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<title>06 September, 2022</title>
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<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
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<li><strong>How It Started, How It’s Going: Why past research does not encompass pandemic-induced remote work realities and what leaders can do for more inclusive remote work practices</strong> -
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<div>
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This paper presents a critical evaluation of recently published studies that attempt to address remote work and virtual team challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to the increasing prevalence of remote work, these studies postulate a diverse set of recommendations to summarize what we know about remote work complexities and how to combat them. In this piece, we argue that most of these recommendations fail to serve the needs of leaders, virtual teams, and remote workers, as many of these recent publications gravely overlook the core challenges emerging from the forced nature of working remotely. Indeed, the unique nature of the pandemic poses particular challenges that go beyond previously identified ones. Thus, there is an urgent need to address unidentified obstacles and challenge misplaced recommendations to better equip executives and employees working remotely.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/5nyxp/" target="_blank">How It Started, How It’s Going: Why past research does not encompass pandemic-induced remote work realities and what leaders can do for more inclusive remote work practices</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Students’ Views Studying in Arabic Preparatory Class on Distance Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic</strong> -
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<div>
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Countries have taken some urgent decisions in order not to experience an irreparable loss in the field of education due to the Covid-19 pandemic that affected the world as of the end of 2019. In this process, the distance education decision was among the measures taken for the students to get through the education period with the least damage and without loss of time. Distance education tools, which were previously used at a limited level in many areas, have become widespread and used at all levels of education processes. In Turkey, distance education tools were used in all stages of education in this process and universities had to expand this education tool that they were familiar with. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the 2020-2021 academic year was carried out almost entirely with distance education tools. Due to the decision taken by the Higher Education Council (CoHE) and universities during the pandemic process, there were also students who had to take their foreign language learning with distance education tools. In this study, it is aimed to reveal the situation faced by students who had to take one year preparatory education through online programs before starting the Arabic Language Education undergraduate program. In this process, open-ended questions were asked with a semi-structured interview form to the students who continued their education. The answers given by the students to the questions posed were evaluated with descriptive analysis. While there are students who find distance education positive due to situations such as listening to lessons in a comfortable environment at home, being with the family, there are those who evaluate this process negatively due to situations such as the ineffectiveness of the lessons, the internet shortage, and the inability to take the exams in a reliable environment. Students stated that they generally see this education process negatively and that they don’t want to learn a foreign language with distance education tools if an option is offered.
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/dar56/" target="_blank">Students’ Views Studying in Arabic Preparatory Class on Distance Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Artificial Intelligence-Based Analytics for Impacts of COVID-19 and Online Learning on College Students’ Mental Health</strong> -
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<div>
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COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), first emerged in Wuhan, China late in December 2019. Not long after, the virus spread worldwide and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. This caused many changes around the world and in the United States, including an educational shift towards online learning. In this paper, we seek to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic and increase in online learning impact college students’ emotional wellbeing. We use several machine learning and statistical models to analyze data collected by the Faculty of Public Administration at the University of Ljubljana, Slovenia in conjunction with an international consortium of universities, other higher education institutions, and students’ associations. Our results indicate that features related to students’ academic life have the largest impact on their emotional wellbeing. Other important factors include students’ satisfaction with their university’s and government’s handling of the pandemic as well as students’ financial security.
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/gwkcf/" target="_blank">Artificial Intelligence-Based Analytics for Impacts of COVID-19 and Online Learning on College Students’ Mental Health</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>A Brief Primer on Conducting Regression-Based Causal Mediation Analysis</strong> -
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This is an R package “regmedint” tutorial on conducting regression-based causal mediation analysis, proposed by Valeri and VanderWeele (2013, 2015). We walk readers through a running example, using a publicly available dataset that was originally analyzed in a published longitudinal study to assess the extent to which children’s externalizing behavior mediates changes in parental negative feelings during the COVID-19 lockdown.
