213 lines
56 KiB
HTML
213 lines
56 KiB
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<style type="text/css">code{white-space: pre;}</style>
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<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
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<li><strong>Transfer Learning for COVID-19 Pneumonia Detection and Classification in Chest X-ray Images</strong> -
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We introduce a deep learning framework that can detect COVID-19 pneumonia in thoracic radiographs, as well as differentiate it from bacterial pneumonia infection. Deep classification models, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), require large-scale datasets in order to be trained and perform properly. Since the number of X-ray samples related to COVID-19 is limited, transfer learning (TL) appears as the go-to method to alleviate the demand for training data and develop accurate automated diagnosis models. In this context, networks are able to gain knowledge from pretrained networks on large-scale image datasets or alternative data-rich sources (i.e. bacterial and viral pneumonia radiographs). The experimental results indicate that the TL approach outperforms the performance obtained without TL, for the COVID-19 classification task in chest X-ray images.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.14.20248158v1" target="_blank">Transfer Learning for COVID-19 Pneumonia Detection and Classification in Chest X-ray Images</a>
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<li><strong>Risk of Stress/Depression and Functional Impairment in Denmark Immediately Following a COVID-19 Shutdown</strong> -
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Background This study aimed to investigate the impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown (March-April 2020) on risk for stress/depression and functional impairment in a representative sample of adult individuals in Denmark, and whether the impact of lockdown was heterogeneous across living situation. Methods: Using a representative, randomly drawn sample from the complete Danish adult population interviewed in March 2 to April 13, 2020 (n=2,836) and again in July 2020 (n=1,526, 54% retention rate), we study how the imposed lockdown announced March 11 following the onset of the first Danish wave of COVID-19 infections affected mental wellbeing. We use the World Health Organization Five Well-being Index (WHO-5) and the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) to capture wellbeing and functioning. Using covariate adjusted ordinary least squares linear probability models and exploiting variation in the timing of responses occurring just before and just after the introduction of lockdown, we compare respondents before lockdown to respondents that answered during lockdown, as well to answers in re-interviews in July. Results: We find reduced depressive symptoms among adults immediately after the shutdown, concentrated in adults with children living at home. Measures of functional impairment also decline immediately after the March shutdown among adults with children living at home. Impairment intensified for the entire sample between March and July, but depressive symptoms remained at lower rate in July. Conclusions: Findings in Denmark indicate that living with children at home may have, in the short term, buffered the potential mental health sequelae of the COVID-19 shutdown.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.15.20248251v1" target="_blank">Risk of Stress/Depression and Functional Impairment in Denmark Immediately Following a COVID-19 Shutdown</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>It makes you realise your own mortality: A qualitative study on mental health of older adults in the UK during COVID-19</strong> -
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Background: Older adults have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19, with high fatalities and health complications reported. Adults over the age of 70 in the UK were advised to self-isolate for 3 months early during the pandemic and it is unclear which factors influenced their experiences during this time. Objective: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore factors that threatened and protected the wellbeing of older adults living in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We undertook semi-structured interviews with 20 adults aged over 70. Purposive sampling methods were used to increase diversity within the group. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Participants were aged 72-93, 9 women and 11 men, 80% were White British, 40% lived alone. We identified 2 superordinate themes, including (1) Threats to wellbeing: mortality concerns, grief and loss of normal life, restricted health service access, COVID-19 concerns, and restricted access to activities that protect wellbeing. (2) Factors protective of wellbeing: slower pace of life, maintaining routine, socialising, and use of past coping skills. Many participants drew on their resilience and life experience to self-manage fear and uncertainty associated with the pandemic, using their time during lockdown to reflect or organise end-of-life affairs. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that while older adults experienced challenges, many were resilient against COVID-19 restrictions despite early concerns of mental health consequences. Our findings highlight the importance of maintaining access to essentials to promote feelings of normality and social support to help reduce uncertainty in times of pandemics.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.15.20248238v1" target="_blank">It makes you realise your own mortality: A qualitative study on mental health of older adults in the UK during COVID-19</a>
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<li><strong>Diagnostic accuracy of Loop mediated isothermal amplification coupled to Nanopore sequencing for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection at scale in symptomatic and asymptomatic populations</strong> -
