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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>“Saving lives, protecting livelihoods, and safeguarding nature”: risk-based wildlife trade policy for sustainable development outcomes post-COVID-19</strong> -
<div>
The COVID‐19 pandemic has caused huge loss of life, and immense social and economic harm. Wildlife trade has become central to discourse on COVID-19, zoonotic pandemics, and related policy responses, which must focus on “saving lives, protecting livelihoods, and safeguarding nature”. Proposed policy responses have included extreme measures such as banning all use and trade of wildlife, or blanket measures for entire Classes. However, different trades pose varying degrees of risk for zoonotic pandemics, while some trades also play critical roles in delivering other aspects of sustainable development, particularly related to poverty, hunger, decent work, responsible consumption and production, and life on land and below water. Here we describe how wildlife trade contributes to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in diverse ways, with synergies and trade-offs within and between the SDGs. In doing so, we show that prohibitions could result in severe trade-offs against some SDGs, with limited benefits for public health via pandemic prevention. This complexity necessitates context-specific policies, with multi-sector decision-making that goes beyond simple top-down solutions. We encourage decision-makers to adopt a risk-based approach to wildlife trade policy post-COVID-19, with policies formulate via participatory, evidence-based approaches, which explicitly acknowledge uncertainty, complexity and conflicting values across different components of the SDGs. This could help to ensure that future use and trade of wildlife is safe, environmentally-sustainable and socially-just.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/2p3xt/" target="_blank">“Saving lives, protecting livelihoods, and safeguarding nature”: risk-based wildlife trade policy for sustainable development outcomes post-COVID-19</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Depression and anxiety before and during the COVID-19 lockdown: a longitudinal cohort study with university students</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background: For young people, just as in the general population, COVID-19 caused many changes in their lives, including an increased risk for mental illness symptoms. We aimed to study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in anxiety and depression symptoms in a cohort of university students. Methods: This study is part of broader longitudinal research on university students9 mental health with data of the Portuguese version of The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Portuguese version of the Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) with evaluations on January, May and October 2019 and June 2020, as well as socio-demographic information. Results: 341 university students (257 females and 84 males) were included, with a mean age of 19.91 (SD=1.58). In June 2020, the mean for perceived wellbeing loss was 60.47% (SD=26.56) and 59.54% (SD=28.95) for mental health loss. The proportion of students with scores equal to or above 15 in the PHQ-9 ranged between 22.6% and 25.5% in 2019 and 37.0% in June 2020. The proportion of GAD-7 scores above cut-off ten ranged between 46.0% and 47.8% in 2019 and 64.5% in 2020. Compared with preceding trends, PHQ-9 scores were 3.11 (CI=2.40-3.83) higher than expected, and GAD-7 scores were 3.56 (CI=2.75-5.37) higher. Discussion: COVID-19 impacted negatively depressive and anxiety symptoms, confirming previous studies and young people9s vulnerability in such uncertain times.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.23.21252284v1" target="_blank">Depression and anxiety before and during the COVID-19 lockdown: a longitudinal cohort study with university students</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>A longitudinal study of healthcare workers’ surveillance during the ongoing COVID-19 Epidemics in Italy: is SARS-CoV-2 still a threat for the Health-care System?</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Objectives: In spring 2020, Northern Italy was the first area outside China to be involved in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This observational study depicts SARS-CoV-2 prevalence and serological curves among first-line healthcare workers (HCWs) at Padua University Hospital (PdUH), North-East Italy. Method: 344 HCWs, working at the PdUH Emergency Department and Infectious Disease Unit, underwent a SARS-CoV-2 RNA nasopharyngeal swab with paired IgM and IgG antibody detection for 4 consecutive weeks. At every session, a questionnaire recorded symptoms, signs and recent contacts with SARS-CoV-2 patients. Positive cases were followed up for 5 months. Results: Twenty-seven HCWs (7.84%) had positive serology (Abs) with 12 positive swabs during the study period. Two additional HCWs were positive by swab but without Abs. Fourteen cases (4%) had SARS-CoV-2 infection before the beginning of the study. An HCW with autoimmune disease showed false Ab results. 46% of individuals with Abs reported no symptoms, in accordance with previous population studies. Fever, nasal congestion, diarrhoea and contacts with SARS-CoV-2 individuals correlated to SARS-CoV-2 infection. 96% of Abs+ cases showed persistent positive antibodies 5 months later and none was re-infected. Discussion: Correct use of PPEs and separate paths for positive/negative patients in the hospital can result in a low percentage of SARS-CoV-2 infections among HCWs, even in high risk settings. Frequent testing for SARS-CoV-2 with nasopharyngeal swabs is worthwhile, irrespective of HCWs9 symptoms, due to the lack of specificity together with the high percentage of asymptomatic cases. Further studies are needed to elucidate the neutralizing effect of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.23.21249481v1" target="_blank">A longitudinal study of healthcare workers’ surveillance during the ongoing COVID-19 Epidemics in Italy: is SARS-CoV-2 still a threat for the Health-care System?</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>SARS CoV-2 escape variants exhibit differential infectivity and neutralization sensitivity to convalescent or post-vaccination sera</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Towards eradicating COVID19, developing vaccines that induce high levels of neutralizing antibodies is a main goal. As counter measurements, viral escape mutants rapidly emerge and potentially compromise vaccine efficiency. Herein we monitored ability of convalescent or Pfizer-BTN162b2 post-vaccination sera to neutralize wide-type SARS- CoV2 or its UK-B.1.1.7 and SA-B.1.351 variants. Relative to convalescent sera, post- vaccination sera exhibited higher levels of neutralizing antibodies against wild-type or mutated viruses. However, while SARS-CoV2 wild-type and UK-N501Y were similarly neutralized by tested sera, the SA-N501Y/K417N/E484K variant moderately escaped neutralization. Significant contribution to infectivity and sensitivity to neutralization was attributed to each of the variants and their single or combined mutations, highlighting alternative mechanisms by which prevalent variants with either N501Y or E484K/K417N mutations spread. Our study validates the clinical significance of currently administered vaccines, but emphasizes that their efficacy may be compromised by circulated variants, urging the development of new ones with broader neutralization functions.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.22.21252002v1" target="_blank">SARS CoV-2 escape variants exhibit differential infectivity and neutralization sensitivity to convalescent or post-vaccination sera</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>COVID-19 in New York state: Effects of demographics and air quality on infection and fatality</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a global impact that has been unevenly distributed amongst and, even within countries. Multiple demographic and environmental factors have been associated with the risk of COVID-19 spread and fatality, including age, gender, ethnicity, poverty, and air quality among others. However, specific contributions of these factors are yet to be understood. Here, we attempted to explain the variability in infection, death, and fatality rates by understanding the contributions of a few selected factors. We compared the incidence of COVID-19 in New York State (NYS) counties during the first wave of infection and analyzed how different demographic and environmental variables associate with the variation observed across the counties. We observed that the two important COVID-19 metrics of infection rates and death rates to be well correlated, and both metrics being highest in counties located near New York City, considered one of the epicenters of the infection in the US. In contrast, disease fatality was found to be highest in a different set of counties despite registering a low infection rate. To investigate this apparent discrepancy, we divided the counties into three clusters based on COVID-19 infection, death rate, or fatality, and compared the differences in the demographic and environmental variables such as ethnicity, age, population density, poverty, temperature, and air quality in each of these clusters. Furthermore, a regression model built on this data reveals PM2.5 and distance from the epicenter are significant risk factors for high infection rate, while disease fatality has a strong association with age and PM2.5. Our results demonstrate, for the NYS, distinct contributions of old age, PM2.5, ethnicity these factors to the overall COVID-19 burden and highlight the detrimental impact of poor air quality. These results could help design and direct location-specific control and mitigation strategies.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.22.21252262v1" target="_blank">COVID-19 in New York state: Effects of demographics and air quality on infection and fatality</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Prior COVID-19 Infection and Antibody Response to Single Versus Double Dose mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The double dose regimen for mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 presents both a hope and a challenge for global efforts to curb the COVID-19 pandemic. With supply chain logistics impacting the rollout of population-scale vaccination programs, increasing attention has turned to the potential efficacy of single versus double dose vaccine administration for select individuals. To this end, we examined response to Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine in a large cohort of healthcare workers including those with versus without prior COVID-19 infection. For all participants, we quantified circulating levels of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike (S) protein IgG at baseline prior to vaccine, after vaccine dose 1, and after vaccine dose 2. We observed that the anti-S IgG antibody response following a single vaccine dose in persons who had recovered from confirmed prior COVID-19 infection was similar to the antibody response following two doses of vaccine in persons without prior infection (P&gt;0.57). Patterns were similar for the post-vaccine symptoms experienced by infection recovered persons following their first dose compared to the symptoms experienced by infection naive persons following their second dose (P=0.66). These results support the premise that a single dose of mRNA vaccine could provoke in COVID-19 recovered individuals a level of immunity that is comparable to that seen in infection naive persons following a double dose regimen. Additional studies are needed to validate our findings, which could allow for public health programs to expand the reach of population wide vaccination efforts.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.23.21252230v1" target="_blank">Prior COVID-19 Infection and Antibody Response to Single Versus Double Dose mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Evidence of long-lasting humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 even in elderly COVID-19 convalescents showing a mild to moderate disease progression</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
