the young receive a reduced dose, amplifying the number of individuals receiving the vaccine early. A modeling approach at European Union scale with population structure, Covid-19 case and death rates similar to Europe in late January 2021 is used. Results: When the elderly were vaccinated preferentially, the pandemic initially continued essentially unchecked, as it was dominantly driven by social contacts in other age groups. Tailored strategies, including regular dosing in the elderly but reduced dose vaccination in the young, multiplied early vaccination counts, and even with some loss in protection degree for the individual person, the protective effect towards stopping the pandemic and protecting lives was enhanced, even for the elderly. In the European Union, pandemic duration (threshold &gt;100′000 cases/day) was shortened from 53 to 18-24 days; cumulative death count over 100 days was reduced by &gt;30′000. Conclusion: Protecting the vulnerable, minimizing overall deaths and stopping the pandemic is best achieved by an adaptive vaccination strategy using an age-tailored vaccine dose.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.29.21250747v3" target="_blank">Vaccination strategies for minimizing loss of life in Covid-19 in a Europe lacking vaccines</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Combination therapy of Tocilizumab and steroid for management of COVID-19 associated cytokine release syndrome: A single center experience from Pune, Western India</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background: Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or cytokine storm is thought to be the cause of inflammatory lung damage, worsening pneumonia and death in patients with COVID-19. Steroids (Methylprednisolone or Dexamethasone) and Tocilizumab (TCZ), an interleukin-6 receptor antagonist, are approved for the treatment of CRS in India. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy of TCZ and steroids in COVID-19 associated CRS. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary level private hospital in Pune, India between 2nd April and 2nd November 2020. All patients administered TCZ and steroids for treatment of CRS were included. The primary endpoint was the incidence of all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes studied were the need for mechanical ventilation and incidence of infectious complications. Baseline and time-dependent risk factors significantly associated with death were identified by Relative risk estimation. Results: Out of 2831 admitted patients, 515 (24.3% females) were administered TCZ and steroids. Median age of the cohort was 57 (IQR: 46.5, 66) years. Almost 72 % patients had preexisting co-morbidities. Median time to TCZ administration since onset of symptoms was 9 days (IQR: 7, 11). 63% patients needed intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Mechanical ventilation was required in 242 (47%) patients. Of these, 44.2% (107/242) recovered and were weaned off the ventilator. There were 135 deaths (26.2%), while 380 patients (73.8%) had clinical improvement. Infectious complications like hospital acquired pneumonia, bloodstream bacterial and fungal infections were observed in 2.13 %, 2.13 % and 0.06 % patients respectively. Age ≥ 60 years (p=0.014), presence of co-morbidities like hypertension (p = 0.011), IL-6 ≥ 100 pg/ml (p = 0.002), D-dimer ≥ 1000 ng/ml (p &lt; 0.0001), CT severity index ≥ 18 (p &lt; 0.0001) and systemic complications like lung fibrosis (p = 0.019), cardiac arrhythmia (p &lt; 0.0001), hypotension (p &lt; 0.0001) and encephalopathy (p &lt; 0.0001) were associated with increased risk of death. Conclusions: Combination therapy of TCZ and Steroids is likely to be safe and effective in the management of COVID-19 associated cytokine release syndrome. Efficacy of this anti-inflammatory combination therapy needs to be validated in randomized controlled clinical trials.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.04.21249959v1" target="_blank">Combination therapy of Tocilizumab and steroid for management of COVID-19 associated cytokine release syndrome: A single center experience from Pune, Western India</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>A cautionary note on recall vaccination in ex-COVID-19 subjects</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Currently approved COVID-19 vaccines based on mRNA or adenovirus require a first jab followed by recall immunization. There is no indication as to whether individuals who have recovered from COVID-19 should be vaccinated, and if so, if they should receive one or two vaccine doses. Here, we tested the antibody response developed after the first dose of the mRNA based vaccine encoding the SARS-CoV-2 full-length spike protein (BNT162b2) in 124 healthcare professionals of which 57 had a previous history of COVID-19 (ExCOVID). Post-vaccine antibodies in ExCOVID individuals increase exponentially within 7-15 days after the first dose compared to naive subjects (p&lt;0.0001). We developed a multivariate Linear Regression (LR) model with l2 regularization to predict the IgG response for SARS-COV-2 vaccine. We found that the antibody response of ExCOVID patients depends on the IgG pre-vaccine titer and on the symptoms that they developed during the disorder, with anosmia/dysgeusia and gastrointestinal disorders being the most significantly positively correlated in the LR. Thus, one vaccine dose is sufficient to induce a good antibody response in ExCOVID subjects. This poses caution for ExCOVID subjects to receive a second jab both because they may have a overreaction of the inflammatory response and also in light of the current vaccine shortage.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.01.21250923v2" target="_blank">A cautionary note on recall vaccination in ex-COVID-19 subjects</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Immuno-fibrotic drivers of impaired lung function in post-COVID-19 syndrome</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Introduction: Subjects recovering from COVID-19 frequently experience persistent respiratory ailments; however, little is known about the underlying biological factors that may direct lung recovery and the extent to which these are affected by COVID-19 severity. Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study of subjects with persistent symptoms after recovering from acute COVID-19 illness, collecting clinical data, pulmonary function tests, and blood. Plasma samples were used for multiplex profiling of circulating factors associated with inflammation, metabolism, angiogenesis, and fibrosis. Results: Sixty-one subjects were enrolled across two academic medical centers at a median of 9 weeks (interquartile range 6-10) after COVID-19 illness: n=13 subjects (21%) mild/non-hospitalized, n=30 (49%) hospitalized/non-critical, and n=18 subjects (30%) hospitalized/intensive care (ICU). Fifty-three subjects (85%) had lingering symptoms, most commonly dyspnea (69%) and cough (58%). Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) declined as COVID-19 severity increased (P&lt;0.05), but did not correlate with respiratory symptoms. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis of plasma biomarker profiles clustered subjects by past COVID-19 severity. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) identified by the model were significantly higher in the ICU group (P&lt;0.05) and inversely correlated with FVC and DLCO (P&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Subjective respiratory symptoms are common after acute COVID-19 illness but do not correlate with COVID-19 severity or pulmonary function. Host response profiles reflecting neutrophil activation (LCN2), fibrosis signaling (MMP-7), and alveolar repair (HGF) track with lung impairment and may be novel therapeutic or prognostic targets.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.31.21250870v2" target="_blank">Immuno-fibrotic drivers of impaired lung function in post-COVID-19 syndrome</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Relationships Between Changes in Self-Reported Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviours and Health During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic in France and Switzerland</strong> -
<div>
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have detrimental effects on physical and mental health, but physical activity can help people to cope with stress, thereby mitigating its potential negative health consequences. In our study, we investigated whether changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours are associated with changes in mental and physical health during the COVID-19 lockdown.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/sportrxiv/ydv84/" target="_blank">Relationships Between Changes in Self-Reported Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviours and Health During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic in France and Switzerland</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>COVID-19 Provides a Rare Opportunity to Create a Stronger, More Equitable Society</strong> -
<div>
COVID-19—and the ensuing economic fallout—exposed society’s vast inequalities. Current stimulus plans and ongoing debates revolve around restoring society to its pre-COVID-19 state, a singular focus driven by a prevalent status quo bias. We propose that policymakers should adopt a more ambitious goal: to take advantage of the change momentum of COVID-19 to reduce social inequalities in order to build society’s resilience for the next time disaster strikes. We suggest that this redesign will require a focus on the multidimensional nature of social and economic inequalities, and a shift toward strengthening communities rather than a sole focus on individual households and businesses. This crisis should be seen as a unique window for restructuring society by creating new norms and ideals rather than returning to the pre-COVID-19 status quo.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/hz4c7/" target="_blank">COVID-19 Provides a Rare Opportunity to Create a Stronger, More Equitable Society</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The Influence of Public Health England’s Change4Life Disney Branded 10-minute Shake Ups on Children’s Post Activity Affective Response.</strong> -
<div>
Physical activity (PA) is considered essential to overall health yet it is consistently reported that children are failing to meet the recommended levels. Due to the bidirectional relationship between affective states and PA, affective responses are a potential predictor to long term engagement. Since late March 2020 the UK government enforced ‘lockdown’ measures to help control the spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19); however, this has impacted children’s PA. Using online resources at home to support PA is now common. The primary aim of this research was to investigate the use of the Change4Life 10-minute Shake Ups to support PA by examining the effects of Disney branding upon children’s (n=32) post activity affective responses and perceived exertion. The secondary was to investigate the effect of the lockdown on PA habits. Children had similar positive affective responses and perceived effort to activities; however, branding was considered to be a key contributing factor based upon qualitative feedback from parents. Children’s PA levels dropped slightly since ‘lockdown’ was imposed; though online resources have been utilised to support PA. The use of immersive elements such as characters and narrative in PA sessions, as well as utilising online resources during ‘lockdown’ appear potentially promising for future research.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/sportrxiv/ftv8y/" target="_blank">The Influence of Public Health England’s Change4Life Disney Branded 10-minute Shake Ups on Children’s Post Activity Affective Response.</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>The Masked Majority: Underprediction Of Widespread Support For Covid-19 Safety Policies.</strong> -
