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214 lines
54 KiB
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<title>08 March, 2021</title>
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<title>Covid-19 Sentry</title><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/><link href="styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="../styles/simple.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"/><script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@2.3.1/dist/aos.js"></script></head>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-down" id="covid-19-sentry">Covid-19 Sentry</h1>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-anchor-placement="top-bottom" id="contents">Contents</h1>
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<li><a href="#from-preprints">From Preprints</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-pubmed">From PubMed</a></li>
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<li><a href="#from-patent-search">From Patent Search</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-preprints">From Preprints</h1>
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<li><strong>The effect of ego-resiliency and COVID-19-related stress on mental health among the Japanese population</strong> -
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Due to the negative psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide, it is necessary to study the factors that improve mental health. In this study, we evaluated changing income, frequency of going out, fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety, stress, and ego-resiliency to investigate the main and moderating effects of ego-resiliency on psychological distress. We analyzed 222 Japanese samples from the dataset of Primary Survey in Japan (PSJ) in the Resilience to COVid-19 in Each Region (RE-COVER) project. The results showed significant main effects of ego-resiliency on depression (ΔR2 = .07, p < .01) and stress (ΔR2 = .02, p < .05), and interaction effect of going out and ego-resiliency on depression (β = .19, p < .01; ΔR2 = .05, p < .01). We also tested the significance of the moderating effect of ego-resiliency on the relationship between going out and depression. The simple slope of ego-resiliency was only significant for individuals with a low frequency of going out (β = -0.278, t (218) = -4.522, p < .001). Our findings provide empirical evidence on mental health associated with the COVID-19 pandemic among the Japanese population, proving that ego-resiliency functioned to cope with the specific stress associated with COVID-19 and promote adaptation.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/up6c3/" target="_blank">The effect of ego-resiliency and COVID-19-related stress on mental health among the Japanese population</a>
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<li><strong>Trauma Propagation in Social Networks</strong> -
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<div>
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I present evidence that rises in the severity of the Covid-19 pandemic in one location increased internet searches indicative of mental disorders in another location that is spatially separated but socially connected.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/t6b2y/" target="_blank">Trauma Propagation in Social Networks</a>
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</div></li>
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<li><strong>COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy, misinformation and conspiracy theories on social media: A content analysis of Twitter data</strong> -
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<div>
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Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a significant burden of mortality and morbidity. A vaccine will be the most effective global preventive strategy to end the pandemic. Studies have maintained that exposure to negative sentiments related to vaccination on social media increase vaccine hesitancy and refusal. Despite the influence social media has on vaccination behavior, there is a lack of studies exploring the public’s exposure to misinformation, conspiracy theories, and concerns on Twitter regarding a potential COVID-19 vaccination. Objective: The study aims to identify the major thematic areas about a potential COVID-19 vaccination based on the contents of Twitter data. Method: We retrieved 1,286,659 publicly available tweets posted within the timeline of July 19, 2020, to August 19, 2020, leveraging the Twint package. Following the extraction, we used Latent Dirichlet Allocation for topic modelling and identified 20 topics discussed in the tweets. We selected 4,868 tweets with the highest probability of belonging in the specific cluster and manually labeled as positive, negative, neutral, or irrelevant. The negative tweets were further assigned to a theme and subtheme based on the content Result: The negative tweets were further categorized into 7 major themes: “safety and effectiveness,” “misinformation,” “conspiracy theories,” “mistrust of scientists and governments,” “lack of intent to get a COVID-19 vaccine,” “freedom of choice,” and "religious beliefs. Negative tweets predominantly consisted of misleading statements (n=424) that immunization against coronavirus is unnecessary as the survival rate is high. The second most prevalent theme to emerge was tweets constituting safety and effectiveness related concerns (n=276) regarding the side effects of a potential vaccine developed at an unprecedented speed. Conclusion: Our findings suggest a need to formulate a large-scale vaccine communication plan that will address the safety concerns and debunk the misinformation and conspiracy theories spreading across social media platforms, increasing the public’s acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccination.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/vc9jb/" target="_blank">COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy, misinformation and conspiracy theories on social media: A content analysis of Twitter data</a>
