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<title>18 October, 2021</title>
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<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
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<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
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<li><strong>Projecting the transition of COVID-19 burden towards the young population while vaccines are rolled out: a modelling study</strong> -
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SARS-CoV-2 infection causes most cases of severe illness and fatality in older age groups. In China, over 85% of individuals aged ≥12 years have been vaccinated against COVID-19 (albeit with vaccines developed against historical lineages), while children aged 0-11 years are currently not eligible for vaccination (as of September 2021). The aim of this work is to assess whether the importation of Delta variant infections will shift the COVID-19 burden from adults to children. We developed an age-structured susceptible-infectious-removed model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics to simulate the epidemics triggered by the importation of Delta variant infections and project the age-specific incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections, cases, hospitalisations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and deaths. In the context of the vaccination programme targeting individuals aged ≥12 years (as of September 2021), and in the absence of non- pharmaceutical interventions, the importation of Delta variant infections could lead to widespread transmission and substantial disease burden in mainland China, even with vaccination coverage as high as 97% across the currently eligible age groups. The symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections and hospitalisation are projected to shift towards children and young adolescents, with 13% of symptomatic infections and 30% of hospitalisations occurring in those aged 0-11 years. Extending the vaccination roll-out to include children aged 3-11 years is estimated to dramatically decrease the burden of symptomatic infections and hospitalisations within this age group (54% and 81%, respectively), but would have a low impact on protecting infants (aged 0-2 years). Our findings highlight the need to strengthen vaccination efforts by simultaneously extending the target population and elevating vaccine effectiveness.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.14.21265032v1" target="_blank">Projecting the transition of COVID-19 burden towards the young population while vaccines are rolled out: a modelling study</a>
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<li><strong>A wind speed threshold for increased outdoor transmission of coronavirus: An ecological study</strong> -
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Background To examine whether outdoor transmission may contribute to the COVID-19 epidemic, we hypothesized that slower outdoor wind speed is associated with increased risk of transmission when individuals socialize outside. Methods Daily COVID-19 incidence reported in Suffolk County, NY, between March 16th-December 31st, 2020, was the outcome. Average wind speed and maximal daily temperature were collated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Negative binomial regression was used to model incidence rates while adjusting for susceptible population size. Results Cases were very high in the initial wave but diminished once lockdown procedures were enacted. Most days between May 1st, 2020, and October 24th, 2020, had temperatures 16-28C and wind speed diminished slowly over the year and began to increase again in December 2020. Unadjusted and multivariable-adjusted analyses revealed that days with temperatures ranging between 16-28C where wind speed was <8.85 kilometers per hour (KPH) had increased COVID-19 incidence (aIRR=1.45, 95% C.I.=[1.28-1.64], P<0.001) as compared to days with average wind speed >=8.85 KPH. Conclusion Throughout the U.S. epidemic, the role of outdoor shared spaces such as parks and beaches has been a topic of considerable interest. This study suggests that outdoor transmission of COVID-19 may occur by noting that the risk of transmission of COVID-19 in the summer was higher on days with low wind speed. Outdoor use of increased physical distance between individuals, improved air circulation, and use of masks may be helpful in some outdoor environments where airflow is limited.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.05.21251179v2" target="_blank">A wind speed threshold for increased outdoor transmission of coronavirus: An ecological study</a>
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<li><strong>Interactions among common non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viruses and influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on their circulation in New York City</strong> -
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Background Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and voluntary behavioral changes during the COVID-19 pandemic have influenced the circulation of non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infections. We aimed to examine interactions among common non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory virus and further estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these viruses. Methods We analyzed incidence data for seven groups of respiratory viruses in New York City (NYC) during Oct 2015 - May 2021 (i.e., before and during the COVID-19 pandemic). We first used elastic net regression to identify potential virus interactions and further examined the robustness of the found interactions by comparing the performance of Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models with and without the interactions. We then used the models to compute counterfactual estimates of cumulative incidence and estimate the reduction during the COVID-19 pandemic period from March 2020 to May 2021, for each virus. Results We identified potential interactions for three endemic human coronaviruses (CoV-NL63, CoV-HKU, and CoV-OC43), parainfluenza (PIV)-1, rhinovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). We found significant reductions (by ~70-90%) in cumulative incidence of CoV-OC43, CoV-229E, human metapneumovirus, PIV-2, PIV-4, RSV, and influenza virus during the COVID-19 pandemic. In contrast, the circulation of adenovirus and rhinovirus was less affected. Conclusions Circulation of several respiratory viruses has been low during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may lead to increased population susceptibility. It is thus important to enhance monitoring of these viruses and promptly enact measures to mitigate their health impacts (e.g., influenza vaccination campaign and hospital infection prevention) in the coming months.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.14.21264861v1" target="_blank">Interactions among common non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viruses and influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on their circulation in New York City</a>