<div>
The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic in the US required organizations to make their own decisions regarding prevention policies, such as whether to require and enforce mask wearing, in the absence of regulations and norms. In five pre-registered studies, we investigate whether people support strict COVID-19 prevention policies and whether that support is underestimated, across business types, types of policy cues (stated and viral videos), and types of policies (required mask-wearing and vaccination). We consistently find that people strongly favor organizations with strict policies, such that the risks of both losing customers and of negative consumer perceptions are higher for lax policies (e.g., recommended mask-wearing) than for strict policies (requiring and enforcing mask-wearing). Nevertheless, customers and managers alike underestimate public support for strict policies, with negative consequences for word-of-mouth behavior. The underappreciation of support for public health measures that we document can impede the establishment of norms and the adoption of strict policies, undermining efforts to combat public health crises such as COVID-19.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/fhdkv/" target="_blank">The Masked Majority: Underprediction Of Widespread Support For Covid-19 Safety Policies.</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Encouraging the resumption of economic activity after COVID-19: Evidence from a large scale field experiment in China</strong> -
<div>
As the COVID-19 pandemic comes to an end, governments find themselves facing a new challenge: motivating citizens to resume economic activity. What is an effective way to do so? We investigate this question using a field experiment in the city of Zhengzhou, China immediately following the end of the city’s COVID-19 lockdown. Using self-reports and GPS trajectory data from participants’ phones, we assessed the effect of providing information about the proportion of participants’ neighbors who have resumed economic activity. We find that informing individuals about their neighbors’ plans to visit restaurants increases the fraction of participants visiting restaurants by 12 percentage points (37%), amongst those participants who underestimated the proportion of neighbors who resumed economic activity. Those who overestimated did not respond by reducing restaurant attendance, so the intervention yielded no `boomerang’ effect. We explore moderators, risk perceptions, and a placebo intervention for parks. All of these analyses suggest our intervention worked by reducing the perceived risk of going to restaurants.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/q4gmv/" target="_blank">Encouraging the resumption of economic activity after COVID-19: Evidence from a large scale field experiment in China</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Longitudinal change in adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic: An international collaborative of 12 samples</strong> -
<div>
The study aimed to examine changes in depression and anxiety symptoms from before to during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic in a large, diverse, international sample of 1,339 adolescents (9-18 years, 59% female). We also examined if age, race/ethnicity, disease burden, or strictness of government restrictions moderated change in symptoms. Data from 12 longitudinal studies (10 U.S., 1 Netherlands, 1 Peru) were combined. Linear mixed effect models showed that depression symptoms increased significantly (median increase=28%), whereas anxiety symptoms remained stable overall. The most negative mental health impacts were reported by multiracial adolescents and those under ‘lockdown’ restrictions. Policy makers need to consider these impacts by investing in ways to support adolescents’ mental health during the pandemic.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/hn7us/" target="_blank">Longitudinal change in adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic: An international collaborative of 12 samples</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Assessing Self-Other Distinctions Through Decision-making Under Risk in The Era of Covid-19</strong> -
<div>
The current Covid-19 pandemic has demanded a degree of sacrifice from individuals for the sake of the greater good. Individuals have taken costly actions, both volitional and imposed, to reduce harm to strangers. The pandemic oers a unique opportunity to examine a fundamental question: where does the distinction between self and other lie? This question can be framed as a moral dilemma between competing motives of self-serving and pro-social behavior. Given the multifaceted uncer- tainty surrounding the Covid-19 pandemic, we propose to assess self-other distinction using models of decision-making under risk. We administered two surveys, where participants selected between sure and risky treatments for fictitious diseases, for themselves, a loved one and a stranger. Choice of treatment option showed risk-seeking tendencies that decreased with expected disease severity, across all targets, suggesting risk preferences for the other parallel those for the self. However, distinctions across targets emerged when decisions were conditioned on treatment cost, with sure treatments cho- sen more often for self and a close other; and sure treatment assigned a higher price for diseases with low expected severity, for self and other. These findings inform on what constitutes a measure of self-other distinction; and the limits of what can be asked of an individual in service to a stranger.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/qrbza/" target="_blank">Assessing Self-Other Distinctions Through Decision-making Under Risk in The Era of Covid-19</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Where All the Roads Meet? A Cross Over Perspective on Host Factors Regulating SARS-CoV-2 Replication</strong> -
<div>
In the recent issue of Cell, four studies utilized genome wide CRISPR/Cas screens to identify host factors critical for the SARS-CoV-2 replication. We performed a comparative analysis of significant host factors (p&lt;0.05) that were identified in these studies and found that fifteen candidates were common in at least three studies. Apart from ACE2 other common host factors included COG3, COG8, GDI2, ARPP19, SLC35B2, LIMA1, TLR9, VPS26A, CSNK2B, LRRN2, DDX51, ALG6, C1QTNF7 and BCOR. Interestingly, some of these host factors have been shown to be critical for other viruses including HIV-1, Dengue, Influenza, Zika etc., suggesting their crucial role in viral biology. Additionally, viral interactome of these host factors revealed that they were associated with several SARS-CoV-2 proteins as well. Hence, we present here, a comparative analysis of four genome wide screens against SARS-CoV-2, revealing common host factors that could be modulated to regulate SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses as well.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/5edxh/" target="_blank">Where All the Roads Meet? A Cross Over Perspective on Host Factors Regulating SARS-CoV-2 Replication</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 Worldwide Replication Drives Rapid Rise and Selection of Mutations across the Viral Genome: A Time-Course Study Potential Challenge for Vaccines and Therapies</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Scientists and public were alarmed at first viral variant of SARS-CoV2 reported in December 2020. We have followed time course of emerging viral mutants and variants during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in ten countries. We examined complete SARS-CoV-2 nucleotide sequences in GISAID with sampling extending until January 20, 2021. These sequences originated from ten different countries: United Kingdom, South Africa, Brazil, USA, India, Russia, France, Spain, Germany, and China. Among the novel mutations, some previously reported mutations waned and some of them increased over time. VUI2012/01 (B.1.1.7) and 501Y.V2 (B.1.351), the UK and South Africa variants, respectively, and two variants from Brazil, 484K.V2, P.1 and P.2, increased in prevalence. Despite lockdowns, worldwide active replication in genetically and socio-economically diverse populations facilitated selection of new mutations. The data on mutant and variant SARS-CoV-2 strains provided here comprise a global resource for easy access to the myriad mutations and variants detected to date globally. Rapidly evolving new variant and mutant strains might give rise to escape variants, capable of limiting the efficacy of vaccines, therapies, and diagnostic tests.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.04.21251111v1" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 Worldwide Replication Drives Rapid Rise and Selection of Mutations across the Viral Genome: A Time-Course Study Potential Challenge for Vaccines and Therapies</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of a Single Dose of STI-2020 (COVI-AMG™) to Treat COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: COVI-AMG;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Evaluate a Single Dose of STI-2020 (COVI-AMG™) in Adults With Mild COVID-19 Symptoms</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: COVI-AMG;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Phase III Study of AZD7442 for Treatment of COVID-19 in Outpatient Adults</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: AZD7442;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   AstraZeneca<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>TOCILIZUMAB - An Option for Patients With COVID-19 Associated Cytokine Release Syndrome; A Single Center Experience</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Tocilizumab<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   FMH College of Medicine and Dentistry<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Convalescent Plasma in the Treatment of Covid-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: Convalescent plasma from COVID-19 donors;   Biological: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Helsinki University Central Hospital;   Finnish Red Cross<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of VB-201 in Patients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Severe COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: VB-201 + Standard of care;   Drug: Standard of care<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Vascular Biogenics Ltd. operating as VBL Therapeutics<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy of Nano-Ivermectin Impregnated Masks in Prevention of Covid-19 Among Healthy Contacts and Medical Staff</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Other: ivermectin impregnated mask<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   South Valley University<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>An Outpatient Clinical Trial Using Ivermectin and Doxycycline in COVID-19 Positive Patients at High Risk to Prevent COVID-19 Related Hospitalization</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Ivermectin Tablets;   Drug: Doxycycline Tablets;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Max Health, Subsero Health<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>CPI-006 Plus Standard of Care Versus Placebo Plus Standard of Care in Mild to Moderately Symptomatic Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: CPI-006 2 mg/kg + SOC;   Drug: CPI-006 1 mg/kg + SOC;   Drug: Placebo + SOC<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Corvus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effectiveness of Ivermectin in SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Ivermectin<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   FMH College of Medicine and Dentistry<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Famotidine vs Placebo for the Treatment of Non-Hospitalized Adults With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: Famotidine;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Northwell Health;   Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Interferon-β Therapy for COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2;   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: SNG001;   Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Synairgen Research Ltd.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 and Pregnancy: Placental and Immunological Impacts</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Other: Specimens specific for the study<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Hopital Foch<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy Of S-1226 in Moderate Severity Covid-19 Bronchiolitis/Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Covid19;   SARS-CoV-2 Infection<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: S-1226<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   SolAeroMed Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Restoration of Endothelial Integrity in Patients With COVID-19 (RELIC)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: Thawed plasma<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University of Alabama at Birmingham<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, an active ingredient of Traditional Chinese Medicines, inhibits the 3CLpro activity of SARS-CoV-2</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 is the etiological agent responsible for the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The main protease of SARS-CoV-2, 3CLpro, is an attractive target for antiviral inhibitors due to its indispensable role in viral replication and gene expression of viral proteins. The search of compounds that can effectively inhibit the crucial activity of 3CLpro, which results to interference of the virus life cycle, is now widely pursued. Here, we report that…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Nsp1 protein of SARS-CoV-2 disrupts the mRNA export machinery to inhibit host gene expression</strong> - The ongoing unprecedented severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak worldwide has highlighted the need for understanding viral-host interactions involved in mechanisms of virulence. Here, we show that the virulence factor Nsp1 protein of SARS-CoV-2 interacts with the host messenger RNA (mRNA) export receptor heterodimer NXF1-NXT1, which is responsible for nuclear export of cellular mRNAs. Nsp1 prevents proper binding of NXF1 to mRNA export adaptors and NXF1 docking at…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Phase I/II Clinical Trial to evaluate the efficacy of baricitinib to prevent respiratory insufficiency progression in onco-hematological patients affected with COVID19: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial</strong> - OBJECTIVES: Baricitinib is supposed to have a double effect on SARS-CoV2 infection. Firstly, it reduces the inflammatory response through the inhibition of the Januse-Kinase signalling transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway. Moreover, it reduces the receptor mediated viral endocytosis by AP2-associated protein kinase 1 (AAK1) inhibition. We propose the use of baricinitib to prevent the progression of the respiratory insufficiency in SARS-CoV2 pneumonia in…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Management of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System blockade in patients admitted to hospital with confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection (The McGill RAAS-COVID- 19): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial</strong> - OBJECTIVES: The aim of the RAAS-COVID-19 randomized control trial is to evaluate whether an upfront strategy of temporary discontinuation of renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibition versus continuation of RAAS inhibition among patients admitted with established COVID-19 infection has an impact on short term clinical and biomarker outcomes. We hypothesize that continuation of RAAS inhibition will be superior to temporary discontinuation with regards to the primary endpoint of a…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Consequences of COVID-19 crisis for persons with HIV: the impact of social determinants of health</strong> - CONCLUSION: Persons living with HIV that also have other underlying comorbidities are a great disadvantage from the negative consequences of COVID-19. For those that may test positive for both HIV and COVID-19, the increased psychosocial burdens stemming from stress and isolation, as well as, experiencing additional barriers that inhibit access to care, may cause them to become more disenfranchised. Thus, it becomes very important during the current pandemic for these challenges and barriers to…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Thapsigargin Is a Broad-Spectrum Inhibitor of Major Human Respiratory Viruses: Coronavirus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza A Virus</strong> - The long-term control strategy of SARS-CoV-2 and other major respiratory viruses needs to include antivirals to treat acute infections, in addition to the judicious use of effective vaccines. Whilst COVID-19 vaccines are being rolled out for mass vaccination, the modest number of antivirals in use or development for any disease bears testament to the challenges of antiviral development. We recently showed that non-cytotoxic levels of thapsigargin (TG), an inhibitor of the…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Thrombin generation in patients with COVID-19 with and without thromboprophylaxis</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 patients showed increased TG at diagnosis. Standard thromboprophylaxis reduced TG to levels of healthy controls. Intermediate sub-therapeutic thromboprophylaxis more effectively inhibited TG by decreasing ETP with TM.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>PDE3-inhibitor enoximone prevented mechanical ventilation in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia</strong> - BACKGROUND: Standard care in severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia complicated by severe dyspnea and respiratory failure, consists of symptom reduction, ultimately supported by mechanical ventilation. Patients with severe SARS-CoV-2, a prominent feature of COVID-19, show several similar symptoms to Critical Asthma Syndrome (CAS) patients, such as pulmonary edema, mucus plugging of distal airways, decreased tissue oxygenation, (emergent) exhaustion due to severe dyspnea and respiratory failure. Prior…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in COVID-19: Risks and Benefits</strong> - INTRODUCTION: Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) is a novel cancer immunotherapy, which is administered in patients with metastatic, refractory, or relapsed solid cancer types. From the initiation of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic many studies reported a higher severity and mortality rate of COVID-19 among patients with cancer in general.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>In silico Screening of Natural Compounds as Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease and Spike RBD: Targets for COVID-19</strong> - Historically, plants have been sought after as bio-factories for the production of diverse chemical compounds that offer a multitude of possibilities to cure diseases. To combat the current pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), plant-based natural compounds are explored for their potential to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), the cause of COVID-19. The present study is aimed at the investigation of antiviral action of several groups of…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Structural basis for the inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease by the anti-HCV drug narlaprevir</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Potent and Selective Knockdown of Tyrosine Kinase 2 by Antisense Oligonucleotides</strong> - Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) is a member of the JAK family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, together with JAK1, JAK2, and JAK3. JAKs are important signaling mediators of many proinflammatory cytokines and represent compelling pharmacological targets for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Pan-acting small-molecule JAK inhibitors were approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis. However, their limited selectivity among JAK members have led to undesirable side effects,…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Neutralization Assay Based on Pseudo-Typed Lentivirus with SARS CoV-2 Spike Protein in ACE2-Expressing CRFK Cells</strong> - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly pathogenic zoonotic virus that spreads rapidly. In this work, we improve the hitherto existing neutralization assay system to assess SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors using a pseudo-typed lentivirus coated with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (LpVspike +) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-transfected cat Crandell-Rees feline kidney (CRFK) cells as the host cell line. Our method was 10-fold more sensitive compared to the typical…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mechanisms of Coronavirus Nsp1-Mediated Control of Host and Viral Gene Expression</strong> - Many viruses disrupt host gene expression by degrading host mRNAs and/or manipulating translation activities to create a