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184 lines
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<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes" name="viewport"/>
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<title>23 December, 2022</title>
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<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
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<li><strong>Glyco-engineered pentameric SARS-CoV-2 IgMs show superior activities compared to IgG1 orthologues</strong> -
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<div>
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Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is the largest antibody isotype with unique features like extensive glycosylation and oligomerization. Major hurdles in characterizing its properties are difficulties in the production of well-defined multimers. Here we report the expression of two SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies in glycoengineered plants. Isotype switch from IgG1 to IgM resulted in the production of pentameric IgMs, comprising of correctly assembled 21 human protein subunits. All four recombinant monoclonal antibodies carried a highly reproducible human-type N-glycosylation profile, with a single dominant N-glycan species at each glycosite. Both pentameric IgMs exhibited increased antigen binding and virus neutralization potency, up to 390-fold, compared to the parental IgG1. Collectively, the results may impact on the future design of vaccines, diagnostics and antibody-based therapies and emphasize the versatile use of plants for the expression of highly complex human proteins with targeted posttranslational modifications.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.22.521646v1" target="_blank">Glyco-engineered pentameric SARS-CoV-2 IgMs show superior activities compared to IgG1 orthologues</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Stay away, Santa: Children’s beliefs about the impact of COVID-19 on real and fictional beings</strong> -
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<div>
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The COVID-19 pandemic has forced children to reckon with the causal relations underlying disease transmission. What are children’s theories of how COVID-19 is transmitted? And how do they understand the relation between COVID-19 susceptibility and the need for disease-mitigating behavior? We explored these questions in the context of children’s beliefs about supernatural beings, like Santa and the Tooth Fairy. Because these beings cannot be observed, children’s beliefs about the impact of COVID-19 on them must be based on their underlying theories of disease transmission and prevention rather than on experience. In Summer of 2020, N = 218 U.S. children between the ages of 3 and 10 (M = 81.2 months) were asked to rate supernatural beings’ susceptibility to COVID-19, and the extent to which these beings should engage in disease-mitigating behaviors, such as social distancing and mask wearing. Many children believed supernatural beings were susceptible to COVID-19. However, children rated the need for supernatural beings to engage in disease-mitigating behaviors as higher than the beings’ disease susceptibility, indicating a disconnect between their conceptions of the causal relations between disease-mitigating behavior and disease prevention. Children’s belief that a particular supernatural being could be impacted by COVID-19 was best predicted by the number of human-like properties they attributed to it, regardless of the child’s age. Together, these findings suggest that although young children fail to appreciate specific pathways of disease transmission, they nonetheless understand disease as a bodily affliction, even for beings whose bodies have never been observed.
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/dj37h/" target="_blank">Stay away, Santa: Children’s beliefs about the impact of COVID-19 on real and fictional beings</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Wastewater genomic surveillance captures early detection of Omicron in Utah</strong> -
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Wastewater-based epidemiology has emerged as a powerful public health tool to trace new outbreaks, detect trends in infection and provide an early warning of COVID-19 community spread. Here, we investigated the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections across Utah by characterizing lineages and mutations detected in wastewater samples. We sequenced over 1,200 samples from 32 sewersheds collected between November 2021 and March 2022. Wastewater sequencing confirmed the presence of Omicron (B.1.1.529) in Utah in samples collected on November 19, 2021, up to ten days before its corresponding detection via clinical sequencing. Analysis of diversity of SARS-CoV-2 lineages revealed Delta as the most frequently detected lineage during November, 2021 (67.71%), but it started declining in December, 2021 with the onset of Omicron (B.1.1529) and its sub-lineage BA.1 (6.79%). Proportion of Omicron increased to ~58% by January 4th 2022 and completely displaced Delta by February 7th, 2022. Wastewater genomic surveillance revealed the presence of Omicron sub-lineage BA.3, a lineage that is yet to be identified from clinical surveillance in Utah. Interestingly, several Omicron-defining mutations began to appear in early November, 2021 and increased in prevalence across sewersheds from December to January. Our study suggests that tracking epidemiologically relevant mutations is critical in detecting emerging lineages in the early stages of an outbreak. Wastewater genomic epidemiology provides an unbiased representation of community-wide infection dynamics and is an excellent complementary tool to SARS-CoV-2 clinical surveillance, with the potential of guiding public health action and policy decisions.