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/jath7/" target="_blank">A Brief Primer on Conducting Regression-Based Causal Mediation Analysis</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Neighborhood SES and the COVID-19 Pandemic</strong> -
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<div>
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Lower-income neighborhoods have higher numbers of COVID-19 infections than higher-income neighborhoods. Yet we know relatively little about why these neighborhoods are more vulnerable. Using neighborhood-specific COVID-19 data recently released by the City of Toronto, we (a) compare the COVID-19 trajectories in lower- and higher-income neighborhoods and (b) examine the extent to which neighborhoods’ physical infrastructure and sociodemographic composition account for this difference. Until early March, differences in the cumulative number of COVID-19 infections by neighborhood SES were minimal. However, COVID-19 has since spread faster in lower-income neighborhoods. Until the peak of the pandemic, the physical infrastructure of lower-income neighborhoods was the key reason why COVID-19 spread faster in these neighborhoods. After the peak, differences in physical infrastructure played a smaller role. Lower-income neighborhoods had greater difficulty curbing the pandemic because higher shares of their residents belong to groups particularly vulnerable to COVID-19. Our findings illustrate how the pandemic may exacerbate inequalities across neighborhoods.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/3xg5q/" target="_blank">Neighborhood SES and the COVID-19 Pandemic</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Optimization and deoptimization of codons in SARS-CoV-2 and the implications for vaccine development</strong> -
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<div>
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The spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, has progressed into a global pandemic. To date, thousands of genetic variants have been identified across SARS-CoV-2 isolates from patients. Sequence analysis reveals that the codon usage of viral sequences decreased over time but fluctuated from time to time. In this study, through evolution modeling, we found that this phenomenon might result from the virus’ preference for mutations during transmission. Using dual luciferase assays, we further discovered that the deoptimization of codons on viruses might weaken protein expression during the virus evolution, indicating that the choice of codon usage might play important role in virus fitness. Finally, given the importance of codon usage in protein expression and particularly for mRNA vaccine, we designed several omicron BA.2.12.1 and BA.4/5 spike mRNA vaccine candidates based on codon optimization, and experimentally validated their high levels of expression. Our study highlights the importance of codon usage in virus evolution and mRNA vaccine development.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.09.03.506470v1" target="_blank">Optimization and deoptimization of codons in SARS-CoV-2 and the implications for vaccine development</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>ApoE4 causes severe COVID-19 outcomes via downregulation of ACE2</strong> -
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<div>
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); host cell entry by this virus relies on the interaction between the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of its spike glycoprotein and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on cell membranes. In addition to serving as a receptor for SARS-CoV-2, ACE2 was originally discovered as a protective factor in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) that catalyses the degradation of angiotensin II (Ang II) to Ang 1-7, which is involved in multiple organ pathology. Recent genetic and clinical studies reported that ApoE4 expression is associated with increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe COVID-19, but the underlying mechanism is currently unclear. In the present study, by using immunofluorescence staining, molecular dynamics simulations, proximity ligation assay (PLA) and coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) combined with a biolayer interferometry (BLI) assay, we found that ApoE interacts with both the spike protein and ACE2 but does not show obvious isoform-dependent binding effects. These data suggest that ApoE4 increases SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in a manner that may not depend on differential interactions with the spike protein or ACE2. Importantly, further immunoblotting and immunofluorescence staining results showed that ApoE4 significantly downregulates ACE2 protein expression in vitro and in vivo and subsequently decreases the conversion of Ang II to Ang 1-7, which could worsen tissue lesions; these findings provide a possible explain by which ApoE4 exacerbates COVID-19 disease.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.09.04.506474v1" target="_blank">ApoE4 causes severe COVID-19 outcomes via downregulation of ACE2</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Combined Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir Treatment Improves the Inhibitory Effect on SARS-CoV-2 in Rhesus Macaques</strong> -
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<div>