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<li><strong>Duration of viral shedding and culture positivity with post-vaccination breakthrough delta variant infections</strong> -
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Isolation guidelines for SARS-CoV-2 are largely derived from data collected prior to emergence of the delta variant. We followed a cohort of ambulatory patients with post-vaccination breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections with longitudinal collection of nasal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 viral load quantification, whole genome sequencing, and viral culture. All delta variant infections (8/8, 100%) in our cohort were symptomatic, compared with 64% (9/14) of non-delta variant infections. Delta variant breakthrough infections were characterized by higher initial viral load, longer duration of virologic shedding by PCR (median 13.5 vs 4 days, hazard ratio [HR] 0.45, 95%CI 0.17-1.17), greater likelihood of replication competent virus at early stages of infection (6/8 [75%] vs 3/14 [23%], P=0.03), and longer duration of culturable virus (median 7 vs 3 days, HR 0.38, 95%CI 0.14-1.02) compared to non-delta variants. Nonetheless, no individuals with delta variant infections had replication competent virus by day 10 after symptom onset or 24 hours after resolution of symptoms. These data support current US Center for Disease Control isolation guidelines and reinforce the importance of prompt testing and isolation among symptomatic individuals with delta variant breakthrough infections. Additional data are needed to evaluate these relationships among asymptomatic and more severe delta variant breakthrough infections.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.14.21264747v1" target="_blank">Duration of viral shedding and culture positivity with post-vaccination breakthrough delta variant infections</a>
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<li><strong>NSAIDs/Nitazoxanide/Azithromycin Immunomodulatory COVID Protocol Might Inhibit SARS CoV-2 Replication Through Disruption of NF-κB Signaling</strong> -
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In March 2020, I’ve sent a correspondence to NEJM (20-06753) calling the claims that led the world to avoid non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in COVID-19 management as a scam and it was rejected by this journal as well as more than a dozen of other journals until published almost six months later at the reputable InflammoPharmacology. In April 2020, a concept paper was rapidly published as a letter to the editor favoring nitazoxanide over ivermectin for management of COVID-19 together with azithromycin. Since then, a protocol has evolved to safely manage dozens of pediatric, geriatric, adult and pregnant COVID-19 patients and it was rejected by dozens of journals since May 2020 (20-19376) and eventually it was published in August 2021 only after publishing several papers to justify its academic basis in highly reputable journals. I repeat my long-ignored claim NSAIDs/Nitazoxanide/Azithromycin immunomodulatory protocol (Kelleni’s Protocol) a game-changer that might end this pandemic safely and immediately and, in this manuscript, I’m adding more recent evidence that justify my claim.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/g2h74/" target="_blank">NSAIDs/Nitazoxanide/Azithromycin Immunomodulatory COVID Protocol Might Inhibit SARS CoV-2 Replication Through Disruption of NF-κB Signaling</a>
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<li><strong>Memory B cell and humoral responses elicited by Sputnik V in naïve and COVID-19-recovered vaccine recipients</strong> -
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The development of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 remains a global health priority. Despite extensive use, the effects of Sputnik V on B cell immunity need to be explored in detail. We show that B memory cell (MBC) and antibody responses to Sputnik V were heavily dependent on whether the vaccinee had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection or not. <i>In vitro</i> stimulated MBCs from previously infected recipients of Sputnik V secreted a significant amount of anti-RBD IgG both on days 28 and 85 from the beginning of vaccination. These antibodies demonstrated robust neutralization of the Wuhan Spike-pseudotyped lentivirus. In the naïve group of vaccinees, the level of anti-RBD IgG secretion was five- to- six-fold reduced compared to that of the recovered group, and maximum virus neutralization (Wuhan spike) was achieved only on day 85. Sera from all the recovered and most naïve Sputnik V recipients were neutralizing against the ancestral Wuhan and mutant B.1.351 viruses. Thus, our in-depth analysis of MBC responses in Sputnik V vaccinees complements traditional serological approaches and may provide important outlook into future B cell responses upon re-encounter with the emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.13.21264894v1" target="_blank">Memory B cell and humoral responses elicited by Sputnik V in naïve and COVID-19-recovered vaccine recipients</a>
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<li><strong>“I had no life. I was only existing”. Factors shaping the mental health and wellbeing of people experiencing long Covid: a qualitative study.</strong> -