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<li><strong>Covid-19: acquired acute porphyria hypothesis</strong> -
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<div>
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Pandemic Covid-19 pneumonia, of SARS-CoV-2 aetiology, is of global importance to health systems, national economies and individual civil liberties. Multiple therapeutic and prophylactic agents are currently undergoing clinical trial and, while progress towards a curative agent is promising, the principal limiting factor in public health emergency is time. A pre-existing licensed therapeutic would offer reprieve to international citizens currently enduring the adverse consequences of lockdown policies. This brief communication serves as an update on the initial version of the acquired acute porphyria hypothesis and advocates for direct testing of the hypothesis.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/fxz3p/" target="_blank">Covid-19: acquired acute porphyria hypothesis</a>
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<li><strong>Comparison of clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV2 infection managed in traditional ICU and “Flex” ICU during the surge of the pandemic in the Bronx.</strong> -
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BACKGROUND: As part of the response to increasing critical care capacity during the unprecedented surge of COVID-19 infections, NYC Health + Hospital systems identified and resourced areas in the hospital that could deliver critical care as “Flex” ICUs to complement the traditional ICUs to manage the rapid influx of critically ill patients. OBJECTIVE: Comparison of clinical features and outcomes of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients admitted to the traditional and “Flex” ICUs during the surge of the pandemic. METHODS: Retrospective comparative cohort study of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection on mechanical ventilation admitted to traditional ICU and 9Flex9 ICU. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to detect factors associated with death from COVID-19 patients in mechanical ventilation by the Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: Out of the 312 patients on mechanical ventilation, 111(35.6%) were admitted to the traditional ICU, and 201(64.4%) to the 9Flex9 ICU. The mortality rate was higher in the 9Flex9 ICU compared with the traditional ICU (H.R., 1.37, 95% CI, 1.05-1.81, p<0.05), but the adjusted risk model was not significantly associated with increased mortality (adjusted, H.R., 1.29, 95% CI, 0.97-1.71, p=0.078). CONCLUSION “Flex” ICUs played a crucial role in critically ill patients9 management during the pandemic. The mortality risk of patients in the “Flex” ICU was comparable to traditional ICUs in the adjusted analysis. While there is enough evidence for Intensivist managed ICUs to have better outcomes, our study demonstrates the feasibility of non-intensivist leading “Flex” ICUs during a crisis.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.03.21252868v1" target="_blank">Comparison of clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV2 infection managed in traditional ICU and “Flex” ICU during the surge of the pandemic in the Bronx.</a>
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<li><strong>A New Remote Guided Method for Supervised Web-Based Cognitive Testing to Ensure High Quality Data</strong> -
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Background. The global COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a fundamental reexamination of how human psychological research can be conducted both safely and robustly in a new era of digital working and physical distancing. Online web-based testing has risen to the fore as a promising solution for rapid mass collection of cognitive data without requiring human contact. However, a long-standing debate exists over the data quality and validity of web-based studies. Here, we examine the opportunities and challenges afforded by the societal shift toward web-based testing, highlight an urgent need to establish a standard data quality assurance framework for online studies, and develop and validate a new supervised online testing methodology, remote guided testing (RGT). Methods. A total of 85 healthy young adults were tested on 10 cognitive tasks assessing executive functioning (flexibility, memory and inhibition) and learning. Tasks were administered either face-to-face in the laboratory (N=41) or online using remote guided testing (N=44), delivered using identical web-based platforms (CANTAB, Inquisit and i-ABC). Data quality was assessed using detailed trial-level measures (missed trials, outlying and excluded responses, response times), as well as overall task performance measures. Results. The results indicated that, across all measures of data quality and performance, RGT data was statistically-equivalent to data collected in person in the lab. Moreover, RGT participants out-performed the lab group on measured verbal intelligence, which could reflect test environment differences, including possible effects of mask-wearing on communication. Conclusions. These data suggest that the RGT methodology could help to ameliorate concerns regarding online data quality and - particularly for studies involving high-risk or rare cohorts - offer an alternative for collecting high-quality human cognitive data without requiring in-person physical attendance.