After the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in China in late 2019, a pandemic evolved that has claimed millions of lives so far. While about 80 % of infections cause mild or moderate COVID-19 disease, some individuals show a severe progression or even die. Most countries are far from achieving herd-immunity, however, the first approved vaccines offer hope for containment of the virus. Although much is known about the virus, there is a lack of information on the immunity of convalescent individuals. We here evaluate the humoral and cellular immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in 41 COVID-19 convalescents. As previous studies mostly included younger individuals, one advantage of our study is the comparatively high mean age of the convalescents included in the cohort considered (54 ± 8.4 years). While anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were still detectable in 95 % of convalescents up to 8 months post infection, an antibody-decay over time was generally observed in most donors. Using a multiplex assay, our data additionally reveal that most convalescents exhibit a broad humoral immunity against different viral epitopes. We demonstrate by flow cytometry that convalescent donors show a significantly elevated number of natural killer cells when compared to healthy controls, while no differences were found concerning other leucocyte subpopulations. We detected a specific long-lasting cellular immune response in convalescents by stimulating immune cells with SARS-CoV-2-specific peptides, covering domains of the viral spike, membrane and nucleocapsid protein, and measuring interferon-γ (IFN-γ) release thereafter. We modified a commercially available ELISA assay for IFN-γ determination in whole-blood specimens of COVID-19 convalescents. One advantage of this assay is that it does not require special equipment and can, thus, be performed in any standard laboratory. In conclusion, our study adds knowledge regarding the persistence of immunity of convalescents suffering from mild to moderate COVID-19. Moreover, our study provides a set of simple methods to characterize and confirm experienced COVID-19.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.23.21251891v1" target="_blank">Evidence of long-lasting humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 even in elderly COVID-19 convalescents showing a mild to moderate disease progression</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine in Pakistan Among Health Care Workers</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Objective Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine will impart a pivotal role in eradicating the virus. In Pakistan, health care workers (HCWs) are the first group to receive vaccination. This survey aimed at the level of acceptance to the COVID-19 vaccine and predictors of non-acceptance in HCWs. Method This was a cross-sectional study design and data were collected through 3rd December 2020 and February 14th, 2021. An English questionnaire was distributed through social media platforms and administration of affiliate hospitals along with snowball sampling for private hospitals. Results Out of 5,237 responses, 3,679 (70.25%) accepted COVID-19 vaccination and 1,284 (24.51%) wanted to delay until more data was available. Only 0.05% of HCWs rejected being vaccinated. Vaccine acceptance was more in young (76%) and female gender (63.3%) who worked in a tertiary care hospital (51.2%) and were direct patient care providers (61.3%). The reason for rejection in females was doubtful vaccine effectiveness (31.48%) while males rejected due to prior COVID-19 exposure (42.19%) and side effect profile of the vaccine (33.17%). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated age between 51-60 years, female gender, Pashtuns, those working in the specialty of medicine and allied, taking direct care of COVID-19 patients, higher education, and prior OCVID-19 infection as the predictors for acceptance or rejection of COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion A high overall acceptance rate was observed among HCWs, favoring a successful nationwide vaccination program in Pakistan.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.23.21252271v1" target="_blank">Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine in Pakistan Among Health Care Workers</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Associations Between Google Search Trends for Symptoms and COVID-19 Confirmed and Death Cases in the United States</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
We utilize functional data analysis techniques to investigate patterns of COVID-19 positivity and mortality in the US and their associations with Google search trends for COVID-19 related symptoms. Specifically, we represent state-level time series data for COVID-19 and Google search trends for symptoms as smoothed functional curves. Given these functional data, we explore the modes of variation in the data using functional principal component analysis (FPCA). We also apply functional clustering analysis to identify patterns of COVID-19 confirmed case and death trajectories across the US. Moreover, we quantify the associations between Google COVID-19 search trends for symptoms and COVID-19 confirmed case and death trajectories using dynamic correlation. Finally, we examine the dynamics of correlations for the top nine Google search trends of symptoms commonly associated with COVID-19 confirmed case and death trajectories. Our results reveal and characterize distinct patterns for COVID-19 spread and mortality across the US. The dynamics of these correlations suggest the feasibility of using Google queries to forecast COVID-19 cases and mortality for up to three weeks in advance. Our results and analysis framework set the stage for the development of predictive models for forecasting COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths using historical data and Google search trends for nine symptoms associated with both outcomes.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.22.21252254v1" target="_blank">Associations Between Google Search Trends for Symptoms and COVID-19 Confirmed and Death Cases in the United States</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Microbial signatures in the lower airways of mechanically ventilated COVID19 patients associated with poor clinical outcome</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Mortality among patients with COVID-19 and respiratory failure is high and there are no known lower airway biomarkers that predict clinical outcome. We investigated whether bacterial respiratory infections and viral load were associated with poor clinical outcome and host immune tone. We obtained bacterial and fungal culture data from 589 critically ill subjects with COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation. On a subset of the subjects that underwent bronchoscopy, we also quantified SARS-CoV-2 viral load, analyzed the microbiome of the lower airways by metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses and profiled the host immune response. We found that isolation of a hospital-acquired respiratory pathogen was not associated with fatal outcome. However, poor clinical outcome was associated with enrichment of the lower airway microbiota with an oral commensal (Mycoplasma salivarium), while high SARS-CoV-2 viral burden, poor anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response, together with a unique host transcriptome profile of the lower airways were most predictive of mortality. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that 1) the extent of viral infectivity drives mortality in severe COVID-19, and therefore 2) clinical management strategies targeting viral replication and host responses to SARS-CoV-2 should be prioritized.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.23.21252221v1" target="_blank">Microbial signatures in the lower airways of mechanically ventilated COVID19 patients associated with poor clinical outcome</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>An integrated framework for building trustworthy data-driven epidemiological models: Application to the COVID-19 outbreak in New York City</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Epidemiological models can provide the dynamic evolution of a pandemic but they are based on many assumptions and parameters that have to be adjusted over the time when the pandemic lasts. However, often the available data are not sufficient to identify the model parameters and hence infer the unobserved dynamics. Here, we develop a general framework for building a trustworthy data-driven epidemiological model, consisting of a workflow that integrates data acquisition and event timeline, model development, identifiability analysis, sensitivity analysis, model calibration, model robustness analysis, and forecasting with uncertainties in different scenarios. In particular, we apply this framework to propose a modified susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) model, including new compartments and model vaccination in order to forecast the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in New York City (NYC). We find that we can uniquely estimate the model parameters and accurately predict the daily new infection cases, hospitalizations, and deaths, in agreement with the available data from NYC9s government9s website. In addition, we employ the calibrated data-driven model to study the effects of vaccination and timing of reopening indoor dining in NYC.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.22.21252255v1" target="_blank">An integrated framework for building trustworthy data-driven epidemiological models: Application to the COVID-19 outbreak in New York City</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Impact of the Tier system on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the UK between the first and second national lockdowns</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Objective: Measure the effects of the Tier system on the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK between the first and second national lockdowns, before the emergence of the B.1.1.7 variant of concern. Design: Modelling study combining estimates of the real-time reproduction number Rt (derived from UK case, death and serological survey data) with publicly available data on regional non-pharmaceutical interventions. We fit a Bayesian hierarchical model with latent factors using these quantities, to account for broader national trends in addition to subnational effects from Tiers. Setting: The UK at Lower Tier Local Authority (LTLA) level. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Reduction in real-time reproduction number Rt. Results: Nationally, transmission increased between July and late September, regional differences notwithstanding. Immediately prior to the introduction of the tier system, Rt averaged 1.3 (0.9-1.6) across LTLAs, but declined to an average of 1.1 (0.86-1.42) two weeks later. Decline in transmission was not solely attributable to Tiers. Tier 1 had negligible effects. Tiers 2 and 3 respectively reduced transmission by 6% (5%-7%) and 23% (21%-25%). 93% of LTLAs would have begun to suppress their epidemics if every LTLA had gone into Tier 3 by the second national lockdown, whereas only 29% did so in reality. Conclusions: The relatively small effect sizes found in this analysis demonstrate that interventions at least as stringent as Tier 3 are required to suppress transmission, especially considering more transmissible variants, at least until effective vaccination is widespread or much greater population immunity has amassed.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.23.21252277v1" target="_blank">Impact of the Tier system on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the UK between the first and second national lockdowns</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>Inequalities in the decline and recovery of pathological cancer diagnoses during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based study</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Background: The restructuring of healthcare systems to cope with the demands of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a reduction in clinical services such as cancer screening and diagnostics. Methods: Data from the four Northern Ireland pathology labs was used to assess trends in pathological cancer diagnoses from 1st March to 12th September 2020 overall and by cancer site, gender and age. These trends were compared to the same timeframe from 2017-2019. Results: Between 1st March and 12th September 2020 there was a 23% reduction in cancer diagnoses compared to the same time period in the preceding three years. Although some recovery occurred in August and September 2020, this revealed inequalities across certain patient groups. Pathological diagnoses of lung, prostate and gynaecological malignancies remained well below pre-pandemic levels. Males and younger/middle-aged adults, particularly the 50-59 year old patient group, also lagged behind other population demographic groups in terms of returning to expected numbers of pathological cancer diagnoses. Conclusions: There is a critical need to protect cancer diagnostic services in the ongoing pandemic to facilitate timely investigation of potential cancer cases. Targeted public health campaigns may be needed to reduce emerging inequalities in cancer diagnoses as the COVID-19 pandemic continues.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.23.21252276v1" target="_blank">Inequalities in the decline and recovery of pathological cancer diagnoses during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based study</a>
</div></li>
<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance identifies naturally occurring truncations of ORF7a that limit immune suppression</strong> -
<div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Over 200,000 whole-genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 have been determined for viruses isolated from around the world. These sequences have been critical for understanding the spread and evolution of SARS-CoV-2. Using global phylogenomics, we show that mutations frequently occur in the C-terminal end of ORF7a. We have isolated one of these mutant viruses from a patient sample and used viral challenge experiments to demonstrate that Δ115 mutation results in a growth defect. ORF7a has been implicated in immune modulation, and we show that the C-terminal truncation results in distinct changes in interferon-stimulated gene expression. Collectively, this work indicates that ORF7a mutations occur frequently and that these changes affect viral mechanisms responsible for suppressing the immune response.
</p>
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.22.21252253v1" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance identifies naturally occurring truncations of ORF7a that limit immune suppression</a>
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<li><strong>Using CATA and Machine Learning to Operationalize Old Constructs in New Ways: An Illustration Using U.S. Governors’ COVID-19 Press Briefings</strong> -
<div>
Increased computing power and greater access to online data have led to rapid growth in the use of computer-aided text analysis (CATA) and machine learning methods. Using “big data”, researchers have not only advanced new streams of research, but also new research methodologies. Noting this trend and simultaneously recognizing the value of traditional research methods, we lay out a methodology that bridges the gap between old and new approaches to operationalize old constructs in new ways. With a combination of web scraping, CATA, and supervised machine learning, using ground truth data, we train a model to predict CIP (Charismatic-Ideological-Pragmatic) categorical leadership styles from running text. To illustrate this method, we apply the model to classify U.S. state governors’ COVID-19 press briefings according to their CIP leadership style. In addition, we demonstrate content and convergent validity of the method.
