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<title>10 December, 2022</title>
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<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
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<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
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<li><strong>UPHOLDING MULTILATERALISM: INDONESIA’S FOREIGN POLICY IN RESPONDING TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC</strong> -
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The 2019 Coronavirus disease or COVID-19 has apparently become a new global challenge. Not only did the pandemic drive all actors to make response, but it also affected the relations among them. That Indonesia raised multilateralism in the unprecedented situation while more unilateral or populist actions taken by a number of states encouraged this research. This paper attempts to explain Indonesia’s foreign policy in upholding multilateralism to respond to the COVID-19 during the first year of the pandemic. Such response was intended to mitigate the impacts caused by the pandemic. This research applied holistic constructivism in understanding the determinants of Indonesia’s foreign policy by investigating both domestic and international cause. This research utilized the qualitative method with an explanatory analysis. The findings show that such Indonesia’s foreign policy was driven by its identity constructed by both indigenous norm of gotong royong and global norm of International Health Regulation. The norm-laden or identity-based foreign policy was leading it to uphold multilateralism which was considered appropriate in order to coordinate, collaborate and cooperate with international communities. In addition, Indonesia maintained its trust on and support to the the World Health Organization as the most leading actor in health governance championing fight against the pandemic. This paper argues that the norm factors do matter in Indonesia’s foreign policy in facing uncertainties in the vulnerable and interconnected world. Through the case studied, this paper suggests that looking at the domestic actor as well as the state in international system help provide a better understanding on the state behavior in international relations.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/d3pht/" target="_blank">UPHOLDING MULTILATERALISM: INDONESIA’S FOREIGN POLICY IN RESPONDING TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>wastewaterSPAdes: SARS-CoV-2 strain deconvolution using SPAdes toolkit</strong> -
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<div>
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Motivation: SARS-CoV-2 wastewater samples are extensively collected and studied because it allows quantitatively assess a viral load in surrounding populations. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 strain deconvolution gives more insights into pandemic dynamics, and the uprising of new strains. Usually, the solution to the strain deconvolution problem starts with read alignment of wastewater short read sequencing data to the SARS-CoV-2 reference genome. After variants are called and their abundances are estimated, a reference database is used to assign variants to strains, select a subset of strains, and infer relative abundance of these strains based on some mathematical model. Assembly-based methods have its own strengths, but currently reside in the shadow of alignment-based methods. Results: In this paper we propose a new assembly-based approach based on SPAdes toolkit codebase - wastewaterSPAdes, that is able to deconvolve wastewater without a need of read alignment. Our results show that watewaterSPAdes is able to accurately identify strains presented in a sample, and correctly estimate abundances for most of the samples.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.08.519672v1" target="_blank">wastewaterSPAdes: SARS-CoV-2 strain deconvolution using SPAdes toolkit</a>
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<li><strong>Global loss of cellular m6A RNA methylation following infection with different SARS-CoV-2 variants</strong> -
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Host-viral interactions during SARS-CoV-2 infection are needed to understand COVID-19 pathogenesis and may help to guide the design of novel antiviral therapeutics. N6-methyladenosine modification (m6A), one of the most abundant cellular RNA modifications, regulates key processes in RNA metabolism during a stress response. Gene expression profiles observed post-infection with different SARS-CoV-2 variants show changes in the expression of genes related to RNA catabolism, including m6A readers and erasers. We found that infection with SARS-CoV-2 variants caused a loss of m6A in cellular RNAs, whereas m6A was detected abundantly in viral RNA. METTL3, the m6A methyltransferase, showed an unusual cytoplasmic localization post-infection. The B.1.351 variant had a less pronounced effect on METTL3 localization and loss of m6A than the B.1 and B.1.1.7 variants. We also observed a loss of m6A upon SARS-CoV-2 infection in air/liquid interface cultures of human airway epithelia, confirming that m6A loss is characteristic of SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. Further, transcripts with m6A modification were preferentially down-regulated post-infection. Inhibition of the export protein XPO1 resulted in the restoration of METTL3 localization, recovery of m6A on cellular RNA, and increased mRNA expression. Stress granule formation, which was compromised by SARS-CoV-2 infection, was restored by XPO1 inhibition and accompanied by a reduced viral infection in vitro. Together, our study elucidates how SARS-CoV-2 inhibits the stress response and perturbs cellular gene expression in an m6A-dependent manner.