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Introduction: Rapid, high throughput diagnostics are a valuable tool, allowing the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in populations, in order to identify and isolate people with asymptomatic and symptomatic infections. Reagent shortages and restricted access to high throughput testing solutions have limited the effectiveness of conventional assays such as reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RTqPCR), particularly throughout the first months of the pandemic. We investigated the use of LamPORE, where loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is coupled to nanopore sequencing technology, for the detection of SARS CoV 2 in symptomatic and asymptomatic populations. Methods: In an asymptomatic prospective cohort; health care workers across four sites (Birmingham, Southampton, Basingstoke and Manchester) self swabbed with nasopharyngeal swabs weekly for three weeks and supplied a saliva specimen daily. These samples were tested for SARS CoV 2 RNA using the Oxford Nanopore LamPORE system and a reference RTqPCR assay on extracted sample RNA. A second retrospective cohort of 848 patients with influenza like illness from March 2020 to June 2020, were similarly tested from nasopharyngeal swabs. Results: In the asymptomatic cohort a total of 1200 participants supplied 23,427 samples (3,966 swab, 19,461 saliva) over a three-week period. The incidence of SARS CoV 2 was 0.95% using LamPORE. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity was > 99.5% in both swab and saliva asymptomatic samples as compared to the reference RTqPCR test. In the retrospective symptomatic cohort, the incidence was 13.4% and the sensitivity and specificity were 100%. Conclusions: LamPORE is a highly accurate methodology for the detection of SARS CoV 2 in both the symptomatic and asymptomatic population settings and can be used as an alternative to RTqPCR.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.15.20247031v1" target="_blank">Diagnostic accuracy of Loop mediated isothermal amplification coupled to Nanopore sequencing for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection at scale in symptomatic and asymptomatic populations</a>
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<li><strong>Risk factors, symptom reporting, healthcare-seeking behaviour and adherence to public health guidance: protocol for Virus Watch, a prospective community cohort study</strong> -
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Introduction: The Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic has caused significant global mortality and impacted lives around the world. Virus Watch aims to provide evidence on which public health approaches are most likely to be effective in reducing transmission and impact of the virus, and will investigate community incidence, symptom profiles, and transmission of COVID-19 in relation to population movement and behaviours. Methods and analysis: Virus Watch is a household community cohort study of acute respiratory infections in England & Wales and will run from June 2020 to Sept 2021. The study aims to recruit 42,500 people, including 12,500 from minority ethnic backgrounds, for an online survey cohort. Nested within this larger study will be a sub-cohort of 10,000 individuals, including 3,000 people from minority ethnic backgrounds. This cohort of 10,000 people will have full blood serology taken between October 2020 and January 2021 and repeat serology between May 2021 and August 2021. Participants will also post self-administered nasal swabs for PCR assays of SARS-CoV-2 and will follow one of three different PCR testing schedules based upon symptoms. Ethics and dissemination: This study has been approved by the Hampstead NHS Health Research Authority Ethics Committee. Ethics approval number - 20/HRA/2320. We are monitoring participant queries and using these to refine methodology where necessary, and are providing summaries of our preliminary findings to inform public health action by working through partnerships with our study advisory group, Public Health England, NHS and Government Scientific Advisory panels.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.15.20248254v1" target="_blank">Risk factors, symptom reporting, healthcare-seeking behaviour and adherence to public health guidance: protocol for Virus Watch, a prospective community cohort study</a>
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<li><strong>Development of a Rapid Point-Of-Care Test that Measures Neutralizing Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2</strong> -
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As increasing numbers of people recover from and are vaccinated against COVID-19, tests are needed to measure levels of protective, neutralizing antibodies longitudinally to help determine duration of immunity. We developed a lateral flow assay (LFA) that measures levels of neutralizing antibodies in plasma, serum or whole blood. The LFA is based on the principle that neutralizing antibodies inhibit binding of the spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The test classifies high levels of neutralizing antibodies in sera that were titered using authentic SARS-CoV-2 and pseudotype neutralization assays with an accuracy of 98%. Sera obtained from patients with seasonal coronavirus did not prevent RBD from binding to ACE2. As a demonstration for convalescent plasma therapy, we measured conversion of non-immune plasma into strongly neutralizing plasma. This is the first report of a neutralizing antibody test that is rapid, highly portable and relatively inexpensive that might be useful in assessing COVID-19 vaccine immunity.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.15.20248264v1" target="_blank">Development of a Rapid Point-Of-Care Test that Measures Neutralizing Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2</a>
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<li><strong>Common genetic variants identify therapeutic targets for COVID-19 and individuals at high risk of severe disease</strong> -