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Background Around one in 10 people who have COVID-19 report persistent symptoms or “long Covid”. Impaired mental health and wellbeing is commonly reported including anxiety, depression and reduced quality of life. There is however, limited in-depth research exploring why mental health and wellbeing have been impacted among people experiencing long Covid. Aims To explore factors impacting mental health and wellbeing, from the perspective of people with long Covid. Method Semi-structured qualitative interviews that were audio-recorded and transcribed. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. 21 people with long Covid participated in the study. Participants were eligible to take part if they self-reported a positive swab test/antibody test, or one or more commonly reported COVID-19 symptoms at illness onset and experiences of one or more long Covid symptom three or more weeks following illness onset. Results Five themes were identified across participant accounts regarding factors impacting mental health and wellbeing including i) experiences of care and understanding from others; ii) lack of service and treatment options; iii) severe disruption to daily life iv) uncertainty of illness trajectories and v) changes to identity. Conclusions People with long Covid experience a range of factors that negatively impact their mental health and wellbeing. Providing patient centred health services that integrate the rapidly evolving research in this area is important, as are peer support groups and supported approaches to self-management.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.13.21264855v1" target="_blank">“I had no life. I was only existing”. Factors shaping the mental health and wellbeing of people experiencing long Covid: a qualitative study.</a>
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<li><strong>Connecting Self-Reported Social Distancing to Real-World Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic</strong> -
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In an effort to combat COVID-19 and future pandemics, researchers have attempted to identify the factors underlying social distancing. Yet, much of this research relies on self-report measures. In two studies, we examine whether self- reported social distancing predicts objective distancing behavior. In Study 1, individuals’ self-reported social distancing predicted decreased mobility (assessed via smartphone step-counts) during the COVID-19 pandemic. While participants high in self-reported distancing (+1 SD) exhibited a 33% reduction in daily step-count, those low in distancing (-1 SD) exhibited only a 3% reduction. Study 2 extended these findings to the group-level. Self-reported social distancing at the U.S. state level accounted for 20% of the variance in states’ objective reduction in overall movement and visiting nonessential services (calculated via the GPS coordinates of ~15 million people). Collectively, our results indicate that self-reported social distancing tracks actual social distancing behavior.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/kvnwp/" target="_blank">Connecting Self-Reported Social Distancing to Real-World Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic</a>
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<li><strong>Psychiatric Manifestations and Associated Risk Factors among Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Edo State, Nigeria.</strong> -
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Objective The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had devastating effects globally. These effects are likely to result in mental health problems at different levels. Although studies have reported the mental health burden of the pandemic on the general population and frontline health workers, the impact of the disease on the mental health of patients in COVID-19 treatment and isolation centres have been understudied in Africa. We estimated the prevalence of depression and anxiety and associated risk factors in hospitalized persons with COVID-19. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 489 patients with COVID-19 at the three government-designated treatment and isolation centres in Edo State, Nigeria. The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) tool were used to assess depression and anxiety respectively. Binary logistic regression was applied to determine risk factors of depression and anxiety. Results Of the 489 participants, 49.1% and 38.0% had depressive and anxiety symptoms respectively. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and combination of both were 16.2%, 12.9% and 9.0% respectively. Moderate-severe symptoms of COVID-19, ≥14 days in isolation, worrying about the outcome of infection and stigma increased the risk of having depression and anxiety. Additionally, being separated/divorced increased the risk of having depression and having comorbidity increased the risk of having anxiety. Conclusion A substantial proportion of our participants experienced depression, anxiety and a combination of both especially in those who had the risk factors we identified. The findings underscore the need to address these risk factors early in the course of the disease and integrate mental health interventions into COVID-19 management guidelines.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.12.21264913v1" target="_blank">Psychiatric Manifestations and Associated Risk Factors among Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Edo State, Nigeria.</a>
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<li><strong>A review of the effectiveness and experiences of welfare advice services co-located in health settings: a critical narrative systematic review.</strong> -