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.08.519593v1" target="_blank">Global loss of cellular m6A RNA methylation following infection with different SARS-CoV-2 variants</a>
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<li><strong>Biochemistry-informed design selects potent siRNAs against SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
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RNA interference (RNAi) offers an efficient way to repress genes of interest, and it is widely used in research settings. Clinical applications emerged more recently, with 5 approved siRNAs (the RNA guides of the RNAi effector complex) against human diseases. The development of siRNAs against the SARS-CoV-2 virus could therefore provide the basis of novel Covid-19 treatments, while being easily adaptable to future variants or to other, unrelated viruses. Because the biochemistry of RNAi is very precisely described, it is now possible to design siRNAs with high predicted activity and specificity using only computational tools. While previous siRNA design algorithms tended to rely on simplistic strategies (raising fully complementary siRNAs against targets of interest), our approach uses the most up-to-date mechanistic description of RNAi to allow mismatches at tolerable positions and to force them at beneficial positions, while optimizing siRNA duplex asymmetry. Our pipeline proposes 8 siRNAs against SARS-CoV-2, and ex vivo assessment confirms the high antiviral activity of 6 out of 8 siRNAs, also achieving excellent variant coverage (with several 3-siRNA combinations recognizing each correctly-sequenced variant as of September 2022). Our approach is easily generalizable to other viruses as long as a variant genome database is available. With siRNA delivery procedures being currently improved, RNAi could therefore become an efficient and versatile antiviral therapeutic strategy.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.08.519651v1" target="_blank">Biochemistry-informed design selects potent siRNAs against SARS-CoV-2</a>
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<li><strong>TMPRSS2 is essential for SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Omicron infection</strong> -
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The COVID-19 pandemic remains a global health threat and novel antiviral strategies are urgently needed. SARS-CoV-2 employs the cellular serine protease TMPRSS2 for entry into lung cells and TMPRSS2 inhibitors are being developed for COVID-19 therapy. However, the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, which currently dominates the pandemic, prefers the endo/lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin L over TMPRSS2 for cell entry, raising doubts whether TMPRSS2 inhibitors would be suitable for treatment of patients infected with the Omicron variant. Nevertheless, the contribution of TMPRSS2 to spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the infected host is largely unclear. Here, we show that loss of TMPRSS2 strongly reduced the replication of the Beta variant in nose, trachea and lung of C57BL mice and protected the animals from weight loss and disease. Infection of mice with the Omicron variant did not cause disease, as expected, but again TMPRSS2 was essential for ef-ficient viral spread in the upper and lower respiratory tract. These results identify a key role of TMPRSS2 in SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Omicron infection and highlight TMPRSS2 as an attractive target for antiviral intervention.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.09.519765v1" target="_blank">TMPRSS2 is essential for SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Omicron infection</a>
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<li><strong>Respiratory Virus Circulation during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Household Influenza Vaccine Evaluation (HIVE) Cohort</strong> -