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The periodic emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) with unpredictable clinical severity and ability to escape preexisting immunity emphasizes the continued need for antiviral interventions. Two small molecule inhibitors, molnupiravir (MK-4482), a nucleoside analog, and nirmatrelvir (PF-07321332), a 3C-like protease inhibitor, have each recently been approved as monotherapy for use in high risk COVID-19 patients. As preclinical data are only available for rodent and ferret models, we originally assessed the efficacy of MK-4482 and PF-07321332 alone and then in combination Against infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC in the rhesus macaque COVID-19 model. Notably, use of MK-4482 and PF-07321332 in combination improved the individual inhibitory effect of both drugs. Combined treatment resulted in milder disease progression, stronger reduction of virus shedding from mucosal tissues of the upper respiratory tract, stronger reduction of viral replication in the lower respiratory tract, and reduced lung pathology. Our data strongly indicate superiority of combined MK-4482 and PF-07321332 treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections as demonstrated here in the closest COVID-19 surrogate model.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.09.03.506479v1" target="_blank">Combined Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir Treatment Improves the Inhibitory Effect on SARS-CoV-2 in Rhesus Macaques</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Delayed SARS-CoV-2 Spread and Olfactory Cell Lineage Impairment in Close-Contact Infection Syrian Hamster Models</strong> -
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Objectives: Close contact with patients with COVID-19 is speculated to be the most common cause of viral transmission, but the pathogenesis of COVID-19 by close contact remains to be elucidated. In addition, despite olfactory impairment being a unique complication of COVID-19, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the olfactory cell lineage has not been fully validated. This study aimed to elucidate close-contact viral transmission to the nose and lungs and to investigate the temporal damage in the olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) lineage caused by SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Syrian hamsters were orally administered SARS-CoV-2 as direct-infection models. On day 7 after inoculation, infected and uninfected hamsters were housed in the same cage for 30 minutes. These uninfected hamsters were subsequently assigned to a close-contact group. First, viral presence in the nose and lungs was verified in the infection and close-contact groups at several time points. Next, the impacts on the olfactory epithelium, including olfactory progenitors, immature ORNs, and mature ORNs, were examined histologically. Then, the viral transmission status and chronological changes in tissue damage were compared between the direct-infection and close-contact groups. Results: In the close-contact group, viral presence could not be detected in both the nose and lungs on day 3, and the virus was identified in both tissues on day 7. In the direct-infection group, the viral load was highest in the nose and lungs on day 3, decreased on day 7, and was no longer detectable on day 14. Histologically, in the direct-infection group, mature ORNs were most depleted on day 3 (p < 0.001) and showed a recovery trend on day 14, with similar trends for olfactory progenitors and immature ORNs. In the close-contact group, there was no obvious tissue damage on day 3, but on day 7, the number of all ORN lineage cells significantly decreased (p < 0.001). Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 was transmitted even after brief contact and subsequent olfactory epithelium and lung damage occurred more than 3 days after the trigger of infection. The present study also indicated that SARS-CoV-2 damages all ORN lineage cells, but this damage can begin to recover approximately 14 days post infection.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.09.03.506499v1" target="_blank">Delayed SARS-CoV-2 Spread and Olfactory Cell Lineage Impairment in Close-Contact Infection Syrian Hamster Models</a>
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<li><strong>Predicting future spatial patterns in COVID-19 booster vaccine uptake.</strong> -
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Vaccination is a critical tool for controlling infectious diseases, with its use to protect against COVID-19 being a prime example. Where a disease is highly transmissible, even a small proportion of unvaccinated individuals can have substantial implications for disease burdens and compromise efforts for control. As socio-demographic factors such as deprivation and ethnicity have been shown to influence uptake rates, identifying how vaccine uptake varies with socio-demographic indicators is a critical step for reducing vaccine hesitancy and issues of access, and identifying plausible future uptake patterns. Here, we analyse the numbers of COVID-19 vaccinations subdivided by age, gender, date, dose and geographical location. We use publicly available socio-demographic data, and use random forest models to capture patterns of uptake at high spatial resolution, with systematic variation restricted to fine spatial scale (~1km in urban areas). We show that uptake of first vaccine booster doses in Scotland can be used to predict with high precision