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</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.11.24.22282643v2" target="_blank">Wastewater genomic surveillance captures early detection of Omicron in Utah</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Molecular stratification of hospitalized COVID19 patients points to FGFR and SHC4-signaling in ARDS</strong> -
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
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A minority of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 will develop severe COVID-19 disease requiring invasive respiratory support associated with high mortality. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying severe pathology, we conducted an unsupervised stratification of the circulating proteome that identified six endophenotypes (EPs) among 731 SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive hospitalized participants in the Biobanque Québécoise de la COVID-19, with varying degrees of disease severity and times to intensive care unit (ICU) admission. One endophenotype, EP6, was associated with a greater proportion of ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and death. Clinical features of EP6 included increased levels of C-reactive protein, D-dimers, elevated neutrophils, and depleted lymphocytes. Proteomic, metabolomic, and genomic characterization supported a role for neutrophil-associated procoagulant activity in severe COVID-19 ARDS that is inversely correlated with sphinghosine-1 phosphate plasma levels. Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) and SH2-containing transforming protein 4 (SHC4) signaling were identified as molecular features associated with severe COVID-19. Mechanical ventilation in EP6 was associated with alterations in lipoprotein metabolism. Importantly, a prognostic model solely based on clinical laboratory measurements was developed and validated on 631 patients that generalizes the EPs to new patients and creates new opportunities for automated identification of high-risk groups in the clinic.
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</p>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.11.02.22281834v3" target="_blank">Molecular stratification of hospitalized COVID19 patients points to FGFR and SHC4-signaling in ARDS</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>A probabilistic approach for the study of epidemiological dynamics of infectious diseases: basic model and properties</strong> -
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The dynamics of epidemiological phenomena associated to infectious diseases have long been modelled with different approaches. However, recent pandemic events exposed many areas of opportunity to improve over the existing models. We develop a model based on the idea that transitions between epidemiological stages are alike sampling processes. Such processes may involve more than one subset of the pop- ulation (e.g. infection), or they may be mostly dependent on time intervals defined by infectious or clinical criteria. The resulting modelling scheme is robust, easy to implement, and can readily lend itself for extensions aimed at answering questions that emerge from close examination of data trends, such as those emerging from the COVID-19 pandemic, and other infectious diseases.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.08.16.22278844v2" target="_blank">A probabilistic approach for the study of epidemiological dynamics of infectious diseases: basic model and properties</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Reduced Olfactory Bulb Volume Accompanies Smelling Dysfunction After Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection: The Hamburg City Health Study COVID Program</strong> -
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<div>
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
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Background: Despite its high prevalence, the determinants of smelling impairment in COVID-19 remain opaque. Olfactory bulb volumetry has been previously established as a promising surrogate marker of smelling function in multiple otorhinolaryngological diseases. In this work, we aimed to elucidate the correspondence between olfactory bulb volume and the clinical trajectory of COVID-19-related smelling impairment. Therefore, we conducted a large-scale magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based investigation of individuals recovered from mainly mild to moderate COVID-19. Methods: Data of 233 COVID-19 convalescents from the Hamburg City Health Study COVID Program were analyzed. Upon recruitment, patients underwent cranial MR imaging and assessment of neuropsychological testing. Automated olfactory bulb volumetry was performed on T2-weighted MR imaging data. Olfactory function was assessed longitudinally after recruitment and at follow-up via a structured questionnaire. Follow-up assessment included quantitative olfactometric testing with Sniffin Sticks. Group comparisons of olfactory bulb volume and olfactometric scores were performed between individuals with and without smelling impairment. The associations of olfactory bulb volume and neuropsychological as well as olfactometric scores were assessed via multiple linear regression. Results: Longitudinal assessment demonstrated a declining prevalence of olfactory dysfunction from 67.6% at acute infection, 21.0% at baseline examination (on average 8.31 +- 2.77 months post infection) and 17.5% at follow-up (21.8 +- 3.61 months post infection). Participants with post-acute olfactory dysfunction had a significantly lower olfactory bulb volume [mm3] at scan-time than normally smelling individuals (mean +- SD, baseline: 40.76 +- 13.08 vs. 46.74 +- 13.66, f=4.07, p=0.046; follow-up: 40.45 +- 12.59 vs. 46.55 +- 13.76, f=4.50, p=0.036). Olfactory bulb volume successfully predicted olfactometric scores at follow-up (r_sp = 0.154, p = 0.025). Performance in neuropsychological testing was not significantly associated with the olfactory bulb volume. Conclusions: Our work demonstrates the association of smelling dysfunction and olfactory bulb integrity in a sample of individuals recovered from mainly mild to moderate COVID-19. Olfactory bulb volume was demonstrably lower in individuals with sustained smelling impairment and predicted smelling function longitudinally. Collectively, our results highlight olfactory bulb volume as a surrogate marker that may inform diagnosis and guide rehabilitation strategies in COVID-19.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.07.24.22277973v2" target="_blank">Reduced Olfactory Bulb Volume Accompanies Smelling Dysfunction After Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection: The Hamburg City Health Study COVID Program</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants evolved to promote further escape from MHC-I recognition</strong> -