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Background. The annual reappearance of respiratory viruses has been recognized for decades. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic altered typical respiratory virus transmission patterns. COVID-19 mitigation measures taken during the pandemic were targeted at SARS-CoV-2 respiratory transmission and thus broadly impacted the burden of acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs), in general. Methods. We used the longitudinal Household Influenza Vaccine Evaluation (HIVE) cohort of households in southeast Michigan to characterize mitigation strategy adherence, respiratory illness burden, and the circulation of 15 respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic determined by RT-PCR of respiratory specimens collected at illness onset. Study participants were surveyed twice during the study period (March 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021), and serologic specimens were collected for antibody measurement by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Incidence rates of ARI reports and virus detections were calculated and compared using incidence rate ratios for the study period and a pre-pandemic period of similar length. Results. Overall, 437 participants reported a total of 772 ARIs and 329 specimens (42.6%) had respiratory viruses detected. Rhinoviruses were the most frequently detected organism, but seasonal coronaviruses, excluding SARS-CoV-2, were also common. Illness reports and percent positivity were lowest from May to August 2020, when mitigation measures were most stringent. Study participants were more adherent to mitigation measures in the first survey compared with the second survey. Supplemental serology surveillance identified 5.3% seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 in summer 2020; 3.0% between fall 2020 and winter 2021; and 11.3% in spring 2021. Compared to a pre-pandemic period of similar length, the incidence rate of total reported ARIs for the study period was 50% lower (95% CI: 0.5, 0.6; p<0.001) than the incidence rate from March 1, 2016, to June 30, 2017. Conclusions. The burden of ARI in the HIVE cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic fluctuated, with declines occurring concurrently with the widespread use of public health measures. It is notable, however, that rhinovirus and seasonal coronaviruses continued to circulate even as influenza and SARS-CoV-2 circulation was low.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.08.22283268v1" target="_blank">Respiratory Virus Circulation during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Household Influenza Vaccine Evaluation (HIVE) Cohort</a>
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<li><strong>Duration of viral shedding of the Omicron variant in asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 cases from Shanghai, China</strong> -
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Background: The Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), designated as a variant of concern by the World Health Organization, spreads globally and was confirmed as the cause of the Omicron wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Shanghai, China. The viral shedding duration of Omicron variants needs to be determined. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 382 patients admitted to a shelter hospital for COVID-19. Of the patients, 8 patients were referred to a designated hospital, 100 were infected asymptomatic patients, and 274 patients had mild COVID-19. Results: The vaccination rates (including fully and boosted) in the asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 patients were 92.00% and 94.16%, respectively. Majority of the studied population showed a first reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction cycle threshold (Ct) value of 20. For 2565 nasopharyngeal swabs from close or sub-close contacts, the Ct value gradually increased to 35 for 8 days, and the median duration of viral shedding time was 10 days after the first positive detection of the SARS-CoV-2 nuclei acid. Conclusions: Quantitative viral RNA load assays in COVID-19 (BA.2.2.1) close or sub-closed contacts could be used to prevent transmissions and control precautions.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.08.22283272v1" target="_blank">Duration of viral shedding of the Omicron variant in asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 cases from Shanghai, China</a>
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<li><strong>Determinants for detection of infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants of concern in health care workers by rapid antigen tests</strong> -
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IMPORTANCE The rapid genetic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and in particular the highly contagious Omicron variant of concern (VoC) may pose problems for rapid and accurate diagnosis of infection especially in health care workers. OBJECTIVE Determine the diagnostic accuracy and robustness of two rapid antigen tests compared to the golden standard, PCR-based diagnostics, for detection of infection with different SARS-CoV-2 Omicron VoC sub lineages in health care workers. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The study included 428 health care workers from the University Hospital Munich Rechts der Isar who reported recent onset of COVID-19 associated symptoms or completed routine diagnostic testing from 24th of May to 22nd of September 2022. All participants gave written informed consent to participate in this study and completed a questionnaire on infection-associated symptoms, prior SARS-CoV-2 infections and vaccination status. INTERVENTIONS During the first visit, two nasal swabs were taken to perform two rapid antigen tests and one oropharyngeal swab for PCR-based diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. A second set of nasal swabs was taken by participants two days later for repeated performance of the two rapid antigen tests. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The accuracy for detection of infection with different SARS-CoV-2 Omicron VoCs with two rapid antigen tests (Test I and Test II) was determined and compared to quantitative SARS CoV-2 RNA levels detected by PCR. RESULTS In a side-by-side comparison, we found that Test I detected viral nucleocapsids from Omicron VoC (BA.5.2.3) at higher dilutions compared to Test II. In the study, that included a total of 428 health care workers, Test I and Test II detected PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection with different Omicron VoCs (BA.2, BA.4, BA.5) with a sensitivity of 89.4% (95% CI 81.9% - 94.6%) and of 83.7% (95% CI 75.12% - 90.18%), respectively. Increased sensitivity by Test I was also reflected by earlier detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and lesser test sensitivity by Test II was compensated for by a repeated test performed two days later. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The results from the study demonstrate the usefulness of rapid antigen tests for detection of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron VoC and reveal an advantage of a lower detection limit for earlier detection of infection in health care workers.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.08.22283259v1" target="_blank">Determinants for detection of infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants of concern in health care workers by rapid antigen tests</a>
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<li><strong>The impact of the pandemic on student Spanish language proficiency</strong> -
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In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, we continue to take stock of student learning. Although the “crisis-context” (Gacs, et al., 2020) move to fully online instruction may be over, a complete understanding of how student outcomes have been impacted remains. The present study focuses on how student Spanish language proficiency, as measured by the STAMP test, was affected by moving all on-ground language courses online in March 2020 at a small public university in the northeastern US. Comparing median student Spanish language proficiency as well as sub-level proficiencies in reading, writing, speaking, and listening skills across a total of 30 sections of a third-semester Spanish course (n=568) pre- and post-2020, we examined student learning outcomes based upon the modality of instruction. Results revealed a significant increase in students’ overall Spanish language proficiency and significant increases in sub-level proficiencies in three out of the four skills in the online modality. Thus, in spite of the many changes that took place as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, students’ Spanish language proficiencies were either positively impacted or unimpacted. We discuss the implications of these results and pose questions for on- ground and online language courses moving forward.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://edarxiv.org/g4qd8/" target="_blank">The impact of the pandemic on student Spanish language proficiency</a>
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<li><strong>The impact of age and psychosocial factors on cognitive and auditory outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic</strong> -
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Purpose: In March 2020, the UK government announced that people should isolate to reduce the spread of the virus that causes COVID-19. Outside a pandemic, psychosocial factors, such as socialisation and mental health, may impact the relationship between hearing loss and increased dementia risk. We aim to report the impact of psychosocial factors, including social isolation, depression, and engagement in activities, on hearing and cognitive function in younger and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A online survey and behavioural experiment assessed psychosocial factors, hearing, and cognition. Data presented were collected between June 2020 and February 2021. Participants included older (N = 112, MAGE = 70.08) and younger (N = 121, MAGE = 20.52) monolingual speakers of English, without any language or neurological disorders. Results: Multiple regression analyses indicated that older adults displayed poorer hearing and cognitive performance compared to younger adults, and that increased depression was associated with poorer subjective hearing. Other psychosocial factors did not significantly predict hearing or cognitive function. Conclusions: Our findings shed light on whether the relationship between hearing loss and cognitive decline is impacted by psychosocial factors. Ethical approval given by Lancaster University’s Faculty of Science and Technology (FST19175).