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The need to identify and effectively treat COVID-19 cases at highest risk for severe disease is critical. We identified seven common genetic variants (three novel) that modulate COVID-19 susceptibility and severity, implicating IFNAR2, CCHCR1, TCF19, SLC6A20 and the hyaluronan pathway as potential therapeutic targets. A high genetic burden was strongly associated with increased risk of hospitalization and severe disease among COVID-19 cases, especially among individuals with few known risk factors.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.14.20248176v1" target="_blank">Common genetic variants identify therapeutic targets for COVID-19 and individuals at high risk of severe disease</a>
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<li><strong>Large differences in community COVID-19 testing across geographic areas in a Swedish region with 385,000 inhabitants</strong> -
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Background Sufficient community testing for suspected COVID-19 regardless of residential area is essential for a successful test-trace-isolate strategy. Aim This study aimed to elucidate area level characteristics linked to testing rates. Methods Free-of-charge diagnostic tests (PCR) of SARS-CoV-2 was made available to the general public in late June 2020 in Uppsala County, Sweden, at four main test stations, and to a lesser extent at other health care units. We analysed 35,794 tests performed on individuals from 346 postal codes, from 24 June to 12 October 2020. Results We observed varying testing rates across postal code areas within Uppsala City as well as in Uppsala County. Testing rates were lower in areas characterized by longer distance to the nearest test station, lower neighbourhood deprivation index indicating higher deprivation (NDI) and higher proportion of inhabitants with foreign background. Multivariable regression models could not separate influences of foreign background and NDI on COVID-19 testing rates as these were collinear. Further, we did not detect any association between COVID-19 hospitalization rates and testing rates, indicating that underlying community infection rates did not substantially affect test frequency during this period. Conclusion We observed that testing rates were associated with distance to test station and socioeconomic and demographic circumstances. As lower testing rates can contribute to inequity in pandemic health effects, there is an urgent need to ensure adequate test accessibility in all parts of society.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.15.20248247v1" target="_blank">Large differences in community COVID-19 testing across geographic areas in a Swedish region with 385,000 inhabitants</a>
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<li><strong>Predicting the need for escalation of care or death from repeated daily clinical observations and laboratory results in patients with SARS-CoV-2 during 2020: a retrospective population-based cohort study from the United Kingdom</strong> -
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Objectives: Currently used prognostic tools for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection are based on clinical and laboratory parameters measured at a single point in time, usually on admission. We aimed to determine how dynamic changes in clinical and laboratory parameters relate to SARS-CoV-2 prognosis. Design: retrospective, observational cohort study using routinely collected clinical data to model the dynamic change in prognosis of SARS-CoV-2. Setting: a single, large hospital in England. Participants: all patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 admitted to Nottingham University Hospitals (NUH) NHS Trust, UK from 1st February 2020 until 30th November 2020. Main outcome measures: Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, death and discharge from hospital. Statistical Methods: We split patients into 1st (admissions until 30th June) and 2nd (admissions thereafter) waves. We incorporated all clinical observations, blood tests and other covariates from electronic patient records and follow up until death or 30 days from the point of hospital discharge. We modelled daily risk of admission to ICU or death with a time varying Cox proportional hazards model. Results: 2,964 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 were included. Of 1,374 admitted during the 1st wave, 593 were eligible for ICU escalation, and 466 had near complete ascertainment of all covariates at admission. Our validation sample included 1,590 confirmed cases, of whom 958 were eligible for ICU admission. Our model had good discrimination of daily need for ICU admission or death (C statistic = 0.87 (IQR 0.85-0.90)) and predicted this daily prognosis better than previously published scores (NEWS2, ISCARIC 4C). In validation in the 2nd wave the score overestimated escalation (calibration slope 0.55), whilst retaining a linear relationship and good discrimination (C statistic = 0.88 (95% CI 0.81 -0.95)). Conclusions: A bespoke SARS-CoV-2 escalation risk prediction score can predict need for clinical escalation better than a generic early warning score or a single estimation of risk at admission.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.14.20248181v1" target="_blank">Predicting the need for escalation of care or death from repeated daily clinical observations and laboratory results in patients with SARS-CoV-2 during 2020: a retrospective population-based cohort study from the United Kingdom</a>
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<li><strong>Association Between Sampling Method and Covid-19 Test Positivity Among Undergraduate Students: Testing Friendship Paradox in Covid-19 Network of Transmission</strong> -