cellular environment favorable for viral replication. Often, virus-induced suppression of host gene expression, including those involved in antiviral responses, contributes to viral pathogenicity. Accordingly, clarifying the mechanisms of virus-induced disruption of host gene expression is important for understanding virus-host cell interactions and virus pathogenesis. Three…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors by dual targeting TMPRSS2 and ACE2: An in silico drug repurposing study</strong> - The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading between human populations mainly through nasal droplets. Currently, the vaccines have great hope, but it takes years for testing its efficacy in human. As there is no specific drug treatment available for COVID-19 pandemic, we explored in silico repurposing of drugs with dual inhibition properties by targeting transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) from FDA-approved drugs. The TMPRSS2 and ACE2…</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 antibodies</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU315792577">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 antibodies</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU315792579">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION OF NITAZOXANIDE AND MEFLOQUINE AND METHOD THEREOF</strong> - A pharmaceutical composition for treating Covid-19 virus comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a nitazoxanide or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and an mefloquine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof is disclosed. The pharmaceutical composition comprises the nitazoxanide in the ratio of 0.05% to 66% w/v and the mefloquine in the ratio of 0.05% to 90% w/v. The composition is found to be effective for the treatment of COVID -19 (SARS-CoV2). The pharmaceutical composition of nitazoxanide and mefloquine has been found to be effective and is unexpectedly well tolerated with a low rate of side-effects, and equally high cure-rates than in comparable treatments. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN316412781">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>TREATMENT OF COVID-19 WITH REBAMIPIDE</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU315792482">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ACQUIRING POWER CONSUMPTION IMPACT BASED ON IMPACT OF COVID-19 EPIDEMIC</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU314745621">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种新冠肺炎CT检测识别定位系统及计算设备</strong> - 本发明涉及图像处理领域，公开了一种新冠肺炎CT检测识别定位系统及计算设备，包括图像采集单元、模块建立单元、新冠肺炎病灶识别单元和新冠肺炎病灶定位单元；图像采集单元采集待识别检测新冠肺炎的CT图像、新冠肺炎CT影像病灶分割训练数据集和新冠CT图像识别训练集；模块建立单元建立U_Net卷积神经网络模型、加入注意力机制的InceptionV3网络和目标检测模型；新冠肺炎病灶识别单元对已分割出病灶的轮廓特征图像进行识别；新冠肺炎病灶定位单元确定病灶在人体肺部的位置。本发明利用U_Net卷积神经网络模型对新冠病灶检测分割，并通过加入注意力机制的网络进行新冠肺炎识别，通过目标检测模型定位病灶在肺部的位置，识别准确率高，计算速度快。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN317076812">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种基于磁微粒化学发光的新型冠状病毒抗体检测试剂盒</strong> - 本发明提供一种基于磁微粒化学发光的新型冠状病毒抗体检测试剂盒。所述检测试剂盒包括：链霉亲和素磁微粒、生物素标记的新型冠状病毒抗原、吖啶磺酰胺标记的二抗、样本稀释液和质控品；所述生物素标记的新型冠状病毒抗原包括重组核衣壳蛋白和重组棘突蛋白S1。将待检样本、生物素标记抗原与链霉亲和素磁微粒混合，孵育和洗涤，再加入吖啶磺酰胺标记的抗体，形成磁微粒‑链霉亲和素‑生物素‑抗原‑新型冠状病毒抗体‑二抗复合物，进而检测发光强度实现对待测样品的定性。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN317076655">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION OF ARTESUNATE AND MEFLOQUINE AND METHOD THEREOF</strong> - A pharmaceutical composition for treating Covid-19 virus comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an artesunate or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and a mefloquine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof is disclosed. The pharmaceutical composition comprises the artesunate in the ratio of 0.25% to 66% w/v and mefloquine in the ratio of 0.25% to 90% w/v. The composition is found to be effective for the treatment of COVID -19 (SARS-CoV2). The pharmaceutical composition of Artesunate and Mefloquine has been found to be effective and is unexpectedly well tolerated with a low rate of side-effects, and equally high cure-rates than in comparable treatments. The present invention also discloses a method to preparing the pharmaceutical composition comprising of Artesunate and Mefloquine. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN315303355">link</a></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Zahnbürstenaufsatz, elektrische Versorgungseinheit einer elektrischen Zahnbürste, elektrische Zahnbürste mit einem Zahnbürstenaufsatz, Zahnbürste sowie Testaufsatz für eine elektrische Zahnbürste</strong> -
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
</p><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">Zahnbürstenaufsatz für eine elektrische Zahnbürste (20) umfassend einen Koppelabschnitt (2), über den der Zahnbürstenaufsatz (1) mit einer elektrischen Versorgungseinheit (10) der elektrischen Zahnbürste (20) verbindbar ist und einen Bürstenabschnitt (3), der zur Reinigung der Zähne ausgebildete Reinigungsmittel (3.1) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem Zahnbürstenaufsatz (1) eine Sensoreinheit (4) vorgesehen ist, die dazu ausgebildet ist, selektiv das Vorhandensein eines Virus oder eines Antigen im Speichel eines Nutzers des Zahnbürstenaufsatzes (1) durch Messen zumindest eines virusspezifischen Parameters zu bestimmen.</p></li>
</ul>
<img alt="embedded image" id="EMI-D00000"/>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"></p>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=DE315274678">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种医用可佩戴式防护口鼻的微型气幕系统</strong> - 本发明公开了一种医用可佩戴式防护口鼻的微型气幕系统，包括框柱，框柱一侧开凿有气幕送风口和呼吸用送风口，气幕送风口和呼吸用送风口内分别连接有软管一和软管二，框柱内开凿有水平条缝和垂直条缝，水平条缝与垂直条缝均与气幕送风口相连通，框柱靠近水平条缝的一侧贯穿开凿有出风口，出风口内设有滤网，出风口贯穿框柱的一端连接有高效过滤器，滤网与高效过滤器之间连接有吸气泵，框柱靠近出风口的一侧连接有电池和开关。本发明通过提出一种在口腔处应用洁净空气幕阻挡气溶胶传播的可佩戴装置，可以在口腔类相关诊疗过程，保护医生和周围人的健康，避免引起可能引发的呼吸道疾病交叉感染。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN316342421">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Examining the Case Against the Filibuster</strong> - In a new book, Adam Jentleson blames government failures on more than a century of Southern obstruction in the Senate. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/examining-the-case-against-the-filibuster">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Joe Biden Is Playing It Cool with Benjamin Netanyahu</strong> - The Biden Administration’s support for the Abraham Accords is having unintended consequences for Israel’s Prime Minister. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/joe-biden-is-playing-it-cool-with-benjamin-netanyahu">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>On Climate, Biden’s Administration Needs to Combat Zombie Trumpism Quickly</strong> - And Montana’s Yaak Valley is a good place to start. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/annals-of-a-warming-planet/on-climate-bidens-administration-needs-to-combat-zombie-trumpism-quickly">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>How San Francisco Renamed Its Schools</strong> - The president of the San Francisco Board of Education discusses the controversies around reopening and renaming her district’s schools, including questions about how to view the legacies of complex historical figures. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/how-san-francisco-renamed-its-schools">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Indoor-Dining Debate Isn’t a Debate at All</strong> - On Valentine’s Day, New Yorkers will be allowed to eat inside restaurants again. We shouldn’t. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/culture/annals-of-gastronomy/the-indoor-dining-debate-isnt-a-debate-at-all">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Tens of thousands of farmers protest agriculture laws with blockades across India</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="A group of four young men stand atop a blue tractor, with the Indian flag flying from its front bumper. Another young man, in a blue turban, reclines across the hood, giving the camera a serious look. And a final young man, in a red turban, stands in front of the machine, his right arm raised, his hand seeming to form a sign." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/G4wcuiz0wDeslwBwosEcIXT0ctY=/318x0:4926x3456/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68781147/GettyImages_1231003659.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Farmers stand on a tractor parked on a road leading to Delhi on February 6, 2020. | Mayank Makhija/NurPhoto/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The farmers argue the new laws will aid big business, and take away their livelihoods.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fxQL4H">
Tens of thousands of farmers <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/2/6/indian-farmers-plan-nationwide-3-hour-blockade-of-highways">blockaded main roads</a> across India on Saturday in a continuation of a months-long protest movement against new agricultural policies they say will empower corporations and devastate them financially.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="j2uTyw">
The continued demonstrations indicate that protest energy remains strong, as the government and farmers remain locked in a stalemate after several rounds of talks between them failed to produce any major breakthroughs.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gdJozy">
Protestors used tractors, trucks, tents, and boulders to block roads during a three-hour “chakka jam,” or road blockade, across the country, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-farms-protests/tractors-trucks-block-indias-roads-as-farm-protests-widen-idUSKBN2A605V">according to Reuters</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="v6usqK">
Blockades were set up at over 10,000 sites across India on Saturday, according to Avik Saha, a secretary of the All India Kisan Sangharsh Coordination Committee, a federation of farmer groups.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="RsywKv">
“We will keep fighting till our last breath,” Jhajjan Singh, an 80-year-old farmer at a protest site in Ghazipur, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/06/farmers-block-roads-across-india-in-protest-over-agriculture-law">told the Guardian</a>. He said that India’s prime minister, Narendra Modi, “should know that either he will remain or we will.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Ig9Lce">
Tens of thousands of police were deployed across the country to deal with the protests. While the farmer demonstrations have been largely peaceful, on January 26, a group of protesters peeled off from a demonstration route and fought with police officers in Delhi, an incident which resulted in hundreds of injuries and the death of a protester.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="z8aIfD">
Farmer leaders <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/06/farmers-block-roads-across-india-in-protest-over-agriculture-law">condemned</a> the violence, but security has ramped up since then. According to the Guardian, police have added iron spikes and steel barricades around protest sites to prevent farmers from entering the capital.