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/rqfjy/" target="_blank">The impact of age and psychosocial factors on cognitive and auditory outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic</a>
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<li><strong>Atlas-scale single-cell multi-sample multi-condition data integration using scMerge2</strong> -
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The recent emergence of multi-sample multi-condition single-cell multi-cohort studies allows researchers to investigate different cell states. The effective integration of multiple large-cohort studies promises biological insights into cells under different conditions that individual studies cannot provide. Here, we present scMerge2, a scalable algorithm that allows data integration of atlas-scale multi-sample multi-condition single-cell studies. We have generalised scMerge2 to enable the merging of millions of cells from single-cell studies generated by various single-cell technologies. Using a large COVID-19 data collection with over five million cells from 1000+ individuals, we demonstrate that scMerge2 enables multi-sample multi-condition scRNA-seq data integration from multiple cohorts and reveals signatures derived from cell-type expression that are more accurate in discriminating disease progression. Further, we demonstrate that scMerge2 can remove dataset variability in CyTOF, imaging mass cytometry and CITE-seq experiments, demonstrating its applicability to a broad spectrum of single-cell profiling technologies.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.08.519588v1" target="_blank">Atlas-scale single-cell multi-sample multi-condition data integration using scMerge2</a>
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<li><strong>Effect of BNT162b2 antigen dosage on protection against SARS-CoV-2 omicron infection</strong> -
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Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine antigen dosage may affect protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, but direct evidence to quantify this effect is lacking. Methods: A matched, retrospective, cohort study that emulated a randomized control trial was conducted in Qatar between February 3, 2022 and November 8, 2022, to provide a head-to-head, controlled comparison of protection induced by two antigen dosages of the BNT162b2 vaccine. The study compared incidence of omicron infection in the national cohort of adolescents 12 years of age who received the two-dose primary-series of the 30-μg BNT162b2 vaccine to that in the national cohort of adolescents 11 years of age who received the two-dose primary-series of the pediatric 10-μg BNT162b2 vaccine. Associations were estimated using Cox proportional-hazard regression models. Results: Among adolescents with no record of prior infection, cumulative incidence of infection was 6.0% (95% CI: 4.9-7.3%) for the 30-μg cohort and 7.2% (95% CI: 6.1-8.5%) for the 10-μg cohort, 210 days after the start of follow-up. Incidence during follow-up was dominated by omicron subvariants including, consecutively, BA.1/BA.2, BA.4/BA.5, BA.2.75*, and XBB. The adjusted hazard ratio comparing incidence of infection in the 30-μg cohort to the 10-μg cohort was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.60-0.98). Corresponding relative effectiveness was 23.4% (95% CI: 1.6-40.4%). Relative effectiveness was -3.3% (95% CI: -68.0-27.5%) among adolescents with a record of prior infection. Conclusions: Three-fold higher BNT162b2 dosage was associated with ~25% higher protection against infection in infection-naive adolescents of similar age. These findings may inform design of future COVID-19 vaccines and boosters for persons of different age groups.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.11.29.22282864v1" target="_blank">Effect of BNT162b2 antigen dosage on protection against SARS-CoV-2 omicron infection</a>
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<li><strong>Sample average treatment effect on the treated analysis using counterfactual explanation identifies BMT and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination as protective risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity and survival in patients with multiple myeloma</strong> -
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Patients with multiple myeloma (MM), an age-dependent neoplasm of antibody-producing plasma cells, have compromised immune systems and might be at increased risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes. This study characterizes risk factors associated with clinical indicators of COVID-19 severity and all-cause mortality in myeloma patients utilizing NCATS9 National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) database. The N3C consortium is a large, centralized data resource representing the largest multi-center cohort of COVID-19 cases and controls nationwide (>16 million total patients, and >6 million confirmed COVID-19+ cases to date). Our cohort included myeloma patients (both inpatients and outpatients) within the N3C consortium who have been diagnosed with COVID-19 based on positive PCR or antigen