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In November 2020, we conducted a cross sectional study to implement and test the method of acquaintance sampling (randomly sampling friends of randomly sampled individuals) in detecting students with higher probability of COVID-19 positivity. Overall, 879 students were randomly sampled and participated in this study. In an online survey, the randomly sampled participants nominated a friend, and reported their own and their nominated friend9s COVID-19 status. Nominated friends were about 1.64 (95% CI: 1.33, 2.00) times more likely to have ever been infected with COVID-19, compared to randomly sampled students. Our study corroborates the effectiveness of acquaintance sampling for identifying members of networks with higher COVID-19 risk. These findings could be useful for university policy makers when developing mitigation testing programs and intervention strategies against COVID-19 spread.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.14.20248144v1" target="_blank">Association Between Sampling Method and Covid-19 Test Positivity Among Undergraduate Students: Testing Friendship Paradox in Covid-19 Network of Transmission</a>
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<li><strong>Mental and social health of children and adolescents with pre-existing mental or somatic problems during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown</strong> -
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Background: The COVID-19 lockdown increases psychological problems in children and adolescents from the general population. Here we investigate the mental and social health during the COVID-19 lockdown in children and adolescents with pre-existing mental or somatic problems. Method: We included participants (8-18 years) from a psychiatric (N = 249) and pediatric (N = 90) sample, and compared them to a general population sample (N = 844). Measures were assessed during the first lockdown (April-May 2020) in the Netherlands. Main outcome measures were Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) domains: Global Health, Peer Relationships, Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, Anger, and Sleep-Related Impairment. Additionally, socio-demographic variables, COVID-19-related questions, changes in atmosphere at home from a parent and child perspective, and children9s experiences of lockdown regulations were assessed. Results: On all measures except Global Health, the pediatric sample reported least problems. The psychiatric sample reported significantly more problems than the general population sample on all measures except for Anxiety and Peer Relationships. Having a COVID-19 affected friend/relative and a COVID-19 related change in work situation negatively moderated outcome, but not in the samples with pre-existing problems. All parents reported significant decreases in atmosphere at home, as did children from the general population. Conclusion: We observed significant differences in mental and social health between three child and adolescent samples during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown and identified COVID-19-related factors influencing mental and social health. Our findings contribute to current and future policies during pandemic related lockdowns regarding the mental and social health of children and adolescents.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.15.20248237v1" target="_blank">Mental and social health of children and adolescents with pre-existing mental or somatic problems during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown</a>
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<li><strong>Vaccine Prioritisation Using Bluetooth Exposure Notification Apps</strong> -
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The results of COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials suggest that an end to the pandemic is within reach. However, public health authorities worldwide are faced with the difficult task of prioritizing their allocation. Theory indicates that prioritizing vaccination of individuals with more contacts can be disproportionately effective. However, implementation of such strategies has been hampered by inability to determine population contact structure. One of the novel tools introduced during the pandemic has been the use of Bluetooth technology to assist in contact tracing and exposure notification. Here we show that the technology underlying these Bluetooth exposure notification applications can be leveraged to efficiently prioritise vaccine allocation. Our approach is based on the insight that these apps also act as local sensing devices measuring each user9s total exposure time to other app users, thereby enabling the implementation of a previously impossible vaccine strategy that prioritises potential super-spreaders based on total exposure time. To compare vaccination strategies we introduce a novel and widely generalizable measure of vaccination efficiency. By extending percolation theory we furthermore demonstrate that our proposed 99hot-spotting" strategy can achieve herd immunity with less than half as many vaccines as distributing the vaccines uniformly in the population.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.14.20248186v1" target="_blank">Vaccine Prioritisation Using Bluetooth Exposure Notification Apps</a>
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<li><strong>Mathematical model for the mitigation of the economic effects of Covid-19 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo</strong> -
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A mathematical model of the spread of the Covid-19 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo taking into account the vulnerability of the economy is proposed. The reproduction number of the Covid-19 is calculated and numerical simulations are performed using Python software. Clear advice for the policymakers is deduced from the forecasting of the model.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.14.20248182v1" target="_blank">Mathematical model for the mitigation of the economic effects of Covid-19 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo</a>
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<li><strong>Rapid processing of SARS-CoV-2 containing specimens for direct RT-PCR</strong> -