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<div class="article-link article-html-link">
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://psyarxiv.com/asc67/" target="_blank">A New Remote Guided Method for Supervised Web-Based Cognitive Testing to Ensure High Quality Data</a>
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<li><strong>Quantifying impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic through life expectancy losses</strong> -
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The COVID-19 pandemic halted longevity improvements and mortality reductions at older ages in 2020. Life expectancy at birth - a widely-used indicator of population health - declined from 2019 to 2020 in 24 out of 26 countries for which high-quality vital statistics are presently available, including most European countries, Chile and the USA. Males in the USA and Bulgaria experienced the largest losses in life expectancy at birth during 2020 (2.1 and 1.6 years respectively), but staggering reductions of more than an entire year were documented in eleven countries for males, and seven among females; a magnitude of loss not witnessed since WW-II in many countries. Reductions were mostly attributable to increased mortality above age 60 and to official COVID-19 deaths.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.02.21252772v3" target="_blank">Quantifying impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic through life expectancy losses</a>
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<li><strong>Vaccination strategies for minimizing loss of life in Covid-19 in a Europe lacking vaccines</strong> -
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Aim and Background: We aimed at identifying vaccination strategies that minimize loss of life in the Covid-19 pandemic in a Europe lacking vaccines. Covid-19 mainly kills the elderly, but the pandemic is driven by social contacts that are more frequent in the young. Vaccines elicit stronger immune responses in younger persons. As vaccine production is a bottleneck, many countries have adopted a strategy of first vaccinating the elderly and vulnerable, while postponing vaccination of the young. Methods: Based on published age-stratified immunogenicity data of the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine, we compared the established 9one dose fits all9 approach with tailored strategies by epidemic modeling: The known differential immunogenicity of vaccine doses in different age groups is exploited to vaccinate the elderly at full dose, while the young receive a reduced dose, increasing the number of individuals receiving the vaccine early. A modeling approach at European Union scale with population structure, Covid-19 case and death rates according to Europe in late January 2021 is used. Results: When the elderly were vaccinated preferentially, the pandemic initially continued essentially unchecked, as it was dominantly driven by social contacts in other age groups. Tailored strategies, including regular dosing in the elderly but reduced dose vaccination in the young, multiplied early vaccination counts, and even with some loss in protection degree for the individual person, the protective effect towards stopping the pandemic and protecting lives was enhanced, even for the elderly. In the European Union, pandemic duration (threshold >1009000 cases/day) was shortened from 53 to 18-24 days; cumulative death count over 100 days was reduced by >309000. Data suggest that the findings may be relevant to both, the Moderna and the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccines. Conclusion: Protecting the vulnerable, minimizing overall deaths and stopping the pandemic in Europe is best achieved by an adaptive vaccination strategy using an age-tailored vaccine dose.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.29.21250747v6" target="_blank">Vaccination strategies for minimizing loss of life in Covid-19 in a Europe lacking vaccines</a>
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<li><strong>Vitamin D and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative: A Mendelian randomization study</strong> -
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<b>INTRODUCTION:</b> Increased vitamin D levels, as reflected by 25OHD measurements, have been proposed to protect against COVID-19 disease based on in-vitro, observational, and ecological studies. However, vitamin D levels are associated with many confounding variables and thus associations described to date may not be causal. Vitamin D Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have provided results that are concordant with large-scale vitamin D randomized trials. Here, we used two-sample MR to assess evidence supporting a causal effect of circulating 25OHD levels on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. <b>METHODS AND FINDINGS:</b> Genetic variants strongly associated with 25OHD levels in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 443,734 participants of European ancestry (including 401,460 from the UK Biobank) were used as instrumental variables. GWASs of COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, and severe disease from the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative were used as outcome GWASs. These included up to 14,134 individuals with COVID-19, and 1,284,876 without COVID-19, from 11 countries. SARS-CoV-2 positivity was determined by laboratory testing or medical chart review. Population controls without COVID-19 were also included in the control groups for all outcomes, including hospitalization and severe disease. Analyses were restricted to individuals of European descent when possible. Using inverse-weighted MR, genetically increased 25OHD levels by one standard deviation on the logarithmic scale had no significant association with COVID-19 susceptibility (OR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.10; P=0.61), hospitalization (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.35; P=0.30), and severe disease (OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.73, 1.17; P=0.53). We used an additional 6 meta-analytic methods, as well as sensitivity analyses after removal of variants at risk of horizontal pleiotropy and obtained similar results. These results may be limited by weak instrument bias in some analyses. Further, our results do not apply to individuals with vitamin D deficiency. <b>CONCLUSION:</b> In this two-sample MR study, we did not observe evidence to support an association between 25OHD levels and COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, or hospitalization. Hence, vitamin D supplementation as a mean of protecting against worsened COVID-19 outcomes is not supported by genetic evidence. Other therapeutic or preventative avenues should be given higher priority for COVID-19 randomized controlled trials.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.09.08.20190975v5" target="_blank">Vitamin D and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative: A Mendelian randomization study</a>