tests or ICD-10-CM diagnosis code. The outcomes of interest include all-cause mortality (including discharge to hospice) during the index encounter and clinical indicators of severity (i.e., hospitalization/emergency department/ED visit, use of mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)). Finally, causal inference analysis was performed using the propensity score matching (PSM) method. As of 05/16/2022, the N3C consortium included 1,061,748 cancer patients, out of which 26,064 were MM patients (8,588 were COVID-19 positive). The mean age at COVID-19 diagnosis was 65.89 years, 46.8% were females, and 20.2% were of black race. 4.47% of patients died within 30 days of COVID-19 hospitalization. Overall, the survival probability was 90.7% across the course of the study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed histories of pulmonary and renal disease, dexamethasone, proteasome inhibitor/PI, immunomodulatory/IMiD therapies, and severe Charlson Comorbidity Index/CCI were significantly associated with higher risks of severe COVID-19 outcomes. Protective associations were observed with blood-or-marrow transplant/BMT and COVID-19 vaccination. Further, multivariate cox proportional hazard analysis showed that high and moderate CCI levels, International Staging System (ISS) moderate or severe stage, and PI therapy were associated with worse survival, while BMT and COVID-19 vaccination were associated with lower risk of death. Finally, matched sample average treatment effect on the treated (SATT) confirmed the causal effect of BMT and vaccination status as top protective factors associated with COVID-19 risk among US patients suffering from multiple myeloma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest nationwide study on myeloma patients with COVID-19.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.07.22283208v1" target="_blank">Sample average treatment effect on the treated analysis using counterfactual explanation identifies BMT and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination as protective risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity and survival in patients with multiple myeloma</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries</strong> -
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<div>
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The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all domains of human life, including the economic and social fabric of societies. One of the central strategies for managing public health throughout the pandemic has been through persuasive messaging and collective behavior change. To help scholars better understand the social and moral psychology behind public health behavior, we present a dataset comprising of 51,404 individuals from 69 countries. This dataset was collected for the International Collaboration on Social Moral Psychology of COVID-19 project (ICSMP COVID-19). This social science survey invited participants around the world to complete a series of individual differences and public health attitudes about COVID-19 during an early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (between April and June 2020). The survey included seven broad categories of questions: COVID-19 beliefs and compliance behaviours; identity and social attitudes; ideology; health and well-being; moral beliefs and motivation; personality traits; and demographic variables. We report both raw and cleaned data, along with all survey materials, data visualisations, and psychometric evaluations of key variables.
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/a3562/" target="_blank">Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>The COVID States Project #96: State of the COVID-19 Pandemic</strong> -
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<div>
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KEY TAKEAWAYS 1. About half of American adults report having been infected with COVID-19 at some point, with 35% saying they have tested positive for COVID-19 before. 2. Individuals vaccinated against COVID-19 report being sick for fewer days than unvaccinated individuals. 3. Due to the underreported use of at-home rapid tests, the data on reported tests are missing a significant number of positive cases. 4. At least 5 in 6 American adults likely have some level of immunity to COVID-19, either through vaccination or previous infection. 5. A substantial majority of American adults have not received the bivalent booster shot, but a majority of those who have not say they plan to or are open to getting the shot. 6. Antiviral medications are not being heavily utilized, even among higher risk American adults. 7. One in nine American adults report having continued symptoms from COVID-19 more than two months post-infection. 8. Nearly half of American adults are still wearing masks, but only a quarter say they are very closely following the recommendation to wear a mask when outside of the home. 9. Only 28% of American adults have received their flu shot. 10. There is a strong correlation between getting the bivalent booster and getting a flu shot. However, just 1 in 10 American adults have received both shots.