</p>
<h3 id="rjnd8f">
Why the protesters are mobilizing
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5rtRQF">
Protesters have been mobilizing against three agriculture reform laws passed by Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in September; together, the laws aim to deregulate India’s agricultural industry.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CQ1Izp">
As Vox’s Jariel Arvin <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/12/2/21726648/india-farmer-protests-strike-action-new-delhi">explained</a> in December, while the government says this is necessary to modernize the economy, protesters argue that it will only intensify their economic precarity:
</p>
<blockquote>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gS2oYo">
Under the new policies, farmers will now <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2020/12/1/why-are-thousands-of-indian-farmers-protesting">sell goods and make contracts with independent buyers</a> outside of government-sanctioned marketplaces, which have long served as the primary locations for farmers to do business. Modi and members of his party believe these reforms will help India <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/the-farm-bills-passed-in-parliament-will-not-only-bring-radical-changes-in-agriculture-sector-but-will-also-empower-farmers-tweets-pm-modi/story-Wsi1df81nxjXQFeAHXPVtI.html">modernize and improve its farming industry</a>, which will mean greater freedom and prosperity for farmers.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ueXIxP">
But the protesting farmers aren’t convinced. Although the government has said it will not drop <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/minimum-support-price-msp-farmers-explained-6706253/">minimum support prices</a> for essential crops like grain, which the Indian government has set and guaranteed for decades, the farmers are concerned they will disappear. Without them, the farmers believe they will be at the mercy of large corporations that will pay extremely low prices for essential crops, plunging them into debt and financial ruin.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="W1S34X">
“Farmers have so much passion because they know that these three laws are like death warrants for them,” Abhimanyu Kohar, coordinator of the National Farmer’s Alliance, a federation of more than 180 nonpolitical farm organizations across India, told me in an interview. “Our farmers are doing this movement for our future, for our very survival.”
</p>
</blockquote>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="erliU5">
The protests have garnered sustained international attention, in part because of their sheer size. As <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-farms-protests/tractors-trucks-block-indias-roads-as-farm-protests-widen-idUSKBN2A605V">Reuters</a> notes, although farming accounts for only about 15 parent of India’s GDP, about 50 percent of the country’s workers are farmers — and <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/12/10/india-witnessing-biggest-protests-history-modi-farm-reform/">hundreds of millions of farmers</a> have taken part in street demonstrations and strikes since last fall.
</p>
<h3 id="kE50el">
Farmers have had a powerful voice in Indian politics — and don’t want to lose it
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Zl2OBO">
Experts say that the government’s attempt to change farming policy has touched a third rail in Indian politics, revealing tensions created by modernization while threatening to unravel market norms for farmers that have been in place for decades.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AR1Iib">
Since the 1970s, an elaborate system of agricultural subsidies and price guarantees, organized through a system of marketplaces known as mandis, has been a central feature of agricultural policy in India, and, as Arvin noted, have essentially helped provide farmers with a kind of safety net.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oHStUW">
Aditya Dasgupta, an assistant professor of political science at the University of California, Merced specializing in the politics of India, says those policies are the product of large-scale mobilization by farmers, agrarian unions, movements, and parties which became politically powerful during the Green Revolution, the country’s enormous leap in agricultural productivity, which took place in the 1970s and ’80s.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7T8dth">
“The farmers’ protests today hark back to that tradition of protest and display of agrarian power, but the context is very different,” Dasgupta told me. “India is urbanizing, agriculture accounts for a shrinking share of GDP, and the main source of political-economic support for the ruling BJP party comes from urban big business.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="56JUf5">
“So, in a sense, this is not just a conflict about specific policies, but also a larger flashpoint about the sectoral basis of political power, and whether or not farmers remain a politically powerful interest group as India urbanizes,” he said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZZU40Z">
While it’s unclear what kind of compromise or concession might dial down tensions regarding the current reforms, experts like Dasgupta point out that the underlying dynamics that gave rise to them — questions over who should hold power in India’s evolving economy — are likely to remain in the long term.
</p></li>
<li><strong>Biden’s hesitancy about Trump receiving intelligence briefings, briefly explained</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="Trump, in a dark suit and red tie, raises his hand and speaks behind a blue and black podium as Biden, in a dark suit and blue tie, listens. " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/3f51tXY9mBJDFM2bkeL-1L54gSQ=/0x0:4041x3031/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68780854/GettyImages_1229228519.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
President Joe Biden and former President Donald Trump at the October 2020 presidential debate. | Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Former presidents are usually allowed access to sensitive intelligence, but Trump might not be.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FDG1pT">
President Joe Biden said in a CBS interview released Friday that he believes former President Donald Trump cannot be trusted with the classified intelligence briefings that are traditionally offered to former presidents, and suggested that he might bar Trump from receiving a briefing if he requested one, due to the former president’s “erratic behavior.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wVBPGw">
If Biden were to deny Trump access to a requested intelligence briefing — which Biden has unilateral authority to do — it would be a stark break from the convention of allowing former presidents to request and receive the briefings. They’re a perk of the post-presidency that allows former presidents to advise sitting presidents on pressing national security matters and, when needed, engage in unofficial diplomacy.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="X6zBN7">
When <em>CBS Evening News</em> anchor Norah O’Donnell <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/biden-trump-intelligence-briefings/">asked</a> Biden if he believed Trump should still receive intelligence briefings, Biden responded, “I think not.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4vmc5U">
Asked to explain his position, Biden said, “Because of his erratic behavior unrelated to the insurrection.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wfXHi1">
And when asked what he feared could happen if Trump did receive briefings, Biden said, “I’d rather not speculate out loud.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6B6PYz">
“I just think that there is no need for him to have the intelligence briefings. What value is giving him an intelligence briefing? What impact does he have at all, other than the fact he might slip and say something?” Biden said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7QL6zG">
Biden’s language suggested an inclination to block any requests from Trump, but his comments were not definitive.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hNvHFE">
On Saturday, White House press secretary Jen Psaki released a statement clarifying Biden’s remarks, suggesting that the administration will not necessarily completely bar Trump from intelligence, and that any request from the former president for a briefing would be subject to assessment.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5fuQlq">
“The president was expressing his concern about former President Trump receiving access to sensitive intelligence, but he also has deep trust in his own intelligence team to make a determination about how to provide intelligence information if at any point the former President Trump requests a briefing,” the statement said.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5DRjXZ">
So far, Trump <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/02/05/politics/biden-trump-intelligence-briefing/index.html">has reportedly not</a> submitted any intelligence briefing requests. But that he could be prevented from receiving one is remarkable. And should Biden face a request and deny it, he’d have the support of some top House Democrats and national security experts like Trump’s principal deputy director of national intelligence Susan Gordon, who have stated that they believe Trump’s access to such information poses a threat to national security.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CYSX44">
Overall, much like his upcoming Senate impeachment trial and his removal from social media platforms, Trump’s national security role post-presidency is shaping up to be as norm-shattering as his presidency.
</p>
<h3 id="HNJGgl">
Former presidents are allowed access to intelligence briefings to advance national interests. Critics say Trump will do the opposite.