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<div>
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SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) possess mutations that confer resistance to neutralizing antibodies within the Spike protein and are associated with breakthrough infection and reinfection. By contrast, less is known about the escape from CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity by VOC. Here, we demonstrated that all SARS-CoV-2 VOCs possess the ability to suppress MHC I expression. We identified several viral genes that contribute to the suppression of MHC I expression. Notably, MHC-I upregulation was strongly inhibited after SARS-CoV-2 infection in vivo. While earlier VOCs possess similar capacity as the ancestral strain to suppress MHC I, Omicron subvariants exhibit a greater ability to suppress surface MHC-I expressions. Collectively, our data suggest that, in addition to escape from neutralizing antibodies, the success of Omicron subvariants to cause breakthrough infection and reinfection may in part be due to its optimized evasion from T cell recognition.
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.490614v3" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants evolved to promote further escape from MHC-I recognition</a>
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<li><strong>Afraid of getting COVID-19 or of losing your job? How different COVID-19 related fears are related to media consumption and vaccination acceptance</strong> -
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<div>
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Although research showed that media consumption during COVID-19 is related to preventive behaviors, we know less about why people turn to quality or alternative media. We focus on the role of different fears. More specifically, we assumed that fears focusing on health threats were positively associated with the consumption of quality media and negatively with the consumption of tabloids and alternative media. We expected the opposite pattern for fears focusing on economic and societal threats, and that media consumption mediated the relationship between fears and vaccination acceptance. A survey among a representative sample of Germans (N = 1080) showed that the fears correlated as expected positively with the consumption of the respective media type. However, the predicted negative relationships turned often out as non-significant. The fears were differentially related to vaccination acceptance via media consumption, indicating the theoretical and practical value of differentiating between different types of fears.
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/jz7us/" target="_blank">Afraid of getting COVID-19 or of losing your job? How different COVID-19 related fears are related to media consumption and vaccination acceptance</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Quaranteens: Pre-pandemic relationship quality and changes in adolescent internalizing problems during the COVID-19 pandemic</strong> -
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<div>
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This preregistered longitudinal study examined changes in adolescents’ depressive and anxiety symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using latent piece-wise growth models. It also assessed whether perceived support from and conflict with mothers, fathers, siblings, and best friends could explain heterogeneity in these change patterns. 192 Dutch ethnic majority adolescents (Mean age 14.3 years; 68.8% female) completed online questionnaires every two weeks for a year (November 2019 to October 2020), which included a pre-pandemic, a lockdown, and a re-opening phase. During lockdown, depressive symptoms but not anxiety symptoms increased, and during re-opening, depressive and anxiety symptoms decreased. Heterogeneity in depressive and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic was not explained by pre-pandemic family and friend support and conflict.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/3bwg5/" target="_blank">Quaranteens: Pre-pandemic relationship quality and changes in adolescent internalizing problems during the COVID-19 pandemic</a>
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<li><strong>Common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) leaf extract efficiently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection in vitro</strong> -
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<div>