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</div>
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/tz3a4/" target="_blank">The COVID States Project #96: State of the COVID-19 Pandemic</a>
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</div></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
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<ul>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Pilot Clinical Trial to Explore Efficacy and Safety of Pyramax in Mild to Moderate COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: Pyramax<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Shin Poong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Animation Supported COVID-19 Education</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19 Pandemic<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Other: Animation-Supported Education<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Siirt University<br/><b>Completed</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>CareSuperb COVID-19 Antigen Test Usability</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Device: CareSuperb COVID-19 Antigen Home Test Kit<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: AccessBio, Inc.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Huashi Baidu Formula Clinical Study</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Huashi Baidu Granule; Drug: Monapiravir<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing YouAn Hospital; Kossamak Hospital; Kamuzu University of Health Sciences<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Shaping Care Home COVID-19 Testing Policy</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Diagnostic Test: Lateral Flow Device<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: University College, London<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Asunercept for the Treatment of Patients With Moderate to Severe COVID-19 Disease</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Asunercept; Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Apogenix AG<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study in Adults to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Inhaled IBIO123, for Post-exposure Prophylaxis of COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: IBIO123; Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Immune Biosolutions Inc<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Feasibility and Usability of COVID-19 Antigen RDTs in Uganda</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19 Pandemic<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Diagnostic Test: PMC Sure Status COVID-19 Antigen Test; Diagnostic Test: Acon Flowflex COVID-19 Antigen Home Test<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: PATH<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Roles of Vitamin D and Microbiome in Children With Post-acute COVID-19 Syndromes (PACS) and Long COVID</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Post-acute COVID-19 Syndromes<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Other: Vitamin D; Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: China Medical University Hospital<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Learn About Bivalent COVID-19 RNA Vaccine Candidate(s) in Healthy Infants and Children</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Bivalent BNT162b2 (original/Omicron BA.4/BA.5) 3 microgram dose; Biological: Bivalent BNT162b2 (original/Omicron BA.4/BA.5) 6 microgram dose; Biological: Bivalent BNT162b2 (original/Omicron BA.4/BA.5) 10 microgram dose; Biological: Bivalent BNT162b2 (original/Omicron BA.4/BA.5) 1 microgram dose<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: BioNTech SE; Pfizer<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SUNRISE-3: Efficacy and Safety of Bemnifosbuvir in High-Risk Outpatients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: SARS CoV 2 Infection; COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Bemnifosbuvir (BEM); Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Atea Pharmaceuticals, Inc.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluation of an Integrative Medicine Outpatient Clinical Setting for Post-COVID-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: COVID-19; Fatigue<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Behavioral: outpatient clinic with multimodal integrative medicine and naturopathy for post-COVID-19 patients; Other: waiting group<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Universität Duisburg-Essen<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Variant (BA.4 /5) mRNA Vaccine</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: ABO1020; Biological: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Suzhou Abogen Biosciences Co., Ltd.<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Efficacy of Azvudine and Paxlovid in High-risk Patients With COVID-19: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: SARS-CoV-2 Infection<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Azvudine; Drug: Paxlovid group<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Southeast University, China; Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Post-COVID-19 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome</strong> - <b>Conditions</b>: Post-COVID-19 Syndrome; Post-COVID Syndrome<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: Synthetic Vitamin B1<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: ClinAmygate; As-Salam Center, Maadi, Cairo, Egypt<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
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<ul>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Potential therapeutic value of necroptosis inhibitor for the treatment of COVID-19</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Influence of online opinions and interactions on the Covid-19 vaccination in Chile</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Engineering antiviral immune-like systems for autonomous virus detection and inhibition in mice</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 Spike triggers barrier dysfunction and vascular leak via integrins and TGF-β signaling</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Cross-reaction of current available SARS-CoV-2 MAbs against the pangolin-origin coronavirus GX/P2V/2017</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Biochemical and structural insights into SARS-CoV-2 polyprotein processing by Mpro</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Small-molecule metabolites in SARS-CoV-2 treatment: a comprehensive review</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>To prophylax or not, and how much and how long? Controversies in VTE prevention for medical inpatients, including COVID-19 inpatients</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A perspective study of the possible impact of obeticholic acid against SARS-CoV-2 infection</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>What do we know about the renin angiotensin system and inflammatory bowel disease?</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors in COVID-19: Beyond glycemic control</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Calpain-2 mediates SARS-CoV-2 entry and represents a therapeutic target</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 instigates adipose browning and atrophy through VEGF in small mammals</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Phenothiazines inhibit SARS-CoV-2 cell entry via a blockade of spike protein binding to neuropilin-1</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Inhibitory activities of alginate phosphate and sulfate derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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