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LZDSvI">
As the New York Times’s David Sanger <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/05/us/politics/biden-trump-intelligence-briefings.html">notes</a>, access to classified intelligence briefings — which contain the country’s most sensitive intelligence reporting and analysis on national security issues — is partially about extending a courtesy to former presidents and partially about equipping them to assist a sitting president, should he or she need their counsel on a complicated policy decision.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0k8Hve">
“Traditionally, these briefings have kept former presidents informed enough to serve as confidential advisers to the current president if needed, to offer perspective during an international crisis or before high-level negotiations with a foreign leader, for example,” David Priess, a CIA officer who briefed George H.W. Bush for years after he left the White House, <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/biden-trump-security-briefings/2021/02/05/a873a876-680b-11eb-8c64-9595888caa15_story.html">told the Washington Post</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CPxGLC">
Currently these briefings are given on a regular basis to Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama, Sanger reports.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Zsobj7">
Biden’s language suggests that Trump might become an exception to the long-standing tradition. And that’s because many Democrats and national security experts lack trust in his judgment and believe he could use the information inappropriately.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="BlRjkc">
Trump demonstrated a disinterest in intelligence briefings while he was still in office. He reportedly did not read the presidential daily briefing, and instead <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/02/05/politics/biden-trump-intelligence-briefing/index.html">preferred to be briefed orally two to three times a week</a>, a style of presentation that <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/05/us/politics/biden-trump-intelligence-briefings.html">decreased the nuance of the information</a>. He <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/01/politics/trump-intel-briefings-russia/index.html">resisted being briefed on negative information about Russia</a>. And more broadly speaking, he spent much of his presidency <a href="https://www.justsecurity.org/66035/the-pattern-and-practice-of-trumps-assaults-on-the-intelligence-community/">railing against the the intelligence community</a>, often describing them as part of a conspiracy against his presidency. In other words, there are questions about how Trump would handle information from institutions that he not only doesn’t respect, but considers political adversaries.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="czJ9AP">
There are also questions of competence. As Sanger <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/05/us/politics/biden-trump-intelligence-briefings.html">explains</a>, Trump played fast and loose with critical pieces of confidential information:
</p>
<blockquote>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oqwBCF">
Shortly after he <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/09/us/politics/james-comey-fired-fbi.html">fired the F.B.I. director</a> James B. Comey in 2017, Mr. Trump told the Russian foreign minister and the Russian ambassador about a highly classified piece of intelligence about the Islamic State that came from Israel. The Israelis were outraged.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Y548av">
Later in his presidency, Mr. Trump took a photograph with his phone of a classified satellite image showing an explosion at a missile launchpad in Iran. Some of the markings were blacked out first, but the revelation gave adversaries information — which they may have had, anyway — about the abilities of American surveillance satellites.
</p>
</blockquote>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="14unDf">
A number of national security experts have expressed concerns about the danger Trump could pose to the US’s most prized national security secrets.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="AvBFzz">
For example, Gordon — who <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/national-security/sue-gordon-has-resigned-deputy-director-national-intelligence-n1040616">resigned</a> as<strong> </strong>Trump’s principal deputy director of national intelligence in 2019 — <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/sue-gordon-trump-intelligence-briefings-former-president/2021/01/15/94b15c72-5747-11eb-a817-e5e7f8a406d6_story.html">wrote in a January op-ed</a> in the Washington Post that Trump should not receive any briefings as a private citizen because of his interest in remaining active in politics, his vulnerability to international surveillance, pressure due to his international business holdings, and questions about his general judgment.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MKE5dq">
“It is not clear that he understands the tradecraft to which he has been exposed, the reasons the knowledge he has acquired must be protected from disclosure, or the intentions and capabilities of adversaries and competitors who will use any means to advance their interests at the expense of ours,” she wrote.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="n2scdx">
Before Biden was inaugurated, Democratic Rep. Adam Schiff, chair of the House Intelligence Committee, also recommended cutting off Trump.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="VlO56g">
“There were, I think, any number of intelligence partners around the world who probably started withholding information from us because they didn’t trust the president would safeguard that information, and protect their sources and methods,” <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/adam-schiff-trump-intelligence-briefings-face-the-nation/">Schiff said</a>. “And that makes us less safe. We’ve seen this president politicize intelligence, and that’s another risk to the country.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="P4HCUg">
Douglas Wise, a former deputy director of the Defense Intelligence Agency, has pointed to Trump’s debt as a unique point of vulnerability. Much of the former’s president’s debt is held by financial institutions, but as <a href="https://www.vox.com/21472063/trump-tax-returns-debts-owes-money">Vox’s Andrew Prokop</a> has explained, Trump also made hundreds of millions of dollars in purchases using money from unknown sources.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OsrfqC">
“A frightening scenario is where the owners of Trump’s debt or actors like Putin who have the massive capacity to make him debt free pressure Trump into making decisions that are beneficial to Russia in the final days of his administration, serving as a conduit of Russian disinformation once out of office, or sharing intelligence information after he leaves,” Wise <a href="https://www.justsecurity.org/73332/why-trump-should-not-have-access-to-u-s-intelligence-after-january-20/">wrote at Just Security in November</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="np1DZB">
Deciding to block Trump’s access to top intelligence — assuming Trump ever requests it — is the prerogative of the Biden administration. It’s not necessary for any former president to access it, and given that Biden is unlikely to turn to Trump for counsel on many national security and foreign policy questions, it would not be a big loss for him to not have Trump among his advisers.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="1Fq1Xa">
But in addition to weighing national security concerns, Biden must also weigh the pros and cons of the potential political blowback of choosing to break this norm. In the wake of the Trump presidency, however, it seems unlikely such a decision will cause the shock it might have in another era.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="sotnmb">
</p></li>
<li><strong>The Supreme Court’s new, deeply fractured decision on churches and the pandemic, explained</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="Justices Barrett, left, and Kavanaugh, in black judicial robes and face masks, stand outdoors." src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/asnAD8r5rbsdbBbRp-79-XEFSQE=/0x0:2199x1649/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68780290/1297441126.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Justices Brett Kavanaugh and Amy Coney Barrett arrive at the inauguration of President Joe Biden at the US Capitol on January 20, 2021. | Drew Angerer/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Amy Coney Barrett just handed down her first Supreme Court opinion, and it’s surprisingly revealing
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LOJ9R1">
The Supreme Court handed down an unusually messy order Friday night, in a case brought by a church claiming that it should be exempted from several rules California put in place to prevent the spread of Covid-19. The justices split four ways in the case, <a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a136_bq7c.pdf"><em>South Bay United Pentecostal Church v. Newsom</em></a><em>, </em>with members of the Court’s Republican majority divided into three different camps.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xy4Mwi">
Interestingly, Justice Amy Coney Barrett wrote her first signed opinion since joining the Supreme Court, and her opinion takes a position that is slightly to the left of her most conservative colleagues. Though Barrett’s opinion is still quite conservative, it suggests that there may be some daylight between her views and those of her most reactionary colleagues.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="80OWby">
<em>South Bay</em> involves a <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/1/29/22254655/supreme-court-singing-religious-liberty-south-bay-newsom-pandemic-covid-amy-coney-barrett">bevy of limits</a> that California imposes on houses of worship, and on other places where people ordinarily congregate in large groups for extended periods of time. In the parts of the state with the most severe <a href="https://www.vox.com/coronavirus-covid19">Covid-19</a> outbreaks, California mandated worship services be conducted outside to minimize the risk of infection. In areas where Covid-19 is less prevalent, the state has said services may be conducted indoors, but only at limited capacity — with stricter capacity limits in areas where the disease is more common.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LUbleN">
Additionally, the state bans indoor singing and chanting because, in the words of one of the state’s expert witnesses, “most scientists believe that group singing, particularly when engaged in while in close proximity to others in an enclosed space, carries a high risk of <a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/20/20A136/167122/20210125123302696_Appendix%20iso%20Emergency%20Appl._January%202021.pdf">spreading the COVID-19 virus through the emission of infected droplets</a>.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="J7dXyJ">
Significantly, these restrictions apply equally to houses of worship and to similar secular activities. Theaters, lecture halls, and other places where people gather in auditorium-like settings are subject to the same restrictions that apply to places of worship in their area. The ban on indoor singing applies to political rallies, school music recitals, and other secular activities, just as it applies to religious services. (Although there is one possible exception to the singing ban, which will be explained below.)
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uP8jxr">
Because the justices split four different ways in <em>South Bay</em>, it’s not at all clear what legal rule judges should apply in future, similar cases. But the Court’s order blocks the ban on indoor worship. It leaves the capacity limits and the indoor singing ban in place, for now, but the Court’s order also permits the plaintiffs to gather additional evidence and try to convince a lower court to strike down those limits as well.