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<li><strong>Age-related heterogeneity in Neutralising antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 following BNT162b2 vaccination</strong> -
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Background Vaccines remain the cornerstone for containing the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. mRNA vaccines provide protection in clinical trials using a two-dose approach, separated by a three to four week gap. UK policy in 2021 is to extend the dosing interval from three to twelve weeks. There is a paucity of data in the elderly, even though these individuals are the first to receive vaccines due to risk of severe disease. Here we assessed real world immune responses following vaccination with mRNA-based vaccine BNT162b2. Methods: We did a prospective cohort study of individuals presenting for first dose vaccination. Following the first and second doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, we measured IFNgamma T cell responses, as well as binding antibody (IgA, IgG and IgG1-4) responses to Spike and Spike RBD. We also measured serum neutralising antibody responses to wild type (Wuhan with D614G) and B.1.1.7 Spike using a lentiviral pseudotyping system. We correlated age with immune responses and compared responses after the first and second doses. Results Median age was 81years amongst 50 participants after the first dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Geometric mean neutralisation titres in participants over 80 years old after the first dose were lower than in younger individuals [79.9 (95%CI 35.9-177.6) vs 19.0 (10.7-33.8) p<0.01]. A lower proportion of participants 80 years and older achieved adequate neutralisation titre of >1:20 for 50% neutralisation as compared to those under 80 (11/26 versus 19/24, p<0.01). Binding IgG1 responses correlated with neutralisation, though IgG2-4 responses did not. Sera from participants in both age groups showed lower, though not statistically significant, neutralisation potency against B.1.1.7 Spike pseudotyped viruses as compared to wild type. SARS-CoV-2 Spike specific T- cell responses were similar across age groups and increased between vaccine doses. Following the second dose, 50% neutralising antibody titres were above 1:20 in all individuals and there was no longer a difference by age grouping. Conclusions There was a significantly higher risk of a suboptimal neutralising antibody response following first dose vaccination with BNT162b2 in those above the age of 80, cautioning against extending the dosing interval in this high risk population.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.03.21251054v4" target="_blank">Age-related heterogeneity in Neutralising antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 following BNT162b2 vaccination</a>
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<li><strong>Epidemiological Risk Factors of SARS-Cov-2 Infections</strong> -
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Since the first governmental recognitions of the pandemic characteristic of the SARS-Cov-2 infections, public health agencies have warned about the dangers of the virus to persons with a variety of underlying physical conditions, many of which are more commonly found in persons older than 50 years old. To investigate the statistical, rather than physiological basis of such warnings, this study examines correlations on a nation-by-nation basis between the statistical data concerning covid-19 fatalities among the populations of the ninety-nine countries with the greatest number of SARS-Cov-2 infections plus the statistics of potential co-morbidities that may influence the severity of the infections. It examines reasons that may underlie of the degree to which advanced age increases the risk of mortality of an infection and contrasts the risk factors of SARS-Cov-2 infections with those of influenzas and their associated pneumonias.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.09.30.20204990v3" target="_blank">Epidemiological Risk Factors of SARS-Cov-2 Infections</a>
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<li><strong>Chinese Public’s Support for COVID-19 Surveillance in Relation to the West</strong> -
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Surveillance is never only about surveillance but is embedded in the broader social context, both domestically and internationally. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the surveillance practices of non-Western countries have often been analyzed from the perspective of the West, impacting domestic surveillance policymaking and public perception. However, we rarely know how Western societies’ surveillance practices and discourses may impact how people in non-Western societies understand their own domestic surveillance. Combining data from varied sources, this article examines domestic surveillance during COVID-19 in China and explores how Chinese residents perceive it, with a focus on perceptions that are in relation to the West.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/br9mg/" target="_blank">Chinese Public’s Support for COVID-19 Surveillance in Relation to the West</a>
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<li><strong>SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA is not viral load</strong> -
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Several recent studies used results of SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR, Ct (threshold cycle), as proxies of viral load1. Unfortunately, an important aspect of this virus’ biology is neglected: Coronaviruses being (+)ssRNA viruses the form of RNA they use for replication is identical to the form used for transcription. It is therefore not obvious which process, replication or transcription, is quantified by RT-qPCR. To make matters more complicated, Coronaviruses produce several kinds of mRNA, genomic (= full size) and subgenomic (carrying only some genes), hence modulating their gene expression1. As shown by Finkel et al. the different mRNAs of SARS-CoV-2 occur at different densities in cell cultures. Because of their location on the viral genome the different targets of RT-qPCR are differentially affected, some being carried by more types of mRNA than others. Further, gene expression being affected by environmental and genetic factors, the quantity of RNA revealed by RT-qPCR may consequently vary due to differences in replication rates, in expression rates, or in both. It is thus unclear how good a proxy of viral load Ct values are, or what differences in Ct values may reflect. Even though the process underlying them is poorly characterized, and despite additional known biases in sample quality and RT-PCR protocols, quantitative analyses of Ct may nevertheless be highly informative e.g. in allowing to detect patterns in ‘levels of RNA’ in patients with different properties (gender, age, severe vs. mild disease, stage of infection) or in allowing to relate these patterns to epidemic properties in populations. For example, given that a priori replication levels should be the same for all genes of these monopartite viruses, differences in Ct among markers lying in different viral genes for should reflect different expression profiles. Such observations could thus help reveal interesting, and potentially epidemiologically significant, variations e.g. among SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://osf.io/5gra3/" target="_blank">SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA is not viral load</a>