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As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a health risk concern to humans, despite a significant increase in vaccination rates, an effective prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV- 2 infection is being sought worldwide. Herbal medicines have been used for years and played a tremendous role in several epidemics of respiratory viral infections. Thus, they are considered as a promising platform to combat SARS-CoV-2. Previously, we reported that common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) leaf extract and its high molecular weight compounds strongly suppressed in vitro lung cell infection by SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614 and Delta variant pseudotyped lentivirus. We now here demonstrate that T. officinale extract protects against the most prominent Omicron variant using hACE2-TMPRSS2 overexpressing A549 cells as in vitro model system. Notably, compared to the original D614, and the Delta variant, we could confirm a higher efficacy. Short-term interval treatment of only 30 min was then sufficient to block the infection by 80% at 10 mg/mL extract. Further subfractionation of the extract identified compounds larger than 50 kDa as effective ACE2-Spike binding inhibitors. In summary, the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 virus to the highly transmissible Omicron variant did not lead to resistance, but rather increased sensitivity to the preventive effect of the extract.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.22.521558v1" target="_blank">Common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) leaf extract efficiently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection in vitro</a>
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<li><strong>Lipid Nanoparticle Composition Drives Delivery of mRNA to the Placenta</strong> -
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Ionizable lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have gained attention as mRNA delivery platforms for vaccination against COVID-19 and for protein replacement therapies. LNPs enhance mRNA stability, circulation time, cellular uptake, and preferential delivery to specific tissues compared to mRNA with no carrier platform. However, LNPs have yet to be developed for safe and effective mRNA delivery to the placenta as a method to treat placental dysfunction. Here, we develop LNPs that enable high levels of mRNA delivery to trophoblasts in vitro and to the placenta in vivo with no toxicity. We conducted a Design of Experiments to explore how LNP composition, including the type and molar ratio of each lipid component, drives trophoblast and placental delivery. Our data revealed that a specific combination of ionizable lipid and phospholipid in the LNP design yields high transfection efficiency in vitro. Further, we present one LNP platform that exhibits highest delivery of placental growth factor mRNA to the placenta in pregnant mice, which demonstrates induced protein synthesis and secretion of a therapeutic protein. Lastly, our high-performing LNPs have no toxicity to both the pregnant mice and fetuses. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of LNPs as a platform for mRNA delivery to the placenta. Our top LNPs may provide a therapeutic platform to treat diseases that originate from placental dysfunction during pregnancy.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.22.521490v1" target="_blank">Lipid Nanoparticle Composition Drives Delivery of mRNA to the Placenta</a>
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<li><strong>Targeting Spike Glycans to Inhibit SARS-CoV2 Viral Entry</strong> -
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SARS-CoV-2 Spike harbors glycans which function as ligands for lectins. Therefore, it should be possible to exploit lectins to target SARS-CoV-2 and inhibit cellular entry by binding glycans on the Spike protein. Burkholderia oklahomensis agglutinin (BOA) is an antiviral lectin that interacts with viral glycoproteins via N-linked high mannose glycans. Here, we show that BOA binds to the Spike protein and is a potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry at nanomolar concentrations. Using a variety of biophysical tools, we demonstrate that the interaction is avidity driven and that BOA crosslinks the Spike protein into soluble aggregates. Furthermore, using virus neutralization assays, we demonstrate that BOA effectively inhibits all tested variants of concern as well as SARS-CoV 2003, establishing that glycan-targeting molecules have the potential to be pan-coronavirus inhibitors.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.22.521642v1" target="_blank">Targeting Spike Glycans to Inhibit SARS-CoV2 Viral Entry</a>
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<li><strong>T-cell cellular stress and reticulocyte signatures, but not loss of naive T lymphocytes, characterize severe COVID-19 in older adults</strong> -
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<div>
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In children and younger adults up to 39 years of age, SARS-CoV-2 usually elicits mild symptoms that resemble the common cold. Disease severity increases with age starting at 30 and reaches astounding mortality rates that are ~330 fold higher in persons above 85 years of age compared to those 18-39 years old. To understand age-specific immune pathobiology of COVID-19 we have analyzed soluble mediators, cellular phenotypes, and transcriptome from over 80 COVID-19 patients of varying ages and disease severity, carefully controlling for age as a variable. We found that reticulocyte numbers and peripheral blood transcriptional signatures robustly correlated with disease severity. By contrast, decreased numbers and proportion of naive T-cells, reported previously as a COVID-19 severity risk factor, were found to be general features of aging and not of COVID-19 severity, as they readily occurred in older participants experiencing only mild or no disease at all. Single-cell transcriptional signatures across age and severity groups showed that severe but not moderate/mild COVID-19 causes cell stress response in different T-cell populations, and some of that stress was unique to old severe participants, suggesting that in severe disease of older adults, these defenders of the organism may be disabled from performing immune protection. These findings shed new light on interactions between age and disease severity in COVID-19.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.21.521463v1" target="_blank">T-cell cellular stress and reticulocyte signatures, but not loss of naive T lymphocytes, characterize severe COVID-19 in older adults</a>
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<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 RNA and viable virus contamination of hospital emergency department surfaces and association with patient COVID-19 status and aerosol generating procedures</strong> -