the distribution of second booster doses across deprivation deciles, age and gender despite the substantially lower uptake of second boosters compared to first. This analysis shows that while age and gender have the greatest impact on the model fit, there is a substantial influence of several deprivation factors and the proportion of BAME residents. The high correlation amongst these factors also suggests that, should vaccine uptake decrease, the impact of deprivation is likely to increase, furthering the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on individuals living in highly deprived areas. As our analysis is based solely on publicly available socio-demographic data and readily recorded vaccination uptake figures, it would be easily adaptable to analysing vaccination uptake data from countries where data recording is similar, and for aiding vaccination campaigns against other infectious diseases.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.08.30.22279415v2" target="_blank">Predicting future spatial patterns in COVID-19 booster vaccine uptake.</a>
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<li><strong>People exposed to proton pump inhibitors shortly preceding COVID-19 diagnosis are not at an increased risk of subsequent hospitalizations and mortality: a nation-wide matched cohort study</strong> -
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Aim. To assess whether exposure to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) shortly preceding COVID-19 diagnosis affected the risk of subsequent hospitalizations and mortality. Methods. This population-based study embraced first COVID-19 episodes in adults diagnosed up to August 15 2021 in Croatia. Patients were classified based on exposure to PPIs and burden of PPI-requiring morbidities as “non-users” (no issued prescriptions, no recorded treatment-requiring conditions between January 1 2019 and COVID-19 diagnosis), “possible users” (no issued prescriptions, but morbidities present; self-medication possible) and “users” (at least one prescription within 3 months prior to the COVID-19 diagnosis; morbidities present ). Subsets were mutually exactly matched for pre-COVID-19 characteristics. The contrast between “users” and “possible users” informed about the effect of PPIs that is separate of the effect of PPI-requiring conditions. Results. Among 433609 patients, “users” and “possible users” were matched 41195 (of 55098) to 17334 (of 18170) in the primary and 33272 to 16434 in the sensitivity analysis. There was no relevant difference between them regarding mortality [primary: RR=0.93 (95%CI 0.85-1.02; RD= -0.34% (-0.73, 0.03); sensitivity: RR=0.88 (0.78-0.98); RD=-0.45% (-0.80, -0.11)] or hospitalizations [primary: RR=1.04 (0.97-1.13); RD=0.29% (-0.16, 0.73); sensitivity: RR=1.05 (0.97-1.15); RD=0.32% (-0.12, 0.75)]. The risks of both were slightly higher in “possible users” or “users” than in “non-users” (absolutely by ≈0.4%-1.6%) indicating the effect of PPI-requiring morbidities. Conclusion. Pre-morbid exposure to PPIs does not affect the risk of death or hospitalization in adult COVID-19 patients, but PPI-requiring morbidities seemingly slightly increase the risk of both.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.04.30.22274526v2" target="_blank">People exposed to proton pump inhibitors shortly preceding COVID-19 diagnosis are not at an increased risk of subsequent hospitalizations and mortality: a nation-wide matched cohort study</a>
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<li><strong>No evidence of association between HRV and training load in a pool of professional athletes before, during, and after the first COVID-19 lockdown.</strong> -
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PURPOSE: The COVID-19 crisis also affected elite sport severely, as elite athletes either stopped or drastically reduced their training regimen due to the lack of competitions and the mandatory lockdown. The aim of this study was to test whether heart rate variability was a reliable index of training load, which was dramatically altered due to the mandatory lockdown that occurred as a consequence of the COVID-19. METHODS: Training (volume and intensity) and heart rate variability of sixteen professional male (n = 8; body mass index = 22.2 ± 2.0) and female cyclists (n = 8; body mass index = 20.3 ± 1.1) before (4 weeks), during (7 weeks), and after (4 weeks) the mandatory lockdown in Spain were monitored. RESULTS: Individual analyses showed that the mandatory lockdown caused reliable reductions in training volume in 13 subjects (-96 to -7 % reductions in minutes), that were followed by an increase after the lockdown in all subjects (5 to 270%). In contrast, changes in training load were not homogenous across individuals. Moreover, such changes were not matched by comparable variations in heart rate variability. A mixed model of the heart rate variability as a function of training volume and intensity revealed no significant modulation by these two variables, and subject specific effects on the slope. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we did not find evidence of association between heart rate variability and training load and/or intensity as many previous reports have suggested, even if training conditions changed dramatically overnight.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/sportrxiv/crm6q/" target="_blank">No evidence of association between HRV and training load in a pool of professional athletes before, during, and after the first COVID-19 lockdown.</a>