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<li><strong>Prevalence of vitamin D is not associated with the COVID-19 epidemic in Europe. A judicial update of the existing evidence.</strong> -
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Background: COVID-19 has emerged as a global pandemic, affecting nearly 104 million people worldwide as of February 4th 2021. In previous published studies, the association between the mean Vit D status of each country and COVID-19 infection rate, and mortality among the adult population in European countries was examined. The aim of this study was to re-examine the relationship between the Vit D status of each country and COVID-19 infection, recovery, and mortality using updated data and a different methodological approach. Methods: Information only form the last decade on Vit D concentration/deficiency for each country was retrieved through literature search on PubMed database. As of February, 4th 2021, COVID-19 infections and mortalities per one million population as well as total recoveries were extracted from the Worldometer website. The association between vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 infection, recovery, and mortality were explored using correlation coefficients and scatterplots. Results: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among European countries ranged from 6.0 (Finland) to 75.5% (Turkey), with several countries facing more than 50% of vitamin D deficiency among their population. Non-significant correlations were observed between the number of COVID-19 infections (r=0.190; p=0.374), recoveries (rs=0.317, p=0.131), and mortalities (r=0.129; p=0.549) per one million population, with the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. Conclusions: Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was not significantly associated with either number of infections, recoveries or mortality rate of COVID-19 among European countries. Thus, it is an important parameter to be considered when implementing preventive measures to face COVID-19.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.04.21252885v1" target="_blank">Prevalence of vitamin D is not associated with the COVID-19 epidemic in Europe. A judicial update of the existing evidence.</a>
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<li><strong>Rapid increase of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 detected in sewage samples from England between October 2020 and January 2021</strong> -
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SARS-CoV-2 variants with multiple amino acid mutations in the spike protein are emerging in different parts of the world raising concerns on their possible impact on human immune response to the virus and vaccine efficacy against them. Recently, a variant named lineage B.1.1.7 was detected and shown to be rapidly spreading across the UK since November 2020. As surveillance for these SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) becomes critical, we have investigated the use of environmental surveillance (ES) for the rapid detection and quantification of B.1.1.7 viruses in sewage as a way of monitoring its expansion that is independent on the investigation of identified clinical cases. B.1.1.7 mutations in viral sequences from sewage were first identified in a sample collected in London on 10th November 2020 and shown to rapidly increase in frequency to >95% in January 2021, in agreement with clinical data over the same period. We show that ES can provide an early warning of VOCs becoming prevalent in the population and that, as well as B.1.1.7, our method can potentially detect VOCs B.1.351 and P.1, first identified in South Africa and Brazil, respectively, and other viruses also carrying critical spike mutation E484K, known to have an effect on virus antigenicity.
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🖺 Full Text HTML: <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.03.21252867v1" target="_blank">Rapid increase of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 detected in sewage samples from England between October 2020 and January 2021</a>
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</div></li>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-clinical-trials">From Clinical Trials</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Study to Evaluate a Single Dose of STI-2020 (COVI-AMG™) in Hospitalized Adults With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: COVI-AMG; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety & Efficacy of Low Dose Aspirin / Ivermectin Combination Therapy for Treatment of Covid-19 Patients</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Drug: 3-dayIVM 200 mcg/kg/day/14-day 75mgASA/day + standard of care (intervention 1)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Makerere University; Ministry of Health, Uganda; Mbarara University of Science and Technology; Joint Clinical Research Center<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Clinical Study in the Treatment of Patients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Molixan; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Pharma VAM<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Safety and Efficacy of FB2001 in Healthy Subjects and Patients With COVID-19 Infection</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: FB2001; Drug: FB2001 Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Frontier Biotechnologies Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Diagnostic Performance of the ID Now™ COVID-19 Screening Test Versus Simplexa™ COVID-19 Direct Assay</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Diagnostic Test: ID Now™ COVID-19 Screening Test<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph<br/><b>Active, not recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Safety and Efficacy Study of Human Monoclonal Antibodies, BRII-196 and BRII-198 for the Treatment of Patients With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: BRII-196 and BRII-198; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Brii Biosciences, Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Dose-Ranging Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Melatonin in Outpatients Infected With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Melatonin; Drug: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: State University of New York at Buffalo; National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS)<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Brilacidin in Hospitalized Participants With COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Brilacidin; Drug: Placebo; Drug: Standard of Care (SoC)<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Innovation Pharmaceuticals, Inc.