</div>
<div class="article-link article-html-link">
🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/84ux5/" target="_blank">Using CATA and Machine Learning to Operationalize Old Constructs in New Ways: An Illustration Using U.S. Governors’ COVID-19 Press Briefings</a>
</div></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Protecting Native Families From COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Behavioral: Motivational Interviewing;   Behavioral: COVID-19 Symptom Monitoring System;   Behavioral: Motivational Interviewing and COVID-19 Symptom Monitoring System;   Other: Supportive Services<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID Antithrombotic Rivaroxaban Evaluation</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Rivaroxaban 10 mg<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz;   Bayer;   Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein;   Hospital do Coracao;   Hospital Sirio-Libanes;   Hospital Moinhos de Vento;   Brazilian Research In Intensive Care Network;   Brazilian Clinical Research Institute<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy and Safety of Tofacitinib in Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: Tofacitinib<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Improvement of the Nutritional Status Regarding Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) and the Disease Course of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Dietary Supplement: Nicotinamide;   Dietary Supplement: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of the Coronavac Vaccine Against COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: Adsorbed COVID-19 (inactivated) Vaccine<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   D’Or Institute for Research and Education;   Butantan Institute<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Treatment Cascade Optimization Study</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19 Testing<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Behavioral: Navigation Services;   Behavioral: Critical Dialogue;   Behavioral: Brief Counseling;   Behavioral: Referral and Digital Brochure<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign;   North Jersey Community Research Initiative;   National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD);   University of Michigan<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Therapy</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   SARS-CoV-2 Infection;   COVID-19 Infection<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: Convalescent plasma<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Angelica Samudio;   Consejo Nacional de Ciencias y Tecnología, Paraguay;   Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social, Paraguay;   Centro de información y recursos para el desarrollo, Paraguay<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Adoptive SARS-CoV-2 Specific T Cell Transfer in Patients at Risk for Severe COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Moderate COVID-19-infection<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: IMP 1,000 plus SoC;   Drug: IMP 5,000 plus SoC;   Drug: IMP RP2D plus SoC;   Drug: SoC<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Universitätsklinikum Köln;   ZKS Köln;   MMH Institute for Transfusion Medicine;   Miltenyi Biomedicine GmbH<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Safety and Immunogenicity Study of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (Vero Cells) in Healthy Population Aged 18 Years and Above(COVID-19)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: medium dosage inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine;   Biological: high dosage inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine;   Biological: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Beijing Minhai Biotechnology Co., Ltd;   Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products Co., LTD;   Jiangsu Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate Safety and Immunogenicity of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (Vero Cells) in Healthy Population Aged 18 Years and Above(COVID-19)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Biological: medium dosage inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine;   Biological: high dosage inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine;   Biological: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Beijing Minhai Biotechnology Co., Ltd;   Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products Co., LTD;   Jiangsu Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety &amp; Efficacy of Low Dose Aspirin / Ivermectin Combination Therapy for Treatment of Covid-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Drug: 3-dayIVM 200 mcg/kg/day/14-day 75mgASA/day + standard of care (intervention 1)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>:   Makerere University;   Ministry of Health, Uganda;   Mbarara University of Science and Technology;   Joint Clinical Research Center<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>An Effectiveness Study of the Sinovac’s Adsorbed COVID-19 (Inactivated) Vaccine</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Biological: Adsorbed COVID-19 (Inactivated) Vaccine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Butantan Institute<br/><b>Enrolling by invitation</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Safety and Efficacy of FB2001 in Healthy Subjects and Patients With COVID-19 Infection</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>:   Drug: FB2001;   Drug: FB2001 Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Frontier Biotechnologies Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study of the Kinetics of COVID-19 Antibodies for 24 Months in Patients With Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>:   Covid19;   SARS-CoV 2<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Other: Sampling by venipuncture<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Centre Hospitalier Régional d’Orléans<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effect of Prone Position onV/Q Matching in Non-intubated Patients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>:   Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>:   Other: prone position<br/><b>Sponsor</b>:   Southeast University, China<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Autophagosome maturation stymied by SARS-CoV-2</strong> - Many pathogens are capable of disrupting autophagy within host cells. In this issue of Developmental Cell, Miao et al. discover that the SARS-CoV-2 protein ORF3a inhibits autophagosome-lysosome fusion by dysregulating the HOPS complex.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Applying the CiPA Approach to Evaluate Cardiac Proarrhythmia Risk of some Antimalarials Used Off-label in the First Wave of COVID-19</strong> - We applied a set of in silico and in vitro assays, compliant with the CiPA (Comprehensive In Vitro Proarrhythmia Assay) paradigm, to assess the risk of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine-mediated QT prolongation and Torsades de Pointes (TdP), alone and combined with erythromycin and azithromycin, drugs repurposed during the first wave of COVID-19. Each drug or drug combination was tested in patch clamp assays on 7 cardiac ion channels, in in silico models of human ventricular electrophysiology…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Tetracycline as an inhibitor to the SARS-CoV-2</strong> - The coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains an extant threat against public health on a global scale. Cell infection begins when the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 binds with the human cell receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Here, we address the role of tetracycline as an inhibitor for the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein. Targeted molecular investigation show that tetracycline binds more favorably to the RBD (-9.40 kcal/mol)…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Probing the SAM Binding Site of SARS-CoV-2 nsp14 in vitro Using SAM Competitive Inhibitors Guides Developing Selective bi-substrate Inhibitors</strong> - The COVID-19 pandemic has clearly brought the healthcare systems world-wide to a breaking point along with devastating socioeconomic consequences. The SARS-CoV-2 virus which causes the disease uses RNA capping to evade the human immune system. Non-structural protein (nsp) 14 is one of the 16 nsps in SARS-CoV-2 and catalyzes the methylation of the viral RNA at N7-guanosine in the cap formation process. To discover small molecule inhibitors of nsp14 methyltransferase (MT) activity, we developed…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antibody affinity maturation and plasma IgA associate with clinical outcome in hospitalized COVID-19 patients</strong> - Hospitalized COVID-19 patients often present with a large spectrum of clinical symptoms. There is a critical need to better understand the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 that lead to either resolution or exacerbation of the clinical disease. Here, we examine longitudinal plasma samples from hospitalized COVID-19 patients with differential clinical outcome. We perform immune-repertoire analysis including cytokine, hACE2-receptor inhibition, neutralization titers, antibody epitope repertoire,…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Therapeutic potential of C1632 by inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication and viral-induced inflammation through upregulating let-7</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Potential therapeutic road for targeting the SARS-CoV-2 at throat</strong> - CONCLUSION: In view of the fact that the mouth and nose have higher number of ACE2 expressed cells, they serve as a gateway for the virus to enter. Thus, blocking the gate could be a good choice to reduce or even prevent the transmission. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are double-stranded RNA molecules and could be designed easily and directed against many strains of a virus. Due to their features, siRNAs can provide a potential strategy to interfere with the replication of viral diseases. We…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using gum Arabic: Evaluation of its inhibitory action on Streptococcus mutans causing dental caries and endocarditis</strong> - CONCLUSION: The potent antibiotic action over S. mutans seen with the synthesized NPs, paves the way for the development of novel dental care products. Also, the small-sized NPs promote its applicability in COVID-19 pandemic containment.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>In silico identification of available drugs targeting cell surface BiP to disrupt SARS-CoV-2 binding and replication: Drug repurposing approach</strong> - AIMS: Cell surface binding immunoglobin protein (csBiP) is predicted to be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 binding. With a substrate-binding domain (SBD) that binds to polypeptides and a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) that can initiate extrinsic caspase-dependent apoptosis, csBiP may be a promising therapeutic target for COVID-19. This study aims to identify FDA-approved drugs that can neutralize viral binding and prevent viral replication by targeting the functional domains of csBiP.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Selective targeting of the inactive state of hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck) with a stable curcumin derivative</strong> - Hck, a Src family non-receptor tyrosine kinase (SFK), has recently been established as an attractive pharmacological target to improve pulmonary function in COVID-19 patients. Hck inhibitors are also well known for their regulatory role in various malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Curcumin has been previously identified as an excellent DYRK-2 inhibitor, but curcumin’s fate is tainted by its instability in the cellular environment. Besides, small molecules targeting the inactive states of a…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>DNA Nanostructures in the Fight Against Infectious Diseases</strong> - Throughout history, humanity has been threatened by countless epidemic and pandemic outbreaks of infectious diseases, from the Justinianic Plague to the Spanish flu to COVID-19. While numerous antimicrobial and antiviral drugs have been developed over the last 200 years to face these threats, the globalized and highly connected world of the 21st century demands for an ever-increasing efficiency in the detection and treatment of infectious diseases. Consequently, the rapidly evolving field of…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antibacterial and Antiviral Functional Materials: Chemistry and Biological Activity toward Tackling COVID-19-like Pandemics</strong> - The ongoing worldwide pandemic due to COVID-19 has created awareness toward ensuring best practices to avoid the spread of microorganisms. In this regard, the research on creating a surface which destroys or inhibits the adherence of microbial/viral entities has gained renewed interest. Although many research reports are available on the antibacterial materials or coatings, there is a relatively small amount of data available on the use of antiviral materials. However, with more research geared…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Nanotechnology: an emerging approach to combat COVID-19</strong> - The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has challenged the survival of human existence in the last 1 year. Frontline healthcare professionals were struggling in combating the pandemic situation and were continuously supported with literature, skill set, research activities, and technologies developed by various scientists/researchers all over the world. To handle the continuously mutating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) requires amalgamation of…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Stapled ACE2 peptidomimetics designed to target the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein do not prevent virus internalization</strong> - COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Virus cell entry is mediated through a protein-protein interaction (PPI) between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). A series of stapled peptide ACE2 peptidomimetics based on the ACE2 interaction motif were designed to bind the coronavirus S-protein RBD and inhibit binding to the human ACE2 receptor. The peptidomimetics were assessed for antiviral…</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Perspectives of Biomarkers based Electrochemical Immunosensors, Artificial intelligence and the Internet of Medical Things towards COVID-19 Diagnosis and Management</strong> - The WHO has declared the COVID-19 an international health emergency due to the severity of infection progression which become more severe due to its continuous spread globally and the unavailability of appropriate therapy and diagnostics systems. Thus, there is a need for efficient devices to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection at an early stage. Nowadays, the RT-PCR technique is being applied for detecting this virus around the globe; however, factors such as stringent expertise, long diagnostic times,…</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-COV-2 BINDING PROTEINS</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU318004130">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Compositions and methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU317343760">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>稳定的冠状病毒重组蛋白二聚体及其表达载体</strong> - 本发明公开了稳定的冠状病毒重组蛋白二聚体及其表达载体，冠状病毒重组蛋白，由冠状病毒S蛋白S‑RBD、冠状病毒N蛋白的CTD区N‑CTD和将二者偶联的连接子构成。本发明一些实例的冠状病毒重组蛋白，可以形成并维持稳定的二聚体结构，避免单体S‑RBD降解，有利于提高冠状病毒重组蛋白的免疫原性，有望用于制备检测试剂原料、疫苗、抗体、预防或治疗性药物。本发明一些实例的冠状病毒重组蛋白二聚体，具有很好的免疫原性。在疫苗开发领域具有广阔的应用前景。本发明一些实例的表达载体，易于表达冠状病毒重组蛋白二聚体且表达量高。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN318107321">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SELF-CLEANING AND GERM-KILLING REVOLVING PUBLIC TOILET FOR COVID 19</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU318003558">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Deep Learning Based System for the Detection of COVID-19 Infections</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU318003547">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>新冠病毒疫苗表达抗原蛋白的电化学发光免疫检测试剂盒</strong> - 本发明提供一种新冠病毒疫苗表达抗原蛋白的电化学发光免疫检测试剂盒，所述试剂盒至少包含：包被有链霉亲和素的孔板、生物素标记的抗新冠棘突蛋白抗体1、SULFO标记的抗新冠棘突蛋白抗体2、洗涤液、读数液、新冠病毒S蛋白标准品和新冠病毒RBD蛋白标准品。本发明以生物素标记的抗新冠棘突蛋白的抗体1与链霉亲和素板进行连接作为固定相，以新冠S蛋白、RBD蛋白作为参照品，可被SULFO标记的抗体2识别，从而检测新冠抗原的表达情况。该试剂盒能准确灵敏地定量检测不同基质中的新冠S蛋白、RBD蛋白，样品的前处理过程简单，耗时少，可同时检测大量样品。本发明对于大批量样品的新冠病毒疫苗表达抗原的检测具有重要意义。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN317672956">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>陶瓷复合涂料、杀毒陶瓷复合涂料及其制备方法和涂层</strong> - 本发明是关于一种陶瓷复合涂料、杀毒陶瓷复合涂料及其制备方法和涂层。该涂料包括30<sub>99.9%无机树脂、0.1</sub>70%氮化硅、0<sub>10%功能助剂、0</sub>18%无机颜料和0<sub>2%其他功能助剂；无机树脂由有机烷氧基硅烷、有机溶剂和硅溶胶混合、反应，抽醇，添加去离子水获得；有机烷氧基硅烷、有机溶剂和硅溶胶的质量比为1</sub>1.6：0.5~0.8：1。所要解决的技术问题是如何制备一种贮存稳定性好、可常温固化且膜层的物理化学性能优异的涂料；该涂料VOC含量低，具有良好的安全生产性，且涂料成膜过程中的VOC排放很低，利于环保；该膜层的硬度高、柔韧性好，不易开裂，且可以接触性杀灭病毒和细菌；该涂料既可常温固化，也可加热固化，无需现场两个剂型调配，施工方便，成本节约，从而更加适于实用。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN317672744">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 antibodies</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU315792577">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>利用BLI技术检测新型冠状病毒中和性抗体的方法</strong> - 本发明提供一种利用BLI技术检测新型冠状病毒中和性抗体的方法，先将同一浓度的人ACE2蛋白捕获到生物传感器表面上，再将新型冠状病毒棘突蛋白RBD分别与不同浓度的待测中和性抗体预混，再将各混合液分别与捕获到生物传感器表面上的人ACE2蛋白接触，根据基于BLI技术的分子互作仪器检测到的干涉光谱的相对位移强度变化计算抑制率，绘制抑制曲线，计算IC50。本发明操作简单，快速高效，检测全过程无需包被和反复加样、洗板，15min内即可得到实验结果。检测反应在黑色孔板中进行，可实现大批量样品的新冠中和抗体的检测，与传统定性检测不同，通过计算IC50值，可以快速比较不同新冠中和性抗体的抑制能力。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN317346970">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 antibodies</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU315792579">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="daily-dose">Daily-Dose</h1>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-vox">From Vox</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</a></li>
<li><a href="#from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-new-yorker">From New Yorker</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Republicans Finally Face Merrick Garland—and Act as if They Were the Ones Unfairly Treated</strong> - Ted Cruz’s arrogance is hard to match, but he was not the only Republican whose questioning was, to put it generously, lacking in perspective. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-republicans-finally-face-merrick-garland-and-act-as-if-they-were-the-ones-unfairly-treated">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Awful Uncertainty of the Coronavirus Death Toll</strong> - The new number—half a million Americans dead—is only an approximation of the pandemic’s real effects. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/science/elements/the-awful-uncertainty-of-the-coronavirus-death-toll">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Rural Alaskan Towns Leading the Country in Vaccine Distribution</strong> - In Native communities where tribal health organizations are in charge of distributing the vaccine, herd immunity is on the horizon. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/the-rural-alaskan-towns-leading-the-country-in-vaccine-distribution">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Will Biden’s Iran Diplomacy Become a Shakespearean Tragedy?</strong> - In principle, the U.S. is again committed to inclusive international diplomacy. In practice, Trump so rattled the global order that the damage endures after he has gone. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/will-bidens-iran-diplomacy-become-a-shakespearean-tragedy">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Whole Foods C.E.O. John Mackey’s “Conscious Capitalism”</strong> - Mackey discusses his book “Conscious Leadership,” the labor issues that arose at Whole Foods during the pandemic, his business philosophy, and running a company as part of Amazon. - <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/whole-foods-ceo-john-mackeys-conscious-capitalism">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-vox">From Vox</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>The future of QAnon, explained by 8 experts</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/_QZ4FK16gP7ji68FE60Gf9cHFoc=/30x0:2697x2000/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68866621/q_005.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Trump supporter Jake Angeli is seen at the Capital riots on January 6. | Brent Stirton/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
QAnon’s prophecies failed to come true. Here’s why the conspiracy theory will persist anyway.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="UhXBLI">
If you’re a hardcore <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/8/1/17253444/qanon-trump-conspiracy-theory-4chan-explainer">QAnon believer</a>, you had high hopes for January.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3eA5l6">
Among other things, you expected Donald Trump to remain president. You expected mass arrests and public executions. You expected an underground cabal of child-trafficking Democrats to finally be captured.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wvHU9E">
None of those things happened.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3H4z2c">
Instead, Joe Biden was sworn in as the 46th president of the United States. So if you’re one of those people — perhaps millions — who were deeply invested in the various QAnon conspiracy theories, the past few weeks likely produced an immense amount of dissonance.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gU1dml">
But for the most die-hard QAnon followers, hope springs eternal! The next big prophecy is supposed to unfold <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/trumps-dc-hotel-hiking-rates-qanon-think-sworn-march-4-2021-2">on March 4</a>, which had been Inauguration Day before the ratification of the 20th Amendment in 1933 — and the day Trump will gloriously return to power and retake the White House, according to the febrile imaginings of the QAnon movement.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/CYJXtSWUOKZVLFFmdWldJAfCFSQ=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22321373/q_002.jpg"/> <cite>Logan Cyrus/Bloomberg via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
A Trump supporter holds a QAnon flag before a campaign rally in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, on September 8, 2020.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dF0k77">
All of which is to say, QAnon is still with us, and may be with us for a while. <a href="https://www.vox.com/2019/4/11/18291061/trump-ukraine-barr-whistleblower-investigation">Conspiracy theories</a> are powerful precisely because they’re so flexible. They never have to cohere; they just have to explain what seems otherwise inexplicable and, above all, offer the believer a sense of direction in a complicated world.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="cxLWDN">
With that in mind, it’s worth asking what might become of the QAnon movement. Assuming March 4 doesn’t go as expected, where do the followers of Q turn next?<strong> </strong>And what does it mean for our politics moving forward if QAnon shape-shifts into an even more nebulous cult?