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The links between financial insecurity and poor health and wellbeing are well established. Individuals experiencing financial insecurity are also more likely to face challenges in accessing the support services they need. There is evidence of unequal uptake of welfare support and benefits, particularly in some ethnic minority groups. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated financial insecurity for the most vulnerable and action is needed to improve the support provided for those affected during the recovery from the pandemic. One approach to improving uptake of benefits has been to deliver welfare services within health settings. This has the potential to increase income and possibly improve health. We conducted systematic review with a critical narrative synthesis to assess the health, social and financial impacts of welfare advice services co-located in health settings and explore the facilitators and barriers to successful implementation of these services, in order to guide future policy and practice. The review identified 14 studies published in the UK from 2010. The services provided generated on average 27GBP of social, economic and environmental return on investment per 1GBP invested. Individuals on average benefitted from an additional 2,757GBP household income per annum and cost savings for the NHS were demonstrated. The review demonstrated that improvements to health were made by addressing key social determinants of health, thereby reducing health inequalities. Co-located welfare services actively incorporated elements of proportionate universalism and targeted those, who due to predominately health needs, were most in need of this support. The nature of the welfare advice service, how it operates within a health setting, and how visible and accessible this service is to participants and professionals referring into the service, were seen as important facilitators. Co-production during service development and ongoing enhanced multi-disciplinary collaboration were also considered vital to the success of co-located services.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.13.21264938v1" target="_blank">A review of the effectiveness and experiences of welfare advice services co-located in health settings: a critical narrative systematic review.</a>
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<li><strong>Human-Network Regions as Effective Geographic Units for Disease Mitigation</strong> -
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Susceptibility to infectious diseases such as COVID-19 depends on how they spread, and many studies have captured the decrease in COVID-19 spread due to reduction in travel. However, less is known about practical geographic boundaries for that limit the spread of COVID-19 to adjacent places. To detect such boundaries, we apply community-detection algorithms to large networks of mobility and social-media connections to construct geographic regions that reflect natural human movement and relationships at the county level for the continental United States. We measure COVID-19 cases, case rates, and case-rate variations across adjacent counties and examine how often COVID-19 crosses the boundaries of these functional regions. We find that regions that we construct using GPS-trace networks and especially commuter networks have the smallest rates of COVID-19 case rates along the boundaries, so these regions may reflect natural partitions in COVID-19 transmission. Conversely, regions that we construct from geolocated Facebook friendships and Twitter connections yield the least effective partitions. Our analysis reveals that regions that are derived from movement flows are more appropriate geographic units than states for making policy decisions about opening areas for activity, assessing vulnerability of populations, and allocating resources. Our insights are also relevant for policy decisions and public messaging in future emergency situations.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/4mp6x/" target="_blank">Human-Network Regions as Effective Geographic Units for Disease Mitigation</a>
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<li><strong>Evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections among immunocompromised patients fully vaccinated with BNT162b2</strong> -
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Objective: To evaluate COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections among immunocompromised (IC) individuals. Methods: Individuals vaccinated with BNT162b2 were selected from the US HealthVerity database (12/10/2020-7/8/2021). COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections were examined in fully vaccinated (≥14 days after 2nd dose) IC individuals (IC cohort), 12 mutually exclusive IC condition groups, and a non-IC cohort. IC conditions were identified using an algorithm based on diagnosis codes and immunosuppressive (IS) medication usage. Results: Of 1,277,747 individuals ≥16 years of age who received 2 BNT162b2 doses, 225,796 (17.7%) were identified as IC (median age: 58 years; 56.3% female). The most prevalent IC conditions were solid malignancy (32.0%), kidney disease (19.5%), and rheumatologic/inflammatory conditions (16.7%). Among the fully vaccinated IC and non-IC cohorts, a total of 978 breakthrough infections were observed during the study period; 124 (12.7%) resulted in hospitalization and 2 (0.2%) were inpatient deaths. IC individuals accounted for 38.2% (N=374) of all breakthrough infections, 59.7% (N=74) of all hospitalizations, and 100% (N=2) of inpatient deaths. The proportion with breakthrough infections was 3 times higher in the IC cohort compared to the non-IC cohort (N=374 [0.18%] vs. N=604 [0.06%]; unadjusted incidence rates were 0.89 and 0.34 per 100 person-years, respectively. Organ transplant recipients had the highest incidence rate; those with >1 IC condition, antimetabolite usage, primary immunodeficiencies, and hematologic malignancies also had higher incidence rates compared to the overall IC cohort. Incidence rates in older (≥65 years old) IC individuals were generally higher versus younger IC individuals (<65). Limitations: This retrospective analysis relied on coding accuracy and had limited capture of COVID-19 vaccine receipt. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections are rare but are more common and severe in IC individuals. The findings from this large study support FDA authorization and CDC recommendations to offer a 3rd vaccine dose to increase protection among IC individuals.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.12.21264707v1" target="_blank">Evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections among immunocompromised patients fully vaccinated with BNT162b2</a>
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<li><strong>Japanese Dictionary for Sentiment Analysis of Counselling Text</strong> -