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Second Generation VIR-7831 Material in Non-hospitalized Participants With Mild to Moderate COVID-19</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: VIR-7831 (Gen1); Biological: VIR-7831 (Gen2)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Vir Biotechnology, Inc.; GlaxoSmithKline<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Honey and Nigella Sativa in COVID-19 Prophylaxis</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Drug: Honey; Drug: Nigella sativa seed; Other: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Sohaib Ashraf<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>DCI COVID-19 Surveillance Project</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Diagnostic Test: SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Assay for Detection of COVID-19 Infection<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Temple University; Dialysis Clinic, Inc.<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety and Efficacy of Thymic Peptides in the Treatment of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Honduras</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: COVID-19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: Thymic peptides<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Universidad Católica de Honduras; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of the COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate (VBI-2902a)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Biological: VBI-2902a; Biological: Placebo<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: VBI Vaccines Inc.<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Breathing Exercise After COVID-19 Pneumonia</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Interventions</b>: Other: Breathing exercise with the phone application; Other: Breathing exercise<br/><b>Sponsor</b>: Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University<br/><b>Not yet recruiting</b></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>COVID-19 Vaccination of Immunodeficient Persons (COVAXID)</strong> - <b>Condition</b>: Covid19<br/><b>Intervention</b>: Biological: Comirnaty (COVID-19, mRNA vaccine)<br/><b>Sponsors</b>: Karolinska University Hospital; Karolinska Institutet<br/><b>Recruiting</b></p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-pubmed">From PubMed</h1>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Oral Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors for the Treatment of Delayed Inflammatory Reaction of Dermal Hyaluronic Acid Fillers Following COVID-19 Vaccination - A Model for Inhibition of Angiotensin II-Induced Cutaneous Inflammation</strong> - No abstract</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Robust correlations across six SARS-CoV-2 serology assays detecting distinct antibody features</strong> - CONCLUSION: Our comprehensive analyses provide important insights into SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity across distinct serology assays and their applicability for specific research and/or diagnostic questions to assess SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral responses.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Routine use of immunosuppressants is associated with mortality in hospitalised patients with COVID-19</strong> - CONCLUSION: Despite possible indication bias, until further evidence emerges we recommend adhering to public health measures, a low threshold to seek medical advice and close monitoring of symptoms in those who take immunosuppressants routinely regardless of their indication. However, it should be noted that the inability to control for the underlying condition requiring immunosuppressants is a major limitation, and hence caution should be exercised in interpretation of the results.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>The Hydroalcoholic Extract of Uncaria tomentosa (Cat’s Claw) Inhibits the Infection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) In Vitro</strong> - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a serious problem for public health since it was identified in the province of Wuhan (China) and spread around the world producing high mortality rates and economic losses. Nowadays, the WHO recognizes traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine for treating COVID-19 symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the antiviral potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Uncaria tomentosa stem bark from Peru against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. The…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Inhibitory efficacy of RNA virus drugs against SARS-CoV-2 proteins: An extensive study</strong> - Herein we have made a comprehensive analysis of inhibitory efficacy of 16 RNA virus drugs against RdRp, Mpro and PLpro proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Analysis of docked conformation revealed that Baloxavir marboxil (BMX) corresponds to the highest binding energy. Analysis of residue confirmed that BMX strongly interact with these three proteins involving H-bonding, ionic as well as hydrophobic interactions. Molecular dynamics simulation and analysis of parameters like RMSD, RMSF, binding energy…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Screening potential FDA-approved inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 major protease 3CL(pro) through high-throughput virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation</strong> - It has been confirmed that the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 caused the global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Studies have found that 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CL^(pro)) is an essential enzyme for virus replication, and could be used as a potential target to inhibit SARS-CoV-2. In this work, 3CL^(pro) was used as the target to complete the high-throughput virtual screening of the FDA-approved drugs, and Indinavir and other 10 drugs with high docking scores for 3CL^(pro) were…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Docking-based virtual screening studies aiming at the covalent inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 M(Pro) by targeting the cysteine 145</strong> - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the COVID-19 which has infected millions of people worldwide. The main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (M^(Pro)) has been recognized as a key target for the development of antiviral compounds. Taking advantage of the X-ray crystal complex with reversible covalent inhibitors interacting with the catalytic cysteine 145 (Cys145), we explored flexible docking studies to select alternative compounds able to target this residue…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Camostat mesylate inhibits SARS-CoV-2 activation by TMPRSS2-related proteases and its metabolite GBPA exerts antiviral activity</strong> - BACKGROUND: Antivirals are needed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, which is caused by SARS-CoV-2. The clinically-proven protease inhibitor Camostat mesylate inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection by blocking the virus-activating host cell protease TMPRSS2. However, antiviral activity of Camostat mesylate metabolites and potential viral resistance have not been analyzed. Moreover, antiviral activity of Camostat mesylate in human lung tissue remains to be demonstrated.