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Background: Infectious aerosols and droplets generated by SARS–CoV–2–positive patient aerosol generating procedures (AGPs), coughing, or exhalation could potentially contaminate surfaces, leading to indirect SARS–CoV–2 spread via fomites. Our objective was to determine SARS–CoV–2 surface contamination frequency in Emergency Department (ED) patient rooms with respect to patient SARS–CoV–2 status and AGP receipt. Methods: Swabs were collected from fixed surfaces or equipment in the rooms of patients under investigation for COVID–19 or known to be SARS–CoV–2–positive. Environmental swabs were tested for SARS–CoV–2 RNA by RTqPCR; RNA–positive samples were cultured in Vero E6 cells. Room contamination was also evaluated by clinical severity of COVID-19 and time since symptom onset. Results: In total, 202 rooms were sampled: 42 SARS–CoV–2–positive AGP patient rooms, 45 non–AGP SARS–CoV–2–positive patient rooms, and 115 SARS–CoV–2–negative AGP patient rooms. SARS–CoV–2 RNA was detected on 36 (3.6%) surfaces from 29 (14.4%) rooms. RNA contamination was detected more frequently in rooms occupied by non–AGP SARS–CoV–2–positive patients than SARS–CoV–2–positive AGP patients (28.9% vs 14.3%, p=0.078). Infectious virus was cultured from one non-AGP SARS–CoV–2–positive patient room. There was no significant difference in room positivity according to COVID–19 severity or time since symptom onset. Conclusion: SARS–CoV–2 RNA contamination of ED room surfaces was highest and most frequent in rooms occupied by SARS–CoV–2–positive patients who did not undergo an AGP, which may be attributable to disease stage and viral shedding; however, there was no difference in room contamination according to COVID–19 severity or time since symptom onset.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.22.22283816v1" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 RNA and viable virus contamination of hospital emergency department surfaces and association with patient COVID-19 status and aerosol generating procedures</a>
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<li><strong>An at-home and electro-free COVID-19 rapid test based on colorimetric RT-LAMP</strong> -
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Purpose: In the fight against virus-caused pandemics like COVID-19, the use of diagnostic tests based on RT-qPCR is essential but sometimes limited by their dependence on expensive, specialized equipment and skilled personnel. Consequently, an alternative nucleic acid detection technique that gets over these restrictions, called loop-mediated isothermal amplification following reverse transcription (RT-LAMP), has been broadly investigated. Nevertheless, the developed RT-LAMP assays for SARS-CoV-2 detection still require laboratory devices and are electrically dependent, limiting their widespread use as rapid home tests. In this work, a flexible RT-LAMP assay that gets beyond the drawbacks of the available isothermal LAMP-based SARS-CoV-2 detection was developed, establishing a simple and effective at-home diagnosis tool for COVID-19. Methods: A multiplex direct RT-LAMP assay modified from the previously developed test was applied to simultaneously identify the two genes of SARS-CoV-2. We used a colorimetric readout, lyophilized reagents, and benchmarked an electro-free and micropipette-free method that enables sensitive and specific detection of SARS-CoV-2 in home settings. Results: Forty-one nasopharyngeal swab samples were tested using the home-testing RT-LAMP (HT-LAMP) assay developed, showing 100% agreement with the RT-qPCR results. Conclusions: This is the first electrically independent RT-LAMP assay successfully developed for SARS-CoV-2 detection at home setting. Our HT-LAMP assay is thus an important development for diagnosing COVID-19 or any other infectious pandemic on a population scale.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.21.22283781v1" target="_blank">An at-home and electro-free COVID-19 rapid test based on colorimetric RT-LAMP</a>
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</div></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
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<ul>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study for Immunocompromised Patients for Pre Exposure Prophylaxis of COVID-19 With AZD5156.</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID 19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Placebo; Biological: AZD5156; Biological: AZD7442 (EVUSHELD™)<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: AstraZeneca<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>101-PGC-005 for the Treatment of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: 101-PGC-005; Drug: Dexamethasone<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: 101 Therapeutics<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Clinical Study to Assess Preliminary Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of HH-120 Nasal Spray in COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: HH-120 Nasal Spray<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Beijing Ditan Hospital<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Booster Study in Healthy Adults in Australia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Bivalent Moderna; Biological: Novavax<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio And Length of Stay In COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: N-acetyl cysteine<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Universitas Sebelas Maret<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Baldachin: Ceiling HEPA-filtration to Prevent Nosocomial Transmission of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Device: Baldachin<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: University Hospital Inselspital, Berne<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy and Safety of Ambervin® and Standard Therapy in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Tyrosyl-D-alanyl-glycyl-phenylalanyl-leucyl-arginine succinate intramuscularly; Drug: Tyrosyl-D-alanyl-glycyl-phenylalanyl-leucyl-arginine succinate inhaled; Drug: Standard of care<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Promomed, LLC<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study of GST-HG171/Ritonavir Compared With Placebo in Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19 Pneumonia<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: GST-HG171/Ritonavir; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Fujian Akeylink Biotechnology Co., Ltd.