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<li><strong>CoVidAffect, real-time monitoring of mood variations following the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain</strong> -
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The COVID-19 outbreak and the ensuing confinement measures are expected to bear a significant psychological impact on the affected populations. Here, we publish a dataset from CoVidAffect, a citizen science project that was launched to provide direct, geolocalized data of changes in subjective feeling and physical arousal following the COVID-19 crisis. These publicly available data are continuously updated and visual summaries are displayed on the project website. The data can be further analyzed to identify affected geographical regions, quantify emotional responses to specific measures and policies, and to understand the effect of context variables, such as living space, socioeconomic status, and practice of physical exercise, on emotional regulation and psychological resilience. Our goal is to offer a resource that will help to anticipate the needs for psychosocial support and facilitate evidence-based policy making.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/3sv6r/" target="_blank">CoVidAffect, real-time monitoring of mood variations following the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain</a>
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<li><strong>Airborne Pathogen Detection in Fine Aerosol Exhaled Oral Breath Condensates</strong> -
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Rationale: Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) promises a valuable, non-invasive, and easy to obtain clinical sample. However, it is not currently used diagnostically due to poor reproducibility, sample contamination, and sample loss. Objective: We evaluated whether a new, hand-held EBC collector (PBM-HALE) that separates inertially impacted large droplets (LD) before condensing fine aerosols (FA) in distinct, self-sealing containers, overcomes current limitations. Methods: Sampling consistency was determined in healthy volunteers by microbial culture, 16S phylogenetics, spectrophotometry, RT-PCR, and HILIC-MS. Capture of aerosolised polystyrene beads, liposomes, virus-like particles, or pseudotyped virus was analysed by nanoparticle tracking analysis, reporter expression assays, and flow cytometry. Acute symptomatic COVID-19 case tidal FA EBC viral load was quantified by RT-qPCR. Exhaled particles were counted by laser light scattering. Measurements and Main Results: Salivary amylase-free FA EBC capture was linear (R2=0.9992; 0.25-30 min) yielding RNA (6.03 ug/mL) containing eukaryotic 18S rRNA (RT-qPCR; p<0.001) but not human GAPDH, RNase P, or beta actin mRNA;141 non-volatile metabolites included eukaryotic cell membrane components, and cuscohygrine 3 days after cocaine abuse. Culturable aerobe viability was condensation temperature-dependent. Breath fraction-specific microbiota were stable, identifying Streptococcus enrichment in a mild dry cough case. Nebulized pseudotyped virus infectivity loss <67% depended on condensation temperature, and particle charge-driven aggregation. SARS-CoV-2 RNA genomes were detected only by forced expiration FA EBC capture, in 100% of acute COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: High purity, distal airway FA EBC can reproducibly and robustly inform contamination-free infectious agent emission sources, and be quantitatively assayed for multiple host, microbial, and lifestyle biomarker classes.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.05.25.22275435v2" target="_blank">Airborne Pathogen Detection in Fine Aerosol Exhaled Oral Breath Condensates</a>
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<li><strong>The global distribution of COVID-19 vaccine: The role of macro-socioeconomics measures</strong> -
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Abstract Since coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has continued to spread globally, many countries have started vaccinations at the end of December 2020. This research examines the relationship between COVID-19 vaccine distribution and two macro-socioeconomics measures, including human development index and gross domestic product, among 25 countries for two points in time, including February and August 2021. The COVID-19 dataset is a collection of the COVID-19 data maintained by Our World in Data. It is a daily updated dataset and includes confirmed cases, vaccinations, deaths, and testing data. Ordinary Least Squares was applied to examine how macro-socioeconomic measures predict the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine over time. Results: The results indicate that a higher gross domestic product per capita is positively associated with higher COVID-19 vaccine distribution, and this relationship becomes more robust over time. However, some countries may have more successful vaccine distribution results regardless of their gross domestic product. In addition, the result shows human development index does not have a significant relationship with vaccine distribution. Conclusion: Economic measures may be counted as a more vital indicator for vaccine distribution as they have a more direct relationship distribution with health infrastructure than social measures such as human development index.