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="4Gyu3y">
To get some answers, I reached out to eight journalists and researchers who’ve covered the conspiracy beat over the past four years or so. Their responses, edited for clarity and length, are below.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YNwHNx">
There wasn’t a perfect consensus, but a couple of themes emerged. One, the way to think about QAnon is that it’s less a political movement than a religion. Two, that is precisely why QAnon will keep going even as its prophecies fail to materialize. Everyone agreed that QAnon will likely persist as a major factor in American politics.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="umAIqa">
If these experts are<strong> </strong>right, and I suspect they are, the problems driving the QAnon movement will probably get worse before they get better, if they get better at all.
</p>
<h3 id="O64pCL">
It’s a religion — and religions have staying power
</h3>
<h4 id="wk5eDK">
Andrew Marantz, staff writer, the New Yorker
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="zknVBk">
In late April 2011, while walking through Times Square, I stumbled on a group of Christians who were holding a rally to warn about the coming apocalypse. They were followers of the radio evangelist Harold Camping, and they believed not that the end was nigh in some general sense but that it was extremely, specifically nigh: that Jesus would return on May 11, which was then about two weeks away.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NTzgwE">
I asked one of the rallygoers, a firefighter named Jeff who lived on Long Island, how he planned to spend that day. He had no specific plans. Somehow, he agreed to let me spend the afternoon and evening at his house, observing up close what it looks like <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When_Prophecy_Fails">when prophecy fails</a>. By the time I left Long Island on the uneventful night of the 11th, Jeff had <a href="https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2011/05/rapture.html">convinced himself</a> that the world-ending earthquakes were late, but that they would arrive by morning. His wife, who took me aside for a desperate whispered chat, was less convinced.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5tTxHU">
I haven’t spoken to Jeff since the non-rapture. Maybe he woke up chastened on the morning of May 12 — even while I was with him, friends were already sending him mocking texts — and stayed away from DIY prophecy. Or maybe he kept exploring, swinging from apocalyptic theory to apocalyptic theory like vines leading farther into a forest, until he found his way to Pizzagate and <a href="https://www.vox.com/technology/2018/12/12/18136132/google-youtube-congress-conspiracy-theories">Frazzledrip</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Vy2ruy">
Research suggests that some people are unusually <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/09/180925075108.htm">predisposed</a> to accept implausible conspiratorial beliefs, and that those people may <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1948550611434786">accept multiple</a> such beliefs at once, even when the beliefs are brazenly contradictory. In any case, the glaring failure of a prophecy is almost never enough to make the prophecy go away. In late May 2011, Harold Camping made a new announcement: He had miscalculated. The rapture would actually arrive in October.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/_QQryV2iDp1eELfbEAABcqvPheo=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22321374/q_001.jpg"/> <cite>Stephen Maturen/Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
A Trump supporter holds a sign referencing the QAnon during a rally held outside the governor’s mansion in St. Paul, Minnesota, on November 7, 2020.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h4 id="GhedCn">
Jane Coaston, host of <em>The Argument</em>, New York Times
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="5f5jYW">
Many observers of the movement have compared QAnon’s failings — the myriad predictions that did not come to pass, including the very predictions of ultimate Trumpian victory that served as the foundation of the conspiracy theory — to the 1844 “Great Disappointment.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="aDpCyy">
During a time of significant religious upheaval in the United States, Baptist minister William Miller predicted that the world would come to an end on March 21, 1844. When Jesus Christ did not return to earth on that date, Miller revised his prediction, saying that the Second Coming would instead take place on April 18, 1844.
</p>
<div class="c-float-right c-float-hang">
<aside id="AsMKiJ">
<q>“Once you’ve started seeing the world as a massive, interconnected conspiracy orchestrated by bloodthirsty elites, it’s very hard to stop”</q>
</aside>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="D2Mokl">
When Christ did not make his return on that date, Miller apologized for the error, but another Millerite preacher, Samuel Snow, declared that Christ would return on the “tenth day of the seventh month of the present year,” and, using the calendar of a Jewish sect he believed to be more accurate than our own, said that that date would be October 22, 1844.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HtbVGp">
Clearly, the world did not end on October 22, 1844. But neither, surprisingly, did the Millerites. Instead, they broke into factions <strong>—</strong> the most famous of which, the Seventh-Day Adventist Church, came to believe that October 22 did not mark the second coming but rather an event that took place in heaven.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ABLZd4">
Failed predictions will not doom QAnon, as it did not doom the Millerites, because QAnon could perhaps be best understood as a religious movement of sorts that places faith above accuracy, and believes in, above everything else, a final judgment for sinners where, to loosely quote Philippians 2:10-11, every knee shall bend and every tongue shall confess. It’s just that to QAnon, “sinners” are “all Democrats, and most celebrities” and the tongues of all would be confessing that Donald Trump has defeated ultimate evil.
</p>
<h4 id="qRKF6X">
Adrienne LaFrance, executive editor, the Atlantic
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pHCIbM">
One of the weirder things I discovered <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2020/06/qanon-nothing-can-stop-what-is-coming/610567/">when I began reporting</a> about QAnon is that the true believers don’t care who Q is. Naturally, I wanted to know who was behind the hoax. But to the QAnon devout, Q’s identity simply did not matter. This observation was key to my realization that the QAnon movement doesn’t behave merely like a pro-Trump conspiracy theory but instead like a baby religion, born on the social web and spread by Q’s acolytes to extremists who feel the movement’s anti-establishment message in their bones.
</p>
<h4 id="fJvU40">
Jared Holt, Visiting Research Fellow at DFRLab
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="CkpKhy">
The QAnon movement is no stranger to failed prophecy. It is not a logical or rational movement, and it can’t be simply debunked or cast aside. There are some QAnon believers who are likely to maintain their faith in the distorted reality for the rest of their lives.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ImStqe">
When forecasts that Trump would somehow retake office before or during inauguration failed to materialize, though it shook the faith of a significant portion of believers, it did not end the broader movement. Within the QAnon movement exists a well-practiced ecosystem that reflexively shifted the goalposts to keep followers engaged. Some claimed that their predictions had come true despite appearing not to, and others pushed the deadline for their prediction back a handful of weeks.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/yQfrfGBkkwPKa2QTTd8D78mdGEM=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22321375/q_003.jpg"/> <cite>Saul Loeb/AFP via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
A man wearing a QAnon sweatshirt is confronted by US Capitol Police after storming the building on January 6.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h4 id="jzuaq6">
Travis View, co-host, <em>QAnon Anonymous</em> podcast
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="tHxrqN">
QAnon followers have been mostly purged from mainstream social media platforms following the January 6 insurrection. While this has hurt their proselytization and propaganda efforts, it has also enhanced their self-image as persecuted renegades.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="XVzw10">
A minority of less tech-savvy or less committed QAnon followers have given up on the movement, but the true believers are doubling down on alternate platforms such as Gab or Telegram. They continue to “trust the plan” and will likely do so for the rest of their lives. They’re now committed to the cause because of the community, the sense of mission, and the time and sacrifice they have already invested.
</p>
<h3 id="e1xiqP">
Where QAnon goes from here
</h3>
<h4 id="RUFzXE">
Charlie Warzel, opinion writer at large, New York Times
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3l71qq">
The short answer is that I don’t know where QAnon goes from here, but I do not see it going away. My big fear, though, is that it becomes a political abstraction as it veers out of the fever swamps and is a subject of more mainstream reporting, fascination, and punditry.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JAC0cj">
That’s a real concern because I think if QAnon becomes some kind of vague shorthand for “right-wing loons,” it has two pretty negative effects.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QvuHwP">
First, it flattens and obscures what QAnon really is and that is, as<strong> </strong>Ben Collins [reporter for NBC News] has rather eloquently put it, “a political movement based on the imminent, public executions of political enemies.”
</p>
<div class="c-float-left c-float-hang">
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/VPthIGv3TpO0SSbQzcKSFLAnLEc=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22321391/q_004.jpg"/> <cite>Alex Halada/AFP via Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
A demonstrator holds a QAnon flag and a poster reading “Freedom” during a protest against coronavirus restrictions in Vienna, Austria, on January 16.