</p>
<h3 id="nBXPIw">
The Court’s four different opinions in <em>South Bay</em>, briefly explained
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wCmOew">
Until last November, the Court’s religion cases drew a line between religious discrimination cases, where religious institutions were treated worse than comparable secular institutions, and cases involving a “<a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/494/872#writing-USSC_CR_0494_0872_ZO">neutral law of general applicability</a>,” meaning that the law applies with equal force against religious and secular institutions.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NYFOkY">
Religious liberty plaintiffs who could prove discrimination typically prevailed, while plaintiffs who challenged a state law that applies equally to religious and secular behavior typically lost their case. (A federal statute applies a <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/12/2/21726876/supreme-court-religious-liberty-revolutionary-roman-catholic-diocese-cuomo-amy-coney-barrett">stricter rule to federal laws</a> that burden religious exercise, so religious liberty plaintiffs are much more likely to prevail in suits against the federal government than they are in suits against a state.)
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jwQ3Ut">
The night before last Thanksgiving, however, the Supreme Court handed down its decision in <a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a87_4g15.pdf"><em>Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo</em></a>, which <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/12/2/21726876/supreme-court-religious-liberty-revolutionary-roman-catholic-diocese-cuomo-amy-coney-barrett">vastly expanded</a> the Court’s definition of what constitutes “discrimination” against religion. Prior to <em>Roman Catholic Diocese</em>, the Court’s decisions indicated that states were only required to treat religious activity the same as they do “<a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/508/520">analogous non-religious conduct</a>.” So a state could impose restrictions on a church so long as the same restrictions applied to secular institutions that are similar in character to that church, such as lecture halls, movie theaters, and other places where people sit together for extended periods of time.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ToE6ni">
<em>Roman Catholic Diocese</em>, however, blocked New York’s strict occupancy limits on places of worship because the same restrictions didn’t apply to secular businesses that are quite unlike houses of worship, such as “acupuncture facilities, camp grounds, [and] garages.” The Court’s decision in <em>Roman Catholic Diocese</em> suggested, in other words, that religious discrimination exists if a state treats <em>any</em> secular institution differently than a religious institution, no matter how dissimilar those two institutions might be.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WHYif3">
With this background in mind, let’s take a quick look at each of the four opinions in the <em>South Bay</em> case.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="36QhS2">
Justice Neil Gorsuch, joined by Justices Clarence Thomas and Samuel Alito, took the most expansive view of what constitutes religious discrimination. They would have blocked California’s public health limits on worship services in their entirety — although Alito would have stayed that decision for 30 days to give the state an opportunity to show that it absolutely must leave some restrictions in place to prevent the spread of Covid-19.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NMnz56">
Notably, these three justices were the only three who would have ended California’s ban on indoor singing, which they claim is discriminatory even though it applies equally to non-religious gatherings such as political rallies.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zIk61W">
California, Gorsuch notes, might permit indoor singing to occur on Hollywood film sets (although he admits that there is “some confusion over what rules actually apply to Hollywood”). Thus, by allegedly treating worship services differently than Hollywood film sets, Gorsuch claims that California discriminates against religion.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="An2WED">
It’s worth noting that there is a significant distinction between religious services and the film industry. As Justice Elena Kagan writes in her dissenting opinion, “film production studios in California … must test their employees as many as three times a week,” and it would be extraordinarily difficult to apply a similar testing regime to houses of worship. But, under Gorsuch’s approach, this important distinction between film studios and places of worship is largely irrelevant.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="hpM2SR">
Justice Amy Coney Barrett’s opinion, which was joined by Justice Brett Kavanaugh, is slightly to the left of Gorsuch’s view. Though Barrett agrees with Gorsuch that “if a chorister can sing in a Hollywood studio but not in her church, California’s regulations cannot be viewed as neutral,” she concedes that the “record is uncertain” regarding what rules apply to film studios. Accordingly, her opinion allows the indoor singing ban to remain in effect, for now, while additional litigation takes place to figure out how the state treats Hollywood.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JdzQT4">
Significantly, Barrett’s opinion also suggests that she does not want to tear down completely the distinction between cases involving religious discrimination and cases involving universally applicable laws. “It remains unclear whether the singing ban applies across the board (and thus constitutes a neutral and generally applicable law) or else favors certain sectors (and thus triggers more searching review),” Barrett writes.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="TE4le7">
The Supreme Court’s 1990 decision in <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/494/872#writing-USSC_CR_0494_0872_ZO"><em>Employment Division v. Smith</em></a><em> </em>established the rule that neutral state laws of general applicability may be applied to religious institutions, but this decision has been under fire almost since the day it was decided. It is particularly loathed by religious conservatives, and there is a case <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/2/25/21150692/supreme-court-religion-discrimination-lgbtq-foster-fulton-philadelphia-first-amendment">pending before the Supreme Court right now which seeks to overrule <em>Smith</em></a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pbDP7v">
Barrett’s opinion in <em>South Bay</em>, however, suggests that she may not be willing to go quite that far. And her decision to break with Gorsuch may be an early sign that she is a somewhat more moderate justice than the Court’s most conservative members.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0SaEsb">
The four remaining justices all called for the Court to be more deferential to public health officials who are struggling to contain a pandemic. Writing only for himself, Chief Justice John Roberts emphasizes his view that “the ‘Constitution principally entrusts the safety and the health of the people to the politically accountable officials of the States.’” That said, Roberts also concludes that an outright ban on indoor services, even in areas with severe Covid-19 outbreaks, goes too far.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0bKf8B">
Finally, Justice Kagan, in an opinion joined by Justices Stephen Breyer and Sonia Sotomayor, scolds her colleagues for displacing “the judgments of experts about how to respond to a raging pandemic.” She concludes her opinion with a rhetorical flourish:
</p>
<blockquote>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="PuMefY">
[I]f this decision causes suffering, we will not pay. Our marble halls are now closed to the public, and our life tenure forever insulates us from responsibility for our errors. That would seem good reason to avoid disrupting a State’s pandemic response. But the Court forges ahead regardless, insisting that science-based policy yield to judicial edict.
</p>
</blockquote>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Bewlmf">
Kagan has historically avoided using harsh language, and she’s been quite open about her desire to <a href="https://archive.thinkprogress.org/justice-kagan-warns-that-the-supreme-courts-legitimacy-is-in-danger-2de1192d5636/">broker compromises with her conservative colleagues</a> that prevent radical changes to the law. That Kagan is now using such bleak terms to criticize her colleagues suggests that she may no longer believe such compromises are possible, now that the Court has a 6-3 Republican majority.
</p>
<h3 id="GbsINB">
What Barrett’s opinion could say about the future
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QCQrOa">
Amy Coney Barrett is only 49 years old, which means that she could serve on the Supreme Court for three decades or more. And, while she is known to be <a href="https://www.vox.com/21446700/amy-coney-barrett-trump-supreme-court">quite conservative</a>, it’s not yet clear whether she shares some of the most extreme views held by her more conservative colleagues. Her opinion in <em>South Bay</em> is the first sign since she joined the Court that she may be more moderate than, say, Justice Thomas.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zJeHKP">
Like Thomas and Gorsuch, Barrett <a href="https://www.vox.com/21497317/originalism-amy-coney-barrett-constitution-supreme-court">identifies as an originalist</a>, meaning she believes that the Constitution’s words must be read as they were understood when they were ratified. Some originalists, such as Thomas, argue that courts must follow what they believe to be the original meaning of the Constitution even when such a decision would do considerable violence to the law. Thomas, for example, has <a href="https://archive.thinkprogress.org/clarence-thomas-most-important-legal-thinker-in-america-c12af3d08c98/">suggested that federal child labor laws are unconstitutional</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4LSrF3">
As a law professor, Barrett seemed to reject this extreme position, writing that there are some past decisions that “<a href="https://www.vox.com/21497317/originalism-amy-coney-barrett-constitution-supreme-court">no serious person would propose to undo even if they are wrong</a>.” In a 2016 article Barrett co-authored, she acknowledged that “adherence to originalism arguably requires, for example, the <a href="https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1619&amp;context=jcl">dismantling of the administrative state, the invalidation of paper money, and the reversal of <em>Brown v. Board of Education</em></a>,” but Barrett appears to recognize that it would be irresponsible for her to declare the dollar itself unconstitutional.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xL1Sy0">
It’s important not to overread these nods toward moderation in Barrett’s record. She is a very conservative judge. And it’s hardly an act of heroic restraint to declare that public school segregation should remain illegal, or that federal child labor laws should continue to exist.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8xGEWV">
But if Barrett does tend to vote more like Kavanaugh — and less like Thomas, Alito, or Gorsuch — that could matter a great deal in future cases.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6bGXrA">
In the lead-up to the 2020 election, for example, Thomas, Alito, Gorsuch, and Kavanaugh all called for <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/10/26/21535503/supreme-court-wisconsin-democratic-national-committee-neil-gorsuch-brett-kavanaugh-bush-v-gore">fairly radical changes to American election law</a> — changes that are likely to disenfranchise countless voters if a fifth justice signs onto them. But Thomas, Alito, and Gorsuch all signaled that they would apply such changes retroactively, meaning that voters who complied with the rules in place when they cast their ballots would be disenfranchised, if those voters <a href="https://www.vox.com/21504075/supreme-court-election-brett-kavanaugh-andino-middleton-south-carolina">failed to comply with new rules that were invented <em>after they had already voted</em></a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0f3k6P">
Kavanaugh, at the least, was unwilling to go that far in a South Carolina case — a case that would have <a href="https://www.vox.com/21504075/supreme-court-election-brett-kavanaugh-andino-middleton-south-carolina">disenfranchised as many as 20,000 voters</a> if Thomas, Alito, and Gorsuch had gotten their way. Under Kavanaugh’s approach in that case, voters who followed the rules that were in place when they cast their ballots were not punished for failing to predict the future.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oUYGHO">
Like Barrett, in other words, Kavanaugh is a rather conservative judge. But there is a significant difference between his approach to judging, and the often nihilistic approach taken by Thomas, Alito, and Gorsuch.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Eox5D5">
And, if Barrett proves to be more like Kavanaugh than like the three most conservative justices, that means that she might put the brakes on some of the most extreme ideas — such as retroactively disenfranchising voters — supported by Thomas, Alito, or Gorsuch.