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A PhaseⅡ Study to Evaluate the Safety & Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha/Beta/Delta/Omicron Variants COVID-19 Vaccine</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19 Pandemic<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: SCTV01E; Biological: Placebo (normal saline)<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Sinocelltech Ltd.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>ICBT for Psychological Symptoms Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic Remaining After Societal Opening</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Behavioral: Internet-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Linkoeping University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effectiveness of Supportive Psychotherapy Through Internet-Based Teleconsultation on Psychological and Somatic Symptoms, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Heart Rate Variability in Post Covid-19 Syndrome Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Post-COVID-19 Syndrome<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Behavioral: Supportive Psychotherapy<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Indonesia University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Graphene Photothermal Adjuvant Therapy for Mild Corona Virus Disease 2019: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Device: Graphene spectrum light wave therapy room<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Southeast University, China; Hohhot First Hospital<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>ARVAC - A New Recombinant Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccine</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19 Vaccine<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: ARVAC-CG vaccine (recombinant protein vaccine against SARS-CoV-2)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Laboratorio Pablo Cassara S.R.L.; Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM); National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, Argentina<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The KIN-FAST Trial (KIN001 For Accelerated Symptoms Termination) in Non Hospitalized Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: KIN001; Drug: KIN001-Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Kinarus AG<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The COPE Study: Pilot Intervention to Improve Symptom Self-management and Coping in Adults With Post COVID</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Post COVID-19 Condition; Post-COVID-19 Syndrome<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Behavioral: 6-Week Self-Management Group<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: University of Washington<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
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<ul>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Visualization of early RNA replication kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 by using single molecule RNA-FISH</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Development of Fluorescence-Tagged SARS-CoV-2 Virus-like Particles by a Tri-Cistronic Vector Expression System for Investigating the Cellular Entry of SARS-CoV-2</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Nisoldipine Inhibits Influenza A Virus Infection by Interfering with Virus Internalization Process</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Structural Characteristics of Heparin Binding to SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein RBD of Omicron Sub-Lineages BA.2.12.1, BA.4 and BA.5</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Heparin Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Neutralizing Antibody and T-Cell Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Variants of Concern in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Subjects after ChAdOx-1/ChAdOx-1 Homologous Vaccination: A Preliminary Study</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antibodies Induced by Homologous or Heterologous Inactivated (CoronaVac/BBIBP-CorV) and Recombinant Protein Subunit Vaccines (ZF2001) Dramatically Enhanced Inhibitory Abilities against B.1.351, B.1.617.2, and B.1.1.529 Variants</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 and the Modulation of Inflammatory Responses by the Extract of <em>Lactobacillus sakei</em> Probio65</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Engagement of the G3BP2-TRIM25 Interaction by Nucleocapsid Protein Suppresses the Type I Interferon Response in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Cells</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of Immunogenicity and Clinical Protection of SARS-CoV-2 S1 and N Antigens in Syrian Golden Hamster</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Effects of Mangiferin on LPS-Induced Inflammation and SARS-CoV-2 Viral Adsorption in Human Lung Cells</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Enhanced Nasal Deposition and Anti-Coronavirus Effect of Favipiravir-Loaded Mucoadhesive Chitosan-Alginate Nanoparticles</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Biologic Functions of Hydroxychloroquine in Disease: From COVID-19 to Cancer</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Inhibitors of HIV-1 and Cathepsin L Proteases Identified from the Insect Gall of <em>Hypericum kouytchense</em></strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors Identified by Phenotypic Analysis of a Collection of Viral RNA-Binding Molecules</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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