</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Sz4eeK">
Second, it has the potential to mainstream the belief even more. It’s one reason why I think Democratic lawmakers need to be very careful about their framing of the GOP as the “QAnon party.” Because while I understand and even agree that the GOP has to be held to account on their embrace of this movement, I also think it could drive the party deeper into the arms of its furthest-right fringe.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="lJfFlI">
Basically, our political leaders really underestimate just how much a huge portion of the country values the ability to piss off liberals. And how much those who love to see elites angry/uncomfortable/upset are willing to excuse the people who can deliver on “triggering the libs.” <a href="https://www.vox.com/22254103/marjorie-taylor-greene-david-hogg-obama-hillary-facebook-posts">Marjorie Taylor Greene</a> is a perfect example of this type of person. She is a particular brand of politician who feeds off outrage and uses it to acquire political power. For that reason, I think trying to make her the face of the GOP could absolutely backfire.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Kxa44V">
It’s important to note, though, that there is absolutely no good, satisfactory answer here. And that is because one of our two political parties has openly embraced and tolerated a movement whose hallmark is hostility toward democracy. Whatever happens in the short term, this is likely to be the longer-term legacy of QAnon: a process of radicalization against the democratic process, underwritten by increasingly dangerous and absurd conspiratorial fictions.
</p>
<h4 id="LZorqc">
Jane Coaston
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="kPuhvD">
The point of QAnon is not just that Hillary Clinton is already in prison at Guantanamo Bay or that Nancy Pelosi eats children. The point of QAnon is that there will be a point of reckoning in which evil will be punished and good will be rewarded. QAnon offers purpose, direction, mooring in a world that seems threatening, and offers insider knowledge of a “Plan,” one that remains clear no matter what actually takes place in real life. Donald Trump will somehow be president again, or already is president, forever and always, amen.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="KwjOAm">
QAnon will change, and likely decrease in popularity but remain critical to the lived experiences of those who remain steadfast. Like the Millerites, Qanon will not be defeated by being wrong. Faith doesn’t work that way.
</p>
<h4 id="BS9LEC">
Hilary Sargent, freelance journalist and researcher
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yG9nHY">
Despite the fact that the so-called inside knowledge shared by Q has proven false, time and time and time again, the number of QAnon believers has grown exponentially since its inception. I don’t think there’s any reason to think that won’t continue. QAnon believers are a captive audience, and a vulnerable one.
</p>
<div class="c-float-right c-float-hang">
<aside id="50KY2Y">
<q>“Like the Millerites, Qanon will not be defeated by being wrong. Faith doesn’t work that way.”</q>
</aside>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9h97Nk">
I don’t think anyone can say with confidence what will happen in the next year — or the next week — but it’s safe to assume that bad actors (including those openly encouraging acts of violence) will continue to take advantage of the faith QAnon believers have and are clinging to.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="yHO4X9">
I wish I could say that we will see the movement’s members begin to realize they are being toyed with, but I think that’s unlikely on a widespread scale anytime soon. As the major social media platforms crack down on QAnon content, violent extremists are actively working to radicalize QAnon believers for their own purposes. The extent to which this will be successful on a wide scale remains to be seen, but the risks posed by QAnon believers being radicalized and weaponized on even a tiny scale are significant.
</p>
<h4 id="cc3xhg">
Adrienne LaFrance
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="fWroyz">
Just as elements of ancient anti-Semitic doomsaying belief systems were recycled into Pizzagate and eventually into QAnon, the QAnon narrative is already evolving and adapting to the current moment.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8qOioU">
The Q worldview isn’t just highly tolerant of contradictions; it’s reality-proof. Which is another way of saying QAnon is not going anywhere. It will morph, and may even eventually go by a different name, but for as long as the major political fault lines in this nation are drawn between elites and populists, QAnon — or whatever it warps into — will be with us.
</p>
<h4 id="r3CVfd">
Travis View
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="0otBnt">
Some QAnon followers may be recruited by or blend with more militant extremist movements. We can already see this in how they borrowed arguments from the sovereign citizen movement in order to absurdly claim that Trump’s <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/trumps-dc-hotel-hiking-rates-qanon-think-sworn-march-4-2021-2">true inauguration date will be March 4</a>. Some extremism researchers have also observed <a href="https://twitter.com/_MAArgentino/status/1352082871830384642">neo-Nazis organizing social media “raids”</a> that are part of an effort to recruit disaffected QAnon followers. If these efforts are successful, then the domestic extremism problem in the United States will only become more dangerous.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="c5LBuO">
That, combined with the fact that QAnon followers have grabbed a foothold of real power in the form of Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene (GA), a <a href="https://twitter.com/AlKapDC/status/1330564468779196420">handful of state legislators</a>, and at least <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-02-05/how-qanon-seized-a-small-town-in-washington-state">one mayor</a>, make me convinced that QAnon, or some form of it, is now a permanent part of the American political landscape.
</p>
<h4 id="Mpms6Z">
Jared Holt
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="copuw4">
In its current form, QAnon exists as a decentralized catchall for conspiracy theories alleging nefarious actions are being conducted in the upper echelons of world power. Even if Q posts and Trump gradually take a backseat role in the movement, many of the tagalong theories — on topics including 5G, vaccines, and alternative medicine — will produce significant risks to the public.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/jT757_BmeinL1Oyxe0NTbNRuwz4=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22321385/q_009.jpg"/> <cite>Robert Nickelsberg/Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Supporters of QAnon gather outside the US Capitol for Trump’s “Stop the Steal” rally on January 6.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h4 id="TTSBKv">
Kevin Roose, tech reporter, New York Times
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jgi4AD">
I may be tempting fate here, but I think that QAnon, as it was originally constituted, may be almost over. Without Trump in office or on Twitter, and with no new posts from Q in months, the community is basically running on fumes. It’s always conceivable that Q could come back, or that some new development could jolt believers back to their keyboards. But I don’t think random tweets from Lin Wood and the MyPillow guy are going to be enough to keep them hopeful and engaged. They’re pretty dispirited.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YQGAfK">
But even if QAnon dies, I fully expect that many of its core beliefs will get watered down a bit, stripped of the Q-related language, and dissolved into Republican Party orthodoxy. I wouldn’t be surprised if there is some kind of a “Patriot Party” made up of ex-QAnon believers and MAGA dead-enders that forms ahead of the 2022 midterms, and I wouldn’t be shocked if that cohort pushed the entire Republican Party in a more conspiracy-minded, reality-denying direction. By 2024, Marjorie Taylor Greene may look like a moderate.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/Fs385PNxKk6W0v-U1IYUHXXwL78=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22321395/q_006.jpg"/> <cite>Drew Angerer/Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene (R-GA) is a first-term representative who has supported the QAnon conspiracy theory.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="E2Kvpz">
I also think the QAnon epistemology — the idea that every official narrative and mainstream institution is inherently suspect, and that real knowledge is produced by like-minded strangers working together on the internet to “do their own research” — is likely to become a more or less permanent feature of American life, regardless of what happens to QAnon itself. Once you’ve started seeing the world as a massive, interconnected conspiracy orchestrated by bloodthirsty elites, it’s very hard to stop.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="JeNGrW">
From now on, every time there is a natural disaster or a political protest or a Hollywood awards show, there may be millions of people squinting at their screens, looking for clues about who’s pulling the strings.
</p></li>
<li><strong>The scientist who’s been right about Covid-19 vaccines predicts what’s next</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/bJedEoo7f8I1uiQz2z7ZydDUteA=/0x0:2667x2000/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68866372/AP_21053081221704.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Nurse manager Sue McGrady receives the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine in Sydney, Australia, on February 22. | Toby Zerna/AP
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Hilda Bastian on the most important pandemic vaccine in the pipeline and why we’re on track for annual booster shots.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YTpwsb">
When <a href="http://hildabastian.net/">Hilda Bastian</a> and I first caught up over Skype to talk about Covid-19 vaccines last autumn, she showed me the boxes and unfinished rooms in her new home in Victoria, Australia. She’d been so busy tracking the global vaccine effort, she hadn’t had time to settle in.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nMlyPm">
Bastian — an expert in analyzing clinical trial data, founding member of the Cochrane Collaboration, and a former <a href="https://news.nnlm.gov/mar-newsletter/2013/11/what-is-pubmed-health-and-why-would-i-ever-use-it/">National Institutes of Health</a> official — has gone down rabbit holes before. There was the time she traveled the US on her own dime to research and take historical photos for a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_African-American_mathematicians">Wikipedia list</a> of African American mathematicians.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9wDapB">
But her obsession with vaccines in this pandemic has been especially fruitful: She’s called the race right at just about every turn.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-ML6qVX">
<a href="https://www.wired.com/story/covid-19-vaccines-with-minor-side-effects-could-still-be-pretty-bad/">Last July</a>, she warned that side effects for some Covid-19 vaccines may be <a href="https://www.vox.com/22158238/covid-19-vaccine-side-effects-explained">more severe</a> than we’re used to with other shots.<strong> </strong>At the time, she says, “I copped flak for it.” Also last July, when the AstraZeneca/Oxford vaccine was the focal point of media coverage, she <a href="https://absolutelymaybe.plos.org/2020/07/02/covid-19-vaccine-race-month-6-first-emergency-use-phase-3-trials-2/">praised the rigor of clinical trials for the Pfizer/BioNTech</a> vaccine — the first to receive emergency authorization use in the US — and said it was the one to watch.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-dt98sh">
On the AstraZeneca/Oxford vaccine, she was among the first to spot the inconsistencies and issues with the clinical trials <a href="https://absolutelymaybe.plos.org/2020/07/02/covid-19-vaccine-race-month-6-first-emergency-use-phase-3-trials-2/">back in June</a>. She also supported <a href="https://absolutelymaybe.plos.org/2020/08/13/vaccine-contrasts-massive-volunteer-mobilization-covid-19-vaccine-race-month-8/">emergency use authorization for Covid-19 vaccines</a> last August, when it was still controversial to do so.
</p>
<div class="c-float-right">
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/851IefgMiPehwdew3eiIyFGjP-4=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22323882/Hilda_Bastian_2016.jpg"/> <cite>Courtesy of Hilda Bastian</cite>
<figcaption>
Hilda Bastian has accurately predicted how the global race for the Covid-19 vaccine would play out.
</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-5Go9jH">
With all her foresight, Bastian has become something of a <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/23/business/media/how-zeynep-tufekci-keeps-getting-the-big-things-right.html">Zeynep Tufekci</a> on pandemic vaccines. Like the prescient computer programmer turned sociologist, Bastian — who does this work independently and without pay — has seen the state of play more clearly than many others. Her <a href="https://absolutelymaybe.plos.org/">blogs</a>, <a href="https://www.wired.com/author/hilda-bastian/">articles</a>, and <a href="https://twitter.com/hildabast">Twitter account</a> might also be the most comprehensive look at just about everything published on Covid-19 vaccines anywhere.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ftRG9m">
The Covid-19 vaccine project was born out of concern for her sons, one of whom is immunocompromised and at higher risk of coronavirus complications. “I wanted to do something useful, and I decided early on I thought that it was likely there would be vaccines,” Bastian told me recently.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="UY1Ay3">
But another motivation was frustration: The myopic focus in Western media on Europe’s and America’s vaccine development and rollout missed what was happening in most of the world — in countries like China, Russia, and Cuba, Bastian said. And so much of the coverage was “uncritical of vaccine developers’ marketing hype. … You couldn’t get an accurate perspective of what was going on, without putting a ton of time into it.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nt5Xdv">
Nearly a year into her project, I caught up with Bastian to ask where our blind spots are now and how she predicts the vaccine story — and the pandemic — will unfold. She talked about the need for health officials to acknowledge that coronavirus vaccines have potentially “big differences in efficacy and adverse events,” a time in the future when we may need Covid-19 vaccine boosters every year, and the problem of people in rich countries like the US shamelessly hogging vaccines. The transcript of our conversation has been edited for length and clarity.