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Widespread diagnostic testing is needed to reduce transmission of COVID-19 and manage the pandemic. Effective mass screening requires robust and sensitive tests that reliably detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus, including asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic infections with a low viral count. Currently, the most accurate tests are based on detection of viral RNA by RT-PCR. We developed a method to process COVID-19 specimens that simplifies and increases the sensitivity of viral RNA detection by direct RT-qPCR, performed without RNA purification. In the method, termed Alkaline-Glycol Processing (AG processing), a SARS-CoV-2-containing biological specimen, such as saliva or a swab-collected suspension, is processed at pH 12.2 to 12.8 for 5 min at room temperature. An aliquot of the AG-processed specimen is used for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by direct RT-qPCR. AG processing effectively lyses viruses and reduces the effect of inhibitors of RT-PCR that are present in biological specimens. The sensitivity of detecting viral RNA using AG processing is on par with methods that include a viral RNA purification step. One copy of SARS-CoV-2 virus per reaction, equivalent to 300 copies per ml of saliva, is detectable in the AG-processed saliva. The LOD calculated following U.S. FDA guidelines is 600 viral copies per ml of initial saliva specimen. AG processing works with saliva specimens or swab specimens collected into Universal Transport Medium (UTM), is compatible with heat treatment, and was confirmed to work with a range of CDC-approved RT-qPCR products and kits. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using AG processing with direct RT-qPCR provides a reliable and scalable diagnostic test for COVID-19 that can be integrated into a range of workflows, including automated settings.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.14.20248183v1" target="_blank">Rapid processing of SARS-CoV-2 containing specimens for direct RT-PCR</a>
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<li><strong>The Presence of Ambulatory Hypoxia as an Early Predictor of Moderate to Severe COVID-19 Disease</strong> -
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Importance: The development and importance of ambulatory hypoxia in COVID-19 is unknown. The presence of ambulatory hypoxia may help risk-stratify hospitalized patients with COVID-19. If sufficient lead-time exists between development of ambulatory hypoxia and other outcome measures, interventions might be initiated earlier. Objective: To determine the association of ambulatory hypoxia with the eventual need for nasal cannula or advanced oxygenation therapies (defined as use of high flow nasal cannula, Bi-PAP, ventilator, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation). Design: Retrospective, observational study of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from March 1, 2020 to October 30, 2020. Setting: Ten hospitals in an integrated academic medical system (Northwestern Medicine) in the Chicagoland area. Participants: Adult patients (age > 18) hospitalized for COVID-19 who had ambulatory oximetry measured. Intervention(s) / Exposure(s): Ambulatory oximetry measurement. Main outcomes and measures: The association of ambulatory hypoxia with subsequent use of nasal cannula and advanced oxygen therapies and the time between ambulatory hypoxia and need for these oxygen therapies. Patients who had ambulatory oximetry measurements after use of nasal cannula or advanced oxygen therapies were excluded. Results: Of 531 patients with ambulatory oximetry measured, 132 (24.9%) had ambulatory hypoxia. Presence of ambulatory hypoxia was strongly associated with subsequent use of nasal cannula (OR 4.8, 95% CI 2.8 - 8.4) and advanced oxygen therapy (IRR 7.7, 95% CI 3.4 - 17.5). Ambulatory hypoxia measurement preceded nasal cannula use by a median 12.5 hours [IQR 3.25, 29.25] and advanced oxygenation therapies by 54 hours [IQR 25, 82]. Conclusion and Relevance: Ambulatory hypoxia is associated with moderate to severe COVID-19. It may serve as an early, non-invasive physiologic marker for the likelihood of developing moderate to severe disease and help clinicians triage patients and initiate earlier interventions.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.14.20248209v1" target="_blank">The Presence of Ambulatory Hypoxia as an Early Predictor of Moderate to Severe COVID-19 Disease</a>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Evaluating Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Benefit of Silmitasertib (CX-4945) in Subjects With Moderate COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Silmitasertib; Drug: SOC<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Chris Recknor, MD<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Convalescent Plasma for Treatment of COVID-19: An Open Randomised Controlled Trial</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasma; Other: Standard of care<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Joakim Dillner; Karolinska Institutet; Danderyd Hospital; Falu Hospital<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Phase II / III Study of COVID-19 DNA Vaccine (AG0302-COVID19)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: Group A (AG0302-COVID19); Biological: Group A (Placebo); Biological: Group B (AG0302-COVID19); Biological: Group B (Placebo)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: AnGes, Inc.; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Use of BCG Vaccine as a Preventive Measure for COVID-19 in Health Care Workers</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID 19 Vaccine<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: BCG vaccine<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Ministry of Science and Technology, Brazil<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>At-Home Infusion Using Bamlanivimab in Participants With Mild to Moderate COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: bamlanivimab<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Daniel Griffin, MD PhD; Eli Lilly and Company; Optum, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Changes in Viral Load in COVID-19 After Probiotics</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Dietary Supplement: Dietary supplementation with probiotic GASTEEL PLUS in patients with covid disease admitted to hospital<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Hospital