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Chat-based counselling has become increasingly popular in the era of telecommunication. The need for accessible therapy has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Given its text-based nature, chat-based counselling provides an opportunity for machine-based analysis. It even has the potential to provide machine-based counselling services. However, the informational resources for machine-based analysis and interaction are rather scarce especially in a Japanese-language context. We created a Japanese dictionary for sentiment analysis, using a technique via machine-based text analysis, tailored for counselling related text. It includes 2389 words that were frequently used in chat-based counselling corpora. The following attributes were included for each word: (1) valence rating by the general public, (2) valence rating by clinical psychologists, (3) emotionality, and (4) body-relatedness.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/2g6jt/" target="_blank">Japanese Dictionary for Sentiment Analysis of Counselling Text</a>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A phylogeny-based metric for estimating changes in transmissibility from recurrent mutations in SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in late 2019 and spread globally to cause the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the constant accumulation of genetic variation in the SARS-CoV-2 population, there was little evidence for the emergence of significantly more transmissible lineages in the first half of 2020. Starting around November 2020, several more contagious and possibly more virulent Variants of Concern (VoCs) were reported in various regions of the world. These VoCs share some mutations and deletions that haven arisen recurrently in distinct genetic backgrounds. Here, we build on our previous work modelling the association of mutations to SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility and characterise the contribution of individual recurrent mutations and deletions to estimated viral transmissibility. We then assess how patterns of estimated transmissibility in all SARS-CoV-2 clades have varied over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic by summing transmissibility estimates for all individual mutations carried by any sequenced genome analysed. Such an approach recovers the Delta variant (21A) as the most transmissible clade currently in circulation, followed by the Alpha variant (20I). By assessing transmissibility over the time of sampling, we observe a tendency for estimated transmissibility within clades to slightly decrease over time in most clades. Although subtle, this pattern is consistent with the expectation of a decay in transmissibility in mainly non-recombining lineages caused by the accumulation of weakly deleterious mutations. SARS-CoV-2 remains a highly transmissible pathogen, though such a trend could conceivably play a role in the turnover of different global viral clades observed over the pandemic so far.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.06.442903v2" target="_blank">A phylogeny-based metric for estimating changes in transmissibility from recurrent mutations in SARS-CoV-2</a>
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<li><strong>Alterations in CD39/CD73 Axis of T cells associated with COVID-19 severity</strong> -
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Purinergic signaling modulates immune function and is involved in the immunopathogenesis of several viral infections. This study aimed to investigate alterations in purinergic pathways in COVID-19 patients. Lower plasma ATP and adenosine levels were identified in mild and severe COVID-19 patients associated with proinflammatory cytokine profiles compared to healthy controls. Mild COVID-19 patients presented lower frequencies of CD4+CD25+CD39+ (activated/memory Treg) and CD4+CD25+CD39+CD73+ T cells, and increased frequencies of high differentiated (CD27-CD28-) CD8+T cells compared to health controls. Severe COVID-19 patients also showed higher frequencies of CD4+CD39+, CD4+CD25-CD39+ (memory T effector cell), high differentiated CD8+ T cells (CD27-CD28-) and diminished frequencies of CD4+CD73+, CD4+CD25+CD39+ mTreg, CD4+CD25+CD39+CD73+, CD8+CD73+ and low-differentiated CD8+ T cells (CD27+CD28+) in the blood in relation to mild COVID-19 patients and controls. Moreover, severe COVID-19 patients presented higher expression of PD-1 on low-differentiated CD8+ T cells. Both severe and mild COVID-19 patients presented higher frequencies of CD4+Annexin-V+ and CD8+Annexin-V+ T cells, showing increased T cell apoptosis. Plasma samples collected from severe COVID-19 patients were able to decrease the expression of CD73 on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of a healthy donor. Interestingly, the in vitro incubation of PBMC from severe COVID-19 patients with adenosine reduced the NF-kB activation in T cells and monocytes. Together, these data add new knowledge regarding the immunopathology of COVID-19 through purinergic regulation, especially concerning adenosine deficiency.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.18.21263782v2" target="_blank">Alterations in CD39/CD73 Axis of T cells associated with COVID-19 severity</a>
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</div></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Randomized Study to Evaluate Intranasal Dose of STI-2099 (COVI-DROPS™) in Outpatient Adults With Mild COVID-19 Infection</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: COVI-DROPS; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluating Safety, Tolerability, and Potential Efficacy of Intranasal AD17002 in Adults With Mild COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: AD17002; Biological: Placebo (Formulation buffer)<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Advagene Biopharma Co. Ltd.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Lymphatic Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine to Enhance Coronavirus (COVID-19) Vaccination Efficacy</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Other: Lymphatic OMM; Other: Light Touch<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Rowan University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy and Safety of Ergoferon for COVID-19 Prevention During Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Immunization Against COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Ergoferon; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Materia Medica Holding<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy of Home Inspiratory Muscle Training in Post-covid-19 Patients: a Randomized Clinical Trial</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Device: Inspiratory muscle training<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: <br/>