</p>
<h3 id="gmail-tycAP0">
Covid-19 arrogance
</h3>
<h4 id="gmail-G2ZLzx">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-M8iMSc">
Early in the pandemic, you pointed out how multiple rich countries, especially in the West, were getting their pandemic responses wrong. They were not learning from our Asian-Pacific neighbors, especially when anti-virus measures didn’t fit our preconceived notions. One example is the <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/the-face-mask-debate-reveals-a-scientific-double-standard/">great mask debate of 2020</a>. What do you think was driving that inability to learn from the experience of Asian-Pacific countries?
</p>
<h4 id="gmail-gw1J2M">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-nfpGa3">
Somebody said that people in many rich countries have got used to thinking that they’ve conquered all infectious disease, and so there’s this hubris about that, and I think that we found that hubris was more profound than we realized. We felt far too safe, and there was really quite a great degree of arrogance in there.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-IJNWCS">
I [also] started to think, “This is just racism,” an old colonialist-thinking legacy, discounting Asian science and experience, and that’s a large part of what this whole theme is. Just that assumption that you are Americans or Europeans and know best over and over again. If this pandemic has taught us anything, it should be not to think that anymore, and, yet, people keep doing it.
</p>
<h4 id="gmail-8r2eBv">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-UEnzbk">
Where do you see that playing out now — the discounting of non-Western or lower-income countries and overestimating the wealthier, Western ones?
</p>
<h4 id="BenmVr">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-aib61e">
It’s happening with vaccines, especially thinking it’s all about the vaccines of a few big EuroAmerican multinationals galloping to the world’s rescue. One of the most fascinating stories is Cuba. I mean, there’s this really interesting juxtaposition between Cuba and Canada, ironically. In Canada [where the vaccine rollout has been slow] there’s a debate about why did they let <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-roots-of-canadas-covid-19-vaccine-shortage-go-back-decades-154792">their capacity to produce vaccines</a> dwindle away to next to nothing.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/AVCjDwO3QEW_PIVZfaCgMLR2jdg=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22323949/1230701127.jpg"/> <cite>Yamil Lage/AFP/Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Technician Yoel Hernandez shows a vaccine at the vaccine production facility of the Finlay Vaccine Institute in Havana, Cuba, on January 20.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-gRZa6d">
Cuba had the exact opposite. Cuba had to become self-sufficient at pretty well everything, and that included producing drugs and producing medical teams. Cuba now exports a lot of medical care to poorer countries. The first two of their vaccines are looking really quite good. The first one’s just <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-56069577">about to start its big phase 3 trial</a>, and they’ve got <a href="https://twitter.com/hildabast/status/1337532823780032512">three others</a> coming up behind.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-V4ksxH">
They’re going to have a massive amount more vaccine than they need. They’re not going to have any trouble vaccinating their population with home-grown vaccines in 2021. That just does not look remotely like it’s going to be a problem, and, then, they’re just going to be exporting masses and masses of vaccine.
</p>
<h3 id="gmail-anddie">
Vaccine hype
</h3>
<h4 id="gmail-4IDX8l">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-a4LWrG">
One vaccine group that there was a ton of hype around — and that has under-delivered — is Oxford/AstraZeneca. It was supposed to be the vaccine that saved poor countries, but now there are manufacturing problems, and <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/25/business/coronavirus-vaccine-astrazeneca-oxford.html">questions</a> about the quality of their clinical trial data, including whether the vaccine even works in the highest-risk groups, like people <a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n414">over 65</a>. You were, I think, first to point out the troubling signs in their clinical trials, <a href="https://absolutelymaybe.plos.org/2020/07/02/covid-19-vaccine-race-month-6-first-emergency-use-phase-3-trials-2/">back in June</a>, and then <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/the-astrazeneca-covid-vaccine-data-isnt-up-to-snuff/">followed the story</a> in detail. Where do you think that vaccine is going?
</p>
<h4 id="9FzRKQ">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-vVr3m9">
I wouldn’t be surprised if the situation got worse, though I hope it will get better. [They went] about their clinical trial program in such a problematic way. [They] overlapped the early phases of their trials too much. They didn’t do early phase tests in older people as a result, leaving us struggling now with the results in a way we don’t have to with other EuroAmerican vaccines.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="DCkYF9">
The publicly available details about the trial kept changing while it was in progress — and didn’t even say clearly what the dose was, for example.
</p>
<div class="c-float-right">
<aside id="GcHloz">
<q>Why on Earth did the UK’s health regulator greenlight these plans?</q>
</aside>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="f67o3a">
The really big question about that is why on earth did the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency [the UK’s health regulator] greenlight these plans? Maybe people ceased to be critical enough, and they went over a bit of a cliff.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="m8hnAX">
Whether it turns out to be a good vaccine or not, let’s leave that to one side. The clinical trials were, the European Medicines Agency [Europe’s drug regulator] concluded, <a href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/assessment-report/covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-epar-public-assessment-report_en.pdf">sub-optimal</a>. That shouldn’t happen. We’re lucky the [Food and Drug Administration] insisted on a large trial. We’ll hear the results soon.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/yOTZnI_blNB2DRdD5JXJArHxPhk=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22323945/1231237790.jpg"/> <cite>Mlungis Mbele/AFP/Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
A nurse gets a temperature check before receiving a dose of the Johnson &amp; Johnson vaccine at the Prince Mshiyeni Hospital in Umlazi, South Africa, on February 18.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h4 id="gmail-jMFOEP">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-xgt8FO">
We already saw <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2021/02/16/africa/south-africa-astrazeneca-johnson-and-johnson-vaccine-intl/index.html">South Africa halt distribution</a> of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine because of preliminary data suggesting it didn’t work as well against the variant that emerged there. If the vaccine doesn’t end up being widely distributed in low and middle-income countries, do you think that gap will be filled maybe by the Russian and Chinese vaccines?
</p>
<h4 id="HSDUcJ">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="EZAxPT">
[The Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine] is already being widely distributed. But China may already have supplied as much as 1 in 5 of the vaccines administered <a href="https://twitter.com/hildabast/status/1363247890403979264">globally</a>. And China and Russia are the ones who are there first with batches of vaccine in a lot of countries.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="8KhlB5">
The role that people were ascribing to AstraZeneca, I thought always was going to be Johnson &amp; Johnson because [they’re] a huge vaccine company. AstraZeneca is not really a vaccine company. The Johnson &amp; Johnson vaccine is a single dose. They were also doing trials that were seriously geared at international needs. They ran the biggest trial in the most countries, and that matters a lot to people from different ethnic groups.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="lRozMX">
Even though the actual doses are a bit more expensive [for Johnson &amp; Johnson’s vaccine], the cost of actually vaccinating people is enormously lower if you’ve only got to vaccinate everybody once. And Johnson &amp; Johnson also committed to affordable, nonprofit vaccine for the emergency. It’s going to depend a lot on how many doses actually get delivered in the end, and what happens with variants. Now it seems likely Novavax may be as big a supplier as well — possibly <a href="https://twitter.com/hildabast/status/1362559931782586369">more than half</a> of the WHO-provided supply.
</p>
<h4 id="gmail-CGXjAw">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-yf6VnY">
Another vaccine you put a lot of stock in from the start was the one developed by Pfizer/BioNTech — one that got relatively little attention in the US until the big finding of 95 percent efficacy last autumn. Why were you so impressed so early on?
</p>
<h4 id="SKIGSz">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oJzdpI">
That was because BioNTech was doing such thorough work early on — they were developing several versions, and testing them against each other in early trials. They didn’t have all their eggs in one basket. Then there was the partnership with Pfizer, which was going to give them an <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2020/08/24/pfizer-edge-in-the-race-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-could-be-a-scientist-with-two-best-sellers-to-her-credit/">important edge</a> in running a massive clinical trial in a pandemic. You had to have both those things — a good vaccine, and a good major trial.
</p>
<h4 id="s1dVJN">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="ZwIQpy">
Which vaccine group is the next Pfizer/BioNTech?
</p>
<h4 id="AF6riZ">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-NoDEeP">
Novavax is an important one to watch, if the results continue to be as good as their <a href="https://absolutelymaybe.plos.org/2021/01/31/variants-3-new-covid-vaccines-and-contested-efficacy-claims-a-month-of-seismic-shifts-and-confusion/#novavax">first ones</a>, which were similar to the mRNA vaccines. It’s a more traditional form of vaccine, so there’s more capacity to manufacture it.<strong> </strong>
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="xFIJY2">
There are others that could be important globally, like one <a href="https://twitter.com/hildabast/status/1363589163115712512">from Thailand</a> that will be cheap and both profit- and royalty-free for lower-income countries, and <a href="https://twitter.com/hildabast/status/1342308656784711680">another</a> that UNICEF is supporting that’s also aiming at preventing infection.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/vWOXPbwc_NZvClR7LM-Hhua1YxU=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22323967/1231344680.jpg"/> <cite>Leonardo Fernandez Viloria/Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
A health worker administers the Sputnik V vaccine to a colleague at a public hospital in Caracas, Venezuela, on February 23.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h4 id="gmail-riXlRq">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-8nK2iy">
Can we talk a little more about the Russian vaccine, Sputnik V: The data published in <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)00234-8/fulltext"><em>The</em> <em>Lancet</em></a> looked quite impressive taken at face value — but you weren’t convinced. Can you tell me why?
</p>
<h4 id="UQabTB">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-AgKF5H">
There wasn’t the kind of data about possible adverse reactions that have become <a href="https://absolutelymaybe.plos.org/2021/02/21/a-readers-guide-to-safety-adverse-event-data-from-vaccine-trials/">the scientific standard</a>, for example. Trial participants get asked to record a list of specific possible reactions in the first week — things like fever, fatigue, headaches. We know if you don’t do that systematically, you’ll end up with an underestimate and a too-rosy picture of a vaccine. Because they didn’t seem to do that, we’ll stay pretty much in the dark on how tolerable this vaccine is for a while. And there’s a lot that’s not transparent about this trial, because they played it close to the vest with critical details, like the protocol [or pre-established plan] of the trial.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-MRQGD0">
When we saw the report, we could see the age spread, and it was a pretty young group — about 90 percent were under 60, so that’s not where the greatest burden of suffering from this disease is. It was done in Moscow, so there’s little diversity — 99 percent of the participants were white, so that was stark, too. There are going to be more trials outside Russia, and that’s going to help get data we can more easily compare to other vaccines.
</p>
<div class="c-float-right">
<aside id="eZVlWi">
<q>We never grappled with what we’ve got, which is vaccines with potentially big differences in efficacy and adverse events</q>
</aside>
</div>
<h4 id="K36QOm">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-C4t9hp">
So I guess it’s pretty fair to say at this point: The vaccine rollout is shaping up to be quite different from what many of us expected.
</p>
<h4 id="URT0XN">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-wj4Y8u">
Yeah, we never really grappled with what we’ve got, which is, although some people don’t seem to want to face it head-on, vaccines with potentially big differences in efficacy and adverse events. So, what are the priorities, then, for the better vaccines versus the vaccines that have less protection and so on? The situation turned out to be far more complex than the experts prepared us for, I think. Communities have a lot of very tough calls to make, under very different levels of urgency.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-9CUdRO">
Most of the trials haven’t had enough severely ill people to give us a clear picture on how much the vaccines will prevent severe disease, and the differences there might not be as big as other differences. If you’re in a community that’s very vulnerable to major outbreaks, with a limited supply of vaccines, the differences between them are small compared to the risks to ourselves and our communities of being unvaccinated.
</p>
<h4 id="OVDiLK">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OUKSUz">
Doesn’t this raise questions about health officials who are telling the public all <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2021/02/17/the-myth-of-good-and-bad-covid-vaccines-why-false-perceptions-overlook-facts-and-could-breed-resentment/">vaccines are equal</a>?
</p>
<h4 id="sbnNiD">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="6VblP8">
Trying to convince people that the vaccines are all equal isn’t going to work. People are making claims that go beyond the solid data we have, and that’s a risky proposition. We’re going to see the differences in rates of adverse events, for example, pretty quickly for ourselves once we know lots of people getting vaccinated.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="WUGR2u">
Especially when the fear of major outbreaks subsides — prematurely — and we’re trying to get younger people to accept vaccination, adverse reactions are going to matter to people.