de Sagunto; Biopolis S.L.; Laboratorios Heel España<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Efficacy and Safety of High-dose Vitamin C Combined With Chinese Medicine Against Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Alpha-interferon alpha, abidol, ribavirin, Buzhong Yiqi plus and minus formula, Huhuang Detoxicity Paste, Baimu Qingre Jiedu Paste, fumigation/inhalation of vitamin C; Drug: Alpha-interferon, abidol, ribavirin, Buzhong Yiqi plus and minus formula, Huhuang Detoxicity Paste, Baimu Qingre Jiedu Paste and 5% glucose; Drug: Alpha-interferon, abidol, ribavirin, Buzhong Yiqi plus and minus formula, Huhuang Detoxicity Paste, Baimu Qingre Jiedu Paste and high-dose vitamin C treatment<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 And Geko Evaluation: The CAGE Study</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Device: geko T3<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Lawson Health Research Institute<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Clinical Safety Study on AT-100 in Treating Adults With Severe COVID-19 Infection</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: AT-100<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Airway Therapeutics, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>LYT-100 in Post-acute COVID-19 Respiratory Disease</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: LYT-100; Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: PureTech; Clinipace Worldwide; Novotech (Australia) Pty Limited<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Thrombosis Prevention Trials: Post-hospital Thromboprophylaxis</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Apixaban 2.5 MG; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Thomas Ortel, M.D., Ph.D.; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Mushroom-based Product for COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: FoTv<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Gordon Saxe; University of California, Los Angeles; University of California, Irvine<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Urine Alkalinisation to Prevent AKI in COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: Sodium Bicarbonate 150Meq/L/D5W Inj<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Outpatient Pragmatic Platform Study (COPPS) - Master Protocol</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Acebilustat; Drug: Camostat<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Stanford University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Outpatient Pragmatic Platform Study (COPPS) - Camostat Sub-Protocol</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Camostat; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Stanford University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Elucidating the pivotal role of convalescent plasma therapy in critically ill COVID-19 patients: A review</strong> - World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a pandemic in March 2020. Currently almost every country in the world has reported cases with moderate to high mortality rates. The European Union (EU), the United States of America (USA) and the United Kingdom (UK) are the severely affected countries. Nevertheless, the WHO is very much concern about countries with weak health systems. The clinical characteristics of COVID-19 varies extensively, ranging from asymptomatic...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Identification of 14 Known Drugs as Inhibitors of the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2</strong> - A consensus virtual screening protocol has been applied to ca. 2000 approved drugs to seek inhibitors of the main protease (M^(pro)) of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19. 42 drugs emerged as top candidates, and after visual analyses of the predicted structures of their complexes with M^(pro), 17 were chosen for evaluation in a kinetic assay for M^(pro) inhibition. Remarkably 14 of the compounds at 100-μM concentration were found to reduce the enzymatic activity and 5 provided IC(50)...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Identification of Potent and Safe Antiviral Therapeutic Candidates Against SARS-CoV-2</strong> - COVID-19 pandemic has infected millions of people with mortality exceeding >1 million. There is an urgent need to find therapeutic agents that can help clear the virus to prevent severe disease and death. Identifying effective and safer drugs can provide more options to treat COVID-19 infections either alone or in combination. Here, we performed a high throughput screening of approximately 1,700 US FDA-approved compounds to identify novel therapeutic agents that can effectively inhibit...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Possible Role of Adenosine in COVID-19 Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities</strong> - The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) requires urgent clinical interventions. Crucial clinical needs are: 1) prevention of infection and spread of the virus within lung epithelia and between people, 2) attenuation of excessive lung injury in Advanced Respiratory Distress Syndrome, which develops during the end stage of the disease, and 3) prevention of thrombosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection....</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Deciphering the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Ma Xing Shi Gan Decoction against COVID-19 through Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Exploration</strong> - The outbreak of new infectious pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 has posed a significant threat to public health, but specific medicines and vaccines are still being developed. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has thousands of years of experience in facing the epidemic disease, such as influenza and viral pneumonia. In this study, we revealed the efficacy and pharmacological mechanism of Ma Xing Shi Gan (MXSG) Decoction against COVID-19. First, we used liquid chromatography-electrospray...