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.09.21251436v2" target="_blank">The global distribution of COVID-19 vaccine: The role of macro-socioeconomics measures</a>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Booster Study of COVID-19 Protein Subunit Recombinant Vaccine</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: SARS-CoV-2 subunit protein recombinant vaccine; Biological: Active Comparator<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: PT Bio Farma; Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran; Faculty of Medicine Universitas Udayana<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of a Recombinant Protein COVID-19 Vaccine SCTV01E-1 in Population Aged Above 18 Years</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 Infection<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: SCTV01E-1 on D0; Biological: SCTV01E-1 on D28; Biological: SCTV01E-1 on D150; Biological: SCTV01E on D0; Biological: SCTV01E on D28; Biological: SCTV01E on D150; Biological: SCTV01E-1 on D120; Biological: SCTV01E on D120<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Sinocelltech Ltd.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Novel Parameter LIT/N That Predicts Survival in COVID-19 ICU Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19 Pneumonia<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Diagnostic Test: the LIT test<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Gazi University; Oxford MediStress<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy and Safety of ES16001 in Patients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: ES16001 40 mg; Drug: ES16001 80 mg; Drug: ES16001 160 mg; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Genencell Co. Ltd.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Phase 2a Trial to Evaluate Safety and Immunogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccine Strategies in HIV-infected/Uninfected Adults.</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: Ad26.COV2.S (VAC31518, JNJ-78436735) Vaccine, SARS-CoV-2 rS (CovovaxTM), BNT162b2 (Pfizer)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: The Aurum Institute NPC; Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID Protection After Transplant - Sanofi GSK (CPAT-SG) Study</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19; Kidney Transplant<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: Sanofi-GSK monovalent (B.1.351) CoV2 preS dTM-AS03 COVID-19 vaccine<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); PPD; Johns Hopkins University; Sanofi Pasteur, a Sanofi Company<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety and Immunogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccine, AdCLD-CoV19-1</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19; Vaccines<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: AdCLD-CoV19-1<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: International Vaccine Institute; Cellid Co., Ltd.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Smartphone Intervention for Overdose and COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Substance Use Disorders; Overdose; COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Device: iThrive WI Intervention<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: University of Wisconsin, Madison; National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of COVID-19 and Influenza Combination Vaccine</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19; Influenza<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: CIC Vaccine; Drug: qNIV Vaccine; Drug: SARS-CoV-2 rS Vaccine; Drug: Influenza Vaccine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Novavax<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Treamid for Patients With Reduced Exercise Tolerance After COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: SARS-CoV-2 Infection; Lung Fibrosis<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Treamid; Drug: Treamid twice a day; Drug: Treamid once a day; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: PHARMENTERPRISES LLC<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Self-proning and Repositioning in COVID-19 Outpatients at Risk of Complicated Illness</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19; COVID-19 Pneumonia; Proning; Hospitalization; Death; Outpatient; Complication<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Other: Self-proning<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Unity Health Toronto; Applied Health Research Centre<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effects of Immulina TM Supplements With PASC Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Post Acute COVID-19 Syndrome<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Dietary Supplement: Immulina TM; Dietary Supplement: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: University of Mississippi Medical Center; National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of Clinical Performance and Usability of iStatis COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test at POC</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19 Virus Infection; COVID-19; Coronavirus Disease-19; COVID-19 Pandemic; SARS-CoV-2 Infection<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Diagnostic Test: iStatis COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test; Diagnostic Test: “COVID-19 RT-PCR Test EUA Number: EUA200011, Company: Laboratory Corporation of America (”Labcorp")<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: bioLytical Laboratories<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Resilience Intervention for Health Professionals COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Mental Health Wellness 1<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Other: Mindfulness-based Intervention<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Universidad de Monterrey<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Addressing Post-COVID-19 Musculoskeletal Symptoms</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Telemedicine; Musculoskeletal Disease; SARS-CoV-2; Pain; COVID-19; Exercise<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Other: Multicomponent exercise program; Other: Tele-health primary care rehabilitation program<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Universidad Europea de Madrid<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Beyond the vaccines: a glance at the small molecule and peptide-based anti-COVID19 arsenal</strong> - Unprecedented efforts of the researchers have been witnessed in the recent past towards the development of vaccine platforms for the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Albeit, vaccination stands as a practical strategy to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection, supplementing the anti-COVID19 arsenal with therapeutic options such as small molecules/peptides and antibodies is being conceived as a prudent strategy to tackle the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Noteworthy to mention that collective efforts from…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Targeting spike protein-induced TLR/NET axis by COVID-19 therapeutic NRICM102 ameliorates pulmonary embolism and fibrosis</strong> - The global COVID-19 pandemic remains a critical public health threat, as existing vaccines and drugs appear insufficient to halt the rapid transmission. During an outbreak from May to August 2021 in Taiwan, patients with severe COVID-19 were administered NRICM102, which was a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula developed based on its predecessor NRICM101 approved for treating mild cases. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of NRICM102 in ameliorating severe COVID-19-related embolic…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Computational investigation of potent inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 2’-O-methyltransferase (nsp16): Structure-based pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energy calculations</strong> - The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, has created unprecedented public health and economic crises around the world. SARS-CoV-2 2’-O-methyltransferase (nsp16) adds a “cap” to viral RNA to maintain the stability of viral RNA, and inhibition of nsp16 activity may reduce viral proliferation, making this protein an attractive drug target. Here, we report the identification of several small molecule inhibitors of…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Review of Safety Outcomes from Clinical Trials of Baricitinib in Rheumatology, Dermatology and COVID-19</strong> - Baricitinib is an oral, selective inhibitor of Janus kinase (JAK)1/JAK2 that transiently and reversibly inhibits many proinflammatory cytokines. This mechanism is a key mediator in a number of chronic inflammatory diseases; accordingly, baricitinib has been studied and approved for the treatment of several rheumatological and dermatological disorders, as well as COVID-19. This narrative review summarises and discusses the safety profile of baricitinib across these diseases, with special focus on…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Screening, molecular simulation and <em>in silico</em> kinetics of virtually designed Covid main protease inhibitors</strong> - Coronavirus (covid-19) infection is considered to deadliest ever pandemic experienced by the human being. It has very badly affected the socio-economic health of human and stuck the scientific community to think and rethink about its complete eradication. But due to no effective treatment or unavailability of vaccine the health professional could not show any significant improvement to control the pandemic. The situation needs newer molecule, vaccine or effective treatment to control covid-19…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>ZnO-chlorogenic acid nanostructured complex inhibits Covid-19 pathogenesis and increases hydroxychloroquine efficacy</strong> - The study purpose was to compare the anti- the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) property of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) with the new valid synthesized complex of ZnO /CGA-NPs. Methods The facile mixing method was utilized to prepare ZnO/CGA-NPs. The in vitro effect of different ZnO/CGA-NPs concentrations on papain-like protease (PL^(pro)) and spike protein- receptor-binding domain (RBD) was measured by ELISA technique. The compounds effects on SARS-CoV2…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Emodin from Aloe inhibits Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus in cell culture</strong> - Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is an emerging swine enteropathogenic coronavirus that causes severe diarrhea in neonatal piglets, leading to serious economic losses to the pig industries. At present, there are no effective control measures for SADS, making an urgent need to exploit effective antiviral therapies. Here, we