</p>
<figure class="e-image">
<img alt=" " src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/qLMeUm8Ky_a7LHYjryzXOX1F8Fg=/800x0/filters:no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22323975/1231336603.jpg"/> <cite>Paul Yeung/Getty Images</cite>
<figcaption>
Members of the Hong Kong Fire Services Department receive the Sinovac vaccine at a community vaccination center in Hong Kong, February 23.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h3 id="gmail-dNah8h">
“The story of the pandemic”
</h3>
<h4 id="gmail-LYdUkU">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-c56Da5">
Moving forward, what’s the big vaccine issue you’re going to be tracking?
</p>
<h4 id="i4Gntn">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="w41wK0">
It’s still early days for clinical trials, so I’ll be tracking those and new boosters against variants, as well as what happens in vaccinated communities. [I’m] also watching how the rich countries are cornering vaccines, and those <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/19/coronavirus-vaccine-diplomacy-west-falling-behind-russia-china-race-influence">advancing their geopolitics</a> to fill in the gaps — it’s actually quite a horrifying thing.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="uU22ys">
Very rarely do you see people from one of the rich countries expressing concern that their country may be fully vaccinated within a few months. I’m not utopian and that idealistic about it. It was never 100 percent going to happen that way [that the high priority groups in rich and poor countries got vaccinated at the same levels at the same time, per WHO advice], but I hoped at least for something roughly close, and I’m really quite shocked how comfortable people are with what’s happening.
</p>
<div class="c-float-right">
<aside id="tAjaJB">
<q>You can’t buy what’s already gone from the shelves</q>
</aside>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="y9NjQ4">
Some are promoting personal donations to WHO now for vaccines, which just underscores the lack of awareness that the problem is rich countries taking all the doses for ourselves. You can’t buy what’s already gone from the shelves. There are severe limits to what can be produced this year. Even with recent promises of more money for WHO from rich countries, 2021 looks pretty grim.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="acYEwH">
In a way, for me, that’s the story of the pandemic. We had too many people more concerned about their individual rights or about wearing masks or flying for a vacation, or complaining about the restrictions that they faced, than the consequences of those actions for people more vulnerable than themselves. Now, it’s playing out [with] vaccines, too.
</p>
<h4 id="gmail-uGgTYm">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-NfHhuf">
From a health perspective, why is hoarding so concerning?
</p>
<h4 id="jCKkKQ">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-bWNWdX">
We need to reduce the chances of the virus morphing into more dangerous variants — vaccines might not protect communities enough from new variants sweeping through. And many of the rich countries will have trouble getting enough people vaccinated anyway. The notion that there can be countries where there’s going to be 40-year-olds and 30-year-olds vaccinated while there are terrible outbreaks in other parts of the world, and even the health care practitioners are unprotected, isn’t okay on any level.
</p>
<h4 id="gmail-TlJVs0">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-4tOtJw">
Even rich countries, though, are having manufacturing and supply issues — like Canada, as you mentioned. Will the world be able to maintain a sustained production capacity for vaccines, or will it see spikes and drops for the next while?
</p>
<h4 id="FNWhMW">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-w16bi8">
It could settle down, particularly if some of the more traditional forms of vaccine, like the one from <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/health/novavax-covid-19-vaccine.html">Novavax</a>, make it into use and are popular and effective. Vaccines that can tap into more of the existing widespread technical capacity should help. And I guess there’ll be more movement from the big companies that don’t yet have a vaccine of their own.
</p>
<h3 id="gmail-SHOcVT">
How does this end?
</h3>
<h4 id="gmail-tzTOHF">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="oGcq3p">
Okay, so now we have multiple effective vaccines on the market, and more coming online soon. But we also have this emerging variant problem and questions about how to use the vaccines we’ve got. Do we know how this pandemic ends?
</p>
<h4 id="81KPtX">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-3Wuden">
No, I don’t think we [do]. I don’t think there’s been a pandemic quite like this because they were either that the thing went through and did its worst and left horrific death in its wake, or the smaller ones in more contained areas that are recent.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="wWAN1D">
But this thing on this scale, while there’s this level of antibody-based treatments out there, and vaccines of different efficacy, and all of this stuff that could play in the favor of variants, this situation has never existed before.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="UmlEMR">
I don’t think that the past tells us where this is going. [But] I believe the people who are saying that we appear to be on a course to eventually get to the point where we get vaccinated against this each year. The path to global eradication — through very high levels of vaccination with a high level of other suppression efforts — seems narrow. That could change, though, and I hope it does.
</p>
<div class="c-float-right">
<aside id="f30VZv">
<q>It’s going to depend how disabling long Covid turns out to be, and for how many people</q>
</aside>
</div>
<h4 id="gmail-PeDXXx">
Julia Belluz
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-WnGahW">
Do you have any predictions for long-lasting effects of the pandemic, how it changes society?
</p>
<h4 id="7jnDK1">
Hilda Bastian
</h4>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-UFqywx">
For me, one of the things that is a really huge unknown is what happens with <a href="https://www.vox.com/22166236/long-term-side-effects-covid-19-symptoms-heart-fatigue">long Covid</a>. When I lived in Germany, I was trying to understand why issues for people with disabilities were so much better in Germany than any place I’d ever spent time in, and on a scale that was really quite extraordinary.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="gmail-I6vjOg">
Then, I started to read about the history of the disability movement after World War I, that you had such a huge proportion of young men with major disabilities, whether it was sight, limbs missing — and to have such a massive proportion of your population suddenly with disabilities, changed societies. It happened again after World War II. So, I’m thinking about that again, now.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="I7XWy5">
To some extent, it’s going to depend on how disabling long Covid turns out to be, and for how many people? Are we looking at a really serious big wave of decades-long disability? Because if we are, that is a really profound, sudden change in societies.
</p>
<h3 id="gmail-uqQBXf">
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iZvvz0">
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="23jIYH">
</p></li>
<li><strong>Joe Manchin voted for controversial Trump nominees but is undecided on Biden’s</strong> -
<figure>
<img alt="" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/CuJiNtYJFznLQPHlPcbRXRsNnI0=/0x0:4000x3000/1310x983/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/68864611/1231122643.0.jpg"/>
<figcaption>
Senator Joe Manchin (D-WV) runs to the Senate floor for the fourth day of former US President Donald Trump’s impeachment trial before the Senate on Capitol Hill on February 12, 2021, in Washington, DC.  | Brendan Smialowski/AFP/Getty Images
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Manchin supported more Trump nominees than any other Democrat. Now, he could sink one of Biden’s.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="otx4U3">
Sen. Joe Manchin (D-WV) — the lawmaker who voted for more Trump nominees than any other Democrat — could sink at least one of Biden’s.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="Fafrp4">
Thus far, <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/2/22/22295201/neera-tanden-senate-confirmation-explained">Manchin has already expressed his opposition to Neera Tanden,</a> a nominee for the director role at the Office of Management and Budget, on the grounds that her previous social media posts targeting both Republicans and progressive Democrats were too polarizing.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="qNfk7z">
“I believe her overtly partisan statements will have a toxic and detrimental impact on the important working relationship between members of Congress and the next director of the Office of Management and Budget,” Manchin said in a statement, adding later that the decision wasn’t “personal.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="MEI3M3">
Manchin’s opposition matters because Biden nominees might end up needing every Democratic vote in the Senate, where the party has the barest 50-person majority, to be confirmed. His decision likely means that Tanden won’t make it through, especially since a growing list of moderate Republicans who might have saved her nomination have also said that they won’t support her.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="dfTToO">
Manchin is also undecided about the <a href="https://www.vox.com/22297585/deb-haaland-confirmation-hearing-interior-department">nomination of Rep. Deb Haaland (D-NM)</a> for Interior Secretary, and the nomination of former California Attorney General Xavier Becerra for Health and Human Services Secretary. Both have been prime Republican targets, given their more progressive views on policies including the Green New Deal and Medicare-for-All, respectively.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="7BEK3P">
Signaling that he may ultimately back Haaland, Manchin released a <a href="https://twitter.com/jbendery/status/1364297097873395716">statement</a> on Tuesday afternoon highlighting how she has committed to working on West Virginia priorities with him, and preserving the country’s broader energy independence.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="pcSEbc">
At this point, it’s still unclear how Manchin will ultimately vote on either candidate. His initial hedging, however, has already prompted Democratic blowback and raised questions about why he’s been less than supportive of <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2021/02/22/biden-nominations-gop-manchin-tanden-471080">a number of nominees who are also people of color</a>. Tanden would be the first Indian American person to become OMB Director if she were to be confirmed, Haaland would be the first Native American Interior Secretary, and Becerra would be the first Latino HHS Secretary. Manchin’s office did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jNnPmO">
Regardless of the reasons behind his concerns, the optics of the situation have earned him rebukes from some prominent progressives.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="b6kcfd">
Former President Donald Trump’s first Attorney General “Jeff Sessions was so openly racist that even Reagan couldn’t appoint him. Manchin voted to confirm him,” Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez wrote in a tweet regarding the senator’s concerns about Haaland. “Yet the 1st Native woman to be Cabinet Sec is where Manchin finds unease?”
</p>
<div id="kzPUiI">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
Jeff Sessions was so openly racist that even Reagan couldn’t appoint him.<br/><br/>Manchin voted to confirm him. Sessions then targeted immigrant children for wide-scale human rights abuses w/ family separation.<br/><br/>Yet the 1st Native woman to be Cabinet Sec is where Manchin finds unease? <a href="https://t.co/wyki5iE36Y">https://t.co/wyki5iE36Y</a>
</p>
— Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (<span class="citation" data-cites="AOC">@AOC</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/AOC/status/1363968969707773956?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 22, 2021</a>
</blockquote></div></li>
</ul>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="nbzT64">
Manchin’s hesitation to embrace all of Biden’s nominees fits into a general pattern the senator has followed for some time: A moderate Democrat who represents a state that voted for Trump by nearly 40 points in the recent election, Manchin has long established himself as someone willing to buck his party — often while citing the importance of bipartisanship, as he did when speaking about Tanden’s nomination. “At a time of grave crisis, it is more important than ever that we chart a new bipartisan course that helps address the many serious challenges facing our nation,” <a href="https://www.manchin.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/manchin-opposes-omb-director-nominee-neera-tanden">Manchin recently said</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="HMgXF9">
Now, however, progressives like Ocasio-Cortez are among those asking why Manchin was willing to support several problematic Trump nominees — many of whom were focused on partisan priorities — while remaining opposed or uncertain regarding Biden’s picks. It’s a dynamic that’s prompted people to wonder whether the senator’s litmus test applies differently <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2021/02/22/biden-nominations-gop-manchin-tanden-471080">depending on the candidate</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="qDFfQe">
Joe Manchin was the only Democrat who backed a number of Trump nominees
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="LqXwAN">
During the last administration, Manchin also set himself apart when it came to nominees: He was the sole Democrat to back numerous Trump picks, <a href="https://www.manchin.senate.gov/about/bipartisanship/legislation">a distinction that’s touted on his Senate website</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="QDQBB6">
“On nine occasions, Senator Manchin was the only Democrat to vote to confirm Trump nominees, including two cabinet Secretaries, three circuit court judges, and various other nominees,” <a href="https://www.manchin.senate.gov/about/bipartisanship/legislation">a statement reads</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="NzOy2w">
Officials he ultimately supported include former Attorney General Jeff Sessions, <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2021/01/14/sessions-family-separation-policy-459423">who pushed for the zero-tolerance policy</a> that prompted the separation of parents from children at the southern border; Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh, who faced <a href="https://www.vox.com/explainers/2018/9/27/17909782/brett-kavanaugh-christine-ford-supreme-court-senate-sexual-assault-testimony">an allegation of sexual assault during his confirmation process</a>; and former US Ambassador to Germany Ric Grenell, who <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-expected-name-richard-grenell-acting-head-intelligence-n1139161">encountered heat for his own tweets criticizing women</a>.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="YPeSSA">
Against this backdrop, it’s been somewhat jarring for many Democrats to see Manchin oppose or express indecision about Biden’s nominees who’ve garnered GOP blowback for their social media posts, or been dinged by Republicans for their progressive views on health care and energy policy, respectively.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="R2c2mG">
There’s an obvious political reason for Manchin to take such stances: the heavy Trump tilt of his home state, whose other senator is Shelley Moore Capito, a Trump-supporting Republican. But it’s unclear how much constituents might factor in such votes when weighing his potential reelection in four years or in a theoretical run for governor in the future.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="9Om21S">
There are other possible reasons for this approach, too: While Manchin’s concerns with Tanden center heavily on her partisan statements, <a href="https://www.eenews.net/stories/1063722643">he’s told E&amp;E News</a> that he still has questions about Haaland’s agenda and her support for banning fracking on public lands. And Manchin, a pro-life Democrat, could also have questions similar to those Republicans have expressed about Becerra’s past backing for abortion rights.