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Taming the Autophagy as a Strategy for Treating COVID-19</strong> - Currently, an efficient treatment for COVID-19 is still unavailable, and people are continuing to die from complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, the development of new therapeutic approaches is urgently needed, and one alternative is to target the mechanisms of autophagy. Due to its multifaceted role in physiological processes, many questions remain unanswered about the possible advantages of inhibiting or activating autophagy. Based on a search of the literature in this...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Computer-Aided Drug Design Approach to Predict Marine Drug-Like Leads for SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibition</strong> - The investigation of marine natural products (MNPs) as key resources for the discovery of drugs to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic is a developing field. In this work, computer-aided drug design (CADD) approaches comprising ligand- and structure-based methods were explored for predicting SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M^(pro)) inhibitors. The CADD ligand-based method used a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) classification model that was built using 5276 organic molecules extracted...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The role of extracellular DNA in COVID-19: clues from inflamm-aging</strong> - Epidemiological data convey severe prognosis and high mortality rate for COVID-19 in elderly men affected by age-related diseases. These subjects develop local and systemic hyper-inflammation, which are associated with thrombotic complications and multi-organ failure. Therefore, understanding SARS-CoV-2 induced hyper-inflammation in elderly men is a pressing need. Here we focus on the role of extracellular DNA, mainly mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and telomeric DNA (telDNA) in the modulation of...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dual Targeting of 3CL(pro) and PL(pro) of SARS-CoV-2: A Novel Structure-Based Design Approach to treat COVID-19</strong> - With the rapid growth of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic across the globe, therapeutic attention must be directed to fight the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, developing new antiviral drugs and vaccine development is time-consuming, so one of the best solutions to tackle this virus at present is to repurpose ready-to-use drugs. This paper proposes the repurposing of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved, purchasable, and...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Protoporphyrin IX and verteporfin potently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro and in a mouse model expressing human ACE2</strong> - The SARS-CoV-2 infection is spreading rapidly worldwide. Efficacious antiviral therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed. Here, we discovered that protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and verteporfin, two FDA-approved drugs, completely inhibited the cytopathic effect produced by SARS-CoV-2 infection at 1.25 µmol/Land 0.31 µmol/L respectively, and their EC50 values of reduction of viral RNA were at nanomolar concentrations. The selectivity indices of PpIX and verteporfin were 952.74 and 368.93,...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Autophagy in T cells from aged donors is maintained by spermidine, and correlates with function and vaccine responses</strong> - Older adults are at high risk for infectious diseases such as observed at the recent COVID-19 outbreak and vaccination seems to be the only long-term solution to the pandemic. While most vaccines are less efficacious in older adults, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that underpin this. Autophagy, a major degradation pathway and one of the few processes known to prevent aging, is critical for the maintenance of immune memory in mice. Here, we show that autophagy is specifically...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>mTOR inhibition in COVID-19: A commentary and review of efficacy in RNA viruses</strong> - In this commentary, we shed light on the role of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in viral infections. The mTOR pathway has been demonstrated to be modulated in numerous RNA viruses. Frequently, inhibiting mTOR results in suppression of virus growth and replication. Recent evidence points towards modulation of mTOR in SARS-Cov2 infection. We discuss the current literature on mTOR in SARS-Cov2 and highlight evidence in support of a role for mTOR inhibitors in the treatment of...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Host metabolism dysregulation and cell tropism identification in human airway and alveolar organoids upon SARS-CoV-2 infection</strong> - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is spread primary via respiratory droplets and infects the lungs. Currently widely used cell lines and animals are unable to accurately mimic human physiological conditions because of the abnormal status of cell lines (transformed or cancer cells) and species differences between animals and humans. Organoids are stem cell-derived self-organized...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>HMGB1 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for severe COVID-19</strong> - COVID-19 has attracted global attention due to its rapid spread around the world with substantial morbidity and associated mortality. Severe COVID-19 can be complicated by the acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis and septic shock leading to death. These complications are thought to result from an overactivation of the immune system, leading to a cytokine storm syndrome associated with multiple organ failure. Here, we report that high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a prototypical...</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Age-dependent possible role of contact-activated blood coagulation factor XII as a potential contributor to the "bradykinin storm" in COVID-19 patients</strong> - CONCLUSION: The targeted inhibition of activated blood coagulation factor XII may represent a new therapeutic target for COVID-19, especially for elder patients. Recently, beneficial results have already been observed by the clinical applications of recombinant C1INH and bradykinin receptor antagonists. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(50): 2099-2103.</p></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>"AYURVEDIC PROPRIETARY MEDICINE FOR TREATMENT OF SEVERWE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS 2 (SARS-COV-2."</strong> - AbstractAyurvedic Proprietary Medicine for treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)In one of the aspect of the present invention it is provided that Polyherbal combinations called Coufex (syrup) is prepared as Ayurvedic Proprietary Medicine , Aqueous Extracts Mixing with Sugar Syrup form the following herbal aqueous extract coriandrum sativum was used for the formulation of protek.Further another Polyherbal combination protek as syrup is prepared by the combining an aqueous extract of the medicinal herbs including Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, Aegle marmelos, Zingiber officinale, Ocimum sanctum, Adatoda zeylanica, Piper lingum, Andrographis panivulata, Coriandrum sativum, Tinospora cordiofolia, cuminum cyminum,piper nigrum was used for the formulation of Coufex.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Haptens, hapten conjugates, compositions thereof and method for their preparation and use</strong> - A method for performing a multiplexed diagnostic assay, such as for two or more different targets in a sample, is described. One embodiment comprised contacting the sample with two or more specific binding moieties that bind specifically to two or more different targets. The two or more specific binding moieties are conjugated to different haptens, and at least one of the haptens is an oxazole, a pyrazole, a thiazole, a nitroaryl compound other than dinitrophenyl, a benzofurazan, a triterpene, a urea, a thiourea, a rotenoid, a coumarin, a cyclolignan, a heterobiaryl, an azo aryl, or a benzodiazepine. The sample is contacted with two or more different anti-hapten antibodies that can be detected separately. The two or more different anti-hapten antibodies may be conjugated to different detectable labels.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>疫苗融合蛋白</strong> - 本申请涉及一种融合蛋白，所述融合蛋白包括SARS‑CoV‑2抗原多肽和鞭毛蛋白或其片段。本申请还提供了所述融合蛋白的制备方法和用途。本申请所述的融合蛋白能够诱导机体产生针对SARS‑CoV类病毒的抗原的细胞免疫反应。</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>AN EFFICIENT METHODOLOGY TO MANAGE THE ADMISSIONS IN HOSPITALS DURING THE PANDEMICS SUCH AS COVID 19</strong> -</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种SARS-CoV-2假病毒小鼠体内包装系统及其制备方法</strong> - 本发明提供了一种假病毒小鼠体内包装系统的制备方法，包括以下步骤：S1基于慢病毒包装质粒系统和睡美人转座子系统构建SARS‑CoV‑2假病毒包装质粒系统，S2将步骤S1中SARS‑CoV‑2假病毒包装质粒系统与睡美人转座酶表达质粒混合通过水动力注射的方式转染小鼠肝细胞，然后睡美人转座子系统将SARS‑CoV‑2假病毒包装所需序列以剪切粘贴的方式整合到小鼠肝细胞的基因组。本发明可在小鼠体内持续制造分泌SARS‑CoV‑2假病毒，可模拟靶器官被SARS‑CoV‑2病毒持续侵入攻击的过程，从而可模拟出新冠肺炎（COVID‑19）的病理特征。基于SARS‑CoV‑2假病毒小鼠体内包装系统的动物模型安全性高，不需要P3级实验室就能开展研究。利用水动力注射的方式引入SARS‑CoV‑2假病毒包装质粒系统操作简单，成本低。</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>柴胡解毒药物组合物及其制备方法和应用</strong> - 本发明属于中药领域，具体涉及一种柴胡解毒药物组合物及其制备方法和应用，所述柴胡解毒药物组合物以质量份计由如下原料组分制成：柴胡30<sub>60份，黄芩15</sub>30份，法半夏15<sub>30份，生姜15</sub>30份，大枣5<sub>10份，枳实20</sub>40份，大黄10<sub>20份，桃仁10</sub>20份，白芍15~30份。本发明的柴胡解毒药物组合物能够显著改善普通型COVID‑19引起的咳嗽；能改善疫毒闭肺型重型COVID‑19引起的咳嗽，显著改善疫毒闭肺型重型COVID‑19引起的胸闷、气短和乏力等主要症状。另外经大量临床观察，本发明的柴胡解毒药物组合物能够显著改善疫毒闭肺型重型COVID‑19引起的发热面红，咳嗽，痰黄粘少，或痰中带血，喘憋气促，疲乏倦怠，口干苦粘，大便不畅，小便短赤等症状。</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种新型冠状病毒RBD核苷酸序列、优化方法与应用</strong> - 本发明公开了一种新型冠状病毒RBD核苷酸序列、优化方法与应用。属于基因工程技术领域。优化步骤：（1）对野生型新型冠状病毒RBD核苷酸序列进行初步优化；（2）将宿主细胞特异性高表达分泌蛋白信号肽序列进行优化；（3）将人IgG1‑Fc核苷酸序列进行优化；（4）将步骤（2）优化后的宿主细胞特异性高表达分泌蛋白信号肽核苷酸序列、步骤（1）得到的初步优化新型冠状病毒RBD核苷酸序列、连接子核苷酸序列和步骤（3）优化后的人IgG1‑Fc核苷酸序列依次连接即可。与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：产生的克隆表达效率比野生新型冠状病毒RBD序列提高了约12倍，比中国仓鼠密码子偏性优化序列克隆表达效率提高了2倍。</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>ASSISTING COMPLEX FOR TAKING OF BIOMATERIAL FROM MOUTH IN PANDEMIC CONDITIONS</strong> - FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to methods for contactless taking of biomaterial in tested person. Taking the biomaterial in the tested person is carried out in a room located in a dirty zone and separated by a partition from the clean zone, in which there is a laboratory assistant performing the procedure using a robotic complex. Complex includes digital controller, manipulator with tool unit, small manipulator, camera, monitor, control system of digital controller, manipulator, small manipulator, and complex control system. In the partition there are two holes: one – for installation and passage of the swab, the other – for the test tube installation. In the dirty zone there is a small manipulator having two actuators: one for movement of a test tube with a swab, and the second for positioning and placing a disposable mouthpiece. EFFECT: reduced risk of laboratory assistant and tested person infection by avoiding their direct contact. 17 cl, 1 dwg</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antiinfektive Arzneiform zur Herstellung einer Nasenspülung gegen COVID-19</strong> -
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Einzeldosierte, wasserlösliche oder wassermischbare Arzneiform, umfassend mindestens einen antiinfektiven Arzneistoff, zur Herstellung einer Nasenspülung und/oder zur Verwendung in der lokalen Behandlung des menschlichen Nasenraums.
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</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Antiinfektive Arzneiform zur Herstellung einer Nasenspülung gegen COVID-19</strong> -
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
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Einzeldosierte, wasserlösliche oder wassermischbare Arzneiform, umfassend mindestens einen antiinfektiven Arzneistoff, zur Herstellung einer Nasenspülung und/oder zur Verwendung in der lokalen Behandlung des menschlichen Nasenraums.
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</p></li>
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</ul>
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