confirmed that Aloe extract (Ae) can strongly inhibit SADS-CoV in Vero and IPI-FX cells in vitro. Furthermore, we detected that Emodin from Ae had…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Folic acid restricts SARS-CoV-2 invasion by methylating ACE2</strong> - The current COVID-19 pandemic is motivating us to elucidate the molecular mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 invasion and find methods for decreasing its transmissibility. We found that SARS-CoV-2 could increase the protein level of ACE2 in mice. Folic acid and 5-10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) could promote the methylation of the ACE2 promoter and inhibit ACE2 expression. Folic acid treatment decreased the binding ability of Spike protein, pseudovirus and inactivated authentic SARS-CoV-2 to…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Associated Aortic Thrombosis Treated with Oral Factor Xa Inhibition</strong> - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute complex systemic disorder caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).While SARS-CoV-2 is known to cause significant pulmonary disease, various extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 have also been reported. Growing evidence suggests that COVID-19 is associated with coagulopathy leading to micro and macrovascular complications. Although in patients with COVID-19, venous thromboembolic events are more frequent,…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Investigation into the <em>in vivo</em> mechanism of diosmetin in patients with breast cancer and COVID-19 using bioinformatics</strong> - Patients with breast cancer are prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection [the causative virus of coronavirus disease (COVID-19)] due to their lack of immunity. In the current study, we examined the mechanism of action of Diosmetin, a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory properties, in patients with BRCA infected with SARS-CoV-2.We used bioinformatics technology to analyze the binding ability, biological function, and other biological characteristics of Diosmetin in vivo and examine the core target and…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Ruxolitinib inhibits cytokine production by human lung macrophages without impairing phagocytic ability</strong> - Background: The Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib has been approved in an indication of myelofibrosis and is a candidate for the treatment of a number of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. We assessed the effects of ruxolitinib on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and poly (I:C)-induced cytokine production by human lung macrophages (LMs) and on the LMs’ phagocytic activity. Methods: Human LMs were isolated from patients operated on for lung carcinoma. The LMs were cultured with ruxolitinib…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Nutraceutical prospects of <em>Houttuynia cordata</em> against the infectious viruses</strong> - The novel enveloped β-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has offered a surprising health challenge all over the world. It develops severe pneumonia leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Like SARS-COV-2, other encapsulated viruses like HIV, HSV, and influenza have also offered a similar challenge in the past. In this regard, many antiviral drugs are being explored with varying degrees of success to combat the associated pathological conditions. Therefore, upon scientific…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A DNA-based non-infectious replicon system to study SARS-CoV-2 RNA synthesis</strong> - The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has seriously affected public health around the world. In-depth studies on the pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 is urgently necessary for pandemic prevention. However, most laboratory studies on SARS-CoV-2 have to be carried out in BSL-3 laboratories, greatly restricting the progress of relevant experiments. In this study, we used a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) method to assemble a…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The mechanism of metal-based antibacterial materials and the progress of food packaging applications: A review</strong> - Food packages have been detected carrying novel coronavirus in multi-locations since the outbreak of COVID-19, causing major concern in the field of food safety. Metal-based supported materials are widely used for sterilization due to their excellent antibacterial properties as well as low biological resistance. As the principal part of antibacterial materials, the active component, commonly referred to Ag, Cu, Zn, etc., plays the main role in inhibiting and killing pathogenic microorganisms by…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Heterologous Prime-boost of SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccine and mRNA BNT162b2 among Healthy Thai Adolescents</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: Heterologous prime-boost vaccination with CoronaVac followed by BNT162b2 induced high neutralizing titer against SARS-CoV-2 Delta strain. After 5-month interval, booster with BNT162b2 induced high neutralizing titer against Omicron strain.Thai Clinical Trials Registry (thaiclinicaltrials.org): TCTR20210923012.</p></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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