</p>
<h3 id="W9vVQr">
Multiple nominees facing GOP opposition now are people of color
</h3>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="jRmRRp">
<a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2021/02/22/biden-nominations-gop-manchin-tanden-471080">As Politico’s Lauren Barron-Lopez and Christopher Cadelago reported</a>, something also causing consternation among Democrats — who have made promoting diversity a priority — is that the Biden nominees who’ve garnered the most pushback (or who face uncertainty about a successful confirmation) are all people of color, and mostly women. This has raised questions about whether Republicans and Manchin have double standards when it comes to how they’re evaluating Biden’s nominees.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="3jDRso">
“Is there a pattern here???” Rep. Grace Meng (D-NY), the vice-chair of the Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus recently posted in a tweet, responding to the comments Manchin reportedly expressed on Haaland,<strong> </strong>in which he noted he still had “questions” about her candidacy.
</p>
<div id="JtAZHP">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
Is there a pattern here??? Hope they’re using the same standard and not moving goal posts for only certain nominees. <a href="https://twitter.com/DebHaalandNM?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw"><span class="citation" data-cites="DebHaalandNM">@DebHaalandNM</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/neeratanden?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw"><span class="citation" data-cites="neeratanden">@neeratanden</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/vivek_murthy?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw"><span class="citation" data-cites="vivek_murthy">@vivek_murthy</span></a> <a href="https://t.co/TN2oMc05s5">https://t.co/TN2oMc05s5</a>
</p>
— Grace Meng (<span class="citation" data-cites="Grace4NY">@Grace4NY</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/Grace4NY/status/1363941147584978952?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 22, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="FdSuJI">
The issue of whether nominees of color are getting more scrutiny and being more harshly penalized for their actions than white men is one that a number of Democratic lawmakers and advocates have highlighted.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="lGvn0D">
<a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/2/22/22295201/neera-tanden-senate-confirmation-explained">As Vox’s Ella Nilsen has reported</a>, the irony in lawmakers using Tanden’s tweets as a reason to oppose her nomination is notable, since Republicans long backed Trump or stayed silent despite his incendiary presence on the social media platform. Grenell’s prior confirmation process, too, serves as another point of comparison for a nominee who got in trouble for controversial tweets but still received strong party support in the process.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="naKKAv">
“When a white man can get away with vile behavior, but a woman of color can’t express deep frustration … let’s call it what it is,” <a href="https://twitter.com/vgescobar/status/1364074063908470789">Rep. Veronica Escobar (D-TX) wrote in a tweet about Tanden</a>. “Sexism. And with some, it’s racism as well.”
</p>
<div id="KPILyF">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" dir="ltr" lang="en">
When a white man can get away with vile behavior, but a woman of color can’t express deep frustration…let’s call it what it is. <br/><br/>Sexism. <br/><br/>And with some, it’s racism as well.<br/><br/>The subtext in all of this is “she didn’t know her place.“ <a href="https://t.co/7HqUoD6sFb">https://t.co/7HqUoD6sFb</a>
</p>
— Veronica Escobar (<span class="citation" data-cites="vgescobar">@vgescobar</span>) <a href="https://twitter.com/vgescobar/status/1364074063908470789?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 23, 2021</a>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="iwiuzf">
The final verdict on Tanden, Haaland, and Becerra’s nominations is not yet certain as they respectively make their way through the confirmation process. But racial justice and gender equity experts emphasize that women of color were central to Democrats’ presidential and Senate victories and should hold prominent roles in the administration.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom" id="OtGIiM">
“Women of color mobilized like never before this past election and delivered the White House, the Senate, and down-ballot seats throughout the country,” groups including She the People and Democracy for America <a href="https://www.shethepeople.org/openletter">write in a letter</a>. “To be clear: We did not deliver the election only to be marginalized once again.”
</p>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-sports">From The Hindu: Sports</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Day-night Test | England struggling at 81/4 at tea on Day 1 of 3rd Test</strong> - At the break, Ben Stokes and Ollie Pope were batting on 6 and 1 respectively.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Motera cricket stadium in Ahmedabad renamed Narendra Modi Stadium</strong> - The inauguration was done hours before the start of the day-night third Test between India and England, the first international match at the new venue.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Shorter and convenient quarantine period being planned for shooting World Cup: Rijiju</strong> - Recently, a request was placed before the ministry that shooters be exempted from hard quarantine of 14 days and foreign delegates be given vaccine shots on priority</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>All England draws: Sindhu gets easy passage to quarters, tough for Saina</strong> - The tournament is scheduled to be played in Birmingham from March 17-21</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Qatar and Australia pull out of Copa America due to scheduling conflicts</strong> - Other national teams have already expressed interest in replacing them at the tournament between June 11 and July 10</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-the-hindu-national-news">From The Hindu: National News</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>HC issues notice to former wife of judge</strong> - Petition related to divorce and re-marriage</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>IT sector to have an employee welfare fund</strong> - State Cabinet responds to long-pending demand</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Panel to enquire sexual harassment charges against Special DGP</strong> - IAS officer and Secretary of Planning and Development Department Jayashree Raghunandan has been named the Presiding Officer of the six-member panel</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mamata Banerjee writes to PM, requests him to help West Bengal get vaccines for people before polls</strong> - Election to the 294-member West Bengal assembly is due in April-May</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Cabinet approves PLI scheme for pharmaceuticals</strong> - The PLI scheme for pharma is expected to promote the production of high-value products in the country and increase the value addition in exports</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-bbc-europe">From BBC: Europe</h1>
<ul>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Syria’s ex-intelligence officer convicted in landmark Germany case</strong> - A German court sentences Eyad al-Gharib to jail for complicity in crimes against humanity.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Amnesty strips Alexei Navalny of ‘prisoner of conscience’ status</strong> - Amnesty said it took the decision after complaints of “hate speech” by the Russian opposition leader.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ghislaine Maxwell offers to give up French citizenship</strong> - The British socialite is in jail in New York awaiting trial on sex trafficking charges.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Franco: Melilla enclave removes last statue of fascist dictator on Spanish soil</strong> - Workers carry away the monument of the fascist dictator in the Spanish enclave of Melilla.</p></li>
<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Brexit: Irish Sea border grace periods to be discussed</strong> - The grace periods mean checks and controls on goods going from GB to NI are not fully implemented.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-ars-technica">From Ars Technica</h1>
<ul>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Report: Fry’s Electronics going out of business, shutting down all stores</strong> - Former king of build-your-own-PC retailers couldn’t survive COVID, consignment shift. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1744739">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Scientists create new class of “Turing patterns” in colonies of E. coli</strong> - Computer science pioneer Alan Turing first proposed the patterning mechanism in 1952. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1744613">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Garden-variety germs may explode in COVID’s wake, study suggests</strong> - In coronavirus’ wake, garden-variety germs may come roaring back. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1744646">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Attack of the Murder Hornets is a nature doc shot through horror/sci-fi lens</strong> - Director Michael Paul Stephenson brings his unique sensibility to documentary genre. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1744035">link</a></p></li>
<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Grab a recommended Anker indoor security camera for $30 today</strong> - Dealmaster also has deals on Nintendo Joy-Cons, gaming monitors, and more. - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1744435">link</a></p></li>
</ul>
<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-jokes-subreddit">From Jokes Subreddit</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Why was Yoda afraid of 7</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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Because 9 7 8
</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Enzerly"> /u/Enzerly </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lr3fth/why_was_yoda_afraid_of_7/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lr3fth/why_was_yoda_afraid_of_7/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>Do they allow laughing in Hawaii?</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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Or just a low ha
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Qrow_pine"> /u/Qrow_pine </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lr2sdn/do_they_allow_laughing_in_hawaii/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lr2sdn/do_they_allow_laughing_in_hawaii/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>An old priest died and arrived at the Gates of Heaven</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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Next to him was a young Uber driver who died seconds ago from his reckless driving.
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The priest was called first, and St Peter said, “For your life long career working for the church, we will give you a small studio where you can stay at for the rest of eternity.”
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Then St Peter turns to the Uber driver, and said, “For your 2 years as an Uber driver, we will give you a giant mansion by the lake, and a Ferrari in a heated garage.”
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The priest thought it was strange and unfair, and protested, “Why does the Uber driver deserve so much more than me, when I have devoted my whole life to the church and God?”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
St Peter explained, “You see - during your sermons, half of the audience was sleeping, and the other half was just looking at their phones; but when the Uber driver was driving, everyone was praying!”
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
(Translated and modernized from an old joke in a different language)
</p>
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<!-- SC_ON -->
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Theutates"> /u/Theutates </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lqqiac/an_old_priest_died_and_arrived_at_the_gates_of/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lqqiac/an_old_priest_died_and_arrived_at_the_gates_of/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>A drunk man</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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A drunk man stumbles out of bar and runs into 2 priest. The drunk man looks at the 1st priest and says,
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“Hey, I’m Jesus Christ.”
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The 1st priest tells the man, “No, my son, you’re not.”
</p>
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Then the man turns to the 2nd priest and says the same thing. “Hey, I’m Jesus Christ.”
</p>
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The 2nd priest tells the man, “No, my son, you’re not.”
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The drunk man tells the priests that he can prove it. So he takes the 2 priests into the bar and the bartender says,
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“Jesus Christ. You’re back again?”
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Cold-Dragonfruit-353"> /u/Cold-Dragonfruit-353 </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lqztzs/a_drunk_man/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lqztzs/a_drunk_man/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
<li><strong>She did what he said</strong> - <!-- SC_OFF -->
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
The retiring mailman
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The mailman who had been on the same route for 10 years was leaving the job.
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He had made many friends on the route and decided to put a note in their mailboxes informing them.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
Many on his route came out of their houses to wish him well and some even gave him an envelope with a card and/or a gift.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
When he walked onto the porch of one house, the door opened and a young woman in a sheer nightgown invited him in.
</p>
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She took his hand and led him upstairs to the bedroom where she undressed him and they had wild sex.
</p>
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Afterwards she led him back downstairs to the dining room where there was a sumptuous lunch laid out.
</p>
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As he was leaving, she handed him a five dollar bill.
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“Why are you doing this for me?”, he asked.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“I’ve never even seen you look out the window when I was delivering your mail.”
</p>
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“When I got your note, I wasn’t sure what I should do”, she replied.
</p>
<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
“My husband is older than I and knows more about how things should be done so I asked him.
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He said, “Fuck him, give him 5 bucks.”
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The lunch was entirely my idea.”
</p>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"> submitted by <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/boa_constrictor"> /u/boa_constrictor </a> <br/> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lqik3g/she_did_what_he_said/">[link]</a></span> <span><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/Jokes/comments/lqik3g/she_did_what_he_said/">[comments]</a></span></p></li>
</ul>
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