</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Exploring naphthyl derivatives as SARS-CoV papain-like protease (PLpro) inhibitors and its implications in COVID-19 drug discovery</strong> - Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerges as a serious threat to public health globally. The rapid spreading of COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), proclaimed the multitude of applied research needed not only to save the human health but also for the environmental safety. As per the recent World Health Organization reports, the novel corona virus may never be wiped out completely from the world. In this connection, the inhibitors…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Structural basis for inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerase by suramin</strong> - The COVID-19 pandemic caused by nonstop infections of SARS-CoV-2 has continued to ravage many countries worldwide. Here we report that suramin, a 100-year-old drug, is a potent inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and acts by blocking the binding of RNA to the enzyme. In biochemical assays, suramin and its derivatives are at least 20-fold more potent than remdesivir, the currently approved nucleotide drug for treatment of COVID-19. The 2.6 Å cryo-electron microscopy…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 mediated neuroinflammation and the impact of COVID-19 in neurological disorders</strong> - SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus that severely affects the respiratory system, is the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic, and is projected to result in the deaths of 2 million people worldwide. Recent reports suggest that SARS-CoV-2 also affects the central nervous system along with other organs. COVID-19-associated complications are observed in older people with underlying neurological conditions like stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Hence, we discuss SARS-CoV-2 viral…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Demystifying Excess Immune Response in COVID-19 to Reposition an Orphan Drug for Down-Regulation of NF-kappaB: A Systematic Review</strong> - The immunological findings from autopsies, biopsies, and various studies in COVID-19 patients show that the major cause of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 is excess immune response resulting in hyper-inflammation. With the objective to review various mechanisms of excess immune response in adult COVID-19 patients, Pubmed was searched for free full articles not related to therapeutics or co-morbid sub-groups, published in English until 27.10.2020, irrespective of type of article, country, or…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Establishing an Analogue Based In Silico Pipeline in the Pursuit of Novel Inhibitory Scaffolds against the SARS Coronavirus 2 Papain-Like Protease</strong> - The ongoing coronavirus pandemic has been a burden on the worldwide population, with mass fatalities and devastating socioeconomic consequences. It has particularly drawn attention to the lack of approved small-molecule drugs to inhibit SARS coronaviruses. Importantly, lessons learned from the SARS outbreak of 2002-2004, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1), can be applied to current drug discovery ventures. SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 both possess two cysteine…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Resveratrol Inhibits HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Replication In Vitro</strong> - A novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in China at the end of 2019 causing a large global outbreak. As treatments are of the utmost importance, drug repurposing embodies a rich and rapid drug discovery landscape, where candidate drug compounds could be identified and optimized. To this end, we tested seven compounds for their ability to reduce replication of human coronavirus (HCoV)-229E, another member of the coronavirus family. Among these…</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Concentration and Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater Using Polyethylene Glycol-Based Concentration and qRT-PCR</strong> - Wastewater-based epidemiology has become an important tool for the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. However, the detection of viruses in sewage is challenging and to date there is no standard method available which has been validated for the sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2. In this paper, we describe a simple concentration method based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation, followed by RNA extraction and a one-step quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) for viral detection…</p></li>
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</ul>
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<h1 data-aos="fade-right" id="from-patent-search">From Patent Search</h1>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Sars-CoV-2 vaccine antigens</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU318283136">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SARS-COV-2 BINDING PROTEINS</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU318004130">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Compositions and methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU317343760">link</a></p></li>
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<li><strong>Aronia-Mundspray</strong> -
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<p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">
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Anordnung zum Versprühen einer Substanz in die menschliche Mundhöhle und/oder in den Rachen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anordnung eine Sprühflasche mit einer Substanz aufweist, die wenigstens Aroniasaft und eine Alkoholkomponente aufweist.