</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ankita Raina becomes fifth Indian woman to feature in Grand Slam main draw</strong> - Ankita is only the second Indian after Sania Mirza, a six-time Grand Slam champion, to compete in the women’s doubles of a tennis major.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Tennis legend Akhtar Ali passes away</strong> - Ali’s coaching influenced well-known players like Vijay Amritraj, Anand Amritraj, Ramesh Krishnan, Leander Paes and Somdev Devvarman.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>India vs. England first Test | England take control after Pant, Pujara’s counter-attacking stand</strong> - At stumps, India were 257 for 6 in reply to England’s massive first innings score of 578 with 122 runs still needed to avoid the follow-on.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>England 578 all out in first innings against India</strong> - Skipper Joe Root’s marathon 218-run knock was the highlight of the English effort.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Former heavyweight champion Leon Spinks dies at 67</strong> - Leon Spinks won the light heavyweight division at the 1976 Olympics in Montreal, beating Sixto Soria of Cuba in an upset to become one of five U.S. fighters to win gold</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Glacier burst: IMD says no adverse weather over affected areas on Feb 7, 8</strong> - India Meteorological Department (IMD) Additional Director General Anand Sharma said Chamoli, Tapovan and Joshimath are likely to witness dry weather during the two days</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Afghanistan gets Covishield vaccine doses from India</strong> - India-made vaccine is the first to reach Afghanistan, which expects WHO emergency approval for its use soon.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Have full faith in judiciary, says Faruqui after his release from jail</strong> - The comedian put out a brief video after he was set free.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Crop loan waiver is only to benefit ruling partymen, alleges Stalin</strong> - The DMK president said the loan waiver announced by the TN government was only to benefit AIADMK men who had availed of loans in large numbers</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>India now third on the list of countries to administer most doses of vaccine</strong> - As of February 7, 8 a.m., a total of 57.75 lakh beneficiaries have received the vaccine.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Chechnya: Escaped gay men sent back by Russian police</strong> - A rights group says the men are in “mortal danger” in Chechnya, where gay people face persecution.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>French couple jailed after boy’s fatal beating revealed accidentally in call</strong> - A French couple are jailed after the cause of a toddler’s death is given away in an emergency call.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pope Francis appoints first woman to the Synod of Bishops</strong> - Nathalie Becquart will have voting rights in the body that advises the Pope on controversial topics.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Saharan dust: Orange skies and sandy snow in southern Europe</strong> - The sky in parts of southern Europe turns an eerie orange as wind brings sand from the Sahara desert.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Russia expels European diplomats over Navalny protests</strong> - Moscow say the diplomats attended weekend protests in support of Putin critic Alexei Navalny.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>YouTube’s lo-fi music streams are all about the euphoria of less</strong> - Lo-fi hip-hop channels have created a community for minimalist escape. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1740110">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Review: The Dig brings a famous archaeological find to vivid life</strong> - This tale of the famed Sutton Hoo excavations is based on the novel by John Preston - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1738436">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Scientific community on report of a strange chemical at Venus: Probably not</strong> - Researchers behind the initial claim also revise it but say it’s still valid. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1740218">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A new lens technology is primed to jumpstart phone cameras</strong> - Smartphone optics have been pretty much the same for more than a decade. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1740149">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Gaming sites are still letting streamers profit from hate</strong> - Far-right, racist figures monetize livestreams via “donation management services.” - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1740103">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Why don’t ants get Covid?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Because they have tiny little anty bodies.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/MTPokitz"> /u/MTPokitz </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/leegfn/why_dont_ants_get_covid/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/leegfn/why_dont_ants_get_covid/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>The phone rings at the local police station. “Hello? I’m calling to report my neighbor, Craig. He is hiding marijuana inside his firewood!”</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Thank you very much for the call, sir.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The next day, policemen descend on the neighbor’s house. They search the shed where the firewood is kept.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Using axes, they bust open every piece of wood, but find no marijuana. They swear at the neighbors and leave.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The phone rings at the neighbors house.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Hey, Craig, did the police come?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Yep.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Did they chop your firewood?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Sure did, Eric. Thanks!”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“Great, now it’s your turn to call. I need my garden plowed.”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/stevenlover333"> /u/stevenlover333 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/le8zn1/the_phone_rings_at_the_local_police_station_hello/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/le8zn1/the_phone_rings_at_the_local_police_station_hello/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>My sex life is like COVID-19.</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
I don’t have COVID-19.
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/MudakMudakov"> /u/MudakMudakov </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ldzhdq/my_sex_life_is_like_covid19/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ldzhdq/my_sex_life_is_like_covid19/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>There’s a man who hates his wife</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
He is reading the newspaper and sees an ad for a hitman named Arti who only costs a dollar! The man calls Arti and tells him that his wife goes to Walmart every Saturday at 10:00 AM. Arti goes to Walmart and waits. Then he sees the man’s wife so Arti jumps over and choked her to death. But somebody saw, so he also choked them to death. But this time an employee saw so he choked them to death and ran away. The next day the man checks the newspaper, satisfied that the hitman succeeded and sees an article that says “Artichokes 3 for a dollar at Walmart!”
</p>
</div>
<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/HeyImDog"> /u/HeyImDog </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ledt7u/theres_a_man_who_hates_his_wife/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/ledt7u/theres_a_man_who_hates_his_wife/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>A young kid from Alabama moves to New York</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
<div class="md">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
He goes to a big “everything under one roof” department store looking for a job. He sits down, greets the manager and shakes his hand. The manager says, “Do you have any sales experience?” The kid replies, “Yeah, I was a salesman back home in Alabama” They talk and get acquainted and the manager likes him so he gave him the job. “You start tomorrow. I’ll come by after we close and see how you did.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
His first day on the job was rough, but he pulled through it. After the store was locked, the manager came down just like he said. “How many customers bought something from you today?” The kid replies, “One.” The boss glares at him and shouts, “Just one!? Our sales people average 20-30 customers per day!” .. “How much was the sale for!?” The kid replies “$121,237.65” The boss now shocked, “What in the hell did you sell!?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The kids says, "Well first I sold him a small fishhook. Then I sold him a medium fishhook. Then I sold him a larger fishhook. Then a new fishing rod. So I asked him where he was going fishing and he said down the coast, so I told him he needs a good boat, we went down to that department, and he got a twin engine Boston Whaler. Then he said he didn’t think his Honda Civic would pull the boat so I took him to the automotive department and sold him a truck.
</p>
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The boss furrowing his brow said, “A guy came here to buy a fishhook and you sold him a boat and a truck???”
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The kid replied, "No, the guy came here to buy tampons for his wife and I said ‘dude your weekend sounds shot, you should go fishing’.
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/TheUnderwearCrusader"> /u/TheUnderwearCrusader </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/le65ll/a_young_kid_from_alabama_moves_to_new_york/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/le65ll/a_young_kid_from_alabama_moves_to_new_york/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
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