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Ph 2 Trial With an Oral Tableted COVID-19 Vaccine</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: VXA-CoV2-1.1-S; Other: Placebo Tablets<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Vaxart<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Impact of Nudges on Downloads of COVID-19 Exposure Notification Smartphone Apps: A Randomized Trial</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: Self-Benefit/Social Norm; Behavioral: Self- Benefit/No Social Norm; Behavioral: Other Benefit/Social Norm; Behavioral: Other Benefit/No Social Norm<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: University of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Department of Health<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Cardiovascular Assessment in Patient Recovered From COVID-19 and Recovery of Autonomic Nervous System in Association With the Severity of the Disease</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Other: Non invasive cardiovascular monitoring with CNAP device of arterial pressure, ECG and respiratory activity<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: IRCCS Policlinico S. Donato<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Protein Subunit Recombinant Vaccine</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: SARS-CoV-2 Protein Subunit Recombinant Vaccine; Biological: SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccine<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: PT Bio Farma; Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Safety and Tolerability Study of BDB-001 in Mild, Moderate COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: BDB-001 injection<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: <br/>
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Staidson (Beijing) Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd; Beijing Defengrui Biotechnology Co. Ltd<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Acetylsalicylic Acid in COVID-19 (ASA-SARS)</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: SARS-CoV2 Infection; Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Barcelona Institute for Global Health; Hospital Universitario de Torrejón,Madrid; Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor; Fundació Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Hospital del Mar; Hopsital Central de Maputo, Mozambique<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pulmonary Function in Patients Recovering From COVID19 Infection : a Pilot Study</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Diagnostic Test: diaphragm ultrasonography<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: University Hospital, Limoges<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety and Immunogenicity Study of Booster Vaccination With Medium-dosage or High-dosage SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccine for Prevention of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: High-dosage SARS-CoV-2 vaccine; Biological: Medium-dosage SARS-CoV-2 vaccine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Sinovac Biotech Co., Ltd<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of the Efficacy of Probiotics to Reduce the Occurrence of Long COVID</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Dietary Supplement: Probiotics; Dietary Supplement: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke; Lallemand Health Solutions<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Telerehabilitation in COVID-19 Survivors</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19; Telerehabilitation<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Other: telerehabilitation; Other: home exercise program; Other: informed program<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2-specific Humoral and Cell-mediated Immune Responses after Immunization with Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in Kidney Transplant Recipients (CVIM 1 Study)</strong> - Immunogenicity following inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among solid organ transplant recipients has not been assessed. Seventy-five patients (37 kidney transplant [KT] recipients and 38 healthy controls) received two doses, at 4-week intervals, of an inactivated whole-virus SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral (HMI) and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) were measured before, 4 weeks post-first dose, and 2 weeks post-second dose. The median (IQR) age of KT recipients was 50 (42-54)…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Small molecule interactions with the SARS-CoV-2 main protease: In silico all-atom microsecond MD simulations, PELE Monte Carlo simulations, and determination of in vitro activity inhibition</strong> - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. With some notable exceptions, safe and effective vaccines, which are now being widely distributed globally, have largely begun to stabilise the situation. However, emerging variants of concern and vaccine hesitancy are apparent obstacles to eradication. Therefore, the need for the development of potent antivirals is still of importance. In this context, the SARS-CoV-2 main protease…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Arglabin could target inflammasome-induced ARDS and cytokine storm associated with COVID-19</strong> - Arglabin (l(R),10(S)-epoxy-5(S),5(S),7(S)-guaia-3(4),ll(13)-dien-6,12-olide), is a natural sesquiterpene γ-lactone which was first isolated from Artemisia glabella. The compound has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of the NLR Family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and production of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. A more hydrophilic derivative of the compound also exhibited antitumor activity in the breast,…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Melatonin mitigates Chloroquine-induced defects in porcine immature Sertoli cells</strong> - Chloroquine (CQ) could function as a lysosomotropic agent to inhibit the endolysosomal trafficking in the autophagy pathway, and is widely used on malarial, tumor and recently COVID-19. However, the effect of CQ treatment on porcine immature Sertoli cells (iSCs) remains unclear. Here we showed that CQ could reduce iSC viability in a dose-dependent manner. CQ treatment (20 μM) on iSCs for 36h could elevate oxidative stress, damage mitochondrial function and promote apoptosis, which could be…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>In vitro induction of interleukin-8 by SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein is inhibited in bronchial epithelial IB3-1 cells by a miR-93-5p agomiR</strong> - One of the major clinical features of COVID-19 is a hyperinflammatory state, which is characterized by high expression of cytokines (such as IL-6 and TNF-α), chemokines (such as IL-8) and growth factors and is associated with severe forms of COVID-19. For this reason, the control of the “cytokine storm” represents a key issue in the management of COVID-19 patients. In this study we report evidence that the release of key proteins of the COVID-19 “cytokine storm” can be inhibited by mimicking the…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Anti-inflammatory effect of Kaba Sura Kudineer (AYUSH approved COVID-19 drug)-A Siddha poly-herbal formulation against lipopolysaccharide induced inflammatory response in RAW-264.7 macrophages cells</strong> - CONCLUSIONS: . Together, this study has proven that KSK could be a potential therapeutic drug for alleviating excessive inflammation in many inflammation-associated diseases like COVID-19.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in COVID-19: Theory, Initial Clinical Evidence, Potential Mechanisms, and Implications</strong> - CONCLUSION: While there is initial support for the use of Traditional Chinese Medicine for COVID-19, conclusions cannot be drawn to support its use as a replacement for conventional COVID-19 treatment, given the lack of high-quality evidence from strictly-designed randomized controlled trials. However, there is initial evidence suggesting that TCM may serve as an effective adjunct to conventional treatments in alleviating COVID-19 symptoms. More research is needed to confirm the efficacy and…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Structure and Dynamics of RNA Guanine Quadruplexes in SARS-CoV-2 Genome. Original Strategies against Emerging Viruses</strong> - Guanine quadruplex (G4) structures in the viral genome have a key role in modulating viruses’ biological activity. While several DNA G4 structures have been experimentally resolved, RNA G4s are definitely less explored. We report the first calculated G4 structure of the RG-1 RNA sequence of SARS-CoV-2 genome, obtained by using a multiscale approach combining quantum and classical molecular modeling and corroborated by the excellent agreement between the corresponding calculated and experimental…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Acetylation of H3K27 activated lncRNA NEAT1 and promoted hepatic lipid accumulation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via regulating miR-212-5p/GRIA3</strong> - Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was a world-wide health burden. H3K27 acetylation, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and miRNA were all implicated in NAFLD regulation, yet the detailed regulatory mechanism was not well understood. LncRNA NEAT1, miR-212-5p, and GRIA3 expression were detected both in high fatty acid-treated hepatocytes cells and NAFLD patients. Lipid droplets were stained and analyzed by oil red O staining. Expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl-CoA carboxylase…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Sweet Drugs for Bad Bugs: A Glycomimetic Strategy against the DC-SIGN-Mediated Dissemination of SARS-CoV-2</strong> - The C-type lectin receptor DC-SIGN is a pattern recognition receptor expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells. It has been identified as a promiscuous entry receptor for many pathogens, including epidemic and pandemic viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, Ebola virus, and HIV-1. In the context of the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, DC-SIGN-mediated virus dissemination and stimulation of innate immune responses has been implicated as a potential factor in the development of severe COVID-19. Inhibition of…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Replication by Hypertonic Saline Solution in Lung and Kidney Epithelial Cells</strong> - An unprecedented global health crisis has been caused by a new virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We performed experiments to test if a hypertonic saline solution was capable of inhibiting virus replication. Our data show that 1.2% NaCl inhibited virus replication by 90%, achieving 100% of inhibition at 1.5% in the nonhuman primate kidney cell line Vero, and 1.1% of NaCl was sufficient to inhibit the virus replication by 88% in human epithelial lung cell…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Characterization of Phytochemicals in Ulva intestinalis L. and Their Action Against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Receptor-Binding Domain</strong> - Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has caused a severe impact on almost all aspects of human life and economic development. Numerous studies are being conducted to find novel therapeutic strategies to overcome COVID-19 pandemic in a much effective way. Ulva intestinalis L. (Ui), a marine microalga, known for its antiviral property, was considered for this study to determine the antiviral efficacy against severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The algal sample…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evidence of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Memory B Cells Six Months After Vaccination With the BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines have demonstrated high efficacy and immunogenicity, but limited information is currently available on memory B cell generation and long-term persistence. Here, we investigated spike-specific memory B cells and humoral responses in 145 subjects, up to 6 months after the BNT162b2 vaccine (Comirnaty) administration. Spike-specific antibodies peaked 7 days after the second dose and significant antibody titers and ACE2/RBD binding inhibiting activity were still observed after…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>ORF3a Protein of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Inhibits Interferon-Activated Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Signaling via Elevating Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1</strong> - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a crisis to global public health since its outbreak at the end of 2019. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the pathogen of COVID-19, appears to efficiently evade the host immune responses, including interferon (IFN) signaling. Several SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins are believed to involve in the inhibition of IFN signaling. In this study, we discovered that ORF3a, an accessory protein of SARS-CoV-2, inhibited IFN-activated…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Integrin activation is an essential component of SARS-CoV-2 infection</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 infection depends on binding its spike (S) protein to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The S protein expresses an RGD motif, suggesting that integrins may be co-receptors. Here, we UV-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and fluorescently labeled the envelope membrane with octadecyl rhodamine B (R18) to explore the role of integrin activation in mediating cell entry and productive infection. We used flow cytometry and confocal microscopy to show that SARS- CoV-2^(R18) particles engage…</p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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<ul>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>스몰 RNA 검출 방법</strong> - 본 발명은 스몰(small) RNA의 분석 및 검출 방법에 관한 것이다. 특히, 본 발명은 짧은 염기서열의 RNA까지 분석이 가능하면서도 높은 민감도 및 정확도로 정량적 검출까지 가능하여 감염증, 암 등 여러 질환의 진단 용도로도 널리 활용될 수 있다. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=KR336674313">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>健康智能检测方法、装置、电子设备及可读存储介质</strong> - 本申请公开了一种健康智能检测方法、装置、电子设备及可读存储介质，其方法包括获取音频信号，并对所述音频信号进行预处理，得到检测信号；将所述检测信号转化为矩阵数字矩阵；将得到的矩阵数字矩阵作为检测样本，输入健康智能检测模型中，以获取检测结果；其中，所述健康智能检测模型是采用迁移学习和卷积神经网络对训练样本进行训练得到的。本申请由于卷积神经网络各组件或部分组件基于迁移学习进行了重新训练，显著提升了对人们健康检测的准确度；且本申请中的健康智能检测模型为分类模型，计算量小，可将其部署于人们的移动终端中，使用方便，极大程度上提升了用户的使用感受。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN337672106">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE TO ANALYSE THE CONDITION OF COVID-19 PATIENTS BASED ON THEIR SATURATION LEVELS</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU335054861">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>单克隆抗体32C7及其制备方法和用途</strong> - 本发明公开了单克隆抗体32C7及其制备方法和用途。本发明通过制备针对于新冠病毒RBD结构域的中和抗体32C7，在体外通过表面等离子共振检测抗体32C7可以有效地与新冠病毒的S蛋白的RBD结构域结合，通过转基因小鼠感染模型验证了抗体32C7的中和能力，测定了中和抗体32C7对于新冠感染后的肺部病毒滴度和相关炎症因子的抑制效果，结果显示该中和抗体能够明显的抑制病毒在体内的复制并降低炎症因子的产生和肺部炎症浸润。单克隆中和抗体32C7抑制新冠病毒的进入宿主细胞，达到新冠病毒中和抗体的治疗作用，可有效用于治疗或者预防新冠病毒感染引起的呼吸系统损伤。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN336730149">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>单克隆抗体35B5及其制备方法和用途</strong> - 本发明公开了单克隆抗体35B5及其制备方法和用途。本发明通过制备针对于新冠病毒RBD结构域的中和抗体35B5，在体外通过表面等离子共振检测抗体35B5可以有效地与新冠病毒的S蛋白的RBD结构域结合，通过转基因小鼠感染模型验证了抗体35B5的中和能力，测定了中和抗体35B5对于新冠感染后的肺部病毒滴度和相关炎症因子的抑制效果，结果显示该中和抗体能够明显的抑制病毒在体内的复制并降低炎症因子的产生和肺部炎症浸润。单克隆中和抗体35B5抑制新冠病毒的进入宿主细胞，达到新冠病毒中和抗体的治疗作用，可有效用于治疗或者预防新冠病毒感染引起的呼吸系统损伤。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN336730150">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A HERB BASED COMPOSITION ANTI VIRAL MEDICINE FOR TREATMENT OF SARS COV 2 AND A METHOD FOR TREATING A PERSON INFECTED BY THE SARS COV 2 VIRUS</strong> - A Herbal composition, viz., PONNU MARUNTHU essentially comprising of ALLUIUM CEPA extract. [concentrated to 30%] 75%, SAPINDUS MUKOROSSI - extract [Optimised] 10%, CITRUS X LIMON - extract in its natural form 05 TRACYSPERMUM AMMI (L) – extract 07%,ROSA HYBRIDA - extract 03%, PONNU MARUNTHU solution 50 ml, or as a capsulated PONNU MARUNTHU can be given to SARS cov2 positive Patients, three times a day that is ½ an hour before food; continued for 3 days to 5 days and further taking it for 2 days if need be there; It will completely cure a person. When the SARS cov2 test shows negative this medicine can be discontinued. This indigenous medicine and method for treating a person inflicted with SARS COV 2 viral infection is quite effective in achieving of much needed remedy for the patients and saving precious lives from the pangs of death and ensuring better health of people. - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=IN334865051">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>治疗或预防新冠病毒的靶点</strong> - 本发明提供一种蛋白片段，是如下至少一种：A1)氨基酸酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示；A2）氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1第12位‑34位所示；A3）将A1)的蛋白片段的第18、19、28和29位中的任意一个或几个氨基酸残基经过一个或几个氨基酸残基的取代、缺失、添加得到的与A1)所示的蛋白片段具有90％以上的同一性的蛋白片段；A4）氨基酸酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示；A5）氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2第32‑41位所示；A6）将A4)的蛋白片段的第35和36位中的任意1个或2个氨基酸残基经过一个或几个氨基酸残基的取代、缺失、添加得到的与A4)所示的蛋白片段具有90％以上的同一性的蛋白片段。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN336197499">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>以痘苗病毒为载体的新冠疫苗</strong> - 本申请涉及一种基于经过基因工程改造的痘苗病毒为载体的新型冠状病毒南非突变株疫苗。所述疫苗以A46R缺陷的痘苗病毒为载体携带新冠病毒南非突变株S基因核酸序列，所述痘苗病毒载体还可以携带IL‑21，该疫苗在免疫小鼠后可以产生针对新冠病毒南非突变株的抗体。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN337671415">link</a></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>氧化钛负载银单原子的材料在病毒消杀中的应用</strong> - 本发明属于生物医药领域，尤其涉及一种负载银单原子的材料在病毒消杀中的应用，所述氧化钛负载银单原子材料具有以下的结构：银单原子以单分散的形式，稳定地锚定于氧化钛的表面和/或骨架中，键合方式为Ti‑O‑Ag；银单原子的嵌合使Ag单原子和氧化钛的电子结构带隙范围为2.9‑3.2</p></li>
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</ul>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">eV；氧化钛负载银单原子材料具有较银纳米颗粒更加优异的催化活性，具有过氧化物酶活性，利用羟基自由基可高效破坏核酸和蛋白质的原理来实现广谱消杀病毒，银单原子的嵌合使Ag单原子和氧化钛的电子结构带隙变小，对可见光的敏感性更强，可将光照射下的光催化诱导光动力杀伤病毒。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN337671299">link</a></p>
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<li><strong>Anti-Sars-Cov-2 Neutralizing Antibodies</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU333857732">link</a></li>
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</ul>
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