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=DE319581893">link</a></li>
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</ul></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种3-羟基丁酰化修饰蛋白质药物及其制备方法和应用</strong> - 本发明涉及医药技术领域，公开了一种3‑羟基丁酰化修饰蛋白质药物（例如抗体）及其制备方法和应用，特别是一种3‑羟基丁酰化修饰抗体及其制备方法和应用。发明人经过大量实验发现，3‑羟基丁酸及其类似物修饰蛋白质药物（例如抗体）后，可以显著提高蛋白质药物的热稳定性、对蛋白酶水解的抗性，降低蛋白质药物的等电点，并显著延长其在受试者体内的半衰期，进而提高其药效。修饰后所得蛋白质药物在科研和临床方面具有广阔的应用前景和较高的商业价值。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN318140486">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>新冠病毒重组融合蛋白、其制备方法和应用</strong> - 本发明提供一种新冠病毒重组融合蛋白、其制备方法和应用。本发明通过对新冠病毒S和N重组融合蛋白的基因序列进行设计，选择最优的片段进行整合，再通过人源HEK293细胞系统重组表达融合蛋白，经过纯化后对融合蛋白的分子量、纯度进行检测，最后利用融合蛋白制成新冠病毒抗体胶体金检测试纸条/试剂盒。与单独使用S蛋白或N蛋白制备的胶体金检测试纸条相比，该重组融合蛋白制备的胶体金检测试纸条具有更高的灵敏度和更低的漏检率。此外，本发明提供的新冠病毒重组融合蛋白可广泛应用于不同平台技术的新冠抗体检测试剂盒开发，如胶体金、荧光免疫层析、化学发光和酶联免疫等。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN318140491">link</a></p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>Atemluft-Desinfektionsvorrichtung und Atemschutzmaske</strong> -
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Atemluft-Desinfektionsvorrichtung mit einem am Körper eines Lebewesens (2) tragbaren Gehäuse (32), aufweisend:</p></li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">eine im Gehäuse (32) ausgebildete frei durchströmbare Atemluft-Bestrahlungskammer (33), die frei von den Strömungswiderstand erhöhenden Einbauten oder Umlenkabschnitten ist, und die an einem Ende (34.1) der Atemluft-Bestrahlungskammer (33) eine im Strömungsweg der Nase und/oder dem Mund des Lebewesens (2) zugewandte erste Durchtrittsöffnung (35.1) aufweist und an einem anderen Ende (34.2) der Atemluft-Bestrahlungskammer (33) eine im Strömungsweg von der Nase und/oder von dem Mund des Lebewesens (2) abgewandte zweite Durchtrittsöffnung (35.2) aufweist, wobei die Atemluft-Bestrahlungskammer (33) von wenigstens einer UV-reflektierenden Kammer-Innenwand (36) begrenzt ist, die aus einem wärmeleitenden Material besteht,</li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">wenigstens eine im Gehäuse (32) angeordnete, in die Atemluft-Bestrahlungskammer (33) einstrahlende UV-LED-Einheit (31, 31.1, 31.2), die ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist, den Innenraum der Atemluft-Bestrahlungskammer (33) mit UV-Strahlen vollständig zu beaufschlagen, und</li>
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<li data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom">wenigstens einen sich außerhalb der Atemluft-Bestrahlungskammer (33) erstreckenden Kühlkörper (37), der thermisch sowohl an die wenigstens eine UV-LED-Einheit (31, 31.1, 31.2), als auch an die aus dem wärmeleitenden Material bestehende Kammer-Innenwand (36, 39, 40) angekoppelt ist.</p></li>
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</ul>
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<ul>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=DE319581907">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>稳定的冠状病毒重组蛋白二聚体及其表达载体</strong> - 本发明公开了稳定的冠状病毒重组蛋白二聚体及其表达载体，冠状病毒重组蛋白，由冠状病毒S蛋白S‑RBD、冠状病毒N蛋白的CTD区N‑CTD和将二者偶联的连接子构成。本发明一些实例的冠状病毒重组蛋白，可以形成并维持稳定的二聚体结构，避免单体S‑RBD降解，有利于提高冠状病毒重组蛋白的免疫原性，有望用于制备检测试剂原料、疫苗、抗体、预防或治疗性药物。本发明一些实例的冠状病毒重组蛋白二聚体，具有很好的免疫原性。在疫苗开发领域具有广阔的应用前景。本发明一些实例的表达载体，易于表达冠状病毒重组蛋白二聚体且表达量高。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN318107321">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>SELF-CLEANING AND GERM-KILLING REVOLVING PUBLIC TOILET FOR COVID 19</strong> - - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=AU318003558">link</a></p></li>
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<li><p data-aos="fade-left" data-aos-anchor-placement="bottom-bottom"><strong>一种新冠病毒S1蛋白的灌流生产系统及方法</strong> - 本发明涉及细胞生物学技术领域，提供了一种新冠病毒S1蛋白的灌流生产系统及方法，包括：细胞反应器，用于培养表达S1蛋白的细胞株；灌流系统，包括过滤装置、出液管、回液管和第一循环泵，所述过滤装置的主体内设有孔径为0.1‑0.2μm的中空纤维柱，用于过滤透出液，截留细胞培养液中的S1蛋白；所述出液管的两端分别与所述细胞反应器和所述中空纤维柱的下端相连通；所述回液管的两端分别与所述细胞反应器和所述中空纤维柱的上端相连通；所述第一循环泵设置于所述出液管与所述中空纤维柱相连的管路中。本发明系统投入成本低且S1蛋白产量高。 - <a href="https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=CN318107249